Dietary restrictions during pregnancy: dangerous foods. Diets that kill. What dietary restrictions should be avoided

Throughout pregnancy, there are practically no restrictions on rational use certain products. All of them can be consumed in food, if you really want to, within a reasonable amount and daily calories. It is only important that during pregnancy the diet is balanced in terms of the amount of protein components, fats and vegetable oils, as well as the amount of carbohydrates and all the rest. food components. It is necessary that nutrition bring not only benefits, but also pleasure from the taste, appearance and smell of dishes, and this can only be achieved with a variety of products and methods of their preparation.

But there is a group of dangerous products, the use of which should be exercised with reasonable care so as not to harm your own health and the condition of the unborn baby. These include some categories and groups of food products.

Different types of fish dishes and seafood

It is also worth avoiding smoked and frozen, raw seafood in the diet. different sauces and marinades. In the process of cooking fish, you need to use a special rule of ten minutes. It is necessary to measure the carcass in thickness in its most voluminous place, cooking for 10 minutes for every 2 cm in thickness on each side at a temperature of at least 220 degrees. All seafood, such as shellfish, shrimp or oysters, must be boiled in boiling salted liquid for at least six minutes.

Milk as a source of poisoning

Dairy products are an indispensable component for a healthy and good nutrition future mothers. But any product that has been prepared from unpasteurized cow's milk, will be contraindicated in pregnant women. Such foods may be contaminated with dangerous microbes and may cause food poisoning. You should not use soft cheeses made from unpasteurized milk during the gestation period - these are Camembert, Brie or Feta, all cheeses with mold inclusions, Roquefort and Mexican cheeses.

During pregnancy, caffeine intake should be very moderate and should not exceed about two cups per day in terms of coffee. In such an amount, it will not have a strongly pronounced negative effect. But it is worth remembering that caffeine is found not only in coffee, it is far from useful for the fetus, and unsafe for a pregnant woman. Caffeine crosses the placenta and can affect the rhythm and heartbeat of the fetus, its motor activity. Abuse in the diet of caffeine-containing products leads to a decrease in the weight of the fetus and the size of its head, so coffee and coffee will be limited during pregnancy. strong tea, especially green, as well as caffeinated drinks, especially carbonated ones.

Nutrition is unthinkable without the consumption of a sufficient amount of fluid, but it must be correct. Many of the herbal teas and herbal teas can have a calming effect, but they should be used with extreme caution during pregnancy, as they can potentially harm the mother and fetus. Be sure to first consult with your doctor about taking this or that collection or soothing tea, since the use of some of them during pregnancy can have a completely unexpected effect. Reception in large quantities of some teas, with mint, with raspberry leaf, may induce labor or increase the risk of miscarriage or premature birth. You should be more careful with fees unknown in composition. Also food future mother means categorical and complete failure from alcohol in any form, since there is no reliably confirmed safe dose alcohol for the fetus. A categorical and unambiguous ban is imposed on alcohol!

What is the essence of any diet? Strictly limited. Restrictions apply to absolutely everything - meal time, quantity, type. The same goes for drinks. You can only drink water and green tea no sugar, carbohydrates only in the morning, only in the evening protein food, after 6 pm do not eat, divide all food into 5 receptions and so on. How far these recommendations are from our usual, comfort food. It is quite natural that when we are on a diet, we only think about food. And the longer we sit on a diet, the more attractive it seems to us. The more we want to go back to normal eating.

It's completely natural. First, our taste habits. In humans, they are formed over decades, first under the influence of family and national traditions, then under the influence of personal taste preferences. It is clear that any violent attempt to break them will be met with resistance. The body is accustomed to receiving certain foods in a certain amount in certain time. Even if it is a harmful, high-calorie food, which led to the deposition of fat reserves, the body is used to working this way, and the deposition of fat is a natural process for it, for this there is a fat depot. If you refuse him this, it will be stressful. Hence the breakdowns, and discomfort, and obsessions something tasty. As a result, as soon as you stop dieting, you try to reward yourself for the torment and return to your usual diet. Of course, after a while you will notice that all the work has been in vain, the lost kilograms have returned.

