Side effects of vaccinations in children: possible reactions. Consequences of vaccination of children

Any vaccination is a direct intervention in the human immune system. The effect of vaccinations is obvious, and thanks to them, many epidemics around the world have already been prevented. But before sending children for vaccination, it is advisable for parents to know about possible adverse reactions. What they can be, you can find out in the article.

Types of vaccines

Children in the first years of life are faced with many pathogenic viruses and bacteria. Most of them pose a serious threat to health. To protect the body of children from possible infection or complications of the disease, vaccination is used. Protective antibodies are produced in the body, and the risk of getting sick is significantly reduced. Immunity from many drugs persists into older years.

For successful vaccination, it is necessary to make injections correctly, take into account all contraindications, pay attention to the quality of the vaccine, compliance medical standards Russia, the correctness of its storage and validity. In recent years, different manufacturers have used different technologies in the manufacture of drugs. The degree of purification, the amount of antigens, the substances used, the biomaterial and preservatives may vary.

The basis for vaccines can be of different types:

• live microorganism;
• inactivated (that is, with a killed virus or bacterium);
• toxoids;
• recombinants (the result of genetic engineering);
• associated or combined vaccines;
• synthetic virus recognizers.

Each drug has its own schedule of use, contraindications and indications, method of administration. There are also primary vaccinations and revaccinations in subsequent years. The usual vaccination schedule in Russia for children looks like this:

1. in newborns. BCG in the first week of life, with revaccination at 7, 14 years. Vaccination against hepatitis - on the first day, then revaccination in a month and six months;
2. in the third month, prophylaxis against tetanus, whooping cough, diphtheria with DTP is usually started. Then you need a three-time revaccination in subsequent years;
3. after a year of life, vaccinations against measles, rubella, mumps are made, and from 6 years old - revaccination.

The above vaccines in Russia have actually been mandatory for many years. Only upon a written refusal in the maternity hospital, kindergarten or school they will not be made to children. Additionally, you can optionally get vaccinated against less dangerous diseases, such as influenza, whose epidemics occur every few years. Also, if the children did not have time to get chickenpox before going to kindergarten, they are vaccinated against it.

Depending on the type of disease, vaccines can be with different bases. For polio, tuberculosis, rubella, mumps and measles, live preparations are used. Inactivated vaccines are used against hepatitis, whooping cough, meningitis, and rabies. Toxoids are used for tetanus or diphtheria.

Consequences of vaccinations and vaccinations

Any vaccine is immunobiological preparation, and can cause two types of reactions: post-vaccination reactions and post-vaccination complications from vaccinations. In the first case, reactions are usually typical and are observed in most children. The second are side effects, more dangerous and less common.

Post-vaccination reactions - changes in the condition of the baby, which usually disappear in a short time. Such reactions are unstable, they do not pose a threat to health. Complications from vaccinations are persistent changes in the body of children after vaccination. They are longer and can lead to health problems.

Side effects after vaccinations usually occur for the following reasons:

• due to the poor quality of the drug, improper storage and use after the expiration date;
• administration of the drug in the presence of contraindications;
• improper procedure;
• individual characteristics and reactions of the body;

Video "Popular myths about vaccination"

Skin reactions

After DTP, complications from vaccinations, according to statistics in Russia, occur in about one child in 20,000. Skin reactions may include allergies, swelling of the injection site, severe enlargement or induration. Reddening of the skin may also occur. Usually within a few days, skin side effects disappear.

The tetanus vaccine may cause redness at the injection site, allergic rash. The diphtheria vaccine is statistically less aggressive. There may be pain at the injection site or in the entire limb, and allergies. The combination vaccine Pentaxim (pertussis, Haemophilus influenzae, tetanus, diphtheria, and polio) rarely causes lumps and bumps at the injection site in children.

The hepatitis B vaccine is very reactive in terms of its effects on the body. From skin manifestations pain, swelling and redness, induration can be noted, which disappears after two days. Up to 3 days, urticaria or Quincke's edema may persist.

Depending on whether a live or inactivated polio vaccine is used, external reactions may differ. In Russia, live is produced and more often used. Skin reactions from it are weak, but from inanimate there are: swelling, redness, pain and induration of the injection site. AT rare cases Allergy may begin (Lyell's syndrome, urticaria, Quincke's edema, Stevens-Johnson syndrome).

