What happens when adrenaline is released into the body. Symptoms of an increase and decrease in the level of adrenaline in the blood. In anxious anticipation

Every person in life happens situations when he is attacked by fear. Someone was almost run over by a car, another almost fell off a roof or balcony, a third caught a child falling on the rails under the train. At this time, something happens to the body, because of which we are able to jump over a two-meter fence or jump on the bandwagon of a departing tram. We are helped by fear, or rather adrenaline (epinephrine). What is adrenaline and how it works, what is it for, we will understand in this article.

Secretion and functions

The adrenal glands produce the fear hormone adrenaline in the body. This happens in a person at a time of stress. In an unexpected, exciting situation, a substance is released that excites a and b-adrenergic receptors located in different bodies and body tissues.

As a result, the hormone dilates the vessels of the brain, and narrows other vessels of the body. At the same time, blood pressure rises, the skin turns pale, the pupils of the eyes dilate, the heart begins to beat quickly and loudly. The mechanism of action of adrenaline is that the danger signal is received by the hypothalamus - essential part brain. The hypothalamus instantly redirects the message to the adrenal medulla, which responds with a surge of the hormone. Why is this needed?

Epinephrine enters all organs and tissues, developing a person's readiness to respond to a stressful situation. Not always extreme situations end happily, but the people who survived were helped by the action of adrenaline, this is obvious. It affected the brain, stimulating it to make an instant decision on how to behave in the event of a danger to life. The hormone belongs to catecholamines.

In conditions of work associated with danger, adrenaline is produced in the body permanently. It helps build skeletal muscles, increase myocardium. The hormone stimulates an increase in protein metabolism. This requires high-calorie nutrition, otherwise there will be exhaustion and loss of strength, accompanied by weakening of the muscles. The increase in heart rate with the release of epinephrine contributes to the wear and tear of the heart muscle if the stress is prolonged.

The hormone enters the blood, activating the ability of all organs to work in a critical situation. Treatment with adrenaline is based on this. When the operation stops internal systems The life support doctor injects the patient with epinephrine, and the system starts up. But the action of the hormone lasts only 5 minutes. During this time, the resuscitator must take measures to save the patient.

Adrenaline in the body also gives us a "second wind". It would seem that the runner on the track, the mother of many children on a walk, the loader carrying heavy bags no longer has the strength left, and suddenly a second wind comes. This means that a person has released a hormone into the blood.

Sensations during the release of the hormone

Feelings depend on the physiology and psychology of a particular person. Many experience fear when adrenaline is released. Their palms sweat, their knees become “cottoned”, their foreheads become covered with cold sweat. In others, the heart beats loudly, the face turns pale, a pulsation is felt in the temples. Someone is dizzy, someone has an unusual clarity of thought and muscle tension. Sometimes all these sensations are grouped in various variations.

Many young people, especially for a surge of adrenaline, go in for traumatic sports - freestyle, skydiving, skiing, windsurfing, hang gliding. These people, who know how to get adrenaline, at the moment of danger feel the feeling of flight, the rise of passions, the intoxicating feeling of controlling their body and defeating the elements.

The interaction of the hormone with human organs and physiological systems

The action of adrenaline on the body brings both benefits and significant harm, depending on the duration of the stressful situation. Emotions aside, this is what adrenaline does in the human body:

• The effect of adrenaline on the heart is to increase the contraction of the heart muscle. At the same time, the pulse speeds up. But strengthening the muscle that pumps blood can give rise to an arrhythmic heartbeat. Increases in blood pressure. In this case, the activity of the heart is inhibited, bradycardia occurs. That is, the initial effect on the heart is stimulating, then inhibitory.
• This hormone affects the nervous system, activating it. Increased degree of wakefulness, mental and physical activity. Feelings of restlessness and anxiety may occur. The hypothalamus at the time of stress increases the amount of cortisol in the heme, which contributes to the adaptation of a person to ordinary life situations.
• The hormone stimulates metabolism, increasing the content of some substances in the body and reducing the volume of others. Produced in the hemolymph increased amount glucose, the degree of exposure to glycolytic enzymes increases. The hormone increases the destruction of fats, reduces the generation of lipids, enhances protein metabolism.
• Smooth muscles are exposed to various effects from adrenaline, which depends on the type of adrenergic receptors contained in it. The tissues of the respiratory tract and intestines lose tension.
• Skeletal muscle builds up if persistently elevated epinephrine levels are caused by daily heavy physical work. At increased metabolism protein is depleted.
• The hormone has a hemostatic effect on the blood vessels. This is due to an increase in platelet activity under the influence of epinephrine and the fact that epinephrine constricts small capillaries.