Secondly, the constant restriction of nutrition in terms of volume and calorie content leads to the fact that the blood is constantly maintained high level the hunger hormone ghrelin. If on initial stage you can still resist attacks of hunger, then the more time passes, the harder such a struggle is given. As a result, all the same breakdowns and repeated weight gain after stopping the diet.

It seems that the situation is hopeless - you can’t lose weight without a diet, and the diets themselves are ineffective. So it is, but only if you want to get a quick and short-term result. If you are ready to fight for your harmony, you will have to be patient. There are a few general rules which are suitable for absolutely everyone. If you follow them, then you can not only effectively reduce weight, but also forget about the word "diet".

No discomfort

The most important thing in the process of losing weight is in no case to experience discomfort. If you feel discomfort, then sooner or later you will try to consciously or unconsciously return to your usual comfortable state. But you know that this is the most comfortable state and led to weight gain. Don't get busy physical activity to exhaustion - nothing but pain in the muscles, it will not give you. But next time you will look for an excuse not to go to the gym. Do not immediately limit your diet to a minimum, do it gradually - first exclude only the most high-calorie foods with great content fat and sugar, then you can gradually eliminate oil-based foods and replace them with steamed or grilled foods. Such a gradual replacement will already give a significant reduction in calorie content, while you will not experience discomfort.

phasing

A gradual reduction in calories by replacing some foods with others and reducing portions will lead to the same result as diets: your food will become hypocaloric, but this will not happen abruptly, but gradually. Of course, with this approach, you will not immediately see significant results, but it will teach you how to eat right and stick to restrictions without any stress. Break this process into several steps. For example, at the first stage, you only analyze how much you overeat in terms of calories and which foods in your diet are the most high-calorie. Keeping a diary - The best way everything is counted and recorded. This step may take you about a week. At the second stage, try to give up the most high-calorie foods, replacing them with less harmful and low-calorie ones. For example, exclude from the diet sausages, sausages, sausages, which contain a large number of hidden fats. Replace them with boiled meat or meat cooked in foil. Also evaluate how much the calorie content of your diet has decreased. If that's not enough to keep your calorie intake lower than your body's need for the day, keep looking at what else can be removed or replaced. Such analysis and selection of products can take from several weeks to several months. Don't let that bother you. This process is not fast, but you yourself will develop your own diet, which you can then follow exactly as long as it takes to achieve the desired result.

No taboo

The worst thing about any diet is strict prohibitions. It is precisely what is forbidden that seems to us especially attractive. Everyone is well aware the Forbidden fruit sweet. That is why do not deny yourself that you love so much, at all. If you want chocolate or whipped cream with strawberries, eat it. But not on an empty stomach. If you eat something while full, you can easily be satisfied with a small portion. Moreover, if one day you made yourself such a small gift, it's okay. We all eat differently every day, sometimes more, sometimes less. The main thing is the total number of calories per week. If this value fits into the framework of hypocaloric nutrition, then everything is in order.

Balance in everything

All extremes are equally harmful. Both malnutrition and overeating. And absence physical activity, and exercise on simulators to exhaustion. You should not strive to lose 10 kg in a week, even if you really want to. Even if someone wrote on the Internet that he was able to achieve this. Firstly, you do not personally know this person, and you can write anything you want. Not everything can be trusted. Secondly, a sharp decline weight does not teach you how to eat right to keep the result. So, the best solution would be a gradual change not only in your diet, but also in your lifestyle. Such things cannot be changed instantly, it is a long process. But the nice thing about this is that it will definitely lead to the desired result. Gradual reduction in caloric intake and gradual increase physical activity is a guarantee that in one moment you will not drop everything and return to your comfortable state on the couch in front of the TV with a large serving of ice cream.

Help a friend

Home first aid kit

There are also difficult cases. For example, a healthy appetite does not want to succumb to your persuasion and follow the path of moderation and healthy eating. rational nutrition. Visions of tender cakes and juicy barbecue are tormenting, after six it is impossible to think about anything but food, and any trip to visit or friendly gatherings in a cafe threaten to end in a breakdown. It's okay if at the first stage you have to resort to the help of appetite suppressants. Preparations containing sibutramine, such as Goldline Plus, do an excellent job with this problem. They act on the satiety center in the brain. The feeling of fullness is prolonged and, as a result, the feeling of hunger is dulled, while it becomes much easier to adhere to dietary restrictions. Scientists in a number of studies have found that when taking such funds caloric intake is reduced by 25%, a the amount of food consumed - by 20%. The effect develops gradually during the first month of administration, and maximum effect seen after three months. If you want to not only moderate your appetite, but also form the right eating habits, then it is recommended to extend the intake up to 6 months. But, in any case, no drug, no remedy will do everything for you. If you want to get rid of extra pounds, you have to work on yourself.

Nutrition for a pregnant woman

It's believed that daily ration should not exceed 2500 kcal in the first half of pregnancy and not more than 3000 kcal in the second. For persons with overweight body, these figures are reduced to 2000 kcal, regardless of the gestational age. During pregnancy, the daily requirement for carbohydrates is 350-400 g, proteins - about 120 g, fats - no more than 80-85 g.

Foods that irritate should be excluded from it. gastrointestinal tract that violate metabolism (fried, salty, pickled foods containing a large amount of fat, sugar, starch, and spicy seasonings).

To satisfy thirst, tea and coffee are allowed, in small quantities- fruit juices, except for grape juice, because it causes increased fermentation in the intestines, allergic reactions, excitability. It is unacceptable to consume alcohol, drinks and beer.

Special meaning during pregnancy, the body receives a sufficient amount of vitamins, and not of synthetic origin, but contained in natural products. Vitamins weaken side effect antibiotics and others medicines, are used as prophylactic against toxic effect chemical substances, ionizing radiation. During pregnancy, the need for vitamins increases.

Table 23 Daily diet for a woman during pregnancy

The end of the table. 23

Vitamin C. Latent vitamin C deficiency is much more common than we think. It is manifested by a decrease in working capacity, fatigue, sensitivity to cold, susceptibility colds. daily requirement in vitamin C, according to the WHO expert commission - 30-50 mg. natural sources in human nutrition are fresh vegetables, fruits: sorrel, spinach, dill; parsley, green onions, potatoes, white and cauliflower, tomatoes; wild rose, black and red currants, sea buckthorn, wild strawberries, gooseberries, oranges, tangerines, lemons, apples, cherries.

Table 24

Vitamin P(rutin) reduces permeability vascular wall, reduces the possibility of bleeding from the gums. In addition, it activates oxidative processes in tissues and thereby contributes to the formation of an active substance in the body. ascorbic acid, increasing the availability of vitamin C. The need for vitamin P is 25–30 mg / day. It is found mainly in the same vegetables and fruits as vitamin C. Blackcurrants, cherries, chokeberry, apples.

Vitamin b1 provides normal condition internal environment organism. Main sources: rye and wheat bread, baker's yeast, buckwheat, millet, Hercules oatmeal, peas, liver, kidneys.

Vitamin B2(riboflavin) takes part in growth processes, improves eyesight. Vitamin deficiency is usually associated with a lack of protein supply to the body, so beriberi IN 2 seen in vegetarians. The daily requirement for riboflavin is replenished by 70% from meat and dairy products, by 30% from vegetables and fruits. Nai large quantity it is found in eggs, cheese, buckwheat, green peas, baker's yeast.

Vitamin PP (a nicotinic acid) is part of the enzymes involved in cellular respiration, regulates metabolic reactions, pancreatic function, slows down the development of atherosclerosis. Vitamin RR found in peas, beans, and in cereals it is found in bound state and poorly absorbed. Contained in barley, buckwheat, rye and wheat bread, liver and baker's yeast.

Proper nutrition has become so fashionable that it already has its own abbreviation - PP. And those who, according to them, "sit" on proper nutrition, affectionately call each other pepeshki. Unfortunately, most often these same pepshki misunderstand what proper nutrition is and why they don’t need to sit on it, they should live! We decided to dispel all the myths about proper nutrition and, finally, tell everyone what lies at the heart of proper - healthy - nutrition.

Proper nutrition is not a diet

Very often, girls, wanting to lose weight, declare that they “sit down” on proper nutrition. Hundreds of communities have been created on the Internet, where losing weight share recipes proper nutrition, post pictures of their figure before and after and exchange their ideas about proper nutrition. Unfortunately, many people who are losing weight are mistaken and call banal diets, severe restrictions, and even hunger correct nutrition.

Proper nutrition is the opposite of hunger

Hunger has nothing to do with proper nutrition. Therefore, if you put yourself in severe restrictions and starve your body, this is not proper nutrition. It's more of a bad food.

Proper nutrition does not count calories

Counting calories is the stone age. Like this statement or not, my dear readers, but remember one simple truth: you will never accurately calculate the calories in the food you eat. And even more so, you will never know how many of the calories eaten are digested and how many are not. How much went to the energy costs of the body, and how much was deposited in reserve.

The example is very simple: vegetable oil is the leader in calories. Per 100 g - 800-900 Kcal. To lose weight, some so-called "pepeshki" put themselves on 1300-1500 Kcal per day. It turns out 150 g of olive or any other vegetable oil- it's theirs daily allowance. Funny? That's it! Drinking even a triple dose of oil and not consuming anything else from food, no one will begin to get better, and this is 2500 Kcal!

The same with alcohol. Have you seen fat alcoholics? That's it! But alcohol is very high in calories.

Proper nutrition is not destruction, but creation

If you want to learn how to eat right, you don’t need to, first of all, make a list of what you should exclude from your diet. You need to write what you will eat now. Proper nutrition is varied diet, which has everything except frankly harmful things that are created using high production technologies.

With proper nutrition, you can eat potatoes, pasta, pancakes, butter, bananas and even sweets (without trans fats). I specifically bring these products, which many pepeshki drove into the rank of enemies. Yes, these products give a lot of energy, and therefore require the waste of this very energy, but they also bring benefits. If you choke on oatmeal in the morning and love baked potatoes. Then replace one with another and everything will be fine! If you love bananas, but are afraid to eat them because they contain a lot of starch, then eat a banana at the first snack, but do not eat that day, for example, whole wheat bread or rice noodles. You can always find a compromise and the right approach to yourself.

Exclude from proper nutrition should be: sausage products; muffin; margarine and everything where it is contained; fast food products; everything, deep-fried, poultry skin,

Proper nutrition does not include low-fat foods

If you're eating low-fat dairy, you're already eating the wrong food! Eliminating fat is again a diet. Proper nutrition provides that the diet should contain everything: proteins, fats, carbohydrates. Low-fat dairy products will do you no good.

Proper nutrition is the use of a variety of fish and meat, not chicken breast

If you are eating one chicken breast, then you are on a crazy diet. Eat a variety of meats, including pork. And even pork fat beneficial in moderate doses. But grilled chicken with a fragrant crispy crust is better to exclude, and if you eat, then removing this very skin. And then the girls - pepeshki completely forgot that in addition to the chicken breast there is also a wonderful turkey, and rabbit meat, etc.

Proper nutrition is eating the right carbohydrates

Everyone knows what to eat complex carbohydrates. And not once a week, but every day. It's just a question of portions. The portion should be small, then nothing will be deposited in fat. How small? - you ask. It depends on your metabolism. And metabolism depends on the presence muscle mass, bowel movements, your emotionality, etc. Learn more about metabolism here.

Proper nutrition is a sufficient amount of vegetables and fruits in the diet.

Fortunately, more and more people talk and write about the benefits of vegetables. And our dear pepeshki learn to eat them. Vegetables, indeed, are extremely necessary for our body for both harmony and health.

