Types of caries prevention. Methods for the prevention of caries in adults. Local methods of caries prevention

Dental caries is the most common dental disease that often leads to serious complications. Therefore, many dentists recommend taking timely measures to prevent caries. After all, if you do not notice in time that a small dark spot has appeared on the surface of the tooth enamel, then in the end it can become larger over time and lead to complete destruction of the tooth. In addition, the affected tooth can spoil other units of the dentition.

Caries is a lesion of the hard tissues of the tooth, if not prevented, then carious process destroys enamel, cavities are formed, complications may appear, in running case you can lose a tooth.

Methods for the prevention of carious lesions are divided into several groups - endogenous and exogenous type.
Endogenous method of prevention is to strengthen all tissues of the tooth. This method is carried out due to the influence on the body from the inside. Endogenous prevention has several important rules:

1. Mandatory compliance with all requirements proper diet nutrition;
2. Compliance with all the main rules for eating food;
3. Purposeful use necessary medicines for the prevention of dental caries.

The exogenous method of prevention is to use local methods. These methods only affect the surface of the tooth enamel. The exogenous method is based on two basic rules:

• Application local preparations- various drugs intended for local preventive treatment caries, which affect the structure of tooth enamel;
• Usage common methods preventive therapy- the use of drugs that affect the entire body as a whole.

In addition, preventive therapy for carious lesions of dentition units is divided into subspecies:

1. Primary preventive treatment. This method is aimed at preventing the development of a pathological condition;
2. Secondary preventive treatment of carious lesions. During this stage of prevention, treatment of the main lesion is applied and concomitant diseases, complications;
3. Tertiary prevention. During last stage measures are taken that are aimed at restoring the integrity of the dentition, as well as restoring all its functions.

Fluoroprophylaxis and remenialization

Fluorine is required component to strengthen tooth enamel. In addition, this substance has a pronounced anti-caries effect. This component suppresses harmful acid-forming bacteria, it also causes the formation of special structures inside the tooth enamel, which have elevated level resistance to the pathological process.

If you decide to use this particular method in order to eliminate carious lesions of the teeth, then be sure to pay attention to the following means with fluorine content:

• Special tablets for rinsing;
• Fluorinated salt;
• Lucky;
• Special medical paste from caries.

Also, various remineralizing agents can sometimes be used as preventive therapy. To the most effective drugs of this type are:

1. Special solutions that are specifically designed to improve the resistance properties of tooth enamel to the penetration of pathogens into its structure. These solutions contain calcium and fluorine;
2. The use of applications that are superimposed on the surface of the tooth.
   Fissure sealing

Do not forget about the preventive treatment of fissure carious lesions. During this process, there is damage to the structure of the tissues of the tooth, which are located in the fissures.
Fissure sealing is one of the most popular methods of preventive treatment of carious lesions of the dentition today.

Attention! Fissures are natural depressions that are located between the tubercles on the surface chewing units. The enamel structure at their bottom has a reduced degree of mineralization. As a result of this, with poor-quality cleaning of the teeth in these places, the formation of defects from carious lesions occurs.

The use of special toothpastes

The use of toothpastes for caries of the dentition ensures the strengthening of the structure of the mineral tissues of the teeth. Due special formulations based on calcium, phosphorus, fluorine, these agents prevent the formation of plaque on the surface of the enamel.
The main effect of these products is that the fluorides contained in the paste, during local use increase the properties of tooth resistance to all adverse influences.
During the use of fluoride-based toothpastes, the following effects occur:
1. Fluoride enters deep into the structure of tooth enamel and prevents the formation of plaque microflora with a soft structure;
2. After that, it fixes phosphorus-calcium compounds in hard dental tissues;
3. At the end, the formation of the most durable fluorapatite system occurs.

The best toothpaste for carious lesions is one that contains calcium and fluoride. Many dentists recommend using the following types of pastes of this composition:

• "PRESIDENT Unique" or "PRESIDENT Classic";
• "SPLAT Biocalcium";
• SILCA "Herbal Complete" and "Natural Extract".

This image shows samples of pastes with high content calcium and fluoride, they help heal initial caries and are excellent preventive measures.

Features of prevention in adults

Often caries occurs in adults. But if the necessary measures are not taken in time, then in the end there may be a complete destruction of the teeth. If in young children milk teeth are replaced by molars, then in adults this will no longer be the case. Therefore, in order not to lose all the teeth, it is worth taking the necessary measures to protect them in time.

First of all, damage to tooth enamel occurs during chewing food. During this process, there is a discharge organic acids, which are needed to interact with food and to send it to the stomach for digestion. For this reason, the first preventive measure should be a complete cleaning oral cavity and removing all food debris.
In order for the cleansing to be complete, you need to remember a few important recommendations:

1. It is recommended to brush your teeth at least twice a day - in the morning and before bedtime;
2. The duration of cleansing should be at least 2-3 minutes;
3. If there are prostheses or braces, it is recommended to additionally use an irrigator;
4. Often, in order for the cleansing to be of high quality, floss or dental floss. With this tool, you can clean all hard-to-reach places in the dentition, which are quite difficult to clean with a brush;
5. Floss or floss should be used after every meal. It is possible that beginners may experience certain difficulties when using this tool, so it is best to contact your dentist first to explain and show how to properly use dental floss;
6. Rinsing the mouth with special antiseptic liquids. These funds allow you to kill all pathogens and pathogenic bacteria, both on the teeth and on the gums, tongue;
7. It is recommended to visit the dentist at least twice a year for a control cleaning.

