Dentistry cyst. Tooth cyst - causes, symptoms and modern methods of treatment. Symptoms of dental disease

A tooth cyst can form in a patient for several reasons, but the patient may not be aware of its existence. In some cases, it is determined by chance during dental treatment, and sometimes it manifests itself as pain after suffering infectious diseases.

What is a tooth cyst?

Until recently, a cyst of the teeth was poorly diagnosed and treated with a radical method - tooth extraction. Thanks to advances in the field of dentistry, doctors have been able to help the patient and save the affected tooth. The main problem of the cyst is that it often appears on the root of the tooth, where it is not easy for a doctor to get to remove it. The maxillary teeth are affected by the cyst more often due to the fact that the roots upper teeth have a more porous composition.

A tooth cyst is a dense formation, inside of which there is a purulent fluid. A cyst under the tooth saves the tooth from a nearby infection by encapsulation. Once in the capsule, the bacteria lose the ability to spread, but do not die. If the cyst is left untreated, favorable conditions it may begin to increase, which can lead to its rupture and loss of the tooth.

Tooth cyst - types

Types of dental cysts are distributed according to the reasons for their formation:

Retromolar cyst. called chronic processes occurring in the dental and periodontal tissues, the cause of which was teething.
Eruption cyst. This type of disease is a subspecies of the retromolar cyst. It occurs in children during the period of replacement of milk teeth with permanent ones.
radicular cyst. The most common type of cyst. It is formed due to inflammation of the gum tissue.
Follicular cyst. Appears on the follicles of new teeth at the stage of formation of dental tissue.
Keratocyst. Is a variety follicular cyst. It differs from it in that the pathology is formed from the epithelium and interferes with the normal eruption of the tooth.
Residual cyst. It is formed after the removal of the dental unit, if a piece of bone remains in the gum.
Cyst of eye teeth. Appears due to inflammation in the maxillary sinuses.

Residual cyst

Residual tooth cyst occurs in situ extracted tooth. To its appearance leads to improper extraction of the tooth, the remnant of the dentary bone, incorrect treatment of the root cyst. This type of cyst is dangerous because if it is not completely removed, the cyst continues to develop, that is, it leads to a relapse. A residual cyst is difficult to diagnose because it can look like tumors and various lesions on an x-ray. For staging accurate diagnosis a biopsy should be done.

Keratocyst of the tooth

A keratocyst is a formation that forms near the third molars. mandible. The reason for the appearance of keratocyst is a defect in the development of “wisdom teeth”. Your name this species cysts received due to the fact that the inner layer of the formation consists of keratin. Dental surgeons in their practice encounter single-chamber and multi-chamber keratogenesis.

Keratocyst is rare. They find it either by x-ray, or by a small growth on the gum. Often, a keratocyst gradually develops into a cholestoma, sometimes into malignant neoplasm. Cystic keratostructures must be removed surgically. If this is not done in time, the patient may have consequences in the form oncological disease, purulent inflammation, deterioration of the jaw bones, sepsis and hearing loss.

Retromolar cyst

The retromolar cyst is located in the area bottom corners jaw, behind an erupting wisdom tooth. The reason for the formation of this type of cyst is chronic inflammation in the periodontal tissues. As a result, the integumentary epithelium becomes cystic formation over an erupting tooth. The difficulty is presented by retromolar cysts that are not associated with "wisdom teeth" and are separate formations. A wisdom tooth cyst should be removed as soon as possible after it is identified.

Why is a tooth cyst dangerous?

dental cyst - dangerous disease, inattention to which can lead to health problems and even death. The most common complication of a cyst is tooth loss. This happens when a cyst destroys bone tissue and replaces it with connective tissue. Other complications of cysts can be such diseases:

jaw fracture due to thinning bone tissue;
purulent inflammation, leading to loosening of teeth, prolapse, inflammatory processes in the gums, fluxes;
tumor processes;
phlegmon;
sepsis;
tooth cyst in the maxillary sinus, sprouted from the oral cavity.

Cysts on the teeth - causes

The reasons for the formation of cysts can be very diverse. They can be caused by injury, infection, improper treatment. In some cases, it is not possible to establish the exact problem that led to the appearance of the cyst. The main causes of cystic processes in the oral cavity are:

incorrect treatment of the tooth, which resulted in infection in the dental canals;
injuries of the jaw and teeth;
microtrauma of teeth;
infectious diseases, due to which the infection appears in the bloodstream and spreads throughout the body;
, since the maxillary sinuses are directly connected with the dental canals;
a cyst under the crown of the tooth occurs as a result of inflammatory processes that occur under the crown and are not diagnosed for a long time;
difficulties with eruption;
severe hypothermia.

Tooth cyst - symptoms

A cyst on the root of the tooth, the treatment of which should be started as early as possible, often develops asymptomatically. Symptoms of the disease may appear when the cyst has led to serious complications. For this reason, it is recommended without fail visit the dentist twice a year and do not neglect the x-ray examination. Common symptoms of a dental cyst are:

toothache during a meal;
an increase in body temperature in combination with other symptoms of a cyst;
pain or discomfort when biting;
general weakness;
a front tooth cyst manifests itself as a visible tubercle or protrusion, while the color of the gums can be changed;
headache.

Diagnosis of a tooth cyst

To confirm the cyst of the tooth, dentists prescribe x-rays. The cyst of the tooth in the picture looks like an oblong or round dark spot with clear boundaries. Often it is localized in the region of the tooth root, sometimes spreading to the adjacent root. If it is difficult to say unequivocally from the image what the nature of the identified spot is, a second radiograph should be taken from a different angle. In some cases, a CT scan is required.

