Histamine structural formula. Histamine is a drug. Cardiovascular system and histamine

Histamine is a biologically active substance involved in the regulation of many functions of the body and is one of the main factors in the development of some pathological conditions- in particular, allergic reactions.

Where does histamine come from?

Histamine in the body is synthesized from histidine - one of the amino acids, which is integral component squirrel. In not active state it is a part of many tissues and organs (skin, lungs, intestines), where it is contained in special mast cells(histiocytes).

Under the influence of some factors, the transition of histamine to active form and release from the cells into the general circulation, where it exerts its physiological action. Factors leading to the activation and release of histamine can be trauma, burns, stress, the action of certain medicinal substances, immune complexes, radiation, etc.

In addition to the "own" (synthesized) substance, it is possible to obtain histamine in food. These are cheeses and sausages, some types of fish, alcoholic beverages, etc. The production of histamine often occurs under the action of bacteria, so there is a lot of it in long-term stored products, especially at insufficiently low temperatures.

Certain foods can stimulate the production of endogenous (internal) histamine - eggs, strawberries.

The biological action of histamine

Active histamine, which enters the bloodstream under the influence of any of the factors, has a quick and powerful effect on many organs and systems.

Main effects of histamine:

• Spasm of smooth (involuntary) muscles in the bronchi and intestines (this is manifested, respectively, by abdominal pain, diarrhea, respiratory failure).
• The secretion of the “stress” hormone adrenaline from the adrenal glands, which increases blood pressure and increases the heart rate.
• Increased production of digestive juices and secretion of mucus in the bronchi and nasal cavity.
• The effect on the vessels is manifested by the narrowing of large and the expansion of small ones. circulatory pathways, increasing the permeability of the capillary network. Consequence - swelling of the mucosa respiratory tract, hyperemia of the skin, the appearance of a papular (nodular) rash on it, a drop in pressure, headache.
• Histamine in the blood large quantities can cause anaphylactic shock, in which convulsions develop, loss of consciousness, vomiting against the background sharp drop pressure. This state life-threatening and requires emergency care.

Histamine and Allergy

A special role is given to histamine in the external manifestations of allergic reactions.

In any of these reactions, the interaction of the antigen and antibodies occurs. An antigen is a substance that has already entered the body at least once and caused the occurrence of hypersensitivity. Special memory cells store data about the antigen, other cells (plasma cells) synthesize special protein molecules - antibodies (immunoglobulins). Antibodies have a strict correspondence - they are able to react only with a given antigen.

The subsequent intake of the antigen into the body causes an attack of antibodies that “attack” the antigen molecules in order to neutralize them. Immune complexes are formed - an antigen and antibodies fixed on it. Such complexes have the ability to settle on mast cells, which contain histamine in an inactive form inside special granules.

The next stage of the allergic reaction is the transition of histamine to its active form and the release from the granules into the blood (the process is called mast cell degranulation). When the concentration in the blood reaches a certain threshold, biological action histamine mentioned above.

Reactions involving histamine are possible, similar to allergic reactions, but they are not really allergic (they lack antigen-antibody interaction). This may be in the case of a large amount of histamine intake with food. Another option is the direct effect of certain products (more precisely, the substances that make up them) on mast cells with the release of histamine.

Histamine receptors

Histamine exerts its effect by influencing special receptors located on the surface of cells. Simplified, you can compare its molecules with keys, and receptors with the locks that they unlock.

There are three subgroups of receptors, the impact on each of which causes its own physiological effects.

Histamine receptor groups:

1. H 1 receptors are found in the cells of smooth (involuntary) muscles, the inner lining of blood vessels and in the nervous system. Their irritation is external manifestations allergies (bronchospasm, edema, skin rashes, abdominal pain, etc.). The action of antiallergic drugs - antihistamines(diphenhydramine, diazolin, suprastin, etc.) - consists in blocking H 1 receptors and eliminating the effect of histamine on them.
2. H 2 -receptors contained in the membranes of the parietal cells of the stomach (those that produce hydrochloric acid). Drugs from the H 2 blocker group are used in the treatment peptic ulcer stomach, because they suppress the production of hydrochloric acid. There are several generations of such drugs (cimetidine, famotidine, roxatidine, etc.).
3. H 3 -receptors located in the nervous system, where they participate in the conduction nerve impulse. The effect on the H 3 receptors of the brain explains the calming effect of diphenhydramine (sometimes this side effect is used as the main one). Often this action is undesirable - for example, when driving a vehicle, it is necessary to take into account possible drowsiness and a decrease in the reaction after taking antiallergic drugs. Currently, antihistamines have been developed with a reduced sedative (calming) effect or its total absence(astemizole, loratadine, etc.).

