How does heat affect a person. Problems of the heart and blood vessels: from pressure to a heart attack. It became bad in sunny weather, what to do

The heat is fraught with many health problems: vasodilation threatens with edema and fainting, excessive sweating- dehydration, and overheating - heat stroke. In the heat, many people notice that they become distracted, they can’t concentrate, and thoughts don’t come into their heads. And indeed, the heat changes the way the brain works, scientists have found out from. The results of the study were published in the journal PLOS Medicine .

The effect of heat has usually been studied in the context of its effect on outdoors, but many adults today spend up to 90% of their time indoors, the researchers note. This makes overheating at home or workplace no less significant problem. Besides, existing research The impacts of the heat tended to be concentrated around the most vulnerable segments of the population—children and the elderly. However, it also affects the rest not in the best way.

“There is evidence that our brains are sensitive to changes in temperature,” said Joseph Allen, one of the authors of the study. “And the more the climate changes, the more we will experience heat waves.”

To find out how heat affects cognitive abilities in young and healthy people, Allen and his colleagues invited 44 students living in dormitories to participate in the experiment. Some of them lived in buildings with centralized air conditioning, the rest lived in buildings without it. For the former, the air temperature in the bedrooms was about 21°C, for the latter it reached 27°C.

For 12 days, students received mathematical tests twice a day. One of them, which came to the smartphone immediately after the subject woke up, measured memory and decision speed, the second - attentiveness and information processing speed.

“We found that in buildings without central system conditioning students had a slower reaction: they were 13% slower in solving examples and gave 10% fewer correct answers per minute, ”says Allen.

The results, however, did not surprise scientists.

“It's like the experiment with the frog in boiling water,” Allen explains. “The temperature rises slowly, we hardly notice it, but it affects us.”

Other studies show similar results. So, in 2006 it was established that when the air temperature in the workplace rises above 23-24°C, the productivity of workers decreases. best temperature for work, scientists recognized 22.2 ° C. When it rose to 29°C, the performance of employees fell by 9%. The key parameters evaluated were the efficiency of working with text, simple calculations, duration telephone conversations with clients.

Another research team compared efficiency and health status of people living in buildings that meet and do not meet environmental standards. In the second case, too high a temperature was again to blame for the worst work productivity, and in addition to it - bad light. The difference in scores was astounding — residents of green homes performed 26.4% better on cognitive tests, 30% fewer complaints of illness, and 6.4% better sleep.

The same differences are observed among schoolchildren - passing the exam on a hot day leads to poor results.

Another team from Harvard spent several tests among schoolchildren in different days and found that if the air temperature reaches 30-32°C, then children cope with tasks 11% worse than at a temperature of 22.2°C.

I already wrote earlier - overheating is dangerous even in the last intrauterine months. The researchers analyzed data on more than 12 million Americans born between 1969 and 1977. They took into account the date and place of birth, race, gender and income level. By looking at records of weather conditions over the study period, the researchers found how often people were exposed to high temperatures before birth and in the first year after. As it turned out, the more recent months before birth and in the first year of life they found themselves in a heat of about 32 ° C, the less they earned in adulthood. For every day spent in the heat, there was an average $30 decrease in annual income.

Fetuses and newborns are most sensitive to fever, as they nervous system and the ability to thermoregulate is not yet fully developed. So when heat affects a child's brain development, it can lead to many consequences, including career problems.

Does it get better in the heat if you sit under a fan, what symptoms should you pay attention to in such weather, and is it worth drinking coffee and cold alcoholic cocktails?

Postgraduate student of the Department of General Physiology, Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg State University and participant in the festival "" Larisa Okorokova told "Paper" how our body reacts to heat.

