To drink or not hormonal drugs. Oral contraception. Achievements of modern medicine. Hormonal drugs for menopause

When, over the years, fewer and fewer hormones are produced in a woman's body, female hormones in pills are often prescribed.

Such drugs eliminate many of the symptoms that accompany hormone deficiency.

Hormones are substances that are produced in almost every organ and tissue of the body, so they affect its performance and overall functioning.

The hormonal background determines the following important characteristics:

• body weight and tendency to gain weight;
• appetite;
• sexual function;
• hair color and structure;
• skin type;
• emotional condition;
• behavior and thinking.

The human body produces both female and male sex hormones. Their number is determined by gender.

Most of them are produced endocrine system which includes the following glands:

• thyroid;
• parathyroid;
• pancreas;
• thymus.

This system also includes the following authorities:

• pituitary;
• hypothalamus;
• ovaries;
• adrenals.

The hormones produced by these glands are delivered to various organs through the circulatory system.

Interesting!

Until now, up to 60 types of hormones are known, with the help of which the hormonal background is formed. Deviations from the norm of indicators of female hormones provoke serious complications.

Why Hormonal Imbalance Occurs

Preparations and products containing female hormones are prescribed mainly when in the body. It can be triggered by many negative factors, including the following:

• genetic predisposition;
• increased fatigue in chronic form;
• sleep disorders;
• stressful situations;
• the influence of certain medications;
• various diseases, in particular, of a viral nature;
• immune system failures.

This imbalance also occurs against the background bad habits, including the following:

• alcohol abuse;
• smoking;
• the use of narcotic drugs.

Modern pharmaceutical companies offer female hormones in tablets in a wide range.

They allow you to restore balance in the body, slowing down aging and having a beneficial effect on reproductive function.

Varieties and their features

Both in women's and in male body 2 main types of hormones are produced - androgens and estrogens. The first type is this, and the second is female.

However, besides them, female representatives also produce other species that affect important features individual systems. The features of the main ones should be considered in detail.

Interesting!

According to recent studies, blonde women have greatest content hormones that affect reproductive function.

Estrogen

This is the main female hormone produced in the ovaries, affecting sexual characteristics, appearance and cell regeneration.

In this regard, its optimal content in the body ensures the elasticity of the skin and healthy hair. In addition, it protects blood vessels from plaque formation.

Progesterone

The ability of a pregnant woman to endure and give birth to a child depends on progesterone. Decreased levels during pregnancy early dates provokes a miscarriage.

Testosterone

It is produced in the adrenal glands of a woman in low content. At increased rates testosterone, the following signs are noted:

• increased irritability;
• mood swings;
• irascibility.

First of all, testosterone affects female sexual behavior.

thyroxine

It is a thyroid hormone responsible for various metabolic processes. Its deficiency is accompanied by the following symptoms:

• the appearance of excess weight;
• constant fatigue;
• skin laxity;
• drowsiness;
• memory impairment.

An increase in thyroxin levels leads to the following manifestations:

• impaired concentration;
• sleep problems;
• angina;
• emergence of feelings of anxiety.

Against this background, as a rule, there is also rapid weight loss and problems with thinking processes.

Somatotropin

It is a growth hormone produced by the pituitary gland. It provides control over muscle tissue and ligaments. Its deficiency slows down growth, and its excess leads to its abnormal performance. Also, violations of the concentration of somatotropin lead to weakness and flabbiness. muscle mass at a woman.

For reference!

Somatotropin has a positive effect on the female psyche. And its insufficient secretion is one of the main causes of aging.

Insulin

Produced in the pancreas and normalizes blood sugar levels. It is involved in the breakdown of carbohydrates received by the body with food.

When the food contains a lot of sweets, insulin cannot cope with its processing, which provokes the accumulation of sugar. This is bad for blood vessels and provokes fullness and diabetes.

The action of hormones in tablets

Female sex hormones in tablets help eliminate various problems in the body and have the following effects:

1. They are prolong youth by replenishing sex hormones.
2. stop developmental processes of obesity.
3. slow down the rate of wrinkle formation, providing skin elasticity.
4. Normalize arterial pressure.
5. Facilitate symptoms of menopause.
6. Eliminate frequent urination.
7. Apply in the treatment of chronic cystitis caused by atrophy of the bladder mucosa.

After 50 years, preparations of female sex hormones significantly reduce the risk of developing the following diseases:

• atherosclerosis;
• diabetes;
• osteoporosis.

Also, such drugs are widely used for the prevention of various cardiovascular pathologies and stroke.

Basic drugs

Sex hormone pills for women usually contain estrogen or progesterone, which are considered the most important female hormones.

Estrogen preparations

Estrogen tablets are most often prescribed to restore a normal menstrual cycle and blood pressure.

It is also taken to relieve such frequent manifestations in women over 40 as constant fatigue and headaches.

Indications for the use of this substance may be the following conditions:

• lack of menstruation;
• infertility;
• underdevelopment of the uterus;
• disorders after removal of the ovaries;
• osteoporosis during menopause.

Among the hormonal pills with estrogen, the following drugs should be distinguished:

1. Estrofem: This remedy is prescribed to eliminate the symptoms of menopause. It is not intended for contraception and has a number of side effects, in connection with which, with long-term use, it is necessary to undergo an examination at least once every 6 months.
2. Premarin: this remedy is used for violation of ovarian function and bleeding in the uterus. It is also known as a drug to normalize hormonal background during menopause. In the presence of diabetes, the drug is prescribed with caution.
3. Tefestrol: indicated in the absence of secondary sexual characteristics and underdevelopment of the organs of the reproductive system.

Due to a number of contraindications and side effects that these drugs have, only a specialist should establish their choice and dosage.

For reference!

Many women tend to believe the myth that hormonal pills lead to fullness and the appearance of hair on the body and face. In fact, if you follow all the instructions and correct doses no such phenomena are observed.

Progesterone preparations

The most popular drugs in this group are the following:

1. Norkolut: prescribed for menstrual irregularities and endometriosis. The drug has a high activity, sometimes included in the composition of drugs for the treatment of adenomyoma.
2. Pregnin: a remedy for infertility and ovarian failure. It is also widely used in the absence of menstruation or too little discharge.
3. Postinor: considered one of the most. However, its effect expires 2 days after administration.

In addition to these drugs, often used and combined means, which are considered universal. Among them are the following drugs:

• Ovidon;
• Rigevidon;
• Demoulin.

Misuse of these drugs can cause nausea, vomiting, and more serious complications.

Our life is filled with hormones of happiness, pleasure, stress, fear. It is they who evoke these emotions. Hormones help us in various situations and rule our body in the most direct sense. For a long time, people have learned to use them in medicine for various pathologies and reduced activity endocrine glands. Only many are wary of taking such funds. Let's understand what is hormonal medications and what they are used for.

Hormonal drugs- medicines containing hormones or their artificial substitutes. They may include:

• natural hormones that are secreted from the endocrine glands of slaughtered cattle, blood and urine of animals and humans;
• artificial hormonal agents and their derivatives;
• chemical analogues of hormones, differing in their structure from natural hormones, but with similar properties.