Oral hygiene involves regular brushing of teeth, flossing for hard-to-reach places, rinsing the cavity with solutions to fight carious bacteria, as well as periodic visits to the dentist.

With this procedure, you can get rid of errors daily care, as well as nona removes all plaque from the surface of the teeth.

Diets and nutrition

The diet should be as balanced as possible. special diet for the preventive treatment of caries does not exist. But still, many dentists recommend adhering to the correct and healthy eating, the only way to protect the enamel of the teeth and extend its service life for a long period.
It is recommended to consume as little as possible foods that have pernicious influence on the tooth enamel and eventually destroy its structure. It is advisable to reduce the consumption of foods such as:

• Sweets - caramel, chocolate;
• Various pastries, cakes;
• concentrated juices;
• Carbonated drinks.

The consumption of sweets creates favorable environment for the development of streptococcus mutans in the oral cavity. These bacteria lead to the formation of plaque and provoke the development of caries.

Also, do not eat too many sour apples. Apples with high levels of acid can disrupt normal level acidity of saliva, and can also have harmful effect on the gastric mucosa.
It is best to include in the diet as much as possible more products nutrition that resist the formation of caries. These products include the following components:

1. Raw carrots. The use of this vegetable is able to clean the surface of the teeth from plaque in the same way as when cleaning with a special toothpaste;
2. Green tea. This drink prevents the formation of plaque on the surface of the teeth. This action is ensured by the content of special natural antioxidants and polyphenols in green tea;
3. Celery. This plant is able to completely clean the surface of the enamel from plaque and yellowness, in addition, when used, celery has a massaging effect on the gums;
4. Lime. This fruit is a source of calcium and fluorine. Regular consumption of this fruit will prevent the formation of caries;
5. Sesame seeds. This product contains high level calcium, which is so necessary for strengthening bone tissue;
6. Raw products. Cheese has a unique combination of calcium and phosphorus. This combination has only positive influence on dental health, but also on the whole organism as a whole;
7. Milk and cottage cheese. Everyone knows that dairy products have a high level of calcium. Therefore, the use of these products will strengthen the bone tissue of the teeth;
8. Nuts. This product is the main source of components that are designed to strengthen immune system, due to and teeth;
9. Onion. This vegetable has antibacterial properties. Its regular consumption will eliminate all bacterial microorganisms from the oral cavity.

Of course, these are not all products, there are many more different vegetables and fruits that are necessary to strengthen tooth enamel. Your dentist can tell you about them. In addition, he can give a reminder with complete list necessary products which must be present in the diet of everyone.
Do not forget about special preparations with calcium. Be sure to take complex supplements and vitamins with a high calcium content at least once every three months. The use of these funds will help make up for the lack of necessary substances in the body to strengthen bones and teeth.

Using chewing gum for cavities

Chewing gum is good prevention caries if a toothbrush is not at hand. But she is not medicine, will not help get rid of existing caries and restore enamel.

AT recent times special chewing gums for caries have become quite popular. Many ads talk about useful properties of this component that the daily use of chewing gum after eating will get rid of all nasty bacteria and food debris, which often cause cavities. But is it? Can chewing gum prevent cavities?
The answer to this question is highly ambiguous. Of course, there are special chewing gums on sale, which, together with other methods of prevention, can prevent the formation of caries. During the use of special chewing gum against carious lesions, the neutralization of organic acids occurs, which are released during life. pathogenic microorganisms plaque. The main condition of these means is that they should not contain sugar. Because sugar is main reason formation of carious lesions of tooth enamel.
Chewing gum can only prevent the formation of caries, but if a carious lesion has already appeared, then use chewing gum will be useless. In these cases, you should consult a doctor to conduct an examination and provide appropriate treatment.

Prevention of children's caries

Attention! bottle caries often formed in children even before the eruption of the first teeth. The habit of falling asleep after drinking sweet food together with a bottle and a dummy can become the main reason for the rapid reproduction of microbes in a favorable environment for them, at a time when there is still very little saliva and teeth low degree protection.

As a result, the first milk teeth may appear carious lesions, which counted days can lead to the complete destruction of the enamel of not yet strong dental units. Usually, this process takes only two weeks.
Therefore, for newborns, it is important that the teeth begin to form correctly from the very first days. During this period, the following preventive measures must be observed:

Features of brushing teeth in children

In order for the child not to develop caries, he must be taught proper cleaning teeth from early childhood. Some parents believe that baby teeth will fall out and therefore do not need to be cleaned, but this is not the case. Cleansing of teeth should be carried out from the moment the first milk teeth appear, and then already the indigenous units of the dentition.
Recommendations for cleaning teeth and oral cavity in children:

Be sure to choose the right toothpaste for children's teeth. Toothpaste should strengthen the mineral tissues of the tooth, should prevent the formation of plaque and should be appropriate for the age of the child. Many dentists recommend using anti-caries toothpaste for children. It is this type of toothpaste that is suitable for children's teeth when the formation and maturation of tooth enamel occurs.