Larisa Okorokova

Postgraduate student at the Department of General Physiology, St. Petersburg State University

What happens to the body in the heat: breathing, sweat and blood vessels

Man is a warm-blooded animal. This means that our body temperature does not depend on temperature. environment and is always constant. Over the course of a long evolution, all the components of our body - from protein molecules to organ systems - have adapted to the maximum effective work at certain temperature- 37 degrees. A change in this temperature even by a degree leads to disruptions in the work of most of the proteins in our body, so we strive to maintain this comfortable temperature with all our might.

It seems that up to 37 degrees of the environment, the body should heat itself, after that it should cool. However, all chemical reactions in every cell of the body are accompanied by heat loss, so we get hot already at 26-27 degrees.

Already at 25–27 degrees, we do not lose the necessary heat simply through the skin, and the body needs to constantly cool down. First of all, the vessels of the skin expand - the blood heats up in the muscles and internal organs and cools at the surface of the skin. Behavioral mechanisms also quickly turn on: we subconsciously or consciously look for a cool place, put on loose, light clothes. All this in order to cool the skin faster.

Then we start sweating. When we are in the heat for a long time, a problem arises: in order to sweat, we need to give off moisture, and in order to maintain normal vital activity, adequate water-salt balance water must be conserved. The kidneys change their mode of operation to water-saving, adaptive mechanisms are activated respiratory system: we breathe less often, because we lose a lot of moisture with exhalation. And in this state we can feel good, if the balance of moisture and heat in the body is maintained. But if the critical point is reached, problems begin.

St. Petersburg has high air humidity, so the sweating process is not as efficient as we would like. In addition, the air here is not so clean, therefore, combined with less frequent breathing, mild hypoxia can occur - a lack of oxygen and an excess carbon dioxide. But St. Petersburg is not an exception, but just a big city: it is not located in an extreme zone, on the contrary, we, frankly, have a mild climate. But in a village with clean air and wind, the heat would be better tolerated.

Who is at risk in weather like this?

In healthy people, adaptation to the heat should go well: a person can concentrate and go about his business. But if someone has problems with organ systems, then the heat is tolerated worse: drowsiness, weakness, dizziness may appear.

People suffering from low or high blood pressure are less heat tolerant than healthy people. The fact is that the process of adaptation to high temperatures requires changes in the circulatory system both at the systemic and local levels. If the system is already not working properly, any changes in it lead to a change in well-being much faster.

In addition, all children fall into the risk group, because they have a very narrow range of adaptation to temperatures; older people, as they are the first to suffer circulatory system; pregnant women. Also people with endocrine disorders in which the adrenal glands and the thyroid or pancreas do not work properly, which control metabolism, body temperature and water-salt balance.

If a person does not fall into one of these risk groups and is healthy, but he still has symptoms, then this may indicate the wrong way life: he drinks little water or eats the wrong food. In such a situation, you should listen to your body: if you feel thirsty, then you should drink - preferably cool mineral water.

It is worth noting that some of the effects of heat are absolutely normal and do not indicate any diseases. For example, we are more likely to wake up from sleep in hot weather simply because we are thirsty.

If malaise, weakness, constant sleepiness and oddities with pressure continue for more than two days, you can go to the doctor at the clinic. Although it is better to measure your own pressure yourself: if [indicators] are within your normal range, then you just need to rest. And you need to call an ambulance when you have fainting, a temperature under 40, dry skin, nausea and vomiting.

What to eat, drink and wear in hot weather

Everything is quite simple: if the body asks for something, it needs to be given. It is only important to understand this. If it's hot, you might want to move to a cooler area and stay out of the sun.

I note that the body is unlikely to ask for meat or porridge: it all requires intensive work digestive system, which in such weather is oppressed and digests such food worse. It is better to eat fruits and vegetables that have a lot of liquid and are easier to digest. Yes, we get fewer calories, but in such conditions we need less, because of this, the appetite decreases.

Drinking up to 5 liters of fluid per day is normal: if there is a lot of fluid, then it is much easier for the body to remove excess than to save and save.