Hormone therapy is needed for:

• warnings unwanted pregnancy;
• women during menopause;
• treatment of inflammatory and allergic diseases;
• treatment of hormonal deficiency and cancer;

There are a lot of hormonal preparations in the world. Consider hormonal contraceptives and women's health which are widely used in gynecology. A full list of titles and prices can be seen at the end of the article.

Hormonal contraceptives are:

• combined (estrogen-gestagenic);
• non-combined (mini-drank);
• emergency drugs.

Combined oral contraceptives

This group of drugs is used in gynecology to prevent unwanted pregnancy and treat a number of hormonal problems, it contains 2 types of hormones - estrogen and progesterone. Often seen as an abbreviation for COC. The effectiveness of protection is determined by the Pearl index - the lower the number, the more reliable way. The index is less than 1.

The benefits are determined by high efficacy, excellent tolerability, rapid reversibility (pregnancy can occur in the first cycle after discontinuation of the drug) and additional non-contraceptive properties.

Depending on the dose of hormones, they are divided into: monophasic and multiphasic.

Monophasic oral contraceptives

The concentration of hormones in tablets does not change during the entire time of admission. Contraceptive action associated with ethinyl estradiol, the dosage of which is selected purposefully to suppress ovulation.

It is important to remember that these drugs can only be prescribed by a doctor! Self-medication can lead to hormonal failure and other unpleasant consequences.

• Jess (Dimia)

These popular hormonal pills for women contain drospirenone, which stops weight gain and the appearance of edema, removes PMS symptoms, hormonal engorgement of the mammary glands, head and muscle pain. It also helps to reduce the symptoms of acne, oily skin and hair. Dimia is an analogue of Jess, only it costs an order of magnitude cheaper.

• Belara

The hormonal drug has positive action to restore the cycle, reduce the severity of PMS, the incidence of anemia, pain during menstruation, cysts and malignant formations ovaries. It has a direct effect on the condition of the skin, so it is often prescribed to girls to improve it.

• Lindinet 20 (Logest)

When taken systematically, they provide therapeutic effect, normalizing the hormonal state and preventing the development of a number of diseases in gynecology, including reducing the risk of neoplasms.

• Novinet (Mersilon)

Excellent hormones. Provide additional positive effects: menstruation becomes poorer and less painful, the occurrence of anemia is reduced, diseases of the uterus, ovaries, mammary glands develop less often, have a beneficial effect on the skin, remove acne and acne. Usually assigned to young girls.

Contraceptive packages may contain a different number of tablets. It depends on the reception scheme. They are of two types: 21+7 and 24+4. There is no fundamental difference.

First scheme: Active pills are taken for 21 days without a break, then a 7-day rest is made, during which withdrawal bleeding begins, then a new pack begins.

The second scheme is a set of 24 active tablets and 4 inactive pacifiers, which you can not take, they are needed for convenience, so as not to forget when the next pack should start. Although sometimes "dummies" are not dummies at all. In some drugs Yarina Plus and Jess Plus) in inactive tablets is levomefolate - active form folic acid in this form, it is better absorbed by the body. This is done to reduce the risk of developing neural tube defects in the fetus if a woman wants to become pregnant immediately after stopping the drug.

Multiphasic oral contraceptives

Due to the phase of the monthly cycle, the dosage of hormones in tablets changes, this ensures natural changes in the hormonal background and reduces the risk of side effects. The packages of contraceptives in this group contain 2-3 types of tablets. The dose of estrogen responsible for contraceptive effect, in each tablet is maximum, and the level of gestagen increases gradually, creating a limit by the 3rd phase of the cycle.

• The brightest and most modern representative − claira.

In addition to the contraceptive effect, it helps to reduce the abundance and duration of menstruation, reduces the manifestations signs of PMS and relieves pain during critical days. Reception of contraceptives with small dosages of hormones helps to reduce the possibility of developing a number of gynecological diseases, and also reduces the manifestations of hypertrichosis - excessive hair growth. These hormonal pills for women are considered the most physiological.

Non-combined OK

The second name of the group is "mini-drank". They contain a small dosage of the hormone progestin and are a substitute for COCs. They differ from them in their composition - they include an artificial analogue of progesterone. The content of hormones is lower than in other preparations. They do not suppress the process of ovulation.

The contraceptive effect is based on a change in the properties of the mucus lining the cervix. Due to the increase in viscosity, it becomes a barrier to the movement of the sperm to the egg. Wall contraction rate fallopian tubes slows down, which prevents the egg from entering the uterus. If the sperm still reaches the target, then 2 defense mechanism: hormonal change The mucous membrane of the walls of the uterus does not allow the fertilized egg to attach.

The effectiveness of these funds is 95%

The main advantage of this group of hormonal pills is that the natural menstrual cycle and menstrual bleeding are preserved.

A significant drawback is that the tablets cannot be skipped. If in the case of COCs, the gap can be more than 12 hours and nothing terrible will happen, then here this interval is only 3 hours, after which hormone therapy is disrupted, i.e. contraceptive effect is reduced.

• Charozetta (Laktinet, Modell mam).

They are best suited for use during lactation as they do not affect the production and taste of milk, as well as girls who are prohibited . The contraceptive effect of the drug is achieved by increasing the viscosity of the mucus that covers the cervix, which is an obstacle to the passage of sperm to the target.

• Exluton

Like other OKs in this group, the use is preferable when breastfeeding, contraindications to COCs. The contraceptive effect is associated with an increase in the viscosity of the mucus, which prevents the movement of spermatozoa, violations of the contractions of the walls of the fallopian tubes (this change is reversible after discontinuation of the drug).

Emergency Medicines

Emergency (postcoital) contraception is carried out after unprotected intercourse, or if the methods of protection failed, within 1-3 days to stop an unwanted pregnancy. It is important to know that these female hormone pills should be used as infrequently as possible. can cause irreversible damage to the body.

• Escapelle (postinor)

They inhibit ovulation, which stops the fertilization process. Prevent implantation, ie. penetration and fixation of the embryo in the wall of the uterus. Will not work if the implementation has already taken place. Reception should be started as early as possible (no later than 72 hours) after unprotected sex. The longer the time interval between an unprotected act and taking the drug, the higher the likelihood of pregnancy. Used at any time during the cycle.

• Jenale

It slows down ovulation and prevents the attachment of a fertilized egg. It is applied 2 hours before or 2 hours after a meal (within 72 hours after unprotected intercourse), regardless of the phase of the menstrual cycle.

Note! These hormonal pills for women should not be taken with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (painkillers, antipyretics, such as ibuprofen) for a week after taking the drug.

What is a hormonal imbalance?

Hormonal disbalance- this is a discrepancy in the ratio of estrogens and progesterone - the main assistants of activity reproductive system. The work of the whole organism is connected with the hormonal status.