Nutrition and general prevention

Be sure to include in the diet of the child as much as possible more vitamins and minerals that are needed to strengthen tooth enamel and bones.
The following foods should be present in the diet of a child from 3 years old:

Preferably from the diet baby food exclude acidic foods - pomegranates, lemons, sour apples. These products can increase the acidity of saliva.
Another method of prevention, which is often carried out in children, is the correction of malocclusion. Malocclusion and uneven load contribute to the occurrence and rapid development caries. In these cases, mineralization is applied. Children's teeth are covered with fluoride varnish or 5% calcium gluconate solution. The break period between courses is usually about 6 months.

Prevention of caries during pregnancy

The period of pregnancy for every woman is characterized by serious changes in the body. Often during this period there is a decrease in immunity. The weakening of the immune system is due to the fact that the child takes most of the vitamins and useful components. As a result of this, various pathological processes may appear, and dental health often suffers.
In addition, a number of factors can cause improper formation of teeth and the beginnings of caries already in a newborn baby:

1. Improper nutrition;
2. The presence of bad habits;
3. Uncontrolled intake of drugs;
4. Transferred diseases.

All of the above factors can cause serious violations in a child during the formation of soft tissues. In the future, during his life, he may experience fragility and fragility of bones, caries and tooth decay, as well as other unpleasant pathological processes.
Many dentists recommend that women cure caries at the stage of pregnancy planning. But if during pregnancy there are problems with the teeth, then you can use the following recommendations:

• A complete diet rich in calcium. Since the baby takes most of the calcium from the mother's body, it is therefore important to control your diet, it must include foods high in calcium;
• It is advisable to carry out sanitation of the oral cavity before the moment of pregnancy. This will prevent various pathological processes and carious lesions;
• Must be taken vitamin complexes with the content of such vitamins as phosphorus, calcium, vitamins of groups B, C, D, as well as fish oil;
• Every day you need to brush your teeth with toothpaste. In addition, it is imperative to clean the surface of the tongue.

Prevention of caries is a complex procedure that requires the implementation of all necessary measures to maintain healthy teeth and mouth. Be sure to consume as many vitamins as possible, necessary to strengthen the enamel. Do not forget about regular oral hygiene, daily cleaning of teeth from plaque with a toothbrush and toothpaste. In addition, you need to visit the dentist regularly to check the condition of your teeth. This is the only way to protect yourself from premature destruction of the dentition.

Caries is the most frequent illness teeth that are affected most of the population of the planet. They learned to treat him with the preservation of their appearance and functions, but it is indisputable that the period of existence of such organs is shorter than that of absolutely healthy ones. Concerning special meaning acquires caries prevention. It is necessary not only for people who do not have the disease, but also for those who have successfully got rid of it.

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Types of preventive measures

According to the methods of influence, caries prevention measures are divided into:

Primary. This is a system of measures, the purpose of which is to prevent the occurrence of a disease. Methods are aimed at counteracting favorable conditions development of caries, as well as increased own capabilities organism in the struggle against it;

Secondary. These are methods that aim early diagnosis caries, prevention of re-morbidity, high-quality relief from the disease and the complications provoked by it.

Primary prevention of caries is subdivided according to its focus on endogenous and exogenous. Their complex use will provide high results in the prevention of the disease.

Video

Endogenous methods of primary prevention of caries

Their feature is complex impact on the body as a whole, in order to form a response to the factors that provoke caries.
It’s worth starting from the time before the birth of a person. Terms of it prenatal development largely determine the condition of the teeth, because it is in given period their beginnings are formed.

Antenatal prophylaxis is performed by the mother of the unborn baby and includes:

• Sanitation of the oral cavity of a woman before pregnancy, that is, the elimination of foci of caries, periodontal disease and other infections;
• Use enough minerals, vitamins with food and artificial compounds;
• Regular and full control for the course of pregnancy by specialists.

Food

It is necessary to pay attention to its correctness even before teething in a child. This is especially true for children who grow up on artificial mixtures. It has been established that excess sugar in all its forms adversely affects the formation of dental tissues. Therefore, children and adults should not get involved in its excessive use. In addition, the decomposition products of carbohydrates are very favorable for reproduction in the oral cavity. pathogenic bacteria. So, chocolate, soda, sweet pastries should become only festive food.

For everyday use, you need food containing calcium, fluorine and vitamins that help their absorption, which positively affect the strength of the teeth. That is, if there is a lot of dairy products in the diet, lean fish, raw vegetables and fruits, there is a chance to save teeth from caries.

Food can help the enamel to clean itself. We are talking about hard apples, carrots, and other fruits eaten raw. Even for children, do not grind them too much. High-quality chewing gives the necessary load to the teeth and strengthens the gums. But it is also important not to overdo it. That is, cracking nuts with your teeth and loving sunflower seeds not conducive to dental health.

The regularity of nutrition is important no less than its quality. If you constantly chew, the oral cavity will not have time to clear itself of food debris, it will chronically be present in the environment native to bacteria. Eat no more than 5 times a day, without snacks in between.

Taking vitamins

If you fill the body with the necessary substances with the help of only food products impossible, it is necessary to take as a rule the reception vitamin and mineral complexes. Their choice would be more correct on the basis of expert advice. Otherwise, instead of strengthening the teeth, destruction can be achieved. Among beneficial to the body in general, there are elements whose excess can lead to to hard tissue damage.

