Everything about art therapy, what is the secret of its effectiveness, methods, exercises, reviews. Water painting technique. III. Stage - completion

Purpose and priority goals:

Identification of the emotional background, actualized emotions, feelings, experiences; in a situation of acute stress - prompt assistance, response to traumatic experiences, emotional release;

"working through" emotions and feelings, including suppressed ones;

Psychoprophylaxis of negative emotional experiences and their manifestations; emotional switching;

Promoting the development of spontaneity, reflection, manifestation true feelings;

Harmonization of the emotional state as a potential for overcoming destructive personality changes and personal growth;

Development of creativity.

materials: sheets of white paper of different sizes, simple pencils, brushes, watercolor, bowls of water.

Attunement stage

Participants are invited to write down on a piece of paper the name of emotions, feelings, experiences, states that they managed to remember. Further from this list it is proposed to choose the most strong feeling, an experience that evokes an emotional response at the moment.

When offering instructions, it is important to list a variety of terms that are used to describe a wide range of emotional manifestations, so that participants in compiling the list do not experience intellectual difficulties in distinguishing between concepts.

Stage of individual work (theme development)

Instructions

With a simple pencil on a sheet of A3 or A4 paper, make an outline drawing of the emotion (feelings, experiences, states) chosen for “working out”.

Perform the following manipulations with the paper (paying attention to the thoughts and feelings that arise in the process of work): crumple a sheet of paper with the outlines of the drawing, then dip it in water for a while, straighten it, lay it out on the table, and only then color the drawn simple pencil image.

Come up with a name and a story that your “picture” could tell. Try to build dialogues between the depicted objects or parts of the picture.

Stage of discussion and reflective analysis

Participants place their works in the office space, sit in a circle for discussion, verbalization of emotions and feelings that they experienced in the process. artistic creativity. Everyone, at will, shows his drawing, tells its name, tells a story.

Often, participants change the original name, because in the process of work there is a transformation created image, and consequently, the idea changes, there is an awareness of hidden meanings. During the discussion, you can correctly use "questions-hints" to facilitate awareness and transformation of traumatic experiences into resource ones. It is especially important to create a safe atmosphere of trust, openness, empathy, so that the feedback provided does not cause traumatic feelings, and is adequately perceived by the person. This can be a useful experience for building a constructive communication strategy and new emotional contacts.

The art therapy session ends with making changes to the created art product in accordance with the wishes of the author.

In general, the expected practical result of art therapy work is the transfer of the experience gained into the everyday interpersonal behavior of the subject outside the therapeutic group.

Note. It is important for the depiction of emotions and feelings to encourage participants to create spontaneous images, avoiding, if possible, plot and stereotyped pictures. Unstructured drawing: lines, contours, spots help level the cognitive pattern, promote creativity and free expression, stimulate self-knowledge processes.

A huge positive potential lies in the possibility of multiple transformations in the process of working on the image: a slightly noticeable contour is refracted with a simple pencil, changes the outlines of the depicted object when the paper is crumpled, and then dipped into water and smoothed again. Further, with the help of watercolors, the drawing is given color, as if “showing”, coloring the intended image.

Working in watercolor on crumpled, damp paper has a deep psychological meaning and a noticeable therapeutic effect, because it allows you to achieve greater expressiveness and at the same time emotional discharge. One of the psychological mechanisms of emotional response is the peculiarity of watercolor as a visual material. According to the famous artist A.V. Kokorin, he fell in love with watercolor for its freshness, transparency, sonority and ... cheerfulness. Watercolor is transparent by its nature and lays down with the thinnest layer on paper, the white color of which, translucent through the layers of paints, takes an active part in the artistic process and gives lightness and freshness to the work. “Paints run across damp paper, forming unexpected combinations, beautiful streaks, and you involuntarily begin to admire them, and it becomes a pity to part with this random beauty,” writes A.V. Kokorin.

This observation essentially illustrates the well-known thesis of L.S. Vygotsky on the nature of the aesthetic reaction, which makes it possible to change the effect of affect “from painful to pleasurable” (“Psychology of Art”, 1968). Consequently, by encouraging a person to freely express emotions, feelings, and experiences in a symbolic form, the psychologist contributes to the development of the personality's adaptive resources, its psychological resistance to psychotrauma and resilience in difficult life situations. After all, feelings distinguish phenomena that have a stable motivational significance.

Example

At the educational art therapy session, it was proposed to work with actual emotional states. From the list I compiled, I chose a negative feeling. This is anxiety. I imagined it as a fountain. It was very easy to draw the image with a pencil on paper. Then it was necessary to crush the sheet. At the same time, I wanted to crumple, squeeze it so that it becomes as small as possible. It is very pleasant to do this, while feeling superiority over anxiety.

After I wet the sheet and spread it on the table, I liked that the fountain took on a barely noticeable shape. When I started coloring it, I completely forgot about the contour drawn with a pencil, I got carried away with the “game” of watercolor, which spread over wet paper, as if leveling, weakening my anxiety. Suddenly, my heart overflowed with joy, even with some childish feeling of delight, aching with the expectation of a good outcome of the situation. And then came the realization of the boundaries of my personal problem. I realized that the fountain was full and could no longer hold, harbor anxiety, that this feeling should overflow over the “side” of the fountain.

I am now ready to talk about my anxiety and its cause with someone close to me. At the end of the lesson, with unexpected ease, I decided to tell the "History of the Fountain", and then transformed the drawing: I added a light orange background.

A year after this incident, the student wrote:“I still feel grateful to the teacher and the group for the silent but sincere co-presence.”

Comment. Such sessions can serve the purpose of building a therapeutic alliance based on the subject's acceptance of psychological help and support. As you know, awareness crucial moment on the path to psychological "healing". The mechanism is that by referring to the symbolic or metaphorical meanings contained in your own works, you can get an intuitive revelation, insight ( Natalie Rogers, 1997).

Thus, valuable experience is gradually acquired, the courage to explore and analyze one's own emotions, dominant feelings. Help in understanding them is a psychotherapeutic resource of art therapy techniques.

LINES OF CONFLICT

Materials: sheets of A4 white paper, felt-tip pens (or colored pencils, pastel crayons), adhesive tape, colored plasticine, white clay and foil.

Art therapy space includes a circle of chairs and personal workstations (table and chair) for individual creativity.

Stage of individual work

Instructions

Draw subjectively meaningful for you conflict situation as "the conversation of two lines". To do this, first take a sheet of A4 paper, put the number 1 on it, attach it to the table with tape so that the sheet does not slip during work. Choose two markers (pencil or crayon) different colors, conditionally denoting you and your opponent (opponent, opponent). In your working hand, take a felt-tip pen of the color with which the line of your behavior in the conflict will be drawn. In a non-working hand - a felt-tip pen of a different color to indicate the behavior of your conditional opponent. Depict the dynamics of the conflict situation with the help of lines, without lifting the felt-tip pens from the paper. When finished, turn the paper over and set it aside.

On the second sheet, depict the same conflict situation by swapping the markers in the left and right hands. Thus, in the second figure, the working hand depicts the lines of behavior of the opponent in the conflict, and the non-working hand - the lines of your own behavior (in the same color). In a word, the originally selected color of the felt-tip pens is also saved on the second sheet of paper.

Think about what you see in the drawings and try to write a story from the point of view of each line. What does the resulting drawing tell you? What symbolic meaning does it carry? What new did the lines tell you about the conflict situation and how to resolve it?

Using various materials (colored plasticine, clay, foil), depict the outcome of the situation: create metaphorical images of yourself and your opponent as a result of a conflict confrontation.

It is also useful to build dialogues between lines and modeled images, which will help clarify some of the essential nuances of the conflict.

Note. Each of the listed artistic materials has its own properties, features and, therefore, its own capabilities. Plasticine is a soft, plastic material, so modeling does not require too much effort. In addition, it is colored, which makes it possible to continue working on a three-dimensional image in the same colors that were chosen for the “conflict lines”. As a result, the awareness and response of psychotraumatic emotions and feelings is enhanced.

Clay, on the contrary, is a denser, more elastic natural material, the work with which requires considerable effort and is accompanied by energy costs. Another advantage of clay is its colorlessness, which provokes free associations. The white clay image also becomes specific area for the projection of deep (repressed, hidden) experiences of the author of the work. As a result, subjective experience becomes available for perception and analysis.

It is known that the projection of feelings onto external objects is the way to symbolize and recognize these feelings. Fantasies depicted on paper or made in clay often speed up and facilitate the verbalization of experiences. In the process of working on images from plasticine or clay, the protection that usually exists with verbal, habitual contact is reduced.

I note that sometimes, as a way to release from internal tension, one can observe the destruction of an already made figure. This happens especially often if foil is used in art therapy work with conflicts. This is an unusual material that is not only well modeled and holds its shape, but at the same time is easily torn, requiring extreme caution. Sometimes participants attribute properties of "resistance and rebelliousness" to the foil. In addition, the foil is shiny, festive and "resourceful" in the sense that it evokes early childhood memories, returns to childhood for positive experiences.

Upon completion of the work, each participant is invited to answer the question in one or two words: “What material is foil for you?” The answer, with a high degree of probability, can be interpreted as an actualized characteristic-metaphor of self-perception (self-attitude).

The greatest therapeutic effect is achieved if, after drawing conflicts, participants first create images of themselves and an opponent in plasticine, keeping the color according to the original choice in the drawing, and then repeat these same images in white clay. This order facilitates the clarification and transformation of the traumatic situation.

Verbalization stage

If this exercise is performed under the guidance of a psychologist (art therapist) in a group, then the participants sit in a circle, show their drawings and simulated images at will, talk not so much about the content and causes of the conflict, but about the emotional side and behavior in a conflict situation. The rest of the participants can ask questions, for example:

How did you feel during the process of drawing the trajectory of the conflict and modeling the characters?

What do you feel now?

Have you clarified for yourself how the conflict developed and whether it was resolved?

Has the understanding of the causes and consequences of the conflict situation changed?

How do you now see your own role and the role of the opponent in initiating the conflict?

What experience did you gain in the process of visual work?

Of course, the purpose of such questions is not to hear the "record" of real events. Rather, these are prompt questions to facilitate awareness and transformation of traumatic experiences into resource ones.

At this stage, the client is invited to take an active position, to take responsibility, trying to understand the “pattern” of behavior in conflict, the nature of their inner experiences, their role in their own lives and in relationships with other people.

It is important to create a safe atmosphere of trust, openness, empathy, so that the feedback provided does not cause traumatic feelings and is adequately perceived by the person. This can be a useful experience for building a constructive communication strategy and new emotional contacts.

The final stage

The specialist invites the participants of the session to make the desired changes to their work, to transform visual images or to do with their drawings as they would like.

Often there is a need to symbolically “deal with” the conflict: tear, crush, destroy the drawing. Such behavior may indicate acute mental pain, suffering, or anger. Sometimes - about the symbolic recognition of the author to himself, the awareness of his own role as the "initiator of the conflict", which was previously consciously or unconsciously repressed, replaced by some form of psychological defense. Acceptance of such revelations is a resource start for personal growth.

Comment. According to the well-known American art therapist M. Betensky, line is one of the main elements of symbolic expression in art, along with form and color. With its help, a person can display his experiences and inner world.

Drawing lines, people do not think about their properties. In essence, they create not so much an image or a picture as they express their emotions and feelings. The unconscious plays an important role in this process. And only at the stage of verbalization does the realization of the significance of the lines occur.

The line can symbolize the life path as a whole or its specific stage.

The art therapy technique "Lines of Conflict" is also resourceful in the context operational diagnostics emotional state to identify, process and respond to emotions and feelings, including suppressed ones.

In the Conflict Lines exercise, participants are asked to draw the same situation twice. The reason for this is as follows. Many psychologists and psychotherapists agree that the non-working hand is associated with the unconscious. Therefore, when a person draws with a non-working (usually left) hand, the drawing is less subject to control by consciousness, which means it is more impulsive, emotional, "truthful".

According to R. Amman (2000), the left hand represents the inner world, and the right hand represents the outer world, reality and life goals of a person. In a word, the right hand is associated with consciousness. Therefore, by changing the position of the markers in the first and second drawings, we have the opportunity to compare the real (unconscious) with the desired (consciousness).

In fact, each line on paper is a “path”, an indirect imprint, a “trace” of the role of each participant in the conflict in the history of the event.

Drawing for the opponent and for himself, the author reflects his own, subjective vision of what is happening (or what happened). Further, moving away from the drawing, observing the lines left by the movement of the right and left hands at the same time, the author can get more truthful information, compare what he sees with how he thinks about himself and his opponent in a conflict situation. Indeed, by controlling the line of his behavior during the drawing with his working hand, a person involuntarily weakens control over the image of his projection onto the line of conflict from the “opponent's face”.

