Regulatory requirements for car wash. How to open a car wash from scratch: a business plan

Although there are very, very many problems with opening and starting a business related to opening car washes, it is still not so difficult, although at first glance it seems otherwise. There are even a lot of mobile car wash complexes that are equipped with all the necessary equipment, so they can provide any car cleaning services.

The mobile complex can be installed anywhere, which means that you can choose the most profitable place for your business, and now it has become available to small entrepreneurs. You can simply first invest in a car wash, think through all the options for its promotion on the market and work out a list of services, and then receive your income.

But here's where to buy such a sink and what exactly should be done in order to collect all the documents allowing the opening and operation of a mini-enterprise, and how to get regular customers afterwards - these are questions that concern the vast majority of entrepreneurs.

Of the major steps you will need to take on this path, the first will be the decision of legal and organizational issues. It will be necessary to collect a package of documents, this applies to any future car wash, even if it is mobile.

To start decide on the form of your case. If you are faced with the conduct of such cases for the first time, then register as an individual entrepreneur. So you will reduce your package of documents that you will have to run and collect.

choose better simplified taxation, because in this case, with a small profitability, the tax will end up being less than in cases where a rate of six percent of income is chosen.

There is another advantage of this choice, you do not have to hire an accountant, you can maintain the entire simplified tax system yourself, and also make it easier for yourself using specially designed accounting programs.

Now you are faced with the question of documents to open, and what is just great is that almost all of these nuances will be taken care of ready to accept manufacturers of washing complexes, already with the equipment they will give you a ready-made package of documentation with most permits. But on your own you would have collected them for more than one month.

Land plot

Now look for the land, that is, the place where you want to install your complex. The easiest option here would be sublease, since it is much easier to negotiate with the tenant than with the authorities.

Electricity, water, recycling

Now enter into an agreement connection to electricity, although you will have your own generator, it is always better to play it safe. In addition, this way you will avoid frequent equipment breakdowns and reduce the cost of services.

The next step is to conclude two contracts, one of which connect you to the water supply and the second for the purchase of water. This is necessary, since it is still required to put recycled water somewhere. And this includes the third contract for household waste disposal.

Prefabricated car washes - advantages and planning steps

Prefabricated buildings can be used for a wide variety of purposes, from a car dealership to an inspection point, so it is not surprising that they are often chosen for car washes, because thanks to the modular structure, owners can change the area of ​​\u200b\u200bused area without unnecessary expense, hassle and design changes. Now this is the most common purchase.

What are such structures? The structure of this building is made of rolled and electro-welded profiles, which are bolted together without welding. This feature allows you to make a car wash with an area of ​​​​up to 1000 square meters and two floors, without contradicting the building GOSTs and SNiPs and almost without the help of construction equipment.

Since this is not a permanent building, much less documentation and permits are required, you can register this type as a property. If you use mineral wool for insulation and correctly carry out all fire prevention measures, then fire resistance of the room will be III-IV with hazard class C0.

The standard package will include sandwich panels 10 centimeters thick (with insulation) for the roof and walls with built-in elements for sealing and doors, stained-glass windows, as well as a metal frame. Everything else can be supplied to the building additionally.

The base price may include interior finishes made of steel with a polymer coating. Install the sink on a finished foundation, so do not forget to take care of this in advance, and the installation itself will not take much labor and time, a team of three people and four work shifts is enough, provided that the project area is small.

With all these advantages, such a structure will be distinguished by wear resistance, longevity and functionality. Such ready-made car washes can be operated immediately after assembly.

Advantages:

1. Quick installation
2. Instant readiness for operation upon completion of construction
3. Save money and time on documentation
4. Large selection of designs
5. Functionality
6. Long service life and resistance to wear and damage

When choosing a sink with sandwich panels, you can be sure that its construction is available in any season and in any climate, since almost no equipment is needed, and everything is built into the panel at the factory, there are cables and pipes, you only need assemble the parts according to the scheme.

Main stages of construction

First you will need decide on a place where you want to open the sink. To do this, you need to rely on simple factors - to assess where the cross-country ability of cars is higher, how close you are to auto enterprises and whether it is possible to bring communications without spending much.

Next stage - creating a building project. It is necessary to develop a sketch with a complete solution to the inevitable questions about the correct construction, placement of equipment and the supply of all communications, equipment, architectural solutions. It should also include provisions on safety at work, the environment and fire prevention measures.

Next you need erect a building, it is better with the help of organizations with an existing license for this kind of work and the coordination of your business with the police department, fire department, sanitary and epidemiological station, and so on.

And just now you can mount equipment.

There are also now a large number of companies ready to provide you with a turnkey construction service, which means that they are ready to take on each of these critical points.

Personnel Requirements

In fact, if you are considering whether it is worth starting a business with a car wash or is it better to install a car service, then we can definitely say that in any case, your actions will differ only slightly. But although washing requires mandatory equipment for wastewater treatment, certification of services is not needed here, and therefore there should not be any special requirements for personnel, with the exception of those involved in dry cleaning the salon.

Important questions for a business project

Since, like any business, a car wash can be unprofitable if not managed correctly, it is worth considering most of the issues at the sketch stage. To begin with, decide which type of building would be more appropriate depending on the location, wishes, services, and so on. Decide what equipment will be needed, what should be its placement. Based on these data, you need to understand how many staff you need and how they should be moved during work.

Which business model is best for you? What services will you offer visitors? All this must be considered at the planning stage if you want everything to function smoothly later.

The number of cars in cities and other settlements is growing steadily. In this regard, the demand for all services related to cars is also growing. Entrepreneurs are increasingly turning their attention to the business related to cars: car services, car washes, gas stations.

In what cases is it beneficial

The prospects of a car wash depend on many factors, among which, for example, one can name the level of service, the possibility of servicing both domestic and foreign cars, the availability of additional services and their range.

This is a business with little specifics. For those who are thinking about whether it is profitable to open a car wash, the main decisive factors will be the liveliness of the chosen area and the absence of competitors nearby.

What does it take to open a car wash?

You should send a written request to the city administration and get their consent to open a car wash in the selected area. The term for consideration of such appeals is one month.

