ZhKV inoculation as often done. Features of the measles vaccine. How many times do you need to be vaccinated against measles

Active substance

Measles virus (measles vaccine (live))

Release form, composition and packaging

Lyophilisate for solution preparation for s/c administration in the form of a homogeneous porous, loose mass, white or white-yellow, hygroscopic.

Excipients: stabilizer- sorbitol - 25 mg, gelatin - 12.5 mg.

1 dose - bottles (50) complete with a solvent (amp. 0.5 ml) - packs of cardboard.
10 doses - bottles (50) complete with a solvent (amp. 5 ml) - packs of cardboard.

pharmachologic effect

The vaccine stimulates the production of antibodies to the measles virus, which reach a maximum level 3-4 weeks after vaccination.

The drug complies with WHO requirements.

Indications

- planned measles prophylaxis.

Scheduled vaccinations are carried out twice at the age of 12-15 months and 6 years for children who have not had measles.

Children born from mothers seronegative to the measles virus are vaccinated at the age of 8 months and further - at 14-15 months and 6 years.

The interval between vaccination and re-vaccination should be at least 6 months.

Contraindications

- primary immunodeficiency states, malignant blood diseases and neoplasms;

- a strong reaction (a rise in temperature above 40 ° C, edema, hyperemia of more than 8 cm in diameter at the injection site) or a complication to the previous administration of the vaccine;

- severe renal dysfunction;

- heart disease in the stage of decompensation;

- pregnancy.

Dosage

Immediately before use, the vaccine is diluted only with the supplied solvent () using a sterile syringe at the rate of 0.5 ml of the solvent per one vaccination dose of the vaccine.

The vaccine should completely dissolve within 3 minutes to form a clear, colorless or light yellow solution.

The vaccine and solvent in vials and ampoules with broken integrity, labeling, as well as with a change in their physical properties (color, transparency, etc.), expired, and improperly stored are not suitable for use.

The opening of vials, ampoules and the vaccination procedure is carried out with strict observance of the rules of asepsis and antisepsis. Ampoules at the incision site are treated with 70 ° alcohol and broken off, while preventing alcohol from entering the ampoule.

To dilute the vaccine with a sterile syringe, the entire required volume of the solvent is taken and transferred to a vial with a dry vaccine. After mixing, the needle is changed, the vaccine is drawn into the syringe and an injection is made.

The vaccine is injected deeply subcutaneously in a volume of 0.5 ml under the scapula or in the shoulder area (on the border between the lower and middle third of the shoulder from the outside), after treating the skin at the injection site with 70 ° alcohol.

The diluted vaccine should not be stored.

The included diluent is specially made for this vaccine. Do not use solvents for other vaccines and for measles vaccines from other manufacturers. Use of inappropriate diluents may result in altered vaccine properties and severe reactions in recipients.

Side effects

In the next 24 hours after the measles vaccine, you may experience mild soreness at the injection site. In most cases, pain resolves within 2-3 days without treatment. In 5-15% of those vaccinated on the 7-12th day after vaccination, there may be a moderate increase in temperature lasting 1-2 days. In 2% of those vaccinated for 7-10 days after vaccination, a rash may appear that lasts up to 2 days.

Moderate adverse reactions occur with less frequency after the second dose of the vaccine. In the post-vaccination period, the development of encephalitis with a frequency of 1:1,000,000 administered doses was registered, while a causal relationship with vaccination was not proven.

Complications that develop extremely rarely include convulsive reactions that most often occur 6-10 days after vaccination, usually against a background of high temperature, and allergic reactions that occur in the first 24-48 hours in children with allergically altered reactivity.

An increase in temperature above 38.5°C in the post-vaccination period is an indication for the appointment of antipyretics.

drug interaction

After the introduction of human drugs, vaccinations against measles are carried out no earlier than 2 months later. After the introduction of the measles vaccine, immunoglobulin preparations can be administered no earlier than 2 weeks later; if it is necessary to use immunoglobulin earlier than this period, the measles vaccination should be repeated.

After vaccination, there may be a transient reversal of a tuberculin-positive reaction to a tuberculin-negative one.

