Ureaplasma and gardnerella treatment regimen. Are Gardnerella and Ureaplasma dangerous for men? Gardnerella, as well as ureaplasma - bacteria of opportunistic microflora

Hello, I’m 16 years old, I have a single sexual partner, I have erosion, two days after sexual intercourse there was itching and burning in the vagina, I went and took tests on the first day, on the third day everything returned to normal, everything is as usual for him and I got the result - ureaplasma pervum and Garnerella were detected, my partner was checked for the same thing. She prescribed treatment, but I’m not sure if it’s good, the first 5 days Dazolic 500 mg No. 10 1 tablet 2 times a day after meals, after ten days Klabaks Od 500 mg No. 10, 1 tablet 1 time per day for both + for me, at the same time as Klabax, Candid suppositories... tell me, is she right? I just read that they have terrible side effects, I’m very afraid (I have congenital heart disease of the interventricular septum, gastro-esephogitic revlux disease, etc. some kind of gastritis and Vegetative-vascular dystonia) Help, please, thank you!

Hello Eleanor.

Gardnerellosis (bacterial vaginosis) is a fairly common gynecological disease that develops as a result of an increased concentration of Gardnerella vaginalis bacteria in the vagina. A small number of these bacteria are present in the vaginal microflora of every healthy woman, but only an imbalance of lactobacilli and gardnerella leads to the appearance of symptoms of the disease. The reasons for it are manifold. Start taking metronidazole 500 mg twice daily for 7 days. Then a suppository (Zalain 300 mg, which has an antifungal effect) and Linex for 10 days to normalize the intestinal flora.

About ureaplasmosis. Ureaplasmosis is a disease caused by a single-celled microorganism - ureaplasma. This pathogen belongs to intracellular microbes. Ureaplasmosis is a disease prone to chronicity. In addition, the causative agent of this disease is an opportunistic microorganism, since for some women it represents the normal flora of the vagina. During pregnancy, there is a possibility of transmission of the disease from mother to fetus through amniotic fluid.

The causes of the disease, like gardnerella, are varied, in your case it is a general weakening of the body - stress.

Start drinking one antibiotic, and not a generic, but an original drug - Sumamed (also called azithromycin) 500 mg twice after meals - three days or Klatsit (250 mg twice a day) or Rulit (150 mg twice a day). Depending on what is available at the pharmacy.

On the 3rd day of antibiotic treatment, you need to take 1 tablet of Diflucan 150 mg (this is an antifungal drug). It is necessary to place suppositories in the vagina for 7 days:
ClindamycinA cream 2% 5.0 g in an applicator (single dose) intravaginally 1 time per day (at night) for 7 days, or Metronidazole gel 0.75% 5.0 g (single dose) intravaginally (at night) for 5 days.

It is useless to treat ureaplasma with various immunomodulators (Cycloferon, Viferon, Polyoxidonium, etc.)
The likelihood of complications from treating ureaplasma with several antibacterial drugs at once increases.

And a few more tips:

Both sexual partners need to be treated.
- you need to abstain from sexual intercourse for the entire period of taking medications to avoid re-infection. If it is not possible to abstain (sexual activity using a condom)
- refrain from drinking alcohol during the entire course of treatment.
- you need to take tests again in 1 month.

Oleg, Ufa asks a question:

My friend was diagnosed with gardnerella and ureaplasma. Does this mean that I am also infected? I don’t have any pain anywhere, no discharge or rashes. How does gardnerella and ureaplasma manifest in men? How dangerous are these infections for me?

The expert answers:

All bacteria that live on the mucous membranes of the human genital organs can be divided into two types: beneficial and opportunistic. Beneficial microorganisms belonging to normal microflora suppress the growth of harmful and dangerous microorganisms and help maintain cleanliness of the genitals. Opportunistic bacteria can live on the mucous membranes of the genital organs without causing disease, or under certain conditions they can cause disease.

For the female body, the bacterium gardnerella vaginalis is considered opportunistic. These bacteria are found in the vaginal microflora and do not cause harm in small quantities. However, under unfavorable circumstances for the body (taking antibiotics, changes in hormonal levels), the infection becomes more active. Gardnerella enters the male body after sexual intercourse with a partner. Bacteria cannot exist for a long time on the mucous membranes of the male genital organs and, as a rule, die after 2-3 days. But sometimes they provoke the development of infection.