When interpreting the drawings, it is important to pay attention to the nature of the lines and their location relative to each other, the places of contact, collision and divergence, which is an indicator of the interaction, activity and passivity of the conflict participants.

For example, winding, repeatedly intersecting lines indicate the complexity of the situation, numerous attempts to resolve the conflict. Such lines are especially common in drawings of intra-family conflicts (“on the same territory”).

The lines forming a "tangle" are characteristic of people who have an intrapersonal conflict, and may be associated with confusion, lack of order, chaos of thoughts and feelings. This may also indicate hidden hostility and the absence of open clashes. Perhaps the author is confused, worried, the harmony of his personality is broken.

Broken lines with a large number of sharp corners can be an indicator of anxiety, excitement, tension. If the lines intersect and form corners at the intersection, this may be regarded as an indicator of sharp open collisions.

Lines that do not intersect symmetrically and mirror each other with a high degree of probability mean that the person could not actualize or reflect on the conflict situation, or that the phase of acute stress has passed and emotional manifestations have weakened somewhat.

In addition to the drawing in the form of colored lines, one should pay attention to the sculptures-metaphors of the image of "I" and the image of the "opponent (opponent)". As a rule, they are the most informative, often more realistic than words, they reflect the history of the confrontation.

As the frustrating experiences are reacted, the plasticine images are transformed and reflect the author's already changed view of the problem and the situation of the conflict.

In essence, this is the moment of conscious or spontaneous transformation that distinguishes art therapy work from artistic creation. In the first case, a therapeutic effect is achieved, in the second, the aesthetic effect is most pronounced.

Obviously, in situations acute disorder caused by stress, the position of the helping specialist is of particular importance. The symbolism of the language of the drawing gives the client a sense of security, the co-presence of the art therapist helps to create a psychologically safe space within which it is possible to react various feelings in spontaneous artistic images, to overcome traumatic experiences.

Thus, Natalie Rogers (1997) writes: “It was of utmost importance that I was with people who allowed me to be in my grief and tears, and not patted me on the shoulder and said that everything would be fine. Healing occurs when the client feels accepted and understood. Feeling accepted and understood is a rare experience, especially when you are experiencing fear, anger, grief, or jealousy. And yet it is these moments of acceptance and understanding that heal.

As friends or therapists, we often feel that in these cases we should have a ready answer or should give advice. In doing so, however, we ignore an extremely important truth: the greatest help we give man then when we sincerely “listen” to the full depth of its emotional pain and show respect for the ability of man to find his own answer.”

A GIFT IN MY LIFE

Equipment and materials: for work, each participant will need one or two A3 landscape sheets, gouache, watercolor, brushes, a glass of water, a box of colored plasticine.

Instruction

Draw the brightest "gift" in your life. When the work is completed, create the image of this plasticine gift. Come up with a name for the composition, tell the story of this gift.

You can invite the participants of the art therapy session to close their eyes and, to the sounds of a soft-sounding lyrical melody, recall the gifts that they received and gave, as well as the emotional coloring of the situations accompanying this. Choose the brightest from the kaleidoscope of memories and depict it on a piece of paper using any visual materials and means. Instead of a recognizable image of objects, you can draw a mood. In art therapy classes there are no restrictions associated with the ways of self-expression, the aesthetic value of the product of creativity is not taken into account. The main thing is an open and spontaneous expression of one's emotions, feelings, experiences.

The famous philosopher and psychologist M.K. Mamardashvili spoke of works of art as the “organs of birth” of new spiritual states: “... they are works of art in our souls, works of skillful work ... The art of vision must be born in us, because only in this way beauty, honor, love, courage, courage are born” .

After the work is completed, everyone is invited to sit on chairs in a circle and place their compositions (a painting and an image of a plasticine gift) inside the circle.

Art therapy is a rather young phenomenon in psychological practice, but already very popular. More and more people are choosing to engage in various art forms as a method of positively influencing their own emotional state, be it, for example, isotherapy, sand therapy or phototherapy. What is art therapy, how it affects a person and what types of art therapy exist - read on.

What is art therapy?

Literally, art therapy means "treatment with art." It lies in the fact that a person gets the opportunity to express himself through creativity. Moreover, the success of art therapy does not depend on the level of its creative abilities.

Art therapy helps:

relieve stress and tension;
get rid of negative experiences;
cope with various fears;
to know yourself and increase your self-esteem;
find peace of mind.

People of all ages, suffering from depression, age crisis, various kinds of addictions and psychological trauma, turn to art therapy. Often, art therapists work with patients in the rehabilitation period, people with disabilities or mental retardation.

Art therapy has a good effect in group classes, so young couples, families, work colleagues, etc. resort to it.

Types of art therapy

There are the following types of art therapy:

Isotherapy - art therapy associated with various types of fine arts: painting, graphics, modeling, appliqué, painting, etc.

Music therapy - art therapy with the help of music. Includes listening to songs and instrumental music, playing musical instruments, singing.

Kinesitherapy - treatment with dance and movement. This includes dance classes, outdoor games, massage sessions and physiotherapy exercises.

Bibliotherapy is art therapy through reading or writing your own works. Literature can be the most diverse, both in form and in content. In bibliotherapy, fairy tale therapy is distinguished - treatment with fairy tales.

Sand therapy is art therapy, the main tool of which is sand. Sand therapy includes pouring sand, sand animation, building sand sculptures and castles.

Imagotherapy is an art therapy based on dramatic art, which involves staging theatrical scenes.

Phototherapy - it may include photo sessions and photo reports, slide therapy, photo walk, etc.

Some experts single out the so-called art synthesis therapy, which includes various types of art therapy, for example, drawing, listening to music, and creating photographs.

Very popular among other species in recent times became sand therapy, especially with sand animation: in addition to the fact that working with sand in itself is very calming, it is also a very unusual and interesting activity.

But most often, art therapy means isotherapy - it is both effective, and the most accessible, and interesting for everyone. Many people after classes continue to develop their creative abilities and find a new hobby.

Techniques and techniques of art therapy

Consider some of the most interesting techniques that are used by specialists in personal and group art therapy sessions.

Self-portrait: through drawing, you need to depict your personality, interests, aspirations and lifestyle, show your own world.

Image of the emotional state: in just a few minutes, each participant in the art therapy session draws his own internal state using different lines, shapes and strokes. The drawing should be just symbolic, don't let creativity bother you.

“Like a child”: with the help of a passive, non-working hand, you need to draw what you most loved to do as a child. The task can evoke vivid childish images and strong feelings.

Clay Amulet: Try working with clay and create your own charm. Think carefully about what shape and texture to give it, as it should symbolize something special.

Paper work. A good option for a group session is the collective creation of paper sculpture or origami. You need to pass a paper sheet from one participant to another, and everyone must make their own changes to the figure. Also, participants can create different figures and think about how to combine them into a common composition.

We draw scribbles: another technique for working with a group - the first participant draws arbitrary lines and squiggles on paper that do not make sense, and the next participant must select some image among them and, if necessary, supplement it.

An art therapist helps his client to choose the most appropriate technique, determine the direction in which he needs to move, push a person to understand his "I", his own resources and capabilities.

Ideas for anti-stress home creativity

We found out that art therapy is carried out by a qualified specialist, but what about those who do not have the opportunity to visit an art therapist? Let's look at a few interesting ideas home art, which will partially replace professional art therapy and help you escape from negative emotions.

Making a collage is a favorite way of dealing with stress for many people; you just have to try it, and this idea will captivate you with your head. For the collage, you will need: A3 paper, various magazines and / or printed photos and pictures, colored pencils, pens or felt-tip pens, scissors and glue.

Think about what you like best, what makes you feel good, what you want to achieve in life, what you want to have or see. The set of images that you will have in this case is what you need to put on paper.

You can cut out entire images or their fragments, phrases and individual words. You can make a collage scheme in advance in Photoshop, but it’s better to work impromptu, relying only on your imagination and completely surrendering to the process. Collaging will not only help you relieve stress, but also feel like the creator of a new reality, become more confident in yourself and your aspirations. And most importantly, creativity does not matter - the collage simply cannot be made wrong.

Zentangles and Zendoodles

Recently, meditative drawing techniques such as doodling, zentangling and zendudling have become popular.

Dudling is the process of drawing arbitrary patterns - when a person, almost without thinking, automatically draws on paper what comes to his mind.

Zentangling, on the other hand, requires increased concentration. To draw a zentangle, relax, remember something pleasant. Then draw four dots on paper, roughly forming a square. Within the resulting boundaries, draw several lines-strings that will randomly divide your zentangle into sections. Start drawing in each section the pattern that comes to your mind.

Pay special attention to each element, carefully draw all the details and do not go beyond the border lines. See the video for more details:

Even more popular is the zendoodle technique. Like a zentangle, a zentangle is a thoughtful pattern, but like doodles, it doesn't need clear boundaries. Whole pictures are now being painted in this technique.

The therapeutic effect of zentangling and zendudling is that a person completely focuses on creating a drawing, relaxes, forgetting about time, not rushing and not being afraid to make a mistake. Result in this case is less important than the process itself.

Antistress coloring pages for adults

More recently, special anti-stress coloring pages for adults, made using the zendoodle technique, began to appear on the Internet and on store shelves. Accordingly, all zendoodle patterns have already been drawn in them, it remains only to add bright colors to them, so all you need is colored pencils and free time.

The therapeutic effect that anti-stress coloring books for adults give is similar to the effect of drawing zendoodles: it promotes relaxation, relieves tension and even headaches.

What anti-stress coloring pages for adults look like and how to color them, see the following video:

Take it, tell your friends!

Forms of art therapy

Almost from the very moment that Adrian Hill introduced the term "art therapy", a conditional division of this technique into active and passive forms appeared among specialists. The first implies that the person himself is actively engaged in a certain type of creativity. In the process of creation, his psyche heals, and his mood improves.

When art therapy classes are held in a passive form, their participants do nothing themselves, they only study art objects. For example, they listen to musical compositions, look at paintings or sculptures, and so on. In its own way, such an activity is also good for the psyche. For many, it causes peace and tranquility, and this, in turn, cannot but have a positive effect on the general psycho-emotional state of a person.

It cannot be said that the passive form of "treatment by art" does not at all involve any mental labor. A person does not just "consume" a drawing, a melody or a sculptural element, he analyzes it, thinks about it, and also evaluates it. The object of art resonates in his soul, prompts some reflections and conclusions. This is not always possible with other psychological techniques.

There are a great many situations in which active or passive art therapy is useful, we can say that the list of indications for this method of treatment or psycho-correction is unusually wide.

Indications for Art Therapy

Since the main purpose of art therapy is to harmonize the personality and improve the psycho-emotional state of a person, any deviation in mental well-being can serve as an indication for it. This is not only about pathologies, but also about negative emotions that are quite normal for any person.

The most common indications for this type of treatment are:

stress and depression, as well as depressed mood;
emotional instability and impulsiveness of a person;
the presence of fears and phobias;
low self-esteem and negative attitude towards oneself;
a state of increased anxiety;
groundless irritability and conflict of a person;
a closed personality and a state of mental stress;
received psychological trauma;
impaired communication skills;
crises of a certain age;
delay in mental or speech development in a child.

This psychological technique is useful for children and adolescents, for mature people and representatives of the older generation.

Objectives of the methodology

Art therapy gives good effect for almost any problem. Whether it’s a bad mood or depression, problems associated with the “I-concept” or too low self-esteem, dissatisfaction with oneself or a certain area of one’s life – all this will help to understand, analyze and find a way to solve art as a method of therapy.

Art therapy allows you to achieve positive results when working with people who have certain psychological problems:

exit negative thoughts and emotions;
facilitation of complex psychotherapy;
conducting a detailed psychodiagnostics;
working through the thoughts and feelings that patients are holding back;
establishing a trusting relationship between doctor and patient;
development of creative abilities;
increasing self-esteem and ensuring personal growth;
learning to control one's own behavior and emotions;
identification and analysis of the causes that provoked emotional disorders or difficulties.

This psycho-therapeutic technique is used for the following purposes:

as a way to splash out positive and negative emotions
to increase the effectiveness of psychotherapy
for the sake of obtaining material that allows diagnosing the mental and psychological state of a person
to work through repressed thoughts, feelings and emotions
to help the patient focus on sensations or feelings
to establish contact with the patient
to improve self-control
to develop creativity and, thus, increase a person's self-esteem.

