Side effects after polio vaccination. Polio vaccination: possible complications. Types of vaccines and principle of action

Poliomyelitis is a disease that is difficult to treat. Drugs against it have not yet been invented. That is why it should be preventive measures for the fight against poliomyelitis. The best remedy is a timely vaccination that becomes a barrier and protects the body from poliovirus, prevents the consequences that threaten all people who have had this terrible disease.

Polio is scary infection most common in children. With this disease, the gray matter is affected by the poliovirus. The disease is considered highly contagious and spreads quite easily, as the virus is resistant to almost any impact on it. Even when frozen, it retains its viability for another 3 months. Only ultraviolet radiation is destructive for him ( sunlight) and antiseptic preparations(hydrogen peroxide, Chlorhexidine, Furacilin). It can be infected in the following ways:

ordinary airborne droplets when sneezing or coughing an unhealthy person;
ingestion of contaminated food;
at domestic use one device for food or towels with the patient;
water ingestion.

The most susceptible to poliomyelitis is considered to be children under 5 years of age, at which the immune system has not yet strengthened. The most frequent outbreaks of poliomyelitis are recorded in the spring and summer.

Diagnosis is complicated, since the disease almost always begins without pronounced symptoms or in an erased form and resembles a cold or a minor infection in the intestine. The patient has slight temperature, weakness, sweating, runny nose, redness of the nasopharynx, loss of appetite and diarrhea.

Possible manifestation of poliomyelitis in 2 forms:

typical, which affects the central nervous system;
atypical, which does not affect the cells of the central nervous system.

The disease leads to severe consequences, which depend on in which part of the brain the process of cell death proceeded. The following are possible residual effects after illness:

spinal, in which paresis and paralysis of the trunk and limbs are observed;
bulbar, in which there are disorders associated with the functions of swallowing and breathing, as well as speech disorders. Is the most dangerous;
damage to the facial nerve;
brain damage.

In most cases, the consequences are related to the stage at which the treatment was started, as well as the seriousness of the attitude towards rehabilitation. With paralysis, the patient is threatened with lifelong disability.

Important! If a possible contact with a patient with polio is identified, the contact person should be isolated and medically monitored for 21 days.

Why is vaccination needed?

Poliomyelitis is a disease whose outbreaks are still occurring today, especially in Asian countries. Russia's borders are open to everyone. No one will be able to determine whether the child is infected or not. Russian territory. The disease is very contagious, and you can get sick with it, being in the same room as the sick person. That is why the timely vaccination and revaccination complex is considered the best way to protect against poliomyelitis.

Polio prevention

Vaccination is considered the best way to prevent poliomyelitis. Immunologists have developed two great friends from another type of vaccination:

live vaccine. The oral polio vaccine (OPV) is based on suppressed but live viruses. This is used medicine exclusively in Russia. It is produced in the form of a pinkish liquid. It has a specific bitter taste. Protects human body from different strains of poliovirus.
Inactivated vaccine. This drug contains basically dead particles of poliovirus. Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) is given by injection. From it there is practically no side effects, but this remedy less efficient. So in exceptional cases vaccinated people can become infected with polio.

Composition of vaccines

OPV is made in Russia. The bottle holds 2 ml medicinal product, which is enough for 10 doses when instilled 4 drops per person. Its shelf life subject to temperature regime is 2 years. The vaccine contains a preservative - kanamycin, which is an antibiotic derivative of streptomycin.

IPV produced in France. The drug is packaged in separate disposable syringes with a dosage of 0.5 ml. In addition to the killed poliovirus, its composition also includes a preservative - 2-phenoxyethanol, which is an antioxidant.

The principle of vaccination

The principle of the vaccine is that the injected dead or weakened viruses affect immune system, stimulating it to produce specific antibodies as defensive reaction organism. Previously, it was sufficient to vaccinate only the IPV vaccine. But, like any disease, polio mutates and new, more resistant strains appear. Therefore, the introduction of only killed particles of the virus is no longer enough.

It is considered more effective to introduce live poliovirus particles into the body. But when vaccinated with such a vaccine, a negative reaction of the body is possible. That is why the preparatory stage is important.

Preparation for vaccination

Before vaccination mandatory requirement is preparation for it.