Tooth cyst - treatment

Is it possible to cure a tooth cyst Treatment of a tooth cyst can be carried out by different methods. The choice of treatment method depends on the size of the neoplasm and its location. For the treatment of a tooth cyst, one of the methods is chosen:

Therapeutic. This method is used if the tooth cyst has dimensions not exceeding 8 mm, and the structural features of the dental canal allow you to get to the cyst. If a high-quality filling is placed in the dental canal, it will not work to get to the cyst in this way. With the therapeutic method of treatment, the doctor disinfects the tooth, pumps out the pus and fills the vacated cavity with a special paste.
Laser treatment. it innovative way get rid of the cyst. The advantage of this type of treatment is good reaction body for such treatment and rapid recovery of the cleaned cavity.
Surgery. Used in running and severe cases. Removal of a tooth cyst with the help of surgical intervention requires subsequent antibiotic therapy and monitoring of the healing process.

Cyst on the root of the tooth - treatment or removal?

If a patient has been diagnosed with a cyst on the tooth, treatment or removal of the neoplasm should be carried out as soon as possible. Nowadays, the doctor does not have the question of whether it is possible to cure a tooth cyst. Modern technologies allow in the treatment of cysts in most cases to do without tooth extraction. Which method of treatment to choose depends on several factors:

If the cyst is smaller than 8 mm and the tooth has even channels, then the doctor will try to save it. To this end, he may apply therapeutic treatment, including the treatment of cysts and root canal tooth.
If there is a pin in the tooth, a crown is put on the tooth, the disease is accompanied by pain and swelling in the area of the cyst, then the doctor will lean towards tooth extraction.
If there is no way to get to the cyst through the gum, and the dental canals are heavily sealed, then the tooth will have to be removed.

Laser tooth cyst treatment

The use of a laser helps to treat a tooth cyst without removing the dental unit. The patient does not experience pain and discomfort, the cyst cavity is well cleaned and heals quickly. Laser treatment is the prevention of re-formation of the cyst at this site. The disadvantage of this method of treatment is its high price and the lack of this device in most dental clinics.

Laser treatment has the following stages:

Before removing a tooth cyst, dental unit is opened, the seal is removed, the channels are expanded.
A laser is inserted into the channels.
Using the device, the cyst is removed, while the cavity is disinfected.
Particles of tissue decay are removed using a vacuum.

Tooth cyst - operation

If the cyst on the root of the tooth is large, it must be removed surgically. Depending on the specific case, the surgeon-stomatologist chooses one of the types of surgical intervention:

hemisection, in which the resection of the cyst of the tooth is carried out together with a part of the affected root and the cavity of the tooth. Recovery takes several weeks and antibiotic therapy.
Cystectomy in which, to remove the cyst, a lateral incision is made in the gum and the cystic formation and the apex of the root are removed. After removal of the cyst, a suture is applied. The operation is considered traumatic and may have backfire. The healing time depends on the size of the removed cyst and on general health patient.
Cystotomy- consists in opening the cystic cavity and removing its anterior wall. The second wall is connected to the oral cavity. After surgery, careful care of the cystic area, a course of antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary.

Almost everyone has experienced a toothache at least once in their life. When it comes to ordinary caries, then often one visit to the dentist is enough - and the problem will be solved. But there may be more serious pathology, which requires immediate intervention, and sometimes a careful choice of the method of therapy. For example, a tooth cyst, it happens. Then the question arises: is it possible to remove a cyst without removing a tooth? We will try to answer it in as much detail as possible.

it benign tumor, which appears as a response immune system for penetration pathogenic bacteria. The reason for its formation may also be either wrong treatment diseases of the oral cavity.

Most often, a cyst forms in the upper part of the tooth. Unfortunately, to determine the presence of such education in the early stages of development pathological process almost impossible, even when examined by a dentist. For many years, the disease can proceed without showing any signs, and then the question arises sharply: is it possible to cure a tooth cyst without removal?

All doctors will unanimously tell you that such a pathology necessarily requires therapy, otherwise it is possible serious consequences in the form of the appearance of fistulas, and there it is not far from blood poisoning, not to mention the loss of a tooth, or even more than one.

More recently, due to the lack of modern dental equipment, this problem could only be dealt with by a cardinal method - to remove the cyst along with the tooth. But now it is possible to treat a tooth cyst without extraction. Kazan, for example, gladly opened the doors of a clinic for its residents, where experienced craftsmen will relieve you of this problem and preserve bone tissue as much as possible. The clinic is located at the address: Chistopolskaya street, 77/2. You can call ahead and make an appointment.

Therapy without removal

If this formation was detected in the early stages of development, then the dentist may suggest drug therapy. This is possible if a neoplasm has appeared on the root of the tooth from connective tissue but not yet filled with liquid. It's called a granuloma. You can try to get rid of it without the help of surgery. Here's what it looks like:

During a visit to the dentist, a canal is opened to get to the neoplasm on the root of the tooth.
All channels and cavities are well cleaned.
The doctor will definitely put the medicine in order to prevent further reproduction of bacteria.
A temporary filling is placed on top so that the medicine does not fall out, and so that food particles and liquid do not get inside.

The therapy does not end with this visit. The doctor will most often prescribe a course to drink antibacterial drugs to relieve the inflammatory process. Periodically, you will have to visit a doctor to monitor the course of the treatment process.

