Ultrasound diagnosis of the vessels of the child's neck. Ultrasound of the vessels of the head and neck for children Doppler of the vessels of the head and neck for children

There is an opinion among the people that problems with blood vessels are characteristic mainly of adults and even the elderly. However, in childhood, starting from birth, circulatory disorders are no less common.

Most often, infants undergo ultrasound examination of the vessels of the head and neck. About what this survey is, how it is done and what it shows, we will tell in this article.

The essence of the survey

Ultrasound tends to be reflected from tissues and media of different densities. This, in fact, is based on the method of ultrasound.

Doppler ultrasound - a type of ultrasound scanning, only ultrasonic waves in this case are reflected not from organs, but from red blood cells - large red blood cells. Thus, it becomes possible to measure the speed and volume of blood flow through the vessels. The method allows you to establish how certain parts of the brain and the entire brain are supplied with blood.

Doppler of the cervical region and the brain allows you to determine with sufficient accuracy whether the lumen of the vessels is normal. The usual ultrasound of the vessels gives only a general idea of ​​their structure. But the processes that occur in them are evaluated on the basis of duplex scanning.

For a newborn, infant and older child, the duplex is considered the best research option, which provides more complete information about the state of the vessels of the head and neck.

Harmful or not?

The dangers of Doppler are mainly spoken by those who have a poor idea of ​​the principle of this study. Since it is based on ultrasound, ultrasound is considered a harmless and completely painless non-invasive method.

Ultrasound does not affect organs, tissues, blood cells, does not cause their mutations, does not impair function. It is only reflected and returned back as a signal on the monitor. This is how the image is obtained, which the doctor and the patient see on ultrasound and ultrasound.

The long-term consequences of the impact of ultrasound on the body have not been sufficiently studied, and it is this fact that gives food for reasoning to the opponents of the method. They usually keep silent about the fact that there is also no information about harm.

Indications

If an ultrasound of the brain of a child is performed at 1 month without fail, since the study is included in the comprehensive screening of babies, then ultrasound is not considered mandatory and is recommended only for those who have certain medical indications.

A Doppler ultrasound examination can be recommended for an infant in case of signs of hypoxia, after head injuries, as well as for babies born as a result of a difficult birth, who received birth injuries.

Some neurological abnormalities that a doctor will notice in a baby may also require a separate assessment of cerebral blood supply. These include:

• frequent crying, difficulty falling asleep;
• profuse and regular regurgitation;
• too high or reduced muscle tone;
• lagging behind the child in physical and mental development.

At an older age, frequent headaches, bouts of dizziness in a child, cases of loss of consciousness, convulsions, frequent nausea and vomiting, and increased fatigue can become reasons for prescribing diagnostics.

For children who are already 3 years old, ultrasound of the vessels of the head and neck is often prescribed due to parents' complaints of restlessness, poor memory, low learning abilities, behavioral problems, delayed speech and psycho-emotional development.

Since the procedure is considered harmless, parents can make such an examination for a child without a referral from a doctor by visiting, for example, a private clinic specializing in ultrasound for children.

How is it carried out?

Doppler diagnostics is carried out in the same way as a conventional ultrasound, in the same room and on the most ordinary hospital couch. To obtain information, an ultrasound sensor is used, the results are obtained in two forms - ultrasound data and Doppler.

The sensor is applied to the child to the locations of important vessels that feed the brain. Such places are located on the back of the head, temples, and also in the eye area. The vessels of the neck are examined when the patient is located on the couch on the stomach. The entire examination takes no more than 5-10 minutes.

Mom's babies are held in their arms during the diagnosis. Older children may well lie on the couch on their own. But if the child is very afraid, the mother is allowed to sit nearby on the couch at the time of the examination.

Is preparation necessary?

Such ultrasound does not require diet and fasting. If the child is in infancy, try to make sure that at the time of the examination the baby is full and calm. Ideally, if he undergoes the procedure right in his sleep. Therefore, before visiting the doctor's office, feed him well.

