Treatment of ventricular extrasystole folk remedies. Treatment of extrasystole with folk remedies: remedies recommended by doctors Extrasystole causes treatment with folk remedies

Which occurs due to untimely excitation of several departments of the myocardium or the entire myocardium, which is caused by out-of-order myocardial impulses.

Classification of extrasystole depending on the cause:

toxic- occur with thyrotoxicosis, which occurs due to the use of drugs with ephedrine and caffeine, due to the use of glucocorticoids, sympatholytics and diuretics;
functional- occur in healthy people as a result of alcohol abuse, cigarettes and the use of narcotic substances, also, mental disorders, emotional and physical stress, hormonal disruptions in women can also serve as a cause;
organic- occur in people with various problems and heart diseases (the presence of dystrophy, heart disease, cardiomyopathy, coronary heart disease), with myocardial infarction, new impulses begin in places of necrosis of the heart areas and foci of extrasystole occur.

Depending on the number of impulse foci, the following types of extrasystoles are distinguished:

1 polytopic- there is a pair of foci of the appearance of pathological impulses;
2 monotopic- one center of impulse.

There may be several extrasystolic and normal (sinus) impulses at once. This phenomenon is called parasystole.

Depending on the place of occurrence, there are:

atrial extrasystole- the rarest type of extrasystole, closely associated with organic cardiac lesions, occurs due to the fact that the heart patient mainly lies and moves little;
atrioventricular extrasystole- a more common, but rather rare type, can have 2 scenarios of development and sequence of impulse occurrence: the first - the ventricles are excited or the second - the ventricles and atria are simultaneously excited;
ventricular extrasystole- the most common type, impulses occur only in the ventricles, impulses are not transmitted to the atria (dangerous because there may be complications in the form of ventricular tachycardia, and with myocardial infarction there may be a large number of foci of paranormal impulses - their number depends on the vastness of the heart attack).

Symptoms of extrasystole:

1 strong tremors and pains in the region of the heart, chest;
2 lack of air;
3 sensation of stopping or fading of the air;
4 dizziness;
5 weakness;
6 increased sweating, with hot flashes;
7 numbness of the left hand.

Extrasystole, also, can proceed without symptoms and in no way disturb the patient until complications occur. They can be in the form of supraventicular, ventricular tachycardia, atrial or ventricular fibrillation, renal, coronary, cerebral insufficiency of a chronic nature.

Useful products for extrasystoles

vegetables (tomatoes, bell peppers, cucumbers, turnips, radishes, beets, corn, potatoes, cabbage, pumpkin, broccoli);
fruits (pear, plum, apricot, melon, apples, avocado, grapefruit, peach);
berries (raspberries, currants, grapes, blackberries);
dried fruits (raisins, dried apricots, dates, prunes), nuts;
cereals and legumes;
greens (rosemary, parsley, garlic, celery root);
vegetable oils from flax seeds, wheat germ, pumpkin seeds, olives;
fish meals;
dairy;
honey and its offal;
drinks (freshly squeezed juices, green tea, tea from currant branches, raspberries, linden flowers, lemon balm).

Traditional medicine for extrasystole

The basis of non-traditional treatment for extrasystoles is the intake of infusions and decoctions, as well as taking baths from the following plants: wild rose, hawthorn, viburnum, mint, cornflower, calendula, lemon balm, shotgun, asparagus, valerian, adonis, horsetail, European zyuznik. You can add honey, propolis. To prepare a decoction, you need 1 teaspoon of raw materials in a glass of hot water. Infuse for 15 minutes, drink half an hour before meals, three times a day. One-time rate for 1/3 cup.

Another effective remedy is radish juice obtained with honey. To do this, you need to choose a larger radish, make a hole through the entire length. Put the radish on a glass and put honey in the hole. Drink the resulting liquid 2 times a day for a teaspoon. You can also get juice as follows: grate the radish, place the pulp in cheesecloth and squeeze out the juice. Add honey (keep the ratio 1:1).

Relaxing massage, clay therapy are good sedatives.

A positive result can be achieved only through regularity and after completing the full course of treatment (30 days).

Extrasystole is one of the most common types of arrhythmias associated with premature contraction of the ventricles. When identifying symptoms of pathology, a thorough diagnosis is necessary. If it does not confirm organic myocardial damage, then the disease is considered not life-threatening for the patient, but requires professional treatment to prevent possible complications.

