Tongue massage for children with dysarthria. Probe speech therapy massage of the tongue is an aid in speech development for children. Rules for massage with tools

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Violation of the innervation of the muscles responsible for speech, which is observed in dysarthria, negatively affects the quality of the patient's pronunciation of sounds. To normalize the pronunciation function, the patient needs comprehensive medical care. It is based on taking medications, performing special exercises, stimulating the work of problem tissues. One of the methods of dealing with articulation disorders in dysarthria is speech therapy massage. It is aimed at restoring and improving the functionality of the lips, tongue, and soft palate. Its implementation allows you to completely eliminate the problem, or at least minimize its severity, and prevent underdevelopment of speech.

You can fight speech deviations with the help of massage.

Indications and contraindications for tongue massage

Depending on the location of the brain lesion, dysarthria can take on different forms, which affects the features of the clinical picture. In some cases, the patient has difficulty pronouncing sounds with oppositional phonemes, in others, the overall quality of speech decreases.

The speech therapist selects the appropriate method of working with the child in accordance with the specifics of the situation. Many types of exposure can be used at home, but first you need to get a doctor's opinion with clear instructions for physiotherapy.

The main indication for sessions against the background of dysarthria is the presence of signs of a decrease in the functionality of the muscular apparatus responsible for speech. With the right approach, the course of procedures will improve the articulation skills of the child, and will have a general beneficial effect on the child's body. The therapeutic effect is achieved by reducing strength and reducing the number of muscle spasms, normalizing fiber tone, and improving cerebral circulation. The patient becomes less excitable, sleeps better, as speech is restored, he gains self-confidence.

The effect of classes is achieved by improving the blood circulation of the brain.

Massage for dysarthria is contraindicated in the presence of an infection in the patient's body, in the acute course of any disease. In the presence of convulsions in the history of the child, the decision on the possibility of therapy is made by the attending physician. Blue nasolabial folds or anxious behavior of the baby require increased caution in work. In such a situation, the procedure should be carried out by a specialist, the wrong actions of the parents can provoke the development of complications.

Types of massage

With dysarthria in children, several massage options can be used: classic, acupressure, special. Each provides its own type of positive impact on the body, struggling with the manifestations of the disorder.

A suitable therapy regimen is selected by a speech therapist, taking into account the characteristics of the clinical picture, the type of speech and prosodic problems.

Facial massage

The classic version of the impact, necessary to restore the normal tone of the general mimic muscles. It indirectly contributes to the development of phonemic skills, relieves muscle tension, eliminates facial asymmetry, improves blood and lymph flow in tissues.

Massage can get rid of facial asymmetry.

Algorithm for performing facial massage for dysarthria:

• working out the forehead with two or three fingers in the direction from the center to the temples;
• wave-like stroking movement with four fingers from the eyebrows to the hairline;
• gentle stretching of the muscles from the lips to the temples, from the cheekbones to the chin;
• rubbing areas on the wings of the nose with smooth up and down movements;
• stroking the nasolabial fold to the corners of the mouth, wings of the nose;
• vibration warm-up of the lips with spreading the fingers to the sides;
• stroking the skin around the eyes clockwise and back without pressure and tension;
• rubbing of the chin and ears.

The approach is useful in all forms and degrees of severity of dysarthria. Massage should be performed with gloves, pre-warmed hands with short nails. Each action should be repeated at least 3-5 times. Gradually, the duration of the procedure can be increased, but without increasing the intensity of exposure.

Massage begins with massaging the frontal zone.

Tongue massage

The approach is effective in severe weakness of the muscles of the tongue, leading to a decrease in the functionality of the main speech organ. There are several techniques of this type of massage, each of which has its own characteristics and advantages. It is important to remember that techniques work as long as they are used in conjunction with other methods, it is not enough to use them alone.

Massage with a probe

Probe speech therapy massage is performed exclusively by a specialist who uses special tools during the manipulation. These devices allow you to have a direct stimulating effect on problem muscles.

The result is an increase in the muscle activity of the tongue, the normalization of its tone, and an improvement in the patient's psycho-emotional mood. The procedure is absolutely painless, and with a systematic approach, it can achieve a noticeable improvement in articulation.

There are a number of additional contraindications in performing probe massage for dysarthria. This list includes blood diseases, Quincke's edema, active form of tuberculosis, colds, flu, convulsive seizures. The procedure cannot be performed if the child is not yet 6 months old.

The result of massage with a probe is an increase in the muscle activity of the tongue.

Tongue massage with fingers

The approach consists of a number of techniques that can eliminate the hypertonicity of the articulatory and facial muscles. To carry it out, you need to prepare a handkerchief, a cloth napkin or fingertips for the thumb and forefinger. First you need to grab the tongue with two fingers and move it slightly, twist, pull to relax the muscles. Then the exercises themselves begin, which consist in squeezing the tip, middle part and root of the organ, turning it on the ribs, and sipping. Additionally, the lips are treated, on which you can tap with your fingers, slightly pull the skin.

Exercises should be changed and alternated, performing a couple of actions in one session, which are carried out twice a day for 10-20 minutes.

Toothbrush massage

A good option for home therapy for dysarthria. To massage with a toothbrush, a paper towel should be placed under the child's tongue to absorb saliva. When the child relaxes the tongue, you should begin processing the organ with careful circular, longitudinal, transverse, diagonal movements and point pressure. The tool should be soft, clean, slightly moistened. After the main stage, you can ask the baby to raise his tongue and gently massage the hole under it.

At home, it is good to use a toothbrush to massage the tongue.

massage tool

If necessary, in a pharmacy or medical institution, you can purchase special probes for massaging the tongue with dysarthria. This is a set of devices with working nozzles of various shapes that allow you to influence specific muscle groups. Doctors warn that in the absence of knowledge of anatomy, such tools will not increase the effectiveness of therapeutic massage. Only in the hands of an experienced doctor, they will give the desired result without any risks. For home procedures, it is better to limit yourself to a toothbrush with the softest possible bristles of the same length.

Massage technique for dysarthria

The effectiveness of speech therapy massage depends on the accuracy of movements, the correctness of the list of exercises, compliance with the technique of working with the affected organ. During the sessions, the doctor not only mechanically performs the necessary actions, but also monitors the change in the patient's voice and voice modulations, the change in his articulation.

For this reason, in difficult situations, it is better to entrust the massage to a professional. In extreme cases, you can seek help from a speech therapist who will conduct an individual lesson and explain how best to work with a child in a particular case.

Preparing for a massage

Before starting corrective measures, it is necessary to prepare the room, tools, auxiliary materials. The room must be ventilated, it should not be too hot or cold, excessive humidity should not be allowed.

This may be preliminary manual processing of tissues or the performance of special exercises. After that, you can begin to apply the basic techniques.