For people with increased anxiety or obvious phobias, art therapy acts as a method of calming, for those who are sad, it is a means of improving mood, and for people who are confident in their own insignificance, this technique helps to believe in themselves and realize their own importance and uniqueness. The main thing is to choose the right art therapy method that best suits all the characteristics of the patient's psyche.

Types and methods of art therapy

Today, there are a lot. Moreover, their list is constantly growing, replenished with something new. The main and most common include the following:

Art therapy methods	Description
	treatment by drawing or other fine arts
	based on the use of mandalas
	music therapy
POPPY	a technique based on the use of metaphorical association cards
	sand therapy
	treatment with fairy tales
	puppets to the rescue puppet therapy
	religion based treatment
phototherapy	a set of psychotechniques for the treatment and correction of photography
	a type of psychotherapy that originates in the art of dance
film therapy	watching and discussing a movie with the help of a psychologist
	theater-drama as a means and method of therapeutic therapy
	the use of clay for medicinal purposes

Art therapy classes include quilling, origami, applique, knitting and, in fact, any kind of creativity. Each such activity is useful in its own way, it improves mental condition person and “changes the charge of his emotions from minus to plus”.

How are art therapy classes going?

Art therapy classes can be group or individual. Actually, this is typical for any corrective, psychological technique. To conduct them, you need an appropriate room, as well as tools and materials that will be used during healing art.

Art therapy groups are studio, open, closed, structured or unstructured. Much more often the group can be called mixed on all these grounds. Of course, if several people are engaged at once, it is important to ensure that they all respect each other's personal space, because we are talking about creativity. It is good if the leader of the group immediately thinks over the layout of the students and equips workplace each of them.

On average, one art therapy session lasts from 1.5 to 2 hours. Their frequency is most often 1-2 times a week.

Art therapy sessions can vary greatly. It depends on what kind of art is taken as a basis and what is the purpose of the occupation itself.

Typically, a psychologist or specialist in the field of therapy meets with a client or group, after a short introduction that sets the tone for the session, he invites the participants to select materials and proceed to action. At the same time, the most calm atmosphere conducive to creative realization reigns. When the session is over, the results of creative work are discussed and analyzed with a specialist.

Important! During the classes, the doctor completely concentrates a person or a group of people on their feelings, emotions or tactile sensations. At the same time, the presence of artistic or other skills in patients is not of decisive importance in order to become a participant in art therapy.

The creative process is conventionally divided into the following stages:

The introductory part, in which the psychotherapist sets up patients, establishes contact with them, and then involves them in the creative process.
The transition to the actualization of sensations and the formation of the theme of creativity.
There is a direct creative process.
The process of work and the results of creativity are discussed.
Correction and refinement of the results of art exercises.
Based on this whole process, the therapist diagnoses the patient's condition and draws appropriate conclusions.

Art therapy exercises

The types of art therapy are quite diverse, their arsenal is constantly replenished, which makes it possible to find an individual approach to each patient. And yet, as in any psychological practice, here you can name trouble-free and one hundred percent effective exercises. Consider the most popular methods and exercises.

isotherapy

Isotherapy - treatment through drawing or fine arts. In this case, the patient is offered to make a choice between brushes and paints, pencils or small pens for creativity. Isotherapy is resorted to, as a rule, in the case when patients have neurotic or psychosomatic pathologies, as well as difficulties in communication and social adaptation.

Exercises:

1.Scribble. The purpose of the technique is to draw continuous lines in a chaotic way on a piece of paper. First, the first participant takes over the case, then he is replaced by the second. This happens until someone decides that the drawing is ready. After that, a discussion begins - everyone has to explain part of their creation. In conclusion, all participants come up with a plot story. This type of creativity will help increase self-esteem, explore your feelings, relieve tension, improve communication skills.

2. Story drawing. All members of the group impromptu make drawings on a given topic. And while performing, everyone should express their feelings and emotions. This will help to understand the emotional state of the patient.

3. Joy. You need to start work in a relaxed way. You should remember the joyful moments of life and try to capture them on paper. This will help improve the emotional background with the help of color and concentration on feelings.

4.Music drawing. When listening to a song, you need to try to express your emotions on paper. As a result, a surge of strength will appear, mood will rise, stiffness and tension will go away.

5. Drawing emotions. In the case when a person needs help to get rid of negativity, resentment, anger and other destructive emotions, the task “draw an emotion” is suitable. Alternatively, you can create an "emotion wheel" by using shades to express the positive and negative in your emotional well-being. Those who like to meditate can be advised to create a so-called meditative picture. All these manipulations are good for any person, and not just for the owner of artistic skills and abilities.

Other exercises and methods

To relax and relieve emotional stress can help or finger drawing. You can also try drawing with your eyes closed. Thus, the secret and repressed, carefully controlled by the subconscious, becomes apparent. For greater effect, you can combine music and art therapy. It is advisable to use only those colors that a person likes and causes him a feeling of calm and other positive emotions.

When the task of an art therapist is to help a patient on the path to happiness, it would be nice to create an individual collage of this very happiness during the lesson. Thus, it will be clear what the patient is striving for and what he lacks. Another visual technique is the creation of a picture of freedom. It is also good to create soft toys or other pleasant things during classes. Such activities have a beneficial effect on the psyche.

The person who needs help cope with a loss or get rid of psychological trauma should find peace and feel protected. In this he will be helped, for example, by drawing an ideally calm place. It doesn't matter if it's real or fictional. It would be nice to turn the negative into art through a creative diary, or create a creative diorama. Many people find it easier if they draw something that scares them. After analyzing the drawing and working it out, the fear becomes less.

You can help the patient express himself by inviting him to draw himself in the form of a fabulous or real animal, or to make a collage of his positive characteristics and advantages. You can, as an option, puzzle him with the creation of his own coat of arms or a box of valuables. All this increases self-esteem and helps to clearly identify their strengths.

After watching the following video, you will learn about the exercise "My inner world":

Music therapy

The psychological impact on the patient's condition is through music. In this situation, a person can listen to a melody, play it or compose one's own.

Some exercises:

Sound of the surf. First, all participants listen to the sounds of the sea, then they try to portray it with sounds. This will help you relax and restore your emotional background.
Sounds of nature. Soothing music with sounds of nature sounds. The therapist invites everyone to sit comfortably and relax, imagining that all participants are in a wild forest. This exercise will help bring your emotions back to normal.
Storm. Everyone must imagine that they are on a ship. The music of Vivaldi's "Storm" begins to play - sails are torn on the deck, masts are broken, the ship, like a chip, is thrown into the sea. In this way, the patient will be able to experience his emotional state. Then comes a calm to the music of Tchaikovsky's "Barcarolle" - the wind subsides, the ship glides over the water, smooth as a mirror. At the same time, a person understands that all problems are solvable, you just need to find the right way out. In conclusion, the music of Shostakovich's "Festive Overture" plays - here it is such a long-awaited shore, a home. This is the way out of the existing problems.

clay therapy

Clay therapy is designed to help those who find it difficult to speak out, as well as to talk about their own feelings and experiences. Modeling allows a person to control himself and feel the creativity in himself, which makes it possible to overcome fear, resentment or aggression.

A few exercises:

Be aware of yourself. All group members are invited to mold their own figure out of clay. Then it is necessary to imagine that this clay copy fell into some kind of life situation. During such a game, problems will be revealed that a person cannot say out loud.
Fear. The therapist offers to blind the most terrible thing that happened in life. Analysis of the resulting figure (view from the outside) will help overcome the problem. In conclusion, the whole composition collapses - there is no more fear.

The choice of one or another art therapy technique depends on the purpose of the lesson and the task to be solved, as well as on the characteristics of the patient himself, in particular, on his age. Working with adults is somewhat different from creative manipulation with children.

Art therapy for preschoolers

Art as a means of healing and communication is especially relevant for children and teenagers. Young children often have to rely on limited language to express complex thoughts and emotions, and there is a barrier that can be overcome with things that they understand a little better, such as For teenagers, it is equally important to have such a pressure-free and without consequences environment. for your thoughts and feelings.

Coloring antistress for children brings invaluable benefits:

Relaxation. The child is not aware of this, but while coloring, his brain is resting. Improved concentration. Focusing on one thing serves as a kind of training in willpower, mindfulness and perseverance.
Development of coordination and accuracy. Few adults remember how difficult it is at first to fit into the contour, not to climb onto the part of the drawing where there should be a different color. The child learns to calculate forces and perform movements clearly.
Improved perception. For the little ones, coloring can become a platform for memorizing colors and shapes. The study of the surrounding world.
Improving logic and imagination. It would seem that the drawing is already ready, what else can you think of. But no one bothers the kid to finish drawing something, to make it colorful where, in theory, this should not be. And most importantly, the child will always have a specific reason why his picture looks that way.
Memory development. Many coloring pages are pictures from life. And the kids on a subconscious level are trying to make their drawing believable. But for this you need to remember what a car or a watermelon looks like.

There is also pedagogical art therapy, in which the child learns to be himself and use emotions as a tool for communication. Here, the concepts of magic, humor and justice that are present in fairy tales, as well as music and images in works created by great artists and the kids themselves, will act as assistants for the teacher.

In this case, the main pedagogical task is to teach children correct communication, empathy and careful relationship with people around them.

As the advantages of art therapy for preschoolers, experts call the combination of psychology, medicine and pedagogy, which allows you to achieve much more goals. In addition, the advantages are:

Safe environment during classes and lack of competition between children.
Thanks to the result obtained in the form of a drawing, dance or song, after each lesson, the teacher can track the changes that occur in the development of the child.
The opportunity for the child to realize his own value through such activities.

Preschool children are characterized by variability of attention and the impossibility of long-term concentration on a task. This should be taken into account when planning an art therapy session.

Art therapy for adults

It allows you to release negative emotions and inner feelings without causing damage to surrounding things and people. Using simple and accessible techniques, the therapist assesses the patient's physical and mental state, eliminates identified problems and improves the emotional state.

Psychocorrection is carried out using one of the selected methods, for example, working with a patient according to a certain selected scheme. In this case, a person is given a certain task, for example, to draw a picture or make a craft according to a certain template and on a given topic.

Another way of art treatment can be called communication on a free topic, when the patient himself determines the material, plot and tools of self-expression. At the end of such communication, the doctor evaluates the selection criteria and the manner of implementation.

Most effective techniques art treatments in the case of adults, when patients can practice the exercises on their own are:

Work with the so-called creative garbage, when a certain composition is made up of things that cause negative emotions.
A fairy tale written about some hero by the patient himself. Here the patient himself determines the character, lifestyle, time and place of the hero's action.
In order to cope with internal fears, complexes and aggression, you can fashion and physically destroy these monsters inside yourself.

Art therapy for the elderly

In this case, art therapy gives strength and desire to live on. This is an opportunity to usefully spend your free time that appeared after retirement, not to fill your head with bad thoughts, and also to maintain intellectual and physical shape.

This practice is actively used in European countries. They organize for the elderly special schools and mugs for creativity.

In this case, retirees are taught:

Needlework - allows you to train fine motor skills and support brain activity.
Singing - perfectly trains memory, improves the functioning of the respiratory apparatus and improves mood.
Drawing - helps to overcome stress, calm the nerves and relieves anxiety. In the case, as with needlework, drawing trains fine motor skills and develops memory.
Dancing - improves mood and allows you to maintain physical fitness.

Art therapy

collection of exercises and techniques

(methodical development)

Compiled by:

educational psychologist

Kataeva N.K.

ssh im. A.I. Dosova

2016-2017 academic year

The collection contains practical advice on the use of art-therapeutic technologies. The selected techniques are aimed at correcting the psycho-emotional state, reducing tension and anxiety, overcoming self-doubt, eliminating fears, etc. All techniques can be used both in group and in individual forms of work.

Introduction.

What is art therapy. The main goal of art - therapy.

The range of problems in the solution of which art therapy techniques can be used.

Advantages of the art therapy method.

Types of art therapy.

Exercises.

Training aimed at changing the collective mood through art therapy methods.

Art therapy training on the formation of a conscious attitude to the process of self-knowledge

Conclusion

Sources

Art therapy is:

getting to know your inner self; the formation of an idea of oneself as a person;

creating a positive self-image;

learning to express their feelings and emotions;

withdrawal psycho emotional tension;

development of fine motor skills, communication skills, imaginative thinking and abilities for various types of creative activities.

So, by creating and fantasizing, you can understand your emotional experiences, understand yourself and your inner world, or you can help your child overcome shyness, dispel fears, become more sociable and open to communicate with people.

The main goal of art therapy consists in harmonizing the development of the personality through the development of the ability of self-expression and self-knowledge.

