What is the mumps vaccine called? Mumps vaccination: schedule, indications and side effects. Factors that increase the risk of mumps infection

Anna Khrustaleva, Today, 14:41

A viral disease that mainly affects salivary glands. Parotitis is transmitted from person to person by airborne droplets.

The incubation period in most cases is 14-21 days. The danger of infecting others occurs 2 days before the enlargement of the glands and persists until complete recovery.

After past illness, as a rule, lifelong immunity is formed. In Russia, about 50,000 people suffer from mumps every year.

Symptoms

After a short prodromal period, accompanied by loss of appetite, irritability, fatigue, headaches, sore throat, against the background of a rise in temperature, a painful pasty swelling of the parotid gland appears. Usually one side is affected, mainly the left, then after 1-3 days - the other. Sometimes the disease spreads to other glands (submandibular and sublingual). After 4-5 days, the temperature decreases, complaints decrease, an increase salivary glands disappears.

Complications

1) In addition to salivary pathological process other glands may also be involved. Inflammation of the pancreas is manifested by the occurrence of pain in the left upper abdomen, vomiting. As a result, juvenile diabetes can develop.

2) In patients typical shape EP is often affected by the CNS (Typical, combined form). Serous meningitis occurs, as a rule, before the 6th day of illness, and may be the only manifestation of mumps infection. Most often mumps meningitis occurs in children aged 3 to 9 years.

3) Damage to the pancreas (pancreatitis) occurs in half of the patients. In most children, it develops simultaneously with the defeat of the parotid salivary glands, less often - on the 1st week. disease and in isolated cases - on the 2nd week. Almost always, nausea, repeated vomiting, loss of appetite, hiccups, constipation, in rare cases- diarrhea. In children of the first 2 years of life, the nature of the stool changes - liquid, poorly digested, with the presence of white lumps. Tongue coated, dryish. At severe forms there is repeated vomiting; pulse quickened, arterial pressure reduced, the development of a collaptoid state is possible.

4) The incidence of orchitis in men reaches 68%, in boys preschool age- 2%. With the onset of puberty, orchitis occurs more often: in age group 11-15 years old - 17%, 16-17 years old - 34%. Cases of the development of mumps orchitis in boys are described. infancy. Orchitis develops acutely, more often on the 3-10th day of illness. Orchitis may occur on the 14-19th day from the onset of the disease and even after 2-5 weeks. In EP, a predominantly unilateral lesion of the seminal glands is observed. Right testicle is involved in the process more often than the left one, which is due to the peculiarities of its blood circulation.

5) Defeat prostate(prostatitis) occurs mainly in adolescents and adults. sick notes discomfort, pain in the perineum, especially during bowel movements and urination. An enlarged prostate is detected by finger research rectum.

6) The defeat of the female gonads. Oophoritis occurs in girls during puberty. Inflammation of the ovaries is characterized by the severity of the process, sharp pain in iliac region, high temperature body. The reverse dynamics is usually fast (5-7 days). Outcomes of oophoritis are often favorable.

7) Mastitis of mumps etiology occurs in women and men. There is an increase in body temperature, soreness, compaction of the mammary glands. The process is eliminated quickly - in 3-4 days; suppuration of the glands is not observed.

8) Defeat thyroid gland(thyroiditis) is extremely rare. The disease proceeds with high body temperature, pain in the neck, sweating, exophthalmos.

9) Damage to the lacrimal gland (dacryoadenitis) is characterized by severe pain in the eyes, swelling of the eyelids, their pain on palpation.

10) Meningoesophalitis is rare. In typical cases, it develops on the 6-10th day of the disease, more often in children under 6 years of age. Involved in the pathological process cranial nerves, pyramidal and vestibular systems, cerebellum.

11) The pathological process may involve: liver, spleen, organ of hearing (labyrinthitis, cochleitis), organ of vision (conjunctivitis, scleritis, keratitis, neuritis or paralysis optic nerve), serous membranes of the joints.

