Impacted teeth can be removed in pairs. Removal of impacted and dystopic teeth. Impacted and dystopic tooth: what is it

A dystopian tooth is a tooth that is incorrectly located or displaced in the dentition.

Such a tooth is dangerous because it can put pressure on the dentition, which will eventually lead to the inclination of all teeth and malocclusion. It is difficult to imagine, but it happens that the teeth are even perpendicular to the normal direction of tooth growth.

An impacted tooth is a tooth that has not erupted, which, due to some circumstances, it did not come out and remained completely or partially hidden by the gum or bone.

Impacted teeth not only deform the gums and spoil appearance of the dentition, but also affect the chewing function, preventing the normal chewing of food. Most often these are the so-called "wisdom teeth". Many patients have already had to remove their wisdom teeth, including for this reason.

Retention that slows down teething can be:

  • partial in which the tooth appears above the surface of the gums only partially. Most often, only visible top part;
  • complete, in which the tooth is completely hidden by bone tissue or mucous membrane.

A dystopian tooth is a tooth that is placed incorrectly in the dentition. He may grow up in the wrong place where he should have been. It grows at the wrong angle, perhaps even turned around its own axis. It affects the condition of the others, affecting their inclination and breaking the bite, which greatly spoils the smile. Very often there are people whose teeth have both of these flaws.

Why "wisdom teeth" do not grow correctly

Wisdom teeth, or the outermost teeth in a row, usually erupt between the ages of 18 and 25. And they grow, as a rule, with serious violations.

Only the lucky ones can boast of even and straight grown “eights”. Frequent problems wisdom teeth become retention and dystopia, in most cases even both ailments at once.

The incorrect growth of wisdom teeth is explained by the fact that, firstly, they grow in adulthood, when the bone tissue is fully formed, it is very dense and hard - naturally, it is incredibly difficult to “break through” it. Secondly, modern man eighth teeth are not needed - our ancestors used them for chewing raw meat. Wisdom teeth do not even have guides - milk teeth, so they have to make their own path in hard bone.

To identify the pathology of the development of the "eighth" tooth, it is necessary to take an x-ray or computed tomography. After detecting retention or dystopia, you should immediately consult a doctor. He will decide whether something can be done to save the tooth, or whether it is necessary to remove the impacted wisdom tooth, because the consequences, if nothing is done, may not be the most pleasant.

Pathologies of tooth development can cause:

  • malocclusion;
  • inflammation of the gums;
  • injury to the mucosa, cheeks and tongue;
  • infection maxillary sinus;
  • swelling of muscle tissue.

Indications and contraindications for the removal operation

In most cases, the removal of an impacted or dystopic tooth is the only way avoid further complications.

In particular, among the indications for surgical intervention:

  • pain in the area of ​​the tooth, swelling of the gums;
  • facial numbness due to pressure exerted impacted tooth on the nerve endings;
  • high risk changes in the position of the teeth adjacent to the dystopian;
  • the need to carry out a prosthetic procedure, which interferes with the problem tooth;
  • retention-induced osteomyelitis or periostitis,
  • chronic pulpitis or periodontitis;
  • orthodontic treatment requiring extra space in the jaw.

Even a healthy impacted wisdom tooth can be removed if the "seven" next to it is affected. carious process. This is done so that the dentist can fully process the carious cavity.

Contraindications for the removal of impacted and dystopic teeth include:

Pregnant women should be careful dental procedures. It is recommended to remove an impacted wisdom tooth in the second trimester or at the very beginning of the third.

Removal of an impacted tooth

Extraction of an impacted tooth is quite common surgery.

An impacted tooth is a tooth that cannot erupt on its own, and therefore cannot be placed in the right place, therefore it remains inside the bone or is located under the mucous membrane. Most often, the removal of an impacted tooth is the removal of a wisdom tooth.

The cause of such a tooth may be early removal milk teeth or incorrect position of the molars, which shift the entire row and leave no room for the growth of a new tooth. In all cases, the extraction of an impacted tooth is the most effective way restore beauty and health to your smile.

Since the impacted tooth is located incorrectly, its removal is a complex procedure that requires high qualifications. To remove an impacted tooth, the doctor cuts the mucous membrane, and then drills through the bone tissue with a burr so that the tooth itself can be removed. Sometimes it is necessary to divide the tooth into parts if it reaches a large size.