It is also important to wear appropriate clothing for the weather. So, things made from natural fabrics do not interfere with heat transfer, unlike clothes made from synthetic materials: polyester, for example, prevents heat transfer. Clothing should also not restrict movement and breathing.

What not to do in the heat: four myths

You definitely don't need to drink alcohol. It causes changes that are generally not consistent with the body's adaptations to heat. Alcohol, for example, dilates the blood vessels of the skin, but increases the heart rate and reduces the adequacy of behavioral responses. In addition, you should not drink coffee, because it increases blood pressure.

On the Internet you can find a lot of advice and folk remedies what to do during the heat. And there are surprisingly few inadequate recommendations. For example, on the website of Channel One they say that you need to rub thumbs earlobes. scientific explanation it doesn't, but it doesn't lead to negative consequences. For such cases in medicine there is a rule: "If it works, it works."

At the same time, there are a number modern myths worth discussing:

Do not apply cold compresses immediately after a heat wave

Actually, you can. And you need it if you overheated under the sun. But you don’t need to immediately rush into the ice bath, it’s true - especially if there are chronic diseases circulatory system.

The fan does not help to ventilate the room, but simply drives warm air

The fan does not really help to ventilate, but it still makes sense: it increases the efficiency of evaporation on the surface of the skin. Evaporation is faster - it's easier for us to cool down.

Windows should be closed during the day so as not to let out the cold air that ended up in the apartment at night.

This does not apply to every room, it depends on the area. In general, you need to focus on your feelings: adapt to stuffiness (that is, to elevated content carbon dioxide in the air) is heavier than at elevated temperatures. Therefore, the freshness of the air is a priority, and, in my opinion, the windows can be kept open at all times for ventilation.

You can not drink too much water - it will be more difficult for the kidneys to cope

We have already discussed this. A person is not recommended to drink a lot of water in short span time, especially after intensive exercise. It is worth drinking water in small portions (up to 500 ml) evenly throughout the day, focusing on the feeling of thirst.

How people coped with the heat throughout history

If we consider the people of the XVIII century, they perceived the heat in the same way as we do. Since that time, only the attitude to clothing has changed: girls no longer wear slimming corsets, and men can rarely wear several layers of clothing. Since we have evolved for millions of years, it is rather worth talking about a different perception of temperatures by people who lived 2 million years ago.

Global warming, which is getting hotter, is unlikely to affect us as specific individuals. For the average person, a change in temperature by half a degree is practically not noticeable. But it affects humanity as a whole as a species. For the planet, this will have deeper implications.

However global warming may be more difficult to tolerate by animals that do not have such powerful self-regulatory mechanisms. That is, not mammals and insects. For frogs and snakes, for example, this is of greater importance: the time of hibernation can go astray, entry into anabiosis.

It is worth noting that humans tolerate heat differently than many other mammals. Since we do not have wool, we can give off heat through the entire surface of the body. And, for example, dogs can give off heat only through their ears and tongue, so their behavioral mechanisms turn on: they become less active, look for shade, quicken their breathing in order to lose more heat; their metabolism decreases.

Cover photo: Valya Yegorshin

People say that the heat of the bones does not hurt, but in fact it turns out that hot weather can become a situation close to extreme for a person. Heat affects all body processes, and it is important to know how to minimize this effect.

temperature records

The effect of heat on a person has always been of interest to people. During the experiments, it was found that a person is able to withstand a temperature of 71 ° C for one hour. 49 minutes to withstand a temperature of 82°C, 33 minutes to a temperature of 93°C and only 26 minutes to a temperature of 104°C. For the purity of the experiment, the measurements were carried out in dry air.

The maximum temperature at which a person can breathe evenly is 116 ° C.

However, in history there were cases when people withstood more than high temperatures. So, in 1764, the French physician Tillet provided the Paris Academy of Sciences with data on one woman who was in an oven with a temperature of 132 ° C for 12 minutes.