Vitamins D and C will help you absorb calcium, which is so necessary for your teeth. But their body does not need an excess. Not less than quality composition the drugs used are important dosage, as well as features of perception by the body. Allergy does not allow their use.

Immunity Boost

It would seem that, proper nutrition and taking vitamins for immunity is enough. Actually not always. There are still a lot of diseases that negatively affect the teeth, both by themselves and due to medications. Do not bring somatic ailments to chronic condition. Any disease requires immediate adequate treatment including dental health.

This also includes sufficient physical activity and being outdoors. This is not about exploits in the field of sports, but about reasonable physical activity normalizing metabolic processes.

Exogenous primary prevention of caries

An external impact directed directly at the teeth can have an equally positive effect on their health and the prevention of caries. And the disadvantage exogenous methods can reduce, even nullify the results of proper nutrition and high immunity.

The mouth must be clean

This axiom is valid even for toothless babies. For them, 2 times a day, the mother should wipe the gums moistened boiled water gauze to get rid of the resulting acids and food debris.

With the appearance of the first teeth, parents also clean them with the help of a toothbrush designed for this purpose. silicone fingertip. And from 1.5-2 years old, the baby can be taught independently brush your teeth with toothpaste and brush. Hygiene products must be appropriate for the age of the child. For example, for children under 5 years old, do not take fluoride paste, there is a danger that they swallow it.

In brushing your teeth, there are several rules that will make it possible to completely rid them of food debris, plaque:

If after eating the mouth is rinsed with water, you can be sure that this part of the prevention has been carried out completely.

Enamel fluoridation

Treatment of teeth with compounds containing fluoride is useful in that this chemical element actively counteracts acid and microbes. It also changes the structure of the enamel in such a way that its own ability to resist caries increases.

Preparations with fluoride will be useful in the form of:

• rinse aids;
• salt;
• Toothpastes;
• Gels;
• Lakov.

Ingestion products with fluoride carried out when they are bred drinking water or milk. Toothpastes are designed for daily use. Gels are applied to the surface of the teeth for several minutes. then rinse the mouth.

The most commonly used fluorination method is application of varnishes. They are applied to the enamel after professional cleaning. Direct contact of fluoride and tooth surfaces for a long time will ensure the creation of protective compounds in their structure.

Even more effective in this sense use of cap. They are made according to individual casts. The fluorine-containing composition is placed in each compartment and the device is put on the teeth for 5-10 minutes. Enough 10 such procedures per course.

For fluoride penetration electrophoresis is also used in enamel. Well similar procedures are also carried out with use of calcium preparations, therefore, the efficiency of this method is the highest of all existing ones and is up to 60%.

She is only comparable deep fluoridation , for which it is used for sodium composition, and magnesium silicate. Its molecules are ultra small size, which allows them to penetrate deeper into the enamel structure, while creating a protective film on its surface. 1-2 times use per year of this method will provide teeth caries safety.

Prevention of this disease with fluorine is contraindicated in case of fluorosis, allergies.

artificial remineralization

The danger to the teeth is inherent in them loss of minerals. The structure of hard tissues is weakened, the likelihood of caries increases. You can deal with the problem with remineralization of teeth. Essential Substances get into tissues when special formulations are applied to them. They contain calcium and fluorine, which are applied to the surface alternately. In addition to recovery inner layers enamel, on top it receives a protective film that prevents bacteria from penetrating.
Remineralization preceded professional cleaning teeth, then they are treated with a weak solution hydrogen peroxide, dry. In the next 20 minutes, impregnated calcium gluconate swabs that change 4 times. The last phase of the procedure is 5 minute application sodium fluoride.
The result of remineralization will be not only protection against caries, but also a decrease enamel sensitivity.
Make up for the lack useful substances possible outside dental office, using for this special toothpastes. Their choice should be made with a doctor.

Fissure sealing

Sometimes chewing teeth have recesses on the surface, from which it is quite problematic to clean out food residues with high quality. These natural indentations or fissures are places where plaque and bacteria accumulate, so caries is more likely to develop in them. You can avoid the disease if you seal the recesses with airtight materials. They will not only prevent accumulation on the fly, but also prevent the penetration of saliva, air and bacteria.

The time spent on the procedure will be 40 minutes, during which the following operations will be performed:

• Teeth brushing and drying;
• Etching of enamel on working surfaces with phosphoric acid and rinsing from it;
• Re-drying and filling fissures with sealant;
• Irradiation of the protective composition with a curing lamp.

Sealants are not afraid of exposure to saliva and acid, so they can last up to 7 years. The method can be used from childhood.

Methods for secondary prevention of caries

Chief among them - regular (2 times a year) visits to the dentist. Even if there are no complaints, it is necessary to check the condition of the teeth, because caries does not immediately appear pain and enamel changes. Sometimes only a specialist is able to notice and diagnose the disease. He will prescribe the appropriate treatment.

For some time now, dentists have at their disposal devices that can get rid of the disease with a minimum discomfort and the risk of relapse:

Infiltration. A special gel is applied to the carious spot, which softens the affected area of ​​​​enamel. After exposure of the composition to the tissue, it is dried alcohol solution with a stream of air and impregnated with another agent. The method is used to treat superficial caries on the smooth surface of the teeth;

Ozone. Its effect is aimed at suppressing bacteria. Healthy tissues do not suffer, and carious tissues are eliminated in 40 seconds without anesthesia. The method is effective in the initial form of the disease and even allows you to do without filling;

Air-abrasive method. Carious tissues“knocked out” by a strong stream of air with impurities, which allows it to be used in more serious cases than previous methods;

Laser. It is used for all forms of caries, protects healthy tissues, effectively destroys bacteria and affected areas.

