Subjects of conversations on the topic of alcohol. Alcohol stimulates, gives strength. Alcohol is not dangerous for young people

Conversation on the topic:

"On the dangers of alcohol, drugs and smoking."

Prepared by:

Teacher of additional education

Negasheva E. A.

Novoshakhtinsk

year 2013

About the dangers of alcohol

Alcohol is present in the life of almost every person. Someone drinks on holidays, someone likes to relax with a portion of alcohol on weekends, someone abuses strong drinks all the time. Alcohol has an unprecedented effect on the human body, causing harm in any dose. If you try to ask why alcohol is harmful, most will not be able to give an exhaustive answer.So, alcohol is not safe for the body. Let's start with the circulatory system.

The supply of oxygen through the vessels is regulated by myriads of red blood cells, which have some fatty coating. Under the influence of alcohol-containing liquids that have entered the body, alcohol penetrates into the blood, degreasing red blood cells. Having lost their elastic and sliding properties, erythrocytes begin the process of sticking together. The resulting clot, like a snowball, as it moves forward, wraps more and more red blood cells around itself. Thus, the flow of oxygen through the capillaries and vessels is reduced or completely stopped.

The main damage caused by erythrocyte clots is caused to the brain, in which, due to lack of oxygen, cell death begins.

But not only the brain is affected dangerous impact alcohol. The whole body is subject oxygen deficiency. Due to clogging of blood vessels with clots, the flow of oxygen-enriched blood stops flowing to all organs and tissues of our body.

Seeing when a person who has been drinking alcohol falls and falls asleep, we write it off, just for a state of alcohol intoxication. But not everything is so simple. Fallen from alcohol influence a person, comes, in some kind of coma, caused by blockage of blood vessels. From a lack of oxygen, the body cannot be controlled and a person's legs give way, speech becomes illegible. Hypoxia of the brain, which brings a person into a state of "not standing", is nothing more than oxygen starvation. An organism that lacks oxygen in order to prolong its existence suspends its metabolism and reduces the movement of muscles and joints.

When drinking alcohol, the level of intelligence begins to fall. Any alcohol consumption is accompanied by the death of brain cells. The process of addiction to alcohol goes unnoticed, but with regular use of alcohol, without noticing it, a person begins to degrade as a person and loses interest in life, becomes dependent on alcoholic beverages. I would like to mention that there is no harmless dosage of alcohol.

In people who drink, especially those who abuse alcohol, cardiovascular disease different types are observed about two and a half times more often than those who do not drink alcohol. The first place in prevalence belongs to alcoholic cardiomyopathy, which is characterized by frequent pain in the region of the heart and rapid heartbeat - tachycardia. The symptoms of this disease are also fatigue person, reduced work capacity. All manifestations of the disease have the character of a gradual increase. The heart muscle, very flabby, having lost its former elasticity, ceases to fully cope with increased loads- after all, most of it consists not of the heart muscle, but of connective tissue, which is not functional. Shortness of breath can be caused by light running, fast walk and even slow climbing stairs. Further - even worse. Shortness of breath already appears with calm walking, and then even with a state of absolute rest. And so, as if on the sly, the development of heart failure occurs, cardiac arrhythmia begins, or, for example, such scary things, like atrial fibrillation and flutter, a violation of the conduction of impulses that cause contraction of the heart muscle.

Also, based on work with many patients suffering from diseases cordially vascular system, it was also proved that in persons who abuse alcoholic beverages, the course of the disease is much more acute than in those who do not drink alcohol. First of all, this concerns IHD (Ischemic Heart Disease). And myocardial infarctions in people who abuse alcoholic beverages are much more extensive and deep. Yes, and hypertension has an affinity with the use of alcoholic beverages.

The famous doctor from Germany, Kraepelin, recorded his research at the beginning of the twentieth century. In particular, one curious fact was indicated in these records.

The entry said that alcohol is not so terrible, since more than half of the world's population are women, and they are practically not involved in alcohol. But if alcoholism takes root among women, then the new generation will simply not be healthy, or even completely destroyed. Here is such a prophecy.