In men, the symptoms of gardnerellosis are usually reduced to a sluggish inflammatory process on the mucous membrane of the genital organ. Scanty greenish discharge may be observed. Often the signs are difficult to detect because they do not cause discomfort or inconvenience. In a more complex and advanced situation, the disease has symptoms characteristic of ureaplasmosis (burning and pain when urinating). However, in some cases, for example, with a weakened immune system, gardnerella and ureaplasma in a man can lead to the development of serious diseases (prostatitis, cystitis, epididymitis).

If laboratory tests reveal a disease in a woman, then the man also needs to be examined. Gardnerella and ureaplasma may not manifest themselves in any way in a man. Very often it is the man, without knowing it, who acts as a carrier of the infection. In this case, both partners must undergo treatment. During treatment, you should either abstain from sexual intercourse or use barrier contraception.

Diseases of the genitourinary tract can lead to serious consequences that can affect the natural functioning of the organs of the female body. That is why it is important to identify increased concentrations of ureaplasma and gardella in the early stages of manifestation.

The female body contains a large number of bacteria that are necessary for the proper functioning of individual organs. The genitourinary system is no exception, and the bacteria that are found on the mucous membranes are conventionally divided into two types:

It is worth noting that identifying a small number of opportunistic bacteria in the body is not a reason for treatment. In some cases, microorganisms are in the woman's body and do not harm her.

However, potentially pathogenic bacteria can multiply quite quickly. It is extremely important to identify the fact of their spread in the body as quickly as possible. and undergo a course of treatment with appropriate medications.

You can find out the ratio of beneficial and opportunistic bacteria on the mucous membranes of the genitourinary system during a preventive examination by a specialist, which involves taking tests.

Treatment with antibiotics

Treatment regimen for ureaplasma and gardella in women can be prescribed exclusively by the attending physician, which studies all the characteristics of each patient separately. Provided that the diagnosis is fully confirmed, the doctor prescribes antibiotics.

Antibiotics for the treatment of ureaplasma and gardella in women

Doxycycline

In contact with

Ureaplasmosis and gardnerellosis- two completely different diseases of the genital area.

Each has its own pathogen and clinical picture, and differs in the types of diagnosis and treatment.

However, when testing for STIs, ureaplasma and gardnerella are often detected together in the test results.

Therefore, there is a need to consider the general symptoms and possible treatment options for these infections.

Gardnerella– opportunistic microorganism.

It is present in small quantities in the microflora of any healthy woman.

With an increase in the number of these bacteria and a decrease in the content of rod lactobacilli, a dysbiotic state can develop.

It is called gardnerellosis, or bacterial vaginosis.

Ureaplasma– an opportunistic microorganism that in large quantities leads to ureaplasmosis.

The disease can have unpleasant consequences in the form of miscarriage or undeveloped pregnancy.

It also causes significant discomfort with its manifestations.

Causes of ureaplasmosis and gardnerellosis

Ureaplasma urealyticum can enter a woman’s body through sexual contact.

That is why the infection was previously classified as an STD.

But after a more detailed study of female microflora and the discovery of these bacteria in healthy patients, ureaplasmosis was no longer classified as a sexually transmitted infection.

Like gardnerellosis, ureaplasma infection is currently classified as a dysbiotic condition.

An important role in the development of both diseases is assigned to factors that contribute to the reduction of normal rod lactobacilli.

Among these conditions:

Taking antibacterial agents.
Long-term use of combined contraceptives and intrauterine devices.
Smoking.
Chronic diseases of the reproductive and other systems.
Violation of the rules of genital hygiene. Here, the disease can be provoked by both insufficient hygiene and excessive hygiene. Passion for douching, various intimate gels, and antiseptic sprays can lead to an imbalance in the normal flora. Ideally, for intimate hygiene, it is better to use plain water, washing only the external genitalia and not trying to clean the vagina from the inside.
Severe stressful situations, violation of diet (strict diets).
Using panty liners. This is perhaps one of the most important points. Constantly wearing pads, like synthetic underwear, leads to disruption of oxygen access to vaginal bacteria. An environment favorable for the development of bacteria is created - high humidity, elevated temperature and lack of sufficient ventilation.

Symptoms of ureaplasma and gardnerella

It’s worth saying right away that the manifestations of gardnerellosis are much more pronounced than ureaplasma.

