White nasolabial fold in a child. Blue nasolabial triangle in an adult cause

Blueing caused by a network of capillaries can occur gradually, or it can develop quite abruptly. Impairment caused by health problems is often accompanied by other symptoms. Blue skin mainly indicates improper gas exchange in the lungs, pathologies of cardio-vascular system or other disorders in the patient's body.

Most often, signs of the disease are observed on the protruding parts of the body: lips, tip of the nose, phalanges of the fingers. Usually they are combined with other symptoms and appear at a severe stage of the disease.

Causes of the disease

With a change in the composition of the blood, namely with an increase in the amount of deoxyhemoglobin (hemoglobin deprived of oxygen), skin color changes. The blood, almost devoid of oxygen, becomes darker and translucent through the skin. The normal concentration of hemoglobin is 3 g/l. If it becomes more than 30 or 50 g / l, this disease occurs.

Cyanosis of the nasolabial triangle in a child indicates that the baby may suffer from neuralgia, heart or lung disease. In an adult, such a triangle appears as a result of diseases respiratory system or due to heart failure.

Note. Not always bluish color of the skin around the mouth and nose small child speaks of the presence serious reasons Because children's skin is very thin, the venous plexuses are highly visible.

What else causes the development of cyanosis

Cyanosis can develop anywhere on the body, but most of all it is observed in the region of the nasolabial triangle. Some patients suffer from this disease only in the cold season. It happens that the appearance of symptoms begins in a person who has been on the bed for a long time. high altitude. The lack of oxygen in the air affects the body in this way.

The nasolabial triangle is more noticeable in children early age. In adults, the symptom appears in case of a serious condition. In some patients, it manifests itself as a result of poisoning, diphtheria, asthma, tuberculosis, thrombophlebitis.

cyanosis in a newborn

Cyanosis of the nasolabial triangle is very common in baby. The weakest cyanosis, which manifests itself when the baby is crying, is of a respiratory origin (the child inhales little oxygen, but exhales a lot). Blueness in this area during stress or screaming is considered the norm.

Other causes of blue skin in the area of ​​​​the nasolabial triangle, which is considered the norm:

• Superficial vessels in a child expand, becoming more visible during breastfeeding.
• With hypothermia, which can occur during dressing or bathing. But after warming the baby, the color of his skin over upper lip returns to the previous one.

A serious threat to the life and health of the child is any violation of the function of the cardiovascular activity and respiratory organs, which are manifested by the same symptom.

Attention. If, after the nasolabial triangle turns blue, its color does not return to normal after a while, and blue fingers and the tip of the tongue are also observed, it is imperative to seek help from medical institution.

Types of disease

Variants of the algorithm for the development of cyanosis of the lips divide it into 3 pathological groups:

1. The constant type has central origin. In addition to the cyanosis of the nasolabial triangle, it is characterized by a sluggish sucking reflex. Pathology occurs as a result not proper development any parts of the brain, increased intracranial pressure or trauma during childbirth.
2. Respiratory nature of the disease. Additional symptoms this group:

• pale skin color;
• blue in the eye area;
• when inhaling, small intercostal muscles are drawn in.

This type includes pulmonary diseases (pneumonia, runny nose, bronchial asthma).

1. Cardiovascular type of pathology. The child has suffered since birth. The cause is congenital heart disease.

Baby health analysis

To recognize pathology, parents should observe their child. What excludes pathology:

• during the onset of cyanosis, there is no cough, breathing is not difficult;
• development and growth of the child correspond to age;
• the color of the skin around the mouth and on other parts of the body does not differ and has a normal appearance;
• the baby is active, not lethargic;
• no heart murmurs.

Important. You should not hesitate in the event of a rapid blue nasolabial triangle. An urgent consultation with a doctor is required.

Actions for the appearance of cyanosis in a child

Procedures that are usually prescribed by a doctor:

• Ultrasound of the heart muscle;
• chest x-ray;
• electrocardiogram .

For a complete examination of the baby, you need to visit a neurologist. It is very important to maintain comfortable conditions in the apartment, because it mandatory requirement for proper development. Temperature and humidity must comply with the standards. It is necessary to regularly walk with him on fresh air.

Daily massage stimulates the activity of the nervous system and normalizes the work of the respiratory department.

Treatment of cyanosis

To determine the exact cause of the disease, it is necessary to undergo a professional examination. Each patient has his individual characteristics, in view of which a certain type of examination is assigned. These can be various studies of the heart, lungs or blood flow.

The most common type of treatment is oxygen inhalation, which allows enriching the blood with oxygen. Gives a good result special massage but with chronic disease given treatment won't solve the underlying problem.

Traditional medicine methods

The treatment process should proceed from the origins of the disease. In the fight against cyanosis of the nasolabial triangle during intoxication, it is necessary to use substances that can remove toxins. For this, a decoction of viburnum is suitable. A liter of water must be poured over the leaves or fruits of the plant and boiled for one hour. Strained drink should be taken in between meals in small portions.

Alternative methods should be used only after the appointment of the main treatment. If the development of cyanosis is accompanied by difficulty breathing and chest pain, you should immediately call a doctor.

Cyanosis does not cause pain, but is a symptom of some disease. For treatment, it is necessary to establish its cause. Often cyanosis occurs as a manifestation serious illnesses so the patient may need to be hospitalized. For prevention, it is recommended to healthy lifestyle life.

A healthy person has a slightly pinkish tint, and the appearance of an unpleasant cyanosis on it should alert the patient. Blue skin in the region of the nasolabial triangle is considered a common disease and occurs in both adults and young children. Why cyanosis appears, and what diseases it may indicate - all this will be discussed in this article.

Main features

The deterioration of human health is very often accompanied by certain manifestations of the skin, which react to the failures of the functioning of internal organs that have appeared. Very often in the early stages of development dangerous diseases these symptoms are hidden.

Medical practice shows that in some patients, cyanosis in the area of ​​​​the nasolabial part of the face or cyanosis appears gradually. At first, the color change is barely visible, but over time it becomes more pronounced. There are cases when a change in the normal color in this area occurs quite abruptly.

At the location of the nasolabial triangle, many venous and arterial blood vessels are concentrated. That is why the appearance of cyanosis in this area is a sign of serious pathologies of the cardiac system or malfunctions of the respiratory system.

In young children, cyanosis in the nasolabial region is most often caused by hypoxia and other pathologies that have arisen during the bearing of a baby or during childbirth.

Features of the manifestation of the disease in adults and children

According to pediatric practice, a slight discoloration in the area of ​​​​the nasolabial part of a newborn is very often considered the norm. A slight bluish tinge may be caused by the baby's excessive crying that continues for a long time. This skin color appears due to the peculiarities of the baby's lungs.

Due to loud crying, the normal supply of oxygen to is disrupted, which contributes to the appearance of blue. With age, this symptom disappears on its own. If, when the baby is 1 year old, the cyanosis of the integument after crying can still be observed, it is advised to consult an experienced pediatrician on this issue.

Also, non-anxious cyanosis in an infant may occur due to such a natural feature as too light or thin skin in the area of ​​​​the nasolabial triangle. Small veins are clearly visible through a thin skin layer, and the crease above the lip seems slightly blue. As they grow older, this symptom disappears without a trace.

According to the data medical practice, very often cyanosis in an infant appears as a result of a protracted process. According to experienced pediatricians, this condition is not considered life-threatening for the baby, it goes away on its own after a few days.