Through simple, rather reminiscent of children's pranks, exercises, one can not only diagnose the state of mind of any person (both an adult and a child), but also successfully deal with many nervous disorders.

Art therapy exercises contribute to the "breakthrough" of fears, complexes, clamps into consciousness.

Each exercise, removing masks and clamps, returns you to the essence, to the roots, to the heart, to the root causes.

Art therapy has the most beneficial effect on the inner psychological emotional world of a person.

The range of problems for which art therapy techniques can be used:

intra- and interpersonal conflicts;

crisis states;

existential and age crises;

post-stress disorders;
neurotic disorders;
psychosomatic disorders
development of creativity
development of personality integrity
discovery of personal meanings through creativity;
awareness and deep processing of emotions;
release in an acceptable form of unpleasant and disturbing emotions;
relief of pain from the past;
discovery of new resources and opportunities in one's personality;

and other problems

The advantages of the art therapy method are that it:

provides an opportunity to express aggressive feelings in a socially acceptable manner: drawing, painting, modeling are safe ways to discharge tension;

accelerates progress in therapy: subconscious conflicts and inner experiences are more easily expressed with the help of visual images;

allows you to work with thoughts and feelings that seem overwhelming;

helps to strengthen relationships between participants;

promotes a sense of internal control and order;

develops and enhances attention to feelings;

enhances the feeling of one's own personal value, increases artistic competence.

Types of art therapy:

isotherapy- drawing with colored sand, fingers on a mirror and on paper, plasticine drawing;

color therapy- (chromotherapy) is the direction in which exposure is used colors on the psycho-emotional state preschooler, on his well-being .;

fairy tale therapy It is a way of correcting children's psychological problems. The meaning is that a fairy tale is told for the child, the hero of which is himself. At the same time, in the very narration of the tale, certain difficulties are thought out for the protagonist, with which he must certainly cope;

Sand therapy. Playing with sand is a natural and accessible form of activity for every child. A child often cannot express his feelings, fears in words, and here sand games come to his aid. Playing the situations that excited him with the help of toy figures, creating a picture of his own world from sand, the child is freed from tension. And most importantly, he gains invaluable experience in the symbolic resolution of many life situations, because in a real fairy tale everything ends well;

Water therapy. Water is the first and favorite object for research by all children. The first substance that a child is happy to get acquainted with is water. It gives the child pleasant sensations, develops various receptors, provides practical unlimited possibilities development of cognitive activity. The value of technology lies in the fact that playing with water is one of the most enjoyable ways to learn. This makes it possible to use this technology for cognitive, speech development, enrichment of the emotional experience of the child, with difficulties with adaptation;

Game therapy– impact on children with the use of games. The game has a strong influence on the development of the child's personality, promotes the development of communication, communication, the creation of close relationships, increases self-esteem. The game forms the arbitrary behavior of the child, his socialization;

Music therapy- one of the methods that strengthens the health of children, gives children pleasure. Music contributes to the development of creativity, imagination. The melody is especially effective for hyperactive children, increases interest in the world around, and contributes to the development of the child's culture.

Art therapy exercises:

Creating a picture of failure

Create from improvised material (postcards, old felt-tip pens, ribbons, candy wrappers, etc.) a complete picture of past failures, of what it is high time to throw away. Thank the created composition for the experience gained and destroy it, it is better to exemplify, for example, burn it.

composing a fairy tale

Composing a fairy tale about a hero, overcoming obstacles, receiving a well-deserved reward (subconsciously, the hero of a fairy tale has a lot in common with the author)

Kalyaki-malaki
Draw completely abstract scribbles-doodles, which then give a description, find frightening and resourceful (helping) figures there.

With closed eyes

Drawing, modeling with closed eyes, putting in everything that "boiled"

Drawing with non-working hand.

Drawing with a non-working hand or even a foot often brings something new to the client's feelings, either past long-hidden fears are revealed, or new images appear that call to the future.

Making collages

Creation of collages of desires or on another topic given by the psychologist.

Flower exercise.

Choose (from a rich color palette) two colors. The first is the one that is most preferable to you at the moment. The second one is the least preferred. Draw two designs on a single sheet of paper using both of these colors.

Choose from the color palette three colors that, according to your impression, will make up a beautiful harmonious composition and draw an abstract or very specific drawing with their help.

Choose colors that you think express your personality or character and create a composition with them.

Choose colors that you feel "neutralize" your negative experiences and use them in creating any drawing.

Doodle exercise.

Draw an intricate tangle of lines, drawing carelessly and freely across the surface of the sheet. Try to “see” a certain image in these doodles and develop this image already meaningfully - using the same colors (pencil) and writing a short story (commentary).

Keep a "doodle diary" in a separate drawing pad. Lead it for a strictly defined period of time. (One working day, week) Follow the changes in these scribbles. After the end of the "experiment" period, write a story based on these scribbles.

Ink blot exercise

These art therapy exercises continue and develop the idea of the famous Rorschach test, only instead of analyzing ready-made standardized stimulus material, you will create your own abstractions and analyze them, which is much more interesting!
Take ink, ink, liquid diluted gouache and drop it in the middle of a thick sheet of Whatman paper. Then fold the paper in half and press the folded pieces together, smoothing them out gently. Unfold a sheet of paper. You will see a very beautiful, symmetrical abstract pattern. Make a series of these "Rorschach spots" using different colors, and then try to describe your drawings by giving each one a name and description.

Exercises with clay, wax, dough or plasticine

"Shape Your Problem"

"Talk" to her, telling her everything you want,

transform it (very roughly) into whatever you want.
Make an imprint of your hand, foot, various objects

Prepare many balls of different sizes from any plastic material

Closing your eyes, mold these balls into anything

Make a group composition on a given topic in a short set period of time.

Exercise "Life-size self-portrait"

This is the only art therapy exercise you can't do alone - you'll need a partner and... a very large piece of paper.
You must lie down on this sheet so that your partner can trace you along the contour of your body.
After that, you create an "image of yourself". Finishing. You paint in such a way as to explain with your drawing: what is happening inside you, how “energy currents” flow through your body, how different parts of your body feel, what color they are ...

Exercise "Masks"

Target: Self-expression, self-consciousness. Dealing with different feelings

states. Development of skills, active listening, empathy, the ability to treat each other without judgment.

On pre-prepared stencils of masks, draw the faces that

You happen, and those faces that you would like to be. Tell the story from the perspective of each mask. At the end of the work, arrange an exhibition of masks. Find among all masks similar friend another mask.

Exercise “What is a boy? What is a girl?

Target: expansion of ideas about people, social behavior of people.

The group is divided into subgroups: adults and children. Each group is given a task - to make a joint collage on the topic: “What is a boy? What

is that a girl?" At the end of the work, a joint discussion is held. At the end of the discussion, both groups come together and create a single collage on the same topic. Particular attention is paid to ensuring that the opinion of each group is taken into account when creating a single work.

Exercise "Drawing yourself"

Target: Self-disclosure, work with the image of "I".

Draw yourself in the form of a plant, an animal, schematically. Works are not signed. At the end of the task, all the works are posted on the stand, and the participants in the work try to guess which work belongs to whom. Share your feelings and impressions about the work.

Exercise "Scratching"

Target:

Graphic work on a soapy lining. The work done in this way resembles an engraving, as it is created by a line of different directions in length, smoothness and is obtained velvety due to the deepening of the scratching of the surface.

Material: a sheet of paper prepared in advance (a sheet of paper is first lathered, then covered with gouache, ink or paint), a pen with an asterisk pen.

Graphic work on a wax lining. To complete this work, you need a piece of stearin candle, watercolors, ink.

Paints make a drawing or paint over a sheet with combinations of different tones, depending on what you have in mind. Then carefully wipe with a piece of candle so that the entire plane of the sheet is covered with stearin. After that, the entire work (the entire sheet) is covered with ink. Sometimes twice. Scratch after drying.

Salt Drawings and Tooth Paint Exercise

Target

But what if you paint with glue, and sprinkle salt on top of these areas? Then you get amazing snow pictures. They will look more impressive if they are performed on blue, blue, pink colored paper. You can create winter landscapes in another way by painting with toothpaste. Mark with a pencil light contours of trees, houses, snowdrifts. Slowly squeezing out the toothpaste, walk it along all the outlined contours. Such work must be dried and it is better not to put it in a folder along with other drawings.

Exercise "On the raw"

Target: develop imagination, fine motor skills of hands, relieve emotional stress.

The drawing then, it turns out, is raw, when paint is interspersed into the background that has not yet dried and is smeared with a swab or a wide brush.

This way of drawing helps to get magnificent sunrises and sunsets. Drawing an animal, or rather its coloring, helps to achieve similarity with nature. The object is obtained, as it were, fluffy. This method of drawing was very often used in his works by the illustrator Charushin.

Exercise "Spraying"

Target: develop imagination, fine motor skills of hands, relieve emotional stress.

Material: common comb, brush or toothbrush, paints.

Using this drawing method in your work, you can convey the direction of the wind - for this you need to try so that the spray falls in the same direction throughout the drawing.

Vividly express seasonal changes. So, for example, the leaves on the awn turn yellow, redden earlier than on birch or other deciduous trees. They are yellow and green and orange. And the method of spraying will help to convey all this diversity.

Exercise "Egg Mosaic"

Target: develop imagination, fine motor skills of hands, relieve emotional stress.

After there is left on your kitchen table eggshell don't throw it away. Separate from films, wash, dry and interpret. In several cups, dilute the paint and put the crushed shell there. After 15 minutes, the shell is squeezed out with a fork and laid out to dry. Here is the material for the mosaic. Mark the drawing with a pencil outline and after lubricating the surface with glue, cover it with a certain color of the shell.

Exercise "Monotype"

Target: Develops creativity, fantasy.

Material: cellophane or glass (the size of a sheet of paper), any paint, clean water, paper.

The paint is splashed with spots on the glass with water and a brush, sprayed on the glass. Then a sheet of clean paper is applied and pressed with fingers. Depending on the spots, on the direction of rubbing, different images are obtained. It is impossible twice - to get the same image.

This method can be used when tinting paper for drawing meadows, landscapes, the background can be obtained in one-color and multi-colored.

Exercise "Invisible. Candle drawing»

Target: develop imagination, fine motor skills of hands, relieve emotional stress.

Material: paper, candle wax, paraffin wax, watercolor or paint. Gouache is not suitable for this method of drawing, because. does not have luster. You can use ink.

First, the children draw with a candle everything that they want to depict on the sheet (or according to the topic). A magical drawing is obtained on the sheet, it is, and it is not. Then watercolor is applied to the sheet using the blur method. Depending on what you are painting, watercolor can be combined with ink.

Exercise "Pair drawing"

Time spending: 10-15 min.

Goals

Necessary materials

Progress: the group is divided into pairs, each pair is given a sheet of paper, a box of paints, pencils. Other materials can be kept on a separate table so that any child can come and grab what they need.

Instruction

The negative experience of interaction in the process of pair drawing is also discussed.

Exercise "Walk in the woods"

Target: development of imagination, and knowledge of one's inner corners of the soul.

materials: paper, paints, pencils, brushes, music player, musical records.

Procedure: 1. Imagine that you are in the forest. To revive the imagination of the participants with a short verbal story: “ Once upon a time there was a Green Forest. It was not just a Green Forest, but a Singing Forest. The birches there sang gentle birch songs, the oaks sang the ancient songs of the oaks. The river sang, the spring sang, but the birds sang the loudest, of course. The tits sang blue songs, and the robins sang crimson. How wonderful it is to walk a thin ribbon of the path and, forgetting about everything, dissolve in the majestic beauty of the forest! It is as if he opens his embrace for you, and you freeze in silent surprise. Silence delights you. You stand still, as if waiting for something. But then the wind blows, and everything immediately comes to life. The trees are waking up, shedding their sunny foliage - the letters of Autumn and the Forest. You've been waiting for them for so long! Going through each sheet, in the end, you find a letter addressed only to you. What is Les thinking? What is he dreaming about? Looking at the orange veins of the Maple letter, you can learn about everything: the Forest writes to you about Summer with the laughing sun and nightingale trills, about spring with its first flowers, cranes and flowering trees. About the sorceress-winter, which will soon come, will cover the Forest with its snowy carpet, and it will sparkle in the sun. In the meantime, the Forest lives in Autumn and rejoices at every moment, not paying attention to the fact that days and months are passing by... And Autumn is changing. She is increasingly sad and crying in the autumn rain. And how wonderful it is to sit in the forest under the Christmas tree and watch the silvery drops! The rain fills the forest with unique freshness. You are not sad at all, on the contrary, you rejoice when you suddenly see small multi-colored mushrooms that have quietly appeared under a tree. Your soul soars high to heaven. And you hide this feeling of flight deep in your heart in order to bring it to the next Autumn, or maybe to carry it through your whole life ...