It is necessary to prepare a preliminary design and coordinate it with municipal architects, as well as obtain approval from the SES, the fire inspectorate, and the nature protection service.

Based on the received specifications, a complete set of project documentation is developed. After that, it will be necessary to coordinate it, obtain a positive conclusion from the state examination and a permit for the construction of the facility.

Appropriate contracts must be concluded with resource supplying organizations.

Types of car washes

As for the type of car wash, it is better to decide at the planning stage, because both the size of investments and profit will depend on this.

Car washes are divided into:

• mobile;
• manual;
• automatic.

Mobile car wash is a popular and fast growing business. They require little initial investment, and modern detergents make it possible to provide services of very high quality.

Manual car washes are divided into:

• contactless;
• contact.

In the first type of car washes, water and detergents are supplied through the equipment, and the worker only controls the process. In the second case, people wash the car. This is the cheapest and most common type of car washes. However, at present it is increasingly losing its relevance. The large time spent on washing the car is often not justified. In addition, inaccurate actions can lead to damage to the body.

Automatic car washes can be:

• portal;
• tunnel.

Portal washes are designed in such a way that an automated arched structure moves along the machine, cleaning the body using high pressure or brushes.

In tunnel washes, the process is organized in the opposite way: here the machine moves on a conveyor belt along the washing units.

Automatic car washes are good because they save on staff. For normal operation of the sink, only two people will be enough. However, you will have to spend a lot of money on the purchase of equipment and the construction or redevelopment of the premises, since the existing premises often do not correspond to the equipment for automatic washing.

car wash requirements

During the operation of the sink, sewage is discharged into the sewer. Therefore, before starting work, it is required to conclude an agreement with the city water utility. There are regulatory requirements regarding the composition of wastewater. The volume of wastewater is specified in the contract, as is the inadmissibility of dumping toxic substances hazardous to the environment into the sewer.

The sink must be equipped with water purification equipment. This is usually a compact and inexpensive unit. Similar equipment is designed to purify incoming water.

Location selection

The first thing you need to start opening a car wash is choosing a location. You should choose a suitable room in the optimal area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe city, settlement, or choose an option on the highway near the gas station.

Next, you need to find out the cost of rent. As a rule, it will be more profitable to rent a room than to buy it, especially if you conclude a contract for a long period of time and with a fixed amount of payment.

Its profitability will directly depend on the place for a car wash. In residential areas there will be fewer customers than in the city center or on the highway. But the rent will be more affordable. In addition, municipal authorities often do not like the opening of car washes in the center.

The best choice would be an elite area located close to the center. Residents in these areas usually own expensive cars, can afford regular maintenance, and often order a lot of extras.

It is not necessary to build your own sink. You can find an inexpensive version of a finished building. In any case, the main thing is that there is a free access to the car wash, which does not depend on traffic congestion.

How to open a car wash from scratch: equipment selection

The required set of equipment will look like this:

• high-pressure apparatus for supplying and heating water;
• compressor;
• water purification systems;
• washing vacuum cleaner;
• detergents.

The hardware, of course, will depend on the specific manufacturer. Deliveries to the Russian market are mainly carried out by large foreign companies. Their prices are reasonable, so you won't be able to save much.

Main manufacturers:

• Karcher;
• Carebridge;
• California Kleindiest;
• Weidner.

It is important to properly zone the car wash and include zones for customers and staff. This will make the work as comfortable as possible, and good service will attract many regular customers.

The optimal minimum is a place for a cash register, an administrator's office, a staff rest room, and perhaps also a place where customers can drink coffee or even have a snack while waiting.

It has long been proven that customers are more willing to choose those places that guarantee them a lot of comfort.

The standard set is a comfortable sofa and armchairs, magazines, TV. No special luxury is required here, the main thing is functionality and focus on productive work.

In order to offer coffee to the client, you can not invest a lot of money in a cafe. You can install a coffee machine or simply place a hot water cooler and offer customers something like cookies or chocolate with tea and coffee.

Staff

Selection and hiring is the last step before opening a car wash. The task is not difficult, but the approach requires an extremely responsible one. It is quite possible to choose car washers without work experience and special knowledge, but there should still be minimum requirements for candidates. The main qualities of a good car wash employee are:

Some car washes work around the clock, so the washer must be ready to work at night.

Types of basic and additional services

The main services include:

• body wash;
• dry cleaning of the interior with drying;
• polishing.

Additional services do not mean selling coffee with hot buns to customers at all, but services that are directly related to washing.

Additional services will require additional staff training and higher salaries. It is absolutely obvious that the motivation for introducing a number of additional services for the owner of a car wash will be an increase in the number of customers, and for an employee, washing the engine using the anti-sweat and anti-rain technique will be justified only if there is an appropriate financial reward.

Traditionally, washing is understood only as a purely external washing of the body. However, the range of additional services can be incredibly wide. The main thing is to be able to make the right offer to the client.

The most common additional services offered in large cities include:

• applying a protective wax layer;
• blackening of bumpers;
• blackening of wheels;
• engine wash;
• washing the radiator;
• abrasive polishing;
• elimination of holograms;
• cleaning plastic in the cabin;
• toning;
• booking.

It is clear that the wider the range of additional services, the more in demand the car wash itself becomes. You can also open a tire shop, which will attract even more customers to your complex.

For small businesses, it can be the next step in the development of an entrepreneur.

Possible car wash franchises

If we approach the issue from a purely theoretical standpoint, then only a room, detergents, several washers, and a minimum set of equipment will be enough to open a car wash. However, such a car wash will be successful only in small towns, where the choice of the population is very limited.

If the business is planned in a large city, then you can purchase a franchise.

The concept of "franchise" is quite multifaceted and covers a whole range of actions and activities. But to put it simply, a franchise is a reimbursable right to use a particular trademark for commercial purposes.

Using an already promoted brand makes it possible to start making money quickly on a well-known name. Here you do not have to re-acquire a good reputation and customer base.

Today, there are several companies operating in Russia that offer car wash franchises to entrepreneurs. Their offers differ in conditions and prices. Consider the most interesting options.

LuxCar wash

Thanks to this franchise, you can organize a car wash, which will cost about 8 times cheaper than the usual and standard box.

