What is litigation. Querulantism is an irresistible litigious activity. The main signs and treatment of querulism. Treatment of sutyazhny syndrome

Querulantism is the human tendency to constantly argue, litigate, and defend one's interests by any means, even to the point of disregarding the rights of others. The name of the disease comes from Latin word“complain”, which reveals the very essence of this phenomenon. So what is querulism? Let's figure it out.

Description of the syndrome

People subjected to querulism tend to constantly complain about the infringement of their rights, social injustice, deceit from all sides, non-compliance with legal norms and laws. The meaning of life for such people is going to courts and human rights centers, many years of proceedings in order to achieve the only possible, in their opinion, justice. The search for "victims" for their attacks gives querullants visible and undisguised pleasure. The thirst to defend their rights in the hospital, in the store, at work or on the street is irresistible for such people. Healthy people call it all a hard case.

Quite often, querullants can become quick-tempered and even aggressive, they have a very high psycho-emotional background, they are characterized by cruelty and perseverance in achieving their goals. A querulant can be cunning and treacherous, disregarding the concepts of morality, kindness, and humanity. Litigation can be either a separate pathology or just a symptom of a more serious mental disorder of the brain.

Psychopathic personalities are most susceptible to this disease.

Definition and signs of litigation

Already in the 19th century, they began to study such a phenomenon as a querulant reaction. K. T. Jaspers, a psychiatrist from Germany, put given state on the border between psychopathic fanaticism and delusions, calling querulism a psychosis of passion. Later, persistent complaints received another name - litigation. AT modern world sutyazhny syndrome is practically not studied. This is due to the widely developed recent times the tendency to uphold the rights imposed by the West, in particular the United States. The line between the norm in this matter and the pathology has blurred, and it is quite difficult to define querulism.

Querulantism is a syndrome that arises and develops following scheme. A person is captivated by the idea of ​​an injustice done to him. Sometimes this is due to a real court decision not in favor of the querulant. This becomes the starting point and the emergence of a protest against the infringement of his rights.

This is followed by lengthy bureaucratic activity in various instances, endless complaints, lawsuits, appeals, etc. Cases of decisions not in favor of the litigator are perceived by the latter as a biased attitude, and everything starts all over again. Such a person is not able to soberly assess the situation, the interests of others fade into the background. The purpose of life is to prove one's innocence.

Querulantism is a syndrome that occurs in both sexes and peaks between the ages of 40 and 70. Especially strongly and often querulism manifests itself in times of severe social and political crises. Unemployment, low pensions, infringement of rights and freedoms - all this is a trigger for litigants.

There are two hypotheses for the development of querulism.

Genetics

Querulantism is considered as a hereditary pathology that manifests itself in the presence of certain psychogenic factors. The risk of developing a litigious syndrome is especially high in stuck individuals. The most susceptible to the development of the syndrome are people with an increased emotional background, touchy, susceptible to any criticism.

Sign of a mental disorder

This is a more severe case. As mentioned above, querulism can only be one of the symptoms of another disease, schizophrenia or paranoia. AT this case litigants are seen as Litigating delusions can cause aggression. In psychiatry, there have been cases when litigants staged riots and even went to murder. Querullants are characterized by the absence of hallucinations, but false memories, which become the basis of litigious delusions, are not excluded. The aggravation of the situation occurs during periods of exacerbations and depends on their duration. Formally, the behavior of querullants is correct, but often too aggressive and inappropriate.

Symptoms

The main symptoms of querulism are:

1. Resentment and high emotionality.
2. Endless criticism of the political situation, health care, work.
3. Persecution mania.
4. Paranoia.
5. Tight nonsense.
6. Aggression towards others.
7. Disregard for the rights and interests of others.
8. Egoism and egocentrism.
9. Negativism.
10. Exaggeration of the scale of their own problems.
11. demonstrative behavior.
12. Confidence in your own worth.
13. Denial of an existing illness.

Many people are interested in what querulism is and how it is treated. With the first part of the question sorted out, it's time to move on to the second.

The need for hospitalization

In some cases, it is urgently necessary to place the litigant in a psychiatric clinic. It leads to backlash patient, causing in some cases a state of affect. Therapy is usually prolonged and without a guarantee of a complete cure.

