How does it proceed and what to do during an attack of appendicitis? Acute appendicitis

First aid for appendicitis should be qualified, since illiterate actions lead to the development of complications. We invite you to learn about how emergency care is provided before the arrival of the ambulance team. What can and what absolutely can not be done if inflammation is suspected appendix. Help for appendicitis is mainly about providing comfortable position body for the patient. Everything else may be redundant.

Appendicitis- this is an inflammation of the vermiform (blind) process of the caecum.

In typical cases, its symptoms are manifested by sudden pains in the right iliac region or in the pit of the stomach, around the navel.

What to do if appendicitis and severe abdominal pain?

Not many people know what to do if they have an appendicitis and need an emergency. surgical care. If no other symptoms join the pain in the abdomen, then it is enough to give an enema with warm water in order to free the caecum from feces. After the action of the enema, you must lie down calmly, putting on (under) sore spot cold heating pad (i.e. heating pad filled with ice water or with ice). Further, it is desirable to starve for at least a day (you can drink as needed).

If the patient has abdominal pain (colic), nausea, even vomiting, bloating, fever, and (which also happens) urinary retention, this clearly indicates a more serious inflammatory process. In such cases, it is highly desirable to consult a specialist (you need to call an ambulance as soon as possible, which most often sends patients with suspected appendicitis to hospitalization).

What to do if your stomach hurts and an appendicitis attack is suspected: emergency care

Until the doctor arrives, emergency care for appendicitis is on its own, but it is important not to harm the patient. Every person should remember simple rules what to do if appendicitis hurts, how to behave in this situation.

If the doctor has not yet arrived, with the patient in without fail measures should be taken to prevent Negative consequences. So, there was a suspicion of appendicitis: what should never be done in this case is to apply it to the front wall abdominal cavity heating pad or other body source.

First aid for an attack of appendicitis consists of the following measures:

1. Put to bed.

2. Sharply limit any movements of the patient, it is best to try not to move at all.

4. No laxatives should be used (especially oily ones such as castor oil!), because when straining, during contractions in the abdomen, the inflamed appendix may burst, which threatens the patient with peritonitis (i.e., inflammation of the peritoneum), and this is extremely life-threatening!

The patient should constantly put ice on the stomach at short intervals.

5. It is better not to give the patient any painkillers, as this can make it difficult to diagnose the disease, even when experienced doctor may not understand what is wrong with the patient. And if you delay with the operation of the wall of the inflamed appendix with purulent, and even more so with phlegmonous form appendicitis can rupture, which will lead to peritonitis - inflammation of the peritoneum, fraught with severe consequences for the patient's life.

First aid

An attack of acute appendicitis, as a rule, occurs suddenly, although there are cases of its gradual onset. First, there is pain in the navel, which later spreads to the right lower abdomen. In this case, the abdominal muscles are in a tense state. There is nausea, and in some cases even vomiting. The patient's tongue becomes dry, on the surface of the tongue appears white coating. As a rule, it is accompanied by an increase in body temperature.

The first thing to do, suspecting acute appendicitis, is to provide the patient with complete rest. It should be excluded the ingestion of various drugs and food, it is necessary to put a bladder on the stomach with cold water or with ice. Then you should immediately seek medical attention from a doctor, since if the diagnosis is confirmed, the patient will need an urgent operation.

As a rule, the results of the operation performed on the first day after the exacerbation of appendicitis are the most favorable, and vice versa - any delay in the operation is fraught with the emergence and development of severe, life threatening complications.

Appendicitis is a lesion of the appendix, a process of the caecum. This is the most common disease in abdominal surgery.

Cause of the disease

The main reason for the appearance of appendicitis is considered to be a violation of the outflow of contents from the appendix. This condition can occur when it is clogged with feces, various worms or tumors. In children, it is more often caused by small toys.

Inside the appendix, mucus is constantly produced, which eventually accumulates inside in conditions of obstruction (blockage). It leads to rapid rise pressure, due to the small size of the process cavity. This stasis of mucus provokes reproduction pathogenic microorganisms. As the pressure increases, ischemia (decreased blood circulation) of the mucosa of the appendix occurs. The appendix grows in size, and the shell becomes thinner and becomes an excellent entrance for bacteria.