Failure factors:

• dysfunction of the endocrine glands. This can occur both as a result of a disease and as a result of developmental anomalies;
• incorrect production of hormones can be both congenital and acquired problem;
• increased nervous excitability and prolonged stress;
• uncontrolled use of postcoital contraceptive drugs provokes a sharp shift in hormones, after which the body can come in order for years;
• independent use of hormonal drugs;
• artificial termination of pregnancy (abortion);
• age-related physiological deviations. Puberty and menopause - 2 periods in a woman's life, when there is a radical reboot of the endocrine system.

Menopause is a predictable hormonal failure caused by an inevitable reduction in the work of the ovaries.

Menopause and menopause

Menopause refers to the long-term effect of the gradual withering of the female reproductive system.

The menopause period is divided into 3 phases: premenopause, menopause, postmenopause. Key hormonal surges are observed in premenopause. This phase combines the time when menstruation becomes arbitrary, ends altogether, and 2 years after that. Premenopause lasts approximately 4 years. If during the year there were no spontaneous periods, we can say that the last menstrual bleeding is menopause. It occurs between 40 and 50 years of age. The time of its onset in most cases depends on genetic characteristics.

tides- the most common nuisance that is caused by hormonal changes. During the "attacks" a woman may experience a feeling of heat, most often in the face. Reducing hot flashes during menopause will help reduce meat and protein foods in the diet, it is advisable to eat more vegetables and fruits. Other symptoms include depression, migraine headaches.

Also developing involuntary urination, there are unpleasant sensations during sexual intercourse, the likelihood of cystitis increases. These manifestations are associated with a decrease in the level of estrogen in the blood. Brittle nails, hair loss and coarsening of the skin are characteristic manifestations of a lack of estrogen.

Bigger problems may arise:

• osteoporosis (increased bone fragility);
• atherosclerosis (deposition of cholesterol on the walls of blood vessels);
• diabetes.

To prevent all these problems, hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is used. Its purpose is to compensate for the lost function of the ovaries and prolong youth. But not all women are shown it. Contraindications are quite serious:

• thrombi of deep veins of the lower extremities;
• intrauterine bleeding of unknown origin;
• oncological diseases;
• liver pathology.

However, hormone therapy is not as scary as it seems. There are special hormonal preparations for women after 40 years.

Hormonal pills for women that are used during menopause may contain:

• estrogen;
• a combination of estrogen with progesterone;
• combination of estrogen, progesterone and androgen.

List of hormonal drugs for women over 40

• Angelique

Contains both types of hormones (estrogen and progestogen), the levels of which fall during menopause. There is a replacement of hormones that are no longer produced by the ovaries.

Estradiol prevents or alleviates hot flashes, excessive sweating, sleep disturbances, depressive states, increased nervousness, dizziness and migraine headaches, as well as urinary incontinence, dryness, itching, burning sensation in the vagina, discomfort during intercourse. The inclusion of a progestogen (drospirenone) in the preparation reduces the risk of developing uterine cancer.

The drug reduces the loss bone mass called postmenopausal osteoporosis. Drospirenone regulates the excretion of fluid and sodium ions, which reduces blood pressure numbers, weight, breast pain and other symptoms associated with tissue swelling.

• Ladybone

Inhibits postmenopausal bone loss, relieves symptoms such as hot flashes, increased sweating, headache. Raises libido and mood. It has a tonic effect on the vaginal mucosa, while not causing the growth of endometrial tissues (which can lead to neoplasms).

• Cyclo-Proginova

Contains a special salt of estradiol, which in the body is converted into its own hormone. Also included in the composition is norgestrel, a derivative of progesterone. Its use for 10 days of a monthly cycle stops the excessive growth of the endometrial mucosa and stops the development of uterine cancer. Used in perimenopausal women to treat spontaneous uterine bleeding.

Estradiol compensates for the lack of estrogen in the body during the approach of menopause and creates a favorable course of therapy:

• eliminates hot flashes;
• excessive sweating;
• insomnia;
• increased nervousness and causeless irritability;
• pain in the sternum;
• dizziness;
• migraine pain;
• weakening the desire for intimacy;
• muscle and joint pain;
• involuntary leakage of urine;
• dryness and itching in the vagina;
• pain during sex;
• reduces bone wasting.

Hormonal preparations for women after 40 years of age can be taken at any time. It is important to exclude pregnancy!

Table of hormonal drugs with active ingredients and prices

The table shows the list and prices of the popular hormonal drugs that were mentioned above. It is worth noting that the mark-up for drugs in each region is different, so the cost may vary. You should be aware that all preparations containing hormones are prescription drugs.

After a slash (\) the prices of small and large packages are written.

Related videos

In this article, we will look at 2 "sides of the coin" − positive sides taking oral contraceptives and potential health hazards:

• at the beginning of the article, we will consider the classification, contraindications, side effects and all the positive aspects of taking hormonal contraceptives
• then about the potential risk of developing long-term consequences of taking such drugs, even for a healthy woman.

By doing this, we want to draw the attention of women to a longer-term prognosis of their health and reflect on the fact that any intervention in natural processes in the female body is fraught with consequences - for someone insignificant, subtle, for someone much more serious, even tragic.

In no case do we call for abandoning the drugs prescribed by the doctor, the article is for informational purposes and the decision to take oral contraceptives is made by a woman after consultation and examination by a gynecologist. But, every woman should be aware of the possible risks that she is exposed to when taking oral contraception for a long time.

Groups of contraceptive pills, names and their action

Despite the rather rich assortment of contraceptives presented in the pharmacy, hormonal birth control pills occupy a leading position today (and bring their manufacturers billions of dollars a year). Unfortunately, not everyone knows about contraindications to taking them, side effects, rules for taking pills, that they should not be taken for a long time and the choice of oral contraceptives should be made only by a doctor after a thorough diagnosis and taking the patient's history.

All contraceptive hormonal pills are divided into two "companies": combined oral contraceptives(COC) and mini-pill.

Monophasic tablets In these tablets, the percentage of estrogenic and progestogen components does not change in each tablet.
Desogestrel and ethinylestradiol: Regulon (400-1100 rubles) prices 2018.	Ethinylestradiol and dienogest: Jeanine (price 1000 rubles) Silhouette (price about 680 rubles)	Gestodene and ethinylestradiol: Lindinet (380-500 rub.), Logest (800 rubles), Femoden (950 rubles)
Rigevidon (price 280 rubles)	Microgynon (380 rubles)	Minisiston (450 rubles)
Biphasic drugs In them, the dose of estrogen is the same in all tablets, and the dose of progestogen changes in the 1st and 2nd periods of the menstrual cycle.
Femoston Dydrogesterone + Estradiol (900 rubles).	(Ethinylestradiol + Levonorgestrel): Anteovin, Binordiol, Sekvularum, Adepal, Sequilar, Bifazil	Binovum (Ethinylestradiol + Norethisterone) Neo-Eunomine (Ethinylestradiol + Chlormadinone Acetate)
Triphasic Tablets In the OK data, the doses of hormones are changed three times in one package, which is associated with a change in the periods of the menstrual process.
Tri-Regol (280 rubles)	Three merci (120 rubles)	Triziston

The main point in the mechanism of action of COCs is the blocking of ovulation, due to inhibition of the formation of FSH and LH in the pituitary gland. In parallel, ovarian function and local obstruction of ovulation are blocked. In addition, “glandular regression” occurs in the structure of the uterine mucosa, which makes implantation of a fertilized egg impossible. Changes also occur in the mucus of the cervical canal, it thickens, which disrupts the movement of spermatozoa deep into the uterus.