Correct body position during massage

Correction of speech disorders will give the maximum effect if the child takes a suitable position. For massage, the best position is lying on your back or sitting in a comfortable chair. The patient's head should be thrown back a little, for this a small pillow is placed under the neck. You need to make sure that a sufficient amount of light enters the working area, and that the muscles that will be worked out are completely relaxed. In order to avoid whims and crying, very young children are best placed on the lap of one of the parents.

Before the massage, you need to make sure that the muscles are relaxed.

When massaging the tongue from root to tip

The duration of the procedure is from 10 to 20 minutes, but the first manipulation should take no more than 1-6 minutes. The younger the child, the shorter the session will be. With dysarthria, a course of 15-20 approaches is shown, which are performed daily or every other day. The work of a speech therapist should be carried out without the active participation of the child in it, for which it must be prepared in advance.

Massage algorithm from root to tip:

• study of longitudinal muscles;
• pressure on the organ, starting from the root and moving towards the tip;
• the use of the probe "Ball" to stimulate the transverse fibers;
• chipping the edges of the tongue with the Needle probe;
• simultaneous study of several points at once in order to reduce the volume of saliva;
• kneading the tongue with fingers.

The following probes can participate in tongue massage: Ball, Needle.

When performing exercises during which discomfort or soreness is noted, increased caution should be exercised. If the child's mouth is filled with saliva, it must be removed with cotton swabs or gauze.

Applying several options for speech therapy massage to a child at once, you can significantly reduce the severity of dysarthria. The main thing is not to forget about the treatment of the underlying disease, which caused the speech disorder.

Description of the presentation on individual slides:

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Massage This is a method of treatment and prevention, which is a combination of methods of mechanical action on various parts of the surface of the human body.

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The purpose of speech therapy massage in the elimination of dysarthria Elimination of pathological symptoms in the peripheral part of the speech apparatus

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Tasks of speech therapy massage for dysarthria Normalization of muscle tone, overcoming hypo-hypertonicity in mimic and articulatory muscles; Elimination of pathological symptoms such as hyperkinesis, synkinesis, deviation, etc.; Stimulation of positive kinesthesia; Improving the quality of articulatory movements (accuracy, volume, switchability, etc.); Increasing the strength of muscle contractions; Activation of fine differentiated movements of the organs of articulation, necessary for the correction of sound pronunciation;

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Three sets of differentiated speech therapy massage A set of speech therapy massage exercises for rigid syndrome (high tone). A set of speech therapy massage exercises for spastic-atactico-hyperkinetic syndrome (against the background of high tone, hyperkinesis, dystonia, ataxia appear). A set of exercises for speech therapy massage for paretic syndrome (low tone).

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A set of speech therapy massage exercises for rigid syndrome Purpose: Providing a calming effect, bringing the muscles to a state of complete rest Recommendations: Movements should be very light; The speech therapist must respond to the child's convulsive reaction and immediately stop the massage movements that cause such a reaction; Before the massage, the child must be laid or seated in a comfortable position, taking into account the reflex of the prohibitive body position; Kneading and vibration techniques for rigid syndrome should not be used;

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Neck massage Exercise number 1 Purpose: relaxation of the muscles of the shoulder girdle. Description: stroking the neck from top to bottom. Guidelines. Stroking movements are carried out with two hands. It is necessary that the movements are light, relaxing the muscles as much as possible. Monitor the response in other muscle groups. Massage, movements are performed 6-8 times, 2-3 times a day

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Forehead massage Exercise number 2 Purpose: bringing the muscles of the forehead to a state of rest. Description: light stroking of the forehead from the temples to the center. Guidelines. Stroking movements are carried out with the index, middle and ring fingers of both hands. Movements are performed 6-8 times, 2-3 times a day

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Exercise number 3 Purpose: to ensure relaxation of the muscles of the forehead. Description: light stroke from the roots of the hair to the line of the eyebrows. Guidelines: Stroking movements are performed with the index, middle and ring fingers of both hands. Movements are performed 6-8 times, 2-3 times a day

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Cheek massage Exercise No. 4 Purpose: relaxation of the buccal muscle. Description: carry out a rotational stroking movement along the surface of the cheeks. To achieve a greater effect, the same movements can be performed from the inside of the cheeks. Guidelines. Massage movements are carried out with the index and middle fingers of both hands. From the inside of the cheeks, massage is carried out using the “Ball” probe, index finger, spatula. All movements are performed 6-8 times, 2-3 times a day. Rotational movements clockwise

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Exercise number 5 Purpose: relaxation of the muscles that raise the corner of the mouth. Description: light stroking of the cheeks from the earlobes to the wings of the nose. Guidelines: Massage movements are carried out with the index and middle fingers of both hands. Movements are repeated 7-10 times, 2-3 times a day

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Exercise number 6 Purpose: relaxation of the buccal muscle and muscles that raise the corner of the mouth. Description: Light rubbing from earlobes to nostrils. Guidelines: Rubbing movements are carried out with the index and middle fingers of both hands. The movements must be very careful, not causing tension in other muscle groups. Massage movements are carried out 3-4 times, 2-3 times a day

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Massage of the zygomatic muscle Exercise No. 7 Purpose: relaxation of the zygomatic muscles Description: light stroking from the earlobes to the middle of the chin. Guidelines: Stroking is carried out with the index and middle fingers of both hands. Movements should be very light, performed 6-8 times, 2-3 times a day

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Lip massage Exercise number 8 Purpose: relaxation of the lips and circular muscles of the mouth. Description: light stroking of the lips from the corners of the mouth to the center. Guidelines: Stroking is carried out with the index fingers of both hands. Movements are performed 6-10 times, 2-3 times a day

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Exercise number 9 Purpose: relaxation of the lips. Description: slight description of the lips from the corners of the mouth to the center. Guidelines: Rubbing movements are carried out with the index fingers of both hands. Rubbing movements should not be intense. Movements are performed 3-4 times, 1 time per day

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Exercise number 10 Purpose: maximum relaxation of the circular muscle of the mouth. Description: stroking the circular muscle of the mouth. Guidelines: Stroking movements are carried out with the index fingers of both hands. Movements are performed 6-8 times, 2-3 times a day

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Massage of the tongue Exercise number 11 Purpose: relaxation of the muscles of the tongue. Description: light stroking of the tongue from the tip of the tongue to its root. Guidelines: Stroking movements are carried out with the probe "Ball", index finger, spatula. Massage movements are performed 6-8 times 2-3 times a day

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Exercise number 12 Purpose: relaxation of the root of the tongue. Description: Light vibration with two fingers under the angles of the lower jaw. Guidelines: With the index fingers of both hands, perform rotational movements with pressure at points under the angles of the lower jaw for 3-4 seconds 2-3 times a day

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A set of speech therapy massage exercises for spastic-atactico-hyperkinetic syndrome Recommendations: Massage should be carried out very carefully, a speech therapist should monitor the response in other muscle groups; If the muscles are very tense, especially in the arms, you should stop the massage, because. relaxing facial massage will be ineffective. You must first relax your hands; Before the massage, the child must be laid or seated in a comfortable position, taking into account the reflex of the prohibitive body position;