2. Participants are invited to draw a memorable forest.

3. Discussion and interpretation of the drawings.

Issues for discussion:

How are you feeling?

What would you name your drawing?

What is shown tell me?

What feelings do the other participants' drawings evoke?

Try to find in the group an image or drawing similar to yours?

Exercise "Draw circles ..."

Target

materials

Exercise progress

Instruction: Take a seat at one of the tables. You can change your location if you wish. You have the right to move freely around the table and work in any territory. Draw a circle of the desired size with the color you like. Then draw one or two more circles of any size and color on the sheet. Outline the drawings. Connect your circles with lines that you especially like. Imagine that you are laying roads. Fill the space of each of your circles with story drawings, icons, symbols, i.e. give them personality. Next, walk around the picture sheet, carefully examine the drawings. If you really want to finish something in the circles of other participants, try to negotiate with them. With the consent of the authors, write kind words and wishes about the drawings that you like. Be careful of space and the feelings of others! Sketch the remaining free space on the sheet with patterns, symbols, icons, etc. First of all, agree with the other participants on the content and methods of creating a background for the group drawing.

Issues for discussion:

"How are you feeling?"

"Tell me about your drawing?"

“Did you complement the work of other participants?”

What difficulties did you encounter along the way? and etc.

Exercise "The Tale of the Butterfly of Dreams"

Target: actualization of the emotional and cognitive component of the experience of dreams, the study of "night fears", the search for an internal resource.

Materials and equipment: a sheet of A4 paper, felt-tip pens; materials for making a collage: newspapers, magazines, postcards, paints, pencils, felt-tip pens, PVA glue, scissors, a silhouette image of a butterfly, a music player, music records.

Procedure:

1. The psychologist demonstrates a variety of materials for making a collage. Psychologist. To complete the next task, we need to draw a butterfly. (The following text is for an adult: the symbolic meaning of the butterfly can be explained for further work).

A butterfly in many cultures is a symbol of the soul, immortality, rebirth and resurrection, since this winged celestial creature is born from an ordinary caterpillar. Among the Celts, she personifies the soul and fire, among the Chinese - immortality, leisure in abundance and joy. Sleep was also considered a kind of short-term death, when the soul leaves its bodily shell every night and goes on a kind of journey. Butterflies help the soul "return" to its body. And on their wings they carry memories of the journey of the soul.

2. Participants can be asked to close their eyes. To meditative music, the psychologist tells a fairy tale.

In one magical land, dream butterflies live in a huge flower meadow. During the day, they most often sleep, cozying up in flower buds. But with the onset of night, the butterflies wake up and scatter around the world. Each butterfly hurries to visit its person - a child or an adult.

The dream butterfly has amazing wings. One wing of a butterfly is light. It smells of flowers, summer rain and sweets. This wing is covered with multi-colored dust particles of good and cheerful dreams, and if a butterfly waves this wing over a person, then he will have good and pleasant dreams all night long.

But the butterfly has another, dark wing. It smells like a swamp and is covered with black dust of terrible and sad dreams. If a butterfly waves a dark wing over a person, then at night he will have an unpleasant or sad dream.

The butterfly of dreams gives each person both good and terrible dreams.

Try to remember your most pleasant dreams (pause), and now your worst dreams. Open your eyes.

3. Making a collage.

Take a sheet with a drawn butterfly silhouette. With the help of colored pencils, paints, any other means (cuttings from newspapers, magazines), try to reflect the content of your terrible dream on one wing, and the content of pleasant dreams on the other wing. In color, express your emotional attitude to your dreams. Draw the butterfly's face.

4. After making the collage the client presents his work. Further interaction between the psychologist and the client is carried out taking into account the tasks of correction or counseling, as well as the intellectual and reflective capabilities of the client.

Issues for discussion:

What are your feelings and experiences during the exercise?

Did you feel a sense of belonging to the group, security?

Did you like the exercise, was there a feeling of comfort?

Exercise "Spontaneous drawing"

Target: to give children the opportunity to realize their real experiences, to react their feelings towards the teacher.

Exercise progress: After reading the fairy tale, children are invited to draw a picture - whoever wants what. The facilitator helps the group members to realize their real experiences, to reveal their perspectives in the process of discussing the drawings. Children are asked questions for understanding and clarification. What did you draw? What is it? What did you like and dislike about the story? What part of the story is most memorable? Was it difficult or easy to draw? Note: drawings are not interpreted, compared, the results of the drawings are not summed up.

Exercise "My planet"

Target: develop imagination, fine motor skills of hands, relieve emotional stress.

Instruction:“Close your eyes and imagine a planet in space. What planet? Who inhabits this planet? Is it easy to get to it? By what laws do they live on it? What are the residents doing? What is your planet's name? Draw this planet

Children make drawings, after which a discussion of the work is held.

The game "Two with one chalk"

Target: the development of cooperation, the establishment of a psychological climate in the group.

Equipment: sheet A4, pencils.

Game progress: Break into pairs and sit at the table next to your partner. Now you are one team that must paint a picture. You are given only one pencil. You must take turns drawing one picture, passing each other a pencil. There is a rule in this game - you can not talk while drawing. You have 5 minutes to draw.

What did you draw while working in pairs?

Was it difficult for you to draw silently?

Have you come to a consensus with your partner?

Was it difficult for you because the image was constantly changing?

Exercise "Drawing on crumpled paper"

Target: develop imagination, fine motor skills of hands, relieve emotional stress.

Use crumpled paper as the basis for your drawing. First crush it well and tune in to work. At the same time, you can draw with paints or pencils (chalk), you can cut off the edges of the picture, making it in the form of an oval, circle, etc.

Exercise "Inkblots and Butterflies"

Target: develop imagination, fine motor skills of hands, relieve emotional stress.

Drop ink on thin paper and fold the sheet into a tube or fold it in half, unfold the sheet and transform the image you see. Discuss the results of the work in the group, find the images of other participants that you like the most.

Exercise "Drawing with charcoal crayons"

Target: develop imagination, fine motor skills of hands, relieve emotional stress.

To create an image, use charcoal crayons, using all the possibilities of this pictorial material. You can use large paper sizes for your work. Use charcoal along with colored pencils or wax crayons. Discuss the sensations and feelings that arise during the work and its results.

Technique "Doodle"

Target: develop imagination, fine motor skills of hands, relieve emotional stress. Freely drawing on a sheet of paper with a pencil, draw scribbles without any purpose and intention and give to a partner who will have to create an image from them and develop it.

Options:

then exchange transformed doodles with your partner and try to continue the drawing without disturbing what he has drawn, then discuss together your associations related to each other's drawings;

after completing the drawing, write a story based on the scribbles;

express in words your feelings and associations that arose when perceiving your partner's scribbles;

with sweeping movements of various parts of the body, create scribbles on big sheet(Whatman paper, the reverse side of the wallpaper), you can close your eyes. After completion, find the image in the image and develop it.

Exercise "Drawing a mood"

Target: The development of empathy.

Material: Paints, paper.

Holding: We draw different moods with paints (sad, cheerful, joyful, etc.). We discuss with the children what the mood depends on, what a person looks like when he is in a good mood, sad, etc.

Exercise "Rainbow"

Target: The development of the emotional world. Development of communication skills.

Material: Whatman paper, paints, brushes.

Holding: The children are told about the sequence of the colors of the rainbow. On a large sheet of drawing paper, they take turns each drawing one strip of a rainbow. When all the children draw on the strip, the drawing can be decorated with flowers, trees, birds, etc.

Exercise "Group drawing in a circle"

Target: The development of empathy, a friendly attitude towards each other.

Material: Paper, pencils.

Holding: On a piece of paper, you need to draw a simple picture or just color spots, and then pass the baton to the next participant to continue the drawing. As a result, each drawing returns to its first author. After completing this task, the initial plan is discussed. Participants talk about their feelings. Collective drawings can be attached to the wall: a kind of exhibition is created, which for some time will remind the group of collective work in a “foreign space”.

This technique can cause aggressive feelings, resentment. Therefore, the psychologist should warn the participants about the careful attitude to each other's work.

Exercise "Drawing to music"

Target: Removal of emotional stress.

Material: Watercolor or gouache paints, wide brushes, paper, Vivaldi's audio cassette "The Seasons".

Holding: Drawing to the music of Vivaldi's "The Four Seasons" with large strokes.

Summer - red strokes (berries)

Autumn - yellow and orange (leaves)

Winter - blue (snow)

Spring - green (leaves)

Exercise "Magic colors"

Target: develop imagination, fine motor skills of hands, relieve emotional stress.

Now we will create Magic colors. Here is your tray with everyone necessary things(flour in cups, gouache, salt, sunflower oil, water, PVA glue.) Pick up a glass of flour, stir it with your hands. What does she feel like? Give her a piece of your warmth, and she will become warmer. Now add salt and mix everything with your fingers. Now let's add oil. Then we add water to make a real magic paint. To make our paintings durable, add PVA glue. Now almost everything is ready. It remains for us to give our paint a color. Choose a gouache color that you like and add a little to the paint. Well done, you made a real magic paint. These are paints for everyone, let's put them in the center of the table. Now we will try our magic colors and draw a magical land. Children are offered cardboard different color, calm music is turned on and children draw with their hands. Finished works are laid out in free places, organizing an exhibition, at this time the music continues to play.

Discussion:

What did you feel when you did the work? What do you feel now?

Exercise "The story of the life of flowers"

Target: development of sensory abilities; development of the imagination.
Age: preschool; junior school.

Materials: A4 paper; watercolor paints; brushes; photos of sky, sun, sea, flowers, trees.

Description of the exercise:

“Today I will tell you one interesting story from the life of flowers. But first, let's remember with you what colors are. I will name the first one, and you will continue, agreed? So red...

Once the different colors have been named, start telling the story.

“Once upon a time there were two colors: Yellow and Blue. They did not know each other, and each considered himself the most necessary, the most beautiful, the very best color! But somehow they met by chance ... Oh, what started then! Everyone desperately tried to prove that he was the best!

Yellow said:

- Look at me! Look how bright and radiant I am! I am the color of the sun! I am the color of sand on a summer day! I am the color that brings joy and warmth!
Blue replied:

- So what! And I'm the color of the sky! I am the color of the seas and oceans! I am the color that brings peace!

- Not! Anyway, I'm the best! Yellow argued.

- No, I'm the best! Blue didn't give up.
And so they argued and argued ... They argued and argued ...

Until the passing wind heard them! Then he blew! Everything around was spinning, mixed up! These two debaters also mixed up ... Yellow and Blue ....

And when the wind died down, Yellow and Blue saw another color next to them - Green! And he looked at them and smiled. - Friends! he turned to them. - Look, thanks to you I appeared! Meadow color! Tree color! This is a real miracle!

Yellow and Blue thought for a moment and then smiled back.
- Yes, you are right! It's really a miracle! And we won't fight anymore! After all, everyone is really beautiful and necessary in their own way! And there is sky and sun, seas and meadows, joy and peace! Thanks to all of us, the world becomes bright, interesting and colorful!
And holding hands, the three of them laughed merrily! So they got better!”

After that, invite the child to create a miracle together. To do this, take one landscape sheet, paints and two brushes. Ask the child: what color would you like to paint now - yellow or blue? After he chooses a color, say:

"Excellent! You have chosen your color and you will paint with it. And I will paint with the color that remains. And together with you we will create a miracle! Do you remember how the miracle happened in the story I told you? Yes, that's right, there are two colors mixed with each other: yellow and blue. And it turned out green! So now we will try to do it with you!

To do this, you start drawing with your color from one edge of the sheet, and slowly move towards the middle. And I will draw from the other side. And when we meet, then a miracle will turn out!

When the “miracle” happened and the color turned green:

Ask the child how many flowers are now on a piece of paper;

Ask: because of what the yellow and blue were arguing;

Why then did they decide not to quarrel anymore;

Say again what needed to be done to get the green color;

Suggest experimenting with mixing other colors;

Draw a big picture that would include all the colors you found. Give her a name. Notice how great it really is that our world is so colorful and everything is good in its own way. How important it is to live together.

Note: It will be especially good if, when telling a story, you will also show the child photographs or pictures of the corresponding subject. For example, when there is a dispute between yellow and blue, then show the child photos of the sky, sun, sand, sea, etc. When the green comes, show the meadows various plants. And at the end of the story, show a photo in which the child could see how all these colors are combined with each other.

Exercise "Map of my inner world"

Target: the formation of self-image; awareness and expression of their feelings; emotional rapprochement between the child and parents.
Age: older preschool children.