Fast and Shine

When buying this franchise, the entrepreneur will immediately receive ready-made business solutions and a business plan. The company has its branches in 60 Russian cities.

"Mobile car wash"

The uniqueness of this project lies in the fact that the washers themselves go to a predetermined place to provide services to the car owner. Water is not used in this case, so as not to leave puddles and dirt. For washing only the latest chemicals are used. In the future, the company plans to create stationary car washes near shopping centers, gas stations and other places.

A variant of non-stationary car washes from the ChistoCar company

Self-service car washes "POMOY SAM"

How much does it cost to open a car wash and its estimated profitability

Opening a car wash is a difficult process and associated with certain difficulties. But the car wash pays off pretty quickly. Car owners are increasingly refusing to wash their own car.

Russia is known for bad roads, frequent and heavy rainfall. All this does not allow you to enjoy the cleanliness of the car for longer than a few days, after which the owner of the car will again have to use the services of a car wash.

In addition, the competition in the market here will not be as high as in other types of business. The newly minted owner of a car wash will quickly begin to receive a stable profit, if he takes into account some specifics of the business and the peculiarities of the market situation.

If we talk about the initial investment, then all the equipment will cost about 300 thousand rubles. Consumables in the form of detergents will cost approximately $300 per month if 30 machines are serviced daily. Building a box for a car wash from scratch costs about 2.7 - 3 million rubles.

The average profitability is 40%, which is quite high. The initial investment pays off within one to three years.

The main difficulty in opening a car wash is the high threshold of basic investments. In order to reduce these costs, you can start a business by opening a portable car wash, and later, after building a client base and making a profit, build a full-fledged washing complex.

Video - the process of building a stationary car wash for 3 posts:

A car wash is not the most difficult business, so many people who want to start their own business are considering this option. Now you don’t need to have special knowledge to figure out how a car wash works, you can even hire a specialist who will tell you which room is better to take, what equipment to work with, how to replace components, etc.

A car wash, as a rule, is not the largest building, which is why it can be easily placed on almost any street. If things go well, then it is possible to expand the building over time, or put a few more car washes around the city. Another option is a mobile car wash, which also has its advantages. In this article, we will try to describe in detail, how to open a car wash.

What does it take to open a car wash?

If we exclude the very first step - the emergence of an idea, then it is worth considering a number of key organizational steps.

First of all, collect all the necessary documentation. This can take a huge amount of time and effort, in this regard, it is best to contact specialists. They will be able, firstly, to tell you what documents are guaranteed to be needed, and secondly, they will help to collect them in the shortest possible time and hand them over to the right place. If we talk about the procedures for registration of IP, registration of premises, etc., then here you can do everything almost on the same day, thanks to a wide range of legal services.

But if you are still going to do everything yourself, then you should be patient and do everything progressively.

First you need to formalize your activities. Here, one of two options is suitable for you - registration of an individual entrepreneur, or registration of a limited liability company.

If for the first time you are generally contacting the conduct of commercial activities, then an individual entrepreneur is probably better, since there is much less paper fuss, and the package of documents itself during registration is much smaller.

Next, you need to think about how you will pay taxes. A simplified taxation system is best suited here. It has a rate of 6% on total income or 15% on reduced income. The tax payer can decide for himself which taxes are better to pay.

If we talk about car washes, then it is probably better to choose 15% of income that has been reduced by expenses, given that car washes have a profitability of somewhere around 35-45% (and so that the rate with 6% of total income was profitable, you need not less than 60%).

In defense of the simplified tax system, I would also like to say that it is also convenient for the entrepreneur due to the minimum of reporting documentation, so if you carefully approach the matter, then in principle you can keep all tax reporting for the entrepreneur himself (especially since novice entrepreneurs certainly do not want to pay money for additional services ). Nevertheless, if income allows, and tax issues cause you difficulties (given that it is better not to joke with taxes), then it will not be superfluous to turn to specialists. They will correctly calculate everything for a symbolic price, and soon your reporting will be in perfect order.

In addition to all this, it is necessary to consider a number of issues related to the business itself.

First you need to choose the right place that will be cost-effective. If you put a car wash in some industrial area where there is a factory and 3 houses and 40-50 cars pass a day, then it will hardly be possible to say that cars will be washed here all day long, bringing you income. But if you put a car wash, for example, in a passageway where 40-50 cars pass for 10 minutes, then it will be possible to talk about real income.

With the question of the place, it is also worth considering the cost of such happiness. It is clear that if you put a car wash right in the center, then people will definitely go to it, but here the question is how much the land in the city center will cost. In this regard, all profits, and a good one, can simply go to rent. But if you take land cheaper, but still in a passable place, even if on the outskirts, but on some central road, then here the cost of land is unlikely to be high, and cars will be guaranteed to call you.

Next, do not forget about the promotion of your sink. If you submit ads on the Internet and newspapers, then this is probably not the type of activity that this will help, since it is easier for a person to get to the nearest car wash than to follow an ad to the other end of the city. That is why it is worth working specifically for your customers who live in your area and can potentially return to you. To begin with, you need to make a large sign so that a person can already see from a distance that there is a car wash nearby. Further, if the competition in this area is high (a car wash may even stand right next to you and interfere with you), then you need to offer more favorable washing conditions. The fact that the sink should be of high quality is already clear, but what other conditions can be offered? You can reduce the price by literally 20 rubles, and customers will already increase, you can even introduce a discount system, for example, at 5%, and customers, having your car wash card, will come to you.

The high quality of customer service means not only a job well done, but also an individual approach to each of them. That is, it is much more convenient for a person to wait for a car wash in a cozy rest room, with hot and free coffee in his hands, watching his favorite show, than somewhere on the street.

As for the attendants, only one employee is needed for a one-station car wash. But even here, the search for such a person should be approached responsibly and not skimp on the salary. Immediately try to exclude such personnel as schoolchildren, students or visitors. Simply by saving on their salaries, you will end up losing even more, because such low-skilled workers drastically reduce the throughput of the car wash, and the quality of service will be much to be desired.

What documents are needed?

A car wash is associated with some subtleties of the business itself, it is necessary to obtain the necessary permits in order to conduct such activities. Indeed, a huge amount of water functions in car washes, which must be taken from somewhere, as well as drained somewhere, in connection with this, everything must be resolved not only from a factual point of view, but also from a formal one, by obtaining the necessary permits.