If the dentist sees that the cyst is gradually resolving and decreasing in size, then the therapy is successful. Otherwise, the question arises: is it possible to cure a tooth cyst without removal?

Indications for cyst removal

When a cyst is at the initial stage of development, it is rather problematic to detect it, this is all its danger. It can develop completely asymptomatically for a long time, the patient will be completely sure that everything is in order with his teeth, until at one fine moment he feels a piercing, sharp pain. You can also observe the following symptoms:

Increase in body temperature.
Desna and
General well-being getting worse.
Appears headache from cyst formation.
Lymph nodes increase in size.

Removing a cyst without removing a tooth or together with it is simply necessary, since it injures not only the tooth on the root of which it has formed, but also neighboring ones. Growing, it displaces them, injures the roots. Human immunity suffers, as well as almost all important organs.

Drug therapy in such cases will no longer give effective results, so you will have to resort to surgical intervention. But you should not worry about this: now dentists know how to cure a tooth cyst without removal. If the tooth itself is not destroyed, then the doctor will in no case remove it.

How to cure a tooth cyst without extraction?

Modern medicine every year is moving further and further in mastering the latest methods of treatment and prosthetics of teeth. Now, with any pathology, tooth extraction is carried out only if its crown cannot be restored.

A cyst for modern dentists is also not big problem, most often one visit to the doctor is enough to cope with this pathology. Removing a cyst without removing a tooth is much easier to do than to identify this disease. The thing is that a cyst can only be recognized on an x-ray, and such a direction is given only in emergency cases.

Treatment methods for cysts without tooth extraction

When a patient comes to the dentist with complaints of the above symptoms, during the examination, the doctor determines the degree of soft tissue damage and the location of the neoplasm. After that, it decides whether it is possible to treat a tooth cyst without extraction. In the arsenal of dentists there are several methods of such therapy:

Therapeutic treatment.
Surgical.
Laser.

Each has its own advantages and disadvantages, but the choice will depend on the severity of the pathology.

Let us analyze in detail each method of cyst therapy.

Therapeutic treatment

This type of therapy is carried out through the root canal. The tooth does not suffer at all after such treatment. It is believed that this method of dealing with a cyst is the safest. Here are the steps to go through:

The doctor removes the pulp.
The top of the formation is cut off, and all the purulent contents are pumped out of it.
The entire cavity is treated with an antiseptic preparation.
Inside, the doctor places a healing paste, which helps to accelerate cell regeneration.
Setting a temporary filling so that food does not get inside.

Removal of a cyst without removing a tooth can also be carried out in another therapeutic way:

The tooth canal is opened and completely cleared of pus.
Copper-calcium oxide is poured into the cavity and a weak electrical effect is exerted on it.

As a result of this procedure, the substance in the cavity moves and is distributed over the entire surface, removing most bacterial cells. For one such procedure, it will not be possible to completely cope with the pathology, you will have to do it several times.

After some time, the patient comes for a second appointment, and the doctor, removing it, assesses the degree of healing. If the process goes as planned, then after a while it will be possible to put permanent filling and forget about the problem.

Removal of a cyst surgically

We have already noted that the cyst is an insidious neoplasm, because at the first stages of its development it does not show any signs at all and does not bother the patient. Diagnosis of a tumor in the later stages forces dentists to resort to surgical intervention to help the sick. Treatment of a tooth cyst without removal in Vitebsk, for example, can be carried out qualitatively at the dental center "Dentamari". Experienced Specialists using modern equipment and the latest technology, save their patients from suffering and remove the cyst quickly and painlessly.

To remove a neoplasm, dentists use several methods:

Cystotomy. During such a procedure, the doctor partially removes the shell of the neoplasm so that the removal of purulent contents is possible. As a rule, this method is resorted to when the cyst is quite large, or there is a risk of damage to neighboring tissues. All manipulations are carried out under local anesthesia, so the patient will not experience discomfort.
Cystectomy is complete removal cysts. Patients can be calm: the procedure, unlike other methods, is painless, and the tooth will remain intact and intact.
Resection. During the use of this technique, the doctor removes the cyst and part of the apex of the tooth root on which it was located. Only a true master of his craft can do the job. If treatment of a tooth cyst without extraction is required, Ryazan can boast of such specialists, for example, in the Lyudmila clinic.
If during the examination it is found that the root of the tooth is badly damaged, then it is better to carry out a hemisection when the cyst is removed along with the tooth. This is more reasonable, since the infection, remaining in the tissues, will lead to an inflammatory process. It is possible to carry out a complete restoration after the removal of a tooth cyst, so the patient's smile will not suffer.

Cyst removal procedure

The operation to remove the cyst requires some preparation, so if there is no particular urgency, the doctor and the patient discuss the time of removal of the neoplasm. Although the procedure will be performed under anesthesia, it is still an operation with an incision in the gums and removal of the nerve, so bleeding is possible. To reduce the risk of developing unwanted effects the patient is advised to:

Do not drink alcohol the day before the operation.
Reduce the number of cigarettes you smoke.
Avoid caffeinated drinks.

You should not refuse food, on the contrary, before going to the hospital, you need to eat, because then it will not be possible to do this for some time.

The work of a dentist will consist of the following stages:

X-rays are used to determine the exact location of the cyst. This can be done with computed tomography.
Anesthesia is given.
After the pain relief has taken effect, the doctor will drill a hole in the tooth and remove the nerve.
The next step is a thorough cleaning of the channels and treatment with antiseptic agents.
The seal is installed.
Next, the doctor makes an incision in the gum and removes the cyst along with the root or only part of it.
The resulting cavity is filled with plasma from the patient's blood or a special biological substance.
The wound is sutured.