Treatment of extrasystole at home is possible only in the initial stages of the disease. Since drugs have a certain burden on the patient's body, most experts prefer traditional medicine in the treatment of such malfunctions in the heart.

Attacks of extrasystole are most often manifested at bedtime in the position on the side. It is very important to recognize the disease in time and contact a specialist in a timely manner. Further treatment will directly depend on this.

With this disease, the patient may experience the following sensations:

heart beats;
slow rhythm, bradycardia;
unreasonable anxiety;
problems with respiratory function;
accelerated heart rate;
dyspnea;
there are pauses in the work of the heart.

In mild forms of the disease, the symptoms disappear with a change in body position.

It is important to know how to remove extrasystoles at home. If the patient does not plan to be treated and ignores such signs, then over time they can worsen, and more serious measures will be needed to eliminate them.

The nuances of treatment

If the onset of symptoms occurs on a regular basis, then they must be stopped with medication. Before you remove an attack of extrasystole at home, you should better familiarize yourself with the principles of action of the drugs.

Therapeutic therapy for the appearance of extraordinary heart contractions is divided into two types:

The use of traditional, officially approved medicines.
Treatment of extrasystoles with folk remedies.

The use of folk recipes is an effective and at the same time gentle method of eliminating the disease, but self-treatment of arrhythmic attacks can result in a number of side effects. Therefore, for safety reasons, it is necessary to visit a doctor before using home treatments.

Taking medications for extrasystole should be aimed at achieving the following results:

stabilization of the heart;
prevention of inflammatory processes in the myocardium;
calming effect.

Also, drugs should relieve pain and allow a person to quickly return to their usual rhythm of life. For productive treatment, the patient will have to follow a certain diet.

It involves the exclusion from the daily diet of the following products:

fried and smoked dishes;
spicy and salty foods;
hard-to-digest foods;
fat meat.

Treatment of extrasystoles at home: a review of folk recipes

Today, everyone can easily learn how to treat extrasystole of the heart at home thanks to the Internet. There are many interesting and proven recipes that people are willing to share.

Various decoctions, infusions and tinctures will help stabilize the work of the heart muscle, their effectiveness has been proven hundreds of years ago. The benefits of this treatment are clear:

has a significant therapeutic effect;
gently affects the body;
availability and low cost of ingredients;
can relieve pain.

Despite the seeming harmlessness of medicinal plants, it is undesirable to use them for self-treatment. Violation of the dosage when taking some herbs can cause allergic reactions. In addition, mild side effects from alternative therapy are quite possible in the presence of certain diseases.

Contributes to the normalization of the cardiovascular system, having a calming effect on the body. Valerian has long been used to treat diseases of the heart and nerves, which allows it to be used in the presence of the following signs of extrasystole:

Heart pain. Valerian contributes to the normalization of myocardial function, reducing the load on the organ and having a beneficial effect on blood vessels.
Sleep problems. Insomnia not only causes discomfort in the patient, provoking chronic fatigue, but also negatively affects the work of the cardiovascular system. The main muscular organ, which works without interruption, does not have the opportunity to restore its strength at night. The heart continues to function in a stressful mode around the clock and wears out faster.
Instability of the nervous system. Valerian is a good sedative that allows you to suppress anxiety during stressful situations.

For the treatment of extrasystole, it is best to use an infusion of the plant. To do this, a tablespoon of chopped valerian root is poured with a glass of water (boiling water). After the medicine, you need to let it brew for half an hour, strain and drink one tablespoon three times a day.

Given that the drug can cause increased drowsiness, you should not take it before driving or when working in hazardous industries.

To suppress arrhythmic symptoms, you can also use a ready-made pharmacy remedy - valerian tincture. The scheme of its reception is determined by the cardiologist.

Calendula

An infusion of calendula flowers allows you to stop medium and severe attacks of extrasystole. Properly prepared decoction not only eliminates the symptoms of the disease, but also restores the normal functioning of the cardiovascular system as a whole.

The plant contains a large number of useful substances, including:

calcium;
organic acids;
magnesium;
antioxidants.

Thanks to this composition, calendula infusion allows you to achieve the following effects:

normalization of the heart rhythm;
excretion of bile;
pressure stabilization;
sedative effect;
improvement of blood circulation in the myocardium.

The preparation of the infusion is carried out as follows:

30 g of dried calendula flowers are poured into 500 ml of boiling water.
Cover the container with a lid and insist for an hour.
Strain and drink after cooling to room temperature.