So these bacteria will determine the clinical manifestations.

Main symptoms:

Specific vaginal discharge. Compared to ordinary leucorrhoea, there are much more of them. Transparency disappears, the discharge becomes cloudy, homogeneous, greyish, gray-yellow or milky in color. Since gardnerella produces gas during its life, two more characteristic symptoms appear. The first is the foaminess of the leucorrhoea. Gas bubbles are clearly visible in the discharge. A specific smell also appears. Women compare it to the smell of missing fish, rotten fish, sour milk. With a large number of ureaplasmas, clots of mucus may periodically come out.

Minor itching and discomfort in the vulva and vagina. Compared to candidiasis (thrush), the itching with ureaplasma and gardnerella in women is less pronounced, and there is never a cheesy discharge.
Pain of varying intensity in the ovarian area and/or lower abdomen. This symptom is more typical for urapalasmosis, because It is these bacteria that cause inflammation in the fallopian tubes and ovaries.
Pain during sexual intercourse. The symptom is associated with inflammation. At the same time, the pain is not sharp, but aching. It can be tolerated, but it interferes with the quality of sexual life.
Infertility (relative, pregnancy is possible after complete recovery from infections). There are several reasons why there may be problems with conception.
Gardnerella, present in large quantities in a woman’s secretions, changes the pH of the vaginal environment. Instead of being acidic, it becomes alkaline, in which sperm lose their activity.
Ureaplasma causes chronic inflammation in the inner uterine layer, into which the fertilized egg is implanted. In this case, the fertilized egg either does not attach to the pathological mucosa, or the embryo does not subsequently develop in it. A miscarriage occurs or a frozen pregnancy is diagnosed.

Pregnancy, ureaplasma and gardnerella

It often happens that, against the background of existing infections, pregnancy occurs quite easily.

And then a new fear arises: how ureaplasma, gardnerella and pregnancy will coexist.

Among the most common complications:

There is a constant threat of miscarriage, especially in the short term, and there may be spotting.
Spontaneous miscarriage, frozen pregnancy.
Anomalies of attachment of the chorion and placenta (low placentation, marginal or complete presentation).
Threat of premature birth, premature birth.
Intrauterine hypoxia of the child, delay in his physical development.
Complications of childbirth in the form of premature rupture of water, labor weakness, impaired separation of the placenta.
The birth of a child with signs of intrauterine infection.
Frequent thrush, difficult to treat. Pregnant women have a natural decrease in general immunity, and against the background of infections, general immunity also weakens, this leads to manifestations of fungal infection.

Ureaplasma and gardnerella in men

Manifestations of dysbiosis and ureaplasmosis in men are quite scarce.

Up to 90% of cases of infection occur in the form of asymptomatic carriers.

And only in a small percentage of cases clinical symptoms occur in the form of a slight burning sensation, pain when urinating, small foci of redness and pathological discharge.

Ureaplasma and gardnerella in tests

The following tests may be prescribed to diagnose diseases.

A simple smear on the composition of the microflora

This examination is one of the fastest.

Based on the result of the smear you can see:

The presence of an inflammatory process to increase the number of leukocytes.
"Key" cells. This is one of the main laboratory criteria for gardnerellosis. “Key cells” are ordinary cells of the desquamated vaginal epithelium to which gardnerella and other bacteria have adhered. Due to microorganisms protruding beyond the cell, it takes on an uneven shape. Under a microscope, these outgrowths resemble a key sticking out of a lock. Therefore, epithelial cells were called key cells.
Concomitant pathology is the presence of yeast-like fungi, Trichomonas.
The predominance of coccal flora over rod microorganisms.

Measuring the pH of vaginal discharge

With gardnerellosis, this figure is usually higher than 4.5.

Taking blood using ELISA to determine the titer of antibodies to ureaplasma.

A number of bacteria greater than 10 to the fourth power is considered diagnostically significant.

Molecular biological research using PCR

This method can detect the genetic material of both gardnerella and ureaplasma.

This is one of the most accurate research methods that helps in making the correct diagnosis.

Ureaplasma and gardnerella: complex treatment

If ureaplasma and gardnerella are present in the body, treatment must be comprehensive.

If you prescribe only an antibiotic for ureaplasma, this will lead to an even greater proliferation of gardnerella.