Dr. Kraepelin was no doubt right. Alcohol, as studies have shown, has a very detrimental effect on germ cells, does not allow them to develop systematically, and makes them not viable. And alcohol also makes other irreparable changes in the reproductive system. It is because of these changes that drinking women often permanently lose the opportunity to become mothers, and men - fathers. Let us not forget for a moment that intemperance alcoholic beverages often turns into its shadow side, but not immediately, but after many years, when the children are already preparing to become fathers and mothers. And here it turns out that it is not given to them to become parents themselves. And the vice of the parents put a barrier, and now a young man, wanting to become a father, cannot, like a girl, will not become a mother. Scientists are increasingly writing about this “reverberated effect” and about how dangerous it is.

Many girls, in response to all sorts of warnings, say in their defense: “Yes, my friend drank, and unhealthy image she led a life, but now, she became pregnant and is expecting a child. Yes, drinking woman get pregnant, of course. But only in such a situation, the pregnancy scenario is not necessarily simple and smooth. Often drinking mothers observe toxicosis, infections, and other complications. Birth can begin ahead of schedule, which is highly undesirable.

In general, if we talk about two such concepts as alcohol and offspring, then the answer immediately comes to mind - “Absolutely incompatible!”. And it would be better if everyone who wants to have healthy, full-fledged normal children remember this. Unless, of course, there is a desire for a strong, healthy, talented and beautiful successor of the family to appear in the family. We must not forget that, in the very first place, the health of a son or daughter depends on how healthy the lifestyle of the parents, both father and mother.

The human liver, as it is known, plays an important role in the regulation of the anticoagulant and coagulation systems of the blood. In people who drink alcohol, the lack of this balance is expressed in different ways. In some, blood clotting disappears and at the slightest injury they experience severe bleeding that are not easy to stop. For others, clotting becomes so strong that blood clots form in their blood vessels, which can lead to blockage of blood vessels.

Research. Conducted over the past decade, it is possible to identify the relationship between systematic drinking of alcohol, even not heavy, and the level of liver damage after these drinks. According to numerous empirical data: the development of fatty liver in the body with regular use of alcohol develops on average in a period of five to ten years, depending on how much the patient abused alcohol. And after fifteen to twenty years, it is observed active development cirrhosis of the liver. Is this data worth considering? Of course!

Harm of smoking on the human body:

Smoking is injurious to health

About five million people die each year from smoking-related diseases worldwide. Only in Russia, nicotine takes a thousand lives every day.

Smoking clogs arteries and causes heart attacks and strokes. The heart rate of a smoker is 15,000 beats per day more than that of a non-smoker, and the delivery of oxygen to the tissues is significantly reduced, since the vessels are constricted.

Smoking, a major risk factor for respiratory diseases: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( Chronical bronchitis and emphysema), pneumonia.

Tobacco and tobacco smoke contain more than 3000 chemical compounds, more than 60 of which are carcinogenic, that is, capable of damaging the genetic material of the cell and causing growth cancerous tumor. Tobacco has long been proven to be a cause of death from lung cancer in 90% of all cases.

Under the influence of smoking, visual acuity also decreases. Scientists have been talking about the dangers of smoking for the eyes for many years, but only modern research were able to confirm the bitter truth for smokers: the substances contained in the cigarette are really dangerous for the eyes, because of them the blood supply is disturbed choroid and the retina of the eye. Every smoker, and especially those who have a long smoking history behind them, is at any time threatened by the formation of blockage of blood vessels, and this can completely lose their sight.

There are diseases caused mainly by smoking alone. It - obliterating endarteritis(disease of the vessels of the legs). Vasoconstriction occurs and blood flow to tissues and cells is severely disturbed. Most terrible consequence this disease - amputation of the limb(s). According to Russian doctors, every year about 20,000 leg amputations are performed in our country due to obliterating endarteritis.