Reception is carried out three times a day for a quarter cup. The course of treatment is two weeks.

The main advantage of calendula is the effective elimination of arrhythmia attacks. In the process of exacerbation of the disease, it is necessary to drink the infusion every two hours for half a glass until the symptoms disappear completely. With low blood pressure, a preliminary consultation with a doctor is desirable.

Hawthorn

It is a powerful folk remedy used in the treatment of a number of diseases. With extraordinary cardiac contractile complexes, it is possible to take hawthorn in the form of decoctions and alcohol tinctures.

The last option will be the most effective. The tool allows you to stop attacks of various types of extrasystole, including supraventricular.

For cooking you will need:

15 g of dried berries are poured with 150 ml of vodka or alcohol.
Next, you need to insist the composition for two weeks, placing it in a dark, cool place.
The tincture is filtered, after which it becomes completely ready for use.

The remedy is taken three times a day, 10 drops, diluted in a small amount of water. The course of treatment with hawthorn tincture is a week. Experts advise taking one hour after eating. If consumed on an empty stomach, muscle spasm and vomiting may occur.

Hawthorn has a general strengthening effect on the body, since it contains zinc, iron, magnesium, a complex of vitamins and other useful substances. Taking this remedy in the treatment of extrasystole allows you to achieve the following effects:

normalization of the heart rate;
beneficial effect on the heart muscle;
improvement of blood circulation;
elimination of insomnia;
normalization of blood pressure;
beneficial effect on the nervous system;
increase in body tone.

Melissa

Very good remedy for the treatment of ventricular extrasystole. Melissa herb has a pronounced sedative effect and has a beneficial effect on the nervous system.

It is not only able to remove signs of arrhythmia, but also has the following properties:

painkiller;
anti-inflammatory;
disinfectant.

To prepare the infusion you need:

Pour 25 g of dried herb with two cups of boiling water.
Cover the product with a lid, wrap it with a blanket and insist for 3-4 hours.
Strain using a fine sieve (or cheesecloth folded in several layers).

To remove extrasystoles at home, you need to take the remedy twice a day instead of tea. To achieve a positive effect, the course of treatment is two to three months.

Melissa contains a number of useful components, such as selenium, zinc, copper and vitamin C, thanks to which the infusion of this plant allows you to achieve the following results:

improvement of cerebral circulation;
normalization of sleep;
pressure reduction;
beneficial effect on the immune system;
relief of spasms;
increasing stress resistance.

Melissa is not recommended for long-term use by men, as it can reduce sexual desire. In addition, the properties of the herb have an inhibitory effect on the reactions of the body. Therefore, the infusion should not be taken before important meetings or driving a car.

Adonis decoction

This remedy is characterized by a strong antiarrhythmic effect, which is explained by the high content of cardiac glycosides. Therefore, it is often used to stabilize the function of the heart. The decoction is prepared as follows:

30 g of dried adonis flowers are poured into boiling water (300 ml).
Cook, stirring, for about three minutes.
After removing from the stove, the container is wrapped in a towel and sent to a warm place for several hours.
After straining, the decoction should be taken twice a day, 50 ml.

The course of treatment is two weeks. If we are talking about an advanced form of the disease, then after a seven-day break, repeated therapy is carried out.

When using a decoction of adonis, it should be remembered that this plant is conditionally poisonous, and therefore, in case of an overdose, lethargy, drowsiness, nausea and even vomiting are possible. Since the remedy has an irritating effect on the mucous membrane of the digestive tract, its use is not recommended for people with peptic ulcers, gastritis.

horsetail infusion

The weakening of the myocardium is one of the main reasons for the development of extrasystole. To strengthen the heart muscle, you can use physical exercises and the use of horsetail tincture. Procurement of raw materials is carried out in the summer. To do this, the grass is cut obliquely and dried in the open air. It contains flavonoids, tannins, oils, carotene, calcium, magnesium, potassium, etc.

Reception of infusion of horsetail allows you to achieve the following effects:

strengthening of the vascular walls;
elimination of toxins;
pressure drop.

The instructions for preparing the drug are very simple: you need to pour a tablespoon of herbs with 750 ml of boiling water. After that, you need to insist the composition for 3-4 hours. For the treatment of atrial extrasystole, the infusion is taken at least 5 times a day, 15 ml each.

Horsetail can adversely affect the kidneys. Therefore, its reception is contraindicated in persons who have been diagnosed with nephritis, nephrosis and other diseases of the urinary system.