Among physiological reasons, which can cause cyanosis in both an adult and a small child, emit:

• severe hypothermia of the body;
• being at a height for a long time;
• deficiency in intake.

The cyanosis of the skin caused by these causes is usually not dangerous. After the normalization of the organs and systems of the body, it passes by itself.

Pathological causes of the appearance

Among pathological causes the appearance of cyanosis of the nasolabial part of the face in a newborn is worth noting:

• Congenital pathologies of the cardiovascular system.
• Acquired diseases of the bronchi and lungs, such as: pneumonia, pneumonia or laryngitis. Sometimes special oxygen masks are used to correct the functioning of the respiratory system.
• A separate point worth noting is such a pathology of the cardiac system of the newborn as an open oval window. With an open oval window in a child, pediatricians recommend providing the baby good care. A long stay in the fresh air will alleviate the condition of a small patient.
• Most often, this pathology disappears on its own after the first year of the baby's life. Together with it, cyanosis disappears.
• A severe allergic reaction that contributes to the disruption of the functioning of the respiratory system.
• Insufficient level of iron in.
• When diagnosing one of the listed reasons, it is important to regularly monitor the health of the baby by visiting the attending physician.
• Swallowing small objects by a baby can cause breathing difficulties. As a result, often there is a blue nasolabial part. If this problem is detected, it is necessary to immediately take the child to a medical facility where he will be assisted.

In case of sudden blueness of the nasolabial part of the face in an adult, you should immediately consult a doctor. Most often, cyanosis indicates the presence in the body of serious, which are often life-threatening. It should be noted that cyanosis of the nasolabial region in an adult is often accompanied by the appearance of blue skin and mucous membranes in other parts of the body.

According to practitioners, the appearance of cyanosis in the region of the nasolabial triangle cannot be perceived as an independent pathology.

A change in the color of the skin is only a symptom of a certain disease. To combat blueing, it is important to correctly diagnose the diseases due to which it appeared.

While watching the video, you will learn about the nasolabial triangle

When alarming symptoms appear, it is important to remember that a person often cannot cope on his own with pathologies that cause blueness in the nasolabial triangle. Therefore, he should immediately seek help from a good specialist.

Therefore, today we will talk specifically about the cyanosis of the nose and upper lip, which is conspicuous precisely by its pallor, if not a distinct blue.

The most common is the so-called cyanosis (blue) of the skin of the nasolabial triangle, usually caused by hypoxia. Most often, this condition occurs in children, but often cyanosis can also be present in adults, which is an extremely unfavorable diagnostic sign.

Cyanosis of the nasolabial triangle in children

Physiological causes of blue nasolabial triangle

The causes of this condition in children can be both physiological features of the structure of the child's body, and pathological changes. We will analyze the conditions when cyanosis cannot be a cause for concern, since it is not the result of any serious illness.

The respiratory system of a newborn baby is not fully formed, therefore, during crying, the degree of blood oxygen saturation may decrease.

Normally, the level of oxygenation of human blood is at least 95%. If it falls below this value, then hypoxia occurs, which is evidenced by the development of cyanosis.

It is this condition that occurs in many infants during crying. Reason for concern in this case no, because with age, the child's respiratory system will form completely, and cyanosis will pass.

• Features of the structure of the skin.

In some children, the skin of the nasolabial triangle is very thin, and given the fact that this area is characterized by the presence a large number blood vessels that can be seen through the skin, cyanosis in this case is a physiological norm.

In case of prolonged difficult childbirth, the child may experience hypoxia, characterized by cyanosis of the nasolabial triangle. This condition is also not critical and resolves on its own after a few days.

Summing up the above, it should be especially noted that physiological cyanosis is blue nasolabial triangle It is more typical for newborns and is a transient condition.

In the case when the blueness under the nose does not go away for a long time, and also when it suddenly appeared in a child older than six months, this may indicate a possible serious pathology.

Why does the nasolabial triangle in the baby still turn blue?

Pathological causes of blueing

• The most common causes of cyanosis can be various congenital malformations of the heart muscle and large main arteries.

• Other causes of blue nasolabial triangle are pathologies bronchopulmonary system such as bronchitis, pneumonia, laryngitis, etc.

• In addition, the blue nasolabial triangle in the baby appears when foreign objects enter the respiratory tract.

• Separately, it should be said about such a myocardial defect as an open oval window. This condition is caused by the presence of a hole in the interatrial septum. As a rule, this pathology is not dangerous for the child and disappears by itself by the beginning of the second year of life, as well as the accompanying cyanosis.

Treatment of cyanosis of the nasolabial triangle

In view of the fact that cyanosis of the skin of the nasolabial triangle in children is not, in fact, a disease, but only indicates the presence of a particular disease in the anamnesis, then the treatment is entirely aimed at eliminating the pathology that caused it, for which you should refer to the appropriate specialist (cardiologist, neuropathologist or pulmonologist) and follow all prescribed recommendations.

• In particular, with heart defects, the child should be provided with a special lifestyle, which consists in observing the regime of work and rest, good nutrition, regular walks and exclusion psycho-emotional stress. In severe situations, abdominal surgery is necessary.

• At inflammatory diseases bronchopulmonary system shows antibiotic therapy.

Cyanosis of the nasolabial triangle in adults

Causes of blue nose area in adults

As in children, a similar condition in adults can also have physiological and pathological causes.

Physiological reasons include:

• hypothermia;
• long stay at altitude.

However, nevertheless, cyanosis of the skin of the nasolabial triangle in an adult in most cases is characterized by the presence of one or another ailment.

Pathological causes of cyanosis

• Diseases and associated disorders of the functionality of the cardiovascular system (heart failure, arrhythmias, hypertonic disease, cardiomyopathy, myocarditis, etc.).

• Pathological conditions of the bronchopulmonary system (pneumonia, bronchitis, bronchial asthma, oncological processes foreign bodies in the airways).

• shock states ( anaphylactic shock, which is a sudden allergic reaction and is characterized, among other things, by acute oxygen starvation all organs and systems of the body).

• Poisoning.

Treatment

It is worth noting that the blueness of the nasolabial triangle in an adult is almost always a symptom of a particular disease, therefore, before choosing a treatment tactic, it is necessary to accurately determine the cause that caused it.

Most cases of sudden onset of cyanosis in an adult require immediate treatment for medical care, especially if it is accompanied by one or more of the following conditions:

Do not forget that diseases in which the above pathological condition occurs are easier to prevent than to treat.

Such preventive measures, as the rejection of bad habits, moderate exercise, proper and balanced nutrition, the passage of regular medical examinations can save you from many ailments and problems.

Why does the nasolabial triangle turn blue in an adult?

Good evening. A girl has been suffering from stabbing pains in the region of her heart for several years. Seizures almost daily evening time. There is a green-black rim around the mouth. Cardio and neurological pathologies they do not detect, only prolapse 1st, hormones, sugar are normal. Hemoglobin. Please tell me what is it? In the hospital they instill glucose, vitamins and that's it. Treatment is not prescribed, as there is no pathology. The child is tired of the pain.