Carrying out a cystectomy

Removing a tooth cyst without surgery is not always possible, so cystectomy is performed quite often if you want to get rid of such a neoplasm. For the procedure, the doctor will need ultra-thin instruments, dental optics and a laser, which is used to sterilize the cavity. You can use ultrasound for this purpose.

The whole operation is as follows:

Local anesthesia is performed.
The dentist drills a hole in the tooth to clean the root canals.
A micro-camera is inserted into the prepared cavity, and the exact location of the cyst can be seen on the monitor.
By using special devices the doctor cleans the dental canals and makes them wider.
Next, the cyst is opened and its contents are removed.
All surfaces are treated with a laser to destroy bacteria.
An antiseptic is injected into the cyst.
After all, you can fill the canals and start restoring the tooth.

It takes about an hour for all manipulations by the doctor. After the operation, the patient remains in the chair for some time so that his condition can be monitored, and then he goes home. As a rule, a second visit to the dentist is not needed, since under the influence of the injected medication, the cyst will finally resolve. If you live in Moscow and you need treatment of a tooth cyst without extraction, VAO (Vostochny administrative District) opens doors for its residents medical center on Sirenevy Boulevard, 32. Experienced specialists will do everything quickly and efficiently.

Using a laser to remove a cyst

Modern dental clinics can offer their patients alternative method- This is the removal of a tooth cyst with a laser. This procedure is carried out using laser therapy. The method is completely painless, moreover, it is possible to cope with the tumor quickly and effectively.

The procedure is carried out as follows:

The root canal is released.
A laser is introduced into it, which destroys the shell of the neoplasm and burns the wall, disinfecting it.

Treatment of a tooth cyst without laser removal has its advantages:

To remove the neoplasm, no preparation is required.
Relapses are practically excluded.
After such removal, the patient recovers very quickly.

Of course, one can also note the disadvantages: firstly, this is a high cost of the procedure, so not all patients can afford it, and secondly, the possibility of using this method only in the presence of a small tumor.

Traditional medicine against cysts

You can try to treat a tooth cyst without removal, folk remedies. They will help relieve swelling, dissolve the tumor. As such, you can offer the following recipes:

Salt water use. To do this, take 250 ml boiled water and add 1 tsp. salt or soda. Rinse several times a day. This will help relieve pain.
Prepare an infusion by taking 1 tablespoon horsetail, sage, eucalyptus, thyme, chamomile and calendula. Pour boiling water over and leave for about 4 hours. Use for rinsing 2 times a day.
You can use alcohol infusions for disinfection, but they can increase pain. It is also necessary to remember that such infusions are allowed to be used only by adults.
known antiseptic properties hydrogen peroxide, so it can be used for rinsing, but first diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 1.
Lemon juice, when diluted 1:1 with water, can also be used as a rinse after every meal. It will relieve swelling and remove redness. It is necessary to be careful with this remedy for those who are allergic to citrus fruits.
Garlic is very popular in the fight against cysts. Use it in the form of rubbing into the gums. In the first moments, severe pain will appear, but then it will be felt less and less. The disinfecting properties of garlic are known, so its use will not harm.
You can use essential oil as a remedy, it is best to choose almonds or mint. They cope well with the infection and relieve pain. You can buy it at any pharmacy and use it for rinsing several times a day.

When starting to treat cysts with the help of folk remedies, it is important to be aware that such therapy may not always help. Visible relief may hide further development neoplasms. At the first signs of pathology, it is better to visit a competent specialist who will recognize the problem and offer the most effective method getting rid of her. A cyst is an insidious formation, and if you do not pay attention to it, but relieve pain with painkillers and rinses, after a while it can spread from one tooth to the next one. So is it worth putting yourself at risk of losing several teeth at once, if you can immediately contact a doctor for medical help?

Having heard the diagnosis “tooth cyst” from the doctor, we begin to mentally prepare for the operation. If the dentist found a cyst, you really have to go through a trip to the surgeon, but this does not mean at all that the patient will be left without a tooth. Levin Dmitry Valerievich, chief physician Center for Private Dentistry, Dr. Levin knows how to necessary treatment, getting rid of only the cyst, saving the tooth itself.

Treatment methods for tooth cysts

Some experts claim that they can treat a tooth cyst without removal - simply by pumping out the purulent fluid from the neoplasm cavity. In one famous medical institution per similar procedure they take from 30,000 rubles and present it all as the latest technique. However, do not believe empty promises! Six months later, pus and inflammation reappear. Thus, it turns out that the patient is again and again forced to pay a lot of money for a dubious service. Understand, it is unprofitable for “specialists” who receive a regular income from this to cure a person, but it is beneficial to treat him endlessly.

Meanwhile, in order to get rid of a tooth cyst once and for all, it is necessary, firstly, to correctly treat the dental canals, and secondly, to remove all infected tissues, and not just pump out the pus. However, only in the most extreme cases tooth extraction required! The specialists of our center are able to treat a complex multi-channel tooth in just three visits. Only after the end of endodontic treatment, which is necessarily carried out under a microscope, the patient becomes available to the surgeon. And this whole set of measures, which will save you once and for all from the problem, costs significantly less than one-time dubious procedures.