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Neck massage Exercise number 1 Purpose: relaxation of the muscles of the neck and shoulder girdle. Description: stroking the neck from behind and from the sides from top to bottom in a circular motion. Methodical recommendations: Stroking movements are carried out with two hands. Movements are performed 6-10 times, 2-3 times a day. Massage movements should be very light

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Exercise number 2 Purpose: relaxation of the front of the neck (larynx) and the root of the tongue. Description: stroking movements of the larynx are made from top to bottom. Guidelines: Stroking movements are performed with the first phalanges of the fingers. Massage movements are carried out 6-10 times, 2-3 times a day

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Forehead massage Exercise number 3 Purpose: relaxation of the frontal muscles. Description: make a light intermittent stroking of the forehead from the temples to the center of the forehead. Methodical recommendations: Massage is performed with index, middle, ring fingers of both hands. Movements are carried out 6-10 times 2-3 times a day

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Exercise number 4 Purpose: relaxation of the frontal muscles. Description: a point vibration of the forehead muscles is performed from the temples to the center of the forehead. Guidelines: Vibration is carried out with the pads of the index fingers of both hands or a vibratory massager. Vibration should be carried out in a single fast rhythm. With the appearance of unpleasant sensations and rapid drowsiness, the massage is suspended or completely stopped. Movements are performed 3-4 times, 2-3 times a day

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Exercise number 5 Purpose: relaxation of the frontal muscles and mimic muscle tours. Description: the forehead is stroked from the scalp to the line of the eyebrows, through the eyes all over the face to the neck. Guidelines: Stroking movements are carried out with the inside of the palm. Movements are performed 8-10 times, 2-3 times a day. Stroking movements should be very light, soothing.

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Massage of the orbital area Exercise No. 6 Purpose: relaxation of the muscles around the eyes. Description: stroking the circular muscle of the eye. Guidelines: Stroking is carried out with the index, middle and ring fingers of both hands. Movements are performed 4-6 times, 2-3 times a day. Movements should be very careful, not causing discomfort or increased tone in other muscle groups.

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Cheek massage Exercise No. 7 Purpose: relaxation of the muscles that lift the corner of the mouth, the cheek muscle, the muscles that lift the upper lip. Description: rotational stroking movements are performed on the surface of the cheeks. Guidelines: Rotational stroking movements are carried out with the index, middle and ring fingers of both hands. Movements are performed 6-10 times, 2-3 times a day

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Acupressure of the cheeks Exercise No. 8 Purpose: relaxation of the muscles of the face and muscles of the soft palate. Description: massage is carried out simultaneously at the points YING-XIANG, XIA-GUAN, ER-MEN. Methodical recommendations: In the zone of the YING-XIANG point, massage is performed with the thumbs, in the zone of the XIA-GUAN point, massage is performed with the index fingers, in the zone of the ER-MEN point, massage is performed with the middle fingers. The soothing effect is achieved by smooth circular stroking of the points, with a gradual transition to stable rubbing of the points and then to continuous, without tearing off the finger, pressure, with varying force. Then the intensity of exposure decreases and stops. Rotations are carried out clockwise. The duration of acupressure depends on the child's reaction to exposure, but regardless of the reaction, the massage should not last more than 1 minute (for adults more than 3 minutes) and 1 time per day

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Massage of the zygomatic muscle Exercise No. 9 Purpose: relaxation of the zygomatic muscles and muscles that lower the lower lip and corner of the mouth. Description: slight pinching of the zygomatic muscles from the earlobes to the middle of the chin. Guidelines: Pinching is carried out with index, middle and ring fingers. Massage movements are performed 6-10 times, 2-3 times a day. Movement should be very light

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Exercise number 10 Purpose: relaxation of the zygomatic muscles and muscles that lower the lower lip and corner of the mouth. Description: point vibration of the zygomatic muscles from the earlobes to the middle of the chin. Guidelines: Point vibration is carried out with the pads of the index fingers or a vibratory massager. Vibration is carried out in a single fast rhythm. Movements are repeated 3-4 times, 1 time per day

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Lip massage Exercise No. 11 Purpose: relaxation of the circular muscle of the mouth, its peripheral and internal parts; muscles that raise the upper lip and corners of the mouth up, lower the lower lip and corners of the mouth down. Description: light stroking of the circular muscle of the mouth. Guidelines: Stroking movements are carried out with the pad of the index finger. The movements are carried out clockwise. Massage movements are performed 8-10 times, 2-3 times a day

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Exercise number 12 Purpose: relaxation of the muscles of the lips. Description: light stroking of the lips from the edges to the middle of the lips. Guidelines: Stroking movements are performed simultaneously with the pads of the index fingers of both hands. Movement should be barely perceptible. Movements are performed 8-10 times, 2-3 times a day

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Acupressure of mimic muscles with hyperkinesis Exercise No. 13 Purpose: removal of muscle anxiety in the speech muscles. Description: a cross massage is performed at a point that is in the middle of the left nasolabial fold and at a point that is at the angle of the lips on the right. Then the massage is performed at a point on the right nasolabial fold and at a point at the angle of the lips on the left. Guidelines: Massage movements are performed with the pads of the index fingers for no more than 10 seconds

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Exercise No. 14 Purpose: relieving muscle tension and suppressing hyperkinesis in the speech muscles. Description: massage is performed at a point at the angle of the lips on the left and at a point under the mastoid process behind the ear on the right. These exercises are carried out on the opposite side. Methodical recommendations: Massage movements are carried out with the pads of the index fingers

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Tongue massage Exercise No. 15 Purpose: relaxation of the longitudinal muscles of the tongue. Description: Light tapping of the tip of the tongue towards the root of the tongue. Methodical recommendations: Patting is carried out with the index finger, probe "Ball" or with a spatula. Movements are performed 8-10 times, 2-3 times a day

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Exercise number 16 Purpose: relaxation of the transverse muscles of the tongue. Description: light stroking of the tongue from side to side. Guidelines: Stroking movements are carried out with the help of the index finger, probe "Ball" or with a spatula. Movements are performed 8-10 times, 2-3 times a day

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Acupressure of the tongue with hyperkinesis Exercise No. 17 Purpose: suppression of hyperkinesis in the muscles of the tongue. Description: acupressure of the tongue is carried out, alternately at three points. Methodical recommendations: Massage movements are carried out with the help of the “Needle” probe (with a blunt end). Rotational movements are performed clockwise, no more than 3 seconds at one point

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Exercise number 18 Purpose: suppression of hyperkinesis in the muscles of the tongue. Description: acupressure is performed in the recesses under the tongue, at two points at the same time. Guidelines: Massage is carried out with the help of the index, middle palms or the Rake probe. Rotational movements are performed clockwise, no more than 6-10 seconds. Movement should not cause discomfort to the child

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Exercise number 19 Purpose: relaxation of the root of the tongue, suppression of hyperkinesis. Description: acupressure is performed in the area of ​​the submandibular fossa. Guidelines: Use your index finger to make light vibrating movements under the chin in the area of ​​the submandibular fossa for 4-5 seconds.