Answered Konev Alexander therapist

Maria, hello. The bluish, greenish-gray color of the nasolabial triangle is a really important marker. This skin tone can manifest itself with congenital heart defects, coronary brain disease, lung problems, etc. In your case, this is most likely due to the diagnosed prolapse mitral valve. Cardiac pain, a feeling of interruption in the work of the heart muscle, palpitations, dizziness, fatigue, shortness of breath are also symptoms of prolapse. Adolescents may experience panic attacks and vegetovascular dystonia. With this pathology, treatment should be selected exclusively by the attending physician (sometimes specialists are limited to prescribing vitamin complexes and exercise therapy, sometimes they supplement the course sedatives, adaptogens).

Why is the nasolabial triangle blue?

The nasolabial triangle (blue) may indicate the presence of a completely various diseases. After all, it is in this part of the face that there are many blood vessels (both venous and arterial). In addition, there are no valves on the veins in this area, and therefore all infections that penetrate the wounds can easily even enter the brain. It is also worth noting that in this part of the face it is highly undesirable to squeeze various acne or boils, as this can lead to the development of sepsis.

This phenomenon often helps doctors diagnose a particular disease in children. This is due to the fact that the changed skin tone in this part of the face almost always indicates an existing pathology in the body. In order to understand why the nasolabial triangle is blue, consider the most common diseases that are characterized by a similar symptom:

1. Often in children there is cyanosis near the mouth with various heart diseases. If this deviation is observed in a small child, then most likely he has a congenital defect, which is eliminated only with the help of an operation. But if the blue nasolabial triangle first appeared in a rather adult person, then he should consult a cardiologist as soon as possible. Typically, the diagnosis of heart disease is confirmed by an ECG or by listening.

2. The cyanosis of this part of the face can also be a symptom of ischemic brain disease. Such a pathology requires the consultation of a neurologist. The final diagnosis in this regard can only be made after an ultrasound examination.

3. If a person, along with the nasolabial triangle, has blue lips, then most likely this is due to hypoxia or oxygen starvation. Such a deviation may occur due to poisoning with toxic gases or as a result of excessive smoking.

4. In rare cases a change in the color of the skin in the nasolabial triangle may be accompanied by such a phenomenon as blue tongue. According to experts, this pathology indicates serious violations in the cardiopulmonary or renal systems. In this case, you should consult a doctor, since it will be very difficult for a person who is not savvy in medicine to figure out why such cardinal changes occur in the body on their own.

5. Another common cause of a change in the shade of the lips, tongue and nasolabial triangle can be banal anemia. In this case, do without medical examination, a more precisely analysis blood for hemoglobin, no way. If iron deficiency in the body really takes place, then it needs to be urgently replenished. To do this, most people use regular products, which include such an important element for life. These include beef liver, veal, beef, pomegranates, apples, buckwheat porridge etc.

Cyanosis: what is it, causes, symptoms and forms, treatment

cyanosis - clinical sign a number of pathologies in which the skin of patients acquire a blue color. The reason for such changes is the accumulation in the blood of deoxyhemoglobin - hemoglobin, which gave oxygen to the tissues. Blood depleted of oxygen becomes dark, translucent through the skin and makes it cyanotic. This is most clearly seen in places with thinned skin - on the face and ears.

Cyanosis occurs in individuals with circulatory disorders leading to generalized or local hypoxemia.

With insufficient blood supply to the capillaries, acrocyanosis develops, which is manifested by cyanosis of the skin of the fingers and toes, the tip of the nose. This term, translated from ancient Greek, means "dark blue limb."

The severity of cyanosis varies from barely noticeable cyanosis to purple skin. Temporary cyanosis occurs when excessive physical activity, persistent cyanosis - with long-term cardiac or pulmonary diseases.

Classification

Central cyanosis is diffuse in nature and the maximum severity. It develops with weak blood arterialization, leading to hypoxia. In the lungs, gas exchange is disturbed, an excess of carbon dioxide accumulates in the arterial blood, which is clinically manifested by blue conjunctiva of the eyes, palate, tongue, mucous membranes of the lips and cheeks, and facial skin. Quality and quantitative changes hemoglobin in the blood leads to a violation of its transport function and hypoxia.

manifestations of cyanosis in adults and children

Acrocyanosis is localized on the feet, hands, nose, ears, lips. Peripheral cyanosis is considered a normal variant in the first days of a newborn's life. Its origin is easily explained by the incompletely eliminated germinal type of blood circulation, especially in premature babies. The cyanosis of the skin is aggravated by swaddling, feeding, crying, and anxiety. When the baby is fully adapted to the outside world, cyanosis will disappear.

• Permanent and transient, occurring with low blood glucose or inflammation of the meninges,
• Total or general,
• Regional or local: perioral, distal,
• isolated.

Local cyanosis develops in places with the largest number blood vessels, perioral - around the mouth, periorbital - around the eyes. Cyanosis of any part of the human body can appear with pulmonary and cardiac pathologies.

There are several types of cyanosis by origin:

1. The respiratory type is caused by an insufficient volume of oxygen in the lungs and a violation of the transport chain of its supply to cells and tissues. It develops when there is a complete or partial violation of the movement of air through the respiratory tract.
2. Cardiac type - insufficient blood supply to organs and tissues leads to oxygen deficiency and blue skin.
3. The cerebral type develops when the blood loses its ability to attach oxygen to hemoglobin and deliver it to the brain cells.
4. The metabolic type develops when there is a violation of the absorption of oxygen by tissues.

Respiratory cyanosis disappears 10 minutes after oxygen therapy, all other types persist for a long time. Massage of the earlobe helps to get rid of acrocyanosis.

Etiology

With dysfunction of the heart and blood vessels, the blood cannot fully deliver oxygen to the cells and tissues of the body, which leads to the development of hypoxia. At the same time, cyanosis appears against the background of fatigue, fatigue, headache, insomnia, chest pain, tachycardia, shortness of breath, and disorientation.

Cyanosis is a clinical sign of various diseases of internal organs:

• Heart and blood vessels - heart defects, ischemic heart disease, pulmonary embolism, varicose veins and atherosclerosis,
• Blood - polycythemia and anemia,
• Respiratory system - pneumonia, pneumothorax, pleurisy, pulmonary edema, bronchiolitis, respiratory failure, pulmonary embolism, infections, COPD, emphysema, breath holding, croup, foreign bodies, inflammation of the epiglottis,
• Poisoning with poisons or medicines - nitrites, phenacetin, nitrobenzene-containing drugs, sulfonamides, aniline, sedatives, alcohol,
• drug overdose,
• Convulsions that last a long time
• epilepsy,
• Anaphylactic shock, Quincke's edema,
• food poisoning,
• especially dangerous infections- cholera, plague,
• Small intestine carcinoid.

There are congenital familial forms of methemoglobinemia with autosomal recessive inheritance.

In healthy people, cyanosis can occur during hypothermia, in high altitude conditions, in a stuffy unventilated room, during a flight without oxygen equipment.

Symptoms

characteristic areas of cyanosis

Cyanosis is a symptom of life-threatening diseases. With central cyanosis, the skin of the periorbital and perioral region first turns blue, then it spreads to areas of the body with the thinnest skin. Peripheral cyanosis is most pronounced in areas remote from the heart. It is often associated with swelling and swelling of the neck veins.

Depending on the time of occurrence, cyanosis is acute, subacute and chronic.

cyanosis does not negative impact on the general well-being patients, but in combination with other signs of the underlying pathology becomes a reason for going to the doctor. If cyanosis occurs suddenly, grows rapidly and has a significant degree of severity, then it requires emergency care.