Children who have come out of infancy and have already learned to understand what adults are trying to convey to them are recommended to tell in advance as much as possible about what awaits them.

You can take a small object and move it over the child's head, "playing" with him in the ultrasound. Then the baby will be psychologically ready for the examination and the chances of a sudden tantrum in the doctor's office will be significantly reduced.

Before the examination, it is undesirable to give the child strong tea, as well as painkillers and antispasmodic drugs that affect the condition of the vessels.

If a child takes certain vascular drugs for health reasons, you should not refuse to take it, but the doctor must be warned before starting the study about which drugs, at what dose and for what reason your child is receiving.

What does it show?

The method shows the tone of the vascular walls of veins and arteries. If the tone is increased, blood supply can be difficult, which will immediately affect the functioning of the brain and the entire central nervous system.

If there are stenoses (narrowings), varicose veins (expansions) or occlusions, the doctor will definitely inform about this, since the blood flow rate will be different from the norm. If necessary, the doctor will evaluate the structure of the vessel walls.

Due to this, it is possible to identify such disorders as minimal brain dysfunction, hypoxia, encephalopathy, increased intracranial pressure. The method is used to assess the degree of damage in meningitis, hydrocephalus, after traumatic brain injury.

If an ultrasound scan of the vessels of the head and neck is recommended for a child, it is better to do it. Parental refusal to undergo an examination can have extremely negative consequences: problems with the circulation of the brain worsen over time if the child does not receive treatment.

For information on how Dopplerography of the vessels of the head and neck is performed, see below.

Ultrasound of brain structures refers to a modern, objective research method that allows you to determine the presence of pathological foci located inside the skull. Diagnostics is also called neurosonography. This procedure is completely safe and can be used even in newborns and premature babies. This article will tell you in detail in which cases an ultrasound of the brain is prescribed for children, how the examination is carried out, what diseases it reveals.

Study Characteristics

Ultrasound of the vessels of the brain is produced through the use of ultrasound, which does not pose a danger to the body. This procedure is carried out for all age categories. It can even examine pregnant women and premature babies. Waves with high frequency pass through the tissues, after which they are reflected. Further, the reflected waves are captured using an ultrasonic sensor and displayed on the screen of the equipment.

Ultrasound of the brain department has the following advantages:

• complete security. The examination is not dangerous, since ultrasonic waves do not harm the body;
• the possibility of frequent conduction allows you to control the course of treatment of the disease and use diagnostics as a preventive measure;
• painlessness, non-invasiveness;
• the likelihood of diagnosing soft tissues of the brain;
• the probability of examining the same area in different projections;
• availability.

To identify brain disorders, there are several types of procedures:

• echoencephalography. This type is used for both adult and children's categories.
• Neurosonography is used exclusively as a pediatric study.
• Duplex scanning, which allows you to evaluate the work of blood vessels not only in the head, but also in the neck.

For children of the first year of life, ultrasound is performed through an open fontanelle

An ultrasound of the head of a child of the first year of life is performed using neurosonography. This procedure is carried out through the fontanel, resulting in a two-dimensional picture of brain structures. If the child has normal development, then the fontanel overgrows during the first year, sometimes this process proceeds for 1.5 years. This procedure is completely painless. Usually it is done no more than 25 minutes.

Indications for research

Ultrasound of the brain can be performed from the first days of life, even in the hospital. Read more about ultrasound of the brain in newborns in this article. It is usually carried out according to the following indications:

• transferred intrauterine infection;
• difficult birth period;
• premature birth;
• increased intracranial pressure;
• low birth weight;
• abnormal development of arteries;
• hypoxia;
• birth trauma;
• intracranial hemorrhage;
• fainting;
• being overweight;
• suspected diabetes.

Today, in pediatrics, ultrasound of the brain is carried out as a preventive measure for all children up to a year old. It allows you to timely determine the presence of hydrocephalus, cerebral palsy, pathology of the vascular bed. Upon reaching the child's year of age, an ultrasound examination of the head is prescribed if:

• headaches;
• dizziness;
• fainting;
• impaired coordination;
• impaired attention;
• problems with memory, thinking;
• emotional disturbances. When the baby is irritable, tearful;
• disturbed sleep. Moreover, this can manifest itself as insomnia, and increased drowsiness;
• sensations of goosebumps on the head;
• restlessness.