When detected, the treatment regimen for ureaplasmosis and gardnerellosis includes the following drugs:

One or two antibiotics to which, according to the results of the analysis, ureaplasma is sensitive. If the number of microorganisms is large, two antibacterial agents from different groups can be used. One of the regimens: a combination of doxycycline and azithromycin.
Antimicrobial agent – metronidazole, ornidazole, tinidazole. Effective mainly against gardnerella and other coccal flora.

Immunostimulating agent (viferon, genferon, cycloferon). Immunomodulating suppositories for ureaplasma and gardnerella prevent the proliferation of bacteria, make them more vulnerable to antibiotics and increase the body’s overall resistance.
Complex antibacterial and antiseptic suppositories. They often contain an antibiotic, antimicrobial and antifungal agent. Those. simultaneously act on both ureaplasma and gardnerella. They also prevent the development of fungal infections, which often occur while taking antibiotics. Such candles include “Poliginax” and “Terzhinan”. You can also use pure antiseptics, for example, Hexicon suppositories.
Restoration of microflora after completion of the main course of treatment.

Unfortunately, some antibiotics leave behind a “scorched earth” effect.

Those. along with pathogenic microbes, they kill all vaginal flora.

In this case, medications are prescribed that help restore the normal biocenosis of the genital tract:

Bioselac - vaginal capsules containing at least 10 8 Lactobacillus rhamnosus.
Vagilak is an oral preparation containing probiotic strains Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1.
Gynoflor is a two-component preparation containing, in addition to the bacteria Lactobacillus acidophilus, also a medium for their reproduction in the form of the hormone estriol.
Lactriol - vaginal suppositories with lactobacilli acidophilus.

In treatment, preparations based on ascorbic acid can be used to restore pH. Such suppositories include the drug “Femilex”.
Hepatoprotectors and gastroprotectors. Given the large number of medications, drugs are prescribed that eliminate the negative effect on the liver and stomach.

Remember that both sexual partners must undergo treatment; sexual activity is excluded for the duration of therapy.

The course of treatment usually does not exceed 14 days.

Ureaplasma and gardnerella: reviews

There are forums where patients share information on the treatment of ureaplasma and gardnerella.

From viewing them, it becomes clear that only an integrated approach to treatment leads in most cases to the complete elimination of bacteria from the body.

In some cases, gardnerellosis re-develops if the main provoking factor is not eliminated.

For example, the patient is not ready to give up smoking or using panty liners.

In our KVD you can undergo a diagnosis of ureaplasmosis and gardnerellosis in one day and receive advice on treatment.

How are they similar and how are they different? gardnerella and ureaplasma, what measures exist to prevent infection with ureaplasma or gardnerella, as well as what measures need to be taken to treat gardnerellosis and ureaplasmosis - we will talk about this in this article.

Many urogenital infections are caused by opportunistic pathogens and develop together.

Conditionally pathogenic microorganisms are microbes that are normally present in the human body, but under unfavorable circumstances become potentially dangerous.

Their danger lies in the fact that with intensive reproduction they begin to displace the normal microflora.
During examination and laboratory tests, the identification of such bacteria is not an indication for diagnosing a disease of the genitourinary system. If their concentration increases above the established norm, this is a signal for further examination and prescription of the necessary therapy!

The most common UPM:

Gardnerella is a microorganism that can be found in the genitourinary tract, less often in the oral cavity, in most women of fertile age. It belongs to facultative anaerobes, multiplies quickly, creating favorable conditions for the occurrence of inflammatory processes that are caused by other microbes.
Ureaplasma is a microbe that has urease activity (the ability to break down urea into ammonia). Often provokes inflammatory processes when the pH of the urogenital tract changes.

The relationship between primary and secondary infection

Initially, the inflammatory process begins due to an imbalance in the ecosystem of the genitourinary organs. The concentrations of microorganisms change in relation to each other, as a result of which the natural barrier is destroyed. Those bacteria that suppressed the growth of opportunistic pathogens disappear and cease to produce protective factors. A favorable environment is created for the development of other microbes, the reproduction and colonization of which causes an inflammatory process.

Causes of gardnerellosis and ureaplasmosis:

Treatment with antibiotics.
Frequent change of sexual partner.
Poor intimate hygiene.
Frequent douching.
Long-term use of vaginal suppositories.