In this case, the following documents will be required:

• All certificates relating to the equipment installed on the complex.

• Passport for the construction of a car wash.

• Refusal letter for the construction of a car wash.

• License agreement.

• Project agreement on ecology "Environmental Protection".

• architectural agreement.

• Standard fire report.

• Standard expert opinion (SES), confirming the safety of the technological processes of car washing.

And it does not matter which manufacturer you will purchase a mobile car wash from. The main thing is that he must provide you with the above-mentioned package of permits and approval documents, since collecting such papers on your own will take you several months.

How to open a car wash?

It is difficult to give real advice here, because depending on the budget, personal preferences, and even the region, there may be directly opposite recommendations.

There are 3 main options:

• 1) Buy a specific land plot that will belong to you on the right of ownership, where you can both plant cucumbers and open a car wash, depending on your desire (and if you need state permits, of course);

• 2) Renting a plot from the state or local government (almost all empty land in cities belongs to the municipality or region, so part of it can be rented from the state or municipality);

• 3) Lease of land from a private person (it may well be that a person owns a huge territory on the right of ownership, and is not averse to renting out some part to someone);

• 4) Sublease - most often this happens when a large piece of land is leased by one person from the state, but at the same time he subleases it to other individuals.

Sublease is one of the best options for beginners, because, firstly, it does not require serious investments, and secondly, there is no need to run around to government agencies, where they may still not accept us at all. And so, if you take part of the land for sublease, for example, at a gas station, then you already have a passageway where customers will probably come, and at a lower cost than buying property, and without any hassle with government agencies.

It is also worth considering that, as we said, this option is in most cases really profitable, however, due to some circumstances, another type of rental may be more profitable. For example, the administration distributes land almost for free, then it would be better to choose this option, despite the paperwork, or an individual urgently sells his land, which can be used for a car wash at a very low price, which will be commensurate with the price of renting a plot for a year -two.

First you need to find the power grid. Of course, you can try to take out all the work only on generators, but most often connecting to the networks is an easier task, even if it comes out a little more expensive (and then unlikely). Generators seem to supply the car wash on their own, and you do not depend on the central supply, but constant power outages and equipment breakdowns are possible, given that it will work all day, and if the car wash is round-the-clock, then without stopping at all.

Also, one should not forget about the most important thing at the sink - connection to water sources. Here it will be necessary to draw up the necessary contracts for the purchase of water and connection to the central water network. Despite the fact that car washes now most often install simple circulation, when the same water washes cars, cleans and washes cars again, anyway, part of the water must be drained somewhere along with waste.

In this regard, it will also be necessary to conclude an agreement on the disposal of hot water and waste. Additional Steps

The next two actions on your part may or may not take place, since everything here will depend on specific regulatory and legal norms in a particular region or subject of the Russian Federation. You may need:

• Permission to install a car wash structure at the specified address. This permission is required if you are leasing municipal land. It is taken from the Head of the Council of the municipality, district, administration, etc.

• Also, you may be required to agree on the appearance of the design of the car wash, which, according to regulatory and legal standards, must fit into the features of the settlement. To obtain such a permit, you need to contact the local architecture authorities and provide them with several options for planning solutions, including a photomontage of the exterior of the car wash in relation to the location.

The last step is the official registration of permission to carry out your activities, for this you need to go to Rospotrebnadzor.

Consultation of a lawyer or attorney

In general, we figured out that opening a car wash is a rather long and dreary process, especially for those people who have never encountered running a business. Nevertheless, there is nothing extremely complicated, all circumstances can really be resolved.

But in all cases, problems often arise that are not at all clear how to resolve, it is in this case that the help of lawyers will be needed. They will be able to tell you how to conclude contracts correctly so that no one “shoes” you for money (and this happens quite often with novice entrepreneurs), which authorities you need to go to, how to issue this or that permit, etc.

Ultimately, even if you don’t understand something, you can instruct a lawyer to deal with the situation and he will be able to do it in the shortest possible time. Thus, it will be possible to say that you did the right thing and certainly you will no longer have problems with legal issues.

Important! For all questions about opening a car wash, if you don’t know what to do and where to go:

Call 8-800-777-32-63.

Or you can ask a question in any pop-up window, so that a lawyer on your issue can answer and advise you as quickly as possible.

Lawyers, and solicitors who are registered on Russian Legal Portal, will try to help you from a practical point of view in the current issue and advise you on all issues of interest.

The car has long been the main vehicle around the world, including in Russia and the CIS countries. Every year the number of car owners is growing, and with it the demand for thematic services is growing: gas stations, car services and car washes. In this article, we will talk about how to open a car wash from scratch with minimal investment.

Choosing the type of car wash

Before opening a car wash, the first thing you need to decide is how much money you are willing to invest in your business. The type of car wash that you can open will depend on the amount of investment. Consider the main types that are currently on the market.

• Manual contact washing- involves manual application of detergents and cleaning with sponges. This type of car wash is the most common, as the entrepreneur does not have to spend money on expensive equipment. The downside in this case is that physical contact with the vehicle can lead to scratches and damage to the body. Another disadvantage is the long service time of the car. In an hour, you will not be able to serve a large number of customers, as is the case with other types of car washes.
• Manual touchless car wash- the procedure is carried out in several steps. First, under the pressure of water, most of the car is cleaned. Then an active foam is applied, which removes the remaining dirt. Next, the foam is washed off under a large pressure of water. The final step is to apply the polish. The initial costs for this type of car wash will be higher than in the previous case, since special equipment will be required for operation.
• Self-service car wash- if you want to open a self-service car wash, then this is a very right decision. This type of sink is gaining more and more popularity every year. Customers in this case pay not for the car wash, but for the time they spend in your car wash. By having your customers do everything themselves, you can save on car wash staff as you don't need a lot of staff.
• Automatic car washes- it is immediately worth noting that choosing this type will lead to a large initial cash investment. You can save on the number of employees, but the minimum cost of equipment for such a car wash starts from 3 million rubles. In turn, automatic car washes are divided into two types: portal - when the car drives into the box and is cleaned due to the fact that special equipment is installed around it, tunnel car washes - imply that the vehicle is installed on a moving belt and cleaning occurs in several stages during the movement .