Mumps vaccination

Vaccination efficiency - 96%

Duration of action - more than 12 years

Side effects

Most children do not have vaccine reactions. Sometimes there may be an increase in body temperature (from 4 to 12 days after vaccination), slight malaise for 1-2 days. Sometimes a short-term (2-3 days) slight increase in the parotid salivary glands. Serious complications are extremely rare. These may include convulsions associated with fever in susceptible children; severe allergic reaction. Extremely rarely, easily occurring aseptic meningitis can develop. Very rare complications include encephalitis and parotitis.

Contraindications

The vaccine is contraindicated in:

immunodeficiency states;
oncological diseases;
allergies to aminoglycosides (kanamycin, monomycin), eggs;
pregnancy.
within 3 months after the introduction of immunoglobulin
pregnancy

List of vaccines

Vaccine mumps cultural live dry
Production: Russia

Live cultural mumps vaccine, lyophilizate for preparation of solution for subcutaneous injection, prepared by cultivating an attenuated strain of mumps virus Leningrad-3 on a primary cell culture of quail embryos.
The drug is a homogeneous porous mass of pink color.

Compound
One inoculation dose of the vaccine (0.5 ml) contains:
at least 20,000 tissue cytopathogenic doses (TCD50) of the mumps virus;
stabilizer - a mixture of 0.08 ml aqueous solution LS-18 and 0.02 ml of 10% gelatin solution;
no more than 20 mcg of gentamicin sulfate.

Immunological properties
The vaccine stimulates the production of antibodies to the mumps virus in seronegative children, reaching a maximum level 6-7 weeks after vaccination.
The drug complies with WHO requirements.

Purpose
Prevention mumps.
Scheduled vaccinations are carried out twice at the age of 12 months and 6 years for children who have not had mumps.
Emergency prophylaxis is carried out for children from 12 months old, adolescents and adults who have had contact with a sick mumps who has not had mumps or has not previously been vaccinated against this infection. In the absence of contraindications, the vaccine is administered no later than 72 hours after contact with the patient.
Contraindications.
severe forms of allergic reactions to aminoglycosides (gentamycin sulfate) and chicken eggs;
primary immunodeficiency states, malignant diseases blood and neoplasms;
severe reaction (temperature rise above 40°C, hyperemia and/or edema of more than 8 cm in diameter at the injection site) or complication to previous administration of mumps or mumps-measles vaccines;
pregnancy.

In order to identify contraindications, the doctor (paramedic) on the day of vaccination conducts a survey and examination of the vaccinated person with mandatory thermometry. If necessary, conduct an appropriate laboratory examination.

Note: HIV infection is not a contraindication to vaccination.

Persons temporarily exempted from vaccinations should be taken under observation and account and vaccinated after removal of contraindications.

Side effects

In most children, the vaccination process is asymptomatic. Some children may experience:
from 5 to 15 days- temperature reactions, catarrhal phenomena from the nasopharynx (hyperemia of the pharynx, rhinitis);
from 5 to 42 days- a slight increase in the parotid salivary glands lasting 2-3 days;
in rare cases, in the first 48 hours after vaccination, local reactions, expressed in skin hyperemia and mild swelling at the injection site, which disappear without treatment.

At mass application vaccines, an increase in body temperature above 38.5 ° C should not be more than 2 percent of vaccinated children.

Complications that develop extremely rarely include allergic reactions that occur in the first 24-48 hours in children with altered reactivity. Extremely rarely, in vaccinated people, in 2-4 weeks, a benign leaking can develop. serous meningitis. Each case of serous meningitis requires differential diagnosis.

Note: An increase in body temperature above 38.5 ° C in post-vaccination period is an indication for the appointment of antipyretics.

Shelf life, storage and transportation conditions
The shelf life of the vaccine is 15 months. An expired drug should not be used.