Infusion of lumbago

How can supraventricular extrasystole be treated at home? Having an astringent, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effect, this remedy copes well with the manifestations of this pathology. For its preparation it is necessary:

Take two teaspoons of herbs and pour 200 ml of chilled boiled water.
Leave for 12 hours.
Strain.

For the treatment of extrasystole, 75 ml of infusion should be taken three times a day before meals. People suffering from diseases of the gastrointestinal tract or urinary system, it is advisable not to drink this remedy.

The above decoctions, infusions and tinctures allow the patient to recover from infrequent and mild attacks of extrasystole at home and return to the usual human rhythm for life. Their use should be agreed with the doctor without fail, specifying the dosage and method of application. Otherwise, complications of the disease are possible.

In the treatment of extrasystole of organic origin, it is necessary to initially treat the underlying disease that led to the arrhythmia, that is, the cause (coronary heart disease, hypertension, myocardial infarction, inflammatory and degenerative myocardial diseases, thyrotoxicosis).

Adverse factors

In the treatment of functional extrasystoles, it is necessary to eliminate provoking factors, such as stress, smoking, drinking alcohol, strong tea and coffee, and heavy physical exertion.

With functional extrasystole, provoking factors must be avoided.

Factors provoking extrasystole

Alcohol
Smoking

Preparations for the treatment of extrasystoles

In the treatment of extrasystole in official medicine four groups of antiarrhythmic drugs are used. These drugs act on conductive and contractile cells.

Membrane stabilizers

It includes the following drugs: novocainamide, lidocaine, propafenone (ritmonorm), etatsizin.

Novocainamide is used mainly in hospitals in intensive care units, is administered intravenously to stop paroxysms of ventricular tachycardia. Lidocaine is also administered intravenously. It is used for ventricular extrasystoles associated with acute myocardial infarction.

With functional extrasystole without pronounced clinical manifestations, drugs are not prescribed.

The rest of the drugs are prescribed in tablet forms. Propafenone practically does not slow down the heart rate, therefore it is the drug of choice for ventricular extrasystole, combined with bradycardia (a tendency to a rare pulse).

Beta-adrenergic blockers

In the treatment of extrasystoles, selective beta-blockers are used: concor (bisoprolol), sotalol. Their main disadvantage is their side effect, such as an increase in heart rate.

If you have extrasystole combined with a rare pulse, then you cannot take beta-blockers.

Potassium channel blockers

The main representative of this group is cordarone (amiodarone). The use of cordarone is also limited, since the molecule of this drug contains iodine (31% of the mass of the amiodarone molecule), that is, it can lead to amiodarone thyrotoxicosis (an increase in the level of thyroid hormones in the blood). The incidence of this side effect varies up to 4-5%. Amiodarone is also not prescribed for already existing dysfunction.

calcium channel antagonists

These drugs (verapamil, diltiazem) reduce the heart rate to a lesser extent, therefore it is the main drug in the treatment of atrial extrasitolia, combined with a normal or rare pulse.

To drugs that affect the rhythm of the heart, include drugs that contain potassium and magnesium - panangin, asparkam, potassium chloride.

potassium chloride often administered intravenously as part of a “polarizing mixture”, which also includes insulin and 250 ml of a 5% glucose solution.

How to cure functional extrasystole

With functional extrasystoles recommend taking sedatives (tincture of valerian, motherwort). With a combination of this heart rhythm disturbance and pronounced ones, the doctor can give you advice on taking tranquilizers (diazepam, sibazon). Sometimes, a visit to a psychotherapist leads to the cure of functional extrasystole.

Extrasystole ventricular

In the treatment, potassium and magnesium preparations are used. Drug Therapy:

Propafenone (150 mg three times a day, with inefficiency, the dose is increased to 300 mg three times a day);
Etatsizin also three times a day, 1 tablet;
Sotalol twice a day, 80 mg;
Amiodarone 800 - 1600 mg / day until the effect is achieved, and then 200 mg / day;
Concor (initial dose of 2.5 mg per day, then it increases under the control of heart rate).

Atrial extrasystole

The indication for treatment is frequent atrial extrasystole and the risk of atrial fibrillation. Potassium and magnesium preparations are also used; verapamil 240 mg daily dose divided into three doses; etatsizin 1 tablet three times a day; concor.

Drugs used to treat extrasystoles can have an arrhythmogenic effect, that is, they themselves provoke arrhythmia. Therefore, the dose of each specific drug is selected only by a doctor!