Measles, varicella, rubella, Priorix and MMR from local reactions can cause severe swelling(more than 50 mm), redness (from 80 mm), induration (from 20 mm). The reaction lasts for a day. A non-allergic rash is possible, up to two weeks, as well as typical allergic reactions up to 3 days.

internal reaction of the body

If skin complications from vaccinations or after vaccinations pass quickly and are rarely dangerous, then more attention should be paid to internal reactions in children. In DTP, it can be afebrile and febrile convulsions, migraine, disorder digestive tract, fever above 39 degrees, loss of consciousness, low blood pressure and muscle tone.

From tetanus in children is possible heat, sleep disturbance, migraine in the first two days. Bowel and appetite disorders can last up to 3 days, as can convulsions. From dangerous complications it should be noted optic neuritis and auditory nerve as well as encephalitis or meningitis. They can last up to a month.

In rare cases, there are reactions to the Pentaxim vaccine in the form of convulsions, severe pain in the limb, poor digestion. It is noted that the most severe internal reactions are precisely to the second vaccination.

There are many internal complications after the anti-hepatitis vaccine. It's high fever, migraine bad dream, runny nose, muscle pain, low blood pressure and fainting, convulsions, up to 3 days. Up to 5 days, digestion may be disturbed. Of the dangerous reactions, there are: arthritis and polyradiculoneuritis up to a month, meningitis and encephalitis up to a crescent.

live vaccine from poliomyelitis can cause in children: flaccid paralysis, vaccine-associated poliomyelitis, digestive tract upset, headaches. The temperature usually rises after inactivated type drug. After BCG, there are: fever, osteomyelitis and osteitis, inflammation of the lymph nodes, generalized BCG infection.

Post-vaccination reactions

Unlike post-vaccination skin or internal complications, these reactions are absolutely normal and do not pose any threat to the health of children. On the contrary, they indicate that the drug has been absorbed by the body and the production of antibodies has begun. Normal reactions the following:

1. from BCG - a papule at the injection site, which erodes and leaves a small scar;
2. vaccinations against rubella, mumps, measles - soreness at the injection site;
3. DTP - body temperature up to 38 degrees for 2-3 days, slight swelling and pain at the injection site;
4. hepatitis B vaccine slight pain at the injection site for 2-3 days.

Video "Reactions and complications from vaccinations"

Dr. Komarovsky, a well-known pediatrician from Kharkov, will try to tell caring parents how dangerous vaccinations can be, and whether it is worth resorting to them in principle.

Sergei Shlensky from Yaroslavl turned to the editorial office of AiF-Yaroslavl with his misfortune: he claims that his 6-year-old son became disabled after vaccination - he fell ill with diabetes. Sergei wrote statements to the prosecutor's office and Roszdravnadzor.

kill immunity

“No one ever told me that vaccination could lead to such terrible diseases, how diabetes, autism, Alzheimer's disease ... Although in medical instructions it's all there, - Sergei Shlensky began his story with excitement. - And nowhere parents are given objective information. Although, according to the law of the Russian Federation, doctors are obliged to do this (Law No. 157-FZ of 1998 “On Immunoprophylaxis”).”

6-year-old Gosha was ill for a long time colds. All this time, parents wrote a refusal to be vaccinated. A few days before vaccination, the caregiver kindergarten gave mom a paper that her son should be vaccinated. Gaucher was given a triple vaccine to protect the boy from measles, mumps and rubella.

Almost immediately after the injection, the baby developed lethargy, weakness, lost appetite, and began to drink a lot.

“Literally a week later, the child was twisted,” Sergey recalls frustratedly. - Almost in a coma brought to the hospital. All the symptoms of diabetes appeared. Only my wife and I did not know this then - we did not have anything like that in any of our tribes. I lead healthy lifestyle life: running, no alcohol, no tobacco, from spring to autumn, my children and I are in a dacha in a pine forest. That is, I understand what needs to be done so that children have strong immunity. What could kill this immunity? My opinion, after having studied a mountain of literature, is vaccinations.

Now Gosha has to live on insulin. Photo: From the personal archive / From the personal archive of S. Shlensky

Prove nothing

“My son is in the hospital, I see new children with diabetes are admitted every day,” Sergey continues. - Approached everyone: were there any vaccinations? There were - some in a week, some in two, some in a month. I turned to investigators, prosecutors, but they immediately said: the health department will not find a causal relationship between the vaccine and your disease. However, endocrinologists at Children's Hospital No. 3 recognized the fact that vaccination can be a trigger in the development of diabetes."