Adrenaline is a strong hormone that influences the secretion of other substances of the same class. Due to the properties of epinephrine, the amount of serotonin, histanin, kinins and other mediators that inhibit allergic reactions in the hemolymph increases. These substances are produced with the help of adrenaline from mast cells.

The hormone also promotes anti-inflammatory processes. It takes part in the prevention of swelling of the mucous membranes.

The benefits of the hormone for people

The benefit of epinephrine is obvious only when its bursts occur in isolated life situations associated with stress. How adrenaline works in extreme cases:

• Accelerates the response of a person to an instantaneous difficult situation. Activated peripheral vision which makes it possible to see the ways of salvation.
• stimulated muscular system. A person is able to run 2 times faster, jump 2 times higher and further, lift weights more than their own weight.
• Increased dynamism and initiative thinking. Logic instantly works, memory is actively connected, the brain suggests non-standard solutions.
• The airways quickly fill with more oxygen, which also helps to endure huge physical exertion.
• Increasing pain threshold. This contributes to the continuation of activities at a critical moment when it is impossible to quit work. For example, when skiing, hang gliding or snowboarding after an injury, when pain interferes with physical actions to save a life. Raising the pain threshold reduces tension in the heart muscle and central nervous system.

After a shocking adventure, it turns out that the person who endured it is terribly tired and hungry. This is an understandable state. You need to eat well and rest. Overweight after stress will not increase.

Doctors sometimes use the effects of adrenaline by injecting a patient with epinephrine ( active substance adrenaline) to protect him from pain shock. During clinical death adrenaline is injected into the heart during surgery to resuscitate the patient. During pregnancy in women, the hormone is prescribed only in last resort, if we are talking about saving the life of a future mother.

The harm of the hormone of fear

As already noted, adrenaline in our blood in constant critical situations is harmful. It is impossible, speaking about the functions of adrenaline, not to say about the following:

• Raise blood pressure above the norm;
• constriction blood vessels and the formation of platelets also negatively affects health;
• Depletion of the brain cells of the adrenal glands;
• Adrenal insufficiency can initiate cardiac arrest;
• A permanently overestimated value of epinephrine in the body threatens with a stomach ulcer;
• Habitual stress and adrenaline production can cause chronic depression.

To suppress the action of adrenaline in the body's hemolymph, it is secreted. Its release also occurs under the influence of non-standard situations in life, but norepinephrine manifests itself by causing apathy in humans, muscle relaxation, and fatigue. This hormone protects our body from overexertion.

A specialist may order a blood test for adrenaline as part of a catecholamine test. This happens when you suspect neoplastic diseases adrenal and nervous tissue, as well as at endocrine disorders and to determine the causes of BP hypertension. What level of the hormone is normal is indicated in the right column on the form of the result of the study.

What to do with a surge of adrenaline?

If the produced hormone is not associated with an acute life situation, hard work, extreme event, the body needs to “throw out emotions”. Under the influence of adrenaline, a state of irritation and physical malaise is formed. When you feel the above signs of an increase in adrenaline, proceed as follows:

1. Lie down on a bed or sit in a chair so that you are comfortable;
2. Breathe with all your might - inhale through the nostrils for “one”, exhale from the mouth for “1-2-3-4”;
3. Think fun, engage in self-persuasion that you are all right.

If these measures do not help, drink 2 tablets of valerian or motherwort. At frequent stress yoga classes, relaxation exercises help people. Your doctor may prescribe norepinephrine injections.

Leisure

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In a series of gray everyday life, it is so easy to lose interest in life, sometimes the soul literally requires adventure. Where to test yourself, face your fears and heroically overcome them? Localway presents a selection of ten places with the most extreme entertainment in Moscow.