The child should not have had any colds or more serious illnesses for at least 2 weeks before vaccination.
To reduce negative reactions to the drug used, it is recommended to use 2-3 days before the vaccination procedure. antihistamines. They must be prescribed by a doctor.
Immediately before the introduction of the drug, the patient should be examined by a doctor. It is better if, shortly before vaccination, the baby passes clinical researches blood and urine. Pediatricians very rarely prescribe tests before the procedure, so parents should insist on this.
The vaccine is better tolerated if the child is a little hungry before the drug is administered. It is necessary to avoid feeding and another hour after vaccination.
The vaccinated child should be given more fluids, but only after an hour after the administration of the drug.

Important! A vaccinated child can be a source of the disease for 2 weeks. Children who have not been vaccinated should not communicate with such children.

Video - Live and inactivated polio vaccines: pros, cons, action, reaction

How is the vaccination done?

The method of vaccination depends on which drug is administered to the child.

live vaccine. If the product contains live, weakened particles of the virus, then vaccination is carried out by instilling it into the baby's mouth (4 drops). Moreover, this should be a specific place: either the tonsils or the root of the tongue. The child must not spit it out. No consequences of an overdose of the drug are noted. The health worker conducting the vaccination does it with a dropper, pipette or syringe without a needle.

Poliomyelitis today is a disease that has been practically erased from the memory of society. The polio virus manifests itself in our country in isolated cases, which are echoes of outbreaks in other countries.

But we should not forget that polio is a highly contagious disease that affects the neurons of the spinal cord and brain, thereby causing spinal paralysis in children. Thanks to the vaccination of the population, the number of annually diagnosed cases of the disease has decreased by 99%, which can be considered an undoubted victory over the deadly virus raging in the last century.

Vaccination plays leading role in the prevention of poliomyelitis. Vaccination is able to create strong immunity to the virus in more than 90% of vaccinated patients. Let us consider in more detail what the polio drug is, how and where the virus drug is administered, and whether there are contraindications to this vaccine.

The cure for a terrible virus - how and where to vaccinate

The drug used in the vast majority of cases as prophylactic against poliomyelitis is an oral polio vaccine of types 1, 2, 3.

The form of release of the vaccine is a solution for oral administration. A solution of pink color, a specific taste, drips into the mouth at a dosage of 4 drops. The drug is dripped either on the root of the tongue or on the tonsils to prevent the child from spitting out a vaccine that is not the most pleasant to taste.

It is important! Within an hour after vaccination, it is forbidden to drink / seize the drug, otherwise the vaccine may be split by secreted gastric juice. In this case, vaccination can be considered meaningless and ineffective.

Usually the nurse uses a pipette or a plastic dropper attached to the drug. Also, the introduction of the drug can be done with a conventional syringe with a previously removed needle.

There have been no cases of overdose of the drug, and the instruction for the drug states that in the event of an accidental overdose of the drug, any undesirable consequences does not come.

In cases where oral administration of the vaccine is unacceptable or has caused adverse reactions from the side intestinal tract, an inactivated vaccine is allowed for use. It is injected into the shoulder of older children, but for babies up to one and a half years old, the injection is preferably done in the subscapular region or thigh region. The inactivated vaccine has a number of advantages over the oral vaccine, some of which are:

you can eat and drink immediately after the injection;
does not affect the intestinal microflora;
does not reduce local immunity;
more exact dosage provides high efficiency drug;
the drug is more practical to store and use;
there are no preservatives based on merthiolates that are hazardous to health.

The vaccine is available in individual syringes (dosage - 0.5 ml), the drug is also found in the composition complex vaccines.

When is the polio vaccination given?

Polio vaccination schedule preventive vaccinations is put three times, the interval between each administration of the drug is from 4 to 6 weeks. Between the first three vaccinations, shortening the vaccination interval is not allowed. Lengthening the interval is allowed only if there are contraindications and a medical withdrawal from this vaccination.

Vaccination against intestinal virus, causing neurological complications and paralysis, is carried out when the baby reaches 3 one month old. Then the medicine is administered at 4 and 5 months. Revaccination according to the schedule is done at 18 months, 20 months and the last - at 14 years.

Vaccination course set National calendar preventive vaccinations. Also, a vaccine against the virus is given according to epidemiological indications in the event of an outbreak of polio in locality or directly to a childcare facility.

Vaccination always raises a lot of questions, disputes and worries among parents. The polio vaccine, which can sometimes cause problems for a child, tops the list of most needed vaccines in childhood. After all, this severe disease affects motor neurons, causing paralysis and other dangerous changes in the body.