The best option in this case is to open a contactless car wash with employees, or on a self-service basis.

About business seasonality

Car washes are a seasonal business. In summer and winter, demand in this niche drops sharply, while in autumn and spring, on the contrary, it grows. This must be taken into account when starting a business.

If you are going to open an automatic car wash, then the best time to do this is right before the start of the season.

In the event that it is planned to open a standard car wash, then it is better to do this in the off season for the following reasons:

• Staff need to be trained
• Poor customer service strategy
• The supply of consumables has not been debugged

If you open at the beginning of the season and immediately encounter a large flow of customers, then either you or your employees simply may not be able to cope.

What services can car washes provide?

In addition to the usual body wash, this company can provide a large list of other services, which will bring big profits. Many car washes take advantage of this and can offer their customers a wide range of services. For example, interior cleaning is usually one of the most expensive services, and one such cleaning is equal in terms of profitability to several standard car washes.

Examples of services provided:

• Standard body wash, the main specialty of this business
• Interior cleaning
• Sketching bumper and wheels
• Engine cleaning
• Body polishing
• Dry cleaning
• Trunk cleaning
• Treatment with "Anti-rain" or "Anti-fogging" means
• Washing wheels from dirt with drying
• Removing tough stains
• etc.

It should be noted that the more services you want to provide, the more variety of equipment you will need. The salaries of employees will also increase, as they will be engaged in the provision of not the simplest services.

Location

In this example car wash business plan, after you have chosen its type, the second step is to select a location. It is necessary to decide on the place where to erect our enterprise as early as possible, since it will take a lot of time to obtain permission to create a car wash. You will learn about this a little later.

Mobile car wash


When choosing a location, it should be noted right away that instead of building a new building or refurbishing some garages, you can choose a mobile car wash for your business. It implies a moisture-resistant box that can accommodate one or two cars. The cost of such boxes starts from 700 thousand rubles and a huge plus is that if you are located in some unfavorable place, then at any time you can move with all your equipment to another. This is especially beneficial if you want to open a self-service car wash from scratch with minimal investment.

in garages


A great option would be if you can rent several garages for a car wash. In order to have a good flow of customers, they should be located near some highway, or next to a large area of ​​​​residential buildings.

The main difficulty in this case is that you will have to invest in adapting garages for your business. You will have to pave the road, connect various communications.

Also, ordinary garages cannot boast of high resistance to dampness and over time they will begin to collapse, and this will lead to additional expenses for major repairs.

On the outskirts of the city

The next option is to stay on the outskirts of the city next to some busy highway. The advantage in this case is that most likely you will not have to argue long and hard with the city administration for permission, since there will be no residential areas nearby in which there will be people who are dissatisfied with the placement of a car wash near their house.

In the town

Getting permission to operate a business in the center of a residential area is very difficult. But if you manage to do this, then most likely you will create a business that will never need to find customers.

In some cities, industrial buildings, such as factories or warehouses, are sometimes located right in the center of the city. You can try to get permission to open a car wash in such places. Of course, the flow of customers will not be as large as if you place a business on the main square of the city, but in any case, it is better than placing it in small microdistricts.

in the parking lot


In many large cities, car washes in parking lots are a success. They can be placed on the street parking lots of shopping centers, or underground. The profitability of such car washes directly depends on the number of parking spaces and their workload.

Also, such car washes are placed in underground parking lots in elite houses, where people drive expensive cars and a daily car wash will not hit their wallet.

In the village

If you want to open a car wash in a village, then you should definitely assess the potential demand. As a rule, villagers do not often drive expensive cars and prefer to wash them themselves. Given the fact that the population of villages is usually small, opening a business in such a place you may not see a profit.

The situation changes dramatically if the village is located on a busy highway. In this case, the idea has the right to life.

On your own plot in a private house

Many people wonder if it is possible to open a car wash on your own site in order to save on renting a room? This is a great idea, but keep in mind that according to the law, each piece of land must be used strictly for its intended purpose. Therefore, if you open a car wash in your country house, you will not be able to use it to grow vegetables, fruits, etc.

What do I need to get permission to open a car wash?

A car wash is a rather complex business, the opening of which involves the collection of many different documents and permits. So, what does it take to open a car wash?

To begin with, we must register a legal entity, namely an individual entrepreneur or LLC. If this is your first business and you have neither one nor the other, then we recommend that you stop at the option of registering an individual entrepreneur. Thus, you will save yourself a lot of time and effort.

Next, you need to choose which system of taxation you will work with. We recommend the simplified taxation system (STS). It offers two options for paying taxes: 6% of income, or 15% of profits. In the case of this business, we recommend choosing to pay taxes of 15% of the net profit of the organization.

Accounting under the simplified tax system does not carry any big difficulties, so you can manage it yourself, or by hiring a freelance accountant.

The next step in our car wash business plan, which must be completed, is to submit a letter of request and receive a resolution from the city administration. You must obtain permission from the city administration to create your own enterprise. At the same time, you must already choose and decide where you want to place your business.

After submitting the documents, you will have a few weeks before you receive feedback. During this time, you must prepare a sketch of your car wash and coordinate it with:

• city ​​administration
• municipal architect
• fire department

After you receive a response from the city administration and coordinate your sketch with the services described above, all received documents must be sent back to the city administration. Then you can start developing a full-fledged project for a room or building a building.

What documents are needed to open a car wash:

• IP agreement on tax registration
• Agreement on the ownership of the premises or its lease
• Agreement on the right of ownership or its lease on the land plot under the premises
• Agreement on the supply of electrical networks
• Agreement on code connection to water networks
• Contract for the export of solid waste and waste water

The finished project is sent for examination to the same organizations, and in case of positive feedback, you reach the final stage - the state examination.

The procedure for obtaining permission to open a car wash is not so simple and you may need the help of professional lawyers. The cost of services will be approximately 10-20 thousand rubles.

Important requirements

A very important requirement of this business is compliance with environmental regulations. Every day, car washes discharge wastewater into the sewer, so it is necessary to conclude an agreement with the WSS (municipal water supply and sewerage company), which will indicate the maximum amount of water that you can discharge and its composition.