COCs are also divided into 3 groups according to the quantitative content of active components:

Microdosed OK

The dose of hormones in these pills is minimal, so they are ideal for young women up to 25 years old, and, in addition, for those who are faced with the need to take birth control pills for the first time. Examples of drugs: Zoeli (monophasic), Qlaira (3-phase) and other monophasic ones - Jess, Dimia, Logest, Mercilon, Minisiston, Lindinet, Novinet.

Low-dose OK

Such tablets are recommended for young and mature representatives of the weaker sex, including those who have gone through childbirth, or are prescribed to those patients who, when using microdose drugs, experience intermenstrual bleeding. According to research by manufacturers, a group of low-dose tablets has an antiandrogenic effect (hair growth in uncharacteristic places decreases, acne and increased skin greasiness disappear, decreases). The list of contraceptive pills includes: Diana, Yarina (Midiana), Femoden, Siluet, Jeanine, Trimerci, Lindinet, Silest, Minisiston, Regulon, Marvelon, Microgynon, Rigevidon, Belara, Chloe, Demulen.

High-dose OK

The dose of hormones in these contraceptive pills is quite high, so they are prescribed either for the purpose of treatment (for example, endometriosis), or at the stage of therapy for hormonal disorders (Non-ovlon, Triquilar, Ovidon, Triseston, Triregol) only as directed by a doctor.

It can be said about mini-pills that they contain only progestogen. The mechanism of their action lies in the local influence on the peripheral parts of the reproductive system. Firstly, mini-pills affect the composition of cervical mucus and its quantity. So, in the middle of the cycle, its volume decreases, but the viscosity of the mucus remains high in any of the phases of the menstrual cycle, which prevents the free movement of spermatozoa. There are also changes in the morphological and biochemical structures of the endometrium, which create "bad" conditions for implantation. About half of women are blocked from ovulation. Mini-pills include: linestrenol (Exluton, Microlut, Orgametril), desogestrel (Lactinet, Charozetta).

Charozetta (1300 rubles) desogestrel	Lactinet (600 -700 rubles) desogestrel	Orgametril (3300 rub.) linestrenol	Exluton (3300 rubles) linestrenol

How to choose good birth control pills

Which contraceptive pills are good, the best, you can’t deal with this issue on your own, especially buying them at a pharmacy on the recommendation of friends or a pharmacist. To find the best birth control pills, you need to visit a doctor. The gynecologist will collect an anamnesis, dwell separately on a family history, existing diseases or past ones, since all of the above may be a contraindication to the use of hormonal contraceptives.

After that, the doctor will conduct an examination, during which he will evaluate:

• skin(telangiosis, petechiae, signs of hyperandrogenism, presence/absence of hypertrichosis, etc.)
• measure weight and blood pressure
• palpates the mammary glands
• prescribe tests for liver enzymes, blood sugar, blood coagulation, hormonal levels, ultrasound of the mammary glands, ultrasound of the pelvic organs, if necessary, mammography
• then hold gynecological examination with swabs
• also a woman should visit an ophthalmologist, because long-term use OK increases the risk of developing other eye diseases.

For the appointment of tablets that are most favorable for this patient, her constitutional and biological type is taken into account, which takes into account:

• height, appearance
• milk glands
• pubic hair
• skin, hair
• menstruation and premenstrual symptoms
• cycle irregularities or lack of menstruation
• as well as existing chronic diseases

There are 3 phenotypes:

The prevalence of estrogens

Women of short or medium height, very feminine in appearance, skin and hair are prone to dryness, menstruation with significant blood loss and long, and the cycle is more than four weeks. Medium and high-dose COCs are suitable for patients with this phenotype: Rigevidon, Milvane, Triziston and others.

Milvane (ethinylestradiol and gestodene): Logest (720 rubles) Femoden (600-650 rubles) Lindinet (average price 320 rubles)	Rigevidon (price 180 rubles), Microgynon (320 rubles), Minisiston (370 rubles) Tri-regol (200 rubles), Triquilar (530 rubles), Triziston

Balanced type

Women of average height, feminine, mammary glands of medium size and developed, skin and hair of normal oiliness, no premenstrual signs, menstruation 5 days after 4 weeks. Such women are recommended second-generation drugs: Marvelon, Silest, Lindinet-30, Microgynon, Femoden and others.

Ethinylestradiol and desogestrel: Marvelon (630 rubles), Novinet (330 rubles), Regulon (280-320), Tri-merci (650r) Mercilon (630 rubles)	Ethinylestradiol and Norgestimate: Silest	Eethinylestradiol and Gestodene (Milvane): Lindinet (280-350 rub.), Logest (720 rubles), Femoden (600-650 rubles)	Ethinylestradiol and levonorgestrel: Rigevidon (180r), Tri-regol (200r) Microgynon (320r), Minisiston (370r) Triquilar (530r), Triziston

The prevalence of gestagens / androgens

Women are different tall, "boyish" appearance, underdeveloped mammary glands, skin and hair high fat content, depression on the eve of menstruation and abdominal pain, in lumbar region, menstruation is scanty, less than 5 days, the cycle is short, less than 28 days. AT this case the doctor will advise hormonal preparations with an antiandrogenic component: Diane-35, Janine, Yarina, Jess.

Yarina (price 800 rubles)	Ethinylestradiol and drospirenone: Jess (820 rubles)	Ethinylestradiol and drospirenone: Dimia (550 rubles)	nomegestrol and estradiol Zoely (1000 rubles)

Ethinylestradiol and dienogest: Janine (800 rubles), Silhouette (400 rubles)		Ethinylestradiol and cyproterone: Diana 35 (820 rubles), Chloe 35 (450 rubles), Erica 35 (360 rubles)

How to take hormonal oral contraceptives correctly

Standard blisters with COCs contain 21 tablets. There are only a few exceptions, for example, Jess - a new generation of birth control pills, in which there are 24 pills and which are often prescribed by gynecologists to young women. For women after 35 years, the doctor may recommend Qlaira tablets, a new generation of oral contraceptives containing 28 tablets.