Treatment of a tooth cyst without extraction

It is not possible to carry out tooth-preserving removal of a cyst in only one situation - if we are talking about the formation formed on the surface of the wisdom tooth. Such complex cases are quite rare and are accompanied by severe pain. Here, the removal of the cyst on the tooth is carried out in a radical way. In other cases, tooth-preserving techniques are used - this is an immutable rule. Therefore, before you go to a doctor who offers to pull out a tooth with a cyst, think a hundred times. Perhaps it is simply beneficial and convenient, since then implantation can be offered. Implant placement is best technique to restore lost teeth, but all over the world, tooth-preserving principles are dominant in dental treatment. If the doctor can save the tooth, it is his medical duty to do so.

Surgery to remove a tooth cyst

There are three ways to remove a cyst - cystotomy, hemisection and cystectomy.

Cystotomy

Cystotomy is used for cysts large sizes. The doctor removes only those parts of the formation that do not come into contact with the vessels, after which he installs an obturator in the resulting cavity - a device that prevents tissue fusion. After some time, the remaining section of the cyst connects with the epithelium of the oral cavity, changes its structure and ceases to be dangerous to the body.

hemisection

Removal of the cyst of the tooth root is carried out by means of hemisection. During the operation, the formation, one of the roots and the crown part adjacent to it are removed. The resulting space is restored orthopedic design. However, the above method is quite traumatic, therefore it is considered obsolete.

Cystectomy

In our dentistry, the operation to remove a tooth cyst is carried out using the most modern technique - cystectomy. The method allows once and for all to remove the neoplasm without affecting healthy dental tissues. The operation to remove a tooth cyst takes place under local anesthesia in a surgical room and involves the use of a microscope. First, the specialist determines exactly where the formation is located in the patient, “opens” it, cleans the contents with special tools, leaves an antiseptic inside and sews it up. After some time, the cavity remaining after the operation heals on its own, which does not require additional replanting of bone blocks. Cystectomy takes 15 to 40 minutes, depending on the size of the cyst and the bone structure. An hour after the operation, the patient can go home.

Laser tooth cyst treatment

The laser has only one plus - it perfectly cleans the treated area from infection. However, sterility can be achieved by other less expensive methods - the use of ultrasound and special preparations. Moreover, the removal of a tooth cyst with a laser, given the feedback from patients, is accompanied by a characteristic smell of burnt meat, which is not very pleasant. You also need to consider that there may be burns.

Treatment of cysts with folk remedies

Perhaps some folk poultices help relieve pain, but the treatment of cysts with folk remedies will not be effective. A tooth cyst cannot be cured - it can only be removed. It's not worth it to be afraid. Removing a tooth cyst is an absolutely painless, quick and uncomplicated procedure, of course, if a professional takes up the matter.

If you do not treat a tooth cyst

An unoperated cyst will first destroy the infected tooth, and then spread to the next. Education can also be reborn as malignant tumor 15 to 20 years after its appearance. Therefore, you should not think about whether it is necessary to remove a tooth cyst. Instead, you need to urgently consult a doctor for timely treatment, which will relieve unwanted complications.

Where to remove a tooth cyst in Moscow?

If you are concerned about such a problem, then I invite you to visit the Center for Private Dentistry Dr. Levin to remove a tooth cyst. At your service the best specialists in this area, all the necessary modern equipment, low prices and convenient location in the heart of the capital. I am absolutely confident in the high quality of the work of the doctors of our center, therefore, as already mentioned, I am not afraid to give a lifetime guarantee for all types of treatment.

Price surgical removal tooth cysts consists of the cost of endodontist and surgeon services. Unlike other clinics, in our dentistry this does not require any impressive costs from patients. Endodontic treatment with the obligatory use of a microscope (do not believe those who offer treatment without it), including anesthesia, materials, etc., costs only 7,000 rubles. Separately, the surgeon's services are paid directly for the removal of the cyst - about 12,000 rubles, which is quite cheap for Moscow. This cost includes all surgical procedures, follow-up visits and medical support. The guarantee for treatment at the "Center for Private Dentistry "Doctor Levin"" is lifetime.

A tooth cyst is a neoplasm that resembles a capsule in shape and is localized in the jaw bone tissue, mainly in the region of the apex of the root canal of the affected tooth. A tooth cyst, the symptoms of which in most cases appear only within late stage This pathology, as certain classifications indicate, is inextricably linked with granuloma, which, in turn, acts as a previous process.

general description

In contrast to the indicated granuloma, the cyst of the tooth is a larger formation in size, while it acts as a frequent result of inflammation that occurs in the area of the root of the tooth affected by it. As already noted, the tooth cyst resembles a capsule in shape, this capsule contains inflammatory exudate. The cause of its occurrence can be both an infection and an injury to a patient. In this way, the body provides localization inflammatory process, which manifests itself in the formation of a dense type of membrane near the infected dead cells, due to which, in turn, healthy tissues are isolated from the progressive spread of the infection. The dimensions of the formed capsule are on average about 0.5 cm, however, its dimensions can be several centimeters. In this case, a figure up to 0.5 cm determines the granuloma, and its increase in size, respectively, a cyst.

It can be assumed that such a process, which occurs when the body independently provides itself with protection, does not carry anything dangerous. However, this is not at all the case, because the symptoms of a tooth cyst require an appropriate approach in order to avoid complications that may otherwise appear in the form of cyst transformation even in cancerous tumor, not to mention a number of others, no less serious complications appearing against its background.

Often, patients have a question related to the characteristics of the growth of the cyst, or rather, about how quickly it grows. This formation does not appear suddenly, its appearance is preceded by a long formation and growth, respectively, “immediately” it does not appear, unless, of course, the oral cavity is periodically examined by a specialist for pathologies related to the dentition.