Installing a water purification system is a must. The more water you use, the more powerful the system you need. For example, heavily polluted jeeps will come to you from the forests and steppes on the outskirts of the city. To clean them you will need 160 liters of water, to clean an ordinary passenger car driving only in the city center, 60 liters will be enough. This means that outside the city, water purification systems should be more powerful and, accordingly, more expensive.

Such treatment systems reduce the amount of waste thrown into the sewer and work only at temperatures above +5 degrees.

Equipment

After you select a location and obtain all the necessary permits to operate a car wash, you need to buy equipment for the car wash itself. Equipment may vary depending on the services provided. As new services are added, you will purchase the necessary equipment. Below is a list of equipment for a self-service car wash business plan and with employees.

The most popular car wash equipment suppliers in Russia are the following companies:

• Karcher
• Carebridge
• California Kleindiest
• Weidner

Of course, this is not the whole list. There are other less popular manufacturers from Europe.

In addition to specialized equipment, it is also necessary to equip a rest room for employees and a waiting room for customers. If you can save money on the premises for employees and put only sofas, tables and chairs, then the waiting area for customers needs to be thought out.

It's no secret that with the same cost of service, customers will go where they are more comfortable. Therefore, you need to try to equip the customer waiting area well. You can put high-quality chairs, a TV that will show car shows and a hot drinks machine.

How much it will take to equip a recreation and waiting area depends only on you and your budget. This amount can be 100.000r and 1 million.

Staff

After purchasing and installing all the necessary equipment, you can proceed to the search for employees. Candidates for this job do not need to be educated. It is enough that they are in good physical shape, understand a little about cars and be friendly with customers.

For the operation of a small enterprise, 2-4 employees with a salary of 20,000 rubles will be enough. Of course, if you are going to open a car wash in Moscow, then the salary should be higher.

Customer acquisition

The final step in this business plan is to attract customers. The most effective way to attract customers, time-tested, is promotions.

After opening your business, you can do the following promotions:

• "Free car wash from 14 to 20 September!"
• "Discount for all customers 50%"

These promotions are the best. You will attract the attention of the public. Yes, for some time you will have to work in the red, but a large number of people will know about your business, and if they are satisfied with your service, they will come to you again and again.

Inform people that you are open and you have a super-cool promotion in the following ways:

An example of unusually engaging the public can be seen in the community “Car Wash st. Herzen, 94 Tyumen Behind the shopping center "Voyage". This is a VKontakte community of a non-existent car wash in nature, which was created by two schoolchildren. They attracted public attention through heavy marketing, which was subsequently written about by major online publications. In their community, they instantly gathered 10,000 people who at first did not suspect that a car wash did not exist.

An example of provocative publications from this community

How much money does it take to open a car wash?

It is very difficult to predict what costs will be when creating a car wash, as it depends on many different factors:

• Will it be a self service car wash or not
• Automatic or manual
• The property is rented or owned

So, let's demonstrate a car wash business plan with calculations, an example will be as follows:

• We have 8 employees, with a schedule of 2/2
• We rent space
• The car wash will provide various services described earlier in the article.
• We need to buy equipment for contactless washing
• Working hours from 12 noon to 12 noon

Based on this, we get a table of expenses.

As a result, the initial cost of opening a car wash is 1.895.000 rubles, and the monthly costs are 250.000 rubles.

Income

Our company can serve approximately 50 customers per day. Depending on seasonality, there may be different workload, let's assume that the workload will be 76%, then we will serve 38 clients per day. The average check will be approximately 350 rubles.

Income per day— 13.300 rub.
Monthly income— 399.000r
Net profit per month— 149.000r
Payback– 13 months

Car wash franchises

There is an easier option for opening a car wash - buying a franchise. Then you will not have to figure out what equipment to buy on your own, they will help you choose a profitable place for placement, they will help you solve legal issues. In general, with the purchase of a franchise, life will become easier.

When opening a car wash, the business is coordinated taking into account the requirements of the following organizations:

1. With Rospotrebnadzor (SES).
2. Ministry of Emergency Situations (MES).
3. State supervision.
4. Architectural management.
5. Ecologists.
6. traffic police.

Each of these services has its own requirements for the territory, premises / building, personnel (if any), and equipment of the enterprise.

When providing services, the organization will use the appropriate engineering networks:

• sewer;
• water pipes;
• electrical networks.

The relevant services will impose certain requirements on the equipment connected to these networks, the premises (its location) and other parameters. For example, SES carefully monitors the quality of water coming from the water supply and drain, as well as the lighting in the workplace of the staff, if it is not a mobile car wash. The Ministry of Emergency Situations vigilantly monitors safety when working with electrical networks, fire safety and all related equipment is under the supervision of a fire inspector.

Requirements of Rospotrebnadzor and environmentalists

This group includes the requirements of environmentalists and Rospotrebnadzor regarding:

• lighting;
• ventilation;
• water quality;
• ensuring the safety of car wash personnel and customers;
• ensuring the safety and comfort of the population in terms of environmental safety.

Checking by SES employees of the level of noise, vibration, ultra-, infrasound and other elements is carried out on the basis of a complaint from the population. This organization has the right to take air samples. Harmful substances in it cannot exceed the MPC established by GOSTs.

Legislative acts regulating the work of car washes

The main document that the owner of a car wash should be familiar with is SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1200-03. Also worth checking out:

• with FZ 53 of March 30, 1999.
• PP No. 554 dated June 24, 2000.
• c Decree of the Chief Sanitary Doctor No. 38 of April 10, 2003.

The commission developing this SanPiN relied on these documents. In addition, the activities of car washes are regulated by:

• FZ-96 of December 19, 1991.
• Water Code of the Russian Federation No. 167 of November 16, 1995.

The latest acts relate to water as a consumable for the operation of an enterprise.

The requirements for the personnel of the washing enterprise are regulated by the Decree of the Chief Physician of the SES No. 100 dated May 26, 2003.

The lighting system is regulated both by the emitted light and by the choice of equipment. The documents to pay attention to are the following:

The requirements for the ventilation system in car washes are regulated by SniPom2.01.57-85.