Cyanosis, depending on the etiology of the disease, is accompanied by various symptoms: strong cough, shortness of breath, tachycardia, weakness, fever and other signs of intoxication.

• Cyanosis at bronchopulmonary diseases manifested by a purple tint of the skin and mucous membranes and is combined with shortness of breath, wet cough, fever, sweating, moist rales. These symptoms are typical for an attack of bronchial asthma, acute bronchitis and bronchiolitis, pneumonia. With PE, intense cyanosis develops against the background of chest pain and shortness of breath, and with lung infarction it is associated with hemoptysis. Sharp cyanosis and severe shortness of breath are signs of tuberculosis and lung carcinomatosis. Patients with similar symptoms require urgent hospitalization and respiratory resuscitation.
• In heart disease, cyanosis is one of the main symptoms. It is combined with shortness of breath, characteristic auscultatory data, wet rales, hemoptysis. Cyanosis in heart defects is accompanied by secondary erythrocytosis, an increase in hematocrit, and the development of capillary stasis. Patients develop deformity of the fingers according to the type drumsticks and nails like watch glasses.

cyanosis in a newborn with a heart defect and the characteristic structure of the fingers of an adult with an untreated defect

Cyanosis of the nasolabial triangle in a child occurs both in the norm and in pathology. In newborns, the skin is so thin that blood vessels can be seen through it. Severe, persistent cyanosis requires urgent appeal to the pediatrician.

Cyanosis is not subject to special treatment. When it appears, oxygen therapy is carried out and the main treatment is enhanced. Therapy is considered effective in reducing the severity of cyanosis and its disappearance.

In the absence of timely and effective treatment of diseases manifested by cyanosis, patients develop a disorder of the nervous system, the overall resistance of the body decreases, sleep and appetite are disturbed, in severe cases the person may fall into a coma. This condition requires the provision of emergency medical care in the intensive care unit.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis of diseases manifested by cyanosis begins with listening to complaints and taking an anamnesis. The patient is found out when the cyanosis of the skin appeared, under what circumstances cyanosis arose, whether it is permanent or paroxysmal. Then determine the localization of cyanosis and specify how its shade changes during the day.

After a conversation with the patient, a general examination begins, the severity of his condition and the presence of concomitant diseases. The doctor performs auscultation of the heart and lungs.

Then they move on to the laboratory and instrumental methods research:

1. General blood test,
2. Analysis gas composition arterial blood,
3. Pulse oximetry - a pulse oximeter is put on the patient's finger, which determines blood oxygen saturation in a few seconds,
4. Determination of blood flow velocity
5. Examination of the functions of the heart and lungs,
6. The study of gases of exhaled air - capnography,
7. electrocardiography,
8. Radiography of organs chest,
9. Computed tomography of the chest,
10. Cardiac catheterization.

Features of treatment

Treatment of cyanosis is aimed at eliminating the underlying disease that provoked blue skin. If the patient becomes difficult to breathe, the respiratory rate exceeds 60 breaths per minute, he sits hunched over, loses his appetite, becomes irritable and does not sleep well, you should consult a doctor.

If cyanosis of the lips, palpitations, fever, cough, blue nails and difficulty breathing appear, you should immediately call an ambulance.

Oxygen therapy

Oxygen therapy can reduce the blueness of the skin. Blood oxygen saturation is achieved by using an oxygen mask or tent.

AT complex treatment respiratory and heart failure, accompanied by hypoxia, oxygen therapy is mandatory. Breathing oxygen through a mask helps improve general state and well-being of patients. Cyanotic seizures during exercise physical work or on the background of fever, disappear after a short inhalation of oxygen.

The closed oxygen tent is the most expedient method of oxygen therapy, allowing you to adjust the gas mixture and the pressure of the injected oxygen. Oxygen can also be administered through an oxygen tank, mask, pillow, or probe. Centralized oxygen supply is carried out with the use of artificial lung ventilation.

An oxygen cocktail eliminates cyanosis and other consequences of hypoxia. It improves the quality of life for many patients, restores strength, saturates cells with oxygen, improves metabolism, attention and reaction speed. An oxygen cocktail is a thick foam filled with oxygen molecules. With the help of a special oxygen bottle juices, fruit drinks and syrups are enriched with oxygen not only in medical institutions, but also at home.

Currently, oxygen concentrates produced in Europe, America and Asia are very popular. They are highly reliable, stable in operation, almost silent, and have a long service life. special attention deserve portable oxygen concentrates that provide patients with the comfort of movement and a mobile lifestyle.

Medical treatment

Drug therapy is aimed at improving the supply of oxygen to the body and its delivery to the tissues. To do this, patients are prescribed drugs that enhance pulmonary and cardiac activity, normalize blood flow through the vessels, improve rheological properties blood, enhancing erythropoiesis.

To reduce the cyanosis of the skin, patients are prescribed:

• Bronchodilators - Salbutamol, Clenbuterol, Berodual,
• Antihypoxants - "Actovegin", "Preductal", "Trimetazidine",
• Respiratory analeptics - "Etimizol", "Cititon",
• Cardiac glycosides - "Strophanthin", "Korglikon",
• Anticoagulants - "Warfarin", "Fragmin",
• Neuroprotectors - Piracetam, Phezam, Cerebrolysin,
• Vitamins.

If the cause of cyanosis is heart disease, it is often possible to get rid of it only with the help of surgery.

Oxygen cocktails are also taken to prevent hypoxia in people at risk and with chronic heart and lung diseases. To improve the quality of life and prevent the onset of old age, you should follow the basic rules and recommendations: treat chronic diseases in time, lead a healthy lifestyle, walk a lot in the fresh air, maintain your health and love yourself.

Alarming symptom: the appearance of cyanosis in the area of ​​​​the nasolabial triangle

Color of the skin healthy person has a slightly pinkish tint, and the appearance of an unpleasant cyanosis on it should alert the patient. Blue skin in the region of the nasolabial triangle is considered a common disease and occurs in both adults and young children. Why cyanosis appears, and what diseases it may indicate - all this will be discussed in this article.

Main features

The deterioration of human health is very often accompanied by certain manifestations of the skin, which react to the failures of the functioning of internal organs that have appeared. Very often, in the early stages of the development of dangerous diseases, these symptoms are hidden.

Medical practice shows that in some patients, cyanosis in the area of ​​​​the nasolabial part of the face or cyanosis appears gradually. At first, the color change is barely visible, but over time it becomes more pronounced. There are cases when a change in the normal color of the skin in this area occurs quite abruptly.

At the location of the nasolabial triangle, many venous and arterial blood vessels are concentrated. That is why the appearance of cyanosis in this area is a sign of serious pathologies of the cardiac system or malfunctions of the respiratory system.

In young children, cyanosis in the nasolabial region is most often caused by hypoxia and other pathologies that have arisen during the bearing of a baby or during childbirth.

Features of the manifestation of the disease in adults and children

According to pediatric practice, a slight discoloration in the area of ​​​​the nasolabial part of a newborn is very often considered the norm. A slight bluish tinge may be caused by the baby's excessive crying that continues for a long time. This skin color appears due to the peculiarities of the baby's lungs.