MMR II
Merck Sharp & Dohme, USA

Ingredients: (1) ATTENUVAX (live measles vaccine, MSD), lower virulence measles virus derived from an attenuated (Enders") strain of Edmonston and grown in chick embryo cell culture; (2) MUMPSVAX ( live vaccine against mumps, MSD), the Jeryl Lynn strain (level B) of mumps virus grown in cultured chick embryo cells, and (3) MERUVAX II (rubella vaccine live, MSD), Wistar RA 27/3 strain of live attenuated rubella virus grown in a culture of human diploid cells (WI-38). The viruses in the vaccine are identical to those used to manufacture ATTENUVAX (live measles vaccine, MSD), MUMPSVAX (live mumps vaccine, MSD) and MERUVAX II (live rubella vaccine, MSD). The three viruses are mixed prior to lyophilization. The preparation does not contain preservatives.

The diluted vaccine is intended for subcutaneous administration. After dilution according to the instructions, the dose for injection is 0.5 ml and is equivalent to at least 1000 TCID50 (tissue cytopathic dose) of the standard measles virus (USA), 5000 TCID50 of the standard mumps virus (USA) and 1000 TCID50 of the standard rubella virus (USA). Each dose contains about 25 micrograms of neomycin. There are no preservatives in the preparation. Sorbitol and hydrolyzed gelatin are added as stabilizers.

Contraindications:
pregnancy; if vaccination is carried out at post-pubertal age, pregnancy should be avoided for 3 months. after her
The presence of anaphylactic or anaphylactoid reactions to neomycin, eggs;
Any disease respiratory system or any other infection accompanied by fever. Active untreated tuberculosis. Patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy (this contraindication does not apply to patients receiving replacement therapy with corticosteroids). Patients with blood disorders, leukemias, lymphomas of any type, or other malignant tumors striking Bone marrow or the lymphatic system. Primary and acquired immunodeficiency; violation cellular immunity; hypogammaglobulinemia or dysgammaglobulinemia. The presence of congenital or hereditary immunodeficiencies in the patient's relatives until his sufficient immunocompetence is proven.

Adverse reactions:

Most often, local reactions are possible: a quickly passing burning sensation and / or soreness at the injection site. Less common (usually between 5-15 days) general reactions: fever and dermatological reactions: rash. RARE General: mild local reactions including erythema, induration and skin sensitivity; pain in the throat, malaise. Digestive system: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. blood system and lymphatic system: regional lymphadenopathy, thrombocytopenia, purpura. Hypersensitivity: allergic reactions at the injection site; anaphylactic and anaphylactoid reactions, urticaria. Musculoskeletal system: arthralgia and / or arthritis (usually transient, in rare cases chronic - see below), myalgia. Neuropsychiatric: febrile convulsions in children, convulsions without fever, headache, dizziness, paresthesia, polyneuritis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, ataxia. Leather: erythema multiforme. Sense organs: various options optic neuritis, otitis media, deafness associated with nerve damage, conjunctivitis. genitourinary system: orchitis.

The incidence is recorded in all countries of the world both in the form of sporadic cases and epidemic outbreaks (in children's groups, barracks for recruits). Outbreaks are characterized by a gradual spread over 2.5-3.5 months, an undulating course.

Age structure. EP occurs at any age. Children 7-14 years old are most often ill; in children under the age of 1 year, especially the first 6 months. life, EP is extremely rare. Males are affected slightly more often than females.
http://www.medmoon.ru/rebenok/det_bolezni17.html

Implemented since 1987, the planned vaccination of mumps with the help of a live mumps vaccine from strain L-3 had a significant impact on the epidemic process of this infection. The incidence has sharply decreased: for 10 years (1988 - 1997) its rate did not exceed 100.0 per 100 thousand of the population, and the lowest (23.3 per 100,000) was registered in 1992.

From 3 - 4 to 10 years, the inter-epidemic period increased; the last pronounced increase in the incidence (98.9 per 100 thousand of the population) was observed in 1998.

Under the conditions of vaccination, the main regulator of the epidemic process of this infection is the level of vaccination coverage of the child population. However, even in last years this figure did not exceed 90.0%, varying significantly in individual territories. Only with the introduction of repeated immunization at the age of 6, vaccination approached 90.0%. Moreover, the level of vaccination coverage does not correlate with the actual protection of the population, which is associated with the quality of the vaccine itself, violation of the rules for its transportation, storage and use.