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A set of exercises for speech therapy massage in case of paretic syndrome Purpose: Muscle strengthening Recommendations: Movements are carried out intensively, with pressure; Rubbing, kneading, tingling are applied;

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Forehead massage Exercise number 1 Purpose: strengthening and stimulation of the frontal muscles. Description: stroking the forehead from the middle to the temples. Guidelines: Stroking is carried out with the index, middle and ring fingers of both hands. Massage movements are performed 6-8 times, 2-3 times a day

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Exercise number 2 Purpose: strengthening and stimulation of the frontal muscles. Description: kneading the forehead from the middle to the temples. Guidelines: Kneading is carried out by the second phalanges of the index, middle and ring fingers, clenched into a fist. Kneading movements are performed 6-8 times, 2 times a day

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Exercise number 3 Purpose: strengthening and stimulation of the frontal muscles. Description: rubbing the forehead from the middle to the temples. Guidelines: Rubbing is carried out with the first phalanges of the index, middle and ring fingers. When rubbing the skin of the forehead should stretch. Rubbing movements are performed 4-6 times, 2 times a day

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Exercise number 4 Purpose: strengthening and stimulation of the frontal muscles. Description: spiral movements from the middle of the forehead to the temples. Guidelines: Spiral movements are carried out with the pads of the index, middle and ring fingers of both hands 4-6 times, 1 time per day

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Exercise number 5 Purpose: strengthening and stimulation of the frontal muscles. Description: tapping of the forehead from the middle to the temples. Methodical recommendations: Tapping is carried out with fingertips of both hands. Tapping movements are performed 8-10 times, 2-3 times a day

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Exercise number 6 Purpose: strengthening and stimulation of the frontal muscles. Description: pinching of the forehead from the middle to the temples. Guidelines: Pinching is carried out with the index, middle and thumb fingers of both hands. Pinching movements are performed 4-6 times, 2 times a day

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Exercise number 7 Purpose: strengthening and stimulation of the frontal muscles. Description: rubbing the forehead from the eyebrows to the scalp. Guidelines: Rubbing is carried out with the index, middle and ring fingers of both hands. Rubbing movements are performed 4-6 times, 2 times a day

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Massage of the cheeks Exercise number 8 Purpose: strengthening the muscles of the cheeks. Description: stroking, rubbing, kneading the muscles of the cheeks. Methodical recommendations: Kneading and rubbing the cheeks is carried out with both hands in the direction from the nose to the cheeks for 6-8 seconds, 2 times a day

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Exercise number 9 Purpose: stimulation of the muscles that raise the corner of the mouth. Description, rotational stroking movements on the surface of the cheeks. Guidelines: Rotational stroking movements are carried out with the index, middle and ring fingers of both hands. Movements are performed counterclockwise, 8-10 times, 2-3 times a day

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Exercise number 10 Purpose: activation of the muscles that lift the lower jaw. Description: spiral rubbing of the chewing muscle from the temples to the corners of the jaw. Guidelines: Movements are carried out with the pads of the index, middle and ring fingers of both hands. Movements are performed in a spiral 8-10 times, 2-3 times a day

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Exercise number 11 Purpose: strengthening and activating the muscles that raise the corner of the mouth and upper lip. Description: Cheek pinching. Guidelines: Pinching movements (carried out with index, middle and thumb fingers of both hands. Pinching is performed in a circle 6-8 times, 2-3 times a day, counterclockwise

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Exercise number 12. Acupressure, option number 1. Purpose: activation and strengthening of the muscles that lift the upper lip and corner of the mouth. Activation and strengthening of the muscles of the face and muscles of the soft palate. Description: massage is performed simultaneously at the points YING-XIANG, XIA-GUAN, ER-MEN. Methodical recommendations: In the zone of the YING-XIANG point, massage is performed with the pad of the thumb, in the zone of the XIA-GUAN point - with the pad of the index finger, and in the zone of the ER-MEN point - with the pad of the middle finger. First, the points are stroked, then light pinching or light tapping of the points. Movements are performed counterclockwise. Feature: pinching should be done with force, according to the degree of patience of the child, stroking should be done with weakening force

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Exercise No. 13. Fine massage, option No. 2. Purpose: strengthening and activating the muscles that lift the upper lip, the corner of the mouth, the muscles that raise the corner of the mouth. Strengthening and activation of the zygomaticus major, buccal, mentalis and lower lip depressing muscles. Description: a segment is massaged along the arch of the lower jaw from the JIA-CHE point to the DI-CAN point. Further from the point DI-CAN to point A. Then the segment from point A to the point JIA-ChE is massaged. After this segment, the segment along the lower jaw is massaged from point 24J to the point JIA-ChE. Then a segment is massaged from the JIA-CHE point to the TING-HUI point. Guidelines: All massage movements are carried out with the pad of the index finger, by stroking. Approximately ten passages are carried out in all segments. Strokes are performed counterclockwise

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Exercise M 14. Acupressure, option number 3 Purpose: strengthening and stimulation of facial muscles. Description: alternate massage of points BAI-HU-HEY, YIN-JIAO, DUY-DUAN. Guidelines: When massaging these points, impulsive sharp pressures are produced, but at the same time superficial and short-term for 2-3 seconds, followed by separation of the finger from the point for 1-2 seconds. The methods of rotation, patting, pushing with a finger and vibration are also used. Massage is performed with the pad of the index finger. Rotational movements are carried out counterclockwise. The massage of one point should not exceed 4 seconds. The speech therapist chooses only one option for acupressure, which is most effective in each case.

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Massage of the zygomatic muscle Exercise No. 15 Purpose: strengthening the zygomatic muscle. Description: stroking the zygomatic muscle from the middle of the chin to the earlobes. Guidelines: Stroking movements are carried out with the index and middle fingers of both hands. Stroking movements are performed 8-10 times, 2-3 times a day

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Exercise number 16 Chain: strengthening the zygomatic muscle and the muscle that lowers the corner of the mouth. Description: rubbing the zygomatic muscle from the middle of the chin to the earlobes. Guidelines: Rubbing movements are carried out with the index and middle fingers of both hands. Rubbing movements are performed 4-6 times, 2 times a day