In 1828, a 14-minute stay of a man in a furnace with a temperature of 170 ° C was documented, and in 1958 in Belgium a man was in a heat chamber with a temperature of 200 ° C.

In wadded clothing, a person can withstand temperatures up to 270 ° C, without clothes - 210 ° C.

In the aquatic environment, human resistance to high-temperature experiments is lower. In Turkey, one man plunged headlong into a cauldron of water heated to 70°C.

Heat and heart

Doctors note that the most serious blow during extreme heat exposed to the human cardiovascular system. At elevated air temperatures, the heart begins to work harder, the pulse quickens, the blood vessels dilate, and blood pressure often drops.

In the heat, the body loses a lot of fluid, and with it - mineral salts. At the same time, potassium and magnesium, the deficiency of which is especially acute in the heat, are necessary for the work of the heart and maintaining the heart rhythm.

Another consequence of dehydration is blood clots. In tandem with low blood pressure, this increases the risk of blood clots.

Sweat in three streams

The body's first reaction to heat is sweating. This is how thermoregulation occurs. In this respect, we are lucky - in animals sweat glands are poorly developed and thermoregulation in them occurs mainly through the mouth. The intensity of the cooling of the body in the heat directly depends on the volume and rate of evaporation of sweat from the surface of the body.

In addition, through sebaceous glands also stand out fatty substances which also contributes to more efficient sweating.

Dehydration of the body, lack of water is not the main problem. The main thing is that along with sweat, the body loses salts and minerals. Their deficiency directly affects cardiovascular system and the functionality of the brain.

Dehydration in the heat directly depends on the level of activity of a person. At intensive work or playing sports, moisture loss can be 5-6 liters. When walking in the open sun, perspiration increases twice, while running - 4-6 times.

Seriously affects well-being not only fever but also humidity. A temperature of 40°C and a relative humidity of 30% is perceived by the body in the same way as a temperature of 30°C and a humidity of 80%.

Heat and level of aggression

Heat affects not only the physiology of a person, but also his psyche. And it has a negative effect. Doctor psychological sciences David Myers studied the crime rate in six US states and established the following trend: a temperature increase of only two degrees will seriously increase the aggression in society.

According to Myers, every year cases aggressive behavior there will be 50,000 more citizens.

The most critical and aggressive temperature, according to Myers, is 27-30 degrees. If the temperature is less than 27 ° C, then a person successfully copes with it; if the temperature is above 30°C and approaches 40°C, then there is no time for aggression. The body in such hell spends a lot of energy on maintaining homeostasis (constancy internal environment) and the person turns on the "energy saving mode".

What to do?

Must be worn in hot weather the right clothes. Ideally, it should be loose-fitting and cover the entire body (remember the Bedouin robes).

Shorts and a T-shirt are, of course, good, but this bow is not suitable for a long stay in the sun. Large open areas of the body can provoke not only thermal, but also sunstroke You can also get sunburn.

Especially in the heat you need to take care of your head. Panamas, hats and caps in light colors will be just right. Ideally - a turban or scarves, like the Bedouins. Of course, you need to drink a lot. And not necessarily water. Unsweetened juices, decoctions of wild rose, linden or thyme, water with lemon, compotes are well saved from dehydration. Since salts come out with sweat, it is good to quench your thirst in the heat of non-carbonated mineral water and isotonics, which will restore the water-salt balance. Alcohol must be avoided. It will only increase dehydration.

Spot cryotherapy can help - applying cold objects to the lymph nodes, hands and behind the ears.

In jura, one should avoid heavy food, do not eat fried, fatty meat, salty foods (salt retains water in the body and impairs heat transfer). Eat fresh fruits, vegetables, little by little, but often, 5-6 times a day. Doctors strongly recommend that heart patients carry medicines, such as "Corvalol", "Validol" and "Nitroglycerin".