How to take birth control pills:

• Tablets should be taken every day, at about the same hour, starting on the first day of menstruation.
• In order not to forget about taking the next pill, it is better to put them in the place where a woman looks every day (in a cosmetic bag, to a toothbrush or attach a magnet to the refrigerator).
• Every day one tablet is drunk until the blister is over.
• Then you need to take a break for a week.
• During this time period, menstrual-like bleeding will begin.
• At the end of 7 days, start taking COC again, regardless of whether the period has ended or not.
• In case of vomiting, it is necessary to take an extraordinary tablet.
• If you miss taking a pill, you need to drink it as soon as possible.
• In these two cases, during the day you need to additionally protect yourself.
• At the very beginning of taking COCs, if they have not been used before, additional protection should be taken during the first 14 days.
• Intermenstrual bleeding is not considered a reason to stop taking pills (see)
• Usually they are noted in the first 2 - 3 months, and indicate a reconfiguration of the body from hormones that are synthesized in the ovaries and pituitary gland to hormones that come from outside.

Taking hormonal combination drugs after medical termination of pregnancy should be started either on the day) or a month later, when the first menstruation begins.

The contraceptive effect of hormonal drugs may decrease when used simultaneously with a number of drugs, for example, rifampicin (it stimulates the activity of liver enzymes). Therefore, when prescribing treatment for any disease, inform your doctor about taking oral contraceptives, carefully study the instructions for using the drugs prescribed to you. In case of appointment medicines that reduce the effect of COCs, additionally use other methods of protection (condoms).

The standard mini-pill blister contains 28 tablets. These tablets are drunk without a break for 7 days, just like COCs, at the same hour. Mini-pills are suitable for women who are breastfeeding. If a woman is not lactating or prefers artificial feeding, then low-dose COCs (Belara, Minisiston, Regulon and others) are recommended to her. You can start taking COCs as early as 21-28 days after delivery.

It is worth knowing that the contraceptive effect begins to manifest itself after 2 weeks of taking the pills, and the 100% effect and reliability of such a contraceptive method as OK occurs in the second month of taking the drugs. Ovarian blockade begins as soon as hormones begin to flow from the outside, but the maximum guarantee comes after a month's course of their use.

Side effects of birth control pills

Side effects are signs or conditions that develop when using contraceptives, but do not threaten the health of women. They are divided into 2 groups:

In the event of serious, as well as persistent small side effects, contraceptives are canceled.

Regardless of the chosen OK, a woman needs a periodic assessment of her health in connection with possible side effects from their use, namely:

• Blood pressure: measure every 6 months
• Physical examination (breast, liver palpation, gynecological examination), urinalysis: 1 r / year
• Monthly breast self-examination.

It is no secret that in many developing countries regular check-ups are unlikely, and there are programs (in some countries) to distribute OCs to women who do not have access to medical care. This points to high probability that OCs will be used by high-risk groups of women. Consequently, it will be more difficult for such women to obtain medical care in case of dangerous side effects.

Absolute contraindications to oral contraceptives

Diseases in which the appointment of oral contraceptives is not desirable: (congenital hyperbilirubinemia), bronchial asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, thyrotoxicosis, ), myasthenia gravis, sarcoidosis, retinitis pigmentosa, thalassemia, renal dialysis.

At the end of the article there is a video of a TV show that tells in detail about the dangers of using OK by any woman, since even in the absence of the above contraindications (the woman and the doctor may not know about them), it would seem healthy woman the risk of developing pulmonary thromboembolism, the development of oncology, is extremely high.

Hormonal contraceptives and possible pregnancy

Can you get pregnant while taking birth control?

This question worries many women. Of course, pregnancy against the background of the use of hormonal oral contraceptives is not excluded, but its probability is too small.

• First of all, an unwanted pregnancy occurs when the rules for taking pills are violated (missing, irregular, in different time intake past the expiration date of the drug).
• It should also be taken into account possible vomiting in case of poisoning or joint use with drugs that reduce the contraceptive effect of hormonal pills.

Is it possible to take contraceptives when pregnancy has already occurred or is suspected?

The answer to this question is negative. If pregnancy after taking contraceptives has happened, it is desirable, then there is no indication for its termination (interruption). You just have to stop taking the pills right away.

Taking hormonal pills in late childbearing age

Currently, in economically developed countries, about half of married couples after 40 years of age prefer sterilization. Of the hormonal drugs, COCs or mini-pills are used. Women who are over the age of 35 should stop using hormones if they have cardiovascular pathology along with smoking high risk oncology. A good alternative for women after 40 - 45 years old are mini-pills. These drugs are indicated for uterine fibroids, endometrioid inclusions and endometrial hyperplasia.

Emergency and non-hormonal contraception

• emergency contraception

If sexual intercourse has occurred without the use of means that protect against pregnancy, emergency (fire) contraception is carried out. One of the well-known and widely used drugs is Postinor, Escapel. You can take Postinor no later than 72 hours after coition without the use of contraceptives.

First you need to drink one tablet, and after 12 hours, the second is taken. But COCs can also be used for fire contraception. The only condition is that one tablet must contain at least 50 micrograms of ethinylestradiol and 0.25 mg of levonorgestrel. First, you should drink 2 tablets as soon as possible after intercourse, and repeat the intake of 2 more after 12 hours.

These drugs can only be used in case of emergency (rape, broken condom), WHO does not recommend their use more than 4 times a year, but in Russia they are popular and used by women much more often (see). In fact, they have an abortive effect, of course, this is not a surgical procedure like a medical abortion, but it is no less harmful from the point of view of the further reproductive function of the female body.

• Non-hormonal contraception

They are spermicides that are used topically to prevent unwanted pregnancy. The active component of such tablets inactivates spermatozoa and “does not let” them into the uterine cavity. Moreover, non-hormonal tablets have anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects. These tablets are used intravaginally, that is, they are inserted deep into the vagina before intercourse. Examples of non-hormonal tablets: Pharmatex, Benatex, Patentex Oval and others.

Arguments FOR taking hormonal birth control pills

Contraceptive pills, especially new birth control pills (new generation) have advantages over barrier contraceptives. Positive points use of OK, which are promoted by gynecologists:

• one of the most reliable and high-quality methods of contraception (efficiency reaches 100%);
• can be used at almost any age;
• against the background of taking contraceptive pills, the menstrual cycle becomes regular, pain may disappear during menstruation (see);
• good cosmetic effect(disappearance of acne, oiliness or dryness of hair and skin disappear, reduction of pathological hair growth);
• peace of mind (no fear of getting pregnant);
• the possibility of accelerating the onset of menstruation or its delay;
• therapeutic effect - endometriosis, uterine fibroids, ovarian cyst (do OK healing effect- while it remains very controversial issue since most of the research is done by manufacturers hormonal contraceptives);
• after refusing to take pills, fertility is usually restored within 2-6 menstrual cycles (with rare exceptions up to a year).

But despite all the advantages, there are much more negative consequences from taking hormonal contraceptives and they outweigh the arguments FOR. Therefore, the decision to drink birth control pills is made by the doctor and the woman herself, based on the presence of contraindications, possible side effects of these drugs, general condition health and chronic diseases. According to the results of many studies, the use of oral contraceptives (long-term), has a long-term Negative consequences for the health of a woman, especially those who smoke and have any chronic diseases.