What is polio

Poliomyelitis is spinal paralysis in a child. After the virus enters the body and multiplies, it affects the gray matter spinal cord, as a result, muscle paralysis develops, the neurons of which are more affected by the virus. Polio vaccination can only prevent this disease. When vaccinated, the child must be free of any respiratory diseases and exacerbation of chronic diseases.

The disease can proceed in an erased or latent form (without symptoms), so it is sometimes difficult to identify it. Polio is most common among children aged 6 months to 5 years. At this age, it is very difficult to keep track of the baby, so the risk of getting sick increases greatly. And given that polio is transmitted by airborne droplets, we conclude: they can get infected in the most unexpected place.

That is why the polio vaccine is so important. There have always been many parents for and against vaccination. Learn positive and negative points vaccinations can be from this article.

The polio virus is volatile and resistant to external influences. It can persist in dairy products, water and feces up to half a year. That is why in the twentieth century this disease took the form of an epidemic.

The causative agent of the virus

The causative agent of poliomyelitis belongs to the picornavirus family and the group of enteroviruses (viruses that multiply in the intestine). Exists in the form of three independent strains. All these strains are usually contained in the polio vaccine. Side effects on the body will not harm the health of the child.

The virus is a single-stranded RNA enclosed in a protein shell with the inclusion of lipids. It is not affected by environmental factors, resistant to freezing, but quickly dies when boiled. After entering the body, it multiplies in the tonsils, intestines and then affects the gray matter of the spinal cord, causing the destruction of motor neurons and atrophy of muscle tissue.

Polio Symptoms

It is possible to determine the presence of a disease in a child in time by the symptoms initial stage. As a rule, this is:

increase in body temperature;
intestinal disorders;
severe headaches;
rapid fatigue of the body;
occurrence of seizures.

If the child has not been vaccinated, then the first stage quickly passes into the second, and paralysis and paresis occur, localized in the muscles of the limbs and the deltoid muscle. Less often, paralysis of the muscles of the face, neck and trunk can occur. To avoid possible infection vaccination against polio will allow. Reviews of the drugs used can be studied in detail on the Internet.

To protect your child from such dangerous disease It is best to get vaccinated against all three viruses that cause polio well in advance. Otherwise, with paralysis of the muscles of the diaphragm, a lethal outcome is possible.

What is the polio vaccine

A vaccine involves the introduction of a weakened or killed virus into the body, as a result of which immunity to the disease will be developed. The multiplying virus will provoke the production of antibodies in the blood, and after a while it will be completely eliminated from the body, while the child will have the so-called "passive" immunization.

The effect of the polio vaccine depends directly on the place of its introduction. Distinguish oral and inactivated form of the vaccine. The oral vaccine is given directly into the child's mouth, so it is more effective, but it can cause complications.

Since the natural virus replicates in the gastrointestinal tract, the oral vaccine will help produce more strong immunity against poliomyelitis.

The inactivated vaccine is given by injection and is less harmful to child's body. Both drugs contain three known strains of the virus, so vaccination completely protects the child from the possibility of contracting polio.

When is vaccination given?

AT medical institutions there is a certain system of vaccination of children:

at 3 months, the first administration of an inactivated vaccine (IPV) is carried out;
at 4.5 months - a second IPV is introduced;
at 6 months - the third IPV;
at 18 months, a second revaccination is carried out with the introduction;
at 20 months - the second OPV revaccination;
at the age of 14, the last vaccination against polio is given.

When all vaccines are made according to the schedule, the child develops a strong lifelong immunity to the disease. In cases where the vaccination schedule has been violated, it is necessary to take care of individual control and timely administration of the drug in order to protect your child from dangerous diseases. Proper vaccinations will give your child lifelong immunity.

How many vaccinations against polio you need to do, you can find out directly from the doctor, or by studying this issue with the help of specialized literature.

Where is the polio vaccine given?

The introduction has its own characteristics. administered orally - a pinkish liquid must be dripped onto the lymphoid tissue of the pharynx for babies, for older children the vaccine is dripped onto palatine tonsils. This is necessary to prevent increased salivation, since getting the vaccine into the stomach neutralizes its effect (under the influence gastric juice it collapses).

Note! If the baby has spit up, the procedure for administering the vaccine will need to be repeated.

The inactivated vaccine is administered to babies intramuscularly in the thigh area or subcutaneously in the shoulder blade area. For older children, the vaccine is administered intramuscularly, in the shoulder area.