Histamine in medicine

The natural production of histamine in the body and its intake with food play an important role in the manifestation of many diseases, especially allergic ones. It has been noted that allergy sufferers have an increased content of histamine in many tissues: this can be considered one of the genetic reasons hypersensitivity.

Histamine is used as remedy in the treatment of some neurological diseases, rheumatism, in diagnostics, etc.

However, in most cases medical measures aimed at combating unwanted effects caused by histamine.

The concept of "histamine" is well known to those people who had to deal with an allergic reaction to something in their lives and take antihistamines. Therefore, many people think that histamine is itself. However, this is a misconception.

What it is

Histamine was first synthesized in 1907. When it comes to biological matter pure form, then it is a colorless crystal that can be dissolved in water or ethanol.

In general, it is a mediator of allergic reactions. The secretion of this biologically active substance is histidine.

In its normal state, in which it is always found in the body, this component is found in almost all cells. Science named it the histiocyte. It is then that it is safe and does no harm. If some factors influence it, it is able to activate and concentrate in the blood in large quantities.

At its core, it is a tissue hormone. Its main task is to report a problem in the body if there is a threat to health. The protection mechanism itself activates many systems. Therefore, knowledge of this system will help to understand true reasons allergies caused by nervoses, intolerance to certain products, reactions to stressful situations.

Today, the cause of a number of problems is excessive activity This biological substance, against which diseases develop, reduces immunity. At the same time, the person feels bad, but visible reasons that is not.

Histamine shows its activity if there are catalysts that provoke it to action. These factors include:

• trauma;
• burns;
• frostbite;
• stress;
• exposure;
• adverse reaction from taking medications;

The presence of a synthesized tissue hormone in the blood can be observed due to the consumption of certain foods. It is also abundant in frozen foods. At low temperatures occurs in food increased amount substances.

Biological action and functions in the body

If a substance in an active state enters the bloodstream, then it has a strong effect on all human organs. Changes begin from its overabundance:

• breathing becomes difficult, bronchial spasms are possible;
• there is an upset stomach;
• adrenaline is released, which causes the heart to beat faster;
• the process of digestion is accelerated;
• pressure drops, headaches begin;
• at a high concentration in the blood, anaphylactic shock can occur - the pressure drops sharply, the person loses consciousness, convulsions and vomiting are possible.

Main Functions chemical, which interacts with almost all organs, is a number of important life processes:

1. Regulates blood supply in organs and tissues. If a person works hard physically, then there may be a lack of oxygen in the muscles. This is where histamine comes into play. It causes the capillaries to expand, which leads to an increase in the flow of blood and oxygen.
2. Regulates the acidity of the stomach, in the mucosa of which it acts as a mediator. Stimulates cells capable of producing hydrochloric acid.
3. Regulates inflammation in the body.
4. nervous regulation. Histamine keeps the CNS awake. During a period of relaxation or fatigue, the activity of histamine neurons decreases, and during a short sleep, they completely stop their activity. Biological matter also protects cells nervous system, prevents convulsions, ischemic damage, stressful situations in the central nervous system and contributes to forgetting unnecessary information.
5. Regulates reproductive function and sex drive. The introduction of a biological substance into the body of a man with erection problems restored it by three-quarters. Therefore, if, for example, with the help of receptor antagonists, acidity in the stomach is also reduced, then one may encounter a loss of libido or even impotence.

There are women who suffer from intolerance to this tissue hormone. This is due to its interaction with female hormones and the ability of the hormone to provoke uterine contractions.