These signs often indicate impaired blood circulation. Often, these symptoms appear at the beginning of the child's educational activities or during puberty.

The doctor may ask for a change in the position of the child's body

What diseases does it reveal?

Ultrasound during the examination reveals impaired blood flow, vascular pathologies, intracranial hemorrhage and various complications of these diseases. These anomalies often become the cause of death and lead to a serious complication of the psychoneurological status of the baby. The study is able to detect hypoxia and ischemia of brain structures in children, inflammatory processes of the brain, which can occur not only during intrauterine gestation, but also in the subsequent stages of child development.

Various brain defects, hydrocephalus, cysts, aneurysms, hematomas, tumor processes are diagnosed.

Frequently found interpretation of the results

Most often, doctors are faced with the following interpretation of the results:

• the expansion of the cerebral ventricles is set if the depth of the examined structure is higher than the norm. This parameter should not be more than 2 mm. These results indicate the presence of hydrocephalus, which is popularly called dropsy of the brain. Usually the disease occurs as a result of intrauterine infections. The intracerebral fluid causes increased pressure. Because of what the child is very tired, he has a headache, he lags behind in development;
• the expanded subarachnoid space is characterized by a parameter of more than 3 mm. Usually this pathology is manifested by frequent regurgitation, poor appetite. Could be a sign of meningitis. If the increase was found only on ultrasound and does not have symptoms, then it may be a sign of hydrocephalus;
• Vascular cysts are a plexus of blood vessels that line the ventricle of the brain. Most often, the pathology resolves on its own;
• Arachnoid cysts appear as a cavity filled with fluid. If the size of the identified focus is more than 3 mm, then it has a tendency to squeezing the brain. What leads to the development of epileptic seizures;
• hemorrhage or its traces;
• focus of ischemia, which indicates that some part of the brain does not perform its functions well. This often causes serious deviations in the development of the baby.

Training

Special preparatory measures for ultrasound of the head are not required. The child will feel most comfortable when he is full. Nevertheless, it is desirable that at least half an hour elapses between the study and the procedure. This condition is necessary to avoid regurgitation. You need to take a warm diaper with you. Reliable results can be obtained with the right psychological attitude. An older child should be interviewed on the eve of the examination.

The correct attitude of the child will help to obtain reliable information.

He needs to be told that the procedure will be painless. Also, the baby must be warned that the doctor will ask him to change the location of the neck, roll over. If a small patient uses medications aimed at improving blood circulation, then on the day of the study it is better to refuse them.

Carrying out the procedure

The study of the brain is carried out in the following stages. The child should be laid on the couch in such a way that he behaved as calmly as possible during the study. To distract him, you can take your favorite toy with you. The only condition for obtaining the correct result is to ensure complete immobility of the head. Therefore, parents need to fix the head of the child as tightly as possible.

A specialist will apply a gel on the baby’s head to study children. It differs from what is used to examine adults. Baby gel is hypoallergenic. It improves the signal by removing the excess air layer between the sensor and the skin. Next, the doctor drives the sensor, examining the parameters of the brain structures, as well as the tissues surrounding them. Usually, the diagnosis of the brain by ultrasound is carried out by examining the anterior fontanel.

In addition, there are secondary windows for visualization, which include the coronal suture, anterolateral fontanelle, posterior fontanel. Thanks to preventive examination by ultrasound of the brain, it became possible to timely determine the presence of various anomalies in children. This makes it possible to start early treatment and improve the prognosis of the disease.

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Ultrasound of the vessels of the neck for a child

One of the simplest, most accessible and highly informative diagnostic methods in pediatrics is this. The ultrasound method for a child of any age is absolutely safe and painless.