After getting rid of the foci of the disease, prevention is carried out by the already mentioned primary methods of prevention.

Endogenous drug prevention

The main directions of endogenous prevention of dental caries:

Medical examination of pregnant women at the dentist

Antenatal drug prophylaxis

Indications for the systemic administration of fluorine compounds are:

The mechanism of endogenous influence of fluorides

Dosing schedule for fluoride preparations for children of different ages (WHO, 1995)

Important to remember:

Fluoridation of drinking water

Meaning:

Fluoridation of drinking water in schools

For individual use

An alternative method is milk fluoridation:

Alternative Method - Salt Fixation

For endogenous prophylaxis, fluorine is administered orally in the form

Fluorine preparations

Calcium

Calcium preparations

calcium gluconate

calcium lactate

Contraindication

Calcium glycerophosphate

Calcium preparations

vitamins

Postnatal endogenous drug-free prophylaxis

VIDEHOL (Videin-3)

FITIN

METIONINE

SODIUM NUCLEINATE

ORTAT POTASSIUM

0-1 year

from 1 to 14 years old

1 to 3 years

3 to 6 years old

from 7 to 14 years old

Greetings, dear readers. I'll start, as they say, right off the bat. Do you know that the best treatment is prevention? In any case, it scares us much less than the need to drill teeth, endure pain and experience discomfort from hot and cold. So why the prevention of dental caries has not yet become a part of the life of any person? Almost 100% of the population of developed countries are familiar with the methods of protecting enamel from destruction, but do they use them?

Unfortunately, many people forget to even brush their teeth twice a day. This is not to mention oral hygiene after each meal. The Ministry of Health statistics are depressing. There are almost no people left with healthy teeth. There are many reasons. But, in general, they can be combined into one - "lifestyle features" of modern people. We have long ceased to do at least something that really helps to maintain a natural smile until old age. Therefore, it does not surprise anyone when a twenty-year-old guy or girl has half of his teeth treated, several have already been removed, crowns, etc.

Children's prevention

The first and most important is the prevention of dental caries in children. From the appearance of the first tooth in the mouth, you need to think about how to save it. At the beginning of life, parents take care of this. They make sure you eat less sweets, brush your teeth regularly, and don't shirk. But do adults really fulfill this duty? Doubtful. First, children continue to eat sweets, suck on lollipops, and chew on toffee. In the order of things, soft carbohydrate food, after which it never occurs to anyone that they need to brush their teeth. The amount of food for bacteria rolls over.

Let's move on to brushing your teeth. Scouring with a brush, rinsing out your mouth and spitting water into the washstand is not cleaning! To eliminate at least some of the millions of harmful bacteria in the oral cavity, you need to carefully clean each tooth of the child, walk thin in between, remove plaque from the tongue and the inner surface of the cheeks.

Pasta should be adapted specifically for toddlers. You can not use the so-called family options. In a child, the enamel is thinner and the abrasiveness of such pastes can damage it. The choice of brush also requires attention. It should be soft, with high-quality artificial pile. Natural ones collect microbes no worse than the teeth themselves.

Review of the 5 best children's toothbrushes:

Name	Characteristic	pros	Minuses
Oral-B Kids Mickey Mouse	Children's device, specially made for cleaning the oral cavity of babies from 3 years old. The device eliminates plaque, bacteria and food debris. For 1 minute of operation, the toothbrush makes 5600 revolutions and 7600 pulsations. There is a timer to control the brushing time. The battery should be charged for at least 16 hours. Nozzle head with round shape. The built-in melody motivates children with interest and longer brushing. Reliable, safe, moisture resistant case.	1. The battery runs out after 30 minutes. 2. Rotation speed 5600 rpm. 3. Suitable for all Oral-B chargers. 4. Stylish design. 5. There is a stand included.	1. 1 nozzle. 2. Not repairable. 3. Silent non-adjustable melody. 4. Expensive original nozzles.
Hapica Kids	An authoritative, Japanese company has been producing these children's brushes for over 30 years. The main idea is the quality and efficiency of the product with minimal needs. Only the most necessary, there is nothing superfluous. Toothbrush for children over three years old, has fluffy bristles and a pleasant, comfortable nozzle. The speed of revolutions per minute is 7000. It is battery operated and weighs 58 grams. You can use 6 types of nozzles. Recommended for use over 10 years!	1. Working time 300 minutes. 2. Rotation speed 7000 rpm. 3. Set with stickers. 4. Choice of brush color. 5. Ease of use.	1. 2 batteries. 2. No display and no timer. 3. No wear indicator. 4. There is no stand.
Oral-B Kids Vitality	Has 2D brushing technology. Speed ​​7000 movements per 1 m. Colorful design will appeal to children from 3 years of age. The set includes a nozzle with soft bristles. Includes a game timer to motivate kids to love brushing their teeth. The significant presence of discolored indicator bristles indicates that the brush head has been replaced with a newer one. You can also install the Magic Timer virtual app, designed specifically for children ages 3 and up. Producer - Germany.	1. Battery life 30 minutes. 2. Recharging 5 hours. 3. Timer. 4. There is a wear indicator on the bristles. 5. Design with a choice of characters.	1. Set with 1 nozzle. 2. No charging indicator. 3. There is no stand.
CS Medica CS-561 Kids	This model has advanced technology. Generating sound frequencies lead to the creation of vibrations, on which the efficiency of removing plaque on the teeth depends. Children can use from 1 year. Soft bristles protect teeth from damage to the enamel on the gums. Nozzle complete with light. The built-in mode turns off the brush 2 minutes after starting. The handle holder has a comfortable rubberized base. Weight without power supply 25 grams. Runs on one AAA battery. With double use per day, the charge can last for 150 days.	1. Has sound effects. 2. Speed ​​16000 rpm. 3. Age from 1 year. 4. Backlight. 5. Has an automatic shutdown.	1. No display. 2. No wear indicator. 3. No stand.
Colgate Spongebob	Due to the vibrating head and thanks to the soft bristles, brushing your teeth will be more effective and not traumatic for the enamel for children from 3 years old. Comfortable and convenient holder, for little hands of kids, with convenient start and stop buttons. Choosing a colorful, favorite character from a popular cartoon will help your child enjoy brushing their teeth. The set includes 2 AAA batteries.	1. Batteries included. 2. Working time up to 300 minutes. 3. Sold at affordable prices.	1. Replacing batteries is inconvenient. 2. Unreliable plastic case. 3. No display. 4. No timer. 5. No wear and charge indicators. 6. No stand.