The modern live mumps vaccine from the Leningrad-3 strain ensures the formation of immunity in more than 80% of those vaccinated.
http://www.privivkam.net/info.php?s=3&id_1...048&id_3=000133

Both among schoolchildren from 7 to 14 years old and among the entire population, the most high performance registered in St. Petersburg (2026.8 and 322.3 per 100 thousand of the corresponding population); Ryazan region (1647.8 and 349.5); Murmansk (1313.3 and 247.7); Orlovskaya (1151.7 and 226.1); Republic of Altai (1145.2 and 263.8); Leningrad region (964.8 and 204.6): the Republic of Tyva (899.3 and 229.2). Up to 7% of the total population of the Federation lives in these territories, about 11% of school-age children, but at the same time, more than 40% of those with mumps and more than 45% of those with mumps aged 7 to 14 years.
http://www.sci.aha.ru/ATL/ra52o.htm

In Russia, about 50,000 people suffer from mumps every year.

In this issue of the magazine we will talk about a disease that is colloquially called mumps. Such an unsympathetic name for the disease was given by the most commonly observed symptom - an increase in the parotid salivary glands. Children of the first year of life rarely get sick with mumps: babies are reliably protected by antibodies obtained in the womb. Problems begin, as a rule, when children begin to walk in Kindergarten or to school. Therefore, parents should take care in advance to insure their child.

Mikhail Kostinov
Head of the Immunoprophylaxis Center at the Research Institute of Vaccines and Serums. I. I. Mechnikova, MD

"Portrait" of the disease

Parotitis - infection, in which pathogenic viruses damage the cells of the salivary glands, pancreas, testicles, ovaries, as well as the central nervous system. Parotitis is less contagious than, for example, measles or chicken pox in addition, the virus is very unstable in the external environment. Therefore, for infection with the mumps virus, fairly close contact with the patient is required in the first 9 days of the disease. Parotitis is transmitted by airborne droplets. Penetrating through the mucous membranes of the oral cavity, pharynx and nose, the virus spreads throughout the body with blood and populates its “favorite” places. From the moment of infection to the development of symptoms of the disease, 11-23 days pass. The disease begins with loss of appetite, malaise, headaches, then the temperature rises and a painful pasty swelling of the parotid gland appears, first on one side, then, after 1 to 3 days, on the other. The submandibular salivary glands may also swell. Usually, after 4-5 days of illness, the temperature decreases, complaints decrease, swelling disappears.

As already mentioned, most often the mumps virus affects the salivary glands. However, in some patients, other organs are also involved in the pathological process. When the pancreas is affected, the child is disturbed by pain in the abdomen in the epigastric region and the left hypochondrium, sometimes nausea and vomiting appear. If the disease occurs during or after puberty, in boys it can be complicated by inflammation of the testicles (swelling and pain in the testicle, swelling of the scrotum), and in girls by inflammation of the ovaries. As a result of serious damage to the cells of the glandular organs, a child may develop juvenile diabetes mellitus (a consequence of inflammation of the pancreas - pancreatitis), in 10% of sick boys, male infertility may occur in the future.

The defeat of the central nervous system leads to inflammation of the membranes of the brain, which in most cases proceeds benignly, i.e. cured without consequences for the health of the child. In rare cases, the auditory nerve is damaged, resulting in the possibility of developing hearing loss. Unfortunately, at present there are no such drugs that would fight the mumps virus. With the development of the disease, you can only reduce its individual manifestations. Therefore, it is very important to vaccinate in a timely manner, which is the main means of preventing this disease.

Vaccination rules

According to the Russian vaccination schedule, vaccination against mumps is carried out with a live attenuated vaccine twice: at the age of 12-15 months and then at 7 years of age for previously healthy children. The effectiveness of vaccination is quite high, it reduces both the risk of the disease itself and the likelihood of developing its complicated forms. In other words, even after vaccination, the child may get sick (with a probability of no more than 5%), but the disease will proceed in much more time. mild form and without complications. Vaccination forms a sufficiently long and stable immunity, which lasts for many years. And given the constant contact with the virus throughout life, we can talk about virtually lifelong immunity as a result of vaccination.