Due to loud crying, the normal supply of oxygen to the blood is disrupted, which contributes to the appearance of blue. With age, this symptom disappears on its own. If, when the baby is 1 year old, the cyanosis of the integument after crying can still be observed, it is advised to consult an experienced pediatrician on this issue.

Also, non-anxious cyanosis in an infant may occur due to such a natural feature as too light or thin skin in the area of ​​​​the nasolabial triangle. Small veins are clearly visible through a thin skin layer, and the crease above the lip seems slightly blue. As they grow older, this symptom disappears without a trace.

According to medical practice, very often cyanosis in an infant appears as a result of a protracted process of childbirth. According to experienced pediatricians, this condition is not considered life-threatening for the baby, it goes away on its own after a few days.

Among the physiological causes that can cause cyanosis in both an adult and a small child, there are:

• severe hypothermia of the body;
• being at a height for a long time;
• lack of oxygen in the body.

The cyanosis of the skin caused by these causes is usually not dangerous. After the normalization of the organs and systems of the body, it passes by itself.

Pathological causes of the appearance

Among the pathological causes of the appearance of cyanosis of the nasolabial part of the face in a newborn, it is worth noting:

• Congenital pathologies of the cardiovascular system.
• Acquired diseases of the bronchi and lungs, such as: pneumonia, bronchitis, pneumonia or laryngitis. Sometimes special oxygen masks are used to correct the functioning of the respiratory system.
• A separate point worth noting is such a pathology of the cardiac system of a newborn as an open oval window. With an open oval window in a child, pediatricians recommend providing the baby with good care. A long stay in the fresh air will alleviate the condition of a small patient.
• Most often, this pathology disappears on its own after the first year of the baby's life. Together with it, cyanosis disappears.
• A severe allergic reaction that contributes to the disruption of the functioning of the respiratory system.
• Insufficient level of iron in the blood.
• When diagnosing one of the listed reasons, it is important to regularly monitor the health of the baby by visiting the attending physician.
• Swallowing small objects by a baby can cause breathing difficulties. As a result, often there is a blue nasolabial part. If this problem is detected, it is necessary to immediately take the child to a medical facility where he will be assisted.

In case of sudden blueness of the nasolabial part of the face in an adult, you should immediately consult a doctor. Most often, blueness indicates the presence in the body serious illnesses which are often life-threatening. It should be noted that cyanosis of the nasolabial region in an adult is often accompanied by the appearance of blue skin and mucous membranes in other parts of the body.

According to practitioners, the appearance of cyanosis in the region of the nasolabial triangle cannot be perceived as an independent pathology.

A change in the color of the skin is only a symptom of a certain disease. To combat blueing, it is important to correctly diagnose the diseases due to which it appeared.

While watching the video, you will learn about the nasolabial triangle

When alarming symptoms appear, it is important to remember that a person often cannot cope on his own with pathologies that cause blueness in the nasolabial triangle. Therefore, he should immediately seek help from a good specialist.

Cyanosis of the nasolabial triangle in adults and children

Cyanosis is a pathology in which there is a pronounced cyanosis of a certain area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe skin. A similar deviation is more often observed in the face, in most cases the skin around the mouth turns blue in newborn babies.

cyanosis in children

So, in most cases, the disease occurs in infants. Natural cyanosis in a newborn baby can occur with strong crying, it has a pulmonary nature. During a cry, breathing is disturbed, and the supply of oxygen to the blood decreases. A similar symptom disappears on its own as the baby grows up.

Mandatory medical intervention

If cyanosis is still observed by the age of one, this is a serious reason to see a doctor. Such a symptom can signal heart disease and acute heart failure. Even if the local pediatrician assures that there is no reason to panic, you should consult with pediatric neurologist, cardiologist and make an ultrasound of the heart.

Blueness around the mouth in adults

In the adult population this pathology observed less frequently, and is almost always accompanied by concomitant symptoms: blue discoloration of other areas of the skin and mucous membranes. Manifestations of a single character, may be associated with oxygen starvation that occurs against the background of a long stay under water or at a height, as well as with strong allergic reactions in which smooth muscle spasm occurs.

alarm signal

If the nasolabial triangle turns blue regularly or constantly, then you should think about the presence of serious diseases. such as tumors different nature, disturbances in the work of the heart, blood vessels or respiratory system, poor microcirculation.

Cyanosis - what to do if the child's nasolabial triangle turns blue

Cyanosis is manifested by blue skin as a result of darkening of capillary blood. Most often, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe nasolabial triangle turns blue, especially in an infant. In order to prevent complications, it is necessary to recognize the disease in time, to know the causes of its development in adults and children. How is this pathology treated?

Blueing caused by a network of capillaries can occur gradually, or it can develop quite abruptly. Impairment caused by health problems is often accompanied by other symptoms. Blue skin mainly indicates improper gas exchange in the lungs, pathologies of the cardiovascular system or other disorders in the patient's body.

The place on the face bounded by the nose, mouth, and nasolabial folds is defined as the nasolabial triangle. In a healthy person, skin color in this place does not stand out.

Most often, signs of the disease are observed on the protruding parts of the body: lips, tip of the nose, phalanges of the fingers. Usually they are combined with other symptoms and appear at a severe stage of the disease.

Causes of the disease

With a change in the composition of the blood, namely with an increase in the amount of deoxyhemoglobin (hemoglobin deprived of oxygen), skin color changes. The blood, almost devoid of oxygen, becomes darker and translucent through the skin. The normal concentration of hemoglobin is 3 g/l. If it becomes more than 30 or 50 g / l, this disease occurs.

Cyanosis of the nasolabial triangle in a child indicates that the baby may suffer from neuralgia, heart or lung disease. In an adult, such a triangle appears as a result of diseases of the respiratory system or due to cardiovascular insufficiency.

The severity of cyanosis depends on the density of the subcutaneous capillary network and the thickness of the skin, so in children it is much more noticeable.

Note. Not always the bluish color of the skin around the mouth and nose of a small child indicates the presence of serious reasons, since children's skin is very thin, venous plexuses are very noticeable.

What else causes the development of cyanosis

Cyanosis can develop anywhere on the body, but most of all it is observed in the region of the nasolabial triangle. Some patients suffer from this disease only in the cold season. It happens that the appearance of symptoms begins in a person who has been at high altitude for a long time. The lack of oxygen in the air affects the body in this way.

The nasolabial triangle is more noticeable in young children. In adults, the symptom appears in case of a serious condition. In some patients, it manifests itself as a result of poisoning, diphtheria, asthma, tuberculosis, thrombophlebitis.

cyanosis in a newborn

Cyanosis of the nasolabial triangle is very common in an infant. The weakest cyanosis, which manifests itself when the baby is crying, is of a respiratory origin (the child inhales little oxygen, but exhales a lot). Blueness in this area during stress or screaming is considered the norm.

Cyanosis that occurs in a child with prolonged crying does not cause serious concern if it disappears after the baby calms down

Other causes of blue skin in the area of ​​​​the nasolabial triangle, which is considered the norm:

• Superficial vessels in a child expand, becoming more visible during breastfeeding.
• With hypothermia, which can occur during dressing or bathing. But after warming the baby, the color of his skin above the upper lip returns to the previous one.

A serious threat to the life and health of the child is any violation of the function of the cardiovascular activity and respiratory organs, which are manifested by the same symptom.

Attention. If, after the nasolabial triangle turns blue, its color does not return to normal after some time, and blue fingers and the tip of the tongue are also observed, it is necessary to seek help from a medical institution.