Materials: paper different format; paints, brushes;
a set of pencils / felt-tip pens / crayons; various geographical maps.

Description of the exercise: Show your child different maps.

“There are various geographical maps in front of you. As you can see, they can tell us about how the continents, oceans, seas, mountains are located; about the features of nature; about the structure and development of cities; about different peoples. The map reflects everything that people could discover and study. Although once our Earth was completely unknown, people knew little about what surrounds them.
But all this is the outer world. And there is another world. The world is internal. Each person has his own - amazing, unique, and somewhere unknown.
So let's create maps of our inner world with you. They will be similar to the cards that we looked at today, only all the names on them will be special for us. For example, "ocean of love", or "mountain of courage". Let us first denote what we have already discovered in ourselves, we know. And leave room for our further discoveries"

When the cards are ready, arrange “tours” on them for each other.

When viewing, pay attention to:

What prevails on your cards: what feelings, states, colors;
- what was chosen "route" of advancement on the map, from what place the journey began and where it ended;

What areas were left for further discoveries; what kind of discoveries would you like to make;

Ask the child what was the most difficult for him to portray, and also share your difficulties, if any.

At the end of the tour, ask if everything turned out as planned? Would you like to change something? What did you like most about your map, and the map of another? How are your cards similar and how are they different?

Note: Try to keep working with the cards in the following days. Let them remain in sight for this, so that you can always add something, change something. It will be good if you periodically again conduct “excursions” for each other and pay attention to what has changed in the perception of the map.

An exercise "Envelopes joy and grief"

Goals: development of skills to openly express one's feelings in relation to various life situations, stress relief, emotional rapprochement between the child and parents.

Age: senior preschool;

Materials: postal envelopes, paper of various formats; color/white cardboard; paints, a set of pencils / felt-tip pens / crayons; scissors, glue.

Description of the exercise:

“In a whole day, a lot of different events have time to happen - something amuses us, something surprises us, something makes us happy, and something makes us sad. Let's make envelopes with you in which we can collect everything that was remembered for the day. In one of them we will collect our joys, and in the other we will hide sorrows.

Now invite your child to make envelopes. To do this, you can use both ordinary postal envelopes (which you can then paint, make some kind of application on them), or make them yourself. To do this, you can come up with your own form, choose the material itself (album sheets, white / colored cardboard, foil, etc.)
When the envelope of joy and the envelope of sorrows are ready, start filling them out.
Take small pieces of paper and ask the child to write on them, or draw what made him happy and what upset him. And distribute it to the appropriate envelopes.
Then invite him to use his hands to represent the scales.

Let him place one envelope on his right hand and the other on his left. How does he think he outweighs? Joy? Great, tell me that tomorrow, when we fill out our envelopes again, there will probably be even more of it! Outweigh the grief? Say that, of course, it's sad. But after all, we put them in an envelope, they are no longer in you - but in this envelope. This means they have lost control over you. And tomorrow we will continue to fill out our envelopes again, and we'll see who outweighs!

In the process of filling out the envelopes, you can periodically review their contents with the child, discuss something, remove or add. Let the child decide for himself how long he will “lead” such envelopes. When he wants to stop, do a "full revision" of the content. Then offer to store the envelope with the accumulated joys in a safe place, so that there would always be an opportunity to review it if it suddenly becomes sad. But with an envelope of grief, offer to “deal with it”. Let the child come up with a way how grief will leave his life forever (say, the envelope can be torn and trampled; you can cut it or put it in water and wait until it gets wet, etc.)

Activity "Our Family Poster"

Target: emotional rapprochement of family members, the assimilation of family values.

Age: preschool, school.

Materials: paper of different sizes; color/white cardboard; paints, a set of pencils / felt-tip pens / crayons; various envelopes, scissors, glue.
Description of the exercise:

A3 paper or a Whatman sheet is best for making a poster. Together with your child, come up with a greeting that you write on the poster, think over the design. You may want to decorate the poster with your family photos, or maybe you can draw something together.

Each family has its own traditions, its own rhythm, its own atmosphere. Try to come up with pockets that will characterize exactly your family, so that you can feel the “zest”.

Note: try to fill these pockets with all members of your family. Thanks to this, the child will be able to quickly understand and assimilate family values, and, most importantly, to feel the cohesion of his family.

Exercise "My emblem"

Target: the formation of self-image; awareness of their interests, aspirations; the formation of self-esteem; emotional rapprochement between the child and parents.

Age: before school age.

Materials: paper of different sizes; color/white cardboard; paints;
a set of pencils / felt-tip pens / crayons; scissors, glue, plasticine; images of various emblems; family photos.

Description of the exercise: Show the child various emblems, look at them.

“As you can see, an emblem is a distinctive sign that depicts something that symbolizes some idea, person, objects.
What does symbolize you? What subjects most clearly reflect your lifestyle, interests, plans?

Try to create your own logo"

After making the emblem:

Review it with your child;

Let him tell why he depicted these particular objects;

Did he like the way he embodied his plan?

Note: You can also invite your child to create the coat of arms of your family. This task is best done together with him. Tell us about the history of your family, if you have photos, show them. Ask what he would like to depict on the coat of arms, and share your ideas. Try to find the general solution that would most fully reflect your vision of the coat of arms with him.

Exercise "Flower" Target:develop imagination, fine motor skills of hands, relieve emotional stress. Materials:paper, brushes, paints, pencils, markers. Close your eyes and imagine a beautiful flower. What does he look like? How does he smell? Where does it grow? What surrounds him? Now open your eyes and try to portray everything that you imagined. What is the mood of your flower? Let's make up a story about him. Notes: it is important to finish the exercise in a positive mood if the child has composed sad story or his flower is in a bad mood, then you can suggest changing the picture or story so that the mood becomes good. Paint Blowing Technique

Target: develop imagination, fine motor skills of hands, relieve emotional stress.

Apply water-soluble paint with plenty of water to a sheet of paper, use various combinations of colors, at the very end of the work, inflate color spots through a thin tube, forming droplets, splashes and mixing colors into fancy scribbles and blots; try to see the image and develop it.

The resulting image is always different from what was shown on the original form. It may be less clear than the original, more vague, the boundaries between different colors may be erased. The intricate patterns that appear on the printed material are random and cannot be reproduced exactly by the author. In the process of doing the work, spontaneous self-expression, actualization of feelings and emotions, stress relief, development of variability of thinking, perception, and creativity occur. The child is asked which of the images he likes best, the chosen option receives the name and attention of the author, adult, and other children.

Technique "Drawing in a ball"

This technique can be used to increase the self-esteem of children with the symptom "I can not draw", the development of creativity, diagnosis.

In the course of work, the psychologist must unwind a ball of thread and show the children how to create patterns or paintings on the floor or table. Then each child takes the ball in turn and, unwinding it, creates a composition, after which a discussion is held.

Issues for discussion:

What letters do you see here;

What figures do you see here;

Can you make out any numbers here;

What dish is shown here;

What do these lines remind you of: people, landscapes, some events.

On an individual basis, this technique can be used with aggressive, hyperactive, easily distracted, and withdrawn children.

Technique "Nitkography"

If a thread (30–50 cm) is dipped into the paint, then laid out on a sheet at its own discretion, leaving only the tip outside the sheet, and then covered with another sheet on top, and pressing it down with your hand, pull the thread out of the space between the sheets, then on both adjacent to the painted surface threads will leave unusual imprints.

History Drawing Technique

The objectives of this technique are diagnostics, correction of inadequate behavior patterns, resolution of internal conflicts, removal of emotional stress.

In the course of work, the child is invited to draw an illustration for a story. Then the psychologist conducts a discussion with the child.

If the plot proposed by the child is problematic, he is invited to draw a picture on the topic, for example, “If this story continued, then how would events develop?” or “What would you change about this story for the better?” etc.

The following drawings are created on the principle of comics until the problem situation is resolved. After each drawing, the teacher leads a discussion.

Technique "Drawing in a circle"

This technique is used in group work, contributes to group cohesion, involvement in the process of even the most inactive participants, the development of creativity, and self-esteem.

Progress: The guys are seated in a circle, each with a pencil and a sheet of paper prepared in advance. A vertical sheet is divided into 3 parts, and then 1 and 3 parts are wrapped inside, like an envelope.

The following is the instruction:“Now we will create a fantastic creature together. The first person draws the head, passes the sheet to another participant, and he draws the body without looking at the head. The sheet is then given to a third person who draws the legs. The next one unfolds the sheet, comes up with a name for the creature and a little story about it.”

Technique "Doodle or Hatching"

Tasks solved during the implementation of this technique: development of imagination, fantasies, work with the “I can’t draw” syndrome, group rallying, relieving emotional stress. Hatching and scribbles help stir up the child, make you feel the pressure of a chalk or pencil, and can be used at the beginning of a lesson. The execution process itself takes place in a certain rhythm, which has a beneficial effect on the emotional sphere of the child. Each child has his own, dictated by the psycho-physiological rhythms of the body. Rhythm is present in all life cycles, including the daily routine, the alternation of tension and relaxation, work and rest, etc. Rhythm creates a mood for activity, tones the child.

In the course of work, children are invited to freely drive a pencil or crayons on a sheet of paper without a goal. Paints are not used. Lines can look illegible, careless, inept, or, conversely, clear and precise. They can be straight, curved, broken, rounded, spiral, have the form of checkmarks, dotted lines. The result is a complex "tangle" of lines, in which you can see any image or abstraction. The resulting image can be developed, supplemented, completed, and you can also express your feelings and associations in connection with this image, compose a story about it, etc.

A variation of shading is the “frottage” method, when the surface of the sheet is shaded, under which a flat object or a prepared silhouette is placed (for sure, everyone tried to “show” a coin in this way).

Technique "Plasticine composition"

Plasticine can create various images. This is a time-consuming technique that requires perseverance and long-term concentration of attention from the child. It is good to use this technique with hyperactive children.

Tasks to be solved in the course of the work: development of sensory-perceptual sphere, development of imagination, originality of thinking, creative self-expression.

In the course of work, children are given a piece of cardboard and plasticine each. The child can take a piece of plasticine of the proposed or favorite color and knead it in his hands so that it becomes soft. Then the plasticine is applied with fingers on the cardboard, as if smeared. After that, the guys can be offered a set of cereals, pasta, watermelon and pumpkin seeds or any other small items. By pressing them into the plasticine base, the children thereby create a free composition or a given theme.

Then you can come up with a name for the craft, a fairy tale story for it, and make an exhibition.

Technique "Mandala"

The word mandala is of Sanskrit origin and means "magic circle". Mandala is a mirror, an imprint of life here and now. The basis is a drawing in a circle. The circle is a symbol of the planet Earth, as well as a symbol of the protection of the mother's womb. Thus, when creating a circle, a boundary is drawn that protects the physical and psychological space. Anyone can color this circle. Coloring templates can be found everywhere on the Internet and printed on a printer. You can create the base yourself - for this you need to circle a plate on paper, for example.

Spontaneous work with color and shape inside the circle contributes to a change in the state of consciousness of the child, calms and balances, opens up the possibility for spiritual growth, the development of creative abilities.

Technique "Draw emotions"

The main objective of this technique is to study various emotional states child (sadness, anger, fear, joy, sadness, etc.)

At the beginning of work, ask the child to choose a color that matches his mood and depict it on a sheet (leave a trace). It can be a blot, straight or broken lines, various strokes, etc. Questions for reflection: How can this condition be called? What does it look like? This work can be done in the form of unrelated lines, strokes, symbols, or it can be combined into a whole picture.

In another version, a silhouette of a person is drawn. Invite the child to remember any event in his life (joyful, happy, sad, sad, etc.). Next, ask the child what he experienced at the same time, what emotions, in what part of the body, what color can these emotions be painted with? Then offer to paint over or shade the location of the emotion on the person's silhouette with the appropriate color. When the work is completed, invite the child to look at his emotion from the outside, what he feels at the same time, what he would like to do with the image of this emotion: draw, redraw, tear, crumple, burn, etc. After completing all the desired actions with the drawing, thank the child for the work.

Technique "Drawing with fingers"

Finger painting is a permitted mud game in which destructive impulses and actions are expressed in a socially accepted form. The child, imperceptibly for himself, may dare to do actions that he usually does not do, because he is afraid, does not want, or does not consider it possible to break the rules. The very process of drawing with fingers is often not indifferent to the child, and each subsequent drawing is not like the previous one. Every time it happens in a new way: a different color is chosen, the ratio of lines, tempo, rhythm, etc. Therefore, the result of manipulations with paint can be unpredictable: it is not known what image will turn out in the end. But not all children, on their own initiative, switch to finger painting. Some, having tried this method, return back to the brush or sponge, as to the more familiar means of image. Some kids find it hard to get started with finger painting. As a rule, these are children with rigid social attitudes of behavior, focused on early cognitive development, as well as those in whom parents see “little adults”, from whom mature behavior, restraint, and reasonableness of opinions are expected. It is for these children that “playing with mud” serves as a prevention and correction of anxiety, social fears, and depression.