Querullants are often quick-tempered and suspicious, selfish and prefer not to pay attention to the interests of others. Their behavior is demonstrative and aggressive, and quite often it is only veiled under the defense of their rights. The complaints of such people usually have a threatening connotation (this can be a threat of dismissal, payment of compensation for moral damage, and even physical violence). Most often, the threats are exclusively verbal, but there have been cases of illegal acts.

Only own interests

If we consider querulism as a syndrome of litigation, then people suffering from this disease tend to defend only their own rights and freedoms, and not society as a whole. They do not listen to the opinions of others and fight their fictional enemies alone.

Litigators are very persistent in their aspirations, they have been litigating for many years. As a rule, the decision rendered by the court does not satisfy them, and the proceedings continue. Their own imaginary inferiority gives querullants a hidden pleasure, they love to be pitied. Lost cases spur litigants to commit new "feats". The Guinness Book of Records recorded a case when a resident of the United States filed about three thousand lawsuits in seven years.

Treatment

Querulantism in psychiatry is considered a fairly common ailment. Two approaches are used in the treatment of sutyazhny syndrome:

1. Drug treatment, involving the use of neuroleptics and tranquilizers.
2. Psychotherapy, which includes psychoanalysis, cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy and psychodynamic approach.

What can play a positive role?

Only patience and high qualifications of a specialist can play a positive role in the treatment of querulism by the psychoanalytic method. Litigious personalities skillfully spread their negativism to others. Often they accuse the psychotherapist of incompetence, especially during the theoretical analysis and search for the causes of the disease.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy focuses on addressing conflict situations. The specialist helps the querulant to understand the underlying cause of the pathology, remove obsessions, explain suspiciousness on the topic of infringement of interests and rights.

How long does an exacerbation last?

The stage of exacerbation can last up to several years, followed by the onset of remission. However, a new round of the disease can begin against the background of psychosocial changes. Unfortunately, sometimes the treatment of sutyazhny syndrome can give and exacerbate the situation.

Relationships with querulants are quite complex and ambiguous. If a this pathology has developed in a family member, it is urgent to consult a specialist and start treatment. The problem in this case is that forcibly placed in medical institution impossible if a person does not pose a danger to others and himself. And the querulant will not give his consent to hospitalization due to the lack of criticism regarding his condition.

We have looked at the meaning of the word "querulantism". We hope you never have to meet such people in your life.

). Occupation, behavior of a litigator, addiction to litigation.

Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov. D.N. Ushakov. 1935-1940.

See what is "CLUTTERING" in other dictionaries:

Klyauza, querulants Dictionary of Russian synonyms. litigation slander (neb.) Dictionary of synonyms of the Russian language. Practical guide. M.: Russian language. Z. E. Alexandrova. 2011 ... Synonym dictionary

CONTRIBUTE, ayu, aesh; nesov. (colloquial disapproved). Engage in litigation, having a taste, inclination, interest for this. Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova. 1949 1992 ... Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov

See Yabed ... encyclopedic Dictionary F. Brockhaus and I.A. Efron

Wed 1. The activity of the litigator. 2. Addiction to litigation. Explanatory Dictionary of Ephraim. T. F. Efremova. 2000... Modern explanatory dictionary of the Russian language Efremova

Litigation, litigation, litigation, litigation, litigation, litigation, litigation, litigation, litigation, litigation, litigation, litigation (Source: “Full Accentuated Paradigm According to A.A.… … Word Forms

litigation- days of swearing, and ... Russian spelling dictionary

litigation- (2 s) ... Spelling Dictionary of the Russian Language

encyclopedic Dictionary

Litigation- a constant, painful, not reaching the degree of delusional behavior struggle against small, often imaginary grievances ... Encyclopedic Dictionary of Psychology and Pedagogy

litigation- a; cf. Litigation, addiction to litigation. Engage in litigation… Dictionary of many expressions

Books

• The investigation established..., Yuri Tikhonov. Yu. S. Tikhonov, First Deputy Prosecutor of the Ryazan Region, Ph.D. in Law, Honored Lawyer of the RSFSR, who has devoted more than twenty years to prosecutorial and investigative activities, in ...
• Palace Secrets, Yuna-Marie Parker. The uninitiated are desperately trying to break in" elite", in this closed little world that is considered an earthly paradise. But gossip reporter Jackie Daventry has long shed illusions. Who ...