Types of disease

Variants of the algorithm for the development of cyanosis of the lips divide it into 3 pathological groups:

1. The constant type has a central origin. In addition to the cyanosis of the nasolabial triangle, it is characterized by a sluggish sucking reflex. Pathology occurs as a result of abnormal development of any parts of the brain, increased intracranial pressure, or trauma during childbirth.
2. Respiratory nature of the disease. Additional symptoms of this group:

• pale skin color;
• blue in the eye area;
• when inhaling, small intercostal muscles are drawn in.

This type includes pulmonary diseases (pneumonia, runny nose, bronchial asthma).

1. Cardiovascular type of pathology. The child has suffered since birth. The cause is congenital heart disease.

To avoid the consequences dangerous complications, should not be skipped scheduled checkups, since this diagnosis is difficult to make from the first days of a child's life

Baby health analysis

To recognize pathology, parents should observe their child. What excludes pathology:

• during the onset of cyanosis, there is no cough, breathing is not difficult;
• development and growth of the child correspond to age;
• the color of the skin around the mouth and on other parts of the body does not differ and has a normal appearance;
• the baby is active, not lethargic;
• no heart murmurs.

Important. You should not hesitate in the event of a rapid blue nasolabial triangle. An urgent consultation with a doctor is required.

Actions for the appearance of cyanosis in a child

Procedures that are usually prescribed by a doctor:

• Ultrasound of the heart muscle;
• chest x-ray;
• electrocardiogram.

For a complete examination of the baby, you need to visit a neurologist. It is very important to maintain comfortable conditions in the apartment, because this is a mandatory requirement for proper development. Temperature and humidity must comply with the standards. It is necessary to regularly walk with him in the fresh air.

Already from the second week of a child's life, you can start 15-minute walks in the fresh air, gradually increasing their duration.

Daily massage stimulates the activity of the nervous system and normalizes the work of the respiratory department.

Treatment of cyanosis

To determine the exact cause of the disease, it is necessary to undergo a professional examination. Each patient has his own individual characteristics, in view of which a certain type of examination is prescribed. These can be various studies of the heart, lungs or blood flow.

The most common type of treatment is oxygen inhalation, which allows enriching the blood with oxygen. A special massage gives a good result, but in case of a chronic disease, this treatment will not solve the underlying problem.

Oxygen inhalation saturates the body with oxygen. Such therapy can be carried out at home.

Traditional medicine methods

The treatment process should proceed from the origins of the disease. In the fight against cyanosis of the nasolabial triangle during intoxication, it is necessary to use substances that can remove toxins. For this, a decoction of viburnum is suitable. A liter of water must be poured over the leaves or fruits of the plant and boiled for one hour. Strained drink should be taken in between meals in small portions.

Alternative methods should be used only after the appointment of the main treatment. If the development of cyanosis is accompanied by difficulty breathing and chest pain, you should immediately call a doctor.

Cyanosis does not cause pain, but is a symptom of some disease. For treatment, it is necessary to establish its cause. Often cyanosis occurs as a manifestation of serious illness, so the patient may need to be hospitalized. In order to prevent, it is recommended to lead a healthy lifestyle.

Causes of cyanosis and treatment

Many people often experience such a phenomenon as cyanosis of the skin. This pathological condition is called cyanosis. However, not everyone knows exactly what it is, as a result of which it is formed, what symptoms it manifests and how it is treated.

Description of the disease

Cyanosis of the skin and mucous membranes is a disease characterized by a bluish discoloration of the skin on certain areas of the body and extremities. Pathology can be diagnosed both in a child and in an adult.

As a result of medical research it was revealed that the development of the disease is due to an increased content of pathological hemoglobin, as a result of which the skin acquires a blue tint. At the same time, experts note that oxygen saturation of the blood does not occur in full.

Against this background, certain parts of the body do not receive enough blood, which is a provoking factor in the development of cyanosis.

In certain situations, the course of the disease is complicated by suffocation. With untimely medical care, the risk of death increases.

Classification and locations

Based on the rate of development, the pathological process is divided into the following forms:

According to the nature of the occurrence, the disease is classified into the following types:

• respiratory, which occurs as a result of circulatory disorders, as well as a lack of oxygen in the lungs;
• hematological, which develops with blood diseases;
• cardiac, which is also characterized by oxygen starvation and circulatory dysfunction;
• metabolic, it is provoked by improper absorption of oxygen by tissue cells;
• cerebral, the cause of which is the inability to combine oxygen with hemoglobin, which provokes ischemic disease brain cells.

When studying the nature of the spread of the pathological condition, experts identified the following varieties of it:

1. Diffuse cyanosis (central). The place of localization is the entire surface of the body. Both a violation of the respiratory system and improper general blood circulation can provoke a disease.
2. Acrocyanosis. The blue tint of the skin is diagnosed only in places extreme points(lips, ears, nose). The reason for its development is venous congestion, chronic heart failure.
3. Peripheral. Among the provoking factors for the appearance of this type of pathology, there are violations in the work of the heart or arteries. In addition, ischemia of the face, legs or arms can contribute to the disease.
4. Local. It is determined as a result of examination of the genital organs, pharynx or nasopharynx. Here we can talk about cyanosis of the vagina and cyanosis of the face.

In addition, there are such types of pathological conditions as:

• general, or total;
• isolated;
• perioral and distal;
• cyanosis of the extremities;
• transitory and permanent.

In any case, in order to accurately determine the type of disease, you need to contact a specialist and undergo an examination.

Causes in adults

Among the most common factors are diseases of the cardiovascular system, when tissues and organs do not receive the required amount of oxygen. The process of circulatory disorders also provokes hypoxic damage to the skin.

The disease is usually accompanied by symptoms such as:

• pain in the chest area;
• frequent pulse;
• fast fatiguability;
• insomnia;
• headache;
• shortness of breath, etc.

Pathology appears as a result of the following diseases:

• atherosclerosis;
• pulmonary edema;
• ischemia and heart disease;
• varicose veins;
• thrombosis;
• pulmonary embolism.

Other contributing reasons include:

• anemia, polycythemia;
• pleurisy;
• respiratory failure;
• bronchial asthma;
• pneumothorax;
• angioedema;
• drug poisoning;
• epileptic and convulsive seizures;
• cholera;
• plague;
• tissue injury;
• prolonged presence in an unventilated room;
• hypothermia of the body.

As a rule, the peripheral form of cyanosis is diagnosed much more often than the central one.

cyanosis in children

The development of a pathological condition in newborns can be due to several provoking factors. These include:

• congenital heart defects (central cyanosis, which manifests itself immediately after birth);
• aspiration asphyxia, stenosing croup, atelectasis and other lung diseases (respiratory form of the disease);
• cerebral edema, intracranial bleeding (cerebral cyanosis);
• methemoglobinemia (metabolic type characterized by a concentration in the blood of potassium not exceeding 2 mmol / l).

Cyanosis of the nasolabial triangle in most cases occurs in infants, which is a sign of neuralgia, lung or heart disease.

In certain situations, cyanosis in infants is considered the norm. The cause of this condition is incomplete fetal bleeding. The symptom disappears on its own within a couple of days.

Symptoms

The diffuse form is characterized by a blue tint to the skin of the perioral and periorbital regions. After that, it spreads to areas with thin skin. The severity of the peripheral form is observed in places far from the heart muscle. In most cases, it is combined with swelling of the cervical veins.