Clinical trials conducted during recent years, proved that the skin smoking person ages faster than a non-smoker. For example, it has been shown that the skin of a forty-year-old woman who smokes for many years can be as destroyed as the skin of a seventy-year-old non-smoker. Doctors call the appearance of such changes in human skin the "tobacco" face syndrome.

At smoking men 3 times more likely to experience impotence compared to non-smokers. Similarly, women who smoke suffer from frigidity 2.5 times more often than non-smokers. This is due to the fact that nicotine contributes to the narrowing of the vessels of the genital organs.

Smoking harms not only the physical, but also mental health person. Smokers are more nervously exhausted than others. They loosen their nervous system, living from cigarette to cigarette, and are ready to flare up not only for an insignificant, but for an insignificant reason. Due to a violation of the correct course of nervous processesa person becomes irritable, quarrelsome, he develops, as they say, "a difficult character"

Harm of drugs

It's no secret that drugs are poison. Regardless of the amount taken, they cause irreparable damage to our health. Drugs, due to their effect on the psyche, most often a state of euphoria, cheerfulness, a feeling of increased emotional and physical tone, have become widespread throughout the world. According to statistics different countries, total people who use illicit drugs make up more than 20% of the world's population. Sharp rise popularity of drugs occurred in the middle of the twentieth century, among supporters of the hippie movement, which was very popular at that time, which originated in the USA in the 60s of the last century, then millions of people across America began to use marijuana, later this fashion spread throughout Europe and Asia, and marijuana has been mistakenly labeled as a soft drug that is almost harmless.

Hemp, cocaine, LSD, heroin, ecstasy, methadone are the most famous and popular, although in fact there are many types of drugs, they destroy almost all organs and systems of the body, the brain, liver, kidneys, heart suffer the most, reproductive organs. Average duration life of a drug addict, with constant intravenous drug use, about 6-8 years, then most often the liver (liver cirrhosis is very common in heroin addicts) or the heart can not stand it.

Much depends on at what age, in what doses, with what frequency and what type of drugs are used. It is not uncommon for people to die from drug accidents, commit suicide, or die from an overdose, and most often the goal in the life of an addict is to get a dose.
The most common reason why people start using drugs is a thirst for new sensations, a desire to escape from a boring gray life, forget about problems, relieve stress, but when the "high" passes, a state of depression, apathy, and hopelessness often appears. The desire to use drugs again, with each new dose, becomes stronger, drug-addicted people have withdrawal symptoms ( withdrawal syndrome), and the more often a person uses drugs, the faster and more acutely it manifests itself.

When the action of the next dose ends, the body requires more, dependent person the thought does not leave where to get another dose of the drug, a nervous trembling appears, cold sweat, convulsions, numbness of the limbs, often diarrhea, nausea, pain in the joints and muscles, headaches, dizziness, insomnia, the person becomes emotionally unstable, irritable, easily falls into a rage, becomes prone to violence and this is not full list all the symptoms that a drug addicted person may experience during withdrawal.

The addicts themselves describe the state of withdrawal as pain piercing the muscles, twisting the joints, twisting the insides and melting the brain ....

The state of withdrawal can last quite long period, from several days to 2-3 months, depending on the type of drug, the susceptibility of the body, and the stage of neglect drug addiction. Often, psychoses occur in drug addicts, most often after a long break, consciousness is clouded, hallucinations often occur, memory lapses, many suicides occur in a state of drug-induced psychosis, most often under the influence unreasonable fear, sometimes spontaneous desire to die. Some drugs cause the effect of self-hypnosis, a person convinces himself that everything that happens in his head happens in real life, in this case, any unpleasant thought can become a reason for suicide, or violence against other people.

The increase in the number of people who use drugs cannot but affect the next generations, people who use drugs very often give birth to unhealthy children, with serious physical defects, chronic diseases, serious pathologies, the number of miscarriages reaches 50%. Very often parents of drug addicts abandon their children, or they are deprived of the right to raise them.