Polio vaccination: pros and cons of combining it with the DTP vaccine

The DTP vaccine is given to protect your child from whooping cough, diphtheria, and tetanus. In our medical institutions, DTP and IPV are most often done together. The vaccine can be given in two various drugs or in a complex way, with drugs such as Infarix Gesta and Pentaxim.

Do not worry that the combination of IPV with DTP will cause more complications than a single polio shot. Side effects from this combination of drugs do not increase and are often completely absent.

Immunologists have proven that the joint administration of vaccines contributes to the development of a child's strong immunity to all diseases at once. However, it is best to consult with your doctor individually on this matter, as DTP is severe for the body, and in some cases it is better not to combine these vaccines. When vaccinated healthy child no complications occur.

What drugs are used for vaccination

Complex or monovalent preparations can be used to immunize a child. Among the monovalent inactivated vaccines popular in our country:

For small child The only guarantee of protection against the disease is vaccination against polio. Most of the reviews of parents and doctors about her are only positive. What can I say, it can generally be called vital necessary procedure. And if the recommendations of the pediatrician are followed, the side effects will be minimal and safe for the health of the baby.

For carrying out complex vaccines are used:

A live orally administered vaccine is not used and is therefore not produced in European countries. The live vaccine is produced in Russia and contains a stabilizer (magnesium chloride) and three known strains of the virus. Polio vaccination, the side effects of which can lead to the development of vaccine-associated polio, requires responsibility from the doctor and parents when vaccinating the baby.

How to prepare your child for vaccination

Before the introduction of a live virus, the child must undergo an examination by a pediatrician, at which it will be decided whether it is possible for him or her to this moment to vaccinate. It is forbidden to vaccinate a child who lives in the same house with a pregnant woman if she is not vaccinated.

Important! Polio vaccine for children who are taking immunosuppressive drugs or have birth defects development of the gastrointestinal tract is strictly prohibited.

It is also worth paying attention to the result of previous vaccinations - were there any side effects and how did the post-vaccination period proceed.

After the oral vaccine is administered, the child should not be allowed to drink or eat for one hour, in which case the vaccine will be destroyed and will not affect the child's immunity against polio.

Polio Vaccination: Side Effects and Health Hazards

When timely and correct vaccination is carried out, side effects are manifested in rare cases and are insignificant. It can be:

general weakness of the body;
slight increase in body temperature;
redness and slight swelling at the injection site.

Symptoms after vaccination against polio appear, as a rule, after 1-2 days, and after a few days they disappear without any intervention.

In very rare cases, when a live vaccine is given, a child may develop vaccine-associated poliomyelitis. It is important to note that such consequences from vaccination occur only if the child has congenital immunodeficiency, malformations of the gastrointestinal tract, or the person has AIDS. In all other cases, polio vaccination is safe.

against polio

The introduction of a live oral vaccine is strictly prohibited when:

the presence of malignant tumors;
neurological disorders (particularly those caused by a previous vaccination);
exacerbation chronic diseases or the presence of acute diseases;
immunodeficiencies (AIDS, HIV).

Vaccination is necessary for every child, but taking into account his individual characteristics. During the period breastfeeding or pregnancy, a woman can be vaccinated against polio, if necessary. Whether to vaccinate against polio for their child, each parent decides for himself. But still, it is better to overcome your fears and protect your baby from such a dangerous disease through timely vaccination.

The danger of the disease lies in the defeat of the pathogen nerve cells spinal cord of a child, which is accompanied by paralysis and subsequent disability. The only reliable way to avoid infection is the polio vaccination. There are currently no other methods for preventing the development of the disease.

How does the polio vaccine work?

It is known that vaccination against polio has a similar principle of action with all standard vaccinations. A severely weakened or killed pathogen virus is introduced into the human body, it begins to multiply, forcing the immune system to produce antibodies. Through certain time the bacteria will be cleared from the body, but will continue to provide "passive" immunization. There are currently two types of polio vaccines:

OPV - oral live vaccine from poliomyelitis;
IPV is an inactivated injectable vaccine.

Drops

The polio vaccine in drops is also called "live". The composition includes all three types of weakened disease virus. The method of administration of the drug is oral, the liquid has pink color with bitter-salty taste. The doctor applies 3-4 drops to the child's palatine tonsils so that the drug penetrates into the lymphoid tissue. The dosage must be calculated by a physician, due to an incorrect determination of the amount of the drug, its effectiveness is reduced. With this vaccination option, part of the bacteria can get into the child's stool (becomes infectious), which will cause infection in unvaccinated children.