Delusions of jealousy(delusions of infidelity, Othello syndrome, syndrome of the third superfluous, delusions of adultery) - the patient's belief that his (her) sexual partner (wife, husband, lover, lover) intends to violate, violated, continues to violate the oath or commitment of fidelity or will certainly do so in the future. Due to the fact that jealousy is quite widespread (up to 80% of respondents in some countries of the world consider themselves jealous, many of them evaluate jealousy as a positive quality of their personality), there are certain difficulties in identifying the actual delusion of jealousy, especially if there are overvalued ideas of jealousy . It is all the more difficult to do this because the object of delirium of jealousy, due to different reasons in fact, it can violate its fidelity to a sick partner. Signs that characterize the delirium of jealousy are:

• the patient's evidence base is always dubious, and often absurd, while he himself is absolutely sure that he is right;
• the logic of the patient's reasoning reveals clear violations of thinking, since he takes into account minor facts, without noticing the main thing; For example, the patient gives importance that his wife came home from work five minutes later than usual, but at the same time overlooks much more real opportunity infidelity at a time when his wife was forced by his jealousy to live with her parents;
• inappropriate behavior of the patient, actually aimed at breaking the relationship of affection and love; this behavior is often just ridiculous;
• special, sometimes sophisticated cruelty of the patient in relation to the object of jealousy;
• fixing attention exclusively on sexual relations and ignoring the moral side of the matter.
• delusions of jealousy are often complicated by other types of delusions, more often delusional ideas of persecution. Therefore, E. Bleiler considers it an erotic form of delusions of persecution.

Several illustrations. The patient, out of a sense of revenge for his unfaithful wife, stuck needles into all the tomatoes, and there were several buckets of them. He hoped that his wife would not notice this and would die by swallowing the needle and damaging it. internal organs. Another patient constantly watches over his wife and watches over her lovers at night, always carrying a knife and an ax with him. He tightly hammered all the window frames, pasted a film on the windows, ran bare wires under the windows, turned on the current. He believes that his wife is cheating on him under someone's influence. The real persecutors, he thinks, thus make him suffer and provoke him to crime. Aggression in such cases of complicated delusions of jealousy is directed mainly at the alleged persecutors.

With the usual delirium of jealousy, it is most often focused on the object of jealousy. The patient, out of jealousy for her husband, tried several times to cut off his penis while he was sleeping. The frightened husband, having learned about this, decided that “things had gone too far,” so he was forced to leave his home and live with his parents. Another patient, out of jealousy for his wife, poured gasoline on her and his two children, aged 9 and 1.5 years (“the children are not mine” - he was sure of this), and then set them on fire. Younger son received a burn of 80% of the surface of the body, the eldest son had a burnt face, his wife had a charred surface of the shins and thighs. Previously, the patient for a number of years, demanding from his wife a confession of infidelity, "tortured" her. For example, he inserted a boiler into the vagina and turned on the current - “warmed up”. In the latter case, the delusions of jealousy are combined with the delusions of other people's children and clearly sadistic inclinations. Delusions of jealousy are 2-3 times more likely to occur in men, especially those who abuse alcohol.

Delusions of litigation(nonsense of claim or revendication, litigious insanity, delusions of querullants (from Latin querulus - constantly complaining)) - the belief of patients that they have some fictitious rights and privileges that are deliberately violated by certain people from their environment. Sooner or later, a real struggle “for justice” begins, in which patients initiate numerous and endless litigation (litigation - engaging in litigation, addiction to litigation), and also write countless complaints to various authorities.

M.A. Sholokhov in an ironic manner describes in The Quiet Don an elderly Cossack, from his youth so busy with litigation that he simply did not have time for other things. His horse was so used to going to court that as soon as this quarrel got into the cart, she herself went there, and then delivered him back, sometimes drunk to the point of insensibility. Here are some illustrations. The patient is dissatisfied with the fact that, in violation of the instructions, she was examined by a psychiatrist and sent for examination to a psychiatric clinic with a diagnosis of "hypochondriac delirium, it is possible endogenous disease". Before that, she was “incorrectly” operated on and prescribed “the wrong treatment”, which caused “damage to her health and caused moral damage”. Being a disabled person of the 2nd group according to somatic pathology, she nevertheless developed an enviable and for a healthy person activity in the struggle for her trampled rights. For 10 years, she continuously sued physical and legal entities, sometimes being the plaintiff at the same time in four trials ongoing in different cities. Its main goal was to get a solid monetary compensation for the harm caused to her health by “unscrupulous doctors”.