Ultrasound of the vessels of the neck of the child is performed during a difficult pregnancy in the mother or during prolonged labor, if the child experienced hypoxia, received a perinatal injury. In such cases, ultrasound is mandatory.

Currently, many pediatricians are actively in favor of prophylactic ultrasound of the vessels of the neck, since many diseases are asymptomatic.

The study of the vessels of the neck and brain is called neurosonography. In children under 1 year old, it is carried out through the fontanelles. When the fontanelles are closed, ultrasound of the vessels of the neck is carried out through the temporal bones. Neurosonnography allows you to assess the state of the structures of the brain and its blood supply. The method does not require preparation. It is important to explain to the child how to behave during the study.

The informativeness of the method depends on the qualifications of the doctor, his knowledge of the structural features of the cerebral vessels in children of different age groups.

Absolute indications for ultrasound of the vessels of the neck in children:

• Complicated childbirth
• intracranial hemorrhage
• Congenital developmental defects (aneurysms, pathological tortuosity of arteries)
• premature babies
• Postpartum hypoxia and asphyxia
• Injuries received while passing through the birth canal
• Increased intracranial pressure
• Brief loss of consciousness
• Risk factors for the development of cerebrovascular accident - obesity, diabetes mellitus, inflammatory diseases of the cerebral vessels
• Maternal infection during pregnancy

Together with neurosonography, a study of cerebral vessels (Dopplerography) is carried out. This method allows you to evaluate the nature of intracerebral circulation. Dopplerography is an informative ultrasound method that allows you to detect abnormalities of cerebral vessels, stenosis, spasms and occlusions. Timely ultrasound of the vessels of the neck in infants prevents the development of cerebral palsy.

Ultrasound of neck vessels for children according to indications

Any diagnostic study has its indications. Relative indications for ultrasound of the vessels of the neck in children include:

• Headache up to migraine
• Decreased memory and concentration
• Cognitive impairment and delay in school
• Feeling of increased pressure
• Restlessness and irritability
• Sleep disturbance
• Delayed speech development
• Signs of vascular inflammation (muscle pain, dysfunction, burning sensation)
• Feeling of heaviness and weakness in the head and neck

Such signs are often early symptoms of impaired cerebral circulation.

Particular attention is paid to the appearance of such complaints in children of preschool and school age. Ultrasound of the vessels of the neck in the early stages makes it possible to detect vegetovascular dystonia, migraine, foci of epilepsy, myopia and hearing loss. The results of the study are evaluated by an ultrasound diagnostician together with a pediatrician and a neurologist.

Answers on questions

Ultrasound (including examination of the vessels of the head and neck) is a comfortable and short procedure. It does not require you to be in a dark room or wear a lot of sensors. Virtually no need for preparation, does not cause immediate or long-term effects.

Each of the variations of ultrasound (Doppler, duplex and triplex scanning) can be assigned to children of any age. The primary option for studying blood vessels is Doppler ultrasonography / Doppler ultrasonography.

Application of dopplerometry

UZDG is used in pediatrics no less often and with no less success than in general therapeutic practice. Dopplerography allows you to study the quality of blood flow:

• along the main vessels of the upper and lower extremities;
• along the arteries of the circle of Willis, which provide blood supply to the brain, tissues of the head and shoulder girdle;
• along the aorta;
• through large vessels that carry blood to the internal organs.

Violation of blood flow caused by a change in patency (stenosis/occlusion/inflammation/tumor) of any artery or vein leads to a functional or organic change in the organ and system it serves. One of the most common disorders of blood flow in childhood affects the arteries and veins that provide the inflow / outflow of blood to the brain structures, tissues of the neck and shoulder girdle.

Indications for ultrasound diagnostics of cerebral vessels in children under one year old

The ultrasound procedure is prescribed for newborns from the first days of life, starting from the maternity hospital. In the maternity hospital, in the general case, neurosonography is prescribed, which, according to indications, can be supplemented with dopplerometry. Indications for ultrasound examination for children under one year old are:

• after an intrauterine infection;
• difficult childbirth, accompanied by the use of various means of obstetrics (including vacuum forceps);
• prematurity;
• suspected ICP;
• suspicion of anomalies in the development of arteries (congenital aneurysm, excessive tortuosity);
• severe intrauterine or postpartum hypoxia (asphyxia);
• fainting states;
• injuries received during childbirth;
• suspicion of intracranial hemorrhage;
• vascular pathologies of an inflammatory nature;
• overweight and diabetes as risk factors.