When the thermometer on the street shows 30 degrees of heat and above, human health problems may arise. Shortness of breath, dizziness, increased heart rate, chest tightness are signs of increased stress on the blood vessels and heart. People with cardiovascular diseases are most vulnerable in hot, dry weather.

The reaction of the heart to high temperatures:

capillaries expand;
pressure drops or rises;
pulse beats increase;
limbs swell;
reddening of the skin.

Particularly negative effect on the body sharp drops temperatures. The body loses a lot in the summer heat minerals that come out with sweat. Magnesium, potassium are responsible for the stable functioning of the heart, so their deficiency affects heart rate. Thermoregulation - the body's response to heat, begins to sweat profusely. With sweat, fat is secreted through the sebaceous glands. The rate of cooling of the body depends on how quickly evaporation occurs.

When dehydrated, the blood becomes thicker, the pressure drops, which leads to the formation of blood clots. High temperature causes attacks of tachycardia. Up to 27 degrees a person calmly endures weather, over 30-40 degrees, problems with the cardiac system begin.

Who is at risk

Heat can negatively affect a certain category of people:

hypertensive patients;
people with ischemic disease;
men over 45 years of age;
women during and after menopause;
people who smoke and those who drink alcohol;
on persons leading sedentary image life;
With overweight;
pregnant women;
lovers of fatty, salty foods;
those who are stressed;
gardeners who work daily at the dacha at noon;
age category over 60 years;
with endocrine disorders, diseases of the kidneys, lungs, diabetes mellitus.

How to protect your heart in summer

It is not recommended to be present on the street in the sun from 12 to 16 hours of the day. If you feel dizzy, then it is better to find a shaded place or a room where you can relax, catch your breath, drink water. Proper nutrition, rejection bad habits, cool baths, plentiful drink- favorably affects the cardiac system.

Do I need to drink a lot

Summer dry air makes a person constantly sweat, he loses a lot of moisture. Mineral water, compotes, juices, herbal teas, milk, whey - these drinks replenish the mineral reserve of the body, they contribute to blood thinning. You can’t drink a lot at once, this can provoke a pressure surge. They take small sips, slowly, intermittently. Two liters of drinks - daily rate liquids.

The amount of fluid you drink depends on physical activity, the duration of stay in open areas and on the individual rate of water consumption. If the movements are active, on the street + 33 and above, then sweating increases, the amount of fluid can exceed 3 liters per day.

What to do in the heat

Deal with difficulties in summer days The following tips will help:

give up alcohol, smoking, coffee, strong black tea;
do not leave the house unnecessarily;
carry out wet cleaning more often in the apartment so that the humidity in the room does not fall below 50%;
take a shower at a temperature of 25-35 C *, hot water unacceptable, it can increase the load on the heart;
smoked, fried meat dishes, pork, fast-feet, salty foods, spices - lead to the accumulation of salts, which overloads the heart muscle;
parsley, dill, celery, fruits and vegetables are good for cores;
it is better for the elderly and hypertensive patients to refrain from sunbathing during the solstice;
two, three times a day, lower your legs into a bowl with a decoction of chamomile, mint, lemon balm, or drip oil into a bowl of these herbs;
in case of weakness - grease the bend of the elbow with cinnamon, mint, rosemary oil.

Attention!

If it became bad: nausea, dizziness, pain in chest area a doctor should be called immediately.

What to do to the cores in the heat

In the summer, people with heart disease should not skip medication. If you feel worse, you need to consult a doctor who will prescribe medication.

For pain in the area chest, under the tongue, you can put a nitroglycerin tablet, take aspirin to thin the blood. This will prevent a heart attack or stroke.

Set aside on hot days physical activities, lifting heavy objects. You can not be long in a bent state upside down. When, for example, work is carried out on a personal plot, and the time spent in the garden in the sun exceeds 60 minutes. In this case, the outflow of blood is disturbed, there is an increase in pressure, loss of consciousness. There is a vasospasm, which leads to severe complications.