Where does it come from in the body?

Scientists have long known that histamine is produced from histidine. If to speak plain language, histidine is an amino acid found in almost all protein foods. People use them every day. You need to understand that all protein molecules are built in a certain order from 20 different amino acids. And already their properties will depend on the order in which they stand.

It is worth noting that histamine resides in the mast cells of human organs - the skin, intestines and lungs.

Histamine and Allergy

Histamine performs a special function in the manifestation of allergies. Here, in no case can it do without two substances that react with each other.

Antigen - the human body has already met with it. He memorized it and kept the information about his "stay". This substance has already entered the tissues and caused a certain irritability in the cells. All the information in the cells is already there, but here antibodies come into play. And you need to understand that this becomes the main catalyst for the appearance of allergies.

Now that the body is familiar with the antigen, antibodies begin to attack and neutralize it, merging together and getting to where histamine is located in special granules.

This is the most First stage allergic reaction. It is now followed by the active role of biological matter. Histamine is converted to active phase. After immune complexes have entered the mast cells, it begins to leave the granules into the blood. And if its concentration in the blood reaches a certain level, then the reactions that were described above begin. That is why histamine is confused with the cause of allergies. In fact, he is just a conductor. Everything without him vital functions in the body is difficult to imagine.

There are also possible reactions that are very similar to allergies, but there is no tandem in the chain - an antibody and an antigen. This happens if an increased amount of a biologically active substance enters the body with food.

Histamine receptors

To date, only three groups of specific histamine receptors.

More about each:

1. H1. The receptors of this group are found in smooth muscles, in the lining of blood vessels from the inside and in the nervous system. These receptors are subject exclusively to external stimuli. Among allergic reactions are bronchial spasms, pain in the gastrointestinal tract, edema, increased vascular permeability. The biological substance that has been released from mast cells is a conductor and contributes to the appearance of eczema, urticaria, allergic rhinitis. The effects that the receptors of this group have are narrowing of the airway lumen and muscle contraction in the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, it is safe to say that the substance is involved in the occurrence of asthma and food allergies. Medications that block receptors inhibit allergic reactions. Due to the fact that the process of this inhibition will occur in the brain, one of side effects experts call these drugs drowsiness. Therefore, people who work in jobs that require concentration should carefully use these drugs. Drivers should especially pay attention to this fact.
2. H2. These receptors are located only in the cells of the stomach, if they are activated, then the production gastric juice- enzymes and hydrochloric acid - begins to increase. To block the receptors of this group, it is necessary to take drugs - cimetidine, roxatidine.
3. H3. The receptors of this group are located in the cells of the PNS. They are responsible for conducting impulses and regulate the period of sleep and wakefulness. If there is an overabundance, then the person has problems with sleep, there is excessive overexcitation and the impossibility of relaxation.

Why is it dangerous for humans and how does it affect the body

Of course, there is no definite answer to this question. Histamine is a substance without which the body will not fully function.

It is more dangerous when in excess. So, for example, if it comes into contact with the pollen of flowers, then mucosal edema and nasal congestion may appear. If a for a long time contact with a large number of chemical allergens, it can cause skin diseases.

And there are reactions that are even dangerous to human life. What is only anaphylactic shock - a sharp decline pressure, loss of consciousness. The body can be brought out of this state only by blocking the production of the substance.

Destruction of histamine

Leaving its permanent habitat - mast cells, histamine is partially destroyed, however, part of the substance is sent back, where it again accumulates in granules. From where it can exit again when activated.

It is destroyed only under the influence of several basic enzymes. The reaction occurs in the central nervous system, intestines and partly in mast cells.

Part of the substance is excreted from the body with urine.

Pseudo-allergic reactions

Such, at first glance, similar to the usual allergy reactions, have nothing to do with the immunological nature. The main thing here is to understand that there is an antigen in the chain that is present in true allergies. And if in laboratory conditions no foreign organism was detected, which means that there is an excess of biologically active substance - histamine in the body.

It can be obtained from food, and at first glance it will seem to you that you have an allergy to something - a rash on the skin, difficulty breathing, decreased pressure, arrhythmia, indigestion may appear. So foods rich in histamine, in this case, should be consumed without enthusiasm.