She intended to spend the money on another operation by a famous surgeon in Kazakhstan. For many years she experienced various senestopathic sensations mainly in the abdomen (“burns, pulls, overflows, squishes, stretches, pricks from the back”, and many others), assumed, and at times was sure that she had cancer. The actions of the doctors were, she believed, violated her rights as a sick person in need of timely and qualified treatment. medical care. In this case, litigation is like side symptom other mental disorder. The next patient literally “filled up” various official structures with complaints for allegedly unlawful dismissal of him from work. In just one month, he wrote and sent 152 voluminous complaints to supervisory authorities including the Attorney General. He was fired from his job for yet another absenteeism.

Litigation is relatively rarely a manifestation of the actual delusion of the claim, more often it indicates psychopathy or litigious paranoid personality development. However, there may be difficulties in identifying the legal assessment and the latest forms of pathology, due to the fact that the opposing side, drawn into the conflict and completely hardened, in the heat of the struggle really violates the true rights of the patient. In some cases, overactive litigation is associated with, and it may also be that the patient for some time completely unselfishly stands up for the imaginary interests of other people.

It came from the word "litigation" - litigation (judicial), long in time trial.

Over time, there was a shift in the meaning of the word towards "slander".

In general, this is a tendency to initiate lawsuits on various occasions. This form of behavior exists in healthy people. That is, this specific feature is not a sign of illness. However, sometimes this happens: a person has suffered serious injury heads and suddenly starts scribbling complaints to the courts and other administrative bodies. If this behavior goes beyond acceptable limits, you need to be treated. And it's from a head injury. Litigation can also be a manifestation of a sluggish schizophrenic process. Sometimes it turns into nonsense. Then the whole life of a person is subordinated to the idea of ​​condemning everyone around.

Litigation is constant lawsuits. Long, sometimes useless proceedings. But there is a type of people whom you don’t feed with bread, let them scribble a lawsuit or complaint. They look for any reason to start litigation.

Litigation is a character trait of a person who believes too much in justice. A litigator is a person who starts a lawsuit because of every little thing, for example, demands a payment for moral damage if he saw a fly on his plate when he ate in a restaurant. Well, or just for any reason, he runs to make trouble, to deal with everyone who creates discomfort for him, for example, with neighbors.

Litigation is such a property of a person when, for any reason and without reason, he files a lawsuit against his offender in court. This can be both a property of a healthy person, and a person with psychological disorders.

Litigation is a fanatical addiction to litigation, that is, to participating in lawsuits, usually as a plaintiff. In psychiatry, litigation is often seen as a manifestation of psychopathy.

In Ozhegov: Engage in litigation, having a penchant for this. In general, the epithet is not very flattering.

Who is the stalker

Synonyms for the word "litter"

Morphology:

SUTYAZHNIK, -a, m. [Panikadilov:] Mother, you will answer for such words... [Taisia:] I will answer, I will answer, sue. - Sutyazhnik! Neverov, Laughter and grief.

Source (printed version): Dictionary of the Russian language: In 4 volumes / RAS, Institute of Linguistics. research; Ed. A. P. Evgenieva. - 4th ed., erased. - M.: Rus. lang.; Polygraphic resources, 1999; ( electronic version): Fundamental electronic library

SUTYA'ZHNIK, a, m.(colloquial). One who litigates is a lover of litigation.

Source: "Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language" edited by D. N. Ushakov (); (electronic version): Fundamental Electronic Library

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Synonyms for the word "litter":

Sentences with the word "strider":

• We would now have not a country of bandits, but a country of litigants. 10 years lost.
• I floundered in the theatrical routine, struggled with insidious litigants, frightened impudent mediocrity.
• A demagogue, a litigator, a complainer, a hysteric, a whiner, an accuser, and you never know who else from the cohort of the speaking brethren, for whom this has become a way to earn certain material benefits for themselves (the mouth, after all, does not feed on the spirit alone).
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SUTYAZHNIK

Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov. D.N. Ushakov. .