In pediatric science, there is an opinion that the ultrasound procedure for diagnosing the arteries and veins of the brain at the age of up to a year should be carried out for all children, regardless of the presence of indications, as a preventive measure to detect severe vascular pathology. Thanks to timely diagnosis, doctors can not only identify, but also start correcting congenital pathologies of the vascular bed as soon as possible (if possible). There are a number of diseases that are easily corrected at the age of up to a year, but are difficult to treat after a year. Without timely diagnosis, you can miss a serious pathology, such as developing hydrocephalus or the first signs of cerebral palsy.

Dopplerometry of the vessels of a child after a year

After the overgrowth of a large fontanel, neurosonography cannot be done. But it may be necessary to conduct an ultrasound scan for a baby even after a year. Therefore, children undergo dopplerography of intra- and extranial vessels of the head and neck in combination with duplex scanning (USDS) or as an independent technique. The referral for ultrasound is issued by a neurologist. You can undergo an examination on your own, and after that get a doctor's consultation, because. decoding ultrasound can explain little to a non-specialist. The main indications, according to which the neurologist issues a referral for ultrasound in childhood, are as follows:

• headaches of any origin;
• vestibulopathy;
• fainting states;
• violation of one or more cognitive functions (attention, memory, psychomotor, speech, counting, thinking, etc.);
• violation of the emotional sphere (irritability, tearfulness, anger, etc.);
• AG (hypertension), diabetes, inflammatory and immunological vascular pathologies;
• sleep disorders (insomnia, increased drowsiness);
• restlessness and irritability;
• paresthesia of the scalp and neck (crawling, foreign object, etc.).

Any of these signs can serve as a beacon signaling an early stage of cerebral circulation pathology, and their combined manifestation requires immediate intervention. This symptomatology is especially acute at school age, due to an increase in intellectual load and the onset of puberty. Some of these signs may result from the formation of incorrect posture and early osteochondrosis, which led to the development of angiodistonic syndrome in children.

Studies of blood circulation in the arteries and veins of the head can help diagnose VVD, NCD, epilepsy, migraine, residual encephalopathy, logoneuroses, higher cortical dysfunction syndrome, etc. They also allow diagnosing a number of forms of hearing and vision impairment.

Advantages of dopplerometry

UZDG readings of the vessels of the brain, tissues of the head, shoulder girdle and neck are sent to the ultrasound doctor's monitor in real time. This allows you to track the condition of a small patient at the time of the study. In the case of the appointment of venotonics - assess the level of their impact after administration.

After the procedure, there are no consequences - this method is not associated with exposure to the child's body of X-rays, there are no traumatic injuries to the skin. The operation of the ultrasound machine, unlike the MRI machine, is not accompanied by sharp frightening sounds, and unlike the EEG, it is not accompanied by photostimulation. After ultrasound, there is no increase in the symptoms of the underlying disease. Therefore, to monitor the pathological process in dynamics, it can be prescribed with any frequency necessary for treatment.

Where to do dopplerometry in childhood?

Where can I get an examination of the vessels of the brain, tissues of the head, shoulder girdle and neck for children (including those under one year old)? As well as adults - in any specialized center. In addition, today in any fairly large medical institution where there is an ultrasound machine, you can successfully undergo a diagnostic examination.

An additional positive aspect of ultrasound diagnostics is the availability of portable devices. This allows you to carry out the scanning procedure for babies at home.

Where to conduct the research does not matter for the effectiveness. The venue does not affect the information content, painlessness and the absence of side effects.