Products with high content of this organic compound:

• Strawberry;
• hard cheese;
• lemon;
• a pineapple;
• eggs;
• tomatoes;
• walnuts;
• chocolate;
• oranges.

Here is one of the clearest examples. As a kind of pseudo-allergy - nervous. It comes without allergens. All laboratory tests do not find the cause, and as soon as a person starts to get nervous, they immediately appear clear signs allergies. It occurs quite often.

The use of histamine in medicine

Very rarely, a patient is prescribed histamine-containing drugs in the treatment of rheumatism and certain neurological diseases.

Usually, with such appointments, an analysis is done to detect anaphylactic reactions.

Often, a decrease in the level of histamine concentration in the body is required. Among the drugs that can do this is dihydrochloride. It is administered intramuscularly in small doses. Used for:

• rheumatism, joint diseases, radiculitis;
• allergic diseases.

However, it has a number of contraindications:

• lactation period;
• pregnancy.

If you choose the right dose and bring everything back to normal, then you can get rid of the diseases caused by high level this biological substance.

Difficult but important

It is important to understand how it works, what functions it performs and what effect this tissue hormone has on the body. It is already clear that he is involved in many processes occurring in the body. It is impossible to assess its harm or benefit. Because without it, a person simply cannot immerse himself in a very important physiological process- dream.

However, most of the activities in medicine are aimed at combating undesirable consequences provided by histamine.

About what is allergic reaction everyone knows, but how histamine is associated with it remains a mystery shrouded in darkness for many. Few have at least some idea about histamine itself, which is a biologically active substance.

Histamine is involved in the regulation of most of the processes that occur in the body of any person. This substance is also very an important factor, without which the development of conditions associated with allergic reactions would not have occurred.

Synthesis of histamine is carried out in the human body from an amino acid called histidine, which is integral part squirrel. It has been scientifically proven that being in calm state, histamine is part of most tissues and organs, where it is contained in special cells.

But as soon as any allergen appears, the activation process immediately occurs, which provokes a large release of histamine into the blood. It is immediately worth noting that the amount of this substance in all people is not the same and can vary significantly among themselves.

To find out the approximate amount of histamine in the body, it is enough to pass a simple test. In order to conduct such a test, it is not necessary to visit a specialized medical institution and take a number of tests, it can be quite easily done at home. The test is as follows - slightly scratch your arm from the elbow to the wrist. After a certain amount of time, the scratch will turn red.

It is this reaction that indicates that histamine enters the damaged area of ​​the skin, which contributes to the elimination of the inflammatory process. Pronounced redness and swelling that does not go away for a long time, which remain after a scratch, indicate that the level of histamine in the body is too high. Please note that this test is only intended to provide an estimate of the amount of histamine, for detailed and exact result it is best to consult a specialist.

If during the homemade test you have found that your histamine is too high, you should immediately contact a specialized medical institution for detailed advice experienced specialist. A similar fact should not be left without due attention, since a high level of this substance can cause anaphylactic shock. Not getting an injection of adrenaline on time can cause significant harm to your health.

You can also reduce the level of this substance in the body by following a certain diet, which involves eating the following foods:

• dairy and curd products;
• bread;
• Hercules;
• sugar;
• olive or sunflower oil;
• red meat;
• fresh vegetables, most exact list it is better to check with a nutritionist who will make an individual diet.

As for products such as alcohol, smoked meats, cheese, seafood, coffee, marinades and citrus fruits, their use is strictly prohibited. Of course, such a ban on these products applies only if the patient has high histamine, in all other cases there is no need to keep a diet.

It is known that the level of this substance can increase with the use of certain foods due to improper storage, canning or freezing. In this case, an allergy to such products may occur even in healthy person who had never had such a reaction before.

Basically, histamine is quickly inactivated, and all are solitary and not bright severe symptoms pass on their own without the use of any medications or visits to a specialist. Reactions can be numerous, then any antihistamine should be used immediately. medicinal product. Do not take the medicine without reading the instructions for use in advance, as misuse can lead to suffocation, convulsions and even death.

