Classification of essential oils by chemical composition. Compatibility of essential oils: synergy, complementarity, inhibition. Signs of aromatic compatibility

thyme officinalis essential oil

Classification of essential oils

Terpenes are hydrocarbons that have general formula(С5Н8) n, and their oxygen-containing derivatives are called terpenoids. Terpenes and terpenoids belong to different classes of natural compounds, however, the structure of all these compounds is based on isoprene. Therefore, we came to the conclusion that the most suitable classification is based on the main valuable components that are carriers of the smell of this essential oil. According to this principle, essential oil raw materials and their essential oils can be divided into groups containing:

• 1. acyclic monoterpenes
• 2. monocyclic monoterpenes
• 3. bicyclic monoterpenes
• 4. sesquiterpenes
• 1. Acyclic or Aliphatic monoterpenes - the simplest of the monoterpenoids, they can be considered as unsaturated fatty compounds with three double bonds.

They are the main, most valuable part of the essential oil of plants such as hops (myrcene), rose, geranium, eucalyptus (geraniol), lavender, jasmine, citrus fruits (citronellol). Essential oils have a subtle pleasant smell and are used in perfumery. The most common oxygen derivatives of aliphatic terpenes are: from alcohols - geraniol, linalool, and from aldehydes - citral.

Geraniol linalool citral

1. Monocyclic monoterpenes

menthan menthol menthon

Of the hydrocarbons in essential oils, the most common are limonene (turpentine, cumin oil, dill oil), phellandrene, terpinene, and of oxygen-containing ones: alcohols - terpineol, menthol, ketones - menthon, carvone, oxides - cineol.

terpinene type:

terpinene terpineol b-phellandrene c-phellandrene

limonene type:

limonene carvone

2. Bicyclic monoterpenes

Bicyclic monoterpenes are compounds with two fused non-aromatic rings and one ethylene bond.

Camphor -- main component essential oils of camphor laurel, camphor basil, some types of wormwood, etc. Borneol is usually found in the form of esters with acetic (fir), isovaleric (valerian) and other acids. Pinene is the main component of turpentine (pine), which has wide application in medicine. Pinene is used in organic synthesis and engineering. Thujone and thuyol are contained in the essential oil of wormwood, common tansy, sage officinalis, arborvitae and other plants.

Pinene type Sabinene type b - pinene c- pinene sabinene b - thuyene

Camphene type Karen type

camphene fenchen -3-karen 4-karen

Oxygen derivatives of bicyclic terpenes are very diverse. From alcohols are very common: thujol, sabinol, borneol, myrtenol, from ketones - camphor, fenchon, thujone.

Thujone thujol sabinol

Camphor borneol fenchon

Thymol is found in the essential oil of azhgon, thyme, thyme, oregano and other plants. Anethole is the main component of the essential oil of anise fruits, fennel. Eugenol is found in the essential oils of clove, eugenol basil, and eugenol camellia.

thymol anethol eugenol

3. Sesquiterpenes

Sesquiterpenes found in essential oils, like monoterpenes, can be acyclic or cyclic. Acyclic sesquiterpenes are unsaturated fatty compounds with 4 double bonds. The precursor of acyclic sesquiterpenes is geranyl pyrophosphate.

monocyclic sesquiterpenes. The precursors of cyclic sesquiterpenes are acyclic sesquiterpenes - the hydrocarbon farnesene and its oxygen derivatives - farnesol, nerolidol. Farnesol is part of the linden essential oil

Bicyclic sesquiterpenes:

• 1) Betulenol type (found in birch leaf essential oil)
• 2) Type of akoran (with the formation of 5 and 6-membered rings) Derivatives of akoran are contained in the essential oil of calamus. akoran akoron

Tricyclic sesquiterpenes

Compounds with 3 fused rings without ethylene bonds. Aromadendren (found in the essential oil of eucalyptus), ledol is isolated from the essential oil of wild rosemary. aromadendren ledol

physical properties. Essential oils are colorless or yellowish clear liquids, less often - dark brown (cinnamon oil), red (thyme oil), green from the presence of chlorophyll (bergamot oil) or blue, greenish-blue from the presence of azulene (oil of chamomile, yarrow, wormwood and citrus). The smell of oils is characteristic, fragrant. The taste is spicy, sharp, burning.

Most of essential oils It has relative density less than one, some (cinnamon, clove) are heavier than water. Essential oils are almost insoluble in water, but when shaken with water they form emulsions, the water acquires their smell and taste; almost all oils are soluble in alcohol, in fatty oils, in mineral oils ( Vaseline oil) and mixed in all proportions with chloroform, petroleum ether. The Sudan III reagent turns the oil orange.

The boiling point of essential oils is from 40 0C, and the monoterpene fraction boils at 150-190 0C, the sesquiterpene fraction at 230-300 0C. Essential oils are optically active. The reaction of oils is neutral or slightly acidic. Essential oils are distilled with water vapor, and monoterpenes are distilled well, sesquiterpenes - worse. When essential oils are cooled, some components crystallize (menthol, thymol, camphor). The solid part of the essential oil is called stearopten, the liquid part is called eleopten.

Chemical properties. Essential oils are complex mixtures of various organic compounds, among which the main group consists of substances with an isoprene structure. There are monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, less often - aromatic and aliphatic compounds. Terpenoids contained in essential oils are represented by aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, phonols, ethers, lactones, acids and other compounds. Components of essential oils easily enter into reactions of oxidation, isomerization, polymerization.

Easily subject to double bonds hydrogenation, hydration, halogenation, attach halogens, oxygen, sulfur. They give reactions characteristic of the incoming functional groups.

When stored in the light in the presence of atmospheric oxygen, essential oils oxidize, change color (darken) and smell. Some essential oils thicken after distillation or storage.

Aromatherapy - introduction, precautions 2

Aroma classifications

By families4

By physiological effect5

According to energy properties6

By zodiac sign8

According to the composition of plant raw materials9

According to Ayurveda10

Ways to use essential oils12

Protective properties of essential oils19

Incense, their types21

Traditional Indian and Tibetan incense23

Aromas in Chinese and Japanese horoscopes31

Aromas and energetic strengthening of the work of all chakras32

aromatherapy - the oldest branch of medicine, which provides treatment with natural essential oils. But the term itself appeared only in 1904 in France in the laboratory of the chemist Rene Maris Gatnonfos after successful treatment burn with lavender essential oil.