The railway bridge in Manihino is an imposing 25-meter structure, which has long been chosen by rope jumpers. The reason for such success among fans of extreme sports lies in the favorable location in relation to Moscow and picturesque views of the surroundings. But the height of the structure seems to be insufficient for longtime fans of rope jumping, so this place is of particular interest to inexperienced beginners.

The bridge is still used for its intended purpose, so from time to time the rope jumpers have to hide from passing trains on the protruding "safety platform". Workers can also interfere with jumps railway. Nevertheless, all these difficulties do not in the least frighten extreme sportsmen, among whom there are both loners and participants in group training sessions under the guidance of professionals. Among the companies that offer those who wish to experience the beauty of free fall are Exit, EAAT, Let’s Fly.

Almost every weekend, the bridge in Manihino is attacked by dozens of young people who are attracted by the good characteristics of the object for jumping with a rope.

Bunker-42 on Taganka was built in case of a nuclear strike, for a long time was a classified object, and now it is a rather unusual museum. The bunker makes such a mysterious and sometimes frightening impression that one of the episodes of the “Battle of Psychics” program was even filmed here.

In addition to museum tours, which are held not only during the day, but also at night (especially for those who want to tickle their nerves), laser tag and airsoft games are organized in the bunker. There are several thematic options to choose from: "Confrontation", "Zombie Apocalypse" with real monsters as opponents, "Crazy Professor" and "Bunker Quest". In addition, a program has been developed heightened danger"Stay alive", in which only the most real extreme people can take part. People with an unbalanced psyche and persons under the age of 18 are not allowed.

From time to time Bunker-42 on Taganka organizes interactive activities. One of them was held on the night before the supposed end of the world and included a ghost chase and many extreme challenges.

The Skycenter parachuting club is based at the airfield near Pushchino, which has a good location, an impressive fleet of aircraft and developed infrastructure. In addition, the center boasts a good teaching staff - the leader of the jumps, for example, is the champion of the USSR, and one of the instructors is a Guinness record holder.

The club specializes in two areas - conducting parachute flights for beginners and training future professionals. For beginner skydivers, the center is of particular interest because the pre-jump training here is valid for 3 days. Therefore, after passing detailed briefing when bad weather, deterioration of well-being or simply strong fear you can reschedule the flight to another day. As for professional athletes, experienced pilots warn of a very picky medical examination at the club.

Thematic events are often held on the territory of Skycenter: open song evenings, training camps in the wingsuit formation class, group acrobatics seminars.

sky center

D. Bolshoe Gryzlovo

The Surf-Point kitesurfing school has a base on the shore of Lake Pleshcheyevo, which has a shallow depth and is therefore ideal for learning. Among other advantages of this place, experienced lovers of extreme sports call a smooth and stable wind, which not every reservoir near Moscow can boast of.

The founder and head of the school is the world champion in snowkiting Oleg Cherkashin, so the club is especially active in developing the directions of kitesurfing and snowkiting. The training takes place according to the three-stage international IKO system, which guarantees the receipt of certificates valid throughout the world and complete safety in training. The center is also popular among fans of water extreme sports because it offers accommodation in cozy rooms, and also provides an opportunity to set up tents nearby.

The Surf-Point Club is working to create a positive friendly atmosphere and therefore regularly holds festive meetings at its own base in the Moscow region, and also organizes joint trips to Tarifa (Spain) and the Krasnodar Territory.

Air Horse Flight Club is based near Sergiev Posad and operates under the guidance of Mikhail Astakhov, an experienced instructor who has been involved in various areas of aviation for more than 15 years.

Since the director of the club is also a professional photographer and journalist, LTK also offers aerial photography services. However, the main direction is training in piloting paragliders, paragliders, paramotors, hang gliders and hang gliders. Some of aircraft, which you can meet in the club, are so ultra-light and compact that they fit in a backpack. Price full course Classes are rather big and include the rental of equipment suitable in size, the services of experienced instructors, as well as nice extras, for example, a thermos with hot tea and a waterproof awning.

LTK "Air Horse" is actively involved in lawmaking - thanks to the center, the Ministry of Transport of Russia canceled state registration for aircraft lighter than 115 kg.