Introduction

Massage is a method of treatment and prevention, which is a combination of methods of mechanical action on various parts of the surface of the human body. Mechanical impact changes the state of the muscles, creates positive kinesthesia necessary for the normalization of the pronunciation side of speech.
In a complex system of corrective measures, speech therapy massage precedes articulation, breathing and voice gymnastics.
Massage in speech therapy practice is used to correct various disorders: dysarthria, rhinolalia, aphasia, stuttering, alalia. The correct selection of massage complexes contributes to the normalization of the muscle tone of the organs of articulation, improves their motor skills, which contributes to the correction of the pronunciation side of speech.
The theoretical justification for the need for speech therapy massage in complex correctional work is found in the works of O.V. Pravdina, K.A. Semenova, E.M. Mastyukova, M.B. Eidinova.
In recent years, publications have appeared on the description of speech therapy massage techniques, but so far the techniques are not being introduced into speech therapy practice. At the same time, the expediency of speech therapy massage is recognized by all specialists dealing with such severe speech disorders as dysarthria, rhinolalia, stuttering, etc.
Speech therapy massage techniques are differentiated depending on the pathological symptoms in the muscular system in speech disorders.
aim speech therapy massage in the elimination of dysarthria is the elimination of pathological symptoms in the peripheral part of the speech apparatus. Main tasks speech therapy massage in the correction of the pronunciation of speech in dysarthria is:
– normalization of muscle tone, overcoming hypohypertension in mimic and articulatory muscles;
- elimination of pathological symptoms such as hyperkinesis, synkinesis, deviation, etc.;
– stimulation of positive kinesthesia;
- improving the quality of articulatory movements (accuracy, volume, switchability, etc.);
- increase in the strength of muscle contractions;
- activation of fine differentiated movements of the organs of articulation, necessary for the correction of sound pronunciation.
This manual presents the author's position in relation to speech therapy massage. Speech therapy differentiated massage is considered by us as a structural part of an individual speech therapy session conducted with a child with dysarthria. Speech therapy massage precedes articulatory gymnastics.
The manual presents three complexes of differentiated speech therapy massage, each of which offers exercises aimed at overcoming pathological symptoms.
I. a set of exercises for speech therapy massage for rigid syndrome (high tone).
II. a set of exercises for speech therapy massage with spastic-atactico-hyperkinetic syndrome (against the background of high tone, hyperkinesis, dystonia, ataxia appear).
III. a set of exercises for speech therapy massage for paretic syndrome (low tone).
The structure of an individual lesson includes 3 blocks.
I block, preparatory.
? Normalization of muscle tone of the organs of articulation. For this purpose, differentiated speech therapy massage is carried out, which revitalizes kinesthesias and creates positive kinesthesias.
? Normalization of the motility of the organs of articulation and improvement of the qualities of the articulation movements themselves (accuracy, rhythm, amplitude, switchability, strength of muscle contraction, fine differentiated movements). To this end, we recommend performing articulatory gymnastics with a functional load. Such articulatory gymnastics, based on new, precise kinesthesia, will help improve articulatory motor skills by creating strong proprioceptive sensations. This takes into account the principle of reverse afferentation (feedback), developed by P.K. Anokhin.
? Normalization of voice and voice modulations, for this purpose voice gymnastics is recommended.
? Normalization of speech breathing. A strong, long, economical exhalation is formed. For this purpose, breathing exercises are performed.
? Normalization of prosody, i.e., intonation-expressive means and qualities of speech (tempo, timbre, intonation, voice modulation in height and strength, logical stress, pausing, speech breathing, etc.). To this end, preliminary in subgroup classes, they are introduced to the emotional and expressive means of speech and develop auditory attention. They learn to differentiate the intonation-expressive qualities of speech by ear. In individual lessons, they achieve reflected reproduction of the available emotional and expressive qualities of speech (tempo, voice modulation in height and strength, logical stress, intonation, etc.)
? Development of fine differentiated movements in the fingers. For this purpose, finger gymnastics is carried out. In the works of Bernstein N.A., Koltsova M.M. indicates a direct relationship and correlation between the motor functions of the hands and the qualities of the pronunciation side of speech, since the same areas of the brain innervate the muscles of the organs of articulation and the muscles of the fingers.

II block, main. It includes the following areas:
? Determination of the sequence of work on sounds (depends on the preparedness of certain articulation modes).
? Development and automation of the main articulation patterns for sounds that need clarification or correction.
? Development of phonemic hearing. Auditory differentiation of phonemes in need of correction.
? Staging sound in traditional ways in speech therapy.
? Automation of sound in syllables of different structures, in words of different syllabic structure and sound content, in sentences.
? Differentiation of delivered sounds with oppositional phonemes in syllables, words to prevent mixing of sounds in speech and dysgraphic errors at school age.
? Practicing words of complex sound-syllabic structure.
? Training of correct pronunciation skills in various speech situations with adequate prosodic design, using a variety of lexical and grammatical material.

III block, homework.
Includes material for consolidating knowledge, skills, acquired in individual lessons. In addition, tasks are planned from the psychological and pedagogical aspect of the correctional impact:
- the development of stereogenesis (i.e., the ability to touch without visual control to determine objects by shape, size, texture);
– development of constructive praxis;
– formation of spatial representations;
– formation of graphomotor skills, etc.
Taking into account such an organization and content of an individual speech therapy lesson in the conditions of a preschool educational institution for children with severe speech impairment (SNR) or speech centers at a preschool educational institution and secondary schools, we propose to allocate 3–5 minutes for speech therapy massage. Depending on the age of the children and the type of institution where speech therapy is carried out, the time allotted for an individual lesson also changes. So with infants and young children, the duration of individual lessons is 20 minutes.
With preschool children, an individual speech therapy lesson is held for 15 minutes.
With children of school age - 20 minutes.
With adolescents and adults, individual speech therapy sessions to correct the pronunciation of speech in dysarthria are carried out for 30–45 minutes. Taking into account the regulations of individual classes, we propose to conduct speech therapy massage not in cycles (sessions), as many authors suggest, but to start an individual lesson with a differentiated speech therapy massage. Separate methods of speech therapy massage (exercises) are selected taking into account the identified pathological symptoms. Adequate massage techniques create positive kinesthesias that will help improve articulation motility, as they will prepare the basis for better articulation movements: accuracy, rhythm, switchability, amplitude, subtle differentiated movements, and others. Thus, the goal of speech therapy massage, carried out at the beginning of an individual lesson before articulatory gymnastics, is to create and consolidate strong, positive kinesthesia, which create the prerequisites (according to the laws of feedback) for improving articulatory motility in children with dysarthria.
The manual consists of 3 chapters. Chapter I discusses the structure of the speech defect in erased dysarthria, describes the pathological symptoms that determine the violation of sound pronunciation and prosodic.
In the second chapter, in the historical aspect, speech therapy massage is considered as a therapeutic measure aimed at normalizing muscle tone. The techniques of speech therapy massage by I.Z. Zabludovsky, E.M. Mastyukova, I.I. Panchenko, E.F. Arkhipova, N.A. Belova, N.B. Petrova, E.D. Tykochinskaya, E.V. Novikova, I.V. Blyskina, V.A. Kovshikova, E.A. Dyakova, E.E. Shevtsova, G.V. Dedyukhina, T.A. Yanypina, L.D. Mighty, etc.
The manual provides the topography of points for acupressure. The purpose of the application of various massage techniques is described. Most of the authors mentioned above recommend courses, sessions of speech therapy massage. For example, N.V. Blyskina, V.A. Kovshikova recommend the duration of a complex session of 20 minutes: 5 minutes - relaxation, 10-15 minutes acupressure, segmental massage, 5 minutes differentiated articulatory gymnastics. There are 12 sessions per course. A speech therapy lesson on the formation of sounds should be held 20-30 minutes after the complex session. In the visual-practical guide Novikov E.V. offers 15-30 sessions of tongue massage with hands, and then massage of the cheekbones, cheeks, circular muscles of the mouth is connected. Then probe massage of the tongue, soft palate. The duration of one massage session is 30 minutes. Every 5 minutes the child is given a rest. Thus, the duration of the session reaches 60 minutes.
The documents regulating the work of speech therapists in preschool educational institutions for children with severe speech disorders, in speech therapy groups at preschool educational institutions, at speech therapy stations at preschool educational institutions and secondary schools, in the offices of children's clinics, etc., strictly stipulate the time of individual lessons in which the speech therapist must fit. According to the author of this manual, the system of speech therapy massage should be adapted to the conditions of practical work of speech therapists, and fit into the rules of an individual lesson, but not replace it. We tried to solve this problem in our manual.
Chapter III describes 3 massage complexes. Each massage technique (exercise) is illustrated with drawings and descriptions of its purpose, purpose, speech therapy recommendations. More than 60 exercises have been selected. The appendix contains summaries of individual speech therapy sessions, in which speech therapy differentiated massage is planned.
The book is addressed to speech therapists, students of defectological faculties, parents whose children need speech therapy massage.