If found, you should immediately take the children to professional cleaning. If a white spot or even a black spot appears, remineralize the enamel.

Review your diet. While children eat sweets and cookies, they create ideal conditions for the reproduction of pathogenic flora. Sugar, carbohydrates - an environment in which bacteria multiply at a tremendous speed.

If teeth decay prematurely and have to be removed, there is a high risk of malocclusion in adolescence. You have to wear braces. Do you want your son or daughter to suffer because of complexes and ridicule? If not, think about their future right now.

When choosing a paste, you need to look at the following parameters:

• abrasive index. The lower the better;
• the presence of calcium in forms that easily penetrate the enamel. Cheap pastes actually contain chalk. It is not digested;
• Better to have less or none at all. It has long been proven that it does not protect teeth, but softens the enamel. Therefore, it is used only so that calcium ions can penetrate into it;
• no SLS included. Sodium lauryl sulfate dries out the mucosa. The result is that bacteria multiply faster, the chance of getting caries is higher.

Another important point. When you start, use natural and medicinal remedies to disinfect your mouth. Otherwise, inflammation of the gums, and then the defeat of the teeth themselves, is guaranteed.

Chamomile, sage, oak bark in the form of decoctions will definitely not make it worse. Rinsing with antiseptics also does not interfere. But make sure they are child friendly.

Video - Prevention of caries in children

Methods for adults

How to prevent dental caries in adults? By changing your habits. It is lifestyle and nutrition that are the main enemies of modern people. Most of the diseases appear from them, including those that affect the teeth.

1. Pay attention to how and with what you brush your teeth.
2. Do you include fresh fruits and vegetables in your diet?
3. Are there foods rich in calcium?
4. How often do you use (floss)?
5. Do you visit the dentist regularly?

International conferences are held annually, where dentists from all over the world discuss how we can't take care of our teeth. The statistics are sad. A large percentage of people do not know how to use a brush, are not able to choose the right bristle stiffness. The result is incomplete removal of plaque, the appearance of tartar. With excessive hardness - damage to tooth enamel.

Another important topic is teeth and pregnancy. Caries in women in position occurs more often than in their peers. The reason for this phenomenon is simple and banal. It is due to the fact that the loss of calcium becomes higher than usual. The child consumes it, and the mother does not fully replenish it by eating ordinary food. While the girl is carrying the baby in her stomach, and then breastfeeding, she is so busy with these processes that she forgets about herself. Sometimes she doesn’t even remember that she didn’t brush her teeth before going to bed. This continues until the first symptoms of toothache or hot and cold appear.

What methods of prevention of dental caries can be considered effective? Any that are aimed at eliminating the very causes of the disease.

See what you are eating. It is especially important for pregnant women. Your “I want” can harm both the teeth and the baby in the stomach. Therefore, try to consume less sweets, soft carbohydrate foods. The body will then suffer less, and when you give birth, you will not have to lose a few kilograms of excess weight. These same goodies lead to the multiplication of pathogenic flora in the mouth.

When was the last time you just ate a carrot or an apple? Not cutting them, not rubbing them, but consuming them whole? Now it won't hurt you to do it regularly.

Even if nothing bothers you yet, enter the rules for yourself:

• the diet should include raw vegetables and fruits that naturally clean teeth;
• do not forget about the sources of calcium and vitamin D;
• brushing your teeth should not take 30 seconds, you need to clean all surfaces and spaces between teeth;
• hygiene involves the removal of bacterial plaque from the entire oral cavity. This is the sky, cheeks, gums, tongue;
• get a quality mouthwash with anti-inflammatory and antibacterial action. Now there are many inexpensive ones, including domestic production.

Herbal rinse recipes:

Feel free to ask doctors about proper hygiene. You need it yourself. Most of you are aware that you need to visit the dentist every six months. Are you doing it? How regularly?