Vaccination against measles can be carried out simultaneously (on the same day) with other vaccinations of the National calendar (against mumps, rubella, poliomyelitis, whooping cough, diphtheria, tetanus) or not earlier than 1 month after the previous vaccination.

special instructions

Vaccinations are carried out:

- after acute infectious and non-infectious diseases, with exacerbation of chronic diseases - at the end of acute manifestations of the disease;

- with non-severe forms of acute respiratory viral infections, acute intestinal diseases and others - immediately after the temperature normalizes;

- after immunosuppressive therapy - 3-6 months after the end of treatment.

Persons temporarily exempted from vaccinations should be taken under observation and vaccinated after removal of contraindications.

When the vaccine is administered to patients receiving corticosteroids, immunosuppressive drugs, or undergoing radiotherapy, an adequate immune response may not be obtained.

The vaccine may be given to children with known or suspected HIV infection. Although the available data are limited and more research is needed, there is currently no evidence of an increase in adverse reactions with this vaccine or other measles vaccines in children with clinical or asymptomatic HIV infection. The vaccine should not be prescribed for other immunodeficiency states with impaired cellular immunity.

The vaccine should only be administered subcutaneously. The vaccinated person must be under medical supervision for at least 30 minutes after immunization. Vaccination sites should be equipped with anti-shock therapy. To stop anaphylactic reactions that may occur in children with allergically altered reactivity to the introduction of not only the measles vaccine, but also other vaccines, a 1:1000 solution should be ready. An injection of adrenaline should be made at the first suspicion of the onset of the development of a shock reaction.

Pregnancy and lactation

Use during pregnancy is contraindicated.

For impaired renal function

Contraindicated in severe renal impairment;

Terms of dispensing from pharmacies

For medical and preventive and sanitary institutions

Terms and conditions of storage

Storage: vaccines - at a temperature of 2°C to 8°C in a place protected from light, out of the reach of children; dissolver - at a temperature of 5°C to 30°C. Do not freeze.

Transportation of the vaccine and diluent: at a temperature of 2°C to 8°C.

The shelf life of the vaccine is 2 years, the solvent is 5 years.

For many decades, measles was largely undiagnosed in children and adults. However, in 2014 there was a recorded outbreak of the disease, which led to the infection of more than 100 people. Therefore, the question of the need for vaccination of the population became acute. To cope with this problem, the measles vaccine can be used in children and adult patients. It is worth considering in more detail what the ZhIV vaccination is, deciphering its name, features of vaccination.

What is the danger of measles?

Measles is a contagious infectious disease that is transmitted by airborne droplets. At the same time, sick people release the pathogen into the air even in the prodromal period. The first symptoms of measles are similar to a common cold. Patients report cough, sore throat, runny nose, fever.

As the infection progresses, patients develop a characteristic rash on the face that gradually spreads to the entire body. Measles requires immediate treatment, otherwise dangerous complications may develop:

• Pathologies of the respiratory organs: multicellular pneumonia, laryngotracheitis, bronchitis, pleurisy, bronchiolitis;
• Diseases of the nervous system: encephalitis, meningoencephalitis, panencephalitis, meningitis;
• Diseases of the digestive organs: colitis, enterocolitis.

Important! In adulthood, an infectious disease is more difficult to tolerate, often provokes the development of complications.

Features of measles vaccination

The abbreviation JCV stands for Live Measles Vaccine. The vaccine preparation is produced in Moscow. The ZHV vaccine contains:

• Live attenuated viral particles (Leningrad-16 serotype), grown on a special culture of Japanese quail embryos;
• Auxiliary compounds - aminoglycoside antibiotics (Kanamycin, Gentamicin);
• LS-18 and gelatin, which are used as stabilizers.

Measles cultural live vaccine is available in the form of a lyophilisate for the preparation of injection solutions in ampoules or vials. The vaccine preparation is widely used for immunization of patients up to 35 years of age. Vaccination of ZhIV contributes to the formation of a pronounced immune response after 1 month in 95% of vaccinated people. The duration of immunity reaches 20 years.