The unfortunate father also got to the doctors he knew: in private conversations with Sergei, they did not hide the fact that he was right in his assumptions. But they openly refused to support - everyone was afraid for their reputation and their place, which can be lost for such "frankness".

Where do babies get cancer from?

Sergey, a history teacher by education, began to study the problem on his own, shoveled great amount literature and scientific papers famous doctors. In the editorial, he quoted us a letter from an onco-immunologist, Professor Gorodilova, to the Russian National Bioethics Committee: “No matter how temporary the forms of immunopathology may be, they all come down to imbalance T cell systems, leading functionally and structurally to numerous disorders in the health of the child. Vaccines, on the other hand, speed up, spur the process of "expenditure" of lymphocytes, artificially leading the human body to premature aging hence the senile diseases in young people. In oncology, the imbalance between the rate of the immune response and tumor growth is fundamental. The growth of oncological disease outstrips the rate of reproduction of lymphoid cells that react to it, which, moreover, are aimed at combating the incessantly incoming antigens - vaccines.

More and more diabetics

According to Sergei Shlensky, diabetes is generally a terrible statistic. And he quotes desk book diabetic" of Astamirova and Akhmanov, which he handed to them in the clinic pediatric endocrinologist: “Let me remind you that we are still dependent on the supply of medicines from abroad, that not all of our doctors are ready to treat and teach with open heart that the main ones in our medicine are officials, not doctors, that we still have enough scammers and some of them have been on TV screens for more than a year. However, the true state of affairs is increasingly being voiced in the media, and prominent diabetologists are no longer afraid to tell the truth. And it is this: in Russia there are not two or three million diabetics, but twice, three times or four times more.

Why in recent times recorded a sharp increase in the number of cases?

“As far as I found out, vaccines contain mercury, lead and other nasty things,” Sergey continues his investigation. - And the order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation dated March 23, 1998 No. 82 “On exclusion from the state register medicines preparations of mercury and its compounds" prohibits the use in medical preparations mercury. But it is still present in vaccines, and no one is following this order!”

One of the most pointless vaccinations, Sergei, along with his fellow doctors, considers the flu shot. The flu virus is constantly mutating, and it is not at all necessary that the next epidemic will be caused by the strain in the vaccine. So the vaccine won't work! In addition, doctors say that it is necessary to take into account the individual parameters of the body, starting with the characteristics of immunity and ending with a tendency to allergies. Without taking these factors into account, vaccination can end in disaster.

Parents were not asked

The place from the injection was very sore for two weeks, the girl became covered with a rash. The child is engaged in professional sports - athletics, and then all sports results immediately deteriorated. A week later she lost her appetite, she became thirsty, frequent urination, weakness. We went to the clinic. After it turned out that the girl's sugar jumped, she was taken to the hospital in an ambulance. The diagnosis is diabetes mellitus. By the way, none of the relatives had suffered from it before. Now the girl is on disability.

"Take it, I can't"

Little Gosha's life is ruined. So far, he was allowed into the kindergarten only for 2-3 hours, because the child needs communication with peers.

"When he was given New Year a gift with sweets, the son gave it to me with tears: “Take it, dad, I can’t.” I was ready to burst into tears here myself, ”Sergey sighs.

Why is there no research into the effects of vaccines?

"We live in a greedy and cruel world- Sergey is sure. “Money is being made on everything, including drugs and vaccines.”

And our children are paying for it.

Opinion of the authorities

Vaccinations needed

Medical opinion

Parents have the main responsibility

Alexander Kostlivtsev, chiropractor: “40-50 years ago people ate differently, breathed different air, rarely used antibiotics. With the help of vaccinations during this period, it was possible to cope with many formidable diseases.

But the world has changed: drugs, toxins, allergens have violated immune status person. Reactions to vaccinations have become more frequent, serious complications have appeared.

Our state gives a choice - to vaccinate a child or not. Our vaccination campaign is voluntary, and parents should understand how responsible this step is. Vaccination is not only an injection or droplets, it is an invasion of human immunity, the individual consequences of which are difficult to predict. Leaving the decision to the pediatrician, parents remain responsible for the fate of their child.”