Many people lack such a critical rethinking of their own lives. It should be understood that if you like sweets, often drink coffee that removes calcium, then you need to somehow compensate for these losses. That is, brush your teeth after sweets, eat foods that strengthen your teeth. For example, one such product is garlic. It also fights bacteria in the mouth. And not only in the mouth, but also in the gastrointestinal tract, where they multiply en masse, “rejoicing” at the putrefactive processes caused by improper nutrition.

Regular garlic contains 260 mg of calcium per 100 g. Even more of it is in sesame seeds (975 mg) and poppy seeds (1500 mg). Also rich in this element are almonds, cabbage, broccoli and spinach. High-quality hard cheese - 1000 mg / 100 g.

Video - Prevention of caries

How to prevent caries - step by step instructions

So, we found out that the appearance can lead to the most serious consequences, especially if it is not treated in time. Below is an approximate step-by-step instruction on how to prevent the development of carious processes.

Step 1. Teeth should be brushed every morning, the duration of the procedure should be at least 2 minutes. Attention should be paid to each tooth - in particular, the inner surface of the molars. People often forget about the back of the mouth, and therefore it is here that caries most often appears.

On a note! If you don't have time to thoroughly brush your teeth, try at least rinsing your mouth out with clean water.

Step 2 Do not forget about a balanced diet. Vitamin and mineral deficiencies can lead to gum disease.

Step 3 Between meals, you should not eat sour / sweet foods (for example, sweets, sweet sodas, etc.). You also need to be careful with diet soda - it does not contain sugar, but the acid for the teeth is just as harmful.

Step 4 Sweets can be consumed with meals. The amount of food consumed is not important - much more important is the frequency with which the teeth are exposed to sweets.

Step 5 After meals, you need to drink water. Due to this, the pH of the oral cavity is neutralized, which means that resistance to the effects of sour / sweet foods increases.

Step 6 Before going to bed, teeth should be cleaned not only with a brush, but also with floss (dental floss). After all, a mouth closed for at least 8 hours is a true “incubator” for harmful microorganisms.

Step 7 Professional teeth cleaning should be done every six months. So your teeth will be healthy!

Social measures for the prevention of caries and other diseases provide for the active introduction of a healthy lifestyle with a rational regime of work and rest, a full-fledged healthy diet.

One of the frequently used and effective methods of local prevention is and.

Fluoridation and remineralization

Fluorine has a pronounced effect against caries, as it can inhibit the growth of harmful acid-forming microbes, and also creates special structures in tooth enamel with high resistance to disease. Preparations with fluoride for prevention can be in the form of:

• rinse tablets;
• fluorinated salt;
• varnishes;
• special medical toothpaste.

In some cases, remineralizing agents are used to prevent caries. These are special solutions with calcium and fluorine, designed to strengthen tooth enamel. Applications are made directly on the surface of the teeth.

We should not forget about the prevention of fissure caries - damage to the tissues of the tooth directly in the fissures.

Fissure sealing

Fissure sealing is one of the most relevant methods of caries prevention today. Fissures in the language of medicine are called natural depressions located between the tubercles on the surface of chewing teeth.

In the process of sealing, the fissures are filled with special sealants that are resistant to acids. Sealants are opaque and transparent. The effect of the sealing procedure lasts 4-5 years.

Toothpastes for caries prevention

Toothpastes for the prevention of dental caries strengthen mineral tissues, thanks to the compounds of calcium, phosphorus and fluorine they prevent the formation of plaque.

Their preventive and therapeutic effect is explained by the fact that fluorides at the local level increase the resistance of teeth to adverse effects. Fluorine penetrates into the structure of tooth enamel, suppressing the formation of soft plaque microflora, leaves phosphorus-calcium compounds in hard dental tissues, creating the most durable fluorapatite system. The best toothpaste in this regard is one that contains calcium and fluoride. Here are some of them recommended by experts:

• PRESIDENT Unique or PRESIDENT Classic (Italy);
• Natural Extrakte and SILCA Herbal Complete (Germany);
• SPLAT Biocalcium (Russia).

Prevention of caries in adults

Initially, teeth are damaged even during chewing food: organic acids are released to interact with food and prepare it for further digestion. Therefore, the first preventive measure is to control the acidity of the environment in the oral cavity and carefully remove food residues after eating. It is recommended to brush your teeth at least twice a day. The duration of cleaning is 2-3 minutes, and with prostheses or braces, you must additionally use it. For a better result, use floss () and rinses for teeth. Diet for caries - limit the intake of sweet, fatty, starchy, viscous foods, and also try to avoid random snacks. If you need to use medications, a consultation with a dentist is required. The dentist should be visited twice a year - for cleaning plaque.

To prevent dental caries in adults, one should pay attention to external signs - the appearance of chalky matte spots, roughness, etc. Similar body signals say that the tooth needs macro- and microelements. To restore the balance of these elements, individual trays with fluoride gel are used, which are used at night, plus various brands of toothpaste with a high fluoride content.

To avoid contamination and demineralization, natural gaps on the surface of the teeth are filled. For this, a special sealant is used, which accelerates the renewal of the enamel structure and prevents food debris from entering hard-to-reach places with their subsequent decomposition.