Technique "Drawing on water"

Aqua painting (ebru) is a technique of drawing on the surface of water. Ebru uses only natural materials. The drawing is applied with paints that do not dissolve in water, but remain on the surface. Then the paints are mixed with each other with a brush (or a special stick) and form bizarre and unique patterns. Next, paper or cloth is applied to the drawing, carefully removed and dried. And the drawing is ready. Children perceive the process of drawing on water as real magic. When their creation is printed on paper, leaving the water crystal clear, children's delight is indescribable! Watercolor painting helps not only to develop children's fantasy and imagination, but also has an amazing calming effect.

However, it should be borne in mind that water activities require special paints that cannot always be found and bought. Therefore, this technique can be replaced by drawing on glass.

Technique "Drawing on glass"

Water is able to absorb negative energy and positively affect the child's psyche. Water games fascinate every child and provide an opportunity to emotionally discharge and get new experience.

Before offering glass to a child, it is necessary to process its edge in order to comply with safety regulations. Unlike drawing on paper, glass gives new visual impressions and tactile sensations. The children are captivated by the drawing process itself: gouache (it is its properties that are best suited for drawing on glass) glides softly, it can be smeared with a brush and fingers, as it does not absorb into the surface material and does not dry out for a long time.

It is better to draw on glass of large sizes, for example, 25x40cm or 40x70cm - they have where to turn around. Right in the process of drawing, the glass can be washed with a wet sponge, applied a new pattern, washed off again. This is what reactive and anxious children do. It often happens that someone pours a lot of water on the glass, moves it from side to side, collects it with a sponge, mixes it with paint, etc. This manner is typical for children of preschool and primary school age who have problems of an affective-personal plan. The space of the child's activity expands due to the flow of water outside the glass. In addition, the consistency of water is significantly different from paint. Less density and fluidity increase the speed of manipulation, remove static and specific images. Due to the fact that the paint is not absorbed, no matter how many multi-colored layers are applied, a transparent base will always shine through under them. Thanks to these properties, the image on glass is perceived as momentary, temporary, devoid of monumentality and constancy. Only basting, game, you can not be responsible for the result, since there is no result. It is as if the child does not draw, but trains to draw, and, accordingly, has the right to make mistakes and corrections, without painful worries about what has already been done, which cannot be changed. The described technique is used to prevent and correct anxiety, social fears and fears associated with the result of the activity (“I'm afraid to make a mistake”). Suitable for restrained children, as it provokes activity. It reveals children, "crushed and stuffed" with the comments of teachers and parents, academic failures, workload, exorbitant demands. Joint drawing on the same glass as a problematic situation provokes children to establish and maintain contacts, to form the ability to act in conflict, to concede or defend positions, to negotiate.

training,

aimed at changing the collective mood through art therapy methods

The collective mood is the emotional reactions of the collective to the phenomena of the objective world, occurring in a certain period of time. It has great contagiousness, impulsive power and dynamism. The phenomenon under consideration mobilizes or restrains the collective consciousness, determines the nature of the general opinion and interpersonal relations. Consequently, the mood of the team is interrelated emotional reactions and experiences that have a certain color, are characterized by greater or lesser intensity and tension. The degree of readiness of group members for certain actions depends on them.

Purpose of the training: changing the collective mood, through group interaction; create a good psychological climate through cooperation and mutual assistance within the group. Increasing the tone of the group.

materials: balloon, paints, brushes, pencils, crayons, paper, water cups, colored paper, magazines, scissors, glue, felt-tip pens, markers.

1. Exercise "Ball" (7-10 min)

Target: Warming up, inclusion of all participants in the work. Increasing the tone of the group. Materials: balloon.

Instruction: All participants stand in a circle. Psychologist: “Today in class we will play with balloons. I propose to start with this balloon, - the leader holds one balloon in his hands. - Now we will pass it in a circle, but on one condition: you can do this using only your elbows (squeezing the ball with your elbows), you can’t help with brushes. So, we started. The second round the ball is passed only with the feet (squeezing the ball with the knees). Third circle: the ball is passed with the help of the head (the ball is pressed with the head to the shoulder).

2. Exercise "Associations" (10-15 min)

Target: The exercise enhances the feeling of the group, the inclusion of all participants in the work, creates a positive emotional mood.

Necessary materials: paints, brushes, pencils, crayons, paper, water cups, colored paper, magazines, scissors, glue, felt-tip pens, markers.

Progress: Exercise "Associations". The group is divided into pairs. Each participant on a sheet of paper draws associations on his partner (if he were a color, object, animal, musical direction, then what?). 10 minutes are allotted for this work. When the associations are ready, you can use them to introduce your partner. To compile an associative series, you can use ready-made images by cutting them out of a magazine and sticking them on paper.

3. Exercise "Pair drawing" (10-15 min)

Goals: development of self-regulation, arbitrariness of behavior, ability to work according to the rules, development of the ability of constructive interaction. The technique is carried out in pairs.

Necessary materials: paints, brushes, pencils, crayons, paper, water cups, colored paper, magazines, scissors, glue, felt-tip pens, markers. Work progress: the group is divided into pairs, each pair is given a sheet of paper, a box of paints, pencils. Other materials can be kept on a separate table so that any child can come and grab what they need.

Instruction: “Now we will draw in pairs. Two people draw some kind of single composition or image on one sheet of paper. At the same time, there is very important condition: you can’t agree in advance what kind of drawing it will be, you can’t talk in the process of work. In addition to paints and pencils, it is allowed to supplement the image with colored paper, use ready-made images from magazines, cutting and pasting them in addition to the composition. We start on the signal."

After the drawings are ready, a discussion and exhibition of works is held. You can choose the most harmonious, the most unusual or the most conflicting work and ask questions to the authors, what helped them, how they acted, how they agreed on a non-verbal level, what exactly they would draw, etc.

The negative experience of interaction in the process of pair drawing is also discussed.

4. Exercise "Line" (5-10 min.)

Target: team building. The exercise allows you to become aware of non-verbal means of establishing contact, to test them in safe environment groups, to test their ability to establish contact in various situations, to understand that when establishing contact there is no universal means and rules, and above all, you need to focus on the person with whom you interact.

Exercise progress: participants are lined up according to: growth; hair color; alphabet of names; leg size; zodiac sign, etc.

Instruction: “Now you have to line up in a row according to the color of your eyes, from the lightest to the darkest. When building, it is forbidden to talk. So let's get started." You have 2 minutes to build. Then it is proposed to line up according to the color of the hair, from the lightest to the darkest. The conditions are the same. The last task is the most difficult: line up in height with your eyes closed, without talking.

Issues for discussion:

What do you feel now?

What did you like the most?

Was it difficult for you to do the exercise?

5. Exercise "Draw circles ..." (35-45 min.)

For this technique, the circle was chosen as a mythological symbol of harmonies. It is believed that the circle, due to the absence of sharp corners, is the most “friendly” of all geometric shapes, meaning approval, friendship, sympathy, gentleness, sensuality. Working in a circle activates integrative, emotional, intuitive (right hemisphere) thinking, and also unites, stabilizes the group, and contributes to the formation of favorable interpersonal relationships. Even small children, according to S. Rais, prefer circles to all other figures. This is apparently due to the simplicity of the round shape. The artist, as E. Bülow noted in the article “And here is a sign for you ...”, immersed in the process of depicting a wide variety of symbols, fills the entire surface of the sheet to the very edge, as if opening them for himself. Many sheets, dotted with circles, sometimes larger, sometimes smaller, touching or intersecting with each other, and sometimes included in one another, raise the question of the significance of the circle as a symbol. Usually, drawn circles are far from perfect in terms of geometry. However, they are self-sufficient entities, for the designation of which it is difficult to find words. In the mind, only ideas about a certain form arise, the aesthetic merits of which hold attention.

Target: development of spontaneity, reflection; allows you to clarify personal characteristics, values, claims, the nature of the problems of each participant, his position in the group; reveals interpersonal and group relationships, their dynamics, has the potential for the formation of group cohesion.

materials: Two rolls (one for each table) of thick paper. A variety of visual materials and tools in sufficient quantities: pencils, felt-tip pens, paints, gouache, brushes, jars of water, eraser, adhesive tape.

Exercise progress: The group sits around the table, they are offered whatman paper, simple pencils, paints, brushes, glossy magazines and glue. Each of the participants draws a circle figure, and can also draw other people's drawings, write wishes to each other. At the end of the work, the participants share their impressions of the joint work, show their own drawings, talk about the idea, plot, feelings, read out, if desired, aloud the good wishes that other participants wrote to him.

Instruction: Take a seat at one of the tables. You can change your location if you wish. You have the right to move freely around the table and work in any territory. Draw a circle of the desired size with the color you like. Then draw one or two more circles of any size and color on the sheet. Outline the drawings. Connect your circles with lines that you especially like. Imagine that you are laying roads. Fill the space of each of your circles with story drawings, icons, symbols, i.e. give them personality. Next, walk around the picture sheet, carefully examine the drawings. If you really want to finish something in the circles of other participants, try to negotiate with them. With the consent of the authors, write kind words and wishes about the drawings that you like. Be careful of space and the feelings of others! Sketch the remaining free space on the sheet with patterns, symbols, icons, etc. First of all, agree with other participants on the content and methods for creating a background for the group drawing

Art therapy training on the formation of a conscious attitude to the process of self-knowledge

Self-knowledge is the study by a person of his own mental and physical characteristics, understanding himself. It begins in infancy and continues throughout life. It is formed gradually as the reflection of both the external world and the knowledge of oneself.

The main ways of self-knowledge include:

analysis of one's own activities and behavior based on comparison with other people;

self-observation, it can be both external, with the help of video and audio recording tools, and internal - observation of one's thoughts, feelings, reactions to certain events;

self-report (internal report to oneself).

The process of self-knowledge is closely connected with the self-reflection of the subject, which contributes to the expansion of the self-consciousness of the individual and the development of social-perceptual intelligence. Social psychology, exploring the problem of communication and interpersonal perception, widely uses the concept of "self-reflection". Self-reflection is present in interpersonal communication and perception. In social psychology, self-reflection is understood as an individual's awareness of how he is perceived by a communication partner. This is no longer just knowledge or understanding of the other, but knowledge of how the other person understands his partner, a kind of process of mirror mutual reflection of each other, a deep consistent reflection, the content of which is the reconstruction of the inner world of the communication partner, and in this inner world, in turn, displays the inner world of the first

Group principles:

address each other with "you" and by name (without regard to status);

be responsible for your words and actions;

"here and now";

everything that is done in the group is done on a voluntary basis;

accept yourself and others for who they are.

At the same time, the assessment of one's own qualities occurs independently on the basis of the information received in the group.

Target: formation of a conscious attitude to the process of self-knowledge, motivation for further self-reflection.

Tasks:

formation of a conscious attitude to the process of self-knowledge;

awareness of their behavioral patterns;

development of spontaneity and involuntariness in behavioral patterns;

development of self-reflection.

Stages of work:

I. Stage - warming up:

Target: performing non-verbal and psycho-gymnastic exercises that promote self-knowledge, self-expression and rapprochement of group members.

materials: musical accompaniment.

Exercise "Awakening"

Target: analysis and introspection of one's own sensations, emotions and feelings.

materials: musical accompaniment.

Time: 5-10 min.

Procedure: The group members create a circle. In turn, they depict the process of awakening in the morning through pantomime, reflecting the accompanying feelings. AT feedback members of the circle voice the feelings that the protagonist portrayed and analyze own feelings. The protagonist reflects the content embedded in the pantomime. All members of the group act as protagonists.

What are you trying to portray?

"How did you feel doing the task?"

How did you feel after completing this task?

“How did the image you showed fit in with how the group perceived it?”,

“Were there any difficulties in what you wanted to demonstrate? Was it difficult to complete this task?

Exercise "Road of my life"

Target: analysis and introspection of one's own sensations, emotions and feelings. Reflection of the life experience of each member of the group.

materials: musical accompaniment.

Time: 5-10 min.

Procedure: The group members create a circle. In turn, they depict the path of their life through pantomime, reflecting the accompanying feelings. In feedback, the members of the circle voice the feelings that the protagonist portrayed and analyze their own feelings. The protagonist reflects the content embedded in the pantomime. All members of the group act as protagonists.