Tooth cyst: causes

The main reason provoking the development of a tooth cyst is an infection, whose development began due to untreated caries, in addition, inflammatory processes are also isolated, which are concentrated within the sub-crown region. It can also provoke the development of a cyst chronic periodontitis(which defines such a pathology as a radicular cyst). A wisdom tooth cyst that presents with symptoms as a result of a complicated eruption process is defined as a periodontal cyst.

In some cases, a tooth cyst develops in the maxillary sinus, the causes of its occurrence are determined on the basis of certain studies of this formation. Predominantly, its appearance provokes the presence in the oral cavity chronic infection, however, if the cyst was not formed because of this, then any conclusions in this regard are already made on the basis of the results of the measures of medical and recreational therapy applied to the teeth. Against the background of sinusitis, patients sometimes have a cyst on the front tooth. This pathology is accompanied by infection through the bloodstream, as a result, the cyst begins to grow with the formation of a watery cavity, and this, in turn, causes thinning of the dental bone tissue.

This process does not bypass children, especially newborn babies - they often have milk teeth with purulent cysts, they are also called Bon's nodes. The formation of such cysts occurs in the region of the gingival plate in the place where milk teeth first form, and then permanent teeth. In the future, if there are residual effects after the cyst, they can provoke various types tumor formations. Remarkably, a cyst in an infant is in some cases mistaken for an erupting tooth. Here, one should take into account at least the fact that cysts are usually whitish, and their focus does not change in size. Needs for special treatment in this case, no, because the removal of a tooth cyst in this case will occur independently, due to friction between the gums.

Again, trauma or improperly performed manipulations in terms of dental treatment - all this can also lead to the appearance of a tooth cyst. The reasons for its appearance include the following:

(inflammatory process in which there is damage to the periodontal tissues);
pulpitis (an inflammatory process in which the nerve bundle of the tooth is affected);
periodontitis (inflammatory process with concomitant damage to the periodontal tissues);
dislocation of the tooth;
diseases of the nasopharynx in the chronic form of the course (runny nose, sinusitis, tonsillitis, etc.);
caries;
SARS;
weakened immunity;
smoking, etc.

In an inconspicuous form of manifestation, the cyst can become aggravated, which occurs, in particular, with stress, hypothermia, with physical or mental overload, and some other factors of influence. Remarkably, under the influence of these factors, the growth of the cyst becomes particularly intense.

It should be noted that greatest risk regarding the development of the pathological process we are considering, although it is determined for teeth that have previously undergone filling or for teeth with crowns, in some cases it is possible to develop it in a tooth that has outwardly quite healthy look. Already for this reason timely treatment cysts becomes possible when patients follow the recommendation regarding the obligatory visit to the doctor at least once a year.

Tooth cyst: symptoms

The disease in question is especially dangerous because its first signs appear at the stage when this formation reaches a significant size. The early stages of cyst formation proceed without symptoms.

As we have already noted, the cyst does not appear immediately, but gradually, forming over many days or even weeks. Accordingly, the appearance of the first symptoms may become noticeable. Signs to look out for include the following:

pain in the jaw that does not have a specific area of localization;
the appearance of discomfort in the process of chewing food;
gum swelling.

Also, within the projection of the root of the tooth, a tubercle is formed, over time it changes in size and gradually protrudes - this is how the cyst itself manifests itself. Also, in the future, a flux may develop, a fistulous tract may form.

With the subsequent growth of the cyst, the following manifestations of symptoms can be provoked:

weakness;
enlarged lymph nodes;
elevated temperature.

As we have already noted, the symptomatology manifests itself mainly in the late stage of the process of cyst formation, that is, precisely when it becomes large enough. If it has sprouted to the maxillary sinus, then in this case the symptoms are accompanied by severe headaches.

Such a symptom as toothache does not appear as intensely with a cyst as with other diseases (for example, with caries), its manifestation, again, is relevant to consider when the process reaches a late stage in the development. Pronounced manifestations of symptoms are noted in a situation where this process has reached inflammation of the tooth cyst. It is here that pain appears in the affected tooth, the development in it acute form inflammation and flux. As a rule, it is the aggravation of the cyst that leads to the fact that it is already difficult to ignore.

Complications

If a cyst is not detected in time, it gradually grows, due to which the bone tissue is destroyed while being replaced by formations based on connective tissue. Complications of a tooth cyst in this case can cause the loss of this tooth. As for other complications, most often they include the following pathologies:

melting of the jaw bone tissue due to the gradual growth of the cyst;
inflammation of the lymph nodes;
purulent form of cyst inflammation;
development of periostitis or osteomyelitis due to exposure to the background chronic inflammation;
development chronic form sinusitis due to germination of cysts in the maxillary sinuses;
the formation of an abscess on the cheek or on the gum due to purulent inflammation, which is relevant both with a cyst and with a granuloma preceding it;
the appearance of phlegmon of the neck due to the long course of purulent inflammation;
development of sepsis with concomitant blood poisoning;
fracture of the jaw of a spontaneous nature, occurring due to a significant growth of the cyst with actual thinning of the bone in the region of the base of the jaw.

As you can see, complications in some variants of their manifestation are very serious, therefore, in the case when a tooth cyst hurts, it is imperative to resort to medical care, because such pain may indicate the onset of purulent inflammation. The smell of pus in the nose should also alert - this may indicate the onset of an inflammatory purulent process in the maxillary sinuses.