Anyone can get appendicitis, regardless of age or gender. Appendicitis is the most common surgical operation which requires immediate intervention. Unfortunately, this disease has no cure. medicines, it requires only surgical intervention. At the first anxiety symptoms an ambulance should be called immediately, otherwise the appendix may rupture and the contents will spill out into the abdominal space and cause dangerous complication called peritonitis. It, in turn, often leads to death.

Clinical symptoms of appendicitis

Although appendicitis is a fairly common disease, the diagnosis is sometimes difficult even for an experienced surgeon. To correctly diagnose, an anamnesis is taken (questioning the patient about his disease).

The main complaint that patients present is pain. Quite often it occurs at night, or closer to the morning. The pain is localized in the umbilical region, but can also spread throughout the abdomen. A few hours later she leaves iliac region on right. Appendicitis is often accompanied by nausea and occasional vomiting.

When examining such a patient, it is possible to identify elevated temperature body, which rises to 38.5 degrees. The heart rate increases. In some cases, it can reach 120 beats per minute.

Dangerous symptoms of appendicitis are:

• sharp subsidence of pain for several hours. This may indicate a rupture of the appendix and developing peritonitis;
• constant tension of the abdominal muscles;
• constant nausea and vomiting that do not bring relief;
• an increase in temperature to 39 degrees, or its sharp drop to critical levels;
• confusion, hallucinations, delirium, extinction of reflexes;
• appearance in feces black impurities, this may indicate intestinal bleeding.

First aid for suspected appendicitis

First aid for appendicitis must be provided correctly, otherwise a complication can be provoked.

1. If appendicitis is suspected, the patient should be put to bed and an ambulance should be called. Restrict any movement of the patient.
2. Do not give any laxatives medicines, they can cause a rupture of the appendix.
3. An ice pack can be placed on the abdomen. Do not, under any circumstances, apply a warm heating pad with water. This is fraught with consequences.
4. It is impossible to give painkillers, otherwise you can erase the symptoms of the disease, then correct diagnosis it will be difficult to deliver.

Appendicitis is acute illness characterized by inflammation of the appendix. First aid for appendicitis is extremely important and depends on how much inflammation develops. For a long time the patient is able not to notice the development of appendicitis, and ultimately this will lead to serious consequences and even to lethal outcome, but with timely surgical intervention and correctly rendered first aid, the chances of a full recovery without serious consequences high.

The causes of inflammation of the appendix are excessive consumption of protein foods, hypothermia, and general weakness due to illness and reduced immunity. As a result, the passage between the appendix and the caecum is blocked. foreign bodies which causes inflammation. The doctor will make a complete diagnosis only when the clinical manifestations and ultrasound results are combined.

With a sudden exacerbation of inflammation in the appendix, it is important to properly provide first aid to the victim.

Main symptoms

To provide first aid in case of appendicitis, it is necessary to correctly recognize the symptoms that indicate precisely this disease. Inflammation of appendicitis looks like a sharp attack of abdominal pain in the navel area with right side. Initially, the patient cannot accurately indicate the place, since the area of ​​\u200b\u200bpain sensation is small, but the longer the inflammatory process passes, the more accurately the pain is localized. It is possible to draw a conclusion about an attack of appendicitis by adding to the attack additional symptoms, getting complete picture. Additional symptoms are:

• colic;
• nausea and vomiting;
• the pain does not go away even with a change in body position;
• elevated temperature;
• bloated belly;
• general weakness.

Over time, the sensation of pain decreases slightly in lower part belly. The pain sometimes takes on a wave-like character - sometimes it subsides, but after a while it starts to appear again. If the intoxication is strong, then the patient has chills. The longer first aid is not suitable, the more difficult and dangerous the inflammatory process begins to proceed and there is a risk of developing multiple consequences. Manifestations of other diseases, such as peritonitis, begin against the background of appendicitis. Symptoms may also appear after a longer time, periodically, if the patient has not been operated on. In this case, appendicitis is chronic.

Ambulance and wrong actions for appendicitis

Emergency care for appendicitis is to achieve maximum rest for the patient. To do this, it is necessary to immobilize him and limit his nutrition and drinking regimen. It is considered a mistake to use heating pads in first aid, since inflammation of the appendix is ​​often accompanied by a purulent process and heat only accelerates the process of decay and the removal of pus into the body. This leads to severe toxicity and serious complications. Instead, it is recommended to put ice in the heating pad, which will help ease the pain.