Study preparation and procedure

If you are conducting an examination in a medical facility, the preparation will be minimal. You need to have a diaper with you (put the baby on the couch), water or milk for the baby and disposable wipes (remove excess gel after the procedure). The baby should not be hungry, thirsty or scared. To do this, you need to have a conversation with him the day before and explain (preferably in a playful way) that the technique is painless.

It is necessary to warn the baby that the doctor may ask him to roll over, change the position of the neck - these commands must be followed. If a child takes venotonics and brain trophic-improving drugs, it is better to refrain from taking them until the study is conducted.

The procedure is carried out in the supine position, the gel is applied to the area under study. Then, using a sensor, the doctor receives a visual and audio reflection of the processes of blood movement through the vessels of the head and neck of the child.

An analysis of the results of ultrasound examination will allow us to draw conclusions about the state of the vessels of the head and neck of the baby (about the tone of the veins and arteries, the presence of occlusions, stenoses, pathological tortuosity, etc.). If ultrasound is performed in combination with a duplex study, it is possible to obtain data not only on the characteristics of blood flow, but also on the architectonics of arteries and veins.

After the invention of ultrasound diagnostics, the treatment of many diseases has become much more effective. All thanks to the timely and accurate examination using ultrasound.

This method allows you to determine the state of almost all organs and systems with maximum accuracy. An ultrasound of the vessels of the head and neck is no exception. True, to study this part of the human body, another unique ultrasound method was invented - duplex scanning.

To cure something, you need to know exactly where the problem lies. Examination of the patient is perhaps the most important part on the road to recovery. If you treat not what hurts, then you can cause great harm, but you can’t fix or alleviate the patient’s condition.

This happened very often until affordable ultrasound diagnostics appeared. Almost one hundred percent certainty of established diagnoses coincides with absolute safety for the patient. The ratio is very important for the life and health of the patient. If we add here the painlessness of the research method and the absence of the need for anesthesia and long-term preparation and the absence of age restrictions, then this method becomes invaluable in medical practice.

Duplex scanning helps to assess the condition of large vessels and arteries in the human body. If earlier various methods of shunting were used to assess blood flow, now even ultrasound of the cervical vessels can be done with the help of duplex scanning. And not only. Ultrasound of the neck will allow you to consider such a part of the circulatory system as the carotid artery, the study of which was previously associated with great risk and was uninformative.

Dopplerography of the vessels of the brain, traditional ultrasound and duplex scanning, used in a comprehensive examination of the patient, is the most modern and safest method.

The traditional method of ultrasound examination allows the doctor to see the structure and condition of the blood vessels. When waves pass through a set of soft tissues, a picture similar to an x-ray appears on the monitor. All tissues have different resistance to sound waves, which allows you to display a clear image, up to 3-D scanning.

Ultrasound Doppler ultrasound is used in the study of soft tissues, vessels of the neck, brain and limbs. This method is also based on different sound resistance, but allows, in addition to soft tissues, to show moving objects. When passing through a network of vessels, a sound wave is reflected from red blood cells moving in them.

The stronger the blood flow, the brighter the image will be. If there are obstacles in the way of blood flow in the form of atherosclerotic plaques, the flow rate changes, and hence the intensity of the image, which is immediately reflected on the monitor screen.

Duplex scanning or Dopplerography of blood vessels is an indispensable research method today that allows you to evaluate both the structure of important arteries and the quality of blood flow in them. The only method - ultrasound of the cervical spine - allows you to find out the cause of many paresis and pre-infarction conditions, to assess the risk of stroke in a patient. Ultrasound of the vessels of the neck is also important in establishing the risk of stroke, especially in people with diabetic disease. Studies using ultrasound of the soft tissues of the extremities are mandatory in such patients at least once every six months.

The ability to determine the state of the circulatory system, the presence and quality of blood flow has saved many lives and prevented a huge number of diseases such as stroke and heart attack.

In what cases is ultrasound of the vessels of the neck and head performed?

Headache, frequent bouts of dizziness, loss of consciousness (even a single case), tinnitus - directly indicate problems with the blood supply to the brain. If this is accompanied by a decrease in memory and the inability to concentrate, as well as a panic state and feelings of constant anxiety, then this is a signal for immediate action, since the process of oxygen starvation of the brain led to atrophy of its cells.