The arrhythmogenic effect of antiarrhythmic drugs is common (from 1 to 12% of patients). This action is not associated with an overdose of the drug.

Electrolyte imbalance (especially potassium and magnesium in cardiomyocytes) is essential for the development of arrhythmias when using antiarrhythmic drugs.

Based on the foregoing, it is necessary to do without taking antiarrhythmic drugs whenever possible. The use of these drugs is justified only in three cases:

In life-threatening conditions.
Organic heart disease is combined with a large number of extrasystoles.
With the appearance of severe symptoms and complaints in the patient.

What is radiofrequency ablation?

RFA is prescribed for:

frequent ventricular extrasystole, which is not amenable to drug treatment.
frequent atrial extrasystole, complicated by atrial fibrillation.

RF ablation- this is a therapeutic effect on pathological foci in the myocardium, which are the source of extrasystole. The impact is carried out using electromagnetic radiation, which destroys these foci. But in order to destroy them, you must first determine where the pathological focus is located. For this, an EFI (electrophysiological study of the heart) is performed. EFI is performed in the same way as electrocardiography, but it has additional leads that allow you to accurately determine the source of extrasystole. Thus, the doctor determines whether there is a pathological focus in the right or left ventricles, in the right or left atria.

One of the varieties of palpitations is called extrasystole. It occurs even in small children. How to treat extrasystole, what causes this ailment, what are the features of its treatment? You will find answers to these questions in this article.

Characteristics of the disease

Extrasystole of the heart is a type of arrhythmia, in which extraordinary contractions of this organ are observed. It is the most common type of heart rhythm disorder. The contractions themselves are called extrasystoles. Failures are a consequence of the fact that premature excitation occurs in the myocardium (or some of its departments). During the work of a healthy heart, electrical impulses are generated in a certain section of the heart, which is called the sinus node. The heartbeat remains normal. With extrasystole, excitation signals to the myocardium come from areas located outside the sinus node. As a result, the heart contracts ahead of time, then there is a pause, which can be compared with fading, and later the next beat occurs. There are several varieties of extrasystole, each of them is described below.

The reasons

What causes such a disease as extrasystole? The causes of the disease can be varied. Here are the main factors:

emotional overstrain;
frequent intake of alcoholic beverages;
smoking;
hypertension, or high blood pressure;
abuse of energy drinks, coffee and strong tea;
physical fatigue;
hormonal changes in the female body during pregnancy or menopause.

The first four causes in this list cause the so-called functional extrasystoles, which do not need treatment and are eliminated on their own after the exposure to the factor stops. Sometimes the violation is a consequence of eating, which is not at all dangerous. It also happens that atrioventricular extrasystole makes itself felt during sleep. This suggests that the cause of it is the effect on the work of the heart of the vagus nerve. This picture is often observed in diseases of the intestines, esophagus, gallbladder, prostate cancer, pathologies of the uterus. Frequent extrasystole may be the result of various diseases of the cardiovascular system, in such cases it is called organic. In the heart muscle (myocardium), in this case, an area of electrical inhomogeneity appears. This condition can be caused by such pathologies:

heart disease, which is accompanied by necrosis and ischemia;
inflammatory and degenerative changes in the myocardium;
toxic effect of drugs, for example, when taking cardiac glycosides;
endogenous, or internal, intoxications caused by infectious and somatic diseases - hepatitis, thyrotoxicosis and others.

Extrasystole in children can be observed both at rest and as a result of exercise. This may be due to overwork of the child's body.

Types of disease by the number of foci of excitation

Extrasystole, the causes of which are discussed above, has several varieties. Polytopic extrasystole is characterized by the presence of several foci of excitation in the heart. This is a rather dangerous type of disorder that can turn into a fatal arrhythmia. If an electrical impulse occurs in one place, then the extrasystole is called monotopic. It also happens that the correct, systolic focus of excitation coexists with the focus that causes extrasystole, which in this case will be called parasystole.

Types of the disease at the location of the foci of excitation

Depending on the location of the foci of the appearance of impulses, two types of extrasystole are distinguished:

supraventricular;
ventricular.