See what "SUTYAZHNIK" is in other dictionaries:

quarrel - quarrel (colloquial); slander (neb.) Dictionary of synonyms of the Russian language. Practical guide. M.: Russian language. Z. E. Alexandrova. 2011. sutyazhnik n., number of synonyms: 2 ... Dictionary of synonyms

SUTYAZHNIK - SUTYAZHNIK, a, husband. (colloquial neod.). A person who is engaged in litigation. | female litigator, s. | adj. litigious, oh, oh. Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova. ... Explanatory Dictionary of Ozhegov

Litigator - m. The one who is engaged in litigation. Explanatory Dictionary of Ephraim. T. F. Efremova. 2000 ... Modern explanatory dictionary of the Russian language Efremova

litigator - litigator, litigator, litigator, litigator, litigator, litigator, litigator, litigator, litigator, litigator, litigator, litigator (Source: “Full accentuated paradigm according to A. A. Zaliznyak”) ... Forms of words

litigator - Iskon. Dr. Russian suf. derived from the litigation "litigating", formed with the prefix su from the strand "leading a lawsuit", suf. formations (suf. j; gj w) from thrust (through "yus" small). See pull ... Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language

sutyazhnik - sutyazhnik, and ... Russian spelling dictionary

sutyazhnik - (2 m); pl. essence / zhniki, R. essence / zhnikov ... Spelling Dictionary of the Russian Language

litigator - a, h. The one who litigates, love litigious ... Ukrainian tlumach dictionary

litigator - a; m. One who litigates, a lover of litigation. Turn into a stalker. ◁ Litigator, s; and. Experienced s. Litigious (see) ... Encyclopedic Dictionary

litigator - a; m. see also. litigious, litigious One who litigates, lover of litigious. Turn into a litigator ... Dictionary of many expressions

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Litigation: how this syndrome is manifested and treated

Litigation is a person's tendency to constant disputes, litigation and defending their interests at any cost, even by "passing over their heads." Also, this syndrome is called querulism, this definition came from the Latin meaning of the word - to complain.

People who are prone to litigation all the time complain to others that their rights are grossly violated, there are only deceivers around who dream of trampling on their interests, but there is no justice in the world. Querullants are ready to spend days and nights in search of justice, they go to the courts as if to work, and they get tremendous pleasure from the process of finding the perpetrators of all their troubles. Quite often, querullants possess such character traits as cruelty, aggression, perseverance, and sometimes treachery. To achieve their goal, such people completely abandon moral principles, forgetting about the concepts of conscience, nobility, kindness. In search of protection for their infringed rights and freedoms, litigants are even in the store, in the hospital, at work, trying to prove their case.

Then an endless bureaucratic red tape begins with a bunch of complaints to higher authorities, appeals, initiation of new cases. Refusals in the consideration of cases and failures are considered by the litigator as a biased attitude towards him, which causes more and more outbursts of anger. A person loses the ability to soberly separate the boundaries between his own and other people's rights, the goal of proving his case, regardless of the interests of others, comes to the fore.

The ideas associated with success in a court case become dominant and invaluable. This is how it develops full picture syndrome called litigious delusions.

Development hypotheses

The most susceptible to the development of litigious delirium are people aged 40 to 70 years. The main reason can be called psychogenic factors that affect the psyche. This is a small pension, the financial crisis, which is acutely experienced in the country, unemployment, the infringement of human rights. All of these factors can lead to the development of querulant syndrome.

On the this moment There are two hypotheses for its origin:

• genetic;
• mental disorder.

The genetic hypothesis considers the origin of litigious states due to an innate predisposition. Any of the listed psychogenic factors (loss of a job, inability to live on a small salary, etc.) can become a trigger mechanism.

More susceptible to the syndrome are susceptible people with increased emotionality, resentment, a tendency to perceive any criticism as an attempt to encroach on their personal space and privacy. Starting to actively defend against false infringements of rights, a person can reach the state of litigious delirium, becoming obsessed with the idea of ​​defending his opinion and allegedly violated dignity.

The second hypothesis considers querulans as a group of mentally ill people and psychopathic personalities. Querulant psychopathy is characterized by the presence of the following characteristics:

• delusions involve not only what is directly related to judicial or other proceedings, but also various factors, even remotely related to this;
• there are no hallucinations, but a state of false memories arises, on which the ideas of litigious delusions are based;
• the spheres of intellect and emotions do not immediately undergo major changes, aggravation occurs in the course of the development of the disorder and depends on the frequency and duration of periods of exacerbation;
• the behavior is formally correct, but within the framework of the syndrome it is inappropriate and sometimes overly aggressive.