Vaccination Schedule

Vaccination of ZhKV is carried out according to the National Immunization Schedule:

• Infants from 1 to 1.5 years old who have not previously had an infectious disease;
• Vaccinated children in the absence of antibodies to measles;
• Revaccination is carried out at 6 years.

This scheme allows you to create a reliable immunity in a child against measles for 18-20 years. Vaccination of preschool children is aimed at preventing a mass epidemic of measles, quarantine. The ZhIV vaccine is re-administered to adult patients under 35 years of age. If a child over 15 years of age or an adult has not been immunized in childhood or there are no data on vaccinations, then two doses of the vaccine preparation are indicated with an interval of 6 months.

If the mother of the child has a seronegative reaction to the measles virus, a two-time vaccination of the ZhIV is indicated:

• The first dose of the vaccine is given at 8 months;
• The second vaccination - at 1.5 years;
• Revaccination is indicated for children at the age of six.

If a patient, regardless of age, has been in contact with a patient with measles, then emergency prevention of the disease is indicated. In this case, the measles culture live vaccine is administered within 3 days from the date of contact. For children younger than 12 months, an additional 1-2 doses of human immunoglobulin are indicated to prevent infection.

Features of the introduction of the vaccine

The vial with lyophilisate contains 5 usual doses of the vaccine preparation, there is 1 dose in the ampoule. The dry matter should be dissolved before administration in a special solvent, which is included in each package. The diluted solution has a pinkish tint, should not have foreign inclusions (flakes, sediment).

The ZHKV inoculation is placed subcutaneously in the upper part of the shoulder, it is possible to introduce it into the area of ​​​​the scapula. Immunization in childhood is often combined with vaccination against other infections. For this purpose, combined vaccine preparations are used.

Important! When used separately, the ZhIV vaccination is done 30 days after the previous immunization.

Rules of conduct before and after vaccination

The vaccine preparation was created using quail proteins and aminoglycoside antibiotics, so patients often experience allergic reactions. To prevent allergies in allergic individuals, it is recommended to take antihistamines 3-4 days before vaccination. On the day of ZhIV vaccination, you should consult a specialist, take the temperature. In some cases, a clinical study of blood and urine is indicated.

After vaccination, you should not immediately leave the clinic. Doctors recommend staying on site for up to 30 minutes so that if anaphylaxis develops, the patient can receive the necessary medical care. For several days, it is recommended not to wet the injection site, not to wear tight clothing.

Important! The measles virus is inactivated by alcohol and other antiseptic solutions, so the injection site should not be treated with such drugs.

Side effects of the HPV vaccine

Many parents refuse to vaccinate their child, fearing the development of severe adverse reactions. However, undesirable symptoms rarely occur after vaccination with ZhIV - vaccination is usually well tolerated. Only in rare cases such symptoms are noted:

• elevated temperature;
• Development of seizures;
• Pale pink rash;
• Cough;
• An increase in the size and soreness of the lymph nodes;
• Swelling, redness of the injection site;
• Allergic reactions: rash, urticaria.

The listed symptoms usually do not require special therapy, however, antipyretic and antihistamine drugs can be used to alleviate the patient's condition.

Possible complications and contraindications

The measles vaccine is a low-reactogenic drug, so most patients do not develop post-vaccination reactions. However, with a burdened allergic history after vaccination, allergic reactions may occur (appearance of a rash, Quincke's edema). Among the complications include pronounced post-vaccination reactions: an increase in body temperature up to 40 0 ​​C, the appearance of symptoms of intoxication, seizures. However, these conditions are rarely diagnosed.

To reduce the risk of complications, a medical examination allows the doctor to determine the existing contraindications. It is recommended to refuse vaccination in such cases:

• Pregnancy period or pregnancy planning;
• Acute period of diseases of an infectious and non-infectious nature;
• Pathologies that are characterized by a long course: viral hepatitis, pancreatitis, tuberculosis, pathologies of the nervous system;
• Exacerbation of chronic pathologies;
• Severe allergy to antibiotics, history of eggs;
• Oncopathology;
• Malignant pathologies of the blood;
• Blood transfusion within 3 months;
• Severe post-vaccination reactions to past immunizations;
• Contacts with infectious patients. Vaccination can only be done at the end of quarantine;
• Against the background of long-term radiation or chemotherapy;
• Severe immunodeficiency.