The design of this system is regulated by:

equipment requirements

Sanitary authorities generally require:

• to water treatment equipment;
• lighting in the work area.

So, after washing vehicles, water is contaminated with detergents, mechanical elements (dirt, dust, sand, etc.), entering the sewer, it must be cleaned to the permitted degree of pollution.

It is prohibited to discharge sewage into the city sewer. Therefore, car washes

• or use special cleaning equipment;
• or install water recycling systems.

The choice of washing equipment is at the discretion of the owner. Popular brands today are: FloTenk, Aros, Skat, UCO, Folamingo. For any equipment (including cleaning equipment) the following is required:

• Certificates.
• Permissive conclusion from SES.
• Plant passports.

But at the beginning of work and the acceptance and delivery of the shift, all equipment must be in good working order. An employee starting work must, before starting the work cycle, make sure that the high-pressure hoses and the vacuum cleaner (if such equipment is available) and the waste water tank (it must be empty and cleaned) are intact. These requirements must be specified in the safety instructions.

Personnel Requirements

The main requirement for personnel from the SES is the passage of medical examinations:

• when applying for a job;
• periodic.

This is due to the fact that this type of work refers to work with hazards. It is believed that such working conditions are unfavorable for employees. And their health should be monitored by a medical commission.

Water Requirements

Water is used technical. But since many car washes provide for human contact with water, not only the “outlet” water, that is, waste, is checked, but also “at the entrance”, that is, used for washing cars. And it should not be harmless to humans. Water requirements are specified in MU 2.1.5.1183-03.

Stock requirements

The owner of the car wash, or a person to whom this authority has been delegated from among the staff, must regularly check the wastewater for the content in them:

• suspension;
• oil products;
• the number of colibacteria and coliphages;
• thermophilic bacteria.

The color, smell, transparency of water and its bio- and chemical oxygen demand are also checked. The standards for these parameters are contained in MU 2.1.5.1183-03. The main water pollutants during the operation of these enterprises are:

• oil products;
• suspended solids;
• detergents.

If used and contaminated water enters the public sewer, the car wash owner needs to ensure that the content of gases in it that can form explosive compounds (cyanides, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide) is contained in the effluents at the MPC level. The limits specified in the regulations should be contained in wastewater:

• substances prone to combustion, including fuels and lubricants;
• compounds that are deposited on the walls of pipes and impair the operation of the sewer system (various detergents, mechanical debris of varying degrees of dispersion);
• radioactive compounds;
• chemical elements that destroy or catalyze the destruction of the sewage system;
• difficult to oxidize by the biomethod of the compound.

In no case should wastes containing components not standardized by environmental services be discharged into the sewer. These effluents should not contain substances capable of releasing ether (more than 20 mg/l), sulfates in excess of 500 mg/l and chlorides from 350 mg/l during chemical reactions. When sampling water, the total dry residue cannot exceed 2000 mg/l.

Requirements for the premises, site and sanitary zone

The requirements for the sanitary zone (SPZ) are specified in SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1200-03. Some owners are interested in whether it is possible to revise the size of this zone in the direction of their reduction. According to the changes made by the Chief Sanitary Doctor in 2007, this is possible. But it requires justification for placing this object in a specified place and calculating air pollution.

The size of the protective sanitary zone is determined by the degree of danger of production. There are five in total. Car washes are classified as hazard class 4-5, depending on the number of installed posts:

• five or more - hazard class V and, accordingly, the SPZ of 100 m must be observed;
• from two to five posts - is considered hazard class IV and, accordingly, the SPZ should be at least 50 m in size.

These are quite strict requirements, given that car washes are usually located not in the field, but within the city, among residential and office buildings.

Land for the construction of a car wash can only be used for technical purposes.

Lighting Requirements

The lighting system in a car wash should be:

• ergonomic;
• effective;
• in explosion-proof execution.

The comfort of employees in the process of work helps to achieve a high level of customer service due to the quality of work performed. This increases client flow. In the case of lighting, it is normalized:

• natural (if any), artificial;
• top, side and combination, with combined lighting, the coefficient of natural light intake (KEO) is taken into account;
• the index of pulsation, uniformity of illumination is determined.

The standards are specified in SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1278-03. The requirements based on the European standardization system will be as follows:

• ripple in the form of an index (IP) no more than 10%;
• color rendering index (IC) at the level of - 80 Ra;
• discomfort coefficient 22 UGR;
• illumination level - 750 lx;
• its unevenness is 0.70.

For rooms that do not overlap their own height twice in length, discomfort is not standardized; according to European standards, it is better to adhere to this coefficient, but the SES will not check it.

Due to the high aggressiveness of the car wash environment: air humidity, its saturation with water dust, suspension of detergents and dirt, the operating conditions of illuminators are considered difficult. Therefore, the requirements for lighting fixtures are quite strict:

1. Protection class not lower than the first (against electric shock).
2. Existence of the metal explosion-proof case on lamps.
3. The level of moisture, dust protection from IP 65.

Not a single illuminator should dazzle workers, that is, protection against glare should be provided. As an example, consider a polycarbonate monolithic diffuser. It is impact resistant and diffuses light well. When using portable illuminators, they must have swivel mounts. To change the illumination angle.

Due to the working conditions associated with the risk of electrical injury to personnel, when accepting a shift, employees must check the integrity and serviceability of the switchboard and power equipment (if any), and illuminators. It must be in working order and show no visible damage. Do not start work if the insulation of electric lighting equipment is damaged.

Ventilation Requirements

Given that the humidity, gas contamination and the presence of various aggressive chemical elements in the air in the room will be high, it should be equipped with ventilation not only with a supply but also with an exhaust element. All elements of this system:

• must be protected from corrosion;
• plastic is not used as an air duct;
• connections are sealed, including each thread;
• joints on air ducts are sealed with special compositions (sealants).

Air exchange during the operation of the sink in the standard mode is about 5 exchange passes of air / hour. This is less than the requirements laid down in SNiP. When calculating gas exchange for this enterprise, assimilation processes are taken into account by:

• body excretion;
• moisture release;
• harmful gases.