Histamine in medicine

This substance is also used in medical practice for successful treatment some types of diseases, as well as for a number of studies and diagnostics. So, for example, to assess the functionality of the stomach, a solution of histamine hydrochloride is used, which is diluted in a certain proportion. The purpose of this study is to stimulate the secretion of gastric juice. The main indications for the use of histamine, which acts as a drug:

• Polyarthritis;
• Migraine;
• myeloid leukemia;
• Muscular and articular rheumatism;
• Radiculitis;
• Bronchial asthma;
• Pain of nervous origin.

Only in the presence of one of the above diseases, a professional specialist will make a decision and prescribe histamine as a drug to the patient. In all other cases, you should not use the drug on your own. This medicine also has contraindications, and a number of side effects, in the presence of which the use of histamine is strictly prohibited.

A complete list of contraindications can be found not only at the doctor's appointment, but also in the instructions that are attached. The drug is highly not recommended if you have dystonia, hypertension, a violation of the normal functionality of the kidneys and heart, as well as pregnancy and lactation.

As for side effects, they include: severe and continuous headache, dizziness, fainting, diarrhea, convulsions, nausea, lowering blood pressure, visual impairment. This is far from full list side effects, which is why it is so important to follow the appointment of a specialist and use only the dosage that was prescribed by him at the reception. Follow all the recommendations and instructions, then you will not have any problems with treatment.

Histamine(English) histamine) is a biogenic substance formed in the body during the decarboxylation of the amino acid histidine.

Histamine. General characteristics

Histamine is an important neurotransmitter biological processes

Free histamine causes spasm of smooth muscles (including the muscles of the bronchi and blood vessels), dilation of capillaries and a decrease in blood pressure, stagnation of blood in the capillaries and an increase in the permeability of their walls, causes swelling of the surrounding tissues and thickening of the blood, stimulates the release of adrenaline and increased heart rate.

Histamine exerts its action through specific cellular histamine receptors. Currently, there are three groups of histamine receptors, which are designated H 1 , H 2 and H 3 .

The normal content of histamine in the blood is 539-899 nmol / l.

Histamine plays a significant role in the physiology of digestion. In the stomach, histamine is secreted by enterochromaffin-like (ECL-) mucosal cells. Histamine stimulates the production of hydrochloric acid by acting on the H2 receptors on the parietal cells of the gastric mucosa. Developed and actively used in the treatment of acid-dependent diseases (gastric and duodenal ulcer, GERD, etc.) a number of drugs called H 2 -histamine receptor blockers, which block the effect of histamine on parietal cells, thereby reducing the secretion of hydrochloric acid in lumen of the stomach.

Histamine is a gastric secretion stimulant diagnostic procedures Oh

To stimulate gastric secretion in the study of the acid-producing function of the stomach, the diagnosticum "Histamine dihydrochloride", a 0.1% solution for injection (production of Biomed named after I.I. Mechnikov, Moscow region, Petrovo-Far) or a similar preparation is used.

Professional medical publications concerning the use of histamine as a stimulant of gastric secretion in the study of gastric acidity:

• Rapoport S.I., Lakshin A.A., Rakitin B.V., Trifonov M.M. pH-metry of the esophagus and stomach in diseases of the upper digestive tract / Ed. Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences F.I. Komarov. - M.: ID MEDPRAKTIKA-M. — 2005. - 208


• Stupin V.A., Siluyanov S.V. Violation of the secretory function of the stomach in peptic ulcer // Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology. - 1997. - No. 4. - p. 23-28.


• Leya Yu.Ya. pH-metry of the stomach. Chapter 6 - L .: Medicine, 1987. - 144 p.


• Belmer S.V., Gasilina T.V., Kovalenko A.A. Intragastric pH-metry in pediatric gastroenterology. Methodical aspects. Second edition, revised. - M.: RGMU. - 2001. - 20 p.


• Dubinskaya T.K., Volova A.V., Razzhivina A.A., Nikishina E.I. Acid production of the stomach and methods for its determination. Tutorial. - M.: Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, 2004, - 20 p.