After the operation, the doctor places a medicine in the hole that has formed, which speeds up healing and relieves pain. AT rare cases the doctor sews up the resulting hole, this is done if it was large enough.

The extraction of an impacted tooth sometimes takes up to three hours - it depends on the size and location of the tooth being removed. Sometimes patients develop swelling in the place that the doctor drilled with a burr, this lasts from 1 to 5 days. Also, patients may experience pain after surgery to remove an impacted tooth, but in this case, the doctor prescribes local anesthetics. The next day after the procedure, the patient needs to visit a doctor.

There is an opinion that an operation to remove an impacted tooth is not necessary if it does not cause concern.

But such a tooth is often the cause of infection, which eventually leads to caries, periodontitis, pericoronitis and other more dangerous diseases.

Extraction of a dystopic tooth

A dystopian is a tooth that is incorrectly located or displaced in a row.

Extraction of a dystopic tooth is necessary procedure, which allows you to avoid pressure on the remaining teeth, and therefore prevent the tilt of all teeth or the formation malocclusion. Also, an operation to remove a dystopic tooth helps to avoid such complications as soft tissue injury. Canines, incisors and wisdom teeth can be dystopian.

The reason for this anomaly is wrong position tooth germ, which has a genetic or embryonic origin, as well as the influence of external factors.

The removal of a dystopic tooth is not addressed immediately, most often dentists try to avoid surgery using orthodontic treatment. But if the patient is over 15 years old, then usually it does not give results, so you have to resort to removal.

The removal of a dystopic tooth is a very complicated surgical operation, since the location of such a tooth is atypical. To be sure of the quality of the procedure, you should contact qualified specialists working with new equipment.

What is retinated and dystopic tooth And does it need to be removed? What causes pathology and what is its danger to health oral cavity.

We will also consider the question of how these teeth are removed, we will provide photographic materials on this topic.

What is a dystopic and impacted tooth?

A dystopic tooth is a tooth whose growth occurs with deviations from the norm. Yes, sometimes it leads to serious pain and expensive treatment, but dystopia is far from the most terrible disease oral cavity.

Pathologies of tooth growth exist a large number of, it can grow correctly, but in the wrong place. Or vice versa, grow with deviations (at the wrong angle, on the wrong side) in the place allotted to him. Depending on these factors, several types of dystopia are distinguished:

  • vestibular - the tooth is tilted to the side;
  • tortoposition - rotated around its axis;
  • medial and distal - pushed forward or "pressed" into the jaw.

Retention is also a pathology of tooth growth, but it differs from dystopia. An impacted tooth is one that has not erupted or has not erupted completely, they are of two types:

  1. Not completely cut through, which crawled out of the gums only partially.
  2. Completely hidden under bone tissue or gums.

In some cases, a tooth can be both impacted and dystopic at the same time, most often this happens with “eights” (wisdom teeth). Pathology causes severe discomfort patient and threaten complex issues not only the oral cavity, but also other organs and systems.

Photo and diagram

The reasons

Why does pathology occur? The main reason for the appearance of impacted or dystopic teeth is hereditary predisposition.

In humans, the parameters of the structure of the jaw could be genetically laid down, in which some teeth do not have enough space. As a rule, this happens with the “eights”, which are cut last.

In addition to this reason, dentists identify several other factors:

The medical history plays a special role important role, since simple removal will not solve the problem of malocclusion, which requires complex treatment.

Which teeth are at risk?

AT varying degrees all teeth are prone to dystopic appearance impacted teeth, but most often suffer from pathology:

  1. Wisdom teeth - this is partly due to the above factors that affect the structure of the dentition, and partly because the third molars are an atavism that gradually disappears in the course of human evolution.
  2. Canines - if before their appearance the molars did not grow correctly, then the canines may well have a growth pathology. Dystopian canines cause much more discomfort than last molars. This is due not only to questions of the aesthetics of a smile, but also to violations in the process of chewing food.

The rest of the teeth can also be dystopic and impacted, but it depends on individual features structure of the human dentition. Dystopic incisors are very rare and cause the greatest discomfort.

Removal of an impacted and dystopic tooth

They are indeed very often removed, but not always. If the pathology is not catastrophic and is found in early age(the patient is not more than 15-16 years old), then the treatment can be carried out by orthodontic methods.