In fact, speaking of aromatherapy, one must understand that no one here heals anyone. Essential oils are simply included in tissue cells defense mechanisms that are genetically embedded in them.

The plant world on Earth appeared long before man, so plants have a deeper gene memory than human body. Penetrating into the cell, essential oils, as it were, "remind" it how to work correctly, as a result, the body's own defense system is turned on. And the possibilities of the body in terms of self-healing are enormous. However, in addition to the unique effect of essential oils on the human body, the effect of aromas on the human body is no less unique. energy level. There are many fragrances that, individually or in combination, can not only heal the soul, but in literally to revive a person, to awaken a dormant potential, to help to feel oneself an integral part of the universe, to gain a connection with the primary source.

If you decide to dive into mysterious world aromatherapy, you should first learn a few rules for using essential oils in order to avoid unpleasant surprises:

Before using essential oils, you need to learn some rules. When taking a new essential oil, observe the following measures precautions:
* Do not apply undiluted oil to the skin and mucous membranes (except for tea tree oil with manuka!)
* Do not use oil in dosages exceeding the allowable!
Start using oils with minimal doses, perhaps they will be sufficient for you, since all people have different sensitivity to aromas.
* Check if you are allergic to any oil! To do this, apply 1 drop of oil on the elbow and see if there are any allergic reactions on the skin - swelling, swelling, in addition to the usual redness and slight burning sensation.
Smell Allergy Test - Apply 1 drop of oil to a handkerchief and hold it up to your nose throughout the day. Signs of an allergic reaction - runny nose, watery eyes, sneezing.
* When taking aromatic baths, the first 2 sessions should not last more than 5 minutes. In aroma lamps, the first 2 sessions - no more than 20 minutes.
If you feel good after the bath, the time can be gradually increased.
* During pregnancy and epilepsy, it is recommended to use essential oils in limited quantity and under medical supervision! Their concentration should be 2 times less than usual!
* For heart disease bronchial asthma and asthmatic states of the oil should be used only after consulting a doctor.
* Store oils tightly closed in a dark place out of the reach of children.
* Internal use of essential oils is recommended only after consulting a doctor!
* The course of aromatherapy should not exceed 3 weeks.
* Keep oils tightly closed in a dark place out of the reach of children!

There are also some features of the use of essential oils for children:

Essential oils can also be used in children (massage, baths, inhalations, etc.) strict observance dosages and rules of use, taking into account contraindications. Before carrying out the procedures, be sure to check the child for sensitivity to aromatic oil!
- Babies up to 12 months are recommended safe essential oils of lavender, tea tree. Massages or baths require only 1 drop of oil diluted in 1 tablespoon of base oil.
- For children from 1 to 5 years old, 2-3 drops of non-toxic and non-toxic irritating skin aromatic oils of lavender, orange, tea tree 1 tbsp. a spoonful of essential oil.
- Children from 6 to 12 years old can use the same aroma oils, as for adults, but their concentration should be 2 times less.
- Adolescents over 12 years old can use the same essential oils as adults in the same doses.
Children under 12 internal application essential oils are contraindicated!

There are many classifications of fragrances, for example:

Classification of fragrances by families

Chypre The fragrances in this family are sage, lavender, oakmoss, patchouli and resin.
Citrus These scents include lemon, mandarin, grapefruit, and bergamot.
Floral The scents in this family include violet, carnation, rose, gardenia, lily, tuberose, and narcissus.

Floral oriental Aromas of this family - jasmine, gardenia, mandarin, freesia; base notes of sandalwood, musk, amber, and apricot. Basically, the floral-oriental type is a subcategory of the floral family and is broad enough to give it precise definition.
Wine glass This family consists of oakmoss, lavender and geranium fragrances.
fruity Flavors in this family include apple, apricot, mandarin, bergamot, neroli, pineapple, and papaya.
Greens Scents in this family include rosemary, lavender, pine, juniper, hyacinth, and galbanum. It is the smell of green leaves and freshly cut grass mixed with autumn breezes.
Aldehyde The aromas of this family are synthesized from aldehydes, pure chemical compounds, which provides a wide variety of nuances in the aromas of this family.
Oriental The fragrances in this family are amber, vanilla, wood and resins.
Marine The fragrances in this family are all synthetic fragrances, reminding us of things that can't fit in a bottle: the spray of the waves, the air in the mountains, the elements of nature.
Spicy Aromas in this family include ginger, cinnamon and cardamom, as well as flowers that have spicy notes such as clove and lavender.

Amber This family includes lavender oils and lavender plants that grow in the south of France.
Leather Juniper oil, birch bark extract in the form of resin.

woodyThis family consists of sandalwood, rosebush, cedarwood, vetiver, and also contains a subfamily of marine (oceanic, ozone) woody fragrances: myrtle, musk and blue iris.

Classification of essential oils according to their physiological effects.

Acclimatizing

Lavender, Melissa, Mint

Analgesics

Basil, clove, lavender, lemon, mint, rosemary, tea tree, eucalyptus

Anthelmintic

Anise, Bergamot, Clove, Geranium, Lemon, Wormwood, Rose, Dill, Fennel, Thyme

Antidepressants

Orange, Bergamot, Geranium, Jasmine, Ylang Ylang, Melissa, Patchouli, Rose, Sage

Antiseptics

Basil, Bergamot, Oregano, Lavender, Lemon, Juniper, Pine, Thyme, Eucalyptus

Hypertensive

thyme, sage

Hypotensive (lower blood pressure)

Clove, Geranium, Ylang Ylang, Lavender, Lemon, Juniper, Neroli, Fennel

Disinfecting rooms

Carnation, oregano, lavender, juniper, pine, thyme, tea tree, sage

Disinfecting wounds

Carnation, lavender, thyme, tea tree, sage

Deodorants

Geranium, cypress, coriander, rose, pine, tea tree, sage

Immunostimulants

Anise, Basil, Bergamot, Clove, Ylang Ylang, Cypress, Lavender, Lemon, Fir, Pine

Hemostatic

Oregano, cypress, lemon

Blood circulation normalizing coronary

Anise, geranium, jasmine, ylang-ylang, lavender, marjoram, lemon balm, mint, neroli, rose