Many people need to strengthen the enamel with calcium and fluorine ions. An indication may be increased sensitivity of the teeth, the appearance of cracks in the enamel, chipped teeth, age spots, etc. The teeth are treated with solutions and varnishes with calcium and fluorine, which brighten the teeth and increase their durability and reduce the number of bacteria. Saturation of enamel with minerals slows down the process of caries formation. Ion concentration - no more than 3 - 5% of the mixture.

Remineralization is carried out by applying varnish, rinses, mouth baths, electrophoresis, dental floss, as well as brushing teeth with special mixtures. An effective remedy is a solution of calcium gluconate and sodium fluoride (introduced alternately). From the bones of animal origin, a preparation is obtained - a soluble powder saturated with minerals. When it comes into contact with tooth enamel, inorganic elements strengthen the top layer. After preventive procedures, you should refrain from eating for 2 hours.

Prevention of children's caries

Milk teeth in infants can form even before the first tooth erupts. The habit of falling asleep after a sugary meal with a bottle or pacifier promotes the rapid growth of microbes in a favorable environment when saliva is scarce and teeth are not protected. In a matter of weeks, milk teeth, covered with a brown coating, can be completely destroyed by caries. In order for the teeth in babies to form correctly, the prevention of caries in milk teeth should be already from the first tooth.

1. They clean the teeth of babies with a silicone fingertip brush or dental wipes, in extreme cases, with a gauze swab soaked in chamomile infusion or soda solution. Wrapped around a finger, they clean the lips, tongue, gums, teeth.
2. Teaches the baby to a cup, controlling the amount of sweet food and drinks (breast milk is also sweet).
3. Offer the baby before the appearance of the first tooth hard fruits and vegetables to strengthen the gums and facilitate teething. If there are teeth, leaving a baby alone with a carrot is dangerous.
4. When prescribing a doctor, you can carry out remineralizing therapy with a special gel.
5. Fallen nipples should not be licked, you should not lubricate them with honey or jam, you should not chew food for the child.

It is necessary to teach children to use a toothbrush and paste correctly from a very early age (from about two years old), controlling their hygiene procedures. The movements of the toothbrush should be accurate, restrained, they should be carried out with such pressure in order to clean the teeth well and not injure the gums. The brush head should be positioned at a 45 degree angle. Plaque is removed with gentle circular movements, and plaque is cleaned between the teeth and on the gum line with long villi. In addition to teeth, tongue cleaning is mandatory - it accumulates a large number of microorganisms. It is important to choose the right prophylactic toothpaste that strengthens the mineral tissues of the tooth, prevents the formation of plaque and is age appropriate. Anti-caries paste is most effective in childhood, when tooth enamel is formed and matures.

It is necessary to provide the child with vitamins and minerals, solid food in order to develop the jaw and give the necessary healthy teeth the load. It is advisable to avoid acidic foods - pomegranates, lemons and others, as they increase the acidity of saliva.

It is important to follow the regular use of vitamins C and D, which are necessary to increase resistance to harmful microorganisms and for the full absorption of calcium. Correction of bite is a very important factor in the prevention of dental caries in children, since uneven bite and load contribute to the development of the disease. For children, mineralization is used, covering the enamel with fluoride varnish or a 5% solution of calcium gluconate, since they have a normal taste and do not cause refusal in babies. The break between courses of treatment is six months.

Pregnancy and caries

Weakening of immunity, restructuring of calcium metabolism are inevitable companions of pregnancy and risk factors for the development of dental problems - periodontitis, gingivitis, bleeding gums and, of course, caries. Calcium deficiency, a different composition of saliva, active microbes with reduced natural immunity are the main reasons for the deterioration of the teeth.

Symptoms of caries are characteristic grooves and chalky spots, enamel decalcification, and increased tooth sensitivity. It is desirable to treat caries in the early stages, while it is possible not to use anesthesia or x-rays that are undesirable for the fetus. Later, caries can become complicated, and all this will certainly form a genetic predisposition to the disease in a child. The rudiments of milk teeth in the fetus are formed starting from the sixth week of pregnancy, in the fifth month their mineralization occurs. Improper nutrition, bad habits, previous diseases, pregnancy pathologies and uncontrolled medication can disrupt the formation of fetal hard tissues, reduce resistance to cariogenic factors.

The ideal option for preventing dental caries during pregnancy is to cure it at the stage of pregnancy planning, if you still have problems with your teeth, you can use the following tips:

1. Food. The baby takes calcium from his mother when his skeleton is being formed. In order not to suffer the bones and teeth of a pregnant woman, the amount of calcium and minerals consumed must be constantly monitored.
2. Sanitation of the oral cavity should be carried out immediately after the decision to become a mother is made, then when carrying a baby, regular check-ups at the dentist are sufficient.
3. Vitamins. The occurrence and development of caries in pregnant women is inhibited by products containing fluorine and calcium, as well as vitamins of groups B, D and fish oil.
4. Regular oral hygiene. The habit of brushing your teeth and tongue twice a day for pregnant women is no less relevant, because now there are two of you, and the responsibility for your health also doubles.

Prevention of caries is a set of measures to prevent its development. The most common factors that provoke a carious process are dental plaque, an excess proportion of carbohydrates in the diet, and a deficiency of fluoride in water and food. Therefore, effective prevention is aimed at eliminating their effects. If you act on the problem in a complex, you can forget about caries.