Arguments AGAINST oral contraceptives

In the modern world, the pharmaceutical industry is the same business as any other sector of the economy, and the material benefit from the sale of drugs that a woman needs every month is fabulous. Over the past decades, several studies have been conducted by independent American experts, the results of which suggest that taking hormonal contraceptives by a woman before the birth of 1 child increases the risk, and increases the cervix. In addition, OK cause depression, contribute to the development of osteoporosis, hair loss, and the appearance of pigmentation on the body.

Hormones produced by the body perform certain functions in the body, controlled in the higher hormonal centers - the pituitary and hypothalamus, which are associated with the adrenal glands, thyroid gland and ovaries (peripheral organs). The ovaries have a clear hormonal interaction with the whole body, the uterus waits every cycle for a fertilized egg, and even small doses of hormones coming from outside disrupt this fragile interaction.

With prolonged use of hormonal contraceptives, the functions of the genital organs completely change. Every day, taking a pill suppresses ovulation, the release of an egg does not occur, ovarian function is suppressed, which in turn depresses the regulatory centers. With prolonged use of tablets (for years), a woman in the uterus changes the inner layer, since it is rejected unevenly (hence bleeding and). The mucous layer and tissue of the uterus gradually change, which in the future (more often during menopause) threatens with oncological degeneration.

With prolonged use of oral contraceptives, the amount of sex hormones decreases, the ovaries decrease in size, their nutrition is disturbed - this is a powerful blow to the reproductive function of the body. Both at the beginning of the intake and after stopping the intake of OK, a failure occurs in the hormonal system, therefore, in some women, the restoration of reproductive function occurs within a year, and in some cases it may not recover at all. So:

• women with the above contraindications should never take oral contraceptives, since it is possible to develop serious complications, up to death (development of vascular thrombosis), oncology;
• with prolonged use of OK, the excretion of vitamin B6 from the body is accelerated, which can lead to hypovitaminosis B6, as well as vitamin B2 (see), which adversely affects nervous system(weakness, insomnia, irritability, skin diseases etc., see);
• OK also disrupt the absorption of folic acid, which is very important for the body, which is very necessary 3 months before conception and during a future desired pregnancy and (see), the addition of which to some hormonal contraceptives is only a marketing ploy;
• With prolonged use (over 3 years), the risk of developing glaucoma increases by 2 times. Studies by scientists at the University of California showed that (3500 women over 40 years old, from 2005 to 2008 took contraceptives) when taken for 3 years without interruption of oral contraception, women are more likely to be diagnosed with glaucoma.
• oral contraceptives significantly increase the risk of developing osteoporosis in women in the future (after 40 years, see);
• taking OK for 5 years or more increases the risk by 3 times (see). Researchers attribute the growth of this disease to the "Era of hormonal contraception";

Today - in the age of oncological tension and not improved early diagnosis of the initial asymptomatic stages of oncology, a woman taking OK may not be aware of the presence of early stages of oncology in her, in which contraceptives are contraindicated and contribute to aggressive tumor growth;

• studies by Danish scientists show that long-term use in women is 1.5-3 times;
• oral contraceptives contribute to thrombosis in any vessels, incl. and vessels of the brain, heart, pulmonary artery, which increases the risk of stroke and death from pulmonary thromboembolism. The risk increases depending on the dose of hormones, as well as additional risk factors - high blood pressure, smoking (especially over 35 years old), genetic disposition, see;
• taking oral contraceptives increases the risk of developing chronic venous insufficiency - pain in the legs, night cramps, feeling of heaviness in the legs, transient edema, trophic ulcers;
• an increased risk of developing inflammatory diseases cervical, breast cancer
• in some cases, the return of fertility is delayed (1 - 2%), that is, the body gets used to the intake of hormones from the outside and in the future, some women may have difficulty conceiving;
• do not provide protection against genital infections, so their use is not advisable in the presence of many partners, women who are promiscuous sexual life(only condoms protect against sexually transmitted infections and viruses, including), syphilis, etc.);
• taking oral contraceptives can provoke the appearance of a woman's body;
• according to American studies in women taking oral contraceptives, the risk early development multiple sclerosis increases by 35% (see, which today can be in both a 20-year-old and a 50-year-old woman);
• one of them may be taking oral contraceptives;
• the risks of developing transient increase;
• women taking OCs are more likely to develop depression;
• some women have significantly reduced libido;
• the need for self-monitoring and daily intake;
• errors are not excluded when using contraceptive pills;
• the need to consult a gynecologist before taking;
• the price is quite high

According to WHO, about 100 million women use oral contraception, which brings fabulous profits to drug cartels. Manufacturers of hormonal contraceptives are extremely uninterested in disseminating truthful information about the dangers of products that bring them huge profits.

Today, all over the world there is a powerful public opposition aimed at banning the sale of dangerous drugs, and information about their potential harm is publicly available. The result of this is that European and American gynecologists strongly recommend condoms, which protect not only from unwanted pregnancy, but also from genital infections. Next in popularity is hormonal patch and then spiral.

After reports of harm to OK, several deaths and litigation, in some countries (USA, Germany, France) the drug Diane-35 is prohibited, and surveys of Europeans showed that 67% of people aged 15-63 try to protect themselves with condoms, these are married couples and free women, 17% prefer the patch, 6% use the coil, the remaining 5-10% continue to use OC.

Russian doctors actively continue to offer (advertise) oral contraception to women, moreover, they prescribe them to girls from the age of 14-18, without reporting the potential and quite real threat their health.

Contraceptive drugs. The overall popularity of these tools is influenced by ease of use, reliability and minimum side effects on the body.

In today's world, there is a huge choice of contraceptive protection and it is very difficult for most women to choose the best contraceptive pills.

Before purchasing these funds, you should carefully read all the proposed options and learn more about their features and benefits.

There are several varieties of combined oral contraceptives that can provide different protection against unwanted pregnancy. This, and drugs.

The table below describes some types of contraceptives.

Monophasic drugs

Every year there are new and improved drugs, but many women prefer to take contraceptives. previous generations.

Monophasic contraceptive pills differ from other types of drugs in the presence of two important hormones: progestogen and estrogen.

They are present in tablets in equal amounts and allow you to achieve almost complete control over menstruation and the process of ovulation.

These tablets are indicated for women of different reproductive ages who are in great need of high-quality protection against unexpected pregnancy. Monophasic products are suitable for most women.

• If we consider low-dose products, then they are suitable for nulliparous and more women senior age category, for example, after 35 years.
• Medium-dose experts advise for women who have already given birth, and for those in an older reproductive age.
• And high-dose drugs can be prescribed when medium-dose ones are ineffective.

There is three type of female phenotype.

Monophasic pills are more often prescribed for women of small and medium height with a curvaceous figure and a long menstrual cycle.

Also, in the presence of an antiandrogenic component, they can be recommended for tall women, lean physique with meager periods.

Jess

Effective hormonal tablets with antiandrogenic and antimeneralocorticoid properties. It contains drospirenone and ethinylestradiol. It acts by suppressing ovulation and changing the cervical serota. At correct use The Pearl Index, which means the number of pregnancies per year per 100 women, may be less than 1.