Russian center STUNT was originally a scuba diving section with a small department that specialized in custom aqua stunts for movies and shows. Then the number of directions expanded significantly, and the club became the first stunt school in Russia.

The head of the center, like many years ago, is Yuri Salnikov. He is widely known in certain circles for performing stunts in such well-known films as "Crew", "Eternal Call", "We are from Jazz", "Tehran-43" and "Police Academy 7". The experience of the club director allowed to develop comprehensive program training in stunt skills for 24 months. This course is free of charge for children living in the territory. Central District. For adults, many stunt training courses are open: auto, moto, equestrian, water, air, climbing.

Valdis Pelsh, Katya Lel, Rodion Gazmanov, Nikolai Korovin and many other well-known media personalities were trained at the TRUK center, and most of the school's graduates regularly participate in filming films and show programs.

The club "First flight" organizes training for beginners in aviation sports and experienced athletes. Established in 2009, the same year the center became the main technical partner of the Russian Championship - more than 90% of the participants competed on the club's aircraft.

The school is actively working not only with professionals, but also with those who are not yet even aware of their love for air sports - demonstration flights are organized in order to reveal warm feelings for the sky. Among the members of the club there are many eminent athletes, for example, world champion Svetlana Kapanina and Honored Master of Sports Viktor Chmal. They are part of the First Flight aerobatic team, the only one in Russia that performs on Yak-52 and Yak-54 piston aircraft. All kinds of turns, spirals, turns and other elements of the program are demonstrated by the team members on themed holidays, opening ceremonies of all-Russian championships and the International Aviation and Space Salon.

The First Flight Club offers unusual corporate events with flights, a festive air show, trial lessons in aircraft control and a buffet table.

MosZorb has the only stationary zorbing track in the capital, which reaches 78 meters in length. Unlike other similar clubs, the studio does not organize one-time trips for descent from hills and other heights, but offers its services all year round.

The track is open only in good weather - in the presence of heavy snowfalls, rains, hurricanes, riding zorbs is strictly prohibited. Since the attraction is an extreme direction, persons over 18 years old (or teenagers from 14 years old accompanied by their parents) are allowed to descend without serious illnesses. Especially for those who want to keep a documentary evidence of their adventure, the club offers to shoot a video using a GoPro Hero 3+Black Edition camera.

Today, most people are in a state of constant combat readiness almost every day. It's kind of a feature of modern life. The constant influx of adrenaline produced by the adrenal glands) causes an effect on the body similar to that of drugs.

Adrenaline is a very powerful hormone, the action of which is multifaceted: it sharpens vision, promotes concentration, increases blood pressure, speeds up the heartbeat. At short-term stress adrenaline rush is beneficial. For example, thanks to him, a person is able in a state of danger to behave more collectedly and boldly, to be more decisive than under normal circumstances. However, after every strong burst of activity, a state of severe fatigue. Therefore, it is necessary in such circumstances to give the body a break.

With prolonged stress, the hormone enters the bloodstream constantly. In this case, the release of adrenaline has a devastating effect on the entire body. Unresolved stress leads to high blood pressure and the pulse turns into chronic condition. Blood sugar rises and fatty acids(triglycerides). The blood becomes more prone to clotting, leading to the formation of blood clots. More cholesterol begins to be produced.

In general, the release of adrenaline fills a person with special energy, strength, increases endurance and performance. The hormone causes strong emotions that are not controlled by the mind. At this time everything metabolic processes are accelerated dozens of times compared to the usual state, reaching the level of catabolic decay. That is why fats are instantly burned, which under normal conditions would take 100 times more time.

Often referred to as adrenaline. Its production begins with any excitement or strong physical exertion. This hormone increases the permeability of cell membranes for the penetration of glucose into them and enhances the breakdown of fats and glycogen.

Adrenaline (a hormone) helps even very tired muscles quickly return to their normal tone. In situations where a person is exposed to any of such reactions as mental stress, fear, anger, the level of adrenaline in the blood instantly rises. Stress data passes through the senses, then goes to the brain, where the “relay station” is located - the hypothalamus, and within a few seconds the signal reaches the adrenal glands, which begin to intensively produce the hormone.