If the pathology is significant and the age of the patient does not predispose to the installation orthodontic structures, then the dentist will remove the dystopic tooth. The operation is complex and requires serious skills from the doctor, it is carried out in several stages:

It is not always the dystopian tooth that is removed; sometimes, due to lack of space, the dentist can remove healthy tooth and let the dystopian grow normally. This is done in order not to remove canines with pathology of growth, because their absence negatively affects the functioning of the entire dentoalveolar system.

Video: impacted tooth removal mandible.

Care after surgery

Most milestone after the removal procedure postoperative period. The main goal of caring for a wound after surgery is to prevent infection and heal it as soon as possible, so adhere to the following rules:

Safe wound healing depends not only on the quality of the work of the dentist, but also on how accurately you adhere to the above universal rules. The doctor can give additional recommendations that will take into account the condition of your particular oral cavity.

Effects

Often people do not take any action in relation to dystopic and impacted teeth, believing that they do not bring discomfort, or are in fear of visiting the dentist. This is especially true of the “eights”, whose growth pathologies do not cause aesthetic inconvenience.

However, the absence professional treatment a number of problems serious consequences. What happens if the patient does not receive dental care on time?

  1. The pathology of the bite creates difficulties in chewing food, which leads to problems with the digestive organs.
  2. They negatively affect other elements of the dentoalveolar system, the lack of treatment can lead to the loss of neighboring teeth.
  3. A person may experience problems with diction and associated discomfort.
  4. Injuries to the tongue and cheeks during eating are possible.

Modern dentistry allows you to quickly and efficiently correct the problem and save you from the above complications.

Video: when is it advisable to remove a wisdom tooth? – “Expert speaks”

Additional questions

ICD-10 code

According to International classification diseases, dystopian teeth are in the section "Impacted and imact teeth", they are assigned the code K01.0.

FAQ


First of all, one that does not hurt the gums during use. At the same time, the quality of oral hygiene depends more on whether the teeth are brushed correctly than on the shape or type of toothbrush. Concerning electric brushes, then for ignorant people they are a more preferable option; although you can brush your teeth with a simple (manual) brush. In addition, a toothbrush alone is often not enough - flosses (special dental floss) should be used to clean between the teeth.

Rinses are optional hygiene products which effectively clean the entire oral cavity from harmful bacteria. All these tools can be divided into two large groups– treatment-and-prophylactic and hygienic.

The latter include rinsing agents that eliminate bad smell and promote fresh breath.

As for therapeutic and prophylactic, these include rinses that have anti-plaque / anti-inflammatory / anti-carious effects and help reduce the sensitivity of hard dental tissues. This is achieved due to the presence of different kind biologically active components. Therefore, the rinse aid must be selected for each specific person on an individual basis, as well as toothpaste. And since the product is not washed off with water, it only fixes the effect. active components pastes.

Such cleaning is completely safe for dental tissues and less traumatic. soft tissues oral cavity. The point is that in dental clinics a special level of ultrasonic vibrations is selected, which affects the density of the stone, disrupts its structure and separates it from the enamel. In addition, in places where tissues are treated with an ultrasonic scaler (this is the name of the device for cleaning teeth), a special cavitation effect occurs (after all, oxygen molecules are released from water droplets, which enter the treatment zone and cool the tip of the instrument). Cell membranes pathogenic microorganisms are torn apart by these molecules, causing microbes to die.

It turns out that ultrasonic cleaning has a complex effect (provided that really high-quality equipment is used) both on the stone and on the microflora as a whole, cleaning it. Oh oh mechanical cleaning you won't say it. Furthermore, ultrasonic cleaning more pleasant for the patient and takes less time.

According to dentists, dental treatment should be carried out regardless of your position. Moreover, a pregnant woman is recommended to visit a dentist every one or two months, because, as you know, when carrying a baby, the teeth are significantly weakened, they suffer from a deficiency of phosphorus and calcium, and therefore the risk of caries or even tooth loss increases significantly. For the treatment of pregnant women, it is necessary to use harmless means anesthesia. The most suitable course of treatment should be selected exclusively by a qualified dentist, who will also prescribe the required preparations that strengthen tooth enamel.