The first type includes atrioventricular and atrial extrasystoles. Supraventricular extrasystole is observed in both adults and children. At the same time, this type of arrhythmia, caused by functional factors, is quite common in children and people under 50 years of age. In this case, the resulting extrasystoles are mostly single, and the heart rate is characterized by bradycardia (slow pulse, beats per minute less than normal). In patients older than 50 years, organic supraventricular extrasystole is most common, which is characterized by multiple extrasystoles. At this age, arrhythmia is accompanied mainly by tachycardia or an increase in heart rate. Supraventricular extrasystole is often observed even in healthy newborn babies.

Atrial extrasystole is characterized by the following movement of the impulse: atrium (here it occurs) → up into the sinus node → down again into the ventricle. This is the rarest type of heart rhythm disturbance, and its cause is, as a rule, organic damage to this vital organ: coronary heart disease, mitral valve prolapse, pericarditis, congestive heart failure. However, functional causes can also be factors in the development of atrial extrasystole. These include intoxication, alcohol, coffee, etc. In patients with mitral valve pathology, atrial extrasystole can be regarded as a condition preceding the development of atrial fibrillation.

Atrioventricular extrasystole is a rare type of arrhythmia. It is characterized by the fact that the impulse occurs in the tissue of the conduction system located at the border of the ventricles and atria. Such extrasystole is called supraventricular. The movement of the signal can be carried out as follows: from the atrioventricular node → down to the ventricles → to the atria → to the sinus node. The consequence of such a violation is that the blood that enters the atria will return back to the veins. Atrioventricular extrasystole has three options:

excitation in the atria occurs earlier than in the ventricles (this variety differs little from atrial extrasystole);
the formation of an impulse in the ventricles precedes its appearance in the atria;
simultaneous excitation of the right and left sides of the heart.

Ventricular extrasystole, the treatment and diagnosis of which requires special care and accuracy, is the most common type of heart rhythm failure. For the movement of the electrical impulse in the ventricles, a part of the conduction system of the heart, which is called the legs of the bundle of His, is responsible. So, with ventricular extrasystole, foci of excitation can form in any of its places, without being transmitted to the atria. The danger of this disorder is that it often transforms into ventricular tachycardia, in which sudden attacks of rapid ventricular contraction occur, and acute heart failure can become a serious complication. Ventricular extrasystole is also dangerous during a heart attack, since foci of excitation are born in the myocardium, and the more extensive the heart attack, the greater the number of impulse foci can occur. A complication in this case is the flickering of the ventricles.

Symptoms

So, quite a lot of varieties have such a disease as extrasystole. Symptoms of the disease depend on its type. For example, a single atrial extrasystole may not cause patient complaints and manifest itself as rare individual heartbeats. With frequent or group extrasystoles, the signs are:

increased heartbeat;
regular shortness of breath;
angina;
fatigue, muscle weakness.

Why is extrasystole dangerous? Symptoms of some forms of the disease can progress to heart failure. Timely diagnosis and adequate treatment of extrasystole (and each type of this disorder) is of great importance, since the disease is insidious with its complications. This is especially true for some types of extrasystole, which are caused by pathologies of the heart. The most undesirable complication in this case is fibrillation - ineffectual contractions of the heart that occur chaotically and lead to death. Ventricular extrasystole is manifested by fading of the heart, a feeling of interruptions in its work and rare dizziness. The last symptom is due to the fact that blood is ejected from the ventricle with insufficient force during its premature contraction.

Extrasystole and osteochondrosis

Heart rhythm disturbances often develop against the background of osteochondrosis. This disease is characterized by pinching of the motor and sensory nerves emerging from the spinal cord. Extrasystole in osteochondrosis in most cases occurs as a consequence of stress and anxiety, dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system and severe pain of the patient. In addition, arrhythmia may appear due to the patient taking drugs for the treatment of osteochondrosis: among the side effects of taking certain medications, there is extrasystole. In such cases, you can cope with heart rhythm disturbances if you replace the drug and use painkillers and tranquilizers.

Extrasystole and pregnancy

Women who are preparing to become mothers may experience any of the above types of extrasystoles. The main reason for this is hormonal changes in the body of a pregnant woman. Many women are afraid, believing that extrasystole is a contraindication to childbirth. If there are no pathologies of the heart, then there is nothing to be afraid of. To eliminate arrhythmias, a calm psychological environment and the absence of physical and mental overwork are sufficient. Observed by a cardiologist during the entire period of pregnancy should be those expectant mothers whose extrasystole is a consequence of any heart disease.

Currently, doctors can measure the heart rate of a developing fetus. Often, arrhythmia is also detected in a child, while the occurrence of extrasystoles more often than every 10 heart beats is considered a deviation from the norm.