Chapter I
The structure of the defect in erased dysarthria

Erased dysarthria is very common in speech therapy practice. The main complaints in erased dysarthria are slurred, inexpressive speech, poor diction, distortion, replacement of sounds in complex syllabic structures, etc.
Erased dysarthria is a speech pathology that manifests itself in disorders of the phonetic and prosodic components of the speech functional system and occurs as a result of an unexpressed microorganic lesion of the brain (Lopatina L.V.).
Studies of children in mass kindergartens have shown that in the older and preparatory groups for school, from 40 to 60% of children have deviations in speech development. Among the most common disorders: dyslalia, rhinophonia, phonetic-phonemic underdevelopment, erased dysarthria.
These studies of specialized groups for children with speech disorders showed that in groups for children with general underdevelopment of speech, up to 50% of children, in groups with phonetic-phonemic underdevelopment - 35% of children have erased dysarthria. Children with erased dysarthria need long-term, systematic individual speech therapy assistance. Speech therapists of specialized groups plan speech therapy work as follows: in frontal, subgroup classes with all children, they study program material aimed at overcoming the general underdevelopment of speech, and in individual classes they correct the pronunciation side of speech and prosodic, i.e., they eliminate the symptoms of erased dysarthria.
Issues of diagnosing erased dysarthria and methods of corrective work have not yet been studied enough.
In the works of G.G. Gutsman, O.V. Pravdina, L.V. Melekhova, O.A. Tokareva discussed the symptoms of dysarthric speech disorders, in which there is "washing out", "erased" articulation. The authors noted that erased dysarthria in its manifestations is very close to complicated dyslalia.
In the works of L.V. Lopatina, N.V. Serebryakova, E.Ya. Sizova, E.K. Makarova and E.F. Sobotovich raises issues of diagnosis, differentiation of education and speech therapy work in groups of preschoolers with erased dysarthria.
The issues of differential diagnosis of erased dysarthria, the organization of speech therapy assistance to these children remain relevant, given the prevalence of this defect.
Erased dysarthria is most often diagnosed after 5 years. All children whose symptoms corresponded to erased dysarthria are referred for a consultation with a neurologist to clarify or confirm the diagnosis and to prescribe adequate treatment, since with erased dysarthria, the method of corrective work should be comprehensive and include:
- medical impact;
– psychological and pedagogical assistance;
- speech therapy.
For the early detection of erased dysarthria, the correct organization of a complex effect, it is necessary to know the symptoms that characterize these disorders.
The study of the child begins with a conversation with the mother and a study of the outpatient map of the child's development. Analysis of anamnestic information shows that deviations in intrauterine development (toxicosis, hypertension, nephropathy, etc.) are often observed; asphyxia of newborns; rapid or prolonged labor. According to the mother, "the child did not cry right away, the child was brought to feed later than everyone else." In the first year of life, many were observed by a neurologist, medication and massage were prescribed. She was diagnosed with PEP (perinatal encephalopathy) at an early age.
The development of the child after one year, as a rule, was prosperous for everyone. The neurological examination of the child was discontinued. However, during an examination in a polyclinic, a speech therapist reveals the following symptoms in children aged 5–6 years.
General motor skills. Children with erased dysarthria are motor awkward, they have an organic range of active movements, their muscles quickly get tired during functional loads. They are unstable on one leg, cannot jump, walk along the "bridge", etc. They do not imitate well when imitating movements: how a soldier walks, how a bird flies, how bread is cut. Motor failure is especially noticeable in physical education classes and music classes, where children lag behind in tempo, rhythm of movements, and also when switching from one movement to another.
Fine motor skills of the hands. Children with erased dysarthria learn self-care skills late and with difficulty: they cannot fasten a button, untie a scarf, etc. In drawing classes, they do not hold a pencil well, their hands are tense. Many children do not like to draw. Particularly noticeable motor awkwardness of the hands in the classroom for applications and with plasticine. In the works on the application, there are also difficulties in the spatial arrangement of elements. Violation of fine differentiated hand movements is manifested when performing finger gymnastics tests. Children find it difficult or simply cannot, without assistance, perform an imitation movement, for example, a “lock” - put the hands together, interlacing fingers; “rings” - alternately connect the index, middle, ring and little fingers with the thumb and other exercises of finger gymnastics.
In origami classes, they experience great difficulties and cannot perform the simplest movements, since both spatial orientations and fine differentiated hand movements are required. According to mothers, many children were not interested in games with the designer until the age of 5-6, they did not know how to play with small toys, they did not collect puzzles.
School-age children in the 1st grade have difficulties in mastering graphic skills (some noted "mirror writing", replacing letters in writing, vowels, word endings, poor handwriting, slow writing, etc.).

Features of the articulatory apparatus

End of free trial.

The procedure is carried out with clean, warm hands so that the patient is comfortable. The massage therapist's nails must be neatly cleaned and cut short, no jewelry on the fingers or wrists is allowed.

First, to relax the muscles of the neck, the massage therapist turns the patient's head from side to side several times, then a facial massage is done for dysarthria more often to relax, sometimes to tone the facial muscles. Massage movements are repeated five or six times.