Treating wisdom teeth is quite difficult due to their anatomical structure. Nonetheless, qualified specialists they are successfully treated. Wisdom teeth prosthetics are recommended when one (or more) adjacent tooth missing or it needs to be removed (if you also remove a wisdom tooth, then there will simply be nothing to chew on). In addition, the removal of a wisdom tooth is undesirable if it is located on the jaw in right place, has its own antagonist tooth and takes part in the chewing process. Also, one should take into account the fact that poor quality treatment can lead to serious complications.

Here, of course, much depends on the taste of the person. So, there are absolutely imperceptible systems attached to inside teeth (known as lingual), but there are also transparent ones. But the most popular are still metal braces having colored metal / elastic ligatures. It's really trendy!

Let's start with the fact that it's just unattractive. If this is not enough for you, we give the following argument - the stone and plaque on the teeth often provoke bad breath. And that's not enough for you? In this case, we move on: if the tartar "grows", this will inevitably lead to irritation and inflammation of the gums, that is, it will create favorable conditions for periodontitis (a disease in which periodontal pockets are formed, pus constantly flows out of them, and the teeth themselves become mobile). And this is already a direct path to loss healthy teeth. Moreover, the number of harmful bacteria at the same time increases, due to which there is an increased cariousness of the teeth.

The service life of an accustomed implant will be tens of years. According to statistics, at least 90 percent of implants function perfectly 10 years after installation, while the service life is on average 40 years. Tellingly, this period will depend both on the design of the product and on how carefully the patient takes care of it. That is why when cleaning without fail you need to use an irrigator. In addition, it is necessary to visit the dentist at least once a year. All these measures will significantly reduce the risk of implant loss.

Removal of a tooth cyst can be performed therapeutically either surgical method. In the second case we are talking about tooth extraction with further cleaning of the gums. In addition, there are those modern methods to save the tooth. This is, first of all, a cystectomy - quite complicated operation, which consists in removing the cyst and the affected root tip. Another method is hemisection, in which the root and a fragment of the tooth above it are removed, after which it (part) is restored with a crown.

As for therapeutic treatment, then it consists in cleaning the cyst by means of root canal. It is also a difficult option, especially not always effective. Which method to choose? This will be decided by the doctor together with the patient.

In the first case, professional systems based on carbamide peroxide or hydrogen peroxide are used to change the color of teeth. Obviously, it is better to give preference to professional bleaching.

Wisdom teeth in 70% of cases grow dystopic, that is, they occupy the wrong position in the dentition. And there are cases when the crown erupts only partially, this is called retention. Such problematic "eights" must be removed, as they become the cause inflammatory diseases, and also distort the dentition.

Indications for extraction of impacted teeth

The impacted tooth remains under the gum or in the jawbone. As a rule, it cannot erupt due to lack of space on a narrow jaw and begins to put pressure on neighboring molars, destroying their roots. This process is accompanied severe pain and mucosal edema. This is a sure signal that it is time for you to see a dentist-surgeon.

But even in the absence of symptoms, doctors often prescribe the removal of impacted "eights". The decision is made after X-ray diagnostics.

The main indications for removal:

  • pericoronitis - the formation of a gingival hood over the crown;
  • inflammatory process different nature(periodontitis, osteomyelitis, etc.);
  • numbness of the face due to the pressure of the "eight" on the nerve endings;
  • formation of a cyst or flux;
  • severe swelling soft tissues when facial features change;
  • the wisdom tooth grows horizontally and abuts against the adjacent crown.

However, you should postpone the operation in such cases:

  • period reduced immunity(seasonal colds, etc.);
  • exacerbation of an infection or viral disease;
  • hypertensive crisis;
  • blood diseases (hemophilia, etc.);
  • pregnancy.

When are dystopic teeth removed?

Dystopic teeth on the frontal parts of the jaw (incisors and canines), as a rule, are not removed. They can be put in "their" place with the help of orthodontic treatment. For example, if the crown has grown at an angle, or is rotated around its axis, it is necessary to install a bracket system.

Dystopic wisdom teeth are subject to removal, insofar as they cause a number of problems:

  • displace the entire dentition, violating occlusion (occlusion);
  • interfere with the installation of a prosthesis;
  • due to improper location, they lead to a rapid accumulation of plaque and the development of caries;
  • rest against the cheek, injuring the mucous membrane of the mouth.