Despite the fact that such alarming symptoms can occur in many diseases, the doctor first of all sends the patient to have an ultrasound scan of the cervical spine and cerebral vessels.

The most common diseases with similar symptoms are hypertension and atherosclerosis. Hypertension is manifested by severe spasms of the vessels of the brain, due to which the blood flow becomes critically low or high in places where the walls of the vessel are narrowed. In atherosclerosis, blood flow is changed by cholesterol plaques that form on the walls of blood vessels, changing the flow of blood through them.

Cervical osteochondrosis can also introduce a number of pathological changes in the blood circulation system due to compression of the arteries by altered vertebrae. In this case, it is important not only to have an ultrasound examination of the soft tissues of the neck, but also x-rays that will show the state of the cervical spine.

But, the most unpleasant thing is that there is a high probability of a combination of these diseases. Especially in the elderly. And, if you treat one thing, and do not pay attention to the other, then relief and recovery will never come. Therefore, it is important to conduct a comprehensive study of the state of the spine and head.

In order to accurately diagnose the doctor and effectively treat the disease, as well as to raise the level of awareness of citizens and reduce the risk of late assistance in case of heart attacks and strokes, it is necessary to know exactly the alarming symptoms that can become the precursors of these diseases.

So everyone should know that

1. Frequent headaches and a feeling of heaviness in the head;
2. Dizziness, which may be accompanied by severe bouts of nausea;
3. Loss of consciousness, even in a single case;
4. Decreased memory and attention;
5. Feeling of heaviness in the head and limbs;
6. Feeling of numbness of the soft tissues of the limbs and face;
7. Chill attacks

All this can be the consequences of impaired blood supply to the brain and lead to dangerous conditions.

The presence of several of these symptoms indicate a high risk of developing a stroke or heart attack and require immediate medical attention.

Ultrasound in children

Ultrasound can be done on a child, regardless of his age. The passage of dopplerography is indicated even for newborn children, especially if the mother had a difficult or protracted birth and there is a possibility of birth injuries of the head, soft tissues or spine.

During the passage of this examination, the child does not need to do any preliminary preparation. Studies are carried out through the natural openings of the head - fontanelles, and the results, as a rule, with a high degree of accuracy allow us to determine the state of the brain and the degree of its traumatization when passing through the birth canal.

Moreover, today this method of ultrasound of the head and brain is considered mandatory in the first days of life in infants. This is how it is possible to timely diagnose brain diseases and injuries of the vessels of the head, neck and dorsal spine, as well as soft tissues in babies.

If birth injuries occurred at the birth of a baby, then the child needs timely assistance to prevent the manifestation of cerebral palsy and intracranial pressure. All these conditions can be successfully corrected with modern drugs, but provided that the treatment is started on time and the atrophic processes do not affect large nerves and soft tissues.

Ultrasound of the neck, as well as the head, takes place in a comfortable atmosphere for the baby. The devices do not make loud sounds, the gel from an experienced sonographer will always be warm. If the baby is too nervous, then the examination can be carried out by examining the child in the arms of the mother. However, such a need arises very rarely, since ultrasound is a completely painless and safe procedure. Every mother should do an ultrasound of the vessels to her child. It is better to notice the disease in a timely manner and prevent dangerous consequences when the process is running.

fetal ultrasound

Ultrasound can also be performed during pregnancy to detect congenital malformations of the fetus. Even in utero, important vessels of the neck and head of the baby, as well as internal organs, will be clearly visible. Visualization of the soft tissues of the fetus is no different from that of an adult.

Sometimes the situation may be such that the unborn baby will need qualified assistance in the first hours of life. Identification of such pathologies even during pregnancy gives a huge advantage: doctors can provide timely assistance, carry out the necessary surgical correction and save the life of the baby.

Even in this case, Doppler ultrasound is completely safe for the mother and will not bring any harm to the unborn child.