Inside view

Disease of the system

What is wrong with our health care today?

Irina Fedorova, ENT doctor of polyclinic No. 2 clinical hospital No. 9 of Yaroslavl: “A few recent years undergoing a healthcare modernization program. For patients, this should be an improvement in the quality of care provided. specialized care, its high technology, accessibility. For the doctor - improvement of working conditions, new equipment, change wages. Did it work?

My office is still the same as before: a table, two chairs, a head reflector, a table lamp. Maybe the number of tools has changed since 1985? No.

A unified medical policy gives the right to attach to medical institution place of residence, not domicile. Due to the attached ones - an increase in the number of the population served and, accordingly, the number of treatment rates or additional payments for an increase in the volume of work. In fact - the "dead souls" of the attached. As a result, it is difficult for patients to get an appointment, since the same number of narrow specialists work. Hence the complaints, insults and statements about the commercialization of medicine.

As part of the healthcare modernization program, medical examinations have been resumed and routine vaccination population that was forgotten in the 1990s. This improves early detection. severe ailments and protect against seasonal illness.

I heard that our salary has increased significantly. I have not noticed. The only thing a narrow specialist can count on is a salary of 6,500 rubles plus an allowance for seniority, however, it is not clear what it is. Janitors' salaries start at 12,000, while we have more and more often up to 12,000.
To date, all the problems of medicine are problems of the management structures and organization of health care, their interaction with each other.

P.S. The editors sent inquiries to territorial body Roszdravnadzor in the Yaroslavl region, the regional department of health and pharmacy and Rospotrebnadzor. As soon as the answers come, we will continue this topic.

Over the past years goes by irreconcilable struggle of supporters and opponents of vaccination. Each camp has its own truth, supported by numerous arguments. In the article, we have collected facts and opinions of doctors about the benefits / harms of vaccinations. Also, from the material below, you will learn how vaccination is carried out in foreign countries, and why abroad refused to use some vaccines that are still used in Russia.

Vaccination: more harm or benefit?

Table 1. Harms and benefits of vaccination of children

What vaccinations are given in Russia and in other countries

Each country has its own national calendar preventive vaccinations.

For a long time, vaccinations in Russia were given to everyone in without fail, the only exceptions were babies who had a medical challenge due to contraindications. Since 1998, a law on voluntary vaccination has been adopted, but doctors still insist on vaccinations.

Complications from the CNS (central nervous system) refer to the crying of the child that does not stop for several hours. The frequency of this reaction is 1 in 200 cases. This crying may be due to headache, increased body temperature and strong pain at the injection site. In addition, convulsions may occur, accompanied by loss of consciousness, vomiting. Complications after vaccination require immediate medical attention .

Complications also occur after other vaccinations. But the worst thing is that cases of child deaths after vaccinations have been recorded around the world.

Sad statistic:

• In 2006, nine regions of Russia reported cases severe complications after vaccination of children against influenza.
• In 2009, a six-month-old girl died in Omsk after being vaccinated against hepatitis and polio.
• In 2009, a teenage girl died in the UK after being vaccinated against cervical cancer. Three more of her classmates sought medical help.
• In 2013, a three-year-old girl died in the Perm Territory after being vaccinated against the flu.

Prevention of complications from vaccinations

Only healthy baby can be vaccinated. In addition, parents and relatives who come into contact with the child should not get sick.

Before vaccination, the child must:

1. pass general analysis urine;
2. take a general blood test;
3. be examined by a pediatrician or an allergist-immunologist.

Is it dangerous to vaccinate children: expert opinions

Evgeny Komarovsky — pediatrician, candidate medical sciences, author of popular books and television programs, dedicated to health children, and social network"Komarovsky Club":

“As a person who has worked in an infectious diseases hospital for quite a long time, I can state with confidence: with regard to all diseases against which vaccinations are made, the probability of the disease remains very real. Children get sick with these diseases, and the outcomes are, to put it mildly, different. Therefore, for normal, sane and prudent parents, there is not and cannot be any discussion about whether vaccinations should be done or not. Be sure to do it!”