Of particular concern is the fact that the age of people who use drugs is getting lower, according to statistical surveys in Russia, almost 40% of schoolchildren aged 12-13 have tried certain drugs in their lives (including tobacco and alcohol), in Europe almost 30 % of people aged 15 years have tried illicit drugs. In many cases, indulgence in soft drugs later develops into a more serious addiction to drugs that are much stronger and more dangerous.

Now around the world, drugs are considered illegal, every year power structures hundreds of tons are confiscated around the world drugs, kilometers of hemp fields are burned, hundreds of drug dealers are arrested, drug rehabilitation centers are being created, but despite all this, the number of drugs is growing every day, as is the number of people who want to use them. Main mistake such people is that they believe that drugs will bring them happiness, make their life more fun and eventful, but they soon realize that they were wrong, and not everyone has the strength to return to normal life ....life without drugs.

Average age
Conversation - reflection "Alcoholism and health"
Target : propaganda healthy lifestyle life.

Tasks :
- form a negative attitude towards alcohol;
- help to determine what promotes health and what harms;
- encourage children to choose a healthy lifestyle.

Organizing time : looking at posters on the topic “No bad habits!”
move lessons:
In ancient times, people got acquainted with the extraordinary amusing effect of certain drinks. People did not immediately notice that the next day a person pays with a headache, weakness, and a bad mood. Our distant ancestors had no idea what terrible enemy they have purchased. Alcohol is a poison for any living cell. Under the influence of alcohol violated almost all physiological processes in the body, which can lead to serious illness. The fastest and most destructive effect of alcohol is on brain cells, the tissue of the kidneys, heart, blood vessels, and liver is reborn. An intoxicated person loses control over himself and a critical attitude towards his behavior. In a state of intoxication, a person can tell any secret, loses vigilance, ceases to be careful.
Proverb Contest:
- The drunken sea is knee-deep, and the puddle is up to the ears.
- What is on the mind of a sober man is on the tongue of a drunk.
- Drunkenness destroys the mind and conscience.

Wellness moment:
people from birth
They cannot live without movement.

Exercise "Mountain" (for posture):
Lower your hands down, straighten your back, do not tilt your head. Slowly raise your arms up and clasp them over your head. Imagine that your body is like a mountain. One half of the mountain says: "The power is in me!" and stretches up. Another says: "No, the power is in me!" and it also goes up. "Not! they decided. “We are two halves of the same mountain, and the strength is in both of us.” They both pulled together, strongly - strongly. Slowly lower your arms and smile. "Well done!"
Reading: "The Tale of Alcohol."
Fairy tale discussion.
- Who arrived in the city late in the evening? What did the companion bring with him? What did he start selling in the city? -What strange things began to happen in the city after the arrival of a stranger and why? -What did the inhabitants of the city decide to do on the advice of the sages and why? It is possible to understand whether a person is ill with alcoholism: there are obvious early symptoms this disease: 1. A person has a pathological craving for alcoholic beverages. 2. A person ceases to control the amount of alcohol they drink. The brain gets used to fighting alcohol. Each time, the alcoholic begins to consume more and more alcohol. On the other hand, he gets drunk from ever smaller doses. Since we are talking about health, it is necessary to warn about how alcohol affects the body. Alcoholism renders negative impact on the digestive system: gastritis, gastric ulcer, hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver, cardiac arrhythmia may occur, the person becomes irritable, gets tired quickly, mental illness, confusion, visual and auditory hallucinations. And, of course, a drunk, alcoholic is not able to do any work of high quality - neither physical nor mental. Who needs such a worker, a specialist! Conclusion: drinking alcohol is "a voluntary insanity, there is actually no reason to drink it. Alcohol cannot help solve any problems, but only aggravates the situation. A teenager must understand that it is unacceptable to drink before the age of 18 to join the adult world (violation of the law); only as an adult, decide for yourself how to relate to alcohol. Summary of the lesson: Drinking people are not able to adequately think and accept right decisions, in a state of intoxication tend to commit offenses. Alcohol is poison. Sports, hygiene, nutrition, regime, hardening - all these are the components of an active and healthy lifestyle, which means that these are the true friends of our health. But whether we are healthy or not depends entirely on us. Literature:
1. Prevention of drunkenness, drug addiction, substance abuse, smoking, AIDS. A course of lectures and programs, ed. A.V. Lyakhovich. - M., 1991
2. Fundamentals of a healthy lifestyle / I.I. Sokovnya-Semyonova. Issue. 2 - M., 1997
3.