The introduction of a live measles vaccine allows the patient to develop reliable immunity against a dangerous viral infection. Vaccination is usually well tolerated, rarely provokes the development of adverse reactions. However, before vaccination, you need to consult a doctor to assess the patient's condition, determine the need for immunization.

The measles vaccine protects against a dangerous infectious disease. The vaccination schedule is approved in each country, it is oriented to the characteristics of the population, the place of residence of citizens. Measles is transmitted by airborne droplets and can cause dangerous complications, so all children who do not have medical exemptions should be vaccinated.

And you should also make this type of vaccination for adults who, for one reason or another, did not receive this protection in childhood.

What is measles?

With the invention of vaccines, mankind has been able to avoid many of the epidemics that have raged before. Due to outbreaks and the spread of various infectious diseases, hundreds of thousands of people died. It was difficult to find a family in which children would not die at an early age from whooping cough, measles, diphtheria, etc. Entire settlements practically died out due to the spread of dangerous diseases.

Measles has also caused massive epidemics in the past. This disease is transmitted through air and saliva, so the risk of infection is very high. Measles causes peculiar symptoms that are not so easy to distinguish from a common cold or flu before the rash appears:

• temperature increase up to 40 about;
• chills;
• signs of acute respiratory infections;
• profuse rash.

This disease can cause serious complications:

• pneumonia;
• meningitis;
• sepsis;
• convulsions.

People who are immunocompromised or suffering from chronic diseases can die from such effects. And also at risk are small children, whose protective mechanisms of the body are just developing. It is very difficult for adolescents to tolerate the disease due to hormonal changes in the body.

Therefore, only timely vaccination can save children from such a danger, which should not be abandoned by reading an article by some so-called specialist who simply advertises himself on such topics.

Parotitis and rubella

These types of diseases are also infectious and spread by airborne droplets. Mumps and rubella are somewhat milder than measles, but can be serious.

So, parotitis is very dangerous for boys. The disease causes a violation in the reproductive system of children, which in the future can lead to infertility. And this kind of it is not treated with medication. The guy in the future may be left without heirs.

Rubella is very dangerous for pregnant women. If a woman falls ill with it in the first trimesters, then the risk of developing pathologies and deformities in the baby increases several times. Most often, a woman in this case is offered to have an abortion or artificial birth.

People suffering from immunodeficiency conditions can be very difficult to tolerate such diseases and end up in a hospital and even in intensive care.

Measles vaccine: instructions for use

Vaccination introduces a weakened virus into the body. After defeating him, long-term immunity is developed. The composition of the vaccine includes about 1000 units of tissue doses. If a person does not suffer from serious diseases, then the body will easily overcome it and develop immunity.

The live measles vaccine is produced in Russia. After this vaccination, the body will be protected from only one type of disease - measles. This vaccine is grown on quail embryos, so people who are allergic to chicken protein are better off using this drug.

The measles vaccine is given under the shoulder blade or in the upper arm. A single dose is 0.5 ml for all. Children are subject to vaccination according to the schedule and all contact persons (who have not previously received protection in the form of vaccinations) for measles within three days from the moment the first symptoms appear in the sick person.

Vaccine mumps and measles

To get protection against several dangerous diseases at once, you can make a two-component vaccination. In this case, immunity is developed against measles and mumps.

This vaccine is also produced in Russia and is administered according to a standard schedule. Doctors should carefully study the child's history, because it is made on chicken embryos and contains the antibiotic gentamicin. These ingredients can cause severe allergic reactions. You need to read the instructions for the mumps-measles vaccine in advance.

This vaccine is produced in dry form, therefore, before administration, it must be diluted with a special solvent according to the instructions. Usually diluted 0.5 ml per dose.

After 3-5 minutes, the mixture should take the form of a homogeneous liquid of pale pink color. The vaccine is administered under the shoulder blade or in the shoulder. After dilution, the liquid cannot be stored and must be used or disposed of immediately.