Diagnostics

The only reliable method for detecting a tooth cyst is the method of X-ray examination. A snapshot of a tooth cyst in this case will determine the presence of an oval or rounded dark spot with clear outlines. Basically, the cyst focuses on the root of the tooth, more precisely, on its top, it will not be difficult to determine it in the picture. The only exception to this diagnostic method in the presence of a cyst is the variant in which it is not visible on the x-ray, which happens if the tooth root is not completely within the scope x-ray, and the cyst, respectively, is somewhat beyond its border. In this case, a second picture is taken while focusing on another area that covers the entire root system of the tooth, which is suspicious of the presence of a pathological process in it.

Tooth cyst: treatment

In the treatment of tooth cysts, two main directions are used, these are therapeutic treatment and surgical treatment. Early detection education within early stage the course of the process relevant to him determines the possibility of using therapeutic, that is, conservative treatment. This treatment option is possible with cysts in diameter not exceeding 8 mm.

Drug treatment of cysts is reduced to carrying out antiseptic treatment followed by tooth cleaning and filling. As an alternative drug therapy depophoresis can be used. In this case, a copper-calcium suspension is introduced into the root canal with subsequent exposure to electric current (at low power) on the tooth.

Antibiotics for a tooth cyst in some cases can be prescribed as helper method treatment aimed at preventing the formation of the inflammatory process and its subsequent spread. As an independent and the only method An antibiotic cannot be used to treat a cyst (meaning the exclusion of the option of visiting a doctor), because, in principle, there is no drug that would completely get rid of it.

Primarily, cysts are treated surgical method, which is explained by the rarity of diagnosing it within the framework of initial stages, under which it is permissible to use only methods conservative therapy without the need for surgical intervention.

Removal of a tooth cyst is performed when it reaches a significant size. Remarkably, relatively recently this action was carried out only after the removal of the affected tooth, but now a number of methods are being used to achieve the removal of this formation without the need for such a radical action. When removing a tooth cyst, anesthesia is used, so the process is not accompanied by pain. Removal of a cyst with a tooth can be done only in extreme cases, with a complicated course of the process (germination of the roots of the tooth into the cyst or complete destruction of the tooth, up to the roots), but mainly attempts are made to save the tooth.

The main methods of surgical treatment:

Cystectomy. This method is focused on the removal of a tooth cyst along with its root canal. So the cyst is removed completely, with the capture of the shell and the upper part of the tooth root that has been affected. The wound is then sutured and antibiotics are prescribed. antiseptic solutions for subsequent rinsing. If the tooth is single-rooted, then it is sealed, if it is multi-rooted, then it is removed.
Cystotomy. This method consists in removing the anterior wall of the formation, due to which the cyst communicates with the oral cavity. Flaw this method is the long postoperative period.
Hemisection. In this case, not only the cyst of the tooth is removed, but also its root, in combination with the part of the tooth crown that has been affected.

A separate item should be the treatment of tooth cysts with a laser. In this case, the cyst is removed without any difficulties and pain. Moreover, the process not only removes this formation, but also disinfects the affected area, thereby guaranteeing the prevention of the growth of pathogenic bacteria in this area and their subsequent spread. The wound after this type of intervention heals quickly enough, complications in the vast majority of cases do not develop.

When symptoms appear that indicate possible presence tooth cysts, you need to visit the dentist.

Is everything correct in the article from a medical point of view?

Answer only if you have proven medical knowledge

- This is a disease in which a formation appears at the top of the tooth root in the form of a round cavity in the bone tissue in a fibrous membrane, from the inside of which there is pus. main reason the appearance of a cyst - the presence of infection in the root canals.

Today we will tell you what this disease is, learn how to treat a cyst and what folk remedies exist for treating a tooth cyst, as well as how to remove a tooth cyst and much more.

Types of dental cysts and their symptoms

The cyst is distinguished by the place of occurrence, and also depending on the cause of the appearance.

So, depending on localization the cyst may affect:

wisdom teeth;
maxillary sinus;

BUT depending on the causes, the cyst is of the following types:

eruption cyst that occurs in children;
paradental;
follicular;
radicular;
primary;
residual.

Often a cyst is confused with a granuloma, however, these diseases, although they have similar signs, but have different reasons occurrence. Granuloma is an inflammation of the periodontium, due to its connective tissue cells begin to grow, while becoming inflamed.

As for the symptoms of a dental cyst, they can often be overlooked, and the treatment is already prescribed after an x-ray or during an examination and is removal using surgery or a laser.

Sign of a cyst a tooth can be pain when biting or pressure on the gums. This concerns the detection of the disease at an early stage, but the symptoms that are already characteristic of the late stage, according to which the disease can be unambiguously identified and urgently prescribed treatment, are as follows:

ever-increasing nagging pain in the teeth, which does not go away even when exposed to painkillers or folk remedies;
swelling and swelling on the gums around the diseased tooth, as well as pain in the roots;
malaise and fever;
headache;
suppuration and flux.

Pus in the cyst is formed more actively during the period of reduced immunity, and pain can appear absolutely suddenly.

Causes of a dental cyst

Among the reasons causing this disease, distinguish the following:

The disease is typical not only for adults, but also for children. But in most cases, in children, when the roots of the teeth erupt, they go away on their own, since the gums actively rub against each other.

Another one cause of the cyst- This is a consequence of tooth extraction and the appearance of infection. To prevent infection of the cavity after tooth extraction, you should drink a course of antibiotics.