And, nevertheless, you can be sure that there is no harmful effect of alcohol on the immune system only when a person does not drink alcohol at all, but everyone else is subject to the consequences of alcohol in one way or another. Not a single cog in our body remains indifferent to even the smallest doses of alcohol, and the reaction of the body indicates that it does not like alcohol at all.

The effect of alcohol on the pancreas and stomach

Take the first hit digestive organs: pancreas, esophagus, stomach - alcohol destroys cells inner surface digestive organs, causes burns and causes tissue necrosis; causes atrophy of the glands responsible for excretion pancreatic juice, and the death of cells that respond and produce insulin, which leads to malfunctions in absorption processes useful substances, stagnation of food in the stomach and prevents the release of digestive enzymes.

In other words, the intake of alcoholic beverages will sooner or later respond with the appearance sharp pains in the abdomen, digestive problems, inflammation of the pancreas, diabetes, gastritis, oncological diseases stomach.

Influence on the cardiovascular system

Having visited the stomach and intestines, alcohol continues its way - and penetrates into the blood, where it continues to harm our body.

1. Alcohol destroys red blood cells- the blood cells of our body. As a result, damaged and deformed red cells lose their ability to deliver oxygen from the lungs to the tissues, and carbon dioxide back, apart from many other important functions. As a result, we have a person aged thirty-five to forty with a whole bunch of diseases of the cardiovascular system, including atherosclerosis, arrhythmias, and ischemic disease hearts - taking into account the fact that this person consumed alcohol in moderation.
2. Impaired blood sugar regulation under the influence of alcoholic beverages, which automatically leads to a decrease or decrease in the level of its content, which, in turn, leads to the most unpredictable and severe consequences: vascular problems, diabetic conditions, brain disorders and malfunctions nervous system.
3. As harmless as it may seem, a drink like beer, when consumed in large quantities, is extremely dangerous for the cardiovascular system. The absorption of beer leads to the formation of a "beer" - or as it is also called "bull" - the heart, so named from the increased size. Such a heart acquired as a result of fun drinking parties is prone to more frequent contractions, which increases the risk of arrhythmias and high blood pressure.

Effects on the nervous system and brain

It should be noted that they suffer the most from alcohol. The harm caused to the nervous system and brain by alcohol cannot be hidden, unlike other organs, the processes of destruction of which are difficult to immediately notice.

Let's start with the fact that the concentration of alcohol in the brain is an order of magnitude higher than in other organs, and that is why alcohol is of great danger to the brain, as it is extremely toxic to brain tissue - and only for this reason we so clearly notice the state of intoxication when drinking alcohol. drinks. We have made it a habit to reward this state with almost quotes from poems: “get drunk”, “forget”, “blood seethed from the drunk”. In reality, the facts are much more prosaic, and the reality is unsightly - a pleasant state of intoxication is nothing more than the process of destruction of the cerebral cortex, numbness and subsequent death of its parts.

Photos of the brain drinking people they are horrified: the brain is reduced in volume, wrinkled, all covered with scars, edema, ulcers, with an abundance of dilated (and somewhere simply torn) blood vessels, with a terrifying number of cysts in those places where necrosis of brain tissue occurred.

The nervous system also falls under the influence of alcohol - as a result of paralysis of the centers of mental dispatch, that is, concentration of attention also arises, difficulties arise with the perception of the world around us, mental development begins to lag behind, thinking is inhibited, mental problems arise, there is a high risk of drug addiction, and, finally , there is a gradual degradation of personality.

Besides, a large number of alcohol (from one to one and a half liters for an adult) can lead to a coma, and / or death.

Helpless in the battle with alcohol and the liver, as pernicious influence on not repeatedly enhanced by the oxidation of ethanol to acetaldehyde - highly toxic and very dangerous substance. The subsequent separation of acetaldehyde affects the liver in the worst way.