Methods for removing impacted wisdom teeth

To remove atypical teeth, the following methods are used:

Procedure steps

Used to extract impacted teeth difficult removal that involves surgery. The operation includes the following steps:

  • anesthesia;
  • an incision on the gum to create access to the dental crown;
  • if necessary, drilling and cutting out the bone with a bur;
  • the imposition of surgical forceps and the promotion of their cheeks inward;
  • dislocation and extraction of the tooth;
  • suturing the wound with a special suture material.

The procedure lasts from 20 minutes to 1 hour. For anesthesia, local anesthesia is sufficient. But if you need to eliminate several teeth, extraction is performed under general anesthesia.

Extraction of erupted dystopic teeth does not require dissection of the mucosa. The doctor simply puts forceps on the coronal part, swings the tooth with pendulum movements, and then removes it from the hole.

Removal of impacted and dystopic teeth in the lower jaw is always more difficult, since the structure of the lower jaw bone is more dense.


Complications after surgery

The postoperative period lasts about 5-7 days. As a rule, the doctor prescribes antibiotics to prevent the development of an inflammatory process in the hole (alveolitis).

In the first 2-3 days, swelling of the mucosa, pain, difficulty opening the mouth and eating are possible. Normally, all symptoms gradually subside.

However, you should immediately consult a doctor in such cases:

  • increase in body temperature;
  • profuse bleeding from the hole;
  • appearance putrid smell from mouth;
  • education gray plaque on the walls of the hole;
  • severe swelling, in which half of the face swells.

What to do after removing a problematic wisdom tooth?

After the removal of impacted and dystopic teeth, the following recommendations should be followed:

  • refrain from eating and drinking within 3 hours after the procedure, you should also not smoke;
  • to relieve pain, take an anesthetic tablet or apply an ice cube to your cheek;
  • do not rinse your mouth during the first day, this can destroy blood clot in the hole;
  • do not apply hot compresses to the operation site;
  • in the first 2-3 days it is not recommended to eat too hot and hard food;
  • chew food on the opposite side of the hole;
  • do not take during the first week hot bath, do not visit the sauna, limit physical activity.

Atypical tooth extraction cost

The cost of removing impacted and dystopic teeth depends on the complexity of the operation. Usually, average price is - 10,000-15,000 rubles. Anesthesia is paid separately - about 400 rubles, as well as X-ray- from 500 rubles.

Our website has a list of economy and premium dentistry. If you are looking for a suitable clinic in your area, just use the convenient search engine.

Impacted and dystopic teeth are a pathology that causes inconvenience to a person and causes inflammatory processes soft tissues of the mouth. The formation of defects leads to a change in the position of the entire dentition. In most cases, the patient requires an operation to remove a tooth that has an abnormal form of germination.

In dentistry, there are such concepts as dystopic and impacted teeth. They represent a pathological germination of teeth in the soft tissues of the mouth. Many do not know about the existence of such concepts, including those who have an anomaly.

A dystopian tooth is a bone formation that grows in the wrong direction relative to the dentition. It grows in the wrong place, or has a slope to the side. There are also cases when the bone formation is fully deployed, that is, it is located the other way around.

Pathology leads to the formation of defects in the inclination of the nearest teeth and bite. The anomaly causes aesthetic and other problems.

Impacted tooth - delayed eruption in soft tissues permanent teeth. This problem often occurs when a wisdom tooth grows and a change in milk teeth to permanent ones in children. There are two types of defect:

  1. Partial. The bone growth is not completely cut through, when only its beginning is visible, and the base is hidden in the gums.
  2. Full. The absence of any signs of the phenomenon of bone formation in the right place due to its hiding by bone tissue or gums.

In some cases, it is possible to combine two forms of pathology. Often there are people with dystopic impacted wisdom teeth. An impacted defect is dangerous for the entire dental composition due to the development of caries, periodontitis, periodontal disease and other diseases.

An anomaly can provoke serious inflammatory processes.

Treatment

Therapeutic procedures in children and adults in the presence of pathology of dental formations in most cases are not feasible conservative methods. This is especially true for impacted teeth. Incorrectly germinating teeth are removed.

Surgery is not performed in children with a dystopic form until the change of bone formations to permanent ones. Also, the treatment of children can be carried out by wearing special devices. Adults subject to availability comorbidities operation is shown. An impacted tooth is most often removed. But before the appointment of the operation, it is necessary to identify indications for surgical intervention.

What are the indications?