Querulantism as a sign of schizophrenia is already considered when a person with a querulant mental disorder begins to organize riots, which leads to a large number victims. Wanting to draw the attention of society, authoritative people and institutions, people commit socially dangerous acts that lead to disastrous results.

The placement of such a litigious patient with a tendency to schizophrenia in a psychiatric hospital may be a necessity. Usually, this step causes an adverse reaction in the patient, causing an affective reaction. Treatment is long and not always with a guarantee of a favorable outcome.

At the moment, psychiatrists do not generalize the concepts of schizophrenia and querulism. Schizophrenia is considered as a secondary psychogenic illness in people with a predisposition to litigious-querulant tendencies.

Treatment

Therapy of patients with lingering delusional syndrome includes two main points:

1. Medical therapy. Provides for the appointment of tranquilizers and neuroleptics.
2. Psychotherapy. It implies methods of psychoanalysis, psychodynamic approach, cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy.

The psychotherapeutic method of treatment provides the doctor with not only high professional qualifications, but also maximum patience, because litigants can actively project their aggression and negativism onto the people around them. This is especially true of the moment when the doctor begins to find out the cause of the syndrome through psychoanalytic theory.

Cognitive behavioral therapy is designed to understand the cause of the syndrome and explain to a patient who is not aware of his illness that he is experiencing an imaginary infringement of his rights. It also eliminates intrusive thoughts causing lingering delusions.

Treatment of the sutyazhny syndrome is long and does not always provide for recovery. A querulant can be in a stable state of remission for many years, and then return to initial signs syndrome, under the influence of provoking psychogenic factors.

Of course, only an experienced psychotherapist should work with such patients. Treatment at home can be not only ineffective, but also dangerous.

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SUTYAZHNIK

One who litigates is a lover of litigation.

Mother, you will answer for such words ... I will answer, I will answer, sue. - Sutyazhnik! Neverov, Laughter and grief.

What is SUTYAZHNIK, SUTYAZHNIK is, the meaning of the word SUTYAZHNIK, origin (etymology) SUTYAZHNIK, synonyms for SUTYAZHNIK, paradigm (word forms) SUTYAZHNIK in other dictionaries

litigator

One who engages in litigation (2).

litigator

SUTYAZHNIK, -a, m. (colloquial disapproval). A person who engages in litigation.

litigator

SUTYAZHNIK, litigator, male. (colloquial). One who litigates is a lover of litigation.

litigator

litigator

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Litigation. How to build a relationship with a querulant?

Do you know people who constantly complain about unfair treatment, do their best to defend their rights, running through the courts and other legal instances? The actions of such people sometimes reach the point of absurdity, and the efforts spent on the fight for justice are incomparable with the size of the real problem. In psychiatry, this kind of behavior falls under the concept of a litigious syndrome or litigation. In literature and cinema there are enough examples of such mental disorders. How to distinguish a sane person who defends his rights from a complainant with psychopathology?

Who is a slut?

In the modern world, an integral part of which is the struggle for observance of civil rights and freedoms, zealous defense of one's position in court is far from always a deviation of the psyche. A true quarrel and slanderer with a mental or personality disorder not only fights for his rights, but sees in this the meaning of his life. Moreover, he simply does not care about the interests and rights of other people. Having such a neighbor is not a great joy, such a person often acts as an informer, can endlessly write complaints about neighbors in all instances on various occasions. A quarrelsomer (or querulant) is a selfish, stubborn, petty, and self-confident person with hysterical and hypomanic traits, who tends to dwell on unimportant trifles. AT severe cases in patients against the background of litigation, delusions of litigation develop, which in ICD-10 is included in the category of other chronic delusional disorders (F22.8). Failures only spur litigants to new lawsuits and complaints, further convincing them of the partiality of judges and social injustice. In extreme situations, protests and other inappropriate litigious actions can be accompanied by aggression and even become socially dangerous.