• Sablin O.A., Grinevich V.B., Uspensky Yu.P., Ratnikov V.A. Functional diagnostics in gastroenterology. Teaching aid. St. Petersburg. 2002

Histamine is a drug

Indications for the use of histamine are: polyarthritis, articular and muscular rheumatism, allergic diseases, migraine, pain caused by damage to peripheral nerves.

Dosage form: trade name "Histamine dihydrochloride", is produced (produced earlier) in the form of a solution for injection of 0.1%.

Ceplene is registered in the US with active substance histamine dihydrochloride for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.

Be sure to hear about the need to neutralize it with the help of antihistamines. Hearing the name of these drugs, you might think that histamine is an allergen, but in fact the situation is completely different.

Histamine is a biological substance that is always present in the body and has nothing to do with allergens. Activation of its functions and release into in large numbers into the blood occurs exclusively under certain factors, the main of which is an allergic reaction. We will talk in more detail about the mechanism of action of histamine, its significance for the body and the characteristics of this substance today.

The meaning, role and functions of histamine in the body

The secretion of this substance comes from the amino acid, which is the main component of the protein and is called "histidine". In its normal, inactive state, histamine is found in the vast majority of body cells, which are called histiocytes. In this case, the substance is inactive.

Under the influence of a number of factors, histamine is able to activate and be released in large quantities into the general bloodstream of the body. In this form, the substance is able to have a significant physiological effect on the human body through the implementation of biochemical processes.

Factors that activate histamine are:

1. injury
2. pathology
3. stressful situations
4. taking certain medications
5. allergic reaction
6. radiation exposure

In addition to direct intraorganismal secretion, histamine also enters the human body through food or medicines. At the biological level, the substance is involved in many biochemical processes. An example of this can be considered the active supply of a substance to the affected tissues to reduce the level of inflammation of those.

Regardless of what provokes the activation of histamine, this process is very important to control.

Otherwise, the substance can provoke:

• spasms of the smooth muscles of the body, which often provokes coughing, breathing problems, or
• increased secretion of adrenaline, which increases the heart rate and
• increased production of digestive juices and mucous in the body
• contraction or expansion vascular structures, often fraught with the appearance of a rash, edema, skin flushing and similar phenomena
• anaphylactic shock, necessarily accompanied by convulsions, loss of consciousness and vomiting

In general, histamine is important for the body, but in certain circumstances it causes some inconvenience and requires due attention to its level. Fortunately, under the current conditions medical care conduct necessary measures not difficult.

How to determine the level of histamine in the blood

The norm of histamine in the blood is from 0 to 0.93 nmol / l

Determination of the level of histamine in the blood is realized through the usual. Laboratory research in any case, they allow not only to determine the excess or, which is extremely rare, the lack of a substance, but also the significance of the existing deviations.

If you want to conduct a blood test to determine the level of histamine, you must follow the basic rules:

1. donate biomaterial on an empty stomach and in morning time from 8:00 to 11:00
2. exclude 1-2 days before the diagnosis alcoholic beverages and medications that contribute to the improper activity of histamine in the body
3. give up cigarettes 3-4 hours before the test

Usually, the results of the examination are ready already on the 2-3rd day after the examination and can be immediately evaluated by a specialized specialist.

Note that the determination of the level of histamine, so to speak, "by eye" can be carried out at home. To do this, you need to slightly scratch your arm or leg and see how strong and red the inflammation will be. If a inflammatory process developed significantly, which means that there is a lot of histamine in the body. Otherwise, the substance is normal level or even lacking.

Histamine receptor groups

Due to the broad specification of the effects of histamine on body systems, it is an agonist for several groups of receptors at once, which in biology are called histamine receptors.

The main ones are:

• H1 receptors - are responsible for the participation of the substance in the secretion of certain body hormones and spasms of smooth muscles, and also indirectly participate in vasodilation and vasoconstriction under the influence of histamine.
• H2 receptors - stimulate the secretion of gastric juice and mucus.
• H3 receptors - are involved in the activity of the nervous system (mainly - the secretion of the corresponding hormones: serotonin, norepinephrine, etc.).
• H4 receptors - help the "H1" group of receptors and have a limited effect on a number of previously unnoted body systems ( Bone marrow, internal organs etc.).