In addition, vaccination in some cases is also carried out in order to prevent the disease after contact with a patient with mumps. In this case, the vaccine is administered no later than 72 hours after contact with the patient, however, the vaccine does not always protect against the disease, since immunity reaches the level necessary to protect the body rather slowly. Faster, but less reliable effect in terms of emergency prevention mumps has a normal human immunoglobulin containing protective antibodies. It should be remembered that if immunoglobulin is administered earlier than 2 weeks after preventive vaccination, antibodies can neutralize the vaccine strain, thereby preventing the formation of immunity. For the same reason, vaccination is not carried out earlier than 3 months after the introduction of human immunoglobulin.

Contraindications

Since mumps vaccines contain even weakened, but still live viruses, contraindications for them are similar to contraindications for vaccination with other live vaccines. The mumps vaccine should not be given if:

• acute diseases; exacerbation of chronic diseases;
• long-term serious illnesses (viral hepatitis, tuberculosis, diseases of the nervous system) - in these cases, vaccination is carried out individually 6-12 months after recovery;
• states of immune deficiency;
• oncological diseases;
• pregnancy;
• severe allergic reactions to aminoglycosides, protein of chicken and quail eggs, severe allergic general and local reactions to the previous administration of measles vaccine.

After mild illness, live mumps vaccine can be administered no earlier than 2 to 3 weeks after recovery. After the introduction of immunoglobulin and plasma, vaccination is not carried out for 3 months.

Children infected with HIV should also be vaccinated, since the likelihood of developing complications after vaccination is much less than the likelihood severe course epidemic parotitis against the background of an immunodeficiency state caused by HIV.

Mumps ( vernacular name- mumps) is a disease of an infectious type, in which the glandular membranes of all organs of the body are affected with possible defeat central nervous system. As a result, a person suffers from fever and intoxication of the body is observed.

The disease is caused by a viral pathogen that primarily affects the parotid glands, causing them to become inflamed. This is the first reaction of the body to the action of the pathogen. The period of activation of the virus is the spring-winter period and affects, as a rule, children aged 0-6 years. Therefore, parotitis is a disease against which only a vaccine must be used.

It is transmitted by airborne droplets or by establishing any contact with the patient. The first symptoms appear already on the 2nd day of the disease, pronounced clinical picture seen at the end of the week.

After vaccination against mumps in a person who has never had mumps, a defensive reaction that protects a person for 20 years.

The cure for mumps

Today in medicine there is no vaccine that can overcome this virus. An extremely effective remedy against the mumps virus, both in children and adults, are antibodies that can be produced by the body itself.

To produce such antibodies in the fight against mumps, a small dose of the vaccine is used, which cannot cause full development. this disease. The reaction of the body is immediate - this procedure activates the production of the necessary antibodies and their effect against the disease.

Such a procedure for conducting a vaccine contributes to the fact that the vaccinated person already has the presence of these antibodies, which, at the first sign of damage to the body, will immediately go on the attack against this virus.

According to WHO requirements, depending on the presence of components in the vaccine, the following types are distinguished:

1. Single component vaccine when only the attenuated mumps virus component is present;
2. A two-component vaccine, when a measles or rubella virus is added to the main component;
3. The three-component vaccine is a combination of measles + rubella + mumps viruses.

In addition, the presence of initially produced antibodies remains in a person for almost the rest of his life. In the future, a person may not get sick with mumps at all, or get sick, but in a mild form, which will pass without any complications. Therefore, doctors all over the planet claim that this course of the vaccine produces lifelong immunity against mumps.

The first signs of the disease and methods of treating the disease

Symptoms in humans different ages manifest themselves differently. However, it should be noted the main types of reaction, which is typical for the majority of the population. Among them are:

1. A sharp increase in the patient's body temperature;
2. Complete refusal to eat;
3. swollen condition parotid glands and glands of the salivary canals;
4. There may be shortness of breath or difficulty breathing;
5. Migraines, lethargy, headaches.