The question of how to increase adrenaline sometimes arises in various life situations. For example, if a person is experiencing not the most best moments his life, suffers from depression or is in a depressed, oppressed state, he needs by artificial means to achieve the release of adrenaline into the blood in order to neutralize the negative.

For this, you should not use psychotropic substances, such as drugs, alcohol and others. It is better to resort to more healthy and justified means. As well as possible, sports help in this matter, especially extreme sports: rafting on a mountain river, kayaks, snowboarding, diving, surfing, etc.

Contribute to the production of adrenaline hiking in the mountains or any other way to rise to a height. In this case, attractions in parks (swings that fly up sharply; roller coasters; Ferris wheel) do their job perfectly. You can try skydiving.

It is possible to provoke the release of adrenaline with the help of synthetic drugs. In medicine, they are used for various shock conditions, bronchospasm, and excessive allergic reactions, bleeding, severe asystole, heart surgery, kidney failure, priapism, hypoglycemia, to enhance the action of anesthetics. Such drugs can only be prescribed by a professional.

The release of adrenaline (epinephrine) is caused by stressful situations that occur in our lives. Anxiety, worries, a sense of danger and fear - all this triggers a surge of the hormone in the body: whether it's a parachute jump, an attack in a dark alley, or a cat that suddenly rushes under your feet.

When the state normalizes and the brain gives the command that there is nothing to worry about, it goes into decline. But have you ever thought about what the release of adrenaline entails, is it exclusively beneficial or irreparable harm is possible?

The adrenaline hormone jumps not only when someone or something really threatens a person’s life. External aggressive environment or nervous work cause a person to constantly be in a stressful state. This exhausts the body, causing the release of adrenaline, so it is important to be able to abstract and relax. Relaxation techniques successfully cope with this mission. For greater efficiency, it is recommended to proceed to action immediately, after the first signs appear.

This reaction has accompanying sensations that can be used to recognize a hormonal surge. Symptoms of an adrenaline rush:

• Cardiopalmus. As a rule, in response to stress, the heart begins to beat more intensely.
• Dyspnea. Especially noticeable in those who do not suffer similar ailment in habitual life. Feeling short of breath, rapid breathing, inability to deep breath.
• Increased sweating. Areas particularly prone to this manifestation are the armpits and palms.
• Reduced vision. For some time there is a deterioration in vision, objects around may become blurry or foggy.
• headaches and pain in the chest area.
• Fatigue caused by sleep disorders, in particular insomnia.

Symptoms enough general, however, knowing them, it can be assumed that an adrenaline rush will soon occur. The more often it comes similar situation, topics better man recognizes his feelings and understands what will happen in a matter of moments.

Proven Ways to Relax

In fact, there are many such ways. Feeling a wave of adrenaline, it is recommended to focus on breathing. Focus not on what created the stress, but on how to breathe correctly. Calmness will not take long. Focus on inhaling and exhaling alternately. Making it deep inhale with lungs, linger literally for 5-7 seconds, then exhale calmly and measuredly.

Continue this exercise until you feel relieved and calm. This really helps, because by switching attention to breathing, you stop assessing the situation from the point of view of possible danger. Brain stops feeding SOS signal cells that synthesize the hormone adrenaline and are responsible for the surge of adrenaline into the blood.

The next method is impossibly simple and, for sure, you are well aware of - just count to 20. The secret of success is similar to the method described above, the value is in transferring attention to another activity.

Doctors advise with the approaching sensation of a surge of the hormone, move on to relaxing the body. Lie down on a horizontal surface, the floor is best, with your back down. Stretch your limbs, try to calm down. Now, for a couple of seconds, create tension in the body by squeezing the feet. Slowly, slowly unclench and bring the body to the starting position. Wait about 15 seconds and repeat the manipulation again.

It is advisable to start from the bottom and gradually move to other muscle groups: legs, hips, abdomen, arms, shoulders, neck. In this simple way, you will achieve complete relaxation.

A positive attitude is also good for eliminating anxiety. Visualization can work wonders. To lower the amount of the hormone adrenaline in your blood, think of something that will immediately put a smile on your face and make you forget about the stressful situation. Next, move on to the specific problem and reflect on what the desired outcome is. Methodically draw up a plan of action to improve the trouble and act. Psychological relaxation coupled with physical will give a double effect.