Hypertensive patients should always wear a blood pressure monitor. If it is not available, you can contact the nearest pharmacy for help. Pressure is measured on hot days 3-4 times a day. There should always be drugs in the purse: validol, nitroglycerin, valocordin. Be sure to carry a bottle of water with you, preferably mineral without gases.

For the core main enemy- salt. It retains moisture in the body, because of this, pressure rises. The norm per day is 4-5 g of salt.

Core first aid kit: aspirin, anaprilin, nitroglycerin, verapamil, corvalol, validol, barboval. Need vitamins, probiotics, enzyme preparations. All medicines are taken as prescribed by a cardiologist, strictly according to the instructions, observing the dosage.

Attention!

Drinking regime the patient must coordinate with the attending physician and adjust the treatment with him for the summer period.

It became bad in sunny weather, what to do

It is necessary to help the victim of the heat with the following symptoms:

fatigue, weakness;
nausea;
headache;
noise or ringing in the ears;
body temperature rises;
rapid breathing, rapid pulse;
loss of consciousness.

remove or take out the victim from a sunny place in a shade or cool room;
raise your head, unfasten buttons, remove tight clothes, release your chest;
wet the head and other parts of the body, you can cover the patient with a wet sheet;
impose cold compress on the frontal part;
if a person is conscious, be sure to give him a drink;
give valerian - 20 drops per 70 ml of water or a drug prescribed by a doctor;
call a doctor.

If the victim does not come to his senses, bring a cotton swab dipped in ammonia. There is no reaction, you need to do artificial respiration.

If there was an attack at home and there is no one around, then you need to take action:

If there is pain, a feeling of tightness in the chest, when shortness of breath, weakness or pain in the head occurs, it is necessary to stop any physical work and lay down.
Loosen tight clothing around your chest.
Put a wet cloth on the frontal part of the head and chest.
Take 30-40 drops of Corvalol.
If the pain does not subside for more than 10 minutes, take nitroglycerin (chew it), call an ambulance.

How to protect the lungs and heart in the heat

During a sunstroke, blood vessels dilate, blood flows to the head. If the vessel bursts, hemorrhage may occur. You will need the help of doctors to prevent complications and disorders in the nervous system.

Wear clothes made from light natural fabrics. Do not wear tight or tight clothing.
Don't take off your hat Sunglasses.
Take with you the medicines prescribed by the doctor, take them in accordance with the instructions. Carry a first aid kit to the beach, do not forget to take it on the road.
Have water with you, which you can not only drink, but also pour over if necessary.
Stay in the sun for no more than 20 minutes.
Hearts should not be in the sun for a long time, especially on the beach, at high temperatures for more than 2 hours, the likelihood of respiratory spasms and cardiac arrest increases.
While taking antibiotics, it is not recommended to stay in sunny open areas for a long time.
In summer cottages, work no more than 45 minutes during rush hour, then take a 20-minute break. It is best to cultivate the land in the morning or evening hours.
At home, use air conditioning or a fan.
Ventilate the room, humidify the air in the apartment.
Not to drink alcoholic drinks, Do not smoke.
Drink drinks cold.
Wiping with a wet towel, shower, foot baths.
Do not overload the stomach with heavy food.
Avoid stress, try not to be nervous.

Summer is a vacation period, it is advisable to follow the weather forecast, especially if a vacation is planned. Minimize trips to public transport, overheating and stuffiness will negatively affect the heart. Do not leave the house unnecessarily in the heat and follow the recommendations of your doctor.

Although weather forecasters do not predict heat for the coming days, it will definitely come. Even if for a few days, but you need to be fully armed. People say that the heat of the bones does not hurt, but in fact it turns out that hot weather can become a situation close to extreme for a person. Heat affects all body processes, and it is important to know how to minimize this effect.

temperature records

The maximum temperature at which a person can breathe evenly is 116 ° C.