Reasons for litigious activity

The disorder usually develops after the age of 40. Any unfair event from the point of view of the patient can serve as a trigger mechanism: dismissal, a fine, an increase in utility tariffs, etc. However, true reason always internal. It could be genetic predisposition to litigation, hereditary psychopathic traits personality, any psychopathology. As an independent syndrome, litigious delirium manifests itself on the basis of heredity under the influence of psychogenic factors. Litigation often acts as a symptom of a mental disorder or organic damage brain. The reason may be cerebral atherosclerosis, paranoid schizophrenia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, supranuclear palsy and other diseases.

To personality traits querulants can be attributed to rigidity, irascibility, fanaticism. Often litigious activity develops against the background of paranoid psychopathy with a tendency to litigiousness, as well as in lonely latent homosexuals.

Key Symptoms

Diagnosing psychopathology with lingering delusions is not always easy. This disorder may not last long. mild form with mild symptoms without aggression, and can drag on for decades, proceed in a severe form with clearly expressed overvalued delusional ideas. Remission usually persists for years, but when new conflict situations arise, the disorder worsens.

Litigation most often has the following symptoms:

• deep confidence of the patient in his importance, significance and special position in society;
• the presence of overvalued ideas, hypomania or persecution mania, paranoid activity, demonstrative (often with aggression) behavior;
• uncritical attitude to one's morbid condition, deep confidence in one's own rightness;
• exaggeration, inflating the problem, negativism, a tendency to suspiciousness, self-centeredness, indifference to the rights of others;
• obsessive thoughts about infringed interests and rights, delirium, emotional instability, resentment;
• eternal dissatisfaction with the social and political situation, the attitude of the authorities, work in general, health and other authorities.

How to deal with it?

Diagnosis and treatment of litigious syndrome is a complex and time-consuming task. The main problem is that the patient does not recognize his illness, and perceives attempts to prescribe a psychiatric examination and treatment as an infringement of his rights, which often only aggravates the patient's condition. In dealing with such patients, it is important to be kind and tolerant. If the cause of litigious activity is brain damage or mental illness, then the primary disease should be treated.

Antipsychotics, tranquilizers and antidepressants are most often used in the treatment of sutyazhny syndrome from drugs. It should be understood that such disorders are not treated with drugs alone. Psychotherapy still plays a key role.

It is the work with a psychotherapist that helps the patient to realize his disease state, inappropriate behaviour. A psychotherapist or a practicing psychologist is able to identify the deep, often unconscious, causes of the disorder. When treating litigious syndrome, it is important to understand that any social traumatic events can lead to new acute episodes. Therefore, with the help of cognitive-behavioral therapy, it is necessary to teach the patient to respond correctly to stress factors, to adequately perceive social events.

Relationship with a quarrel

What to do if a person with such problems appears in your life? If litigious activity has developed in a family member, try to consult a psychotherapist as soon as possible and begin treatment. It is better not to argue with the patient, not to dissuade him that his rights are being infringed. Additional stress and family conflicts can only make things worse.

Try to captivate the patient with some new interesting activity. Most importantly, strictly follow the instructions of the attending physician.

If your neighbor is a quarrel, if he constantly writes complaints about you, swears and threatens, then best way out for you - just move. Such a person is able to poison the life of anyone, and suing a quarrel will not help resolve the conflict, but will only provoke it. If moving is out of the question, try talking to a neighbor's psychiatrist, he will tell you what is the best course of action to choose. Well, if the activity of the slanderer does not go beyond oral complaints, threats and does not cause you tangible harm, just do not break the law so as not to give rise to a court case. Try to ignore it so that you yourself do not eventually need a psychiatrist and antidepressants.

There is a certain subtype of people who constantly complain about the infringement of personal rights, social injustice and the lack of proper legal norms. Filing applications with the courts and centers for the protection of human rights, many years of finding out the guilt of the other side for such individuals is the meaning of life. The meaning of the term "querulantism" in Latin means "complain". The querulant suffers to fight for his imaginary infringed rights in all spheres of life: in hospitals, at work, in a store, on the streets, etc. A person with querulant reactions is often quick-tempered, aggressive, shows rigidity and perseverance in order to achieve his goals.

Querulantism can be both a single syndrome and an accompanying symptom in many psycho-organic lesions of the brain.

The concept and signs of querulism

The study of querulant reactions was carried out back in the 19th century and turned to these states Special attention. The German psychiatrist, K. T. Jaspers, believed that this condition occupies a borderline place between delirium and psychopathic fanaticism and attributed querulism to “passion psychosis”. The syndrome of persistent complaints has another name - litigious disorder.