Usually, when histamine activity is activated, all groups of histamine receptors are activated at once. Depending on the localization of the factor provocateur of such activation, some group of receptors naturally functions more actively.

The use of the substance in medicine

Having studied histamine in detail and formed a single concept about it, doctors and representatives of the field of pharmacology were able to begin to use it in medical purposes. On the this moment the substance has limited use, being produced mainly in the form of dihydrochloride. The latter is a crystalline powder white color, which is hygroscopic, easily soluble in water and poorly in alcohol.

Most often, the appointment of histamine-containing drugs is implemented by doctors with:

• polyarthritis
• migraines
• muscular and joint rheumatisms
• radiculitis
• allergic reactions

Naturally, the course and dosages are selected very flexibly and only by a professional doctor. With the wrong use of histamine, some negative consequences can occur.

For more information about food allergies, see the video:

Note that it is not always possible to use the substance for medical purposes. Do not use histamine to treat people suffering from:

• diseases of the cardiovascular system
• hypertension
• respiratory pathologies
• kidney disease
• pheochromocytomas

It is also undesirable to take histamine during pregnancy and lactation. It will also be necessary to refuse it if side effects appear, for example, headaches, fainting, diarrhea and convulsions.

histamine for allergies

The greatest activation of histamine in the human body occurs during an allergic reaction. This is due to the specificity of the interaction of mast cells containing an inactive form of the substance, antigens () and for those. In short, the process of producing antibodies necessary to neutralize the action of allergens on the body is accompanied by the formation of special immune complexes. The latter, due to their biochemical organization, mainly settle on mast cells and accelerate the process of histamine activation from them.

The result of this is that the substance in question is sent in large quantities and at high speed to the general bloodstream. Such a manifestation is necessarily accompanied adverse impact histamine on some body systems, which is why the basic symptoms of allergies appear.

The existing specificity of histamine secretion predetermines the fact that during an allergic reaction it is extremely important to neutralize the release of histamine into the general bloodstream and remove it from the body. Therefore, with allergies, antihistamines are most often prescribed.

A few words about histamine found in food

Probably, every reader has already understood that when normal amount in the blood, histamine is an assistant, and when elevated, it is an enemy. Given this state of affairs, it is extremely important to control the level of the substance in case of damage to the body.

It does not matter at all whether the patient has mild inflammation or severe allergic reaction. The basis for controlling histamine levels is to reduce its external ingestion from food.

Histamine is not only produced in the body, but also present in many foods.

In order not to cause an increase in the amount of a substance in the blood, the following should be abandoned:

• smoked meats
• yeast
• seafood
• pickled vegetables
• fruit
• many flour products
• citrus

In addition, it is important not to abuse alcohol of any formation, cocoa and coffee. Allowed and even approved for eating dairy products, regular bread, cereals, natural sugar, vegetable fats, fresh meat and vegetables (except for tomatoes, spinach, cabbage, eggplant).

The phenomenon of histamine intolerance

At the end of today's article, let's pay attention to such a phenomenon as histamine intolerance. In fact, it is a full-fledged pathology of the body, which requires high-quality and proper attention. Today to be treated histamine intolerance impossible, however, to stop its manifestations through some preventive measures quite.

Diagnostics similar illness takes place in several stages:

1. At the first stage, the doctor evaluates the symptoms manifested in the patient. With histamine intolerance, a full bouquet of 10-15 adverse manifestations of the effects of histamine on the human body (from mild nausea to migraines).
2. On the second - the specialist implements the appropriate diagnostic measures, allowing either to accurately confirm the diagnosis, or to refute it. Highest value here have extended .

Usually, with histamine intolerance, patients are advised to adhere to a certain diet, as well as to get rid of pathologies and allergies of the body as quickly and efficiently as possible, which can significantly increase the secretion of a substance intolerable to them. Histamine intolerance usually does not have any specialized therapy.

Perhaps that's all on the topic of today's article. We hope that the presented material was useful for you and gave answers to your questions. Health to you!