It happens that the disease does not make itself felt, i.e. none of these signs are observed. In the event that a person falls ill with mumps, then he must:

• Adhere to bed rest;
• Assign a sparing diet with the active inclusion of vitamin food;
• The use of antiviral and immunomodulators;
• If complications are detected, it is necessary to notify the doctor, who, in accordance with the direction of complications, will adjust the treatment procedure.

In some cases it is possible backlash body for the course of the disease. In this case, significant complications are observed, especially in adults. Among them, it is necessary to note orchitis, hearing loss, encephalitis, infertility, cerebral edema with lethal outcome, development diabetes, arthritis and pancreatitis. Therefore, in addition, specialists can appoint laboratory control for the patient with a number of tests.

Special medicines, which will help in the fight against mumps today in medicine does not exist. Parotitis belongs to the category of diseases that simply need to be transferred. At the same time, the use of various antipyretic and anti-inflammatory drugs with the use of different kind compresses are simply necessary to improve the patient's condition. In order to reduce inflammation, the use of ointments is possible.

Parotitis in mild form is not a dangerous disease. However, the reaction of the body, which is observed after a period of recovery, when complications begin to appear, is horrifying.

Medicine, of course, is not omnipotent, but the way to combat this disease, of course, has been undertaken - this is periodic vaccination, which begins at birth.

Features of the vaccination process

According to experts, parotitis is a disease that is similar to measles and rubella. Therefore, most often there is a use of a vaccine, which consists of these 3 components. Thus, the body begins to produce antibodies in three directions - against measles, rubella and mumps.

Vaccination against these diseases, according to the vaccination schedule established by the Ministry of Health, begins for children from a very early age. The first vaccination against mumps should be at the age of 1 year, the second is given to school-age children upon reaching 6 years and at 15-17 years. During these periods the immune system the child undergoes significant changes, and at the age of 15 begins puberty teenager.

If for some reason vaccinations were missed at 6 and 15 years old, then the third vaccination is done earlier, namely at 13 years old. Further, according to the vaccination schedule, which is shown to children in medical institution must be reapplied every 10 years. However, vaccination statistics show that already at the age of 15, not everyone follows the vaccination schedule, and even older people even forget about the need for this procedure.

A prerequisite for vaccination is absolutely healthy child, therefore, before the implementation of the vaccination, the pediatrician must examine it. During the week after the implementation of the vaccination process with the vaccine, a slight increase in body temperature or swelling of the salivary glands is possible.

Preventive measures against mumps

Prevention during a period of sharp morbidity, except for the vaccination process, has not yet prevented anyone. In this case, you must adhere to the following measures:

• Isolate a sick person from others for a week or more;
• As little as possible contact a sick person with people who have not yet been vaccinated;
• Examine unvaccinated people who may have been in contact with the patient during the last 21 days;
• Immediate vaccination of non-vaccinated with live mumps vaccine;
• It is possible to carry out immunoprophylaxis using globulin for children, in this case, the mumps vaccination schedule is prescribed by a doctor.

Measles, mumps and rubella vaccine

Testicles (in boys), pancreas. Infection occurs by airborne droplets in the case of relatively close contact with the patient, since the virus is not stable in the external environment.

The insidiousness of the disease lies in the complications: (inflammation meninges) and orchitis (inflammation of the testicles). The severity of the infection and the frequency of complications increase with the age of the child.

With the development of meningoencephalitis (inflammation of the substance of the brain), damage is possible auditory nerves with irreversible hearing loss. The mortality rate for mumps is 1 case per 100,000 cases.

Past parotitis, complicated by orchitis, can lead to infertility in the future. 25% of male infertility is associated with mumps. Even with unilateral orchitis, a process can develop when the body produces antibodies to its own testicle tissues, which leads to its defeat on the other side.

Damage to the pancreas with mumps can lead to.

past infection leads to lifelong immunity.

The disease can be prevented by vaccination.