Depending on the nature of the occurrence, the disease is accompanied by multiple symptoms:

• general weakness;
• feverish state;
• cough;
• tachycardia;
• dyspnea;
• other signs of intoxication.

For cyanosis, the development of which is due to bronchopulmonary pathologies, in addition to the main signs, are characterized by:

• purple tint of mucous membranes and epidermis;
• sweating;
• moist cough;
• soreness in the chest;
• hemoptysis.

At cardiovascular disorders signs such as:

• increased hematocrit;
• capillary stasis;
• erythrocytosis of the secondary type;
• fingernail deformity.

At the first suspicion of the development of a pathological process, it is necessary to immediately seek medical help. Lack of proper treatment can provoke various complications, including coma.

Diagnostics

In order to make a correct diagnosis and identify the cause that provoked the development of cyanosis, the doctor first of all interviews the patient and collects an anamnesis.

The specialist finds out when the first signs of cyanosis appeared and how often they appear, reveals the circumstances that contributed to this condition. After that, the area of ​​localization of the pathology is determined and the change in shade throughout the day is specified.

• general blood analysis;
• determination of the speed of movement of the blood fluid;
• study of cardiac and pulmonary performance;
• electrocardiography;
• capnography - the study of gases contained in the exhaled air;
• analysis of the gas composition of arterial blood fluid;
• radiography of the chest area;
• CT scan;
• cardiac catheterization.

Only on the basis of the results of all examinations, the doctor makes a diagnosis and prescribes the necessary therapy.

If there are difficulties in determining the type of disease, one must take into account the fact that the disappearance of pulmonary cyanosis, in contrast to acrocyanosis, occurs a few minutes after the supply of pure oxygen.

Features of the treatment of children and adults

The main task of holding therapeutic measures is to eliminate the underlying disease, against which cyanosis began to develop. To restore the amount of oxygen consumed by tissues, specialists prescribe medication and oxygen therapy.

Medical measures

Patients can be prescribed drugs that help normalize blood flow, increase erythropoiesis, and restore the functioning of the lungs and heart.

To reduce the manifestation of symptoms of pathology, use medicines the following groups:

• neuroprotectors - Salmbutamol;
• anticoagulants - Warfarin;
• analeptics - Etimizol or Cititon;
• cardiac glycosides - Strofantin;
• vitamin complexes.

In the chronic form of the disease, the patient is under dispensary observation the attending physician. Constant monitoring of the course of the process makes it possible to adjust therapy and prevent the development of complications.

Oxygen therapy

Treatment with oxygen therapy helps to reduce the blueness of the skin. To saturate the blood with oxygen, special tents and masks are used.

When oxygen is inhaled, the health of the patient improves. The disappearance of cyanotic attacks is noted after a few inhalations.

The use of a special tent is considered the most appropriate method of oxygen therapy. This method allows you to control the flow of the gas mixture. If artificial ventilation of the lungs is carried out, then a centralized supply is performed.

Treatment of pathology in children

If cyanosis is diagnosed in an infant, then in no case should you perform therapeutic actions at home. This can threaten not only the health, but also the life of the child.

If the disease is detected immediately after birth, the baby is under the strict supervision of specialists for several days. In the event that the symptoms of the disease do not go away, treatment begins with oxygen inhalations, due to which oxyhemoglobin in the composition of the blood fluid increases.

In some situations it is required complementary therapy. It is prescribed by the doctor, depending on the provoking factors.

Cyanosis of the skin and mucous membranes is a sign of many pathologies, in particular, problems of the cardiovascular system and respiratory organs. At the first sign of its appearance, it is necessary to visit a specialist who will determine true reason development of the disease and prescribe appropriate treatment.

Young parents, especially when the child is the first, have a lot of questions and concerns, for example, is the blue nasolabial triangle dangerous in a baby. Discoloration of this zone is common among infants and is an option in most cases. physiological norm, however, it can sometimes indicate the development of internal pathologies.

Description

On the medical language blue skin is called cyanosis. Such a symptom may indicate hypoxia (lack of oxygen in the baby's body) and the resulting increase in the level of reduced hemoglobin, which stains the skin and mucous membranes in blue hues.

In cases where blueness is localized around the mouth, on the feet and hands of the child, the condition is called peripheral cyanosis or acrocyanosis. A similar phenomenon occurs in healthy children, but more often predisposed to it premature babies.

Blueness of the scalp and trunk, as well as mucous membranes oral cavity called central cyanosis and indicates pathological conditions of the circulatory system, heart or lungs.

Important! To determine the nature of the origin of cyanosis, it is recommended to visit a pediatrician so as not to miss conditions that are dangerous to the health and life of the baby.

The reasons

There are quite a few reasons for the blue nasolabial triangle in the baby. Most of them have a physiological origin and are considered the norm in pediatrics:

1. Prolonged crying. During crying, the oxygen content in the baby's blood is significantly reduced, as the number of breaths exceeds the number of exhalations.
2. Feeding. Sucking milk from the mother's breast, the child has to make an effort. The load leads to the expansion of blood vessels and the appearance of cyanosis on the skin.
3. Long stay in highlands. Liquefied mountain air is not familiar to a child, but in this case, cyanosis is absolutely not dangerous.
4. Hypothermia. The blueness of the skin of the face under the influence of cold disappears as soon as the baby warms up.

Important! If blueness persists on the skin and it does not recover to its usual color, the tongue and other parts of the body begin to turn blue, you should immediately see a doctor and undergo an examination with the baby, as such symptoms may indicate serious pathologies.

Pathological cyanosis, depending on the origin, is divided into three main types, each of which has specific causes:

1. Permanent, often accompanied by a decrease in the sucking reflex and tension of the large fontanel, occurs:
   • after birth injury;
   • with increased intracranial pressure;
   • due to immaturity of the vasomotor or respiratory centers brain.
2. Respiratory (pulmonary), in addition to the blueness of the nasolabial region, it is also accompanied by pallor of the skin and bruises under the eyes; during breathing, the baby can retract the intercostal muscles. The reasons for this condition are:
   • pneumonia;
   • bronchitis and bronchial asthma;
   • hernia of the diaphragm;
   • entry into the airways of a foreign body (aspiration);
   • inhalation carbon monoxide or tobacco smoke;
   • runny nose.
3. Cardiovascular, in which blueness of the nasolabial area can be observed in a baby already in the hospital, occurs:
   • with non-closure of the oval window interatrial septum(pathology is the cause of the mixing of arterial and venous blood, as a result of which all internal organs cease to receive the amount of oxygen necessary for their proper operation);
   • with heart murmurs and other pathological conditions of the heart and / or blood vessels.

Important! By virtue of physiological characteristics it is extremely difficult to determine the pathological processes of the cardiovascular system in the first weeks after birth, therefore, it is necessary to regularly attend scheduled examinations by a pediatrician in order to detect dangerous conditions in time.

Diagnostics

To understand whether the child is healthy and whether the blueness of the nasolabial triangle is normal (physiological), parents should carefully observe him. You can independently exclude pathological cyanosis with:

• normal growth, weight gain and baby development;
• the absence of a heart murmur (determined during examination in pediatric cardiologist);
• high activity of the infant;
• lack of difficulty breathing and coughing;
• normal color skin on other parts of the body, around the mouth and on mucous membranes;
• natural pinkish skin tone all over the body.