Diagnostics

Before prescribing treatment for extrasystole, its diagnosis is carried out. First of all, the doctor examines the patient's complaints - patients often note a feeling of constriction in the region of the heart and fading during strokes. After that, the most important way to diagnose this type of arrhythmia is electrocardiography. Extrasystole is clearly visible on the cardiogram - it is indicated by increased intervals between the nearest contractions.

In order to prescribe the correct treatment for extrasystole, another diagnostic method is used - ultrasound. This method, for example, detects the presence of scarring after a heart attack or fibrous valvular lesions. In this case, extrasystole is considered secondary. In such cases, the cardiologist builds a treatment plan in accordance with the underlying heart disease. As a rule, with adequate therapy, the main problem of extrasystole disappears. In addition, it is necessary to conduct studies of the hormonal state of the body in order to identify or exclude disorders and changes in the functioning of the endocrine system, for example, the thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism). Such analyzes are especially necessary for women.

When should you go to the doctor?

A trip to the cardiologist's office should not be postponed if you often feel chest discomfort, uneven heart function, constant noticeable tremors and fading, and a short stop. These symptoms indicate either a certain type of extrasystole, or another disease. In any case, it is necessary to identify the cause in order to eliminate it in a timely manner and prevent possible complications. If fluctuations in the work of the heart bother you often and regularly, an appeal to a cardiologist is a must.

Treatment with drugs

Treatment of atrioventricular extrasystole is mandatory for its organic varieties, that is, when a rhythm failure is caused by a disease present in the body. If the arrhythmia is functional, then no drugs are prescribed to eliminate it. It is enough to reconsider the mode of work, rest more, limit physical activity, eliminate sources of stress and overstrain, give up bad habits, sleep at least 8 hours a day, lose extra pounds and adhere to the rules of a healthy diet. Antiarrhythmic drugs are indicated for intolerance of symptoms, at risk of developing ventricular fibrillation, with too frequent heart contractions. The latter phenomenon often causes the patient to be hospitalized.

Before prescribing the drug, the cardiologist carefully studies the etiology of the disorder and the frequency of contractions. Of the drugs, beta-blockers are primarily prescribed. Among them are "Betaxolol", "Propranol", "Metoprolol" and others. After taking these drugs, calcium antagonists are indicated (such medicines have the property of reducing atrioventricular conduction, thereby blocking the occurrence of a focus of excitation), for example, Verapamil. Antiarrhythmic drugs are used after treatment with the first two groups of drugs, while the attending physician may choose Disopyramide, Propafenone, Allapinin, or another remedy.

Ventricular extrasystole. Treatment of this type of disease is not carried out with medicines, but with a healthy lifestyle. Antiarrhythmic drugs may be needed only when the disorder becomes stable. Of the funds often used intravenously "Lidocaine", "Novokaiamid". Beta-blockers for ventricular extrasystole are used at the discretion of the cardiologist, while measures to eliminate the underlying disease that caused the heart arrhythmia are considered important. Attacks of extrasystole can be caused by various factors - overfilling of the stomach or severe stress. In the latter case, taking antidepressants, tranquilizers helps. If the sensations are strong, call the doctor, as this may be a manifestation of a more dangerous disease. Atrial extrasystole is overcome with class 1A antiarrhythmic drugs (Disopyramide, Quinidine sulfate) and class 1C (Etmozin, Flecainide) in combination with calcium antagonists (Verapamil). The most insidious is considered frequent extrasystole. If treatment with medications does not bring positive results, then surgical intervention is considered an alternative option. The operation is called radiofrequency catheter ablation and is a fairly effective and safe way to eliminate extrasystole. Ventricular extrasystole, the treatment of which is carried out correctly, passes and no longer causes concern.

Folk remedies

Treatment of extrasystole with folk remedies should by no means be considered as the main therapy for the disease. We bring to your attention several recipes, the use of which is an auxiliary method of overcoming the problem.

There are still a huge number of recipes for dealing with extrasystole, but you must remember that they should never replace the treatment prescribed by a cardiologist.

Nutrition for extrasystoles

It is important to include plenty of potassium-rich foods in your diet. Eat beans, dried apricots, seaweed, prunes, persimmons, potatoes (very useful carefully washed baked right with the skin), walnuts and pine nuts, cereals. Completely exclude coffee, alcoholic drinks, energy drinks, Coca-Cola from the menu. It is better to give preference to green tea, herbal decoctions, compotes from fruits and berries. Of great benefit will be the use of a mixture of honey, figs, raisins, dried apricots and nuts. Eat this salad three times a day, 1-2 teaspoons. If extrasystole has already been diagnosed, then the attending physician prescribes a special diet enriched with magnesium and potassium. In the treatment of extrasystole, foods high in animal fats, spicy dishes, and sweets are not recommended.