Inactivated polio vaccine

This type vaccination is considered safer, because there is no live virus in the composition, the probability of manifestation is almost zero side effects. The use of IPV is allowed even with reduced immunity of the child. The drug is administered intramuscularly under the shoulder blade, shoulder or thigh muscle. On the territory of Russia, as a rule, one of the options is used the following drugs:

Imovax Polio. The Belgian vaccine consists of three types of polio virus. The effect of the drug is very mild, it is allowed for use at any age, for children with low body weight. May be used with other vaccines.
Poliorix. French drug, the method of exposure is similar to the vaccine described above.

Who should be vaccinated against polio

Vaccination against poliomyelitis is recommended for everyone, it should be carried out even in infancy. Parents can choose not to get vaccinated, but doing so carries the risk of developing the disease. In Russia, doctors advise vaccination along with DTP (whooping cough, diphtheria, tetanus), except in cases where the child's schedule was drawn up individually. The joint implementation of these vaccinations will develop a strong immunity in the baby from these diseases. Two can be used for vaccination different drug, for example, Imovax and Infanrix, or a combined version - Pentaxim.

Vaccination schedule

WHO has developed a special schedule for developing strong immunity in children to the disease. Vaccination against poliomyelitis on the example of the IPV type in the territory of the Russian Federation has the following scheme:

3 months - 1st vaccination;
4.5 months - 2nd;
6 months - 3rd.

Revaccination

After the first three vaccinations against the disease, it is necessary to revaccinate, which is done according to the following schedule:

18 months – 1st revaccination;
20 months - 2nd;
14 years old - 3rd.

How is the polio vaccine given?

On the territory of Russia, OPV and IPV preparations are allowed for vaccination. As a rule, in the first year, the baby is vaccinated against polio using an inactivated virus. This type of drug is more expensive than oral drops, so an injection is performed only for the first time. In the future, parents can buy OPV, the child will be instilled with 3-4 drops in the mouth.

When the virus is administered orally, it is important that the liquid gets to the root of the tongue, where there is an accumulation of lymphoid tissue. For older children, they try to apply drops to the tonsils. In these places minimal amount taste buds, so it is more likely that the child will swallow the vaccine in its entirety. To apply the drug, doctors usually use a syringe without a needle or a dropper. You can give food after vaccination no earlier than 1 hour later.

Reaction to the polio vaccine

at the injection site there is a slight swelling, soreness;
stool disorder for up to 2 days, passes on its own;
temperature rise to 38.5 ° C for 1-2 days;
redness at the injection site up to 8 cm in diameter;
single vomiting, nausea;
nervousness, increased excitability.

Contraindications to vaccination

a person has HIV, severely weakened immunity;
pregnancy of the mother of the baby or any other woman in his environment;
breastfeeding period;
pregnancy planning period;
immunosuppressive therapy is carried out, neoplasms have appeared;
available backlash organism during vaccination in the past;
have recently had acute infectious diseases;
there is an exacerbation of chronic diseases;
there is an allergy to neomycin, polymyxin B, streptomycin.

There are much fewer bans for TRP. The following contraindications are considered truly dangerous for vaccination of this type:

immunodeficiency states;
pregnancy;
acute infectious disease;
intolerance to the components of the drug;
complications from previous vaccinations.

Possible Complications

As a rule, vaccination is well tolerated by children (especially IVP), but the development of side effects is possible depending on the correct preparation of the child for the procedure, the type of drug, and the patient's health. It is necessary to immediately go to the nearest hospital if you experience the following symptoms:

severe adynamia, lethargy;
hard breath, shortness of breath;
convulsive reactions;
development of urticaria, severe itching;
a significant increase in temperature (over 39 ° C);
severe swelling face and/or limbs.

Video

Poliomyelitis - acute viral infectious disease person. It is predominantly transmitted from a patient or virus carrier by the fecal-oral route. The causative agent of the disease is the polio virus. Pathology is characterized predominant lesion motor nerve cells of the brain and spinal cord with the development of paralysis. Polio has no cure. The only way to prevent this infection is to use a specific vaccine.

general information

The following types of polio vaccines (PV) are used to prevent this infection:

"live" oral (OPV);
inactivated (IPV).