Questions for discussion (feedback):

“How could you feel the inner world of the person doing the exercise?”,

"Did you manage to complete the task"

"Did anyone have similar" roads? "",

Were there any obstacles during the exercise?

Exercise "Partnership"

Target: analysis of one's own behavioral patterns, development of spontaneity and involuntariness in behavioral patterns.

materials: musical accompaniment.

Time: 5-10 min.

Procedure: Having broken into pairs, the members of the group stand with their backs to each other. Couples are invited to sit down and stand together as harmoniously as possible. The leader does not set silence. Behavioral reactions of group members, their comments in the context of interaction are analyzed.

Questions for discussion (feedback):

“Did you completely trust your partner when doing the exercise?”,

Did you have any difficulty doing the exercise?

"How did you feel after doing the exercise?"

Exercise "Get in the circle"

Target: awareness and analysis of one's own behavioral tendencies and characteristics of one's personality.

materials: musical accompaniment.

Time: 5-10 min.

Procedure: you need to stand in a circle, holding hands tightly. One of the participants remains behind the circle. The one who remained outside the circle must first get inside and then go out. Other members of the group have the right to let him into the circle or not to let him out of it, depending on whether the behavior of this member during interaction with them will cause a desire to see him in his circle or not.

So, in a simple game form, participants are invited to recognize and analyze not only the aggressive and domineering tendencies in their behavior, but also to get closer to understanding their own individual psychological characteristics, internal contradictions of the personality, to discuss possible options for constructive behavior in such situations.

Questions for discussion (feedback):

What did you do to get in and out of the circle?

"What did you feel about it?"

“How did you feel about those who stood in the circle?”,

“Did you plan your interaction with the participants in advance or did you act spontaneously?”,

“Was the reaction of the circle members to your actions as you expected?”,

"Were you able to complete the task?" etc.

II. Stage - the main activity:

Target: self-knowledge of one's own "I" thanks to metaphorical material.

materials: drawing paper, paints, pencils, brushes, dough, audio player, calm music.

Time: 1.5-2 hours.

Conceptual introduction:

Dough - the most suitable and safest plastic material for work. The plasticity of the material allows you to make numerous changes to the work and, accordingly, how to improve your emotional well-being. Modeling gives an amazing opportunity to model the world and your idea of it. As a result of modeling from dough, a product (figure, picture) appears, which gives numerous possibilities in choosing further work techniques. This includes the staging of test performances, and the reconstruction of the image, and modeling.

Modeling can be both individual and collective, it can be used in the "adult-child" dyad, "adult-adult" can be used with drawing, and with various additional materials. The dough contributes to the desire for more free expression. What is special about modeling is that it is possible to combine signs, transfer the characteristics of one object to others, thereby working with unconscious content material. The dough can be colored, voluminous or flat figures (mandala), flat with the addition of waste material (test composition) can be made.

To make salt dough:

Mix 1 glass of flour and 1 glass of salt, then pour in 125 ml of water (the volume is approximate, because the amount of water may depend on the type of flour that you took for the test). Mix this mass again with a spoon, and then knead with your hands until a homogeneous consistency. Just don't overdo it! If the dough is too soft, knead it with a little more flour and salt mixture. Salty dough should be tight. Salt dough is recommended to be placed in the refrigerator for 2-3 hours, in a plastic bag. It can also be stored there for later use.

Procedure: participants are offered from salt dough. Each participant takes the required amount of dough to mold any images that arise in their minds and find a place for themselves on a common sheet of drawing paper. So from a cooled piece of dough, a figure agreed by all participants (a circle, a square, or any other) is fashioned by the leader or the participants themselves. Participants give the color to the test themselves. Main stages of work:

Free activity.

The process of creative work.

distancing.

Verbalization of feelings and emotions.

Words, symbols enliven vivid impressions and real sensations that can trigger the natural mechanisms of self-regulation. The emotional component certainly causes a response of the motor component, as well as a change in the course and nature of the thoughts of the participants. Therefore, creating an image from the dough, you can experience pleasure, which will be reflected in the result, and there will be changes in facial expressions, gestures, attitude towards yourself and others. It is especially useful in the mainstream of therapy to take positive themes. Working with expressive material and non-judgmental reaction allows you to express a wide range of emotions, which in itself is already healing.

Questions for discussion (feedback):

"How are you feeling?"

"How are you feeling now?"

"What kind of figurine did you get?"

"What would you call her?"

“What are your feelings about this figurine and the other members’ figurines?” and etc.

III. Stage - completion:

Target: removal of emotional and behavioral enslavement.

materials: musical accompaniment.

Time: 5-10 min.

Exercise "Candle of Trust" or "Bell"

Procedure: all participants stand in a circle shoulder to shoulder, arms bent at the elbows, put forward. The palms are raised up. One of the participants becomes in the center of the circle. Hands are lowered along the body, eyes are closed. He relaxes into the hands of those standing. The group picks it up and slowly, carefully passes it around. Each participant must visit the center. The exercise is followed by a discussion.

Questions for discussion (feedback):

"How are you feeling?",

Did you have any difficulties doing this exercise?

“Have your feelings changed during the exercise?”,

“Describe your feelings. What are they?"

“Compare and analyze your feelings and feelings before and after the training. What has changed?"

Conclusion

Quite often, after the completion of art therapy sessions, people are addicted to those types, techniques and methods of creative activity that they met in the classroom.

Each drawing is unique. It cannot be accurately reproduced in subsequent classes. Each new job- this is natural way a story about yourself, about your feelings and thoughts at the current moment of time, as well as about your experience and feelings that have not found verbal expression and have become an emotional burden for a person. Everything that worries, worries him, he can express on paper or on other material specially selected for this.

The whole process of creative activity is an important element of its development. In the classroom, such creative beginnings are opened up that children and adolescents had not previously suspected. The guys do not think about the final result, they enjoy the process itself, learn to express their feelings, cope with experiences, give an opportunity to release their accumulated energy, and also develop creative abilities. That is why art therapy is so effective when working with everyone. age categories.

List of sources:

1. Art therapy - new horizons / ed. A.I. Kopytina. – M.: Kogito-Centre, 2006.

2. Venger A.L. Psychological drawing tests. – M.: Vlados-press, 2006.

3. Dobryakov I., Nikolskaya I., Eidemiller E. Family diagnosis and family psychotherapy. - St. Petersburg: Speech, 2006.

4. Zinkevich-Evstigneeva T.D., Grabenko T.M. Workshop on creative therapy. - St. Petersburg: Speech, 2003.

5. Abby Kelish Art Therapy: An Unorthodox, Alternative or Complimentary Approach to Psychotherapy. Electronic version// http://www.arttherapy.ru/publication/content/25.htm

6. Kiseleva M.V. Art therapy in practical psychology and social work. - St. Petersburg: Speech, 2007. 8. Kopytin A. I. Art therapy. Electronic version // http://webcommunity.ru/941. htm

7. Using art therapy methods with preschool children

http://www.moi-detsad.ru/konsultac/konsultac2714.html

5. Kopytin A.I. Workshop on art therapy. S.Pb, "Peter", 2001.

In my workshops and courses, I talk a lot about the importance of art therapy by drawing.

Therefore, readers sometimes think that I am a psychologist.

However, it is not. I am not a psychologist. I am a painter.

And what I give in my materials differs from traditional art therapy.

Let's compare.

Art therapy by drawing: a psychologist's view

Art therapy(English - art, art, literally: treatment by art) - a direction in psychotherapy and psychocorrection that affects the psycho-emotional state of a person and is based on art and creativity.

The term ART THERAPY originated in 1938. It was introduced by the British artist Adrian Hill.

Being treated in a sanatorium, the artist noticed that painting helps recovery.

Hill then took up painting with other patients. It was a distraction from illness or injury.

It also helped to get rid of the negative emotions received in the war.Expressing anxiety on a piece of paper, they were healed.

It is no longer news to anyone that a number of diseases are “from the nerves”, i.e. psychosomatic nature.

If you remove fears, tension, anxiety, aggression, then such diseases will go away.

Art therapy will help to heal emotions!

Benefits of art therapy for a person:

In the process of art therapy, you can realize your own deepest fears and experiences. And having learned them, be healed of the disease.
According to the drawing that turned out in the course of art therapy, you can diagnose and correct your conditions.
It is possible to express, explore and process negative (resentment, anger, hatred) feelings and emotions in a socially acceptable way.
By exploring your inner world with the help of art therapy, it is possible to unleash your creative potential.
This method is useful for any age group - children, teenagers and adults.

Art therapy by drawing is based on the idea that when a person does not think about the artistic value of his actions in creativity, his “I” is reflected in the images he created.

To feel the effect of this miracle method, it is not necessary to be an artist and be able to draw.

Each spontaneous drawing:

conveys the state of mind of the author,
reveals inner feelings.

As an example, fractal drawing. In this method, the drawing is considered a continuation of a person, his projection. And this small part reflects the big, the whole - the person himself.

Workshop: fractal pattern

or method automatic, machine drawings…

Dragging a pencil or pen on paper in a state of thought, you immerse yourself in your own thoughts. Automatically tune in to the desired mood, calm down. And in this state, you penetrate deeper into the ongoing processes.

As a result, the method helps to tune in to the right moment of work or problem solving.

Unlike other artistic process, carefully planned and organized, drawing in art therapy is SPONTANEOUS.

As another example, the trick I use is "Flower carpet".

Workshop:

It helps me to harmonize emotions with the help of conscious lines in the drawing. Moreover, I noticed that it harmonizes the state of both mine and those around me, who follow the process with interest.

Thus, the psychologist uses the drawing for the purpose of diagnosis and treatment.

It does not matter to him HOW it is drawn, how it is done technically.

The drawing here is a tool. It is important WHAT happens in the course of drawing.

After a session of art therapy, you can destroy the drawing or, conversely, use it as a “crutch”, an amulet.

This drawing may look great and you will want to hang it on the wall, but it was not originally assigned this role.

It was self-exploration.

Art Therapy by Drawing: An Artist's Perspective

I look at the drawing, first of all, as creative manifestation of personality. And I pay attention to the visual side of what the students do.

Art- craftsmanship, the product of which gives aesthetic pleasure.

The criterion of a work of art is the ability to evoke a response and admiration from people. And mastery is more often achieved by labor, with the help of special knowledge and skills.

Healing and art therapy are SECONDARY here. They are inevitable, because drawing carries a positive charge and allows us to contact the subconscious.

But, I repeat, my task is to give everyone a chance to express themselves in CREATIVITY by providing a set of tools for this:

the ability to feel color, line and shape,
ability to work in the techniques of painting and drawing.

For me RESULT matters.

To show the work, hang it on the wall, give it as a gift. To be a work of art.
For example, in the course we study step by step the technique of drawing a portrait from different angles: full face, profile, three-quarters.

We learn to draw from imagination and from nature. We combine the technique of academic drawing of the head with the study of the emotional state.

Along with the inner work of accepting ourselves (our personality, female essence, age), we learn to draw harmoniously and correctly.

As a result, at the end of the course, my students are surprised to find that they got rid of not only the fear of drawing a portrait, but also the fear of old age, loneliness, learned to accept and love themselves.

"THE MIRROR OF ONE'S HEART"

A course designed specifically for women,

who want to learn how to drawportraits

Easy and Pleasure

Sometimes the form of what an artist and an art therapist do is similar.

And people get confused, mistaking the random result of drawing with an art therapist for creativity. Those who are overly self-confident even present it as an art. “I see it this way” is a good cover for incompetence and ignorance.

Or, conversely, some people tend to criticize their work because it doesn't look like great work. They are worried that they are not on a par with professional artists, and therefore, they block the opportunity to draw at least something in advance.

The main thing is to understand for yourself what goal you are pursuing? What result are you trying to achieve?

Then there will be no problems with understanding your place in the world of fine arts.

Do you want to draw for yourself?, knowing in advance that you will not be exhibited in museums - do not deny yourself this!

Let there be coloring pages, let there be dudling, zentangle, sketchbook drawings, let it be! If only to please! Don't expect anyone to appreciate these drawings, draw FOR FUN.

Want to express yourself through more serious paintings? Apply for the level of "art"? Learn the basics of fine art, improve, learn from the masters.

Both in the first and in the second case, drawing will change you from the inside. The magic of art therapy will happen. But if you want to make this process PURPOSE, then use special art therapy practices.

And remember, the choice is always yours. It is important that he be aware.

Images: pixabay.com; pinterest.com; bluprofondo.tumblr.com; art-psychology.ru

photo from the personal archive of Marina Trushnikova

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