Affects regular periods, which become less painful and intense. Disappear severe symptoms PMS such as headaches, swelling and pain in the mammary glands and characteristic pain in joints and muscles. Also, this drug reduces the risk of various tumors and anemia.

Yarina

It is a combined universal estrogen-progestin contraceptive drug. Its effect is carried out by increasing the viscosity of mucus in the pelvic organs and suppressing ovulation.

Yarina is especially useful for women with acne and noticeable fluid retention due to hormonal causes.

It has a positive effect on the passage of menstruation. It may also affect the elimination painful symptoms during menstruation. Reduces oily hair and skin.

Regulon

This is a combined remedy, which in its composition has an estrogen component (ethinyl estradiol) and a progestogen (desogestrel). It acts by inhibiting the ability to produce gonadotropins of the pituitary gland and makes it difficult to ovulate. At the same time, the density of church mucus decreases and spermatozoa cannot penetrate into the uterus. At the same time, it has a positive effect on lipid metabolism. Works well on the skin and helps to get rid of acne. It also normalizes the menstrual cycle and prevents the development of gynecological diseases.

Janine

It is an estrogen-progestin agent with an antiandrogenic effect. The composition contains hormones: dienogest and ethinylestradiol. it effective remedy produces inhibition of ovulation. In this case, the cycle becomes constant and regular, and the intensity of bleeding also decreases. It also reduces the risk of iron deficiency anemia. Among other things, Jeanine improves performance lipid profile blood.

Lindinet

These are tablets that have an estrogen-progestin effect. Suppresses pituitary secretion of certain hormones. Does not have a noticeable effect on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in the body. Prevents the maturation of a fertile egg. Increases the level of viscosity of the substance in the cervix. It has a healing effect, preventing the development of many gynecological diseases.

Chloe

Combined low-dose contraceptive with antiandrogenic activity. Affects the decrease in activity sebaceous glands and promotes the disappearance of acne. Effectively inhibits ovulation and prevents the maturation of the egg. Affects the normalization of menstruation and reduces the intensity of bleeding. This drug is not recommended for normal level androgens.

In two-phase medicines the dose of estrogen contained same value in all tablets, and the dosage of the progestogen changes for the 1st and 2nd half of the menstrual cycle. The package contains 2 types of tablets.

Biphasic remedies, in addition to the main application, help to cure acne.

Suitable for women of average height, with normal skin and hair, who have a normal menstrual cycle.

It contains hormones such as levonorgestrel and ethinylestradiol. It has a slowing effect on ovulation and the maturation of follicles. They will be used not only as contraception, but also to restore the menstrual cycle and to eliminate painful symptoms.

It is an effective contraceptive combination drug. It contains ethinylestradiol and levonorgestrel. Blocks the release of certain substances of the hypothalamus and suppresses the secretion of the pituitary gland, thereby inhibiting ovulation. Prevents the occurrence of many gynecological diseases.

Is a low-dose oral contraceptive drug. Also contains levonorgestrel and ethinylestradiol. At the level of hypothalamic-pituitary regulation, it suppresses ovulation. Changes the properties of the cervical secret. It affects the change in the substance of the endometrium, which makes it almost impossible for the implantation of the egg after fertilization. Reduces the risk of iron deficiency anemia and reduces bleeding during menstruation.

Represents contraceptive, which regulates the passage of menstruation and contributes to the timely prevention of dangerous gynecological diseases. For example, various tumors. It contains such hormonal substances as levonorgestrel and ethinylestradiol. When properly taken orally, it depresses the pituitary secretion of hormones, which inhibits the release of an egg ready for maturation.

Triphasic contraceptives

Experts say:

• That young girls are best suited for monophasic pills that do not cause noticeable changes in the hormonal system.
• And women after 30 years of age and giving birth are recommended drugs "not contrary to nature", that is, two- and three-phase contraceptives.

Before choosing a particular tool, you need to consult a specialist.

Three-phase preparations can simulate the menstrual cycle, since they contain hormones in numbers as close as possible to physiological characteristics. These tablets contain two types of hormones, but there are three types of tablets in the package.

Tablets are used first certain color and then drink successively the remaining two colors.

Modern high-quality tablets have a general regulatory effect on female body and do not make changes in the endocrine structure.

Substances in triphasic tablets affect activity corpus luteum ovaries and significantly reduce the thickness and activity of the endometrium, which prevents implantation.

Important benefits of these drugs include their ability to reduce the risk of cysts, ectopic pregnancies and various tumors.

This drug contains hormones in different proportions. These are the progestin hormones levonorgestrel and ethinylestradiol. Triziston normalizes the menstrual cycle and relieves pain during menstruation.

This is an effective three-phase contraceptive that mimics the physiological fluctuations in the level of certain hormones in the blood during the menstrual cycle and contributes to the remarkable tolerability of the drug. This remedy increases the viscosity of mucus in the cervix and inhibits the secretion of gonadotropic hormones by the pituitary gland, which affects the inhibition of ovulation.

Provides high contraceptive effectiveness, due to the ingestion of progestin with estrogen, released in different phases cycle and in this ratio corresponding physiological processes. Not only prevents pregnancy, but also regulates the menstrual cycle.

mini pili

Data quality drugs contain only one progestogen. Their action is based on local action on the peripheral areas reproductive system. They affect the amount and structure of the cervical mucous substance, and also make changes in the biochemical processes of the endometrium. These drugs are less effective combined analogues, but can be successfully used in the presence of some contraindications.

• The undoubted advantage of this drug is that it can be taken by women who are not recommended combined drugs. For example, in diabetes mellitus, blood pressure, migraines.
• And also shown to women after 35 years, especially those who smoke.
• May be effective in women who are breastfeeding.
• This drug is recommended for women after 40 years.

The advantage of these contraceptives is the presence of fewer side effects than when taking combined drugs.

It is a synthetic progestogen. It prevents the introduction of a fertilized egg into the uterus, due to a change in the composition of cervical mucus and the transformation of endometrial secretion. Contains linestrenol. Exluton is recommended for nursing mothers. At long-term use it prevents inflammatory processes in the pelvic organs and reduces the risk of fibrocystic mastopathy.

It is a contraceptive product that contains only progestogen (desogestrel). The effect of preventing pregnancy is achieved by inhibiting ovulation, which is provided by thickening the cervical mucus. Reception this medicine leads to a significant decrease in the values ​​of the amount of estradiol to those characteristic of the early follicular phase.

In its composition contains a hormonal substance - norgestrel. This is a progestogen drug that has a contraceptive effect. Affects a decrease in contractility and activity of the muscles of the fallopian tubes and uterus. Affects the secretion of hypothalamic factors and blocks the formation of gonadotropic hormones. It has an efficiency of about 97%.