Blood circulation normalizing peripheral

Lemon, myrtle, lemon balm, rosemary

Metabolism normalizing

Orange, Geranium, Grapefruit, Ylang Ylang, Cypress, Lemon, Mandarin, Rosemary, Sage

Liver tonic

Chamomile, cardamom, lemon, menthol, rose

Anti-inflammatory

Geranium, lavender, lemon balm, mint, rose, tea tree, sage, eucalyptus

Decongestants

Lavender, naioli, rosemary, fir, eucalyptus

Anticonvulsants

carnation, juniper, nutmeg

Wound healing

Lavender, rose, rosemary, sage, eucalyptus

Spasmolytics

Basil, clove, cypress, lemon, mint, rosemary

Stimulating digestion

Anise, basil, marjoram, juniper, dill, fennel

Stimulating potency

Orange, Clove, Jasmine, Ylang Ylang, Muscat, Patchouli, Petit Grain, Sandalwood, Pine

Stimulating mental and physical activity

Orange, Bergamot, Clove, Lavender, Lemon, Mint, Fir

Strengthening the cardiovascular system

Geranium, ylang-ylang, lavender, mint, neroli, rosemary

Strengthening the vegetative nervous system

Basil, geranium, lemon, mint, petit grain, rosemary

soothing

Anise, oregano, lavender, neroli, sandalwood

However, it has been proven that not only physical, but also mental ailments are treated with aromatherapy. Essential oils have a positive effect on the emotional well-being of a person, contribute to the harmonization of the so-called " energy body". No wonder aromatherapy is widely used in oriental medicine, where mental health people receive special attention.

Classification of essential oils according to energy properties.

Protection from energy vampirism, malevolence, as well as restoration of the human field body after negative impact other people, increased immunity

Carnation, Jasmine, Hyssop, Cypress, Frankincense, Lemon, Melissa, Juniper, Rose, Rosemary, Pine, Yarrow, Tea Tree, Sage

Energetic saturation and revival of the field body thinned due to overwork, constant dissatisfaction with oneself; return of interest in life

Orange, Basil, Geranium, Hyssop, Coriander, Cinnamon, Lavender, Laurel, Frankincense, Lemon, Marjoram, Juniper, Mint, Neroli, Rose, Pine, Thyme

Field body recovery after stressful situations grief, mourning the loss of a loved one

Orange, bergamot, bay, geranium, coriander, lavender, lemon, marjoram, neroli, rose, sage, eucalyptus

Stimulation of the flow of energy to the field body when it is depleted due to serious illnesses, injuries

Orange, clove, cedar, tangerine, mint, pine, thuja, eucalyptus

Creation favorable conditions for achievement positive results and success in overcoming career challenges

Geranium, grapefruit, lavender, lemon, lemon balm, nutmeg, chamomile, pine, thuja

Enrichment with the positive energy of the field body to achieve harmony between a person and the world around him

Ylang Ylang, Frankincense, Lemon, Leuzea, Myrtle, Rose, Sandalwood

Help in analyzing your actions, in correcting actions that offend, harm others; transformation of the unproductive energy of irritability, anger into the energy of tolerance, self-improvement

Verbena, clove, geranium, oregano, jasmine, cedar, lavender, frankincense, mandarin, myrrh, rosemary, sandalwood, thyme, sage

Assistance in improving spirituality, increasing sociability, intelligence

Orange, Jasmine, Ylang Ylang, Hyssop, Cypress, Lemon, Mandarin, Myrtle, Juniper, Neroli, Patchouli, Rose

Making high harmonious relations between a man and a woman, the opening of a light bright breath in love

Bergamot, Jasmine, Ylang Ylang, Hyssop, Cinnamon, Lemon, Myrrh, Neroli, Patchouli, Rose, Sandalwood, Thuja

Assistance in establishing mutual understanding between spouses, children, relatives; creating warmth and comfort in the house

Orange, Vanilla, Grapefruit, Hyssop, Cypress, Frankincense, Lemon, Mandarin, Myrrh, Nutmeg, Mint, Rose

Plus, there is a practice of creating so-called "fragrant talismans" with a certain aroma, depending on the sign of the Zodiac. There is even such a fairly young science - aromaastrology.

Classification of essential oils depending on the sign of the zodiac.

Aries (March 21 - April 20)

Rosemary, Juniper, Lemon, Patchouli, Coriander, Geranium

Taurus (April 21 - May 20)

Bergamot, rosemary, neroli, lemon, patchouli, jasmine

Gemini (21.05 - 21.06)

Eucalyptus, Geranium, Lavender, Orange, Neroli, Rose, Rosemary, Cinnamon, Ylang Ylang, Jasmine

Cancer (06/22 - 07/22)

Jasmine, Bergamot, Lavender, Lemon, Neroli, Orange, Rosemary, Ylang Ylang, Juniper

Leo (23.07 - 23.08)

Frankincense, Lemongrass, Orange, Patchouli, Rose, Rosemary, Juniper

Virgo (24.08 - 23.09)

Eucalyptus, Geranium, Orange, Neroli, Cinnamon, Ylang Ylang

Libra (24.09 - 23.10)

Rose, lavender, mint, cinnamon, ylang-ylang, geranium, eucalyptus

Scorpio (24.10 - 22.11)

Patchouli, Jasmine, Lemon, Rosemary, Cinnamon, Ylang Ylang

Sagittarius (23.11 - 21.12)

Lavender, Lemon, Almond, Neroli, Patchouli, Rose, Rosemary, Cinnamon

Kozeorg (December 22 - January 20)

Bergamot, lavender, carnation, eucalyptus, juniper, rose, cinnamon

Aquarius (21.01 - 20.02)

Rose, Bergamot, Lemon, Orange, Eucalyptus, Ylang Ylang

Pisces (21.02 - 20.03)

Orange, Bergamot, Lavender, Eucalyptus, Lemon, Neroli, Rosemary, Jasmine, Juniper

There are also other classifications of essential oils depending on the composition of plant materials. In turn, all essential oils can be conditionally divided into light, medium and heavy, depending on the degree of volatility.

• Light: Evaporate within 20-30 minutes.
• Medium: do not fade within 30-90 minutes.
• Heavy: do not fade within 2-3 hours, and some up to 5-6 hours.

Oil group

Light aromatic oils

Medium aromatic oils

Heavy aromatic oils

Floral

Verbena (lemon)

Geranium
Oregano
Hyssop
Lavender
Lavandin
Melissa
Chamomile

Jasmine
Neroli
Rose

Citrus

Orange
Bergamot
Grapefruit
Lime
Lemon
Lemongrass (lemongrass)
Mandarin
Petitgrain
Citronella

Herbs

Basil
Clary sage
Spearmint (closer to medium)
Peppermint (closer to medium)

Marjoram
Carrot
Rosemary
Thyme (thyme)
Dill
Fennel

Trees

kayaput
Nauli
petitgrain
Pine (closer to medium)
thuja eucalyptus
Tea tree

Spruce
Cypress
Myrtle
Juniper

Cedar
The Red tree
Pink tree

Spices

Anise (closer to medium)
Cardamom
Coriander
laurel
Black pepper

Carnation (closer to heavy)
Nutmeg (closer to heavy)

Ginger
Cinnamon

Resin

Fir
Myrtle

Benzoin
Incense
Mirr

exotic

Verbena (exotic)

palmarosa

Ylang Ylang
Patchouli
sandalwood

Energy properties of essential oils according to Ayurvedic classification

WARMING AND COOLING OILS

Each essential oil, depending on its chemical composition, has on the body either warming or cooling effect. Essential oils can be arranged on a vertical scale with the coldest oils at the top and the hottest oils at the bottom. For each oil on such a scale there will definitely be a place corresponding to its properties.

Chamomile essential oil is cold, lavender oil is neutral, and thyme oil is hot. Try taking a bath with chamomile and peppermint and you will feel the powerful cooling effect they have. Oils in the middle of our scale - neutral oils like lavender - are called "stabilizers": if you have fever, they will help reduce the fever, and if you are very cold, you can warm up by adding a little lavender to the massage oil and rubbing your body. lavender oil appropriate at any time of the year. Stabilizer oils invariably return us to a neutral state, restoring normal functions organism. Try rubbing a drop of thyme or clove oil on your forearm and you'll feel warm in 15 minutes. This scale is directly related to the Eastern doctrine of yin and yang: yin energy corresponds to cold, and yang to heat.

The heat/cold scale agrees well with western chemistry data. Essential oils at the top of this scale have a negative electrical charge: the atoms that make up them have extra electrons, which is why they draw heat from the body. And essential oils, located at the bottom of the scale, have a positive electrical charge. The atoms that make them lack electrons in outer orbitals, and the resulting active capture of electrons leads to an increase in body temperature.

In addition, this scale correlates with the spectrum sunlight : red is placed at the bottom, orange and yellow are placed above, green color corresponds to neutral oils, and blue and blue - cold. The color of many essential oils matches the corresponding color on the scale. Thus, oils of oregano, thyme and savory, located at the bottom of the scale, have an intense red color. lemon oil- yellow. Neutral oils of lavender, navel and clary sage have greenish tint, and cold chamomile oil is a rich dark blue color. Thus, all essential oils can be divided into three categories: red (hot, yang, positive), neutral and blue (cold, yin, negative).

DRYING AND MOISTURIZING OILS

The second pair of signs by which Ayurveda classifies essential oils is dry/wet steam. Wet oils have high electrical polarity and mix well with water. If you pour such oil into the bath, it will disperse evenly in the water. This quality - affinity for water - is also called hydrophilicity ("love for water"). Oils with low electrical polarity are not miscible with water. They float on the surface of the water, covering it with a thin film. These oils have an affinity for vegetable oils and animal fats and mix well with them. This quality is called lipophilicity (“love for fats”). All essential oils can be distributed on a horizontal scale, on the left side of which wet oils will be placed, and on the right - dry ones. Wet essential oils include, in particular, geranium and rose oils, which have a high alcohol content, and dry, “fat-loving” oils include citrus and pine oil rich in terpenes. Neutral on this scale, as well as on the previous one, are oils of lavender, clary sage, navel, basil, anise and tarragon.

Thus, we have the opportunity combine two scales- horizontal andvertical - and build a pie chart that will help us determine the predominant energy of a particular oil. Hot and moist oils will fall into the lower left quarter of the circle, corresponding to pitta - hot and moist dosha, consisting from the elements of fire and water. Cold and wet oils will fall into the upper left quarter, corresponding to kapha - cold and wet dosha. Cold and dry oils will end up in the upper right quadrant corresponding to Vata, the cold and dry dosha. By distributing the essential oils in this pie chart, we better understand their energetic qualities and we will be able to find out which of the three doshas this or that oil stimulates.

essential oils the widest range applications, and any procedure using them is a full-fledged aromatherapy session.

Inhalations

Cold inhalation - direct inhalation of the aroma of essential oil, without a thermal procedure. Inhale should be calm, deep, even. The procedure time is 5-10 minutes. More often, such procedures are carried out to aromatize the room, to cleanse the room, to create Have a good mood, to restore strength ... Cold inhalations can be carried out using:

Aroma burners, or aroma lamps - poured into the aroma warm water, 3-7 drops of essential oil are added to it, after which a candle is lit under the aroma. There is a gradual saturation of the air with aroma. The duration of the procedure is approximately 1-3 hours. The distance to the heat source should be at least 10 cm, the water should not be warmer than 50–600C (the water should not boil, otherwise the effect of aroma substances changes). The number of drops depends on the size of the room. It is better to wash the aroma burner with soap, then rinse with water and vinegar.

Aromatic terracotta medallions (finely porous clay), which long time hold the fragrance, or direct inhalation of air from the bottle - carefully, gently bringing the bottle to the nose so as not to burn the nasal mucosa.

aroma stones- essential oil is applied to a finely porous stone

Humidifiers - special atomizers and air fresheners (preparation of a solution for moisturizing and air freshening: 10 drops of essential oil per 50 ml of water, shake well).

• stimulating mixtures: essential oils of verbena 2 drops, lavender, cloves, rosemary 1 drop each
• cleansing mixtures: essential oils of lavender 4 drops, lemon 2 drops, sage, geranium 1 drop each
• relaxing and soothing blends: essential oils of chamomile 2 drops, lemon balm 2 drops, basil, bigardia, lavender 1 drop each or essential oils of rose 2 drops, orange 2 drops, cedar, sandalwood, lemon balm 1 drop
• refreshing blends: essential oil of lavender 12 drops, lemongrass 8 drops, geranium 8 drops, lemon 4 drops

Smelling salt is placed in a container with a fairly wide neck with a cork (a beautiful bottle) and used as needed. Coarse salt is used as a carrier in smelling salts, and flint sand with microelements is used as an adsorbent.

How to prepare salt: Pour table salt and adsorbent into a bowl and add a mixture of essential oils there. Mix everything thoroughly so that the carrier evenly absorbs the essential oils. Pour the resulting salt into a bottle and close.

• 1 teaspoon coarse table salt, 1 teaspoon of adsorbent, a mixture of essential oils of lemon balm 2 drops, lavender 2 drop, chamomile 1 drop (calming effect)
• 2 teaspoons of coarse salt, ½ teaspoon of adsorbent, a mixture of essential oils of nutmeg 5 drops, sage 2 drops (normalizes blood circulation)

Scented pillows will help to fill the room pleasant aroma. Such pillows can be hung in the bedroom, can be placed in the interior of a car or in a linen closet to give linen pleasant smell and from insects.

Making aroma pillows: sew beautiful pillows of any shape and size, fill them with dried chopped grass, sew them up. To enhance the aroma, add essential oils of lavender, rosemary, sage, rose, jasmine to the herb, to choose from.

• refreshing pillow: lavender flowers and herb, rose petals, sage herb, 4 drops of lavender essential oil and 1 drop of rose petals essential oil
• pillow that purifies the air and scares mosquitoes: spicy cloves, dried lavender, rose petals, essential oils of clove 3 drops, lavender 2 drops, lemongrass 1 drop
• pillow with a refreshing and firming effect: rosemary herb, sage herb, thyme herb, lemon balm herb, lavender flowers, essential oils of rosemary 3 drops, lemon balm 2 drops, lavender 2 drops, sage, thyme 1 drop each
• pillow for children's room, has a calming effect: rose petals, sage herb, dill seeds, lavender flowers, chamomile flowers, chamomile essential oils, lemon balm 2 drops, sage 1 drop

Dry flowers and herbs perfectly absorb the essential oil and gradually evaporate it, flavoring the room well. Place a bouquet of dried flowers and herbs in a narrow-headed vase, drip essential oil into the vase. Dry plants, absorbing the essential oil, will spread its aroma. To prolong its effect, cover the neck of the vase with wax.

Hot inhalations - direct inhalation of the aroma of essential oil, with a thermal procedure. More often, such procedures are carried out with medical and health purpose- in case of diseases of the upper respiratory tract, with a cold.

Inhalation of warm vapors - pour into a bowl hot water, in advance to prepare a mixture of essential oils. Cover the head and bare shoulders with a towel, and already under the towel add 3-5 drops of essential oil. Add essential oil gradually as needed. Breathe slowly and deeply, through your nose if possible. The procedure takes 15-20 minutes to warm up. It is better to keep your eyes closed during inhalation. After the procedure, wipe the face and chest dry terry towel and relax. You can carry out inhalations 1-2 times a day.

“Home Beach” - pick up small pebbles, rinse, dry well in the oven. Before the procedure, calcine the stones in the oven, then carefully pour them into a specially prepared box or bowl. Let it cool down a little (to a temperature of 600C) and drip essential oil onto the stones. Then you can sit nearby, cover yourself with a large towel and inhale the aroma. It is good to combine this procedure with massage - to walk barefoot on the pebbles, rub them between the palms. Remember, there are correspondence points on the hands and feet. internal organs and systems. By doing such a massage, we actively include them in the work. This procedure is especially useful and convenient for children.

Aroma substances, due to their high penetrating ability, are quickly absorbed by the skin and have a therapeutic and prophylactic effect. Essential oils enter the bloodstream, lymph flow, affect the skin receptors, biologically active points and zones and affect the organs and systems of the whole body. Water prepares the skin and the whole body for the active perception of aromatic substances. Aroma baths help to relax, unwind, cleanse the skin, and in addition, it has a powerful effect on the lungs, intestines, kidneys, hormonal and nervous system.

To be continued

FLOWER ESSENTIAL OILS:

LAVENDER- almost all EOs, especially floral, citrus, herbal.

GERMAN CHAMOMILE- floral, citrus, herbal EO, also - patchouli, petitgrain, benzoin.

ROMAN CHAMOMILE- floral, herbal, also - bergamot, incense, verbena, nutmeg.

GERANIUM- bergamot, lavender, rosemary, black pepper, rose, neroli, pink tree, juniper, lemon, patchouli, jasmine, orange.

Ylang Ylang- floral and citrus EOs, also verbena, nutmeg, rosewood, patchouli, vetiver, sandalwood.

ROSE FLOWER- floral, bergamot, clary sage, sandalwood, rosewood, lemon balm, frankincense, palmarosa, patchouli, myrrh, benzoin.

NEROLI- many EOs, especially lavender, lemon balm, jasmine, frankincense and bergamot.

JASMINE- citrus, clary sage, rose, sandalwood, rosewood, frankincense, neroli, cypress, verbena and lemon balm.

VIOLET- floral, also lemon, bergamot, cumin, basil and clary sage.

HERBAL EM

MARJORAM- many em, as well as - lavender, bergamot, cypress, chamomile, juniper and eucalyptus.

ROSEMARY- most spices, as well as lavender, bergamot, basil, frankincense, juniper, pine, verbena, lemon balm, cedar and petitgrain.

clary sage- citrus, lavender, coriander, cardamom, frankincense, jasmine, pine, geranium, cedar, palmarosa.

MELISSA- floral and citrus fruits, especially lavender, rose, geranium, myrtle.

BASIL- many herbal em, lavender, geranium, bergamot, lime, lmmon, frankincense, pine.

THYME- herbal, lavender, bergamot, lemon, pine, cypress, black pepper.

PEPPERMINT- lavender, rosemary, eucalyptus, lemon.

FENNEL- geranium, lavender, black pepper, rosemary, sandalwood, verbena, lemon.

HYSSOP (HYSSOP)- many herbal and citrus fruits, lavender, myrtle, bay, geranium.

VERBENA- herbs and citruses, neroli, palmarosa, frankincense, jasmine, juniper, cedar, myrtle, geranium.

RESINS AND ROOTS

ANGELIC ROOT- citrus fruits, neroli, patchouli, frankincense, clary sage, vetiver, tsotsna, juniper.

INCENSE- floral, woody, citrus, spicy, patchouli, clary sage, rosemary, basil, vetiver.

MYRRH- other resins, patchouli, rose, sandalwood, thyme, geranium, mandarin, lavender, juniper, cypress, pine.

BENZOIN- other resins, most spicy, rose, sandalwood, jasmine, cypress, juniper, lemon, pine.

CITRUS

BERGAMOT- other citrus, floral, cypress, sandalwood, juniper, coriander, black pepper, ginger, clary sage, rosemary, frankincense.

SWEET ORANGE- other citrus fruits, spicy, sandalwood, neroli, clary sage, myrrh, geranium, palmarosa, frankincense.

MANDARIN, TANGERINE- other citrus, spicy, neroli, lavender, sandalwood, petitgrain, lemon balm, ylang-ylang, juniper, geranium, rosewood, cypress.

LEMON- other citrus, floral and many other em.

GRAPEFRUIT- other citrus, spicy, palmarosa, neroli, rosemary, cypress, juniper, lavender, jasmine, ylang-ylang.

LIME- citrus, neroli, lavender, geranium, ylang-ylang, rosemary, cypress, rosewood.

WOOD

SANDAL- floral, resins, rosewood, carnation, black pepper, cypress, vetiver, patchouli, bergamot.

CEDAR ALTAI- woody, jasmine, black pepper, incense, vetiver, patchouli, rosemary, bergamot.

CEDAR (VARGINIA)- woody, rose, vetiver, patchouli, benzoin.

PETITGRAIN- floral, citrus, rosemary, clary sage, black pepper, benzoin, patchouli, palmarosa, cloves.

PINK TREE- many EMs.

Juniper- woody, citrus, frankincense, clary sage, lavender, geranium, rose, benzoin.

CYPRESS- woody, citrus, frankincense, clary sage, lavender, cardamom, marjoram, geranium, neroli, black pepper, benzoin.

EUCALYPTUS LEMON (Eucalyptus citriodora)- floral, citrus, some spicy.

EUCALYPTUS (Eucalyptus globulus, Eucalyptus radiata, Eucalyptus smithi, i t.d.)- woody, herbal, lavender, lemon.

PINE NEEDLE- woody, herbal, lavender, lemon.

SPICES (SPICY)

GINGER- citrus, neroli, geranium, ylang-ylang, rose, frankincense, sandalwood, vetiver, patchouli, rosewood.

BLACK PEPPER- other spices, floral, frankincense, sandalwood, marjoram, rosemary.

CARNATION- citrus, floral, clary sage, bay, lemongrass, sandalwood.

CORIANDER- other spices, citrus, frankincense, sandalwood, clary sage, jasmine, neroli, petitgrain, cypress, pine, lemon balm.

CARDAMOM- other spices, citrus, floral, frankincense, sandalwood, vetiver, patchouli, cedar, rosewood.

CINNAMON- frankincense, myrrh, orange, mandarin, benzoin, ylang-ylang.

NUTMEG- other spices, clary sage, bay, mandarin, orange, geranium, lavender, rosemary, lime, petitgrain.

HERBS, SEEDS, SHRUBS

PALMAROSA- most em.

LEMONGRASS(lemongrass) - citrus, floral, marjoram, black pepper, rosemary, angelica root, ginger.

CARROT SEEDS- citrus fruits, spices, cedar, geranium, patchouli, palmarosa.

IMMORTELLE- citrus, floral, cloves, clary sage.

ROCK ROSE(Cistus landaniferus)- neroli, lemon, bergamot, cedar, jasmine, pine, juniper, lavender, cypress, vetiver, sandalwood, patchouli, orange, Roman chamomile, clary sage.

Vetiver- orange, marjoram, sandalwood, verbena, neroli, cardamom, rose, jasmine, lavender, ylang-ylang, geranium, patchouli, clary sage.

TEA TREE- herbal, spicy, lavender, pine, eucalyptus.

PATCHOULI- lavender, sandalwood, vetiver, cedar, rose, neroli, jasmine, ylang-ylang, lemon, bergamot, geranium, clove, myrrh, frankincense, clary sage.

NAOLI- lavender, lemon, myrtle, orange, hyssop, eucalyptus

MYRTLE- spices, lavender, neroli, lime, bergamot, lemon, hyssop, bay, rosemary, clary sage, pine, cypress.

BAY- spices, citrus fruits, lavender, rosemary, geranium, ylang-ylang, cloves.

Hello dear readers!

I suggest you begin your acquaintance with such an ancient branch of medicine as aromatherapy.

A bit of history

Herbal medicine originated in ancient times. Our ancestors, observing the animals they ate various berries, the leaves noticed that different plants have different healing effect. Some plants could get rid of the disease, others were useless, and still others could even aggravate the disease.

The experience of ancestors was passed down from generation to generation along with new discoveries and inventions. Their wisdom formed the basis of modern herbal medicine.

In the 1920s, the French chemist René Gattefosse experimented with essential oils. Having received a burn, he dipped his hand into the first vessel that came across. It was lavender essential oil. Gattefosse was surprised by the efficiency with which lavender oil coped with the burn and he continued to research essential oils.

It was Gattefosse who first coined the term "aromatherapy" in 1928.

Gattefosse's research was continued by the French doctor Jean Valnet. He also used essential oils in the treatment of burns and identified the effect of essential oils on emotional sphere person.

A little later, the French biochemist Marguerite Maury began the use of essential oils in cosmetology, while opening another application for them.

aromatherapy is a variety alternative medicine(along with homeopathy, herbal medicine, naturopathy), which uses the effect on the body of volatile aromatic substances obtained mainly from plants.

Essential oils

Store essential oils in dark glass bottles.

In our modern world more and more chemical and synthetic products are being produced for various spheres of life, sometimes causing allergic reactions and various kinds disorders. Aromatherapy is good because it is designed to help a person get rid of the influence of various chemistry with his instrument, and this is the essential oils of plants.

When using essential oils of plants, they turn on the protective mechanisms in the cells of human tissues, and penetrating into the cell, they remind it how to work.

Thus, a person turns on his own body defense system, and the possibilities of self-healing of the body, as you know, are very high.

However, don't rely on aromatherapy alone because it doesn't heal anything by itself. It is a good preventive measure and an addition to various problems. Taking active care of your health, both physical and mental, is important.

Natural essential oils are labeled English language — essential oils.

Artificially created essential oils or fragrances - Fragrances oils.

Artificially created "essential oils" have nothing to do with chemical composition with natural ones. They only share the smell.

To distinguish them, there is a rule: natural essential oils must have the botanical name of the plant from which it is derived.

Research in the field of arimatherapy continues to this day. Currently, they are shifted towards the isolation and study of individual components from the composition of essential oils.

The effect of aromatherapy on a person

Essential oils have the most various actions on the human body: soothing, restoring, stimulating, etc.

Therapeutic effect includes skin care, prevention and treatment of various internal diseases, impact on an emotional level.

There are 3 mechanisms of action of aromatherapy:

• pharmacological : essential oils interact with enzymes, hormones and cause chemical compounds;
• physiological : due to a stimulating or calming effect on the nervous system, organs or tissues of the body);
• psychological : The inhalation of the aromas of essential oils causes a conscious or unconscious reaction of the body to the smell. This leads to psychological and physiological changes in the body.

How essential oils can help:

• Increase immunity;
• get rid of fear;
• increase appetite;
• help in the treatment of influenza;
• help in the treatment of bronchitis;
• help with acute respiratory infections;
• cope with headaches;
• help with migraines;
• help with depression;
• help with atherosclerosis;
• help with cardiac disorders;
• normalize pressure;
• reduce weight;
• help with skin injuries;
• treat acne;
• help with insomnia;
• help with toxicosis;
• increase lactation.

This list is far from complete.

Only smells that are pleasant for a person, causing positive emotions, provide further action essential oils and balance the processes in the body.
Unpleasant odors, on the other hand, can worsen the condition and should be avoided.

Classification of essential oils

Exist various classifications essential oils. Let's consider some of them.

According to the degree of volatility

• Light (evaporate within 20-30 minutes). These include: eucalyptus, melissa, etc..
• medium (not verified within 30-90 minutes). These include: chamomile, marjoram, etc..
• heavy (do not disappear within 2-3 hours, and maybe 5-6 hours). These include: patchouli, ylang-ylang, cedar, rose, lavender, etc..

Botanical classification

• Myrtle;
• Lamiaceae / Lamiaceae;
• rue;
• umbrella;
• aster / Compositae;
• cereals;
• cypress;
• pine;
• and etc.

A classification found in many aromatherapy reference books

• Floral. These include: lavender, geranium, oregano, lemon balm, chamomile, jasmine, neroli, narcissus, ylang-ylang, violet, rose, tuberose, etc..;
• Citrus. These include: orange, lemon, lime, grapefruit, lemongrass, mandarin, petitgrain, citronella, bergamot, etc.;
• herbal. These include: basil, mint, fennel, rosemary, sage, oregano, marjoram, thyme, hyssop, etc.;
• woody. These include: eucalyptus, tea tree, cedar, cypress, juniper, pine, spruce, birch, cajuput, sandalwood, rosewood, etc.;
• Spicy. These include: cloves, cinnamon, ginger, cardamom, nutmeg, black pepper, coriander, laurel, etc.;
• Resins and balms. These include: frankincense, myrrh, benzoin, etc.;
• exotic. These include: verbena (exotic), palmarosa, patchouli, sandalwood, etc.

Classification of essential oils by notes (corresponding to the musical scale)

• Top notes (initial). These are the most volatile essential oils. These include: anise, basil, bergamot, lemon, sweet orange, eucalyptus, lime, tangerine, etc.;
• Middle notes (heart). Some of them stay for a while. These include: Rosewood, Geranium, Lavender, Jasmine, Rosemary, Neroli, Fennel, Ylang Ylang, Thyme, Nutmeg, Linden, Pine, etc.;
• Main notes (basic). They persist for a long time. These are rich and heavy essential oils. These include: patchouli, frankincense, sandalwood, myrrh, cypress, ginger, vanilla, vetiver, oak moss, frankincense, etc..

There are also other classifications of essential oils, for example, according to the signs of the zodiac, Ayurvedic, etc.

How to use essential oils correctly

• Never use essential oils internally;
• Avoid contact of oil with the oral mucosa;
• Do not apply oils to the area around the eyes and especially in the eyes. Attention! You can get burned. If the essential oil gets into the eyes, then it must be diluted with the base oil and it is advisable to consult a doctor.
• No need to increase the amount of oil. Instructions and recipes should be strictly followed;
• Citrus essential oils should not be used in sunny weather.

Some essential oils are light, clear, non-greasy, but some are thick.

Essential oils are insoluble in water, they are soluble only in fatty oils (almond, sunflower), as well as in alcohol.

base oils

Along with essential oils, which we will get acquainted with, there are base oils.

Essential or carrier oils are carrier oils in which essential oils are dissolved prior to use.

Base oils can be used as a skin care product instead of a day and night cream, as a mask for the face, hair, nails.

Most of these oils are obtained from nuts and seeds.

These oils are well absorbed and have therapeutic properties in their own right.

These are oils plant origin, which belong to the class of fats and in most cases are produced by cold pressing (pressing).

It is cold-pressed oils that are the best in quality.

The main oils include:

• Jojoba oil;
• almond;
• apricot;
• shea (shea);
• grape seed oil;
• peach;
• avocado;
• rosehip seed oil;
• coconut;
• wheat germ;
• cocoa;
• sesame;
• hazelnut;

FLOWER ESSENTIAL OILS:

LAVENDER- almost all EOs, especially floral, citrus, herbal.

GERMAN CHAMOMILE- floral, citrus, herbal EO, also - patchouli, petitgrain, benzoin.

ROMAN CHAMOMILE- floral, herbal, also - bergamot, incense, verbena, nutmeg.

GERANIUM- bergamot, lavender, rosemary, black pepper, rose, neroli, rosewood, juniper, lemon, patchouli, jasmine, orange.

Ylang Ylang- floral and citrus EOs, also verbena, nutmeg, rosewood, patchouli, vetiver, sandalwood.

ROSE FLOWER- floral, bergamot, clary sage, sandalwood, rosewood, lemon balm, frankincense, palmarosa, patchouli, myrrh, benzoin.

NEROLI- many EOs, especially lavender, lemon balm, jasmine, frankincense and bergamot.

JASMINE- citrus, clary sage, rose, sandalwood, rosewood, frankincense, neroli, cypress, verbena and lemon balm.

VIOLET- floral, also lemon, bergamot, cumin, basil and clary sage.

HERBAL EM

MARJORAM- many em, as well as - lavender, bergamot, cypress, chamomile, juniper and eucalyptus.

ROSEMARY- most spices, as well as lavender, bergamot, basil, frankincense, juniper, pine, verbena, lemon balm, cedar and petitgrain.

clary sage- citrus, lavender, coriander, cardamom, frankincense, jasmine, pine, geranium, cedar, palmarosa.

MELISSA- floral and citrus fruits, especially lavender, rose, geranium, myrtle.

BASIL- many herbal em, lavender, geranium, bergamot, lime, lmmon, frankincense, pine.

THYME- herbal, lavender, bergamot, lemon, pine, cypress, black pepper.

PEPPERMINT- lavender, rosemary, eucalyptus, lemon.

FENNEL- geranium, lavender, black pepper, rosemary, sandalwood, verbena, lemon.

HYSSOP (HYSSOP)- many herbal and citrus fruits, lavender, myrtle, bay, geranium.

VERBENA- herbs and citruses, neroli, palmarosa, frankincense, jasmine, juniper, cedar, myrtle, geranium.

RESINS AND ROOTS

ANGELIC ROOT- citrus fruits, neroli, patchouli, frankincense, clary sage, vetiver, tsotsna, juniper.

INCENSE- floral, woody, citrus, spicy, patchouli, clary sage, rosemary, basil, vetiver.

MYRRH- other resins, patchouli, rose, sandalwood, thyme, geranium, mandarin, lavender, juniper, cypress, pine.

BENZOIN- other resins, most spicy, rose, sandalwood, jasmine, cypress, juniper, lemon, pine.

CITRUS

BERGAMOT- other citrus, floral, cypress, sandalwood, juniper, coriander, black pepper, ginger, clary sage, rosemary, frankincense.

SWEET ORANGE- other citrus fruits, spicy, sandalwood, neroli, clary sage, myrrh, geranium, palmarosa, frankincense.

MANDARIN, TANGERINE- other citrus, spicy, neroli, lavender, sandalwood, petitgrain, lemon balm, ylang-ylang, juniper, geranium, rosewood, cypress.

LEMON- other citrus, floral and many other em.

GRAPEFRUIT- other citrus, spicy, palmarosa, neroli, rosemary, cypress, juniper, lavender, jasmine, ylang-ylang.

LIME- citrus, neroli, lavender, geranium, ylang-ylang, rosemary, cypress, rosewood.

WOOD

SANDAL- floral, resins, rosewood, carnation, black pepper, cypress, vetiver, patchouli, bergamot.

CEDAR ALTAI- woody, jasmine, black pepper, incense, vetiver, patchouli, rosemary, bergamot.

CEDAR (VARGINIA)- woody, rose, vetiver, patchouli, benzoin.

PETITGRAIN- floral, citrus, rosemary, clary sage, black pepper, benzoin, patchouli, palmarosa, cloves.

PINK TREE- many EMs.

Juniper- woody, citrus, frankincense, clary sage, lavender, geranium, rose, benzoin.

CYPRESS- woody, citrus, frankincense, clary sage, lavender, cardamom, marjoram, geranium, neroli, black pepper, benzoin.

EUCALYPTUS LEMON (Eucalyptus citriodora)- floral, citrus, some spicy.

EUCALYPTUS (Eucalyptus globulus, Eucalyptus radiata, Eucalyptus smithi, i t.d.)- woody, herbal, lavender, lemon.

PINE NEEDLE- woody, herbal, lavender, lemon.

SPICES (SPICY)

GINGER- citrus, neroli, geranium, ylang-ylang, rose, frankincense, sandalwood, vetiver, patchouli, rosewood.

BLACK PEPPER- other spices, floral, frankincense, sandalwood, marjoram, rosemary.

CARNATION- citrus, floral, clary sage, bay, lemongrass, sandalwood.

CORIANDER- other spices, citrus, frankincense, sandalwood, clary sage, jasmine, neroli, petitgrain, cypress, pine, lemon balm.

CARDAMOM- other spices, citrus, floral, frankincense, sandalwood, vetiver, patchouli, cedar, rosewood.

CINNAMON- frankincense, myrrh, orange, mandarin, benzoin, ylang-ylang.

NUTMEG- other spices, clary sage, bay, mandarin, orange, geranium, lavender, rosemary, lime, petitgrain.

HERBS, SEEDS, SHRUBS

PALMAROSA- most em.

LEMONGRASS(lemongrass) - citrus, floral, marjoram, black pepper, rosemary, angelica root, ginger.

CARROT SEEDS- citrus fruits, spices, cedar, geranium, patchouli, palmarosa.

IMMORTELLE- citrus, floral, cloves, clary sage.

ROCK ROSE(Cistus landaniferus)- neroli, lemon, bergamot, cedar, jasmine, pine, juniper, lavender, cypress, vetiver, sandalwood, patchouli, orange, Roman chamomile, clary sage.

Vetiver- orange, marjoram, sandalwood, verbena, neroli, cardamom, rose, jasmine, lavender, ylang-ylang, geranium, patchouli, clary sage.

TEA TREE- herbal, spicy, lavender, pine, eucalyptus.

PATCHOULI- lavender, sandalwood, vetiver, cedar, rose, neroli, jasmine, ylang-ylang, lemon, bergamot, geranium, clove, myrrh, frankincense, clary sage.

NAOLI- lavender, lemon, myrtle, orange, hyssop, eucalyptus

MYRTLE- spices, lavender, neroli, lime, bergamot, lemon, hyssop, bay, rosemary, clary sage, pine, cypress.

BAY- spices, citrus fruits, lavender, rosemary, geranium, ylang-ylang, cloves.