Despite the presence of external defects, the operation requires medical indications. Indications are determined as a result of the examination.

Removal includes:

  • swelling of the gums;
  • purulent inflammation;
  • feeling of pain in the place of pathological dental formation;
  • numbness of the face due to the impact of pathology on the nerve endings;
  • the risk of developing defects in other teeth.

Also, indications can be as follows:

  • periostitis or osteomyelitis;
  • periodontitis or pulpitis;
  • the development of the inflammatory process in the gums;
  • difficulty in treating adjacent bone formations.

Indications for surgery can only be assessed by a specialist. It is impossible to exclude the removal of an impacted tooth in children, as well as in adults, if it grows inside the soft tissues. Indications for the removal of a dystopic tooth also include an age criterion. It is advisable to perform the operation if the patient is over 16 years old.

The specialist prescribing the operation must take into account not only indications, but also contraindications. Removal of impacted and dystopic teeth should not be carried out if, as a result of the diagnosis, contraindications have been identified in the patient. In such cases, the main pathologies are eliminated, and if after treatment a person has no contraindications, then an operation is possible.

Contraindications include:

  • hypertensive crisis;
  • nervous diseases at the time of exacerbation;
  • disorders of the circulatory system.

There are other contraindications that the doctor evaluates according to the degree of complexity of their manifestation:

  • advanced infections and chronic viruses;
  • general serious condition sick;
  • heart disease.

There are contraindications that apply exclusively to women. Do not perform surgery in the last days menstrual cycle and in the first 14 days after the abortion.

How is the operation going?

The operation to remove dystopic and impacted teeth is carried out similarly. The process of eliminating the bone formation of the jaw is quite difficult, so it can be used for children general anesthesia. An adult, unlike children, can be given local anesthesia, it depends on the complexity of the procedure.

The process of removing an impacted tooth is a complex operation that takes several hours. The surgeon has to open soft tissues in order to get a pathologically sprouted bone formation.

share surgical procedure into stages. At the same time, the most difficult stages are the extraction of the tooth itself and its fragments. At this point, the attention of the doctor is important, since the remaining debris can cause serious complications.

In most cases, the operation is carried out as follows:

  • an incision is made in the mucous and soft tissues;
  • a hole is made in the bone tissue;
  • bone formation and fragments are removed;
  • carried out antiseptic treatment injured area;
  • stitches are applied.

In the event that an operation is performed to remove a large wisdom tooth, then until the moment of removal, the surgeon crushes the bone formation and only then removes it in parts. The stitches are removed after 1-1.5 weeks. Surgery for such a pathology is very difficult for children, so the rehabilitation period is difficult for them. In an adult, rehabilitation is easier. Recovery occurs within a week.

After the operation, children and adults may experience associated with different factors. Complications appear in patients as a result of:

  • surgeon's mistakes
  • body reactions;
  • non-compliance with the recommendations of the doctor.

Complications often also occur when dental education has grown deep into the tissue. During the removal operation, injury can occur, which subsequently provokes complications.

If mistakes were made by a specialist during a surgical intervention (for example, leaving a fragment, damaging healthy tissues, improper removal), then complications develop in the near future after the operation.

Failure to follow the instructions of the doctor or the reaction of the body most often provokes inflammatory processes. Complications also appear in cases where the patient had no indications for surgery or had contraindications.

Signs of complications are noted in patients in the first days after tooth extraction. The following complications are also possible:

  • development of purulent inflammatory processes;
  • jaw fracture;
  • damage to dentures and neighboring teeth;
  • and others.

No specialist can exclude the occurrence of complications. However, to reduce the risk pathological processes after the removal of an impacted (dystopic) tooth, it is possible if you choose a qualified and experienced surgeon and follow all his recommendations.

After the dystopic or impacted tooth is removed, it is also necessary to exclude the influence of factors that can provoke complications.

  1. Do not smoke or eat for at least three hours after the operation.
  2. On the first day after removal, do not rinse your mouth.
  3. not to accept hot shower or a bathroom during the first day.
  4. Exclude excessive loads in the first days.
  5. Do not heat your cheek or gums (compresses, heating pads, etc.).
  6. Do not eat cold or hot food (drinks) for three days.

Completely the wound after the operation heals for a month. The patient feels relief within a week. To control the wound healing process, it is necessary to visit a doctor regularly, and in case of complications, do not delay treatment.

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