Numerous metabolic disturbances occur due to mass death liver cells, in place of which scars are formed, which are not able to perform the functions of the liver.

The most famous and widespread disease caused by alcohol is cirrhosis of the liver. What is this disease and what does it mean? Under the influence of alcoholic beverages, over time, the liver shrinks and becomes smaller, which is fraught with squeezing of blood vessels, increased pressure in them and blood stasis. The rupture of blood vessels, which is logical in this situation, leads to bleeding. As a rule, in the vast majority of cases, this ends in death.

Can alcohol be helpful?

There are also positive sides alcohol intake, identified in the course of numerous studies. Of course, positive influence possible only when alcohol is consumed in scanty quantities.

An excellent prevention of atherosclerosis is the intake of red wine, which stabilizes the metabolic process, removes all kinds of toxins from the body and strengthens the immune system in general. Champagne and white wine are useful for the “undermined” heart system.

Inflammation of the lungs, bronchitis and colds on the help will come mulled wine (warmed red wine with spices). Reducing the risk of diseases of the cardiovascular system, cancer, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, slowing down aging is possible if you occasionally drink beer. And even vodka has distinguished itself by its usefulness - it lowers the cholesterol content in the blood.

So under what circumstances does alcohol cause a positive effect on our body? According to the data that scientists pored over, the dose of alcohol that will not harm, and maybe even be useful, for men is twenty grams of pure alcohol, for women - ten grams. For clarity, this norm is contained in 300 grams of beer, 100 grams of wine, 30 grams of vodka.

Preventive talk about the dangers of alcohol.

Target: Inform about the consequences and dangers of drinking alcohol.

Nowadays, the problem of alcohol consumption is very relevant. The whole society suffers from this, the younger generation and the health of expectant mothers are at risk.

The harm of alcohol is obvious. Alcohol is carried through the blood to all organs and adversely affects them, up to destruction. With the systematic use of alcohol, alcoholism develops. And the main problem is that most of the alcoholic products produced by non-state enterprises contain a large amount of toxic substances. The use of such products leads to poisoning, and even death.

Alcoholic drinks contain two main components - these are ethanol(ethanol) and water. Ethyl alcohol is found in tomato and orange juice, used as a solvent for cereals, stain removers, perfumes. The color of alcoholic beverages is given by vegetable dyes, and the aroma is achieved through other additives. The strength of alcoholic beverages is measured in degrees.

Alcohol has several main effects in the body:

toxic effect on brain cells

changes biological processes brain

provides the body with energy;

slows down the central nervous system, reduces its effectiveness, acts as an anesthetic;

stimulates urine production big welcome alcohol, the body loses more water than it receives, as a result of which the cells become dehydrated);

temporarily disables the liver (after drinking a large dose of alcohol, about two-thirds of the liver can fail, but the liver usually fully recovers after a few days).

When alcohol is consumed, the transmission of impulses in the nervous system slows down. Inhibitions, anxiety and excitement disappear, they give way to a feeling of euphoria. This is due to damage to higher levels of the brain. And as a result of damage to the lower levels of the brain, vision, speech and coordination of movements deteriorate. Expanding small blood vessels, as a result of this, heat is radiated and the person becomes hot, at the same time the temperature drops internal organs. There may be an increase in sexual desire, which is associated with the suppression of ordinary prohibitions. As the level of alcohol in the blood increases, physical sexual activity worsens. Eventually, the toxic effect of alcohol causes nausea and vomiting. The first signs of alcoholism are the presence of cravings. Liver damage leads to alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis, followed by ascites (fluid in the abdomen), bacterial peritonitis (inflammation of the lining abdominal cavity), brain damage, esophageal bleeding from varicose vessels (with increased pressure in the veins of the liver), enlarged spleen, functional renal failure, anemia. Violation of blood clotting leads to its large losses. The consequences of alcoholism persist for many months after a person refuses alcohol. Alcohol destroys the body's hormonal regulation systems, and this area is one of the most unexplored, violations in it can lead to serious illnesses.