At present, the strife syndrome has practically disappeared from psychiatry, scientists are reluctant to study this problem, since the upholding of human rights, imposed by Western society, has become business as usual within the limits of both norm and pathology. Thus, the diagnosis and treatment of litigious disorder is a rather complex and time-consuming task.

The syndrome is equally affected by both men and women. The period of development of litigious reactions falls on the age of 40 - 70 years, the peak of discontent reaches during socio-political crises. Psychogenic factors, such as a small pension, infringement of rights, unemployment, are a trigger for the development of a litigious syndrome.

There are two hypotheses for the development of lingering reactions:

• genetic;
• symptom .

The first hypothesis considers litigious activity as an inborn predisposition, which is activated under the negative influence of psychogenic factors. Special place in this scientific view, character accentuations are assigned, for example, the risk of developing a litigious syndrome increases in stuck individuals (according to A. E. Lichko).

Protracted behavior may be one of the symptoms mental illness, for example, at or paranoid disorder. Psychopathologies with litigious delusions are rather complex modifications, which are accompanied by outbreaks of aggression. There are cases when people with a querulant mental disorder committed riots and murders.

Among the main symptoms of the striated syndrome are:

• increased sensitivity, emotionality;
• constant dissatisfaction with the political situation, the health care system, work, etc.;
• litigious nonsense;
• persecution mania;
• paranoia;
• obsessive thoughts about the infringement of their rights;
• hypomanic;
• aggressive behavior;
• egocentrism;
• indifference to the rights of other people;
• negativism;
• exaggeration of problems, suspiciousness;
• demonstrative behavior;
• overvalued ideas;
• lack of awareness of their illness;
• confidence in one's own superiority.

Sutyags are rather quick-tempered, suspicious, selfish and indifferent to the interests and rights of other people. The behavior of querullants is demonstrative, often aggressive, veiled as a defense of personal rights. According to numerous studies, the complaints of litigious people have a direct or indirect threatening connotation. Persistent querullants usually threaten with dismissal, payment of financial compensation, physical violence. Most of the complaints are only in words, but there were situations when, obsessed with infringing on their rights, querullants committed illegal acts.

A distinctive feature of querullants is the upholding of personal rights, and not general social ones. Such people are fighting their own fictional enemies, they are of little interest to the opinions of others. Overvalued ideas are the driving force for querullants, their life position is based on self-affirmation and a statement of its significance.

Querullants are distinguished by their perseverance, they can participate in legal proceedings for years, just to win the case. In most cases, the judicial conclusion does not satisfy the querulants, since they see in everything a hidden negative connotation in relation to their person. Such people get a hidden pleasure from feeling their own inferiority, they love to be pitied. Litigation failures spur the querullants even more, giving them a new boost of energy and encouraging them to be even more active. There is a known case when a resident of the United States filed close to three thousand lawsuits with various complaints over seven years, for which he got into the Guinness Book of Records. Almost all litigious personalities lack self-criticism in relation to their mental health.

Treatment of sutyazhny syndrome

Therapy for strife disorder is based on two approaches:

• pharmacotherapy;

As drug treatment persons with a sutyazhny syndrome are prescribed antipsychotics and tranquilizers.

For the psychotherapy of this syndrome, the following methods can be used:

• psychoanalysis;
• cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy;
• psychodynamic approach.

The psychoanalytic approach in the treatment of this phenomenon requires from the psychotherapist not only high professional qualities but also patience. Litigious personalities have high level negativism, which is skillfully projected onto the surrounding people. Querullants often blame psychotherapists for incompetence, especially when the session enters the stage of psychoanalytic theory and the search for the underlying causes of the disorder.

The cognitive-behavioral therapy of querulants is based on the elimination of conflicts, which are the basis of their activities. The psychotherapist helps to understand the cause of the syndrome, explains the imaginary infringed rights and interests of the individual, eliminates obsessive thoughts.

Sutyazhny syndrome usually lasts for several years, after which remission may occur. The outbreak of new litigation directly depends on the action of psychosocial traumatic factors. Treatment of the strife syndrome does not always have a favorable outcome, many patients have even greater delirium and querulant behavior. Therapy of such people remains today a rather difficult problem.