As in other cases, a cyst of this kind is difficult to recognize on early phases, and then it begins to grow in place of the missing tooth, it is accompanied by flux or periostitis.

Treatment in this case can be different: from the removal of pus and ending with the removal of neighboring teeth.

What is the risk of late detection?

Naturally than earlier disease found, the easier the treatment will be and the less consequences it can provoke, which is why, if necessary, the formation should be removed. So, against the background of a cyst in a late stage the following ailments may appear:

As you can see, many of the consequences are very dangerous for a person, so it is very important to identify the presence of a cyst in the teeth before it grows.

Dental cyst treatment methods

Exist different methods of treatment this disease, they are used depending on the degree of damage to the tooth by the cyst. So, a therapeutic method, laser treatment, treatment with folk remedies and removal of a cyst can be used. Let's look at each method in detail.

Therapeutic treatment of dental cysts

This method is the treatment of the tooth with an antiseptic, cleaning and filling. It is effective in such cases as:

the absence of fillings on the root canals that prevent access to the cyst;
poorly sealed root canal;
the diameter of the cyst is not more than 8 mm.

The doctor must have access to the cyst through a root canal. First, he disinfects with special means, then pumps out the pus, and fills the cavity with a paste to form new bone tissue. Next, the root canal is sealed and the crown is closed with a filling.

The dangers of this type of treatment are frequent relapses Therefore, after the procedure, you need to periodically visit a doctor for the purpose of examination.

Treatment with a laser

laser method treatment of the total formation - the most painless, also due to the removal of the cyst laser method there are practically no complications.

This type of treatment includes the following steps:

opening of the tooth and expansion of the canals;
introduction of a laser;
decontamination inflammation and removal.

The advantages of such treatment and removal are obvious, but there are also back side. First of all, it is a high cost laser treatment, as well as the lack of equipment in most clinics, as well as the need to remove the formation.

In addition, after the procedure, you can not drink and eat for four hours, which can cause a number of inconveniences.

Video: laser cyst treatment

Operative method of treatment

Education delete operational method , in the following cases:

in the presence of a pin in the root canal;
in the presence of a crown;
if the cyst is larger than 8 mm in diameter;
with swollen gums.

Remove the cyst local anesthesia, in some cases can remove and neighboring tooth, for example, if its roots have sprouted into it, or if it is completely destroyed.

After removal, it is forbidden to put warming compress so that bad germs can't multiply and you don't get an infection. It is also impossible to drink aspirin after removal for pain relief, so as not to provoke bleeding.

Improvement is usually observed half a day after removal, if the condition does not improve, then consult a doctor again.

Naturally, folk remedies cannot be key in the treatment, but they can be used in the presence of the first symptoms of the disease or in order to prevent it.

Most common folk method treatment this disease- this is herbal rinse such as calendula, yarrow, chamomile, sage and others. Herbs help get rid of acute pain and disinfect the oral cavity. The decoction should be taken only in concentrated form at the rate of 2 tablespoons of herbs per cup of boiled water.

An excellent remedy for relieving inflammation is warm salt water. She needs to rinse the mouth for two minutes in order to penetrate the solution into the blood. You can also brew herbs in salt water, so the effect will increase.

To reduce the amount harmful bacteria, accept Sesame oil. It can be taken in pure form or combined with taking a solution of hydrogen peroxide.

Among the most popular folk remedies used for the treatment of this disease call it garlic. It is chopped or grated and then applied to the cyst to kill germs.

It is also considered effective myrrh essential oil which is used as a tincture. To prepare it, dilute about twenty drops of oil in a glass of water, and then rinse your mouth with this tincture for thirty seconds several times a day.

Often folk treatment includes the use of alcohol tinctures. In particular, they can be used to disinfect oral cavity and relieve pain. Medicinal herbs can also be infused with alcohol, for example, to make horseradish, as well as tincture based on calendula, ficus or aloe.

To relieve pain after surgery to remove, every time after waking up chew kalanchoe leaf , retaining the juice secreted by the plant in the mouth, so the wound will heal faster after removal.

How to reduce the risk of illness

Of course, you cannot protect yourself one hundred percent from the appearance of this disease, but you can take a number of measures to reduce the risk of cysts on the tooth:

Such simple rules help you reduce your chances of getting this disease. If you have been diagnosed with it, then remember that its timely treatment or removal will save you from possible negative consequences.

Expert opinion

A tooth cyst is not a pleasant disease that is asymptomatic. The cyst may grow and develop in the bone for several years before the patient becomes aware of the presence of this formation. The most common recommendation by dentists when a cyst is found is tooth extraction. However, German dentists have developed a way to treat cysts without removing the tooth. Using this technique it is possible to carry out a modern and quality treatment, which leads to the regeneration of bone tissue and the cyst disappears without a trace. Treatment of a tooth cyst with a laser for Russia new technique However, in Europe this method has been used for more than 5 years. One of the best European manufacturers medical equipment, SIEMENS has created a laser that helps dentists around the world save teeth with a cyst. Our clinic has the most extensive experience in Russia and the CIS countries in the treatment of tooth cysts with a laser, since we were the first to use this method in Moscow. Over 5 years of successful use of the SIEMENS laser, we have treated more than 2500 tooth cysts different size and localization, which allows us to assert that there is no need to remove a tooth with a cyst, it can be cured and it will last for many years!

Ozerov Petr Vladimirovich, chief physician of the Bionic Dentis clinic, Moscow.

Read on our site on the treatment of tooth cysts with a laser, in which you will learn all the details about modern treatment cyst.