The cause of alcoholism is unknown, but alcohol abuse is not the only factor. It is believed that the cause of predisposition to alcoholism is a biochemical or genetic defect. Studies show that people at increased risk of becoming alcoholics are less likely to get drunk than non-alcoholics. The development of alcoholism can contribute to a certain social background and personality traits.

Nature has endowed a woman with one of the highest duties - to be a mother. We do not doubt that everything beautiful in a person comes from the mother, that without her there would be neither poets nor heroes on earth. Tenderness and beauty, love for children and dedication, care for them, for the family are associated with the name of a woman, a mother.

Abuse of alcohol entails a load of diseases and ailments, premature old age. A woman either completely loses the ability to become a mother, or, even more tragically, if she gives birth, then a weak, handicapped child. She weakens or completely extinguishes the instinct of motherhood.

Wasting your life on drunkenness is not only shameful, but also criminal! addiction to alcohol can be overcome, that it is not too late and not ashamed to be treated. Thus, regardless of the form of drunkenness, each intake of alcohol causes pronounced changes in the body, and subsequent and increasingly large doses of alcohol lead to mental degradation of the individual and a general illness.

Sobriety is the norm!

Talk about the dangers of alcohol

The purpose of the conversation: to help students to comprehend and significantly expand their knowledge of harmful influence alcohol on mental and moral formation of a person, explain what harm drunkenness and alcoholism causes to society, and indicate possible ways fight him.

Pythagoras

Conversation plan:
1. How alcohol destroys mental and physical health human?
2. What social, economic and moral harm does drunkenness cause to society?
3. How to fight against drunkenness and alcoholism?
Equipment and inventory:
1. Questionnaire "Using alcohol by minors".
2. There are posters with Russian proverbs on the walls:
"He destroys himself, who loves to drink."
“He harms himself who often looks into a glass.”
"From a glass of vodka to the grave - the path is short."
“A river starts from a stream, and drunkenness starts from a glass.”
3. Literature:
"Alcohol is the enemy of health!" .,
How do you become an alcoholic? ,
"The whole world is against drunkenness." .,
« Bad habit victorious";
"Another accusation is alcoholism." .,
"Alcohol and the Heart." .,
“The effect of alcohol on the human body”, etc.
The epigraph is written on the board:
Drunkenness is an exercise in madness
Pythagoras