Psychologists say that sometimes in order to reduce anxiety, you just need to voice out loud everything that causes anxiety. To formulate thoughts and find “free ears” is already half the solution to a stressful situation. Whether it's a psychologist, a relative, or a close friend, all of these people can help you fix the problem. Firstly, you yourself will be able to more clearly understand the essence of what is happening, and secondly, an unbiased opinion from the outside sometimes opens your eyes, forcing you to look from a different angle.

Lifestyle Correction

The release of the hormone into the blood can occur different reasons, which has already been mentioned. The condition manifests itself with a number of specific symptoms. You can influence the rising level of the hormone through relaxation. However, this is far from the only way. Changes in lifestyle can significantly correct the release of adrenaline, especially if it occurs with enviable regularity.

You can adjust your lifestyle and reduce the number of adrenaline bursts in the following ways:

• get enough sleep;
• practice meditation;
• pay attention to sports;
• eat in a balanced way;
• do your favorite hobbies.

In itself, the emotional discharge that a person experiences with a surge of the adrenaline hormone is essential. This is the so-called alarm clock, which allows you to gather in a stressful situation and redirect all your strengths, skills and abilities to save life.

At the same time, the frequent intake of the hormone adrenaline into the blood runs the risk of turning into adverse effects. Have you ever felt like falling asleep while falling asleep? This is nothing more than a panic attack that occurs when falling asleep. Syndrome panic attack develops due to an overdose of the body with the hormone adrenaline.

Adrenaline and insulin are hormones that have opposite effects. The hormone adrenaline ensures the conversion of glycogen stores into sugar, while insulin accumulates glucose, forming those same reserves. The central nervous system is responsible for the secretion of insulin and adrenaline. nervous system, so every emotional arousal leads to an adrenaline rush that raises blood sugar levels.

If a person is healthy, then at this moment the hormone insulin is connected to the case and lowers the glucose indicator to the required level, designated as normal. But if a person is sick diabetes, then your own insulin can not cope with the load. The patient requires the introduction of exogenous insulin. People whose hormone insulin is produced in smaller volumes than necessary are strongly advised to avoid stress and adrenaline rushes.

Everyone needs to have an idea what adrenaline is and what happens in human body when a hormone is released into the blood, what effect it has on blood pressure and what harm it does.

The essence of this hormone

Adrenaline is the main hormone produced by the adrenal glands. On the English language this organ is called "adrenal", thus giving its name to this substance. It is based on the amino acid tyrosine. However, the presence of this hormone can be found not only in the adrenal glands. It is found throughout the human body - tissues and organs. The action of adrenaline is unique.

Being a stress hormone, it is most actively produced in the event of the appearance of stressful situations, approaching danger, anxiety, fear, in addition, in case of injury, burns and other shock conditions. Adrenaline is a hormone that prepares our body to withstand everything that happens around us. He is able to cheer up, encourages people to action. This effect contributes to an increase in metabolism in tissues. In addition, adrenaline accelerates the breakdown of fats and stops their formation. Since fat is in some way energy, along with it, the hormone improves the performance of skeletal muscles and at the same time increases motor activity.

Once in the blood, it affects all human organs. As a result, the central nervous system is activated, heart contractions become more frequent, the smooth muscles of the bronchi and intestines relax. The hormone contributes to an increase in the number of leukocytes in the blood and an increase in platelet activity.

Action of adrenaline

Once in the blood, it affects almost all organs and systems of the body.

Let's take a closer look at how it affects each system separately.

• The cardiovascular system. Adrenaline in the blood stimulates cardiac adrenergic receptors, which accelerates and enhances muscle contraction. In the process of this, atrioventricular conduction is facilitated and myocardial automatism is increased. These changes can lead to arrhythmia, increased blood pressure and excitation of the centers of the vagus nerves. This slows down the heart muscle. AT this case you can observe the appearance of reflex transient bradycardia.
• Central nervous system. Due to the passage of the hormone through the blood-brain barrier, stimulation of the central nervous system occurs. Adrenaline increases wakefulness, mental activity, vigor. In addition, it mobilizes the psyche, there is a feeling of tension, anxiety, anxiety. It follows that the action of adrenaline is enhanced, which makes the body resistant to shock and stressful situations.
• Metabolism. As a catabolic hormone, adrenaline actively affects the metabolism in the body. So there is an increase in blood sugar, tissue metabolism improves. Affects liver cells, causing glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. In addition, the formation of glycogen in the liver and skeletal muscles slows down, the capture and processing of glucose is activated. From here, glycolytic enzymes are activated, the breakdown of fats increases and the formation of lipids slows down. That's what adrenaline is.