Oral PV contains weakened (attenuated) strains of polioviruses of 3 immunological types. It is used mainly for revaccination of children and vaccination of persons over 17 years of age.

To date, an active campaign is being carried out by the WHO (World Health Organization) to withdraw trivalent OPV containing the 2nd type of polio virus with a replacement for bivalent (types 1 and 3). This is because no cases of wild type 2 poliovirus have been detected worldwide since 1999, so eradication was declared in 2015.

The dosage for vaccination depends on the concentration of the vaccine:

if the vial contains 50 doses (5 ml), then 2 drops are administered;
in the presence of 25 doses (5 ml) or 10 (2 ml) - 4 drops.

The vaccine is instilled into the mouth with a sterile pipette, syringe or dropper 1 hour before meals. Zto drink it with water, and also for one hour after vaccination, eating and drinking is not allowed. If the child has burped or vomited, he should be given a second dose. In case of repeated regurgitation, a new portion can be introduced only at the next visit.

Co-administration of OPV with other vaccines, including BCG, is allowed.

This remedy is more active than IPV, it forms local immunity. The latter prevents carriage and non-paralytic forms of infection.

Inactivated PV contains formaldehyde-destroyed strains of poliomyelitis viruses of 3 immunological types. The vaccination dose is 0.5 ml. The drug is injected deep intramuscularly (in the thigh). It is rarely used for revaccination, mainly for vaccination.

IPV is shown:

children infancy for the main series of vaccinations;
for vaccination of persons with immunodeficiency (primary, medicinal, caused by HIV infection);
for vaccination of persons in whose family there are patients with immunodeficiency (there is a risk of infection by contact in case of OPV administration).

After the 3rd injection primary course IPV in 96-100% of those vaccinated forms systemic and, to a lesser extent, local immunity. Also, this vaccine has advantages over the "live" one in terms of immunogenicity to poliovirus types 1 and 3.

When is vaccination given?

Babies are vaccinated with IPV from the age of 3 months three times with an interval of 1 month (i.e., in the 3rd, 4th and 5th months of life). Revaccination is carried out with OPV at 18 months, 2 and 7 years. To date, all more countries of the world join the new WHO recommendations, according to which it is carried out only at the age of 7.

If the child is vaccinated according to an individual calendar, the interval between vaccinations can be reduced to 1 month.

Immunization against poliomyelitis is performed together with DTP immunoprophylaxis.

If there is no data on past vaccinations against the disease, then the following tactics are resorted to:

1. Children under 3 years of age should receive a primary course of inactivated PV (3 injections 1 month apart) and 2 boosters. The interval between vaccinations can be reduced to 1 month.
2. Children aged 3-6 years should receive a course of inactivated PV vaccination (3 injections 1 month apart). Then revaccination is performed at the age of 7. The time interval from the last vaccination should not be less than 1 month.
3. Children aged 7-17 receive a course of vaccination with inactivated PV.
4. Persons over 17 years of age are vaccinated once with oral PV if they come from epidemically disadvantaged countries for poliomyelitis.

All contacts of disease caused by wild poliovirus (vaccinated and unvaccinated), as well as people with unknown vaccination status should receive oral PV. At the same time, fully vaccinated people administer 1 dose of a "live" vaccine, and the rest pass through complete scheme, until the number of injections set by the calendar.

Adults who have not been vaccinated and plan to travel to a polio endemic state are subject to a single oral PV immunization 4 weeks prior to departure.

Reactions and complications

Many parents fear the consequences of using the polio vaccine. Any drug used for this purpose may be implicated in the development various reactions and complications. Most of all, they are caused by OPV, therefore, according to WHO recommendations, they began to abandon it.

Usually, after the introduction into the human body, OPV does not provoke any side effects (neither general, nor local reactions). Complications are extremely rare. In children allergic to streptomycin, rashes, urticaria (red spots various sizes and localizations) or angioedema.

by the most dangerous complication oral PV is vaccine-associated poliomyelitis (VAP). The latter was observed both in those vaccinated on the 4th-30th day after immunization, and in persons who interacted with the vaccinated - within 75 days. These time frames can be different in people with immunodeficiency. VAP is registered with a frequency of 1 case out of 1.5 million people who received the first dose, and 1 case out of 40 million - repeated. This complication usually occurs against the background of immunodeficiency states and is a disease with clinical picture poliomyelitis caused by a virus that is used for vaccination.