Types of vaccines

All preparations for immunization against mumps contain a live virus, but significantly weakened. The difference between one and the other can only be in the presence in the composition of Kanamycin or Neomycin and traces of protein: in some preparations - chicken eggs, in others - quail egg protein or protein cattle. These data are taken into account when vaccinating children with allergies to these proteins or antibiotics.

For immunization, the following types of drugs can be used:

1. Monovaccines:
   • mumps vaccine (Russia);
   • Imovax Orion (France).
2. Complex vaccines:
   • mumps-measles divaccine (Russia);
   • trivaccine "Priorix" (Great Britain) - from mumps, and;
   • trivaccine MMR-II (Holland, USA) - against mumps, rubella,;
   • trivaccine "Trimovax" (France) - against mumps, measles, rubella.

It is recommended to use complex vaccines, as the vaccination schedule for mumps, rubella and measles is the same, and only 1 injection will be given to the child. Western developed countries have switched to such complex preparations almost completely.

Vaccination Schedule

Children in the first year of life are protected from infection by antibodies obtained from the mother.

In accordance with national calendar In Russia, children are vaccinated against mumps twice - at 1 year and at 6 years. The drug at a dose of 0.5 ml is administered subcutaneously or intramuscularly in the shoulder or in the subscapular region.

Vaccination can also be carried out in the first 2 days after contact with sick mumps. This will make it possible to avoid the severe course of the disease and complications.

The effectiveness of anti-mumps immunization is high, the developed immunity is preserved long time(in many cases for life).

Boys adolescence It will not be superfluous to check for the presence of antibodies against the mumps virus. In their absence, re-vaccination is recommended.

Contraindications

• Oncological diseases;
• blood diseases;
• allergy to eggs (quail, chicken), beef;
• intolerance to antibiotics of the aminoglycoside group (Monomycin, Neomycin, Kanamycin);
• immunodeficiency states;
• acute illness;
• allergic to a previous dose of the vaccine;
• exacerbation of chronic pathology.

Vaccination is delayed for 3 months when the child receives immunoglobulin or other blood products.

Side effects

Mumps vaccines are characterized by low reactogenicity. Local reactions(redness, induration, slight soreness at the injection site) are slightly expressed.

General reactions may occur 4-12 days after administration: rise in temperature (sometimes over 38.5 ° C) within 1-2 days (in rare cases longer); catarrhal phenomena in the form of a runny nose and cough. The parotid salivary glands may increase (no more than 3 days).

These symptoms disappear on their own. A child with a tendency to febrile seizures give after vaccination antipyretic drugs (Paracetamol, Ibuprofen, Nurofen,). Children with any manifestation post-vaccination reaction not dangerous to others, they are not contagious.

Extremely rare complication is aseptic serous meningitis. It can develop from 18 to 34 days after vaccination. But the disease is characterized by a mild course: all manifestations disappear after a week without consequences, the outcome is favorable.

Should I vaccinate and when?

Experts have an opinion on the need for vaccinations against mumps in early age ambiguous. Some of them believe that only boys should be vaccinated against mumps initial period puberty, if they have not previously had it.

They substantiate their point of view by the fact that after a “natural” disease, immunity is lifelong, and after vaccination it can disappear in a few years. Therefore, let the children carry the infection in early years when the risk of complications is less.

Proponents of infant immunization motivate their approach to the prevention of mumps by the fact that no one is immune from complications, and they can still occur at an early age. Serious complication after an illness, diabetes can also appear, which will create a lot of problems in future life child. Therefore, it is better to get vaccinated, including girls.

Cases of "mumps" after vaccination as a side effect may develop, but the disease proceeds in an erased form.

Summary for parents

Parents of toddlers must weigh the pros and cons and decide whether to vaccinate their child. Any decision is valid. If only you don’t have to regret later on the missed opportunity to protect the child from infection and complications that have developed.

Which doctor to contact

The pediatrician prescribes vaccination against mumps. Parents can additionally consult an allergist, immunologist, infectious disease specialist.

Please tell me if the mother still does not know if she is pregnant or not, and the first child should be vaccinated (measles-rubella-mumps) is it possible?

Yes, the child can be vaccinated. For others, the vaccinated poses no threat. And mom is not recommended to be vaccinated against measles, rubella, mumps.