The patient lies, the masseur is behind. Stroking is performed in the following directions: from the eyebrows towards the hair; from the center of the forehead in an arc to the temples; above the eyes - from the inner corner along the arc to the outer, under the eyes - from the outer to the inner. In the area of ​​the cheeks, the arcs connecting the wings of the nose and the bone of the cheekbone are massaged, then directly on the cheeks in a circular motion. The muscles of the lips are massaged from the center above the upper lip to its corners, then in the same way - under the lower; from the corner of the mouth to the tragus of the ear. Massage, rubbing, chin; buccal muscle - from the zygomatic bone down (the bones of the clenched fingers). With facial asymmetry, the affected side is massaged more intensively.

Finger massage of the tongue with dysarthria is performed using a flap of natural tissue, gauze, fingertips (according to the sensitivity of the patient). During the procedure, it is convenient for the massage therapist to be on the right side of the patient. Preliminarily, at a leisurely pace, preparatory exercises are done that relax the muscles of the root of the tongue:

• the masseur clamps the tongue with his fingers (the large one is on top, the index and middle ones are on the bottom) and rotates it several times in one direction, then in the other direction;
• pulls the tongue towards itself, “winding” it around the index finger, then releases it, untwisting it.

Massage of the tongue begins with a hole under the chin - deep pressing with the middle finger, without lifting the finger. To relax the muscles - movements are performed at a calm pace, to activate the muscles - a more intense massage is used. The cheeks are massaged with circular rubbing movements, then they go directly to the tongue. It is “rubbed” with a wide bandage folded in half or a piece of cotton fabric. In this case, the thumb is placed on the top of the tongue, the next two - from the bottom. If the tongue muscles are tense, massage from the tip to the root, if relaxed - on the contrary, to relax the muscles - the tongue can be shaken.

Exercise "watch" - it is retracted by the tip from side to side, then it is compressed from both sides and carried out along the sides to the tip.

Exercise "arrow" - squeezing the tongue with fingers (thumb and forefinger), carry out, slightly stretching, with the index finger of the other hand from its root to tip.

Muscle grinding is performed:

• sublingual;
• lips - thumb inside, index outside;
• buccal - index in the mouth, large - outside.

Speech therapy massage for dysarthria is carried out using auxiliary devices called probes. They are made of metal and plastic, have a wide variety of shapes: ball, fungus, fork, antennae, hammer and others. Probe massage for dysarthria effectively develops the articulatory apparatus, normalizes muscle activity and tongue mobility, sound pronunciation becomes clearer and more understandable. Spatulas (metal, wooden), toothbrushes are also used as massage tools. With their help, massage is done from the tip of the tongue to its root and vice versa, for example, with a ball probe, activating or relaxing the longitudinal muscles of the tongue. Movements from the center of the tongue to its edges tone up the activity of the transverse tongue muscles, in the same direction, point pressure is applied. Relaxing movements, on the contrary, are soft and stroking. Probe, brush or spatula make circular and spiral movements.

Prick the tongue around the perimeter with a cirriform probe (about 10 seconds).

Having pinched the tongue, they perform rhythmic pats on the tongue with any device, moving inward from its tip. This is how the muscle activity of the vertical tongue muscles is normalized, and it is also massaged, simulating a slight vibration, using a toothbrush or spatula.

Perform strokes on the underside of the tongue in the direction from the depth to its tip with any suitable device, while stretching the tongue frenulum.

You can flatten your tongue with a small double-folded enema-syringe (most of it), holding on to the tip.

This massage is done daily or at daily intervals. This is an approximate list of exercises, others are possible. They are selected individually depending on the location of the affected muscles.

Relaxing massage for dysarthria is performed using mainly stroking and vibrating movements, and a relaxing effect on acupuncture points is also practiced. Massaging the patient usually begins with the collar area, moving to the shoulder area, followed by facial massage. The procedure ends with a tongue massage. The movements of the massage therapist should be slow and sliding. They are performed eight to ten times. In order to relax enslaved muscles at home, you can use the following technique:

• stroke the neck from the hairline towards the shoulders;
• with index, middle and ring fingers, stroke the forehead from the temples to the center, from the hair towards the eyebrows;
• stroke the cheeks with the tips of the same fingers;
• then strokes are performed from the temporal bone towards the wings of the nose (the movement is performed along an arc);
• rub the cheek muscles in a spiral from the auricles towards the wings of the nose;
• from the ears towards the chin, gently pressing, stroke the cheekbones;
• alternately stroke the upper, then the lower lip with their fingers, then knead them, moving from the corners of the mouth to its center;
• at the same time, with both hands, stroke the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe face from the wings of the nose towards the chin and in the opposite direction;
• tap the entire surface of the lips with your fingers.

After that, the tongue is massaged. Without speech therapy probes, at home, you can stroke your index finger from its tip towards the root.

Reduced activity of the articulatory muscles suggests more intense actions - stroking and rubbing, patting and kneading, pinching and vibrating. Each position is repeated eight to ten times. The first movements are light, then their intensity gradually increases. They are performed with pressure, but should not cause discomfort.

First, the main muscle groups are worked out, then the secondary ones:

• the forehead is stroked with the fingers (index and middle) of both hands simultaneously from the center towards the temples, kneaded with the knuckles of the same fingers, rubbed in the same direction, the study of this area ends with light tapping and pinching movements;
• the muscles of the cheeks are worked out by rubbing and kneading movements in the direction from the wings of the nose to the ears with the same two fingers, then they are massaged from left to right and in a spiral from the ears to the chin, ending with random pinching of the skin on the cheeks;
• rubbing with increasing activity in arcuate directions from the chin to the ears and from the corner of the lip to the outer corner of the eyes;
• the muscles of the lips are developed from the center to the corners of the mouth (each lip separately), they are first stroked, then pinched and the fold that runs from the nose to the lips is carefully massaged.

Massage with a toothbrush for dysarthria is performed with brushes of different sizes and stiffness. The tongue is massaged with both the bristles and the brush handle. The movements are the same as described above.

The development of speech and pronunciation are closely related to fine motor skills of the hands. Therefore, hand massage will be useful for a child from birth. At the earliest age (up to three months), after consulting with a neurologist and in the office of a “healthy child” in the clinic, you can start doing a light finger massage. It is done with warm, clean and baby-oiled hands. Light kneading, rubbing and stroking movements are performed for each finger.

From the fourth month, you can use a variety of objects and toys with protruding parts (cubes, needle balls, cones). Children roll them, feel them with their hands.

Children older than a year are recommended to pinch each finger in turn with the index and middle fingers of an adult and twist it gently; the child interlocks the same fingers on the left and right hand (two thumbs, two forefingers, and so on), and the adult disengages; you can help the child massage his fingers alternately by pressing on both sides of them, on his own.

In the speech therapy room, children knead their fingers as preparatory procedures. Start moving from the tip of the little finger. Rising to the base of the finger, it is carefully kneaded without missing a millimeter. Having finished kneading all the fingers, they press on the finger bulges and tap on them with the end of the nail. Then they stroke the palm in a spiral from the edge to the center and knead it in the same direction.

There are different methods of finger massage, including Tibetan acupressure, finger games. For the development of fine motor skills, it is useful to touch cereals, peas with handles, squeezing and unclenching fingers. Mix two different cereals and ask the child to arrange them by grade in two different plates.