However, in history there were cases when people withstood even higher temperatures. So, in 1764, the French physician Tillet provided the Paris Academy of Sciences with data on one woman who was in an oven with a temperature of 132 ° C for 12 minutes.

In 1828, a 14-minute stay of a man in a furnace with a temperature of 170 ° C was documented, and in 1958 in Belgium a man was in a heat chamber with a temperature of 200 ° C.

In wadded clothing, a person can withstand temperatures up to 270 ° C, without clothes - 210 ° C.

In the aquatic environment, human resistance to high-temperature experiments is lower. In Turkey, one man plunged headlong into a cauldron of water heated to 70°C.

Heat and heart

Doctors note that the human cardiovascular system is subjected to the most serious blow during extreme heat. At elevated air temperatures, the heart begins to work harder, the pulse quickens, the blood vessels dilate, and blood pressure often drops.

Another consequence of dehydration is blood clots. In tandem with low blood pressure, this increases the risk of blood clots.

Sweat in three streams

The body's first reaction to heat is sweating. This is how thermoregulation occurs. In this regard, we are lucky - in animals, the sweat glands are poorly developed and thermoregulation in them occurs mainly through the mouth.
The intensity of the cooling of the body in the heat directly depends on the volume and rate of evaporation of sweat from the surface of the body.

In addition, fatty substances are also secreted through the sebaceous glands, which also contributes to more efficient sweating.

Dehydration of the body, lack of water is not the main problem. The main thing is that along with sweat, the body loses salts and minerals. Their deficiency directly affects the cardiovascular system and the functionality of the brain.

Dehydration in the heat directly depends on the level of activity of a person. With intensive work or sports, moisture loss can be 5-6 liters. When walking in the open sun, perspiration increases twice, while running - 4-6 times.

Not only high temperature, but also humidity seriously affects well-being. A temperature of 40°C and a relative humidity of 30% is perceived by the body in the same way as a temperature of 30°C and a humidity of 80%.

Heat and level of aggression

Heat affects not only the physiology of a person, but also his psyche. And it has a negative effect. Doctor of Psychology David Myers studied the crime rate in six US states and established the following trend: a temperature increase of only two degrees will seriously increase aggression in society.

According to Myers, every year there will be 50,000 more cases of violent behavior among citizens.

The most critical and aggressive temperature, according to Myers, is 27-30 degrees. If the temperature is less than 27 ° C, then a person successfully copes with it; if the temperature is above 30°C and approaches 40°C, then there is no time for aggression. The body in such hell spends a lot of energy on maintaining homeostasis (the constancy of the internal environment) and a person turns on an “energy-saving mode”.

What to do?

When it's hot, you need to wear the right clothes. Ideally, it should be loose-fitting and cover the entire body (remember the Bedouin robes).

Shorts and a T-shirt are, of course, good, but this bow is not suitable for a long stay in the sun. Large open areas of the body can provoke not only heatstroke, but also sunstroke, you can also get a sunburn.

Especially in the heat you need to take care of your head. Panamas, hats and caps in light colors will be just right. Ideally - a turban or scarves, like the Bedouins.
Of course, you need to drink a lot. And not necessarily water. Unsweetened juices, decoctions of wild rose, linden or thyme, water with lemon, compotes are well saved from dehydration. Since salts come out with sweat, it is good to quench your thirst in the heat with non-carbonated mineral water and isotonics, which will restore the water-salt balance. Alcohol must be avoided. It will only increase dehydration.

Spot cryotherapy can help - applying cold objects to the lymph nodes, hands and behind the ears.

In jura, one should avoid heavy food, do not eat fried, fatty meat, salty foods (salt retains water in the body and impairs heat transfer). Eat fresh fruits, vegetables, little by little, but often, 5-6 times a day. Doctors strongly recommend that heart patients carry medicines such as Corvalol, Validol and Nitroglycerin with them.