Important

Remember that self-medication for violations of the heart (as well as for all other diseases) is fraught with dangerous consequences. The first step that you should take when experiencing symptoms of extrasystoles is to visit a cardiologist.

Drug treatment of extrasystolic arrhythmia, despite the large number of antiarrhythmic drugs, does not always work. However, there are also some successes. For example, the decrease in mortality in myocardial infarction to 17-18% in the best domestic and foreign clinics is primarily associated with the successful treatment of arrhythmias in general, including extrasystolic arrhythmias.

If found extrasystole of rest (vagal), it is often enough to eliminate it by introducing atropine sulfate (subcutaneously 0.5-1 ml of a 0.1% solution or inside). At tension extrasystole (symptomatic) it is necessary to prescribe antiadrenergic drugs, primarily beta-blockers: anaprilin and its analogues inderal and obzidan 0.005-0.01 g intravenously or 2-4 tablets (0.02-0.08 g) per day inside; oxyprenolol or trazicor 0.002 g intravenously or 2-4 tablets (0.04-0.08 g) per day orally; whisken intravenously at 0.0002-0.001 g or 3-6 tablets (0.015-0.03 g) per day inside; benzodixine (orally 0.025-0.05 g 4 times a day), cordan (orally 0.05 g 2-3 times a day), etc.

Beta-blockers in ectopic arrhythmias have an antiadrenergic (adrenolytic) effect and a stabilizing effect on the cell membranes of the heart. However, side effects are also possible: a negative inotropic effect, a decrease in blood pressure, and a decrease in heart rate. With heart blockade, bronchial asthma, severe heart failure, beta-blockers are contraindicated.

Of the antiadrenergic drugs, ornid is used (intramuscularly, 0.3-1.5 ml of a 5% solution 2-3 times a day in bed rest, since orthostatic hypotension is possible), amiodarone or cordarone (stream or drip from 0.3- 0.45 g to 0.6-1.2 g, orally in tablets of 0.2 g 2-3 times a day). Ornid does not have a negative inotropic effect on the myocardium, can be used in ectopic rhythm, combined with impaired conduction, ventricular extrasystoles. Amiodarone is both an alpha- and beta-blocker, capable of blocking receptors that are sensitive to glucagon and, to a lesser extent, to adrenaline. As a result, bradycardia often develops. Effective for ventricular and supraventricular extrasystoles.

Close to this group of drugs used for tension extrasystole, verapamil (Isoptin). Assign it intravenously at 0.005 g (2 ml of a 0.25% solution) or inside at 0.04 g (one tablet) 2-3 times a day. Previously, it was believed that its antiarrhythmic effect in ectopic rhythms is associated with beta-adrenergic blocking action. However, then it turned out that it is a selective calcium antagonist, which is the reason for the antiarrhythmic effect of verapamil.

Finally, with tension extrasystole, cardiac glycosides with a pronounced bradycardic effect (digoxin, digitoxin, celanide, etc.) can be used.

With extrasystole of various origins, potassium salts are used, more often in the form of a polarizing mixture of the original or modified composition (intravenous drip mixture of 2-3 g of potassium chloride, 250 or 500 ml of 5% glucose solution and 8-10 units of insulin, often with the addition of thiamine chloride and pyridoxine hydrochloride, strophanthin, and sometimes 10-20 ml of 25% magnesium sulfate), panangin or tromkardin (a mixture of potassium and magnesium asparginate 10-20 ml intravenously in 250-500 ml of 5% glucose solution). Potassium preparations can also be administered orally; potassium salts up to 6-12 g per day in the form of a 5-10% solution, panangin and tromkardin up to 4-8 tablets per day. The drugs are especially indicated for hypokalemia, more effective for ventricular than for supraventricular (atrioventricular and atrial) extrasystoles.

Membranosuppressants, primarily quinidine, are among the most active antiarrhythmic drugs.

Quinidine is an alkaloid found in cinchona bark. The mechanism of its influence is due to a number of factors. Quinidine not only affects the membrane (intracellular retention of potassium ions and an increase in sodium concