First aid for severe leg injuries. Leg injury - what should I do? Alternative methods of treatment of bruises with edema

AT Everyday life people get a lot of injuries as a result of falls, collisions or blows. As a result, leg injury often occurs..

In this condition, there is often severe pain and swelling. To prevent negative consequences, you need to see a doctor in time.

However, in simple cases It is quite possible to treat a bruised leg at home.

Clinical picture

FROM medical point vision, a bruise is a lesion of soft tissues or muscles without damage to their structure.

Depending on the degree of injury, the symptoms this violation may be different. The main ones include the following:

1. Pain different nature- most often there is aching discomfort.
2. Swelling of the affected area.
3. Pulsation of the damaged area.
4. The appearance of a hematoma.

Fracture has similar manifestations. Therefore, it is important to determine the nature of the injury.

To do this, you need to analyze the following features:

Sometimes a hematoma does not appear in the fracture area. Therefore, the victim takes the damage for a slight bruise or swelling. To put accurate diagnosis, you need to see a doctor.

Many people are interested in whether they give sick leave when they get an injury.. The decision on this can only be made by a doctor, depending on the nature and severity of the injuries received.

Features of bruises in children

Children are highly mobile. Therefore, a bruised leg in a child is not uncommon. These injuries are often the result of bad falls or blunt force trauma.

Pain and swelling occur immediately or only a few days after the injury. With a severe bruise, hemorrhage develops, which leads to the formation of a hematoma.

Leg bruises in children are often accompanied by sprains or torn ligaments.. There is also a risk of dislocation or fracture of bones.

When a pronounced pain syndrome, which increases with movement, you should immediately consult a doctor.

What to do with a leg injury? This question worries a lot of people. First aid for a leg injury involves performing simple manipulations. For this you need:

If the symptoms do not improve after first aid, the patient should be seen by a doctor.. The specialist will diagnose and be able to exclude more serious injuries - for example, a broken leg.

Many people are interested in how to treat a bruised leg with swelling at home.

On the first day after injury to the limb, it is necessary to apply cold to the injured area. Subsequently, these manipulations must be changed to thermal procedures.

To do this, use dry or wet compresses, warm baths, lotions. With the help of these simple procedures, a hematoma on the leg after a bruise is treated.

It is not necessary when receiving such injuries to perform rubbing of the affected areas. Similar procedures capable of provoking the development of thrombophlebitis. This term means enough complex pathology, which is accompanied by blockage of the veins by blood clots.

How to smear the damaged area after removing the exacerbation, the doctor should tell. Most often, anti-inflammatory drugs are used - Diklak, Voltaren, Ibuprofen ointment.

How to remove the tumor from the affected limb? To do this, you can use Troxevasin, Lioton gel, Heparin gel.

If the leg is swollen or a bump has formed, these substances are rubbed with light movements into the affected area. It is recommended to do this 2-3 times a day.

How to quickly heal an injury? To do this, you need to choose an effective folk remedy. The following recipes help to cope with the problem:

What can not be done with an injury?

Many people are interested in what not to do after an injury. There are a few simple guidelines:

• immediately after the injury, it is impossible to ignore what happened, especially if the child was injured;
• it is impossible to move the victim without fixing the injured limb;
• it is forbidden to try to set the dislocation on your own;
• drugs should not be used without consulting a doctor.

In simple cases, the prognosis is usually favorable. Thanks to uncomplicated therapeutic actions you can quickly deal with the consequences of an injury.

With the appearance of hematomas, the recovery period increases. These formations can compress the nerve trunks and blood vessels. Due to the addition of infection, there is a risk of suppuration.

That's why heat after an injury should definitely become the basis for consulting a doctor.

With complex bruises, there is a risk of tissue necrosis. In such a situation, urgent medical attention is required. Another dangerous complication considered periostitis - inflammation of the periosteum.

Concerns should also cause bruises of the leg joint. Because he has complex structure, there is a risk of developing dangerous consequences. To include rupture of ligaments, hemarthrosis, damage to the joint capsule.

A bruised leg is a serious enough condition that can cause negative consequences. Therefore, the appearance of any suspicious symptoms should be the basis for a visit to a specialist.

In simple cases, it is quite possible to cope on your own, immediately providing adequate assistance to the victim.

Bruises are one of the most common leg injuries. They can be accompanied by serious consequences, for example, a fracture, rupture of soft tissues and ligaments. If there are no such complications, then the manifestations of a bruise are reduced to pain, swelling, hematoma. It requires treatment. Consider how a bruised leg manifests itself, and if it is swollen, what to do in such cases.

In today's life, few citizens pay attention to warming up the muscles of the foot. Because of this, a leg bruise is a common injury in the population that occurs when strong blow some object, about it or after falling from a height. The most common lesions are subcutaneous adipose tissue.

You can recognize a leg bruise using the following signs of damage:

• leg pain;
• bruise;
• hematoma;
• swelling of the limb;
• limitation of leg movement.

Doctors distinguish four types of bruises:

• bruises 1 degree;
• bruises of the 2nd degree;
• 3 degree of injury;
• 4 degree of damage.

The first one is easy. In this case, the epidermis of the damaged area has scratches or abrasions. If the damage is not treated, then it passes after 4 days on its own and does not entail consequences.

The second degree involves muscle injury. Muscle rupture occurs. This causes the development of a hematoma, and provokes swelling of the soft tissues. In the second degree of injury, a person feels severe pain, because of which it general state getting worse. Medical practice indicates that tendon rupture or sprain is more common. AT severe cases trauma is accompanied by dislocation.

Hazardous to health - those blows that are characterized by the third degree of severity. Such an injury affects the knee, its joint, and the coccyx may also suffer if the injury is caused by a fall.

Describing the 4th degree of bruises, it must be said that this injury is most pronounced. More often this is due to violations that can permanently change the quality of human life. Bruised places after healing do not fulfill their functions, and the general condition of a person can be threatening.

Symptoms

Pain is main feature bruise that occurs with any of its forms. If the knee area is damaged, then a large lump is formed there, painful on palpation. The process is accompanied by swelling and hematoma.

If the pain is very strong, then this condition indicates that a bone fracture has occurred. In this case, immediate medical attention is required after providing first aid to the victim.

When a toe is injured, the soft tissues, and the process can be complicated by dislocation or fracture. it frequent injury, which occurs in the summer, due to wearing open shoes. At slight injury the finger hurts sharply, the color of the skin changes, it is impossible to move it.

When the phalanx is injured, severe pain occurs, hemorrhage occurs. Sometimes the nail is damaged.

What to do with such an injury?

Bruises are much easier to cure than fractures or muscle strains. But, regardless of the degree of injury, first aid is necessary, and the need for further treatment is determined by the doctor.

First aid

Before starting treatment, the victim is given first aid. To do this, he is seated in a comfortable position or laid on a comfortable surface. In this position, the injured limb will be at rest. So that the blood does not rush to the site of injury, the leg is placed on a hill, and to avoid the development of blood smudges or bruises, ice is applied to the bruised area. Ice floes are best wrapped in a towel, then applied to the skin for 15 minutes, providing the victim with complete rest.

In the absence of ice, the sore leg is substituted under a stream of cold water and kept for about 5 minutes. Then they are taken out of the water, and the procedure is repeated with the same duration. After cooling for sore spot impose pressure bandage, which will help stop the development of a hematoma.

These actions will help minimize Negative consequences bruises.

Important! The patient should not walk and stay on his feet long time after injury. In the future, after first aid, treatment is carried out.

Why first aid for bruises is important, the specialist tells in this video:

Further treatment

Next, the bruised tissues are warmed. The application of warming lotions, compresses and taking thermal baths helps to reduce swelling and the manifestation of a hematoma. Use warming ointments for bruises -,. good effect gives, and if necessary, painkillers are prescribed.

Pain is relieved with the help of painkillers and special medications. If the bruise persists for a long time, then doctors advise you to go to the hospital.

Important! After a day has passed since the injury, cooling of the bruised area is not required.

Rubbing is not allowed in therapy, as such actions will lead to the formation of blood clots. This disease is characterized by the formation of a blood clot in a vein.

If bacteria actively multiply in the resulting bruise, then this condition causes infection and provokes an inflammatory process. The treatment of this injury is carried out in a hospital, where the surgeon opens the festering place.

ethnoscience

Exist following methods for the treatment of bruises with the help of traditional medicine:

• application of plantain leaves;
• taking foot baths with salt;
• applying and fixing a cabbage leaf;
• rubbing with alcohol.

Compresses to damaged areas are applied from the following ingredients:

• warm milk;
• boiled or raw potatoes, mashed or cut into slices;
• crushed aloe leaves help in the event that a hematoma has formed on the leg;
• a mixture of salt and chopped onions;
• fresh wormwood in powdered form.

When a patient is allergic to plants or does not tolerate medicines, a badyagi compress is used for treatment. The lotion is made from 20 grams of badyagi powder, which are diluted in warm water until a homogeneous mixture is obtained. With a mixture under a bandage, walk throughout the day. Change the bandage to a fresh one twice a day.

Possible Complications

When a person receives a minor injury, then there are no consequences in this case. Symptoms disappear as early as three or four days after injury.

If the injury affected the muscles, ligaments, joints or bones, then the consequences take place. It can be:

• lameness;
• hematoma;
• violation of the integrity of blood vessels;
• inability to move the injured joint.

A dangerous consequence of a bruised leg is manifested by periostitis. This is an inflammatory process, which is characterized by bursting pain and a pronounced pulse. At the same time, the body temperature rises. To avoid further complications In this case, antibiotics are prescribed.

Conclusion

A bruise is a soft tissue injury that occurs as a result of a blow or fall. Trauma manifests itself varying degrees severity, and in mild cases without consequences. In severe cases, damage affects the muscles, ligaments or bone, and also causes inflammation or suppuration of the damaged area.

A bruised leg is a very unpleasant injury. When it is received, soft tissues are damaged, but without changing the structure. Seek medical attention if you have a bruise so severe that you cannot walk. Most often this happens with injuries to the feet, knees and toes. In other cases, you can cope with the consequences of damage at home. The main thing is to properly provide first aid to the victim.

It's very easy to get a leg injury. With such an injury, you can observe:

• severe pain at the site of injury, which prevents movement or reduces the range of motion;
• swelling of the damaged area;
• hematomas and hemarthrosis - accumulation of blood at the site of injury.

Signs of a bruise in all people manifest themselves in different ways. For example, someone cannot walk, but at the same time he does not form a hematoma. And for others, severe bruises the temperature rises.

Immediately after injury, it is necessary to provide first aid to the victim:

If the pain has ceased to bother, and the swelling has not increased, you can continue treatment at home. If the situation worsens, it is necessary to consult a doctor to establish the severity of the injury and make sure that it is really a bruise, and not a fracture.

The doctor will determine what you need- operational or conservative treatment. Surgery is necessary in the following cases:

• suppuration of the bruise;
• damage nerve endings;
• hemorrhage inside the joints;
• rupture of ligaments due to injury.

If surgery is not needed, the doctor will allow you to be treated at home. He will prescribe you some medicines and advise you on certain folk remedies that will be an addition to the main treatment.

• various painkillers (analgin, ibuprofen and nurofen);
• various ointments;
• compresses with medicines(heparin, dimexide and traumeel).

Ointments for leg injuries:

• levomekol;
• dolobene;
• indovazin;
• lyoton;

These remedies will help you get rid of discomfort and remove swelling.

Treatment at home

At home, it is necessary to ensure rest for the injured leg, do not give extra load. First of all, the treatment is aimed at relieving swelling, pain and reducing hematomas.

Foot injury

With a foot injury to remove a hematoma you can make the next one with salt and herbs.

1. Take a teaspoon of salt Bay leaf and chamomile.
2. Dissolve salt in water.
3. Add chamomile and bay leaf to this solution, mix.
4. Before going to bed, it is necessary to moisten a towel with this solution and tie it to the foot for the night.

There is one more folk way, which allows you to quickly get rid of the consequences of a bruised foot: apply a thick layer of wormwood juice to the injury site. Such a compress quickly disinfects and heals wounds, relieves pain, stops bleeding caused by injuries. To obtain juice, fresh wormwood must be very finely chopped with a knife or crushed until juice is obtained.

Shin bruise

Despite the fact that this injury is very unpleasant, it is very easy to diagnose and quickly passes - it is enough to save your leg from additional stress.

However, if the pain and swelling do not subside, a doctor's consultation is necessary, since a frequent injury to the lower leg is a fracture of the fibula, which has the same symptoms as a bruised leg.

Treatment for a bruised toe

At home, such an injury is very easy to cure. Immediately after the injury, something cold should be applied to the finger. Then you can proceed to the next steps.

knee injury

The principles of treatment for a bruised knee are the same as for the treatment of other parts of the leg. However, there is one folk remedy that will help cure this injury much faster. For treatment, do the following procedures:

• on a sheet white cabbage make a few cuts to let the juice flow;
• bind cabbage leaf with incisions to your injured knee;
• change the compress every hour.

A compress with wormwood also helps well: a tablespoon of dry chopped wormwood should be mixed with a tablespoon of petroleum jelly, heated over low heat in the oven for 3-4 hours. The resulting ointment must be rubbed into the knee three times a day.

Bruised hip

Cottage cheese can be applied to the site of injury for an hour, onion juice or chopped onion up to 3-5 times a day.

In no case should you move your leg immediately after a bruise - this can only aggravate the situation. On the day of the injury, it is necessary to treat the wound and leave injured leg in complete peace.

Causes

A leg injury often occurs when falling (on the street or at home), as a result of a blow with a blunt object, with industrial or sports, road injuries. It occurs more often in children and people performing heavy physical work.

Main reasons:

• foot injury and ankle joint occurs as a result of the fall of a heavy object;
• shin injury occurs after a direct blow;
• hip injury occurs with a direct hit by a heavy object, a fall during sports, an accident;
• injury knee joint- as a result of a fall, a blow to the knee (as a result of an injury: sports or domestic);
• injury hip joint occurs after a direct blow or as a result of a fall on its side.

Characteristic symptoms

Severe leg injury is accompanied by:

• intense pain at the site of injury, sharply limiting any movement;
• swelling at the site of injury (which tends to increase);
• hemorrhage (associated with damage blood vessels);
• hemarthrosis (when the knee is bruised, blood accumulates inside the joint);
• limitation of joint function as a result of injury;
• difficulty of movement;
• in severe cases - pain in the periosteum, sometimes its exfoliation, damage to the bones.

The severity of manifestations may differ depending on the severity of the injury, the characteristics of the organism of each person.

Providing the victim first aid, rest should be provided to the injured leg, cold should be applied to the damaged area (ice, compress with cold water) for 20 minutes with a break of 5 minutes.

It is recommended to put a roller under the injured leg (so that it is in an elevated position) for a better outflow of blood. Damage to the skin (abrasions, scratches) must be treated with a disinfectant.

• analgesics (for severe pain, Ibuprofen, Nurofen, Analgin are prescribed);
• cold during the first day (to reduce pain and hemorrhage);
• on the second day after the injury - the use of warming compresses with drugs (to reduce swelling: Heparin, Romazulan, Dimexide, Menovazin);
• gels and ointments (to relieve inflammation, reduce swelling and pain: Lyoton, Voltaren, Dolobene, Troxevasin);
• physiotherapy (help reduce swelling, accelerate the resorption of hematomas: electrophoresis, magnetotherapy, UHF)

Surgical treatment is required:

• in case of suppuration of the bruise;
• with damage to nerve endings;
• after intra-articular hemorrhage;
• when stretched with separation from the place of attachment or ligament rupture.

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A bruised leg causes pain, reliable methods of traditional medicine help to get rid of it and prevent possible complications. When treating at home, it is recommended to use only cold compresses on the first day, and warm compresses on the subsequent days (to eliminate edema and better resorption bruises).

Name	Dosage	Mode of application
Vinegar 9% Vegetable oilWater	1 st. l.	A piece of cloth is moistened in the prepared mixture, applied to the site of injury. Cover with a film on top and wrap warmly.
Onion rock salt	5 pieces. 1 st. l.	Rock salt is added to the chopped onion, the mixture is wrapped in a cloth, and applied to the site of injury. Change 3 times during the day. Course 5 days.
fresh wormwood leaves		Rub until a slurry is formed, apply to the site of injury.
apple cider vinegar Salt Iodine	½ l 2 tsp 4 drops	Heated in a water bath Apple vinegar, add salt and iodine to it. A piece of cloth is moistened in the solution, applied to the site of injury.
Beans Potato	5 pieces. 1 PC.	Boil vegetables, knead well, apply to the site of injury for 30 minutes. several times during the day.
Iodine		Apply to the damaged area iodine grid. Do not apply iodine to the entire surface to avoid burns.
Fresh yarrow and plantain leaves	50 g each	Thoroughly crushed leaves are applied to the affected area.

Not possible on the first day warm up a bruise, use medication or folk remedies. Cold compresses are allowed. All other procedures - only starting from the second day.

You can not treat a leg injury on your own, if the pain is intense, does not go away for a long time(2-3 days), it becomes difficult to walk. Perhaps these are manifestations of a dislocation or fracture, for the treatment of which qualified medical care is needed.

It is forbidden to forcefully rub any medicines into the injury site: it can cause vascular thrombosis and severe consequences. It is impossible to give a load to the affected limb (bed rest is recommended for 7 days).

Only a doctor can determine the severity of the injury (whether the integrity of the ligaments and joints is broken).

Prevention measures

It is impossible to protect against accidental injuries, but it is possible to prevent complications. Recommended:

• exercise regularly (to strengthen muscles and protect against damage when falling, hitting);
• include calcium-rich foods in the diet (with its deficiency, serious bruises often occur);
• follow the rules traffic when riding bicycles, roller skates, wear shields to protect the joints from falling;
• wear comfortable shoes;
• walk slowly, looking under your feet;
• observe safety precautions when handling tools that can cause injury.

With timely first aid and proper treatment at home, recovery occurs in 1 to 2 weeks. Every day the pain should decrease. In more complex cases, you should contact a traumatologist.

Anyone can get a leg injury. Doctors say that this is a fairly common injury faced by the population. And the reasons are often hidden in the banal inattention or improper handling of certain items. Treatment of a leg injury at home is usually based on the application medicines. In pharmacies you can pick up a lot of the most different means. As a result, folk methods began to be forgotten.

However, today, when medicines are not affordable for everyone or often turn out to be ineffective, people have become intensely interested in how to treat a bruised leg at home using old recipes.

Definition of injury

Most people take this kind of injury very lightly. It's a pity. After all, ignoring similar condition sometimes can lead to serious consequences.

In some cases, a bruise is accompanied by a dislocation, a bone fracture or a crack. Therefore, it is strictly forbidden to ignore the injury, regardless of its complexity. Be sure to contact a traumatologist. Only he is able to confirm that the injury was only a leg injury. Treatment at home should not be started without an accurate diagnosis.

You can suspect a bruise by the following signs:

1. Acute pain syndrome immediately after the injury. After a while, the severity decreases, but the pain does not disappear.
2. The damaged area is swollen. Such symptoms are observed already 15 minutes after the injury.
3. A bruise appears through the integument of the skin. Its shade can vary from light blue to deep black.

In such situations, it is very important to start treatment of a leg injury at home in a timely manner.

First aid

Faced with an injury that resembles a bruise, one should not be inactive. It's very important to know simple rules how to behave in such a situation.

So, in order to alleviate the suffering of a person, until the time you deliver the patient to traumatology, you should do the following:

1. Be sure to provide complete rest to the injured area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe leg. To do this, sit or lay the patient comfortably.
2. Any treatment for a bruised leg at home begins with the application of ice. You can use whatever is at hand. it cold water, a bottle of lemonade, a pack of ice cream. Cold is applied for 20 minutes with breaks of 5 minutes.
3. It is recommended to place the injured leg on a small hill. This will ensure a better outflow of blood.

And remember: it is on your actions, on understanding how to treat a bruised leg at home, that the entire further process of recovery depends.

Medications

Once the diagnosis is confirmed, there is actual question: how to treat a bruised leg at home? Of course, the doctor will give appropriate recommendations.

Typically, therapy is based on the use of:

1. Painkillers. If the patient experiences severe discomfort, then the medicines "Analgin", "Nurofen", "Ibuprofen" will be prescribed.
2. Ice compresses. In the first days after injury, it is recommended to apply cold. This helps reduce bleeding and eliminate pain.
3. Compresses with medicines. They help eliminate puffiness. However, they can only be used on the second day after the injury. For lotions use drugs "Dimexide", "Romazulan", "Heparin", "Traumel".
4. Ointments, gels. They act locally on the site of injury. Such drugs reduce inflammation, reduce swelling, and relieve pain. Most often, drugs are recommended: Dolobene, Levomekol, Lyoton, Indovazin.

However, we should not forget about folk remedies. Consider what healers recommend to people who have received a bruised leg. Be sure to discuss home treatment with folk remedies with your doctor.

Use of iodine

This tool can be found in every first aid kit. At the same time, few people think that it can speed up the treatment of a leg injury at home. The use of iodine not only disinfects the skin (especially if the bruise is accompanied by a wound), but also helps to restore tissues.

Molecules penetrate deep into the skin, stimulating blood flow to the site of injury. Thus, iodine significantly speeds up the recovery process. Hemorrhage resolves faster.

1. The simplest procedure, which is recommended for injuries, is the application of an iodine mesh to the surface of the damaged area. Do not smear the entire surface. After all, you risk getting a skin burn. And remember that you can apply the mesh only on the second day.
2. There is one more enough effective method eliminate the bruise. Pour apple cider vinegar (0.5 l) into the pan and add salt (1 tablespoon with a slide). Put the mixture on water bath and warm up a bit. Then add 5 drops of iodine to the composition. In the resulting liquid, moisten gauze or a napkin and apply to the site of the bruise. You can wrap it with polyethylene on top. The compress is placed daily for 20 minutes.

The use of badyagi

Such grass is enough effective tool that can relieve the symptoms of bruises. Badyaga is distinguished by anti-edematous, anti-inflammatory action, reduces redness of tissues. In addition, it accelerates the resorption of the hematoma.

To make a medicine, you need to combine badyagi powder (2 tablespoons) with water (1 tablespoon). Mix the ingredients, trying to get a homogeneous gruel. It is this composition that should be applied to the bruised area. Secure with a bandage on top. Therapeutic effect will begin to appear at the moment when the moisture has completely evaporated.

Potato use

It is rather unpleasant if the finger is damaged. And sometimes the injury extends to the nail. Very often, such a finger begins to fester. If the nail plate is damaged, be sure to treat the bruised area with hydrogen peroxide or iodine.

The treatment of a bruised toe at home with the help of potatoes is considered quite effective. Take a raw tuber. Grind it on a grater. Apply the resulting slurry to the site of injury. This compress should be kept on the painful area for several hours. Change the bandage 1-2 times a day.

If, after a bruise, the nail plate has come off the finger, treat the wound with iodine daily. This will protect against infection in the body.

cabbage compress

This is a fairly simple tool. It does not require prior preparation. In this case, the cabbage leaf is considered sufficient effective method injury treatment. Another plus of this therapy is the invisibility of the compress under clothing.

So, you need to attach a clean cabbage leaf to the site of the bruise. Fix such a compress with a bandage. It is recommended to change the sheet 1-2 times a day.

Treatment with onions

This product is sure to be found in any home. And few people know that onions can help with bruises.

You will need 5-6 bulbs. They must be crushed to a state of gruel. To this component, add rock salt - 1 tbsp. l.

Wrap this mixture in a cloth or gauze and apply to the site of the bruise. Change the compress several times a day. Such treatment of a leg bruise at home lasts about 5 days.

Aloe Uses

Famous home flower can help with an injury. It effectively stimulates the resorption of bruises.

You can apply a leaf of aloe, previously cut, to the damaged area. Some healers recommend grinding it into gruel. And make a compress wrapped in gauze.

Regardless of which method you choose, remember that aloe can only deal with fresh bleeding.

On the first day after the injury, only cold compresses are applied to the damaged area! In no case should you warm up your leg at this time, use folk remedies or medical preparations. All warming procedures are allowed to be used only from the second day.

In case of bruises, the victim must be given first aid. The final diagnosis can only be made medical worker, therefore, in case of injury, it is recommended to contact medical institution. In the first days after the bruise, tablets and ointments are prescribed that reduce pain. Then use gels and ointments with decongestant, analgesic, healing, absorbable, regenerating effect. Folk remedies are also used to speed up the healing of bruises.

Clinical picture

A leg injury is an injury that occurs quite often in the practice of traumatologists. In the case of a bruise, damage to the soft tissues of the limbs is noted without changing the structure. In case of bruises, it is necessary to consult a doctor or an emergency room, as chronic pain may subsequently occur.

Limb bruises often occur as a result of street, domestic, sports injuries. Most common in children after sports games, as a result of direct hit of objects in the area of ​​the thigh, lower leg and ankle. In the event of falls, bruises occur with the same frequency in both children and adults.

Bruises of the joints are especially dangerous: knee, ankle. If you do not consult a doctor, in the future you can lose joint mobility.

A bruise has the following symptoms:

• intense pain;
• puffiness;
• subcutaneous or external hemorrhage.

The nature and intensity of symptoms depends on the location and severity of the damage.

Injury damages the skin, subcutaneous adipose tissue, muscles and vessels passing through them. Damage to the leg is accompanied by sharp pain at the site of impact. With a severe bruise, the movement of the limb on a short time is sharply limited, edema appears. When pressure is applied to the affected area, pain occurs with new force and can last up to several weeks.

If the blow fell on the knee joint, after they pass pain, the joint will begin to swell and motor function will be significantly limited. Instinctively, the patient keeps his leg in a bent position. When unbending pain re-emerge. The difference between a bruise and more serious injuries is the preservation of the motor activity of the limb.

Swelling with bruising is associated with the proximity of the ligaments and blood vessels to the impact sites. Vessels burst when damaged, forming a hematoma. A blue-purple bruise is formed at the site of the bruise, which after 3-4 days changes its color to yellow. If a week has passed and the bruise has not resolved, you should immediately go to the hospital.

The doctor will determine if there is more severe injuries such as torn ligaments and broken bones. A mild bruise can be treated at home with medical or folk remedies.

Features of bruises in children

In children, the most common type is a bruised foot. When a bruise occurs, damage to the soft tissues of the foot. Most injuries are caused by hitting an object. Other causes of this injury: falling from a height, squeezing the foot, or falling on the leg of a wide variety of objects.

Often happens at children and a bruise of a knee. It is accompanied by a "torn off" layer of skin in the area of ​​the knee joint. This is due to the absence of soft tissues and thin skin in this part of the body.

In the event of a bruise, the first thing parents should do is to reassure the child. Panic in such cases will only aggravate the situation and frighten the child who is already in pain. It is necessary to remove the pain syndrome as soon as possible and, if necessary, immobilize the limb.

It is necessary to find out if there are any fractures, torn ligaments, or other injuries that are dangerous for the baby. The symptoms of these injuries are similar to clinical picture when injured.

What can not be done with an injury?

First, you can not leave the injury unattended and do not carry out the necessary medical events. Especially if after a while the pain and swelling increase. X-ray and consultation with a doctor in such cases is required.

Secondly, the victim should not be allowed to move until the injured limb is fixed.

Thirdly, it is forbidden to give the limb a natural physiological position - with injuries associated with a bruise, this can lead to a deterioration in the condition.

Fourth, the use of painkillers medical preparations without consulting a doctor is prohibited. Especially if the victim is a child.

First aid

In case of injury, the victim must be given first aid:

• Fix the limb in a static position.
• Do not allow the victim to make unnecessary movements and load the limb.
• Impose cold compress to the injured area to relieve pain.
• Take the victim to the hospital or nearest emergency room.

It must be remembered that when the joints are bruised, the actions will be different from the manipulations with bruised soft tissues.

First aid for soft tissue injury includes the following activities:

• provide peace or a comfortable position;
• to relieve swelling for 10-15 minutes, apply cold (cold bottle of water, product from the freezer, dry ice);
• apply a fixing bandage to the site of injury;
• wounds and scratches are treated with iodine or brilliant green;
• painkillers are taken for persistent pain.

If the condition worsens, you should immediately go to the hospital.

Use of drugs

Painkillers can be used for bruises to relieve pain. The most popular drugs used orally are Paracetamol, Solpadein, Ketanov, Nise. The medicine is taken orally to relieve shock and pain:

1. Paracetamol can be used by children and adults, following the dosage. For adults and adolescents over 12 years of age, a single dose is 500 mg no more than 4 times a day. Children under 6 months - 350 mg per day, from one year to three years - 500 mg per day, from three to six years - 1 g per day, from six to 12 years - 1.5 g of paracetamol per day. The drug is well combined with other drugs. The action lasts about 4 hours.
2. Nise is effective in any pain processes accompanied by inflammation and swelling. Reduces pain and swelling of the joints. In the form of tablets, adults are prescribed twice a day for 100 mg, maximum - up to 400 mg. Children 2-3 years old can take Nise strictly according to the instructions and only in the form of a suspension. Children 3-12 years old are allowed suspension and tablet forms. Older than 12 years - more often attributed to the drug in the form of tablets. Calculation of the dose of the drug: 3-5 mg per 1 kg of body weight. It is used once to relieve pain shock.
3. Ketanov - symptomatic remedy, which allows you to short-term reduce pain. The drug does not treat the cause of the disease. Therefore, there is a risk of masking more serious damage. Recommended for use in adults, no more than 20 mg at a time.
4. Solpadeine contains paracetamol. Indications for use and dosage - as with paracetamol.

With bruises, it is often more appropriate to use external means. In pharmacies, they are sold in the form of gels and ointments:

Name of the drug	Manufacturer	Compound	Action	Contraindications
express bruise	Georg Biosystems, Russia	Spongilla extract, lacustris fragilis, inorganic pigments	It has a make-up effect. Helps dissolve bruises	Individual intolerance to the components of the cream
Indovazin	BALKANPHARMA-TROYAN, Bulgaria	Troxerutin, indomethacin	Anti-inflammatory and angioprotective action, for external use	Children's age up to 14 years. Possible allergic reactions
Bruise-off	Biokon, Russia	Extract medicinal leech, ethoxydiglycol.	It has anticoagulant, thrombolytic, anti-inflammatory, antihypoxic, decongestant, draining properties, improves blood microcirculation	Possible allergic reactions
Arnigel	Boiron, France	Arnica montana, carbomer, sodium hydroxide solution	Anti-inflammatory, anti-edematous, healing and bactericidal action	It is not recommended to apply the gel under an occlusive dressing.
Heparin ointment	Nizhpharm, Russia	Heparin, sodium, benzocaine, benzyl nicotinate	Antithrombotic action	Possible allergic reactions, skin hyperemia
Dexpanthenol	CJSC VERTEX, Russia	Dexpanthenol, vaseline oil	Stimulates skin regeneration	Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug
Heparoid Zentiva	Zentiva, Czech Republic	Heparinoids, beeswax	It has anti-inflammatory, antiexudative action, anticoagulant activity	Not
Comfrey gel	CJSC Twins Tech, Russia	Comfrey extract, chondroitin, essential oils	Reduces inflammation. Accelerates the repair of damaged tissues	Not
Badyaga 911	CJSC Twins Tech, Russia	badyagi extract, horse chestnut, chamomile	Has an irritating effect	Cannot be applied to mucous membranes
Apizartron	Neopharm, Russia	Bee venom, methyl salicylate and allyl isothiocyanate	Has a local irritant, vasodilating effect	Do not apply to damaged skin. Contraindicated in children under 12 years of age
Ortofen	CJSC VERTEX, Russia	Diclofenac sodium	It has analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. Reduces pain and tissue swelling	Children under 6 years old
Bystrumgel	OAO Akrikhin, Russia	Ketoprofen	Anti-inflammatory, analgesic action	Hypersensitivity, childhood

Traditional medicine recipes

AT traditional medicine are available and simple recipes for the treatment of bruises, but they can only be used as an adjunct to drug treatment.

If the site of injury is swollen, you can apply a compress:

• Saline. Make warm saline solution at the rate of 2 tbsp. l. for 1 liter of water. Wet a cotton cloth in the solution, apply it to the sore spot, wrap it with a warm cloth, leave it overnight.
• Potato. raw potatoes rubbed on a grater. The mixture is placed on the fabric, applied to the bruised area, left for 30-40 minutes.
• Cabbage. The leaves of red or white cabbage need to be kneaded, make incisions to extract the juice, apply to the sore spot for 1-1.15 hours.

Onion, garlic, beet compress are made according to the same principle. With bruises effective ways are tinctures of medicinal herbs. Suitable herbs with anti-inflammatory, absorbable, soothing effects are calendula, golden mustache, celandine, chamomile, burdock leaves, plantain and wormwood.

1 st. l. dry raw materials pour 200 ml of boiling water, insist, cool to a temperature comfortable for the body. Wet the cloth in the infusion, apply to the affected area, wrap it with a warm towel. Leave for 1 hour.

When using folk remedies, it is necessary to check the patient for an allergy to active ingredient funds. To do this, apply a cotton pad soaked in tincture to the elbow bend. If redness does not appear after 15 minutes, the remedy can be used to treat a bruise.

Possible consequences of injury

If, in case of a severe injury, you do not consult a doctor or organize it incorrectly therapeutic measures, undesirable complications after an injury may appear.

If the blow fell on the joint, fluid accumulates in the joint bag. The synovial membrane that lines the joint is very sensitive to various inflammatory processes. She immediately starts producing excess amount mucus. Fluid accumulates in the knee joint, it increases significantly in size, which causes pain and limits motor activity limbs. You need to see a doctor. He prescribes a hard bandage and drains fluid from the joint.

Often, bruises that people have not paid attention to lead to chronic bursitis. Inflammation of the bursa is accompanied by the accumulation of inflammatory fluid. Manifested elevated temperature, pain, swelling, redness and limitation of movement of the diseased joint. The doctor takes a puncture, an X-ray of the joint is taken. Treatment includes motion rest of the affected limb, cold compresses, painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs. Chronic bursitis is often an indication for surgical treatment.

At mechanical damage meniscus (cartilaginous plate of the knee joint), inflammation or rupture of the ligaments may form. With untimely medical care, the meniscus is quickly destroyed, which can subsequently lead to disability.

Many people have experienced leg injuries, mostly contusion. It is easy to get such an injury, for example, as a result of a fall or collision. After receiving a bruise, edema develops. If we consider a bruise from a medical point of view, soft tissue damage occurs, in which a holistic violation does not develop, in selected cases, ligament rupture is determined.

Initial symptoms are noticeable immediately after the injury. The patient experiences acute pain, joint damage can occur. If present severe swelling the leg is difficult to move. Often there is a strong bruise, formed due to rupture of blood vessels. With a bruise, treatment should be started immediately so that the symptoms do not intensify. There are a number of stages of the disease, each stage is accompanied by its own treatment. It is carried out within the walls of the hospital or at home.

Injury lower limb

Degrees of bruising and complications requiring timely treatment

Treatment depends on the degree of injury, severity, characteristics of the human body. For example, a bruise in the elderly takes longer to heal than in middle-aged people.

All bruises are divided into degrees:

1. A mild degree is characterized little damage skin. For example, a small scratch. Treatment in this case is fast enough three days for a person to fully recover.
2. The second degree of severity is characterized by the occurrence of edema, at the same time severe acute pain appears, the general condition of the patient worsens, it is required to consult a traumatologist.
3. In the third form, there is a strong hematoma, which is formed due to muscle rupture, a complication is likely. Such bruises are typical for the knee joint of the legs.
4. The fourth form of injury is dangerous for a person, there is a risk of remaining disabled.

Before starting treatment, you will need to establish the severity of the bruise. If the first degree of severity is present, treatment is carried out at home. In other cases, you need to consult a traumatologist.

Complications of a bruise are different. First of all, a hematoma occurs, which is a hemorrhage under the skin, then edema can form, preventing free movement. It is required to treat a hematoma with a cold compress, then a tight bandage is applied, in case of severe pain, an anesthetic is used. If the hematoma reaches large sizes, an operation is performed to open it. The blood accumulated under the skin is removed, the bleeding vessel is blocked. If the patient constantly feels acute pain, it is indicated to consult a doctor. The reason is able to hide in the rupture of the ligaments, an operation will be required to restore them.

Selected patients independently begin to massage the edema, not suspecting that they provoke thrombophlebitis in this way.

How to start treatment for a bruise

Treatment of a leg injury begins with first aid. Proper first aid for a bruise will significantly improve a person’s condition in the future. Initially, you will need to relieve the pain syndrome, then proceed with active actions.

1. A person who has received a leg injury should sit down, the limbs are provided with complete rest. To prevent swelling from spreading quickly, it is recommended to raise the leg, it is possible to place a pillow under the foot.
2. If the patient received wounds and abrasions during a fall, the damage should be treated with a special antibacterial, wound healing agent Take, for example, hydrogen peroxide.
3. Some well-wishers believe: if the leg swells, a pressure bandage is required. Remember, the bandage should not press hard on the site of swelling, creating pain and discomfort.

   Symptoms of severe injury

4. Periodically, it is required to apply ice to a sore spot, and be careful not to chill the joints. Every 15 minutes after applying ice, give the leg a break for at least an hour.
5. Turning to the doctor, ask to prescribe a special pain reliever: Ibuprofen, Aspirin and analgin.

After the measures taken, the patient's condition improves, then the doctor treats the patient, prescribing separate diagnostic procedures.

Treatment of a bruise in the hospital and at home

If a person got too serious injury, he is left under the supervision of doctors at the hospital. A tight bandage is applied, painkillers are prescribed, warming of the ligaments is prescribed so that they heal faster. Warming up is helpful for developing the joint. While the patient is undergoing treatment, it is important that the feet are at rest, in difficult stages, an operation is prescribed to restore the ligaments.

If a person is injured of 1-2 degrees, after first aid, the legs continue to be treated at home. In the first three days, you will have to take care of removing the edema by constantly applying a cold compress to the leg. When the swelling subsides, the bruise is treated with warm compresses, perhaps even taking hot baths and warming up. Thermal treatment aimed at reducing the hematoma.

Hematoma heating

It is required to treat a bruise with the help of special nonsteroidal ointments. If the patient is in severe pain, an anesthetic will be required. Heparin gel and Troxevasin help relieve inflammation. These drugs are prescribed by a doctor, there is a risk of being exposed to allergic reactions The patient's condition will only get worse.

With a severe bruise, you will need to undergo a diagnosis to rule out rupture of the ligaments. If the bruise is not treated, damage to the nerve endings will occur, the bruise will fester. As a rule, when proper care a bruise does not harm a person’s health, especially since pharmacies sell a lot of products and drugs that help quickly remove swelling and improve the general condition of a person. To cure the disease faster, do not miss the chance to conduct a course of electrophoresis. Even after complete recovery, the patient is able to observe swelling of the leg in the area former damage for a long time. This happens if there is a large load on the leg.

Treatment of a bruise with folk remedies

When treating an injury, remember to folk methods treatment. The methods proven over the years will turn out to be effective, will complement the general medical treatment.

Compress to the site of injury

1. To relieve leg swelling, moisten gauze in vodka and apply to the site of injury for several minutes.
2. Onions will help relieve pain. Grate the onion on a coarse grater, wrap in gauze so that the fabric is saturated with juice and apply to the injury site for three hours. Repeat the procedure in the evening and morning.
3. The feet are wiped with vinegar with chopped garlic, the site of the bruise is carefully treated with the mixture, the slurry is rubbed into the sore spot with light massage movements, improving blood circulation.
4. use indoor plant aloe. Squeeze juice from the leaf of the plant, use as a compress. Or cut the leaf in half and apply to the sore spot, the juice helps relieve inflammation and swelling in the leg.
5. When the swelling of the leg begins to subside, baths with salt are used to promote healing. For example, you can use table salt or take marine cosmetic as a basis. AT warm water half a pack of salt is diluted, a bruised leg is lowered there. Monitor the temperature of the water - hot is not needed, this will increase blood flow, the bruise will become even larger. Hold the foot in the bath for exactly an hour, then wipe it with lotions from the water. It is possible to do the procedure daily until the leg fully resumes its functions, discomfort during movement disappears.

There are no difficulties in treating a bruise, but it is not worth leaving the disease unattended so that in the future you will not encounter complications that bring trouble to a person’s life. Properly selected methods of treatment will help you quickly get back on your feet and return to your usual lifestyle. It is important to remember about safety methods, inattention and wearing uncomfortable shoes play a fatal role in a person's life, forever leaving him disabled.

In everyday life, a person is faced with various injuries. As a result of falls, collisions, blows, a bruise of the leg often occurs. Treatment and treatment medical care not required here. It is enough to know what to do with a leg injury.

leg injury - closed damage soft tissues without significant damage to their integrity. The main causes of a leg injury are a fall, a blow, a collision with a hard object, a traffic accident, active games, sports.

The first symptoms of a leg injury appear a few minutes after the injury. Sharp pain, swelling of the leg after a bruise, impaired functioning of the joint, difficulty in moving and relying on the injured leg, increased pain when bending and touching the leg are sure signs of injury. Symptoms of a severe leg injury are the appearance of a hematoma in the area of ​​hyperemia. A bruise is formed due to hemorrhage that occurs as a result of rupture of small blood vessels. If your leg is swollen after a bruise, then this is a signal to start treatment.

Degrees of leg injury

The intensity and severity of symptoms varies depending on the degree of leg injury. This is related to the severity of the injury and individual features person. By severity, bruises are classified as follows:

• 1 - minor damage to the skin (scratches, abrasions). The duration of treatment is 3-4 days, no treatment of the leg after an injury is required;
• 2 is accompanied by the formation of hematoma and edema due to rupture muscle tissue, the pain is acute, the general state of health of the patient is deteriorating. The second degree of leg injury requires treatment in the emergency room;
• 3 is characterized by damage to muscles and tendons, complications are possible. Such an injury in the area of ​​the knee joint is especially dangerous;
• 4 is dangerous for human health, since the damaged area of ​​the body ceases to function due to changes and disruption of the normal functioning of the damaged part.

Before treating a leg injury, it is necessary to determine the extent of the injury. See a doctor if you have grade 3 or 4 damage. In other cases, you can treat a bruised leg at home.

Possible complications of a leg injury

The consequences of a severe bruise of the leg are a hematoma, which is formed as a result of hemorrhage into the joint. Hematoma after a leg injury should be treated with a cold compress, pressure bandage and painkillers. After 2-3 days, physiotherapy procedures are recommended. If the hematoma is large, then you need to see a doctor for evacuation liquid blood by puncture. In some cases, the hematoma is opened, the bleeding vessel is ligated and a vascular suture is applied.

If a sharp pains do not pass, then this may indicate a serious injury (dislocation or rupture of the ligament). We recommend that you consult a doctor for an accurate diagnosis.

Do not rub the bruised area, this can provoke thrombophlebitis - a complication characterized by blockage of veins by blood clots.

First aid for leg injury

Many of us have suffered severe leg injuries. What to do in such a situation? Perform a first aid:

• Plant the injured person, ensuring complete rest of the wounded limb. It is recommended to give her an elevated position, laying on a pillow;
• Carry out disinfectant treatment in the presence of wounds, abrasions;
• Apply a non-pressure bandage;
• Apply a cold compress (ice pack, cold water bottle) for 15-20 minutes, repeat after 30-40 minutes;
• Help with a severe leg injury also consists in taking an anesthetic (Ibuprofen, Aspirin, Analgin).

After doing all of the above primary signs should decrease, otherwise you need to deliver the victim to the emergency room. For 1-2 days, do not apply heat to the lower limb and do not rub it. Limit all physical activity.

Leg injury: treatment at home

What to do with a severe leg injury after first aid? Treatment of bruises in the first three days should consist of cold compresses. After 1-2 days, you need to start the impact warm compresses, take hot baths, make lotions. These measures will help to resolve the hematoma faster and prevent unwanted consequences.

With such an ailment as a bruised leg, treatment with ointments can be carried out with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Have a significant effect on foot bruising ointments and gels Voltaren emulgel, Ibuprofen ointment, Heparin gel, Proxevasin. Before use, be sure to read the instructions, as a rule, they need to be used 2-4 times a day, applying to the entire surface of the injury.

More questions arise if a person has a severe leg injury. How to treat in this case, a qualified doctor can suggest. He must prescribe physiotherapy sessions (UHF, electrophoresis). Do not load the injured lower limb for a week. Then gradually start it gently and gradually knead.

Surgical intervention is justified in case of sprains, damage to nerve endings, festering bruising or the formation of intra-articular hemorrhage.

A bruised leg in most cases is accompanied by swelling or edema. They do not pose a threat to health, this is a normal reaction of the body to a bruise of the soft tissues of the leg. How to remove a tumor with a bruised leg? Use Lioton gel, Troxevasin ointment to improve peripheral circulation. Also, ointments that disperse blood in a damaged area are excellent tool for the treatment of leg hematoma at the site of injury. On the final stages treatment of leg bruises with swelling, we recommend using warm lotions and foot baths. They help restore blood circulation.

Treatment of leg injury in children has the only addition to the above methods. We recommend doing various physiotherapy procedures for children to treat a leg injury. It can be UHF or electrophoresis.

Treatment of leg bruises with folk remedies

If you get a bruised leg, home treatment can be carried out with folk remedies. We will tell you about folk remedies proven over the years for the treatment of a bruised leg:

• If the leg is swollen due to injury, use folk remedy proven over the years. Moisten gauze with vodka or alcohol, apply to the damaged area, cover with a towel on top, leave for 15-30 minutes;
• A popular folk remedy for the treatment of a bruised leg is a compress of onions. Grate a large onion on a fine grater, wrap in gauze and apply to the injured area for 2-3 hours. Repeat morning and evening;
• Treat leg bruises at home with vinegar. To do this, mix 0.5 liters of vinegar (6%) and 2 heads of garlic (finely chopped). Rub the resulting composition into the site of injury;
• If aloe grows at home, then pick one leaf, cut it and apply it to the affected lower limb in the first 2-3 days after injury;
• Divide the floor of the pack rock salt in 10 l hot water. Lower the bruised leg into it, leave for 40-60 minutes.