There are simply no ideal recommendations on the best birth control pills to choose. In any case, it will not be superfluous to consult a doctor who will prescribe the most best option. It is important to remember a simple rule that if there is no period for 3 months after taking contraceptives, then most likely this drug is right for you. It should also be borne in mind that any drug should not be taken for a long time.

Hormones have a noticeable effect on the female body and its functions. Water-salt balance, metabolism, bone health, sexual development and fertility are just a few of them. Certain hormones, such as insulin, which controls blood glucose levels, should not be taken orally as the digestive system will break it down. However, many others are well absorbed and available as tablets, capsules, and dragees.

Gynecologists and endocrinologists often prescribe hormonal drugs to women to treat diseases or control specific bodily functions that are closely related to hormone production.

FEMALE HORMONAL PILLS: LIST AND DESCRIPTION

1. Estrogens

In women, these sex hormones are normal in enough produced by the ovaries. The doctor may prescribe estrogens in the form of female hormone pills for menopause (such as Femoston or Divina) to treat hot flashes, fever, vaginal dryness, and other symptoms. They can be prescribed for amenorrhea and deficiency of this female hormone. In addition, estrogens can be shown to prevent osteoporosis and bone loss in postmenopausal women after 40–45 years of age.

Female hormonal products that contain only estrogen may increase the risk of endometrial cancer. Combined replacement therapy hormone pills that contain both estrogens and progestogens usually do not cause this side effect. This combination is also used as a contraceptive.

The most popular hormonal pills and estrogen preparations for women in Russia and the CIS, which can be bought at a pharmacy:

• patch Klimara (Climara) - estradiol,
• dragee Proginova (Proginova) - estradiol valerate,
• tablets Estrofem (Estrofem) - estradiol,
• gel Divigel (Divigel) - estradiol,
• Estrogel gel (Oestrogel) - estradiol (in the form of hemihydrate),
• candles Ovestin (Ovestin) - estriol (estriol).

Additional list of female hormonal drugs with estrogens (names):

• Cenestin (Senestin) tablets,
• femtrace,
• Ogen (Ogen),
• Vivelle Dot,
• menest,
• Elestrin (including in the form of a gel),
• Femring (vaginal estrogen)
• Premarin (Premarin),
• Evamist (estrogen skin spray)
• Vagifem (Vagifem),
• Minivelle (patch),
• Estrace (also as a vaginal cream)
• enjuvia,
• Estrasorb
• Estring,
• Estraderm (Estraderm),
• Yuvafem (Yuvafem),
• Alora,
• Delestrogen (Delestrogen),
• Depo-Estradiol,
• esclim,
• Estradot (Estradot),
• Gynodiol,
• Menostar,
• Oesclim,
• Ortho-Est.

Hormonal preparations are prescription! The use of any of them is possible only on the recommendation of a doctor and after passing the tests. Taking hormones has a large list of contraindications and side effects, before using them, you must carefully read the instructions.

In the presence of symptoms (, anovulation and infertility, and / or baldness along male type) and testimonies based on the results of the tests for the girl can also be assigned.

1. Progestogens and their combinations with estrogen

Progestogens (progestins, gestagens) are synthetic hormones that, once in the female body, work like natural progesterone. Combined drugs estrogen and progestogen are most commonly used as birth control pills. They suppress ovulation, without which conception is impossible. Combined contraceptives are also sometimes prescribed to reduce pain or bleeding caused by endometriosis or fibroids.

Instead of COCs, girls are sometimes prescribed female hormonal mini-pills. They do not contain estrogen, but contain only a small dose of progestin. For emergency contraception progestin tablets may also be given at a higher dose (Plan B, Next Choice).

Progestins are also used to treat amenorrhea, premenstrual tension, and abnormal uterine bleeding.

Commonly prescribed progestogen preparations for women:

• tablets Duphaston (Duphaston) - dydrogesterone,
• capsules Utrozhestan (Utrogectan) - progesterone,
• gel Progestogel (Progestogel) - progesterone,
• spiral Mirena (Mirena) - levonorgestrel,
• tablets Postinor (Postinor) - levonorgestrel,
• tab. Exluton - linestrenol,
• tab. Norkolut - norethisterone.

Combined estrogen-gestagenic female hormonal preparations:

• Femoston tablets (Femoston),
• dragee Femoden (Femoden),
• tab. Mercilon (Mercilon),
• dragee Klimonorm (Klimonorm),
• tab. Marvelon (Marvelon),
• tab. Divina (Divina),
• dragee Cyclo-Proginova (Cyclo-Proginova),
• tab. Microgynon (Microgynon),
• tbl. Marvelon (Marvelon),
• Drzh Trikvilar (Triquilar).

Additional list of drugs:

• Megace ES,
• Plan B,
• Heather,
• Fallback Solo,
• Next Choice,
• kyleena,
• Megace (Megeys),
• Opcicon One Step,
• Makena,
• skyla,
• aftera,
• Provera,
• Implanon (Implanon NKST),
• Ortho Micronor,
• Aygestin,
• liletta,
• Lisa (Lisa),
• Jencycla,
• Nexplanon (Nexplanon),
• debo-subQ provera 104 (injections),
• Jolivette,
• Nora Be,
• EContra EZ,
• Crinon (Crinone),
• Nor QD,
• endometrin,
• First Progesterone MC10,
• hylutin,
• Prodrox.

1. Corticosteroids

Corticosteroid hormone pills work in the same way as natural cortisol and other hormones produced by the adrenal glands. The corticosteroid drugs most commonly prescribed by doctors are hydrocortisone (Cortef), dexamethasone, methylprednisolone (Medrol), and prednisone.

These drugs have anti-inflammatory properties and are often prescribed in the treatment of chronic inflammatory or autoimmune diseases, including seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, asthma, arthritis, lupus erythematosus, ulcerative colitis, etc. Hydrocortisone is also indicated for people with adrenal insufficiency and low cortisol.

1. Levothyroxine

Levothyroxine (Synthroid, Levothroid) - drugs with this active substance used to treat people with hypothyroidism. This condition is more common in women and usually occurs because the immune system starts to attack thyroid gland. The risk of hypothyroidism increases with age and occurs in approximately 10% of women and 6% of men over 65 years of age.

WOMEN'S HORMONAL PILLS: CONTRAINDICATIONS AND EFFECTS ON THE ORGANISM

Before starting hormone therapy, be sure to tell your doctor if you have:

• have or have had vaginal bleeding,
• there is a predisposition to certain types cancer (uterus, ovaries, breast),
• have or may develop blood clots, stroke, heart problems,
• circulatory disorders,
• diseases,
• suspicion of pregnancy.

Hormonal medications have side effects. Serious problems health problems can occur in women taking hormone therapy for menopause over the age of 50.

1. In some women, hormone pills can increase the chances of blood clots (which can lead to vision loss), heart attacks, stroke, and breast cancer.
2. In patients aged 65 years and older, female hormonal drugs may increase the risk of developing dementia.
3. Other side effects include: high blood pressure, problems with the pancreas, pain and tightness in the chest, digestive problems, dizziness, the development of a vaginal infection.