Effect on other systems

• On the smooth muscle the hormone has a different effect, depending on adrenoreceptors.
• Skeletal muscles are under the influence of the trophic action of adrenaline. As a result, the performance of the skeletal muscles improves. When its insignificant accumulations affect the body for a long time, functional muscle hypertrophy occurs. This state is a body adaptation mechanism to long-term prolonged stress, and also helps to endure high physical exertion. With constant exposure to a high concentration of a hormone, increased protein catabolism develops. As a result of this, exhaustion, a decrease in muscle mass, and weight loss occur.
• Adrenaline in the blood stimulates its clotting. This leads to an increase in the number and functional activity platelets. During blood loss, the density of the hormone in the blood increases, which leads to hemostasis. In addition, it entails an increase in the number of leukocytes, which reduces the development of inflammatory reactions.

In addition, adrenaline acts as an anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory agent. Decreased sensitivity of tissues. In addition, the adrenoreceptors of the bronchioles are stimulated, the spasm passes, and the swelling of the mucous membrane is eliminated. What is adrenaline is now clear.

The effect of the hormone on the body

Adrenaline has a wide impact on the human body. With a strong release of the hormone into the blood, diverse emotions are generated. These changes can be both positive and negative.

Positive influence

It is often referred to as the "stress hormone". Thanks to him, the body prepares for the transfer of shock and stressful situations. In connection with the increase in the level of adrenaline in the blood, a person begins to act quite actively, cheerfulness appears and emotionality increases. motor function skeletal muscles become more active.

Adrenaline brings benefits only when its release in large quantities happens occasionally. Consider positive influence hormone in the body as a whole:

1. The person's response to external stimuli, peripheral vision awakens.
2. Due to vasoconstriction and a rush of blood to the main muscle groups, the heart, the lungs, muscle tone increases. In this state, a person is able to raise big weight, handle the distance, run much faster.
3. Adrenaline improves mental abilities, which is expressed in quick decision-making, lightning-fast work of logic, memory activation.
4. When adrenaline is elevated, it helps to expand respiratory tract. Oxygen enters the lungs faster, which contributes to a good transfer of large physical activity helps to calm down in a stressful situation. All this leads to a decrease in the load on the heart.
5. Adrenaline significantly increases the pain threshold, helps to endure shock. Having significant physical injuries, a person, being under the influence of a hormone, is able to continue to carry out any activity, but, unfortunately, not for long. This effect helps to reduce the load on the central nervous system. As already noted, the gland that produces the hormone adrenaline is the adrenal cortex.

Hormone features

When released, the body loses a lot of energy. Part of it goes to dealing with stress. This explains the appearance of a brutal appetite in a person after suffering shocks or shocks. You don't have to worry about it possible appearance excess weight, because the energy does not cease to be quickly used.

You should be aware of the features of adrenaline. In the body, there is a parallel release of the hormone and the activation of systems designed to repay it.

AT medical practice epinephrine preparations are used as antishock therapy. Upon receiving physical injury high level adrenaline in the blood contributes to a better transfer of pain shock by a person. At sudden stop the heart hormone can start its work, for this adrenaline is injected directly into the organ.

Bad influence

First backlash hits high concentration hormone into the blood is to increase blood pressure.

In addition, with prolonged release of the hormone into the blood, the adrenal medulla is depleted, which contributes to the development of acute adrenal insufficiency.

In this condition, the heart may suddenly stop. This explains the need to avoid long-term stressful situations. In particular, people with a weakened heart need to beware of shock, as it may not withstand the effects of a large dose of adrenaline, as a result, a heart attack or stroke will occur.

Scientists have proven that prolonged stress that occurs in the body under the influence of adrenaline often leads to the formation of stomach ulcers.

We have discussed in detail what adrenaline is.