If special handling of transport is expected, ventilation is arranged according to the following principle, the use of a supply and exhaust mechanism:

• with maintaining the air temperature (in cold weather, not less than + 15 ° C;

• air supply to the "clean zone";
• organization of exhaust with predominant removal of air from the contaminated area (up to 2/3);
• the predominance of the hood over the supply of air masses (up to 20%);
• air exchange rate per hour at least 10.

A standard car wash can be equipped with additional fan equipment to switch it to the vehicle sanitization mode. The ventilation system is designed individually for your premises. Usually the project is ordered by organizations specializing in this work. Before starting work, commissioning work on the ventilation system is mandatory.

Requirements for the design of the consumer corner

Any company, regardless of the form of ownership, must have a so-called consumer corner:

• Stand (preferred).
• A folder if there is no space for the stand.

The booth contains:

1. Information about the company (name, form of ownership, TIN, address and telephone).
2. Registration information (copies of certificates of registration and tax registration).
3. A copy of the consumer protection law.
4. Book of reviews, suggestions and complaints.
5. Business hours.
6. Price certified by the first person of the organization and the seal.

The book of complaints and suggestions is drawn up according to certain rules:

1. The title contains: the name of the enterprise, the date of opening the book and the signature of the first person.
2. The first page is an instruction to fill it out.
3. The second one contains information about persons to whom a complaint can be addressed and their contact details (director, deputy, heads of departments).
4. The third one notifies the client about the authorities supervising the activities of this company, including the address and telephone number of the Consumer Supervision Service of the Russian Federation.
5. Further, the book is formed according to the scheme, which can be viewed

It is considered ideal if the book is registered with Rospotrebnadzor, its pages are numbered and stitched. But there are no penalties for non-registration. The absence of such a book or the refusal to issue it to the client is considered an administrative violation.

Additional Information

During the operation of car washes, waste is generated that differs in degree of hardness and danger:

• fluorescent light bulbs;
• garbage received after cleaning the household rooms and premises for staff;
• garbage received after cleaning the territory (estimates);
• oil sludge;
• sludge obtained during wastewater treatment;
• Waste treatment plant in liquid form.

Rospotrebnadzor has the right to request contracts for the cleaning and disposal of all these types of garbage and waste from the enterprise.

Requirements of the State Inspectorate and the Ministry of Emergency Situations

The fire inspection imposes requirements on the availability of fire extinguishing equipment at the enterprise, the availability of a magazine for instructing employees on this issue, the correct development of the ventilation system, and the installation of protective fittings for lighting equipment. A separate issue is the topic of equipping a car wash with APS products.

Regulatory documents

The regulations that you need to familiarize yourself with when organizing the work of a car wash are as follows:

• Federal Law No. 123 of July 22, 2008 (such objects do not need to submit a fire safety declaration to the Ministry of Emergency Situations). At the stage of building a car wash, it is necessary to clearly observe clause 12. of Article No. 69
• Federal Law No. 69 of December 21, 1994 (special attention should be paid to the rights and obligations of the entrepreneur specified in article 37).

This is not all, but only basic documents.

Requirements for the premises

According to article 69 (clause 12) of the Federal Law No. 123 of July 22, 2008, the distance from any adjacent temporary buildings, which is usually a car wash, should be in the range of 6-15 meters. The specific distance is determined by the material involved in its construction.

According to Article 28 of the Federal Law No. 123, a car wash belongs to F5.1 in terms of functional safety.

Requirements for employees

Employees must be instructed on safety measures at the enterprise, read the instructions and follow all the prescribed rules during the working day. They need to know:

• Where are fire extinguishers located?
• what are their actions in case of fire;
• evacuation plan when staying in the domestic premises and in the working area in closed car washes;
• when accepting a shift, check the power cable for damage.

The latter will avoid electrical injury and minimize the risk of fire.

Requirements for fire fighting equipment

Standard fire extinguishers (a fire extinguisher with this verification, a hose for supplying water, a crowbar, a bucket of sand) should be present in any car wash, despite the fact that the technological process itself requires the presence of means capable of extinguishing the flame.

Entrepreneurs have many questions when opening washing enterprises to equip them with fire alarm systems and smoke detectors. There is no legislative act obliging all car washes to equip AUPS. But the relevant structures can, in the process of reviewing the project of your enterprise, determine the hazard class for it. The fire hazard class depends on:

• Capitalism / temporality of the structure.
• Its dimensions.
• Floors of the building.
• Some other aspects.

Premises with wet AUPS processes are not protected, in accordance with clause A4 of SP 5.13130, if it is less than 50 m2. If your sink has significant dimensions, it can be divided by partitions into boxes with separate entrances, then each box will fall under the specified act. You can appeal to SP.12, clause 4.2 (to technological processes). The washing process is almost a way to put out a fire. And the fire hazard can not go at all. But more often, the responsible structures indicate the fire hazard class B2 (with dimensions up to 50 m2), an alarm is not required. If the car wash is designed to process long vehicles, when class B4 is assigned to it, a fire alarm and smoke detectors may be required (according to SP7.13130).

Minimum requirements for fire alarms, actual smoke protection values, fire resistance limits and the ability of equipment to resist smoke and gas penetration are established experimentally, in accordance with the methods specified in the regulations.

Ventilation Requirements

The main requirements for this system (smoke ventilation, air mass supply and exhaust system, transit channels, flanges, etc.) are as follows:

• high fire resistance ability;
• all materials must be non-combustible;
• channels and seams must, in terms of strength, meet the standards specified in the regulatory documents and be airtight.

All actual parameters are calculated and depend on the volume of the premises, the work carried out in it (washing, processing, etc.), and the traffic flow.

Additional Information

A pleasant moment for the owners of a car wash is the fact that the GSK RF (urban planners code) allows, according to Article 51, paragraph 17, not to obtain permission from the executive authorities for the construction of this building, since it is not considered capital. The rights to this object also do not need to be registered under Article 120 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation (clause 2).

All the information provided is universal and applies to any washing enterprises. However:

• when organizing posts of the rolling stock of freight transport;
• its sanitization;
• arrangement of overall capital washing centers;
• combination of shop, car wash, service.

And in some other cases, more stringent requirements are imposed on these types of enterprises. The ventilation project will be more difficult, fire safety and smoke control will be required. Additional approvals with different bodies and structures may be required, and additional regulatory acts will be applied.