"Priorix"

This type of vaccine contains particles of viruses from three diseases:

• measles;
• rubella;
• mumps.

With a single vaccination, you can protect the body from three dangerous diseases at once. This vaccine is produced in Belgium. COC is administered according to a standard schedule in the upper arm or thigh at a dose of 0.5 ml.

It must be remembered that women after vaccination should be protected from pregnancy for a month. Otherwise, the fetus may experience disturbances during the formation of organs at the first stage.

When is vaccination given?

According to the standard schedule, vaccinations are given twice. At 12 months of age, the first measles vaccine is administered. Repeated is carried out for children at 6 years old.

If the schedule is violated for one reason or another, then vaccination is carried out at any age with a minimum interval between injections of 6 months. Before the procedure, an examination by a pediatrician or therapist must be carried out.

Also subject to vaccination with measles vaccine during the epidemic, all people at risk who have not been vaccinated before. Such manipulations can also be performed on patients who have lost their medical records and do not know if they received the appropriate doses in childhood.

According to WHO, immunity develops within 4-7 weeks. During this period, the body is somewhat weakened and susceptible to various viruses. There is one feature of vaccines - in 5% of cases, immunity may not develop completely or partially, so it is imperative to re-vaccinate according to the schedule.

Contraindications

Any such manipulations should be carried out only after examination by a therapist. It is impossible to administer a measles cultural live vaccine during an acute respiratory viral infection or an exacerbation of a chronic disease.

The vaccine, like any other drug, has a number of contraindications:

• serious allergic reactions in history to the components;
• the presence of immunodeficiency;
• leukemia and other oncological diseases;
• pregnancy;
• severe complications after the first injection.

Diseases such as cerebral palsy, bronchial asthma, dermatitis and other chronic manifestations during remission are not a contraindication to vaccination.

It is necessary to refrain temporarily from vaccination after suffering serious diseases or injuries until the body is fully restored.

Side effects

The instructions for the live measles vaccine indicate that it is generally well tolerated. In rare cases, minor side effects may occur:

• temperature increase up to 38 o;
• fast passing rash;
• otitis media;
• upper respiratory infections;
• increased excitability;
• continuous crying (rare);
• pain and swelling at the injection site.

Such reactions do not require treatment and go away on their own after a while. It is possible to use drugs for temperature, which also have an analgesic effect in the first few days, as directed by the doctor.

Sometimes from the 7th to the 21st day, the child may develop a slight rash. Such a reaction is not dangerous for the baby, but requires the supervision of a pediatrician. The use of ointments is not welcome. The only exception can be severe itching in these places. Then the pediatrician prescribes antihistamines and ointments.

In the first few days after vaccination, it is advisable to avoid crowded places so as not to get an acute respiratory disease. During this period, the body will be somewhat weakened and prone to various diseases.

A vaccinated person cannot be a carrier of measles, mumps, rubella, so they will not bring danger to others.

The measles vaccine is included in the vaccination schedule adopted in Russia and it is assumed that the corresponding vaccination will be given to all children without exception. However, many parents refuse to be vaccinated out of fear for their child's health. Should I vaccinate my child against measles? In the article we will answer this question in detail.

Is measles a threat to our children?

For a long time, measles was a neglected disease and almost never occurred in children or adults. An outbreak of measles unexpectedly occurred in 2014 in Novosibirsk, then in 2015 in the Altai Territory, affecting about 100 people.

This is an example of how we need to take vaccination seriously. Even if the disease seems to have receded, one should not neglect vaccination, endangering one's own and other people's children, because cases of infection from abroad, unfortunately, are no longer uncommon.

First of all, parents should know that in the absence of vaccination, there is no such child who would not be able to get measles. Measles is a highly contagious virus, it easily enters homes and childcare facilities and easily infects children's bodies.

General information about the measles vaccine

The measles vaccine is nothing more than a live, but weakened, artificially created virus. The virus differs from its natural counterpart in that it cannot cause disease. Its capabilities and task are reduced to the mobilization of the immune system and the development of protection against infection for a period of about 20 years. The measles vaccine is highly effective and generally well tolerated.