As for fruits, they are also beneficial. Just eat them in moderation, just like everything else. It is advisable to eat fruits in a separate meal, for example, during a snack.

Proper nutrition is the correct drinking regime

No matter how much there is a debate around water, it is extremely important for our health. You need to drink as much as possible. There is no upper limit.

Proper nutrition is the minimization of fried

Returning to the girls who, deceiving themselves, sit on proper nutrition and eat fried oatmeal pancakes in the morning, I would like to note what they are doing wrong. If you decide that oatmeal should be for breakfast, then cook delicious porridge, and if you are tired of it, then eat an omelette, for example. I am not against oatmeal pancakes, but in the photos in the PP groups there are fried oatmeal pancakes that slimming girls cook for breakfast. Proper nutrition is boiled, baked, stewed and fried over an open fire, but not in a pan and oil.

Proper nutrition has nothing to do with sweeteners

Around the recipes for desserts with sweeteners, which supposedly will not spoil your figure. If you want to lose weight, you must completely change your attitude towards sweets, namely, get out of the slave worship of sweets, and not eat low-calorie cakes with sweeteners. So you will not be able to maintain harmony, because on a subconscious level you have not gotten rid of the cause of excess weight.

And if you just want to learn how to eat right, then throw out all the sweeteners! They are made for people who are sick. diabetes! It's better sometimes to allow yourself a dessert with normal sugar, and then shake it on a treadmill than regularly poison yourself with sweeteners.

Proper nutrition is small portions 5 times a day

No need to drive yourself to extreme hunger. In this state, you will eat much more than your body needs. Therefore, there is a 3 + 2 system. Three meals and two snacks. This rule will maintain your strength and emotional balance.

You can stick to proper nutrition anytime, anywhere!

I would also like to note that you can eat right not only at home, but also in a cafe or restaurant, or at work in the canteen. And then some say that it is impossible for those who go to work to adhere to proper nutrition. So people justify their unwillingness to change something. In any catering there is a side dish, there are vegetable salads without mayonnaise, there is a large selection of meat and fish. Even if the meat or fish is cooked in the oven under a crust of cheese or mayonnaise, you can always remove the excess. Again, you can always find something to eat without harm. Going to the supermarket in a state of extreme hunger, you can buy not chips or chocolate, but nuts (a mixture of nuts), not dubious fitness bars, but bananas or tangerines. If you are a guest at the table, then there are a lot of dishes that are related to proper nutrition.

“Walking” on the Internet, I often come across conflicting information on the use of certain products. Therefore, I had a desire to summarize the information and solve the question for myself: food restriction always justified or not?

So can you still give up meat? No, it's not worth "chopping" from the shoulder! The right decision there will be a reduction in its consumption, for example, not eating meat every day, giving preference to non-fat varieties.

Meat contains protein, which is essential for building the muscles that support our skeleton. An interesting pattern - the more in our body muscle tissue, the less chance of the appearance of extra pounds.

The restriction in the diet of sweets is a fairly common topic, especially since it is associated with overweight. BUT excess weight it is not only the presence of a "life buoy" at the waist, but also serious problems with health. If in young years the metabolism is normal, then with age it decreases.

In women after 40 - 45 years with a change in hormonal status, not only overweight but also change taste preferences. As a rule, it is during this period that the majority begins to pull on sweets.

What to do? Step on the "throat" own desires? If you follow the rule: EVERYTHING IN MODERATION, then there will be nothing terrible, for example, add one cake to tea without sugar or, like me, your favorite marshmallow. AT fast carbohydrates contained in sweets, our brain needs.

It's no secret to anyone that eating a piece of chocolate will cheer you up. BUT good mood- pledge good health. A small addition - it is better to indulge in sweets around 17:00, since at this time carbohydrates are well absorbed, quickly consumed and do not turn into fat.

I hope that you liked the topic of dietary restriction and that it will be useful for someone!

And if you have a desire to limit yourself in food with the help of willpower, watch this video: