Celandine medicinal properties. Ointment for skin and joint diseases. Application in traditional medicine

Description and features of celandine

Celandine is a herbaceous plant with healing power. An unpretentious herbaceous plant that grows almost everywhere is celandine. It can be seen on the edges of forests and rocky slopes.

This annoying one is even considered by many owners of summer cottages to be malicious weeds. At the end of spring and in the summer months, such a representative of the flora, growing extremely quickly, arbitrarily fills the spaces along the fences of private houses and household plots, bringing a lot of trouble to their owners.

But do not rush to tear out, burn and throw out such a weed with irritation, because grass celandine has many valuable qualities. It is this plant that is quite capable of becoming a powerful weapon to combat the hated pests of gardens and orchards, in addition, to bring enough benefits for those who are able to study its properties and skillfully use them.

This representative The flora of the planet belongs to the poppy family by biologists, reaches half a meter in its growth, and in some cases even a meter in length, and is perennial.

As seen on photo of celandine, it has a branched straight stem, which, when broken, releases a thick liquid - milky juice, which in the air instantly transforms into a substance that has an orange-yellow hue, while having a bitter taste.

From the stem of the celandine depart green above and bluish below, large leaves, consisting of round or oval paired lobes in the amount of three to five. The upper of the lobes is three-lobed and larger than all the others. And down underground goes the light brown tap root of the plant.

In the photo, celandine flowers

Nectaries - special glands that form sugar juice - are not available in celandine, but insects are attracted by a similar flora object that has huge amount pollen.

Sometimes flowering for celandine can be all the warm months of the year, starting from sunny May and ending in August, close to autumn, famous for cool nights. And it was at this time that at the ends of the stem of the plant one can observe golden-yellow flowers of celandine, built from four small centimeter-long petals.

It should be warned: all parts of celandine, not only, but also stems with roots, contain alkaloids and others toxic substances which makes the plant poisonous.

However, at the same time, all its constituent parts, including seeds, in which fatty oils are found, are also considered valuable raw materials. And the plant itself is rightfully classified by scientists as medicinal. The reason is that the celandine is built from elements that are commonly called biologically active.

It contains vitamins, succinic, malic and citric organic acids, tannins, essential and resinous oils, and much more. But one should only properly use such wealth for the benefit of people and the benefit of their health, finding a reasonable application of celandine.

Planting and propagation of celandine

Celandine fruits have the appearance of a pod, in which shiny small black seeds ripen, having two cotyledons, which gave the name to the plant genus: dicotyledonous.

They are attractive to nimble, industrious ants, who, spending their lives in daily chores, carry seeds to long distances, unwittingly contributing to the plant's ability to spread to new territories.

In the photo, pods with celandine seeds

Summer residents and gardeners are not only fighting celandine as a malicious weed. Many of them understand that the plant is able to repel dangerous pests, so they deliberately plant it in gardens and orchards. And the poisonous capabilities of celandine are used to combat the enemies of cultural plantings, the destruction of suckers, scale insects and aphids.

When breeding celandine, it must be borne in mind that such a grass reproduces in two ways: segments of rhizomes and seeds. The latter can be used fresh.

In this case, they are planted in June or July, choosing any suitable place, observing a half-meter gap between rows and sprinkling thin layer earth. But dried seeds of two years ago are also quite suitable. They can be planted before winter or in spring in shady areas with high humidity soil.

On the picture medicinal juice celandine, which is released when the stem is broken

Cleaning care

This unassuming external conditions plant special care usually not required. Only the first time after the first shoots appear, it is better to ensure that in the initial period, when the celandine shoots are just taking effect, it is not drowned out by other, more overgrown ones.

It is necessary to weed the site, during the dry period to carry out watering and loosen the ground, until the celandine turns into a fully viable plant.

Mineral supplements for initial stage won't hurt at all. However, you can do without them, because this grass is perfectly capable of developing and growing on its own in nature.

The plant begins to bloom only a couple of years after planting, but a dense cover of its shoots is formed much earlier, since the reproduction of celandine occurs, including the renewal of buds, which are formed annually on its roots in the amount of up to three pieces.

Types of celandine

Among the varieties of this plant, which takes its place in the genus of dicots, only two species stand out. The main one is called great celandine. The grass spreads over a vast expanse of Europe, growing on the territory of Russia.

The only exceptions are the areas under the yoke of the snows of the Far North. Thickets of the described representative of the flora are a frequent occurrence in the Mediterranean. The plant has also been introduced to the north of the American continent.

It is not in vain that popular rumor dubbed the great celandine a warthog, which noted its excellent properties. healthy juice used by ancestors modern people over many centuries.

After all, it is with the help of miraculous potions made from given ingredient, they got rid of from warts. celandine treated fungal diseases, purulent abscesses, burns, calluses and papillomas, destroyed on the vine dark spots, acne and skin growths.

medicinal possibilities celandine juice find their application in human civilization, as evidenced by many sources, since the 4th century BC.

It is known that the famous scientist and philosopher of antiquity Theophrastus, who became famous in Greece as a healer, prescribed to his patients suffering from serious illnesses, celandine treatment.

Various components of the plant have the ability to perfectly cleanse the skin. And this celandine justifies and confirms its main name.

BUT traditional healers today, using the properties of celandine for healing nervous disorders, the treatment of chronic wounds and scabies, dubbed the plant Russian ginseng for its ability to get rid of various ailments, restoring the precious health of people.

Celandine decoction has an analgesic and diuretic effect, relieves colitis and normalizes the work of the stomach with proper use. Homeopaths make from the roots celandine tinctures, while also assigning internal reception means, despite its toxicity, but in strictly calculated doses.

Another kind of miraculous herb, widely known as medicinal and ornamental plant, first described by the Japanese Hiroshi Hara as only a subspecies great celandine, grows in East Asia, therefore it received the name: Asian celandine.

Medicinal properties of celandine and its contraindications

modern medicine appreciates the properties of celandine. And on the basis of it, medicines are produced for the treatment of infections, ailments of various organs of the body: the liver, kidneys and gallbladder, strengthening the nervous and immune system, relieve fever and inflammation from the gums.

In addition, the constituent parts of this plant are actively used for the manufacture cosmetics: balms, ointments, gels for the care of delicate skin of the face and other parts of the body.

From the juice of the plant and extracts from other medicinal herbs, the famous balm " mountain celandine» for the treatment of skin diseases. According to some reports, the drug is capable of even affecting cancerous growths.

The invention of the pharmacist Bolotov is kvass from celandine. This biological product, using healing power plants, in addition, eliminates the negative effect of the alkaloids contained in it.

The essence of the principle is that in the process of fermentation and the action of whey enzymes, toxic substances that fill the structure of the plant lose their strength. Bolotov celandine It turns out to be very useful for the treatment of diseases of the ears and nasopharynx, stomach and intestines, regenerating their membrane.

Of course, decoctions and tinctures from this plant have invaluable medicinal qualities, but it should be remembered that the preparation of their ingredients must be done in accordance with all the rules.

Indeed, with the incorrect use of the components of celandine, extremely severe poisoning is possible. Its symptoms may be: slowing of the pulse, decreased pressure, suppressed nervous state even cramps and nausea.

If warning signs appear, gastric lavage should be done immediately. And in severe cases it is better to take the victim to the hospital.

As evidenced

Pharmacotherapeutic group. External anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, antispasmodic, choleretic agent.

plant description

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Rice. 10.24. Greater celandine - Chelidonium majus L.

Celandine grass– herba chelidonii
- chelidonium majus l.
Sem. poppy- papaveraceae
Other names: warthog, chistukha, swallow grass, yellow milkweed, glechkopar, cleanliness, melon

perennial herbaceous plant with upright branched shoots 30-80 cm high (Fig. 10.24).
Root taproot, branched, with a short vertical rhizome.
Leaves alternate, deeply unpaired-pinnate (lyre-shaped) with almost opposite set aside pairs of lobes. Basal and lower stem leaves are larger, on long petioles, the upper ones are sessile, with fewer lobes. The leaf lobes are rounded or ovate, with a large irregularly crenate margin. The leaves are green above, bluish below, covered with a waxy coating.
flowers bright yellow on long pedicels, collected 4-8 at the ends of the stems in umbellate inflorescences. The calyx consists of 2 sepals that fall off when the flower opens. Corolla regular, of 4 obovate petals, 10-15 mm in diameter. There are many stamens. Pistil 1, with an upper unilocular ovary.
Fetus- a pod-shaped box 3-6 cm long, opening with two valves from the base to the top.
seeds brownish-black, numerous, shiny, with a white comb-like appendage. All parts of the plant contain an orange milky sap.
blooms from May to autumn. fruits ripen in July - September.

Composition of celandine

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The chemical composition of celandine

All parts of the plant contain

alkaloids, derivatives of isoquinoline, the amount of which in the grass can reach 2%, and in the roots - 4%.

Composition of alkaloids very complex, and in their structure they belong to different subgroups of isoquinoline derivatives:

In addition to alkaloids, there are

saponins, 0.01%
essential oil,
flavonoids (rutin, kaempferol, quercetin),
tannins,
organic acids (citric, malic, succinic),
vitamins (ascorbic acid, carotenoids).

Properties and use of celandine

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Pharmacological properties of celandine

Celandine grass has a multilateral pharmacological activity.
However main properties are

antispasmodic,
choleretic and
anti-inflammatory (bactericidal).

Celandine alkaloids have the highest pharmacological activity.

Chelidonin gives a pronounced

painkiller and
calming effect

similar in action to poppy alkaloids - papaverine and morphine,

Chelidonin renders also

spasmolytic effect on smooth muscles,
has antihypertensive and
bradycardic properties.

Homochelidonin, against,

gives a stimulating-convulsive effect,
has a strong local anesthetic effect.

Alkaloid protopine contained in the plant in quite in large numbers,

reduces the reactivity of the nervous system and
enhances tone smooth muscle.

Chelerythrin is characterized

pronounced local irritant effect.

Sanguinarine renders

anticholinesterase action (increases intestinal peristalsis and saliva secretion),

Berberine renders

choleretic.

Celandine preparations

retard growth cancerous tumors and
development of metastases
have fungistatic and
bacteriostatic action.

The use of celandine

Celandine grass is applied in the form of 2.5% aqueous infusion inside how

choleretic and
bactericide

with diseases of the liver and gallbladder,

as well as external

anti-inflammatory agent for various skin diseases.

Milky juice of celandine has long been used to reduce warts.

Celandine herb extract is part of complex preparations choleretic, antispasmodic action.

Celandine grass is used with caution and only on prescription.

Application contraindicated persons suffering

epilepsy
angina,
bronchial asthma,
as well as in a number of neurological syndromes.

The plant is poisonous, in case of an overdose, poisoning may develop (symptoms - nausea, vomiting, paralysis of the respiratory center).

Spreading

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Spreading. Eurasian look. Distributed in all regions of the European part of the country, in Siberia (except the Arctic), in the Caucasus.

Habitat. It grows as a weed-ruderal plant near housing, in wastelands, in gardens, parks, orchards. It occurs in small clumps, does not form large thickets. Natural reserves are many times greater than the need for celandine raw materials.

Procurement and storage of raw materials

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Rice. 10.24. Large celandine

blank. The grass is harvested in the phase of mass flowering of the plant (from June to August), cutting it off with knives or sickles, and in dense standing, mowing the flowering tops with braids, without coarse lower parts stems.

Security measures. When harvesting for the renewal of thickets, it is necessary to leave well-developed individuals for seeding, do not uproot the plants. In order to preserve the thickets, repeated harvesting is carried out no earlier than after 2-3 years.

Drying. Dry without delay in dryers at a temperature of 50-60 ° C, in attics under an iron roof or under a canopy with good ventilation. Raw materials are laid out loosely, in a thin layer, turning over from time to time. With slow drying, the grass turns brown and rots.

When packing raw materials, it is necessary to wear wet gauze masks on the face, since the dust from it causes severe irritation of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity.

Standardization. GF XI, no. 2, art. 47.

Storage. In dry, well-ventilated areas, according to list B. Shelf life 3 years.

External signs of raw materials

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Whole raw material. Whole or partially crushed leafy stems with buds, flowers and fruits varying degrees development, pieces of stems, leaves, flowers and fruits. The stems are slightly ribbed, sometimes branched, hollow in the internodes, slightly pubescent, up to 50 cm long. The leaves are alternate, petiolate, broadly elliptical in outline, the plates are unpaired-pinnately dissected with 3-4 pairs of crenate-lobed segments. The buds are obovate with two pubescent sepals that fall off when the flower opens. Flowers 4-8 in axillary umbellate inflorescences on peduncles, lengthening during the fruiting period. Corolla of 4 obovate petals, many stamens, ovary superior. The fruit is an oblong, pod-shaped, bicuspid capsule. Seeds are numerous, small, ovate with a pitted surface (under a magnifying glass), with a fleshy white appendage. The color of the stems is light green, the leaves are green on one side and bluish on the other, the corolla is bright yellow, the fruits are grayish green, and the seeds are brownish to black. The smell is peculiar. Taste is not defined (!).

Crushed raw materials. Pieces of leaves, stems, flowers and fruits of various shapes, passing through a sieve with holes with a diameter of 7 mm. Greyish-green color with yellow patches. The smell is peculiar. Taste is not defined (!).

Microscopy of raw materials

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Rice. 10.25. Microscopy of a celandine leaf

When examining a leaf from the surface, epidermal cells with sinuous walls are visible. Stomata only on the underside of the leaf with 4-7 parotid cells (anomocytic type).

On the underside of the leaf along the veins there are sparse long simple hairs with thin walls, often torn, consisting of 7-20 cells, sometimes twisted or with separate collapsed segments. At the top of the crenate teeth, at the convergence of the veins, there is a hydathode with a papillary epidermis and 2-5 large water stomata. Spongy parenchyma cells with large intercellular spaces (aerenchyma). The veins are accompanied by lactifers with dark brown granular contents (after boiling in alkali) (Fig. 10.25).

Rice. 10.25. Microscopy of a celandine leaf:
A - the epidermis of the upper side;
B - fragment of a sheet with bottom side;
B - fragment of leaf vein: 1 - hairs; 2 - milkers; 3 - spongy parenchyma.

Numerical indicators of raw materials

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Whole Raw Material. The amount of alkaloids, determined potentiometrically, in terms of chelidonin is not less than 0.2%; humidity not more than 14%; total ash no more than 15%; ash, insoluble in 10% hydrochloric acid solution, not more than 2%; brown and yellowed parts of grass no more than 3%; organic impurities not more than 1%; mineral impurity not more than 0.5%.

Crushed raw materials. The amount of alkaloids in terms of chelidonin is not less than 0.2%; humidity not more than 14%; total ash no more than 15%; ash, insoluble in 10% hydrochloric acid solution, not more than 2%; particles that do not pass through a sieve with holes with a diameter of 7 mm, not more than 10%; particles passing through a sieve with holes of 0.5 mm, not more than 10%; organic impurities not more than 1%; mineral impurity not more than 0.5%.

Medicines based on celandine

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Celandine grass, crushed raw materials. Choleretic, anti-inflammatory agent.
Celandine herb extract is a part of complex preparations ("Hepatofalk Planta", "Holagogum", "Holaflux", etc.).

Description of the large celandine.

Greater celandine is herbaceous perennial. Stem up to 1 m high, covered sparse hairs, ribbed, upright, hollow. The leaves of the plant are pinnate, alternate, bluish below, light green above, the upper leaves are sessile, the lower ones are on long petioles. The flowers sit on long stalks, bloom in May - June, they are bright yellow in color, and are collected in umbrellas at the ends of the stems. The fruits of the greater celandine ripen in July-September in the form of a pod-shaped single-celled box. Seeds are shiny, dark brown, ovoid. The plant contains milky orange juice. Greater celandine belongs to the poppy family.

Celandine large photo.

Large celandine: habitat (distribution).

The medicinal plant great celandine is common in Siberia, in the European part of Russia, in Central Asia, in the Far East. Celandine grows along roadsides, near houses, in gardens, in kitchen gardens weed.

blank.

AT medicinal purposes the above-ground part of the celandine is used. Celandine grass is stored during the flowering period of the plant. Celandine should be collected in dry weather. The collected raw materials are immediately dried in ventilated rooms or in dryers at 50-60 °C. If the stems do not bend when bent, but break, then the raw material is considered dry. The shelf life of raw materials is 3 years.

Chemical composition large celandine.

Celandine contains flavonoids, saponins, complex alkaloids, essential oil, carotene, chelidonic, ascorbic, malic, chelidonic, succinic and citric acids.

Large celandine: properties of the plant.

Celandine has an analgesic, antispasmodic, sedative effect, affects the secretion of bile and its release into the intestines, and also has pronounced antiviral and antibacterial properties.

Plant application.

People know the celandine plant and its use by them has been going on for a long time. So celandine is used in the treatment of disorders of the liver, intestines, gallbladder.

Fresh juice of the greater celandine and a decoction of the herb of the greater celandine inhibit growth malignant tumors have a bacteriostatic effect on mycobacterium tuberculosis. The juice of the plant is used in the treatment of chronic prostatitis.

Infusion of celandine is used in the treatment of certain skin diseases and gout. An infusion of herbs of great celandine is drunk with atherosclerosis.

Fresh juice of the celandine plant is used to treat acne, calluses are reduced and warts are cauterized. It is used for fungal diseases, scabies, breast tumors, eczema.

Children are bathed in a decoction of celandine for various skin diseases, its use helps with itchy dermatoses. In addition to this, the cleaner good remedy treatment of burns and frostbite.

Treatment medicines celandine plants.

Infusion as a choleretic, laxative and analgesic.

1 st. pour a spoonful of celandine herb with a quarter liter of boiled hot water, then heat in a water bath for a quarter of an hour, cool for an hour, filter. Bring the volume of infusion boiled water up to 250 ml. Drink a quarter of an hour before meals 2-3 times a day for half a glass.

Infusion for biliary dyskinesia.

2 tbsp. spoons of celandine grass pour half a liter of boiled water, leave for 4 hours, then strain. Take in the evening and in the morning on an empty stomach at a time for 3/4 cup.

Infusion for atherosclerosis.

Brew a tablespoon of chopped celandine grass with a glass of boiling water, leave for half an hour, strain. Drink three times a day for 0.5 cups.

Tincture of celandine.

Pour 20 g of celandine grass with a glass of vodka, leave for 10 days, shaking occasionally, filter, squeeze out the used raw materials. Drink with shortness of breath 25 drops.

Infusion for sweaty feet.

200 g of celandine herb brew 2 liters of boiling water, insist the herb until cool. Do foot baths.

Juice from celandine.

Fresh grass with roots is washed, put in the shade to dry out from the water. Then it and the roots are scrolled through a juicer or meat grinder. The resulting mass is squeezed out. The juice is poured into a dark glass bottle so that 1-2 cm remains to the edge of its neck and tightly closed. Every day, the bottle is let out of air until it stops coming out. Juice must have amber. Store the bottle with it in a dark, cool place, but not in the refrigerator.

Celandine juice is instilled into the nose 1-2 drops for sinusitis, warts are reduced, sore spots are lubricated when salts are deposited, gums are lubricated with their disease 3-5 times with an interval of 3-4 minutes.

Or the juice is diluted with water in a ratio of 1:2 and rubbed into the hair roots to grow, strengthen and strengthen the hair.

Celandine large: contraindications.

The medicinal properties of the celandine plant and its use should be taken adequately, since the celandine is poisonous plant! It is contraindicated in patients suffering from a number of angina pectoris, neuralgic syndromes, bronchial asthma, epilepsy. With excessive external use, celandine juice can bring the skin to inflammation, usually occurring with the formation of blisters.

Read about in the book of Lydia Kostina "Treatment with celandine."

Think and choose the correct answer! The Russian word celandine has an open etymology - we immediately understand that this plant cleanses the body. His international name Chelidonium, is a Latinized version of the Greek word. What?

"Swallow" Believing that this bird uses celandine to restore vision to chicks, many generations of doctors (even Avicenna) offered to treat eye diseases with the juice of this plant. The scientist and poet Odo from Mena also gave his interpretation in the 11th century, who explained that the celandine is so called because it begins to grow with the arrival of swallows and dries with their flight.

Poppy family - Papaveraceae. Poisonous!

Folk names: yellow grass, golden, cleansing grass, swallow grass, devil's milk, witch grass, warthog, warthog, gladushnik, glekopar, glacier, jaundice, red milkweed, cow grass, bloodweed, bloodweed, killer or dove grass, gusset, gusset, butterwort, euphorbia yellow, yellow milkweed, liverwort, pimple, prozornik, rozopas, rostopash, rostopach, burst, silidon grass, silidonia, celidonia, selinomia, gray potion, chistyak, chistyk yellow, chistyk, chistukha, celandine, chistoplot, chistokol, nutcracker, yaskovka, adamova head, aksamet, volosnik, starodub, field mustard, zavilets, larkspur, night blindness, buttercup, St. John's wort, gorse.

Used parts: grass and root.

Pharmacy name: celandine grass - Chelidonii herba, celandine root - Chelidonii radix.

Botanical description. This is a perennial plant with a powerful (sometimes finger-thick) root. Depending on the habitat, its height ranges from 30 cm to 1 m. All parts of the plant (even the roots) secrete a yellow milky juice, which is very pungent in taste and irritating. The stem is branched, slightly pubescent, also covered with pubescent alternate bluish-green, pinnate below, pinnate-lobed leaves above. Brilliant golden yellow flowers with four petals and numerous stamens are collected in an umbrella-shaped inflorescence. The elongated pod-like fruits bear seeds that have white appendages, which are very fond of ants, which is why celandine seeds are often brought to unusual places. Celandine blooms almost all year round, from (March) April to October (November), but mostly in May-June. Common near dwellings, on roadsides, near hedges, in bushes.

active ingredients. The yellow milky juice of celandine contains various alkaloids close to the opium group. One of them is considered cytotoxic (destroying cells). In addition, the plant contains saponins, flavonoids, some essential oil, carotenoids, a cardiac stimulant and enzymes. The pharmacological and chemotherapeutic effects of various alkaloids, narcotic (sedative), anesthetic, strychnine-like, antispasmodic, fungicidal and fungistatic, antiviral, antibacterial, antitumor and cytostatic, hypotensive and antihistamine, analgesic, were studied. The most important of the celandine alkaloids is chelidonin, which is close to poppy alkaloids, morphine and papaverine, which has an analgesic and sedative effect. Chelidonin also causes relaxation of smooth muscles, slowing the pulse and lowering blood pressure. Homochelidonin - convulsive poison, strong anesthetic local action. Sanguinarine manifests narcotic effect, excites intestinal peristalsis and enhances the secretion of saliva. Chelelythrin causes local irritation. Protolin reduces the reactivity of the autonomic nervous system, tones the smooth muscles of the uterus. Cheletrin and sanguinarine cause a bactericidal and anticholinesterase effect. The alkaloids cholidine, homochelidonine, and methoxychelidonine are mitotic poisons and are capable of inhibiting tumor growth. The complex of quaternary protoberberine alkaloids - berberine and coptisine exhibits a choleretic effect. Allocoiptopic and protopin reduce the reactivity of the autonomic nervous system and, unlike chelidonine, increase the tone of smooth muscles, and also have a pronounced antiarrhythmic activity, surpassing in this respect such well-known antiarrhythmics as cinchonidine and novocainamide. Celandine is promising
medicinal plant for further study of the substances contained in it and their application

Healing action and application. According to the composition of celandine, it can be judged that this plant has a slightly sedative, anti-spasmodic (on the bronchi, intestines) and choleretic action. Excitatory effect on blood vessels leads to a slight increase blood pressure. Therefore, celandine is used for sluggish bowel movements, stomach diseases and bile stasis. But you need a doctor's advice. Most likely, he will prescribe various drugs in the form of drops, since celandine tea is not always safe. In addition, the active ingredients long-term storage are destroyed and in pharmaceutical raw materials are contained in different quantities. Celandine grass or roots are an integral part of many medicinal teas for the treatment of diseases of the stomach, intestines and gallbladder. Who wants to be treated for these diseases with natural celandine, must undergo a 3-4-week course of treatment. But be sure to check with your doctor first! Celandine and its preparations have anti-inflammatory, wound healing, antipruritic, analgesic, antihistamine, diuretic, choleretic, anticonvulsant and cauterizing effects. They retard the growth of malignant tumors, have fungistatic and bacteriostatic properties against mycobacterium tuberculosis, significantly reduce and prevent the development of some fungal diseases, and have antiviral, antimicrobial and insecticidal effects. Celandine preparations also slow down the pulse and lower arterial pressure, stop cramps and spasms, reduce and soothe pain. Celandine preparations are used for angina pectoris, hypertension, at various diseases accompanied by muscle spasms, bronchial asthma, chronic polyarthritis, chronic diseases skin, diseases of the liver, gallbladder and biliary tract, cholelithiasis. In stomach cancer, they act somewhat analgesically (S. A. Tomilin, 1959). The clinic of hospital surgery of the Kuibyshev Medical Institute successfully treated a large number of patients with various forms of colon polyposis. According to doctors, the effect is based on the cauterizing, keratolytic effect of celandine on tissues.

For 1 part of celandine 10 parts of water, for the procedure 15-60 g of the green mass of the plant (depending on the weight of the patient). The resulting liquid is administered as a therapeutic enema for an hour. 3 hours before do cleansing enema. After 10-20 procedures (during the growing season of celandine - 2 cycles), patients were clinically completely freed from polyps (A. Aminev, 1966).

Tincture fresh roots celandine is part of the complex drug cholelithin, used for cholelithiasis. Juice and ointment from crushed leaves is used in the treatment of skin tuberculosis. The effectiveness of topical application of celandine juice obtained from grass and roots has been clinically proven in the conservative treatment of rectal and bladder polyps, as well as the treatment of laryngeal papillomatosis in children, cancer of the red border of the lips, warts, periodontal disease, eczema with celandine juice. AT clinical practice the positive effect of celandine in the treatment of patients with scaly lichen (psoriasis) has been established. When the disease is noted nice results in patients with external use of 50% celandine extract mixed with pork fat, in combination with simultaneous reception inside 20% alcohol tincture celandine. Positive results are achieved when using this method of treating psoriasis by introducing biologically active substances and applying therapeutic ointments to the lesion using a diet and normalizing the regime of work and rest. It should be noted 2 more ways to treat psoriasis in folk medicine.

Pour 2 bottles of vinegar essence into a half-liter jar, dip 2 chicken eggs there, close the lid and put in a dark place for 9 days. During this time, the eggs in the essence will boil, and a film will remain from the shell. Eggs need to be removed from the solution, remove the film from them and grind with a fork. Then add sperm whale oil to get an ointment (not very liquid). Ointment should be stored in closed jar, keep in a dark cool place. Apply a thin layer to the affected areas of the skin and rub in lightly. Eczema can also be treated in this way.
Rub grease into sore spots every other day, rinse with warm whey from skimmed milk. You should be careful, as some people may have intolerance to grease.

In Poland, great celandine is used as an anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antihelminthic agent, for diseases gastrointestinal tract, hepatic colic, hemorrhoids, with painful menstruation. In Austria, young celandine grass is used as a sedative and anticonvulsant. According to Austrian researchers, one of the alkaloids contained in the plant enhances the function of the gallbladder and bile ducts. The Austrian pharmaceutical industry manufactures various preparations containing celandine alkaloids. They are sold as extracts of the fresh plant and other preparations. In France, celandine grass is used as an aphrodisiac, diuretic, laxative. It has a stimulating effect fresh plant. Its juice is used against warts. Grass is an official raw material in the USA, Venezuela, Germany, and was also an official raw material in the former USSR. Celandine is widely used in folk medicine in many countries of the world. In German folk medicine, a decoction of herbs with flowers and a decoction of roots are taken orally in small doses for jaundice, liver stones, spleen diseases, gastritis, colitis, and influenza.

Celandine tea: Scald 2 teaspoons of celandine herb with 1/4 liter of boiling water and soak for 10 minutes. After straining, the tea is ready to drink. During the entire course, take a cup 2-3 times a day.

The idea of the action of celandine would be incomplete if we did not mention the use of fresh milky juice of celandine to reduce warts. For those who lubricate the warts with fresh celandine juice several times a day, they disappear after a few days. However, it is still unclear why this does not occur in other patients even with longer use.

Special advice. The action of celandine is often overestimated. Therefore, I advise you to use this raw material in mixtures where its action is supported by other medicinal herbs used against diseases of the stomach, intestines and gallbladder. In this sense, the combination with wormwood, peppermint and cumin is quite reliable.

Mixed tea: Celandine 10.0 Peppermint 10.0 Cumin 5.0 Wormwood 5.0 Pour two teaspoons of the mixture into 1/4 liter of boiling water and infuse for 10 minutes. After straining, drink non-hot tea in small sips. Take as needed 2 times a day for a cup or take a 2-3-week course at the same doses.

Use in homeopathy. homeopathic remedy Chelidonium is prepared from the raw root. It is believed that the drug supports the activity of the liver and gallbladder, so it belongs to the most frequently recommended remedies. Chelidonium is also prescribed for influenza, bronchitis and pneumonia, somewhat less often for neuralgia and muscular rheumatism. Assign the remedy in dilutions D 1 -D 6 , give several times a day, 5-10 (up to 15) drops.

Application in folk medicine. The use of celandine has been known since ancient times. Theophrastus already wrote that he prescribed this remedy for jaundice, tumors of the liver, cholelithiasis and constipation. This information was used by later authors of herbalists and in medieval herbalists, from which the knowledge of traditional medicine was drawn. New is the use of celandine in asthmatic attacks, in this area it is being praised more and more. Here, its action is determined by the sedative and anticonvulsant substances present in the composition of the raw material. Also, the external use of celandine is increasingly practiced. This refers not only to the reduction of warts with raw juice, but also to other skin diseases, which are treated with a decoction (tea) from celandine. This is explained, apparently, by the fact that some alkaloids have a bactericidal effect.

Side effects. Treatment with this plant is carried out only under the supervision of a physician, as in large doses can cause poisoning, the main symptoms of which are intense thirst, heaviness in the head and stomach, dizziness, fainting, hallucinations. Even if, when treated at the above doses, no side effects does not appear, it is still better to use raw materials only after consulting a doctor. And since celandine contains various alkaloids, it is rightly considered a poisonous plant.

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Other names: Wart grass, Warthog, Witch grass, Yellow grass, Yellow spurge, golden grass, Cowgrass, Bloodgrass, Swallowweed, Devil's Milk, Purefruit, Chistuha, Cleansing Grass.

Diseases and effects: skin tuberculosis, gout, rheumatism, difficult to heal wounds, lupus, nasal polyps, scrofula, wart, callus, lichen, eczema, skin cancer, psoriasis, alveolar pyorrhea, stomatitis, trichomonas colpitis, cervical erosion, hepatitis, cholelithiasis, cholecystitis , gastritis, colon polyposis.

Active substances: berberine, protopine, chelidonine, homochelidonine, coptisine, stylopine, chelerythrin, sanguinarine, sparteine, 1-stylopine, 1-a-stylopine, 1-B-stylopine, α-allocryptonin, β-allocryptopine, saponins, flavonoids, vitamin C, vitamin A, malic acid, lemon acid, succinic acid, chelidonic acid, coumarins.

Plant collection and preparation time: May June.

Botanical description of celandine

Great celandine is a perennial herbaceous plant of the poppy family (Papaveraceae), containing orange milky juice in all parts.

Root taproot, branched, with a short multi-headed rhizome. Inside the root of the celandine is yellow, outside - red-brown.

Stem erect, hollow, ribbed, branched, covered with sparse hairs or almost naked, 25-100 cm high.

Leaves green, glaucous below, pinnatipartite with almost opposite, set aside pairs of leaflets. The leaves are dissected into crenate-lobed lobes. The leaves are 7-20 long and 2.5-9 cm wide. The upper ones are sessile, the lower ones have long petioles. Leaf segments are ovate or rounded, at the base with an additional lobe in the form of an eyelet, unevenly round-toothed, entire or incised on the underside.

flowers bright yellow on long stalks, collected at the ends of the stem with umbrellas, about 15-20 mm in diameter. The calyx consists of two sepals, which fall off when the flower opens. The petals are rounded, the corolla is correct. Pistil with a short thin style and a small two-lobed stigma.

The fruit is a pod-shaped single-celled bivalve capsule 3-6 cm long, 2-3 mm wide. Seeds are ovoid, dark brown, shiny, with a pale comb-like appendage, located in a box in two rows.

It blooms from May to August, the fruits ripen in July - September, depending on the growing zone. Propagated by seeds. Greater celandine herb is used as a medicinal raw material. Celandine juice is usually bitter, burning, has a very unpleasant odor.

Habitats and distribution of the great celandine

Greater celandine is widely distributed throughout the European part of the countries. former USSR, except for the regions of the Far North, in the Caucasus, in Siberia, in the Far East, is less common in Central Asia.

In the south of Ukraine, it occurs in rare thickets or in small groups and is concentrated mainly along the banks of the Dnieper in the Kherson and Zaporozhye regions, as well as in the southern part of the Donetsk region. In Crimea, it is often found in the southern and southwestern foothills and mountainous regions. A small amount of celandine grows in the foothill-steppe zone.

Great celandine grows on soils that contain a lot of humus, in shady places. Inhabits broad-leaved, coniferous-small-leaved, fir-spruce and larch-birch forests; in the steppe regions it is found mainly in river valleys. In the mountains it rises to the upper border of the forest. Grows on scree, shady rocky slopes and rocks, on pebbles in river valleys and along stream banks, in bushes, along roads in sparse forests, often inhabits clearings and burnt areas, settles near housing, in gardens, kitchen gardens, wastelands, pastures and like a weed. It usually grows in small clumps; it rarely forms thickets over large areas.

Preparation of large celandine and the quality of raw materials

Medicinal raw material is a dried herb, consisting of a mixture of leafy stems up to 50 cm long with branches and fruits of varying degrees of development, pieces of stems, leaves. However, it is known that in folk medicine, juice is also used for medicinal purposes, and sometimes the whole plant along with the root.

Celandine grass is harvested during flowering (usually May - June) in dry weather, cutting plants with knives or sickles, and in dense standing - mowing with scythes without coarse ground parts with hand scythes.

The plant is poisonous, therefore, during the collection of raw materials, you should not touch your face, eyes with your hands; Hands must be washed thoroughly after work.

To preserve thickets, re-harvesting on the same thicket should be carried out no earlier than a year later.

Dry the grass in dryers at a temperature of 50-60 ° C for 8 hours, in attics or under sheds with good ventilation, laying it out in a thin layer on bedding or paper and periodically turning it over. With slow drying and in those cases when the grass is spread out in a thick layer, it turns brown and rots. The raw material is considered dry if the stems break when bent, and do not bend.

Raw materials are packed in bales of fabric with a net weight of up to 40 kg and in bags up to 10-15 kg. Store in dry, well-ventilated areas. Shelf life up to 3 years.

Workers packing celandine raw materials should wear wet gauze masks on their faces, since the dust from it causes severe irritation of the nasal mucosa.

The chemical composition of celandine

All parts of the plant contain alkaloids (up to 2% in grass, up to 40% in roots). Alkaloids belong to different types isoquinoline derivatives: berberine, protopine, chelidonine, homochelidonine, coptisine, stylopine, chelerythrin, sanguinarine, sparteine, 1-stylopine, 1-a-stylopine, 1-B-stylopine, α-allocryptonin, β-allocryptopine, etc. In grass, in addition to alkaloids, it contains saponins, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, vitamin A and organic acids - malic, citric, succinic, chelidonic. The seeds contain 40-60% fatty oil, coumarins. The milky juice is rich in resinous substances containing up to 40% fatty oil.

Pharmacological properties of celandine

Celandine grass has a multilateral pharmacological activity. However, the main properties of celandine are antispasmodic, choleretic and anti-inflammatory (bactericidal). Celandine alkaloids have the highest pharmacological activity. For example, chelidonin gives a pronounced analgesic and sedative effect, similar in action to the main poppy alkaloids - papaverine and morphine. In addition, this alkaloid has an antispasmodic effect on smooth muscle organs, has hypotensive and bradycardic properties.

Another alkaloid of celandine - homochelidonin, on the contrary, gives an excitatory-convulsive effect and exhibits local anesthetic activity. The alkaloid protopine, contained in the plant in a fairly large amount, reduces the reactivity of the autonomic nervous system and, unlike chelidonine, increases the tone of smooth muscles. Chelerythrin is characterized by a pronounced local irritant effect.

Of all the compounds contained in the plant, sanguirythrin (the sum of the alkaloids sanguinarine and chelerythrine) has been most thoroughly studied. On the various types in laboratory animals, a clear anticholinesterase effect of the drug was established. In addition, experiments have shown that sanguirythrin potentiates the effect of acetylcholine and improves neuromuscular conduction. When studying the general pharmacological properties of sanguirythrine, the effects characteristic of the entire group of anticholinesterase substances were confirmed, and it was also found that the alkaloid has a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity. It acts bactericidal on gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, yeast-like fungi and Trichomonas.

It has been experimentally established that celandine herb preparations retard the growth of cancerous tumors and the development of metastases; revealed fungistatic and bacteriostatic effect on tuberculosis microbacteria.

The use of large celandine in medicine

Earlier in practical medicine Celandine was widely used for skin tuberculosis, gout and rheumatism. Externally, it has been used to treat warts and calluses, lichen, eczema, skin cancer, mainly in the form of fresh juice or an ointment prepared from the herb of the plant, by lubricating the affected areas three times daily. In a decoction of celandine grass, children were bathed with various skin diseases.

In the form of an infusion or the main component in celandine preparations, it is currently used for diseases of the liver and gallbladder, for gout and some skin diseases. Great celandine infusion is recommended for the treatment of hepatitis, cholelithiasis, cholecystitis, gastritis. There is information about the use of a decoction of celandine in the form of hot baths for psoriasis. With the same disease, good results were noted in patients with external use of 50% celandine extract mixed with pork fat, in combination with simultaneous ingestion of 20% alcohol tincture of celandine.

Of interest is clinical experience on the use of celandine for the treatment of itchy dermatoses. AT stationary conditions water extracts of a fresh or dried plant were used, more often in the form of an infusion or decoction at the rate of 0.25 to 10 g of herb per 100 ml of water. Lotions, compresses and baths were used. The treatment was carried out in patients with some pruritic dermatoses in the stage acute inflammation and wetting. On the 2-3rd day of treatment, the sensation of itching decreased in patients or it disappeared, epithelialization of eroded surfaces was noted, skin infiltration in the lesions decreased. In the future, treatment with baths from the infusion of celandine was combined with the use of ointments with regenerating and keratolytic properties.

Based clinical observations it was found that the infusion and decoction of celandine herbs in some itching dermatoses have antipruritic, anti-inflammatory and epithelial properties in the stage of acute inflammation, vesiculation and weeping.

Sanguiritrin in the form of liniment and solution is effective in alveolar pyorrhea, chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis, long-term non-healing wounds, ulcers and other diseases caused by antibiotic-resistant microflora. Sangviritrin gives positive results in herpetic ulcerative stomatitis, trichomonas colpitis and cervical erosion. In addition, sanguirythrin is successfully used in various forms myopathies, with sensory and motor disorders associated with diseases and traumatic injuries nervous system (poliomyelitis, cerebral palsy).

Some doctors have successfully used celandine treatment for colon polyposis. To do this, fresh grass is ground in a porcelain mortar at the rate of 1 g per 1 kg of the patient's weight. The resulting slurry is poured with boiled water (temperature 70-80 ° C) in a ratio of 1: 10. The cooled mixture is injected with a syringe, but before that, a cleansing enema is made 2 hours before. The introduced mixture should be kept in the colon for 1-2 hours. The procedure is carried out every other day. Total course of treatment - 10-20 enemas.

In folk medicine, for the prevention of cancer, the following recipes are used:

Half a tablespoon of chopped celandine herb is placed in an enamel bowl and poured with a glass of boiled water. room temperature. Then insist on a boiling water bath for 15 minutes, cool for at least 45 minutes, filter through gauze. Apply infusion 1 tablespoon 3 times a day for 3 days every month.
Take 1 tablespoon of the collection prepared from equal parts calendula flowers and chopped celandine herb. The technology for preparing the infusion is the same as the first one. Take 2 tablespoons 3 times a day for 3 days monthly.
Two teaspoons of chopped celandine herb insist on boiled cold water(glass) room temperature 8 hours. Filter. The entire infusion is drunk per day, taken for 3 days monthly.

Side effects and contraindications to the use of large celandine

It should be remembered: the internal use of celandine preparations is permissible only on the prescription of a doctor and under his control!

Celandine in galenic forms for external use is contraindicated in persons suffering from epilepsy, bronchial asthma, angina pectoris, as well as in a number of neurological syndromes.

With the internal use of herbal preparations of celandine in large quantities or an overdose of fees, including celandine as the main component, patients may develop poisoning with nausea, vomiting, paralysis of the respiratory center.

The celandine is known not only as remedy, but also by the fact that it water infusion you can fight diseases and pests of the orchard. Therefore, it is useful to have such a plant on hand. Celandine can be successfully grown in the garden. The soil must be prepared as for all medicinal crops. It is better to allocate a plot for sowing in a more humid and slightly protected place from sunlight. Seeds collected in autumn are sown superficially before winter or in early spring. The row spacing is 40-50 cm. The sown seeds are lightly sprinkled with earth.