If any of the above points does not correspond to the current state of the child and the nasolabial zone rapidly turns blue, you should immediately call a doctor.

Diagnosis of pathological cyanosis includes various examinations and research:

• chest x-ray;
• electrocardiogram;
• consultation with a neurologist;
• additional procedures to determine violations of the respiratory system.

According to the results of the examination, doctors will establish accurate diagnosis and given appropriate treatment.

Treatment

Therapy for nasolabial acrocyanosis directly depends on the reasons why it developed in the baby.

If there is congenital pathologies of the heart, the most common of which is non-closure of the oval window, with the preservation of the heart valve, specific care for the baby will be recommended to the child's parents:

• proper nutrition;
• minimization stressful situations (nervous breakdown may cause heart attack);
• frequent and long walks in the fresh air.

By itself, the blue nasolabial triangle in the baby is not dangerous to health, but it can signal serious pathologies, so if you have any doubts about the child, parents should seek the advice of a doctor they trust.

Caring mothers constantly monitor the condition of their child. Even slight reddening of the skin causes great anxiety in them. And if the cyanosis of the nasolabial triangle appears, then a woman can be seized by fear for her child.

You need to calmly find out the reason. The blueness of the nasolabial triangle is noted in both healthy and sick children, especially in the first months of life.

The blueness of the nasolabial triangle is normal for healthy children!

Doctors call this blueing in one word - cyanosis. The root cause is a drop in the level of oxygen in the blood. The parameter of the norm of its concentration is 92-95%. If the indicator drops below, then this is already a pathology.

Do not ignore even a slight blue nasolabial triangle.

Reasons for turning blue

In healthy children - imaginary anxiety

• In children of the first weeks of life, blue is sometimes observed while crying, when the level of oxygen in the blood drops to 92%. They are of pulmonary origin and are considered the norm. After a few weeks in healthy babies, it disappears due to the improvement of all body systems.

It is worth sounding the alarm if cyanosis persists. Do not hesitate and show the baby to specialists: it is better to make a mistake in your doubts than to face a serious illness later.

• In capricious and hyperactive children cause similar symptoms- a constant release of emotions, which leads to changes in the blood.
• Light and thin skin also causes a blue nasolabial triangle effect. The reason is the proximity of blood vessels to the surface of the skin. They shine through it, and a bluish tint appears. Do not panic in this case: the child is perfectly healthy. The bruising will pass with time.
• hypothermia may also cause cyanosis.

Use the simplest tips- check the room temperature, put on warmer clothes for the child. Often, when bathing, mothers, hardening the baby, pour too much into the bath. cool water. It also happens that the air temperature in the bathroom is very different from the temperature in the child's room. These changes also contribute to temporary turning blue.

“My son is one and a half months old. During bathing, the child's nasolabial triangle sometimes turned blue. Once it was very noticeable. After they pulled him out of the water, after some time the blueness disappeared. The next day I rushed with him to the pediatrician. After a thorough examination, the doctor suggested that for our child, the bathing water should be a little warmer. She said that sometimes in a baby, the nasolabial triangle turns blue with hypothermia. For several days in a row they washed in more than warm water and the blueness disappeared completely. And we breathed a sigh of relief ... "

In sick children, a major concern for parents

• Before the appearance of the blue nasolabial triangle infant maybe unexpectedly, without visible reasons, get nervous. The chin or arms with legs may tremble. What to do? It is better not to put off calling a doctor at home. These are the first signs of a possible failure not only in the work of the heart of the baby ( congenital heart disease and acute heart failure), but the nervous system.
• Cyanosis can serve as a litmus test for respiratory diseases and severe course(pneumonia and lung pathology). Characteristic symptoms- intermittent breathing, paroxysmal shortness of breath, wheezing, pallor of the skin. They may appear if a cold has lingered or the newborn has viral infection. In these cases, the blue is more noticeable, the stronger the symptoms.

The more sick the baby is, the more the nasolabial triangle turns blue.

• Foreign body entry into the respiratory tract also makes the nasolabial triangle blue.

Tip: Don't delay calling 911 if your newborn is unable to breathe, has sudden shortness of breath, coughs, and is blue. In the meantime, the ambulance will arrive in time, urgently lay the baby on your knee upside down. Gently pat on the back. Because chest compressions occur, foreign body can be pushed out, and breathing returns to normal.

• There are times when the baby is calm, but there is. This is also a reason to see a doctor.

Famous children's doctor Komarovsky, reassuring mothers, explains the blueness of the nasolabial triangle either as a hallmark of the vessels of a newborn, or a signal of heart problems. But heart problems are accompanied by a number of other signs, and not just the cyanosis of the triangle. Therefore, he advises parents for complacency.

Diagnostics

To remove all doubts and anxiety, do not delay visiting specialists. Diagnosis of any state of cyanosis can be carried out by the following methods:

• chest x-ray;
• Ultrasound of the heart.

If blueness persists after the diagnosis of heart disease has been ruled out, the child should be examined by a neurologist. Why? because neurological problems occur after difficult childbirth, a difficult pregnancy and / or indicate the immaturity of the baby's nervous system.

Prevention and treatment

Prevention of heart problems in children begins in the womb. Compliance with the simplest recommendations for balanced nutrition, giving up smoking, alcohol and fatty foods can protect against future health problems for the child.

By establishing the cause of cyanosis, an effective treatment of the disease can be carried out.

If there is no heart disease, then the baby is shown only swimming and many hours of walking. They contribute to the normalization of the respiratory system. The bluing will gradually disappear.

“My daughter was born prematurely, but then she developed well. I constantly noticed her blue lips. At the appointment with the pediatrician, it turned out that there is. We were prescribed an echocardiogram. As a result, it turned out that the daughter had a congenital heart disease. She was successfully operated on at 2.5 months. If in doubt, get tested. And if a problem is found, then it can be solved in a timely manner.

Reference. Among birth defects of the heart, the most common is the "open oval window", when the venous and arterial blood. As a result - a decrease in the level of oxygen in the blood and nasolabial cyanosis. Normally, the window closes at birth, because. in the womb, it was needed for the breath of the fetus. Therefore, after the first breath, it is not needed. But if it persists, permanent cyanosis is possible. Watching the closing of the window is required throughout the first year of a child's life. If during this period the window itself has not been delayed, an operation is necessary.

• long walks;
• proper nutrition;
• lack of stress.

Children 3-5 years old also have a blue triangle, which indicates pathology and untimely diagnosis.

“My daughter had a strong blue over the sponge when she cried. The pediatrician sent me for a consultation with a cardiologist, plus they did an ultrasound of the heart. Everything turned out to be in order. The cardiologist explained this by hypoxia in the child during childbirth, and blueing is already a consequence. He said not to worry: by a year and a half it should pass.

In many children, cyanosis resolves with age.

So, in order to eliminate the anxiety that has arisen for the child due to the appearance of cyanosis, which is an alarming symptom, you need to go through three doctors:

• pediatrician: find out the cause and send for examination;
• cardiologist: will diagnose congenital pathologies;
• neurologist: examines cyanosis in combination with other manifestations (trembling of the chin and limbs, restless behavior, crying).

Contact the experts in time to avoid sad consequences and prevent the development of the disease!

Elena Gavrilova