Speech therapy massage with spoons for dysarthria is performed using four clean teaspoons without architectural frills. You can do it at home on your own, however, before starting classes, be sure to consult a doctor.

Spoon massage technique

1. With the convex part of the spoons - stroking the whiskey six to eight times in a clockwise direction; the eye sockets are stroked above the eyes from the inner corner to the outer, then under the eyes - vice versa; cheeks stroked in a circular motion; whiskey - spiral; then the same - between the eyebrows.
2. The side of the spoon massages the cheeks in the direction from the chin to the eyes.
3. The end of the spoon is used to rub the nasolabial triangle. They work out the upper lip, slightly pressing, then the lower one.
4. The convex part of the spoons massage the chin and cheekbones in a circular motion.

Each movement is repeated six to eight times.

Speech therapy massage should not cause pain. The duration of the session depends on many factors: age, severity of damage to the articulatory apparatus, individual sensitivity, and others. Initially, it lasts from two to six minutes, the number of exercises gradually increases and the procedure lengthens to 15-20 minutes. At an early age, a session duration of more than 10 minutes is not recommended, younger preschoolers should not be massaged for more than a quarter of an hour, children over five years old can extend the session to 25 minutes, teenagers and adults are given from 45 minutes to an hour.

If the child does not want to do massage, no violence is allowed, the procedure is carried out in a playful way, for the first time you can limit yourself to massage of the hands and face. It is recommended to distract the child with songs, poems, fairy tales.

An individual approach is developed for each patient of any age and a personal treatment plan is drawn up. The standard course consists of eight to ten sessions. It is repeated at intervals of three weeks. After the completion of the second course, a positive effect is already noticeable. For example, if the patient did not speak at all, then he begins to speak. Three months after the completion of the second stage of treatment, a third one can be prescribed if necessary.

Speech therapy massage alone cannot be dispensed with in severe degrees of dysarthria; it is used as part of a complex of therapeutic measures.

There are two types of dysarthria: increased or decreased muscle tone. The massage technique should be chosen based on the type of disease in the child.

Rules for tongue massage for dysarthria in children:

• Monitor the temperature in the room where the procedure will be performed. The temperature should be comfortable, no drafts;
• Wash your hands thoroughly with soap before the session. Treat with an antiseptic. Remove jewelry from fingers, trim nails. It is important not to damage the mucous membrane of the baby;
• Massage the tongue 3 hours after the baby has eaten. Brush your little patient's teeth, ask him to rinse his mouth. Get rid of crumbs, food debris in the mouth;
• Perform movements from the tip of the tongue, deepening into the oral cavity;
• Install a special spatula that limits the movement of the tongue towards the sky, otherwise the "patient" will begin a gag reflex, the procedure will become impossible;
• Ask the baby to relax the neck and jaw as much as possible. You can massage your shoulders, neck before starting the massage for greater relaxation and the child's trust in you;
• The tongue treatment procedure is carried out through a gauze or cloth napkin. Put the fingertip on your finger;
• Start massage sessions from 5 minutes, gradually increasing the time of the procedure. Massage courses for dysarthria last an average of 20 days, depending on the degree of the disease;
• For a greater effect of the procedure, the child can hold an infusion of herbs in his mouth;
• Place a roll or pillow under your child's neck.

facial massage

Put on a special mitten on your hands, having previously disinfected your hands with an antiseptic. The temperature in the room is comfortable, the windows are closed so that there is no draft. Lightly stroke the baby's face. In a circular motion, start massaging the baby's forehead. Move from the center of the forehead to the temporal zone, the movements are as gentle, light as possible, without unnecessary pressure, follow the comfort, relaxation of the child.

Facial massage is carried out from the center to the hair, chin, neck. Pay maximum attention to the cheeks, lips.

Gently stretch your lips with stroking movements. Stroke the cheeks from the center to the lips and to the ears. Stroke your ears. Repeat each movement 2 to 5 times. At the beginning of facial massage sessions, do each movement quickly, by the end of the course, increase the intensity and duration of the sessions. Watch a video of the implementation for dysarthria in children. Follow the instructions of the attending physician, prescribing treatment on their own or under the supervision of a specialist.

Tongue massage

To reduce the hypertonicity of the muscles of the tongue, carry out with dysarthria in children. This procedure is very important because it is difficult for children with dysarthria to keep the tongue out of the mouth.

• Start by tapping your finger over your upper lip from right to left, then vice versa. Tap the lower lip area in the same way;
• Descending from the nose to the upper lip, “slap” this part, then stroke this place with your fingertips;
• Put your index fingers on the corners of your lips, with the help of pressing movements, bring the corners of your lips into a tube, spread them back. Repeat 5 times;
• Push your upper lip towards your nose with the pad of your index finger;
• Place your index finger behind the baby's cheek, make circular motions moving along the cheek. Touch your fingers inside and outside each other's cheeks, creating light pressure;
• Raise and lower your tongue, "seal" it to the sky.

Probe massage

Before self-massage, purchase a special device to do probe massage for dysarthria in children. The device is called a probe. May be plastic or metal.

Choose after consulting with the attending speech therapist. Probe massage of the tongue is effective for dysarthria in children. Before buying, consultation with a specialist is required.

• Pass the ball probe along the tongue along the muscles 10 times;
• Take a plastic probe, pass over the massage points on the tongue, move from the root of the tongue to the tip. Repeat 6-8 times;
• Stroke the transverse muscles of the tongue from root to tip. Repeat 6-8 times;
• Feel the “dimples” with your finger or probe under the tongue, make point turns counterclockwise. Do not continue massaging points for more than 12 seconds. Repeat 3 times;
• With light pressing movements, stroke the tongue from the root to the tip. Repeat the procedure several times. Stroke the tongue on the sides, in the middle, on all sides;
• Perform a tongue massage with gauze, the above describes how to do this procedure correctly;
• Watch a video with the correct execution of stroking, rubbing, vibrations of the tongue of children.

Before starting massage therapy sessions for dysarthria, consult with a speech therapist who specializes in your problem. The benefit is achieved only with regular sessions, spend them 2-3 times a day, do not forget to take a break once a week. The rate of cure directly depends on the degree of neglect of the disease. In children with mild to moderate dysarthria, improvements in speech and pronunciation are noticed after a week of regular classes, massages, and treatment.

Prevent the disease in your child as much as possible from infancy. If even before the year you start having problems with swallowing milk, impaired facial expressions, impaired sucking reflex, increased salivation, contact a speech therapist.

• It is interesting:

From 3 months old, a baby is prescribed a facial and tongue massage. It should be performed with extreme caution under the supervision of the attending physician. Remember, excessive independence is harmful to the health of children. Be sure to take your children to specialists who are competent in health issues in various fields. Children's health is important for further harmonious, proper development. Dysarthria is curable in severe stages, but it is desirable to prevent their occurrence.