Measles vaccination: timing, basic rules

According to the National Immunization Schedule, children against measles begin to be vaccinated at the age of one. The second vaccination - a kind of insurance against possible failed immune protection - should be given to a child at 6 years old.

It is important to observe the following rules here:

• due to the fact that vaccine viruses are easily inactivated by alcohol and other antiseptics, the injection site is not treated with such substances.
• the first two days after the procedure, you should refrain from walking so as not to catch a cold;
• can i bathe my baby after measles vaccine? After any vaccination, bathing a child for 2 days is not recommended.

Contraindications for vaccination are:

• immunodeficiency,
• leukemia,
• malignant diseases in which immunity is reduced,
• allergic reactions to aminoglycosides and egg protein.

Types of measles vaccines: which one to choose?

The live measles vaccine (ZHKV) is a monovaccine. Its virus is grown in a cell culture of quail embryos. Presented in dry ampoules. Contains a small amount of gentamicin. Stored at low temperature (+8°C).

This also includes the monovaccine Ruvax (Aventis).

Live mumps-measles vaccine - divaccine. Consists of the mumps virus and measles. Available in single dose ampoules. Also contains a small amount of gentamicin.

M-M-R II (America) is one of the most popular vaccines. This triple vaccine against measles, mumps, rubella is intended. There are vials of 1 and 10 doses, packed together with the solvent.

Priorix (England) - triple vaccine: measles, rubella, mumps. Contains some neomycin. The vaccine is produced in vials with a single vaccination dose.

Human immunoglobulin is a passive prophylaxis option for measles. It has been isolated from donor plasma. Use in the case when there is no possibility to vaccinate, but at least some protection is needed. The effect is short-lived.

Monovaccines are used in adults or if it is suspected that the child has been in contact with the patient. In other cases, children are routinely vaccinated with a triple or divaccine. They are equal in quality.

All vaccines are administered at 0.5 ml subcutaneously under the scapula.

Measles vaccine reactions

The triple vaccination against measles, mumps and rubella usually does not cause a reaction in a child. Allergic reactions may be associated with neomycin or chicken protein used in the creation of the vaccine. For children allergic to this component, the Russian monovaccine is preferable, which is prepared without the participation of chicken protein.

In addition to allergies, other reactions to the vaccine are possible, such as fever. A slight increase in temperature is considered the norm, only a high temperature (39-40 ° C) needs to be removed with antipyretic and antihistamine drugs.

In general, measles vaccination is not accompanied by clinical symptoms. Very rarely, mild symptoms of the disease may appear:

• conjunctivitis,
• runny nose,
• cough,
• 5% of those vaccinated may have noticeable rashes. This reaction lasts for about 2-3 days.

Despite the similarity of symptoms in the disease, after the measles vaccination, the child is not contagious.

Of course, each person can talk about the benefits and harms of vaccinations and even doubt their necessity. Nevertheless, the events of the past years have shown that vaccination cannot be ignored. The measles vaccine causes practically no complications in children, and its benefits are incommensurable compared with the possible consequences of the disease.

Lyubov Maslikhova, therapist, specially for the site

Useful video

Currently, measles vaccination is considered an important preventive measure. Measles is a very serious and contagious disease. It is transmitted during contact with a sick person. This disease is common only in humans. It is believed that measles is painless in children under 10 years of age. However, it is erroneous. Of course, the mortality statistics in children are not very high, but it’s still not worth the risk, it’s better to prevent infection.

In addition, measles can cause serious complications. They adversely affect the health of the patient and may interfere with a speedy recovery. Such complications are more often: encephalitis, abundant loss of proteins in the body, pathologies of the nervous system. They can occur in one person out of a thousand infected. In any case, an infectious disease will be very unpleasant to pass. Therefore, all required precautions must be taken.

measles vaccine

Live measles vaccination is quite effective in preventing the disease. In the event of an unpleasant course of infection, the vaccine helps to avoid serious complications and protect others from infection. Prevention of the disease should be carried out without fail. Especially it must be carried out in children under 4 years of age to avoid the disease. The children's body is most prone to infection.

There are two main types of measles vaccine:

• monovalent;
• polyvalent.