The course of the conversation
Before the start of the conversation, a questionnaire is distributed, students fill it out and hand it over to the teacher.
Teacher: As you probably noticed, the questionnaire is anonymous. Sometimes when drinking alcohol, guys want to seem like adults, but adults openly admit to being afraid. The question arises, for whom do you want to show your adulthood? Participants: Answer the question. Teacher: Often a drunk person is dangerous for himself and others, because he does things that he would never have dared to do in a sober state. In some cases, drunks are prone to unmotivated impulsive acts, causing themselves and others injuries. It also happens that in intoxication the character is perverted: calm and restrained become irritable, prone to drunken brawls. With the growth of intoxication, speech becomes incoherent and incomprehensible, the ability to make a reasonable judgment is lost. Attention and memory are sharply weakened, intoxicated people confuse people, objects, speak to themselves and to inanimate objects.
Sometimes young people drink before going to a party or disco to boost their mood. Have you had such cases? You saw such people at parties, characterize their behavior as an outside observer.
Participants: Share impressions, memories
(The teacher focuses on negative points)
Teacher: When mild degree intoxication, euphoria, expressed in an unsharp form, arises - high spirits, which leads to an overestimation of one's strengths, abilities and capabilities. Drunk people become cheerful, carefree, strike up conversations and friendly relations with strangers. They speak loudly, argue, sing, impose themselves with conversations on others. In a state of intoxication, they usually sharpen characteristics intoxicated. Such persons can be unrestrained, tactless, picky, intrusive, unceremonious, often they lose their shame, sense of tact, human dignity. For some, after a fair amount of drinking, dullness immediately sets in, they have little contact with others, and they do not have a phase of high spirits.
Do you know why this happens?
Participants: Express their assumptions.
Teacher: During alcohol intoxication, the inhibitory process first of all suffers, that is, the protection of the cerebral cortex disappears, and the cells are quickly depleted. Alcohol acts on the process of irritation, as a result, it sharply depresses the higher nervous activity.
From this it becomes clear why an insignificant occasion, to which a sober person would not pay attention, causes a violent reaction in a drunk (weakening of the inhibitory process). At large doses alcohol significantly upsets the coordinated activity of the cortex and underlying centers (subcortex), sometimes paralyzing the transfer of excitation from one cell to another. This is what physiological mechanism behavior of a drunk person.
Alcohol, acting on various parts of the brain, deprives them of the oxygen necessary for normal functioning cells. A drunk person in the brain has big number small hemorrhages, a significant number in the vessels are clogged. gradual increase loss of brain cells is manifested in a slow reaction of a person and a decrease in his intellectual abilities. When a drinker dies, an autopsy reveals a huge number of atrophied brain regions. That is, when a person drinks, albeit irregularly from time to time, irreversible changes occur in his brain.
What other organs are affected by alcohol?
Participants: Talk about diseases caused by alcohol.
(The teacher makes the necessary additions during the conversation)
Teacher: But you didn't mention one more factor. Society bears an incalculable loss in the form of drinkers - many times more than the income from the sale of alcohol. And in a number of social evils, alcoholism ranks far from last place. These are broken families fast loss qualification yesterday a good specialist, a worker who has turned into a parasite, a useful member of society, who has fallen into crime.
It has been established that even the smallest doses of alcohol reduce labor productivity in different people but 5-10%. Even in moderate drinking man there is a decrease in labor productivity by 4-5%, while in an alcoholic in a state of a hangover, working capacity can decrease by 50%. It should be remembered that the unprofitability of production for this reason alone is the higher, the higher the professional qualifications of a working drunkard and alcoholic.
Those who drink on Sundays have a 10-13% decrease in productivity on Monday. And then big holidays the production rate is reduced by 25-30%.
Please give examples from your experience when alcohol has changed or affected a person's destiny.
Participants: Describe examples they have encountered.
Teacher: Okay, we have learned enough, but tell me, how to deal with drunkenness?
Participants: Express options for treatment, prevention.
(Teacher makes additions as needed)
Teacher: Addiction to alcohol in adolescents can occur in 1-1.5 years, that is, much faster than in an adult. That is why even small doses of alcohol are unacceptable for students. Preventing alcoholism is easier than treating it.
For example, sometimes it seems to you: it is worth smoking or drinking vodka - and you are already a “Real man”. There are probably such guys in your group. At recess, they gather in the restroom, smoke, spit on the floor, swear through the word. When you were smaller and dumber, you were a little jealous of their swagger and also wanted to become a “man”. Or maybe you've already joined them.
Well, there is nothing easier. You can also smoke. At first it will be dizzy, and then you get used to it. But why?
The power of man does not lie at all in doing the forbidden. It only seems to be a strength, but in reality it is a weakness.
One of good ways strengthen the will - not to succumb to evil temptations. Rise above those who laugh at you when you refuse to smoke. Tell yourself: "I don't drink vodka."

Of course, it may happen that in doing so you lose some of your friends, or even make enemies. Being "not like everyone else" is a little dangerous.
But you will win in the eyes of real people. And in their own. The point is not that someone forbade you to smoke, drink, play for money. You forbade it to yourself, which means you have a will.
Conclusion and Conclusions:
Teacher: I hope now you will change your view of alcohol. The examples that have been given show that drunkenness is a beautiful wrapping of grief and evil. Remember Physical Culture, sports, activities in circles, proper organization free time prevent the development bad habits including drinking habits. I advise you to read books such as "", "Return to Life", " Grey mouse» V. Lipatova. I want to wish you not to become like the gray mass of ignoramuses who elevate drunkenness, almost to national pride.