The child has allergic reaction on chicken eggs in the form of urticaria. Is it possible to put Priorix / in contraindications only anaphylactic reaction for eggs/.

The rest of the vaccinations were made according to the calendar /infanrix hexa, prevenar, BCG/. No adverse reactions.

Harit Susanna Mikhailovna answers

In principle, it is possible, but before vaccination it will be necessary to administer antiallergic drugs, preferably intramuscularly 30 minutes before vaccination.

But, it is preferable to introduce a domestic divaccine (measles + mumps), it is made on quail eggs. And separately the rubella vaccine, the virus for this vaccine is grown in cell culture without the use of quail and chicken eggs. Get vaccinated at a clinic or medical center, where after vaccination at least 30 minutes after vaccination, you need to observe the reaction. Start on the day of vaccination antihistamines(eg Zyrtec) by mouth, may be continued for several days. The main thing after vaccination is not to give the child products containing significant allergens for him.

I'm 45 years old. I want to get the Priorix vaccine. Last time vaccinations against measles, rubella and mumps were given in school age. AT this moment Is it enough for me to do it once or because of the long break from the last vaccination twice?

Harit Susanna Mikhailovna answers

Enough once.

Good afternoon! By national all vaccines are on schedule, except MRC, child, virgin. a year and 10 months, we carry out correction with hormones, subclinical hypothyroidism. Due to the fact that there is a colossal decrease in the incidence of measles, I plan to track the statistics further and drag out time with this vaccination (for mumps and rubella, if we don’t get sick in childhood, I’ll probably put it in school, due to the fact that the diseases are “mild”, if you get sick in childhood) . I live in the city of Tomsk, where, according to Rosportebnadzor, other diseases are rampant... since I'm not a specialist, I ask you to comment on my decision.

subclinical hypothyroidism in stable condition on therapy is not a contraindication to vaccination against measles, mumps and rubella. But the infections themselves in the case of a disease can cause decompensation of the condition and, moreover, lead to complications. Parotitis, for example, can affect all glands internal secretion and also cause meningitis; measles - encephalitis, pneumonia. Children with chronic diseases are at risk for severe infections, so it is more advisable to plan vaccinations rather than track incidence statistics.

Is contact with a child vaccinated 2 days ago with the Belgian measles + rubella vaccine and against mumps dangerous for a newborn?

Answered by Polibin Roman Vladimirovich

A child vaccinated against measles, mumps, rubella with any vaccine is not dangerous to others, including a newborn baby.

Good afternoon! I know this is a dumb question, but I couldn't find the information myself.

One of the arguments - ethical - of anti-vaccinators: vaccines are made from aborted material. For example, "Priorix contains attenuated (weakened) vaccine strains of the measles virus (Schwarz), mumps (RIT 4385, a derivative of Jeryl Lynn) and rubella (Wistar RA 27/3), which are cultivated separately in a chick embryo cell culture (measles and mumps) and human diploid cells (rubella virus)." Diploid cells are aborted material.

The question is: how are these cells actually cultivated and where do the legs of the opinion grow from that embryos are used for the vaccine.

respectfully,

Answered by Polibin Roman Vladimirovich

This argument of the anti-vaccination lobby arose from the original origin of transplanted human fibroblasts. Indeed, the rubella virus strain Wistar RA 27/3 was isolated in 1965 during passage on a subculture of kidney fibroblasts of a human embryo obtained as a result of a therapeutic abortion in a woman who had rubella in the first trimester of pregnancy (i.e. medical indications). The rubella virus was then attenuated (attenuated) by 25 passages in a culture of diploid human Wi-38 cells at lower temperatures. The resulting vaccine strain is used in almost all countries of the world, and laboratory cell lines are currently used as a growth medium. In addition, there is a DCRB 19 strain in China, and in Japan, Matsuba, Takahashi, and TO-336, which are produced in rabbit kidney cell culture. And also, the question of the ethics of using rubella vaccines cultured on human diploid cells has been resolved by society Orthodox doctors and priests.