The monovalent vaccine contains only one component - a weakened measles virus. It is set to prevent only one disease and does not apply to others. A polyvalent vaccine contains several components. It aims to produce antibodies against several diseases. The vaccine may include 2 to 4 components, for example: measles, rubella, chicken pox or measles, mumps and rubella.

The effectiveness of vaccines is the same regardless of how many components they contain. The World Health Organization releases only safe and beneficial vaccines to the pharmaceutical market. They are all interchangeable and do not affect each other's usefulness. There are no negative consequences from the use of different drugs.

The measles vaccine is available as a dry powder. Before the injection is introduced into the body, the dried powder is diluted with a solvent. The diluted drug should be stored for no more than an hour, otherwise it loses its ability to induce immunity to infection. Simply put, it becomes pointless to use. The measles culture live dry vaccine is stored frozen at a temperature of -20 to -70°C. The diluted vaccine can be stored in the refrigerator for up to 5 hours. Also, the measles cultural live dry vaccine must be stored in colored flasks so that the sun's rays do not penetrate the preparation. Because of them, the vaccine loses its properties and becomes useless.

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What is the measles vaccine for?

Vaccination is an important factor in preventing the onset of the disease. It does not allow the occurrence of an epidemic and complications in case of infection. The risk of measles infection is quite small. Out of 100 thousand vaccinated people, only one can get sick. And the disease is much easier to tolerate than in the absence of vaccination.

Many parents have heard that infections such as measles, chickenpox and rubella are better tolerated by children, and after a person has been ill, lifelong immunity to these diseases is developed. In fact, this theory is not entirely true. A child, like any other person, will not be given an infectious disease so easily. Therefore, the measles cultured live prophylactic vaccine, or MVP, must be given to the baby at an early age in order to avoid spreading the infection to other children. Newborns are immune to the disease for several months. It is thanks to this that children are not immediately vaccinated, but only 9 months after birth. If the baby's mother had measles, then she passed on her immunity to the child, perhaps he will not even need vaccination against this disease.

ZHKV (decoding - live measles vaccine) allows the body to build strong immunity to this disease.

It is called live because it contains a very weakened virus that cannot spread throughout the body. Immunity begins to immediately respond to infection, thereby trying to prevent the spread of the disease within a person. And in the event of a subsequent infection with the same virus, protective antibodies will instantly attack it.

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Measles vaccination of children and adults

Vaccination for children and adults is considered an important procedure. It is necessary for two main reasons:

1. Unfavorable epidemiological situation. It is affected by increased migration of people who may be carriers of various infectious diseases from other countries or regions.
2. Thanks to timely preventive vaccination, the number of people infected with measles has been reduced by 15%.

Adults need to be re-vaccinated before the age of 35, because. The first vaccine given in childhood gives immunity for 20 years. After that, with age, the immune system becomes susceptible to the disease. The measles culture live dry vaccine should be re-introduced into the body to avoid accidental infection. In adults, the disease is more difficult to tolerate.

Many experts recommend re-vaccination to avoid the occurrence of an epidemic among the people around the patient. Measles complications for adults are very dangerous. They can bring much more worries than measles itself. In this case, you will have to treat several diseases at once in addition to the main one, and this will create unnecessary problems for a sick person.

Children should be vaccinated without fail, since at an early age the body is not yet strong and is subject to serious complications. The child should be vaccinated only at least 9 months after birth. This is due to the fact that the child's immune system in the first six months of his life is too weak to introduce an infection, so his body is protected by antibodies transmitted from the mother.

Doctors recommend vaccinating a child from the age of 1 year, since the susceptibility to infection will be one hundred percent, and the immune system will be able to cope with the disease on its own. In some countries, measles vaccination is carried out for the first time at 9 months, and the second - at 18. This is due to the fact that the likelihood of getting sick even before the formation of immunity is extremely high.

Most often, re-vaccination of children is carried out at the age of 6 years. It aims to avoid measles epidemics. Vaccination for preschoolers avoids infection in children and prevents mass epidemics or quarantine. Now it is quite possible, but about 10 years ago, a massive measles epidemic was not uncommon.