Taking medication is a common erroneous action. arrived Ambulance it will be difficult to determine the diagnosis if painkillers work. Clinical manifestations appendicitis in this case are confused with other diseases with similar symptoms. Taking laxatives will cause the abdominal muscles to tighten when the goal of first aid is to completely deprive the patient of movement and calm the patient. At voltage abdominal muscles the appendix can rupture and all its contents and suppuration can be in the peritoneum, which will lead to peritonitis and death.

First aid for appendicitis is provided independently until the arrival of the ambulance team. Everyone should know what not to do in case of severe abdominal pain along with other symptoms, since wrong therapy may cause complications different type and gravity. Doctors do not recommend taking any pain medications.

When signs of illness appear, it is advisable to immediately call an ambulance, which will help you need and take the patient to surgery department for treatment.

Appendicitis is a disease in which the appendix is ​​affected. With a typical location of the organ pain syndrome initially does not have a clear localization, and after a few hours, it passes into the right iliac region. With an abnormal location of the appendix or the characteristics of the body during this period, the pain may manifest itself in other areas, which forces differential diagnosis.

Symptoms

The disease can develop quite quickly and progressively. An attack, as a rule, begins unexpectedly for a person. At this point, it is important for the patient to immediately identify additional symptoms that indicate precisely the formation of appendicitis.

The characteristic symptomatology of the pathology consists of the following indicators:

• bouts of nausea and vomiting;
• sharp pain in the abdomen when changing the position of the body;
• weakness and loss of working capacity;
• a sharp increase in body temperature.

If such signs are detected, the patient must be urgently hospitalized in the surgical department for laboratory and instrumental, differential diagnosis and provision of qualified medical care.

Diagnostics

Emergency care for acute appendicitis begins with the diagnosis of the disease. At home, you can suspect an ailment due to lagging lower section abdomen while breathing. If a severe type of disease immediately manifested itself, then the movement of the abdomen, in general, is absent during inhalation and exhalation.

The ambulance doctor palpates the inflamed area, where muscle tension, soreness and pain are diagnosed. positive symptoms acute inflammation - Rovsing, Bartomier-Michelson and Razdolsky.

After the patient is hospitalized in a hospital, he undergoes a physical examination by a surgeon with obligatory rectal or vaginal palpation, and laboratory and instrumental diagnostics are prescribed.

It is also important to conduct a differential diagnosis, since the acute nature of an attack of appendicitis in its clinical picture similar to the following pathologies:

• kidney disease;
• ectopic pregnancy;
• cholecystitis;
• pancreatitis;
• inflammation of Meckel's diverticulum;
• gastritis;
• enterocolitis;
• food intoxication;
• pneumonia;
• infectious pathologies.

First aid

At acute inflammation process, the best first aid for a patient is to call an ambulance.

Providing first aid to a patient at home, until the doctor arrives, requires the observance of certain rules.

Do not apply a warm heating pad to the inflamed area. This will provoke an increased pain syndrome. It is also forbidden to use painkillers, as they lead to a temporary improvement, do not allow the most accurate diagnosis of the disease, and after a while the pain will return again.

While waiting emergency care, the patient needs to provide such first aid:

• put the patient to bed;
• put ice on the belly.

To cope with the disease is possible only with surgical intervention while adhering to operational standards.

Surgical care is carried out in one of two ways - a traditional incision or laparoscopy. If the patient has a sharp dense appendicular infiltrate, then first he undergoes anti-inflammatory treatment, then surgery in planned. In the event of an abscess, the patient undergoes urgent surgery.

If during the first attack the patient did not undergo surgery, and the symptoms subsided, they may soon resume. Recurrent inflammation, as a rule, proceeds much more severely and with the appearance of serious complications.

Similar content

Appendicitis is the most common surgical diagnosis. characteristic feature Such a disease is that in the fairer sex it is more common between the ages of twenty and forty, while men are often diagnosed with an illness from twelve to twenty years of age. In addition, inflammation of the appendix can occur in children, the elderly and in women during the period of bearing a child.

Appendicitis in children is characterized by the occurrence of inflammation in the appendage of the caecum. Such a disease occurs not so often, only in 10% of cases, nevertheless it is considered the most frequent condition with which the child enters the surgical department. The main difference similar disease is that it develops much more rapidly than in adults.