Maria KRYUK, pediatric infectious disease specialist:

As a pediatrician, I really dislike vaccination in the first year of life, because every vaccination slows down the development of children. After each vaccination, any child within 2-3 weeks can get sick with any disease more easily than not vaccinated. Because, by intervening in the immune system in a rather decisive way, we, as the founder of vaccination E. Jenner, said, “by vaccinating against one disease, we open the way for others.” It really makes sense to vaccinate only if an epidemic is approaching. And when there is no such risk, then it is better to stop vaccination. According to my observations, children vaccinated in autumn-winter period routine vaccinations, they get sick a lot. But, as a rule, doctors do not associate this with vaccinations. And I keep track of children who are not vaccinated, and I see that in general these children get sick several times less, and if they get sick, they are easier to treat and recover faster.

Director of the Research Institute of Pediatrics, Professor Maria Shkolnikova:

Vaccination against pneumococcal infection is a major breakthrough in national health care. The fact that it is included in the national vaccination calendar will allow us to extract an additional resource for reducing child mortality and serious morbidity.”

Galina Petrovna Chervonskaya, professor-virologist:

It is impossible to "eliminate" any infectious disease "only with the help of vaccinations." Like, get grafted - and you will be safe for yourself and for everyone around you. It’s not enough to say that it’s a myth, it’s a utopia about another “universal happiness” in a bright, infection-free paradise, allegedly achieved only with the help of vaccines. The illusion that all infectious agents will be defeated, one has only to vaccinate "everyone in a row", i.e. one problem - one solution, gives rise to a Criminal approach to this preventive medical intervention into human nature. However, it is precisely such a system “because of convenience from an organizational point of view” that continues to be promoted by an army of doctors and health officials who are involved in one way or another in vaccinations, but not in vaccinology with the basics of immunology. A diabolical obsession arises: without vaccination, the child seems to be inferior, although in fact it is quite the opposite.

In our country, immunoprophylaxis of a child is voluntary and requires parental consent to vaccination. The main thing to remember is that not only health, but also the life of children in the future depends on the decision made today.

There is a huge amount of talk and debate about whether it is worth vaccinating yourself and your children. And there is simply no clear answer to this question. Both supporters and opponents of vaccination have strong enough arguments to defend their position. Therefore, the choice for today is exclusively for the parents.

About DTP

Probably all mothers know that this is one of the mandatory vaccinations which are necessary for kindergarten and school. But what does this abbreviation mean? And from what, in fact, are they vaccinated the baby? DPT - this This vaccination is done intramuscularly - in the ass or leg of the child. Terms: the first - in three months, again in 4 and 5 months. Next comes revaccination.

Complications

But why are parents so afraid of DTP? Complications after vaccination - this is the first and perhaps the most main reason. Most often, if complications arise, they do not go further than a small temperature and the baby's anxiety. But this is also unpleasant. The child may not sleep well, be capricious while awake, and have a slight temperature. The injection site may also be disturbing - seals, redness, soreness - that's what can happen after vaccination. But what do doctors say about this? If the consequences of vaccination are just that, it is absolutely not scary. On the contrary, it is even good to some extent, because every normal organism is simply obliged to respond to the introduction of a foreign substance.

Severe consequences

But there are situations when it is not so easy to pass Complications are quite severe. If the baby's temperature rises to 40 degrees, do not waste time, you should immediately apply for medical assistance. This is an atypical reaction of the body, and doctors are simply obliged to report each such case to a special committee that controls the quality of vaccines. In addition to the temperature, the child may have anaphylactic shock- pressure drops sharply, varying degrees of complexity can be observed. Such complications are also possible after DTP vaccinations like defeat certain bodies- kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, heart, disruption of the central nervous system. But it is worth noting that they happen extremely rarely. And caused rather by unprofessional administration of the vaccine, wrong conditions its storage, possibly by the addition of various kinds of infection. It should also be noted that the child will also need DPT revaccination. Complications after these vaccinations practically do not occur.

Preparation for vaccination

According to the advice of doctors, it is worth preparing for vaccination. Especially if these are complications from which - not news. Parents should first find out what kind of drug they will be. Today, there are many different vaccines with different composition. It is not worth saving if it is possible to buy the desired vaccine on your own, with which the child will be vaccinated. Here you can take into account the characteristics of the baby's body, as well as the composition medicinal product. Parents should first make sure that the vaccine was stored correctly, whether it will be administered by a good specialist, etc. Only after all these manipulations can you not be afraid to make such a vaccination as DPT. The risk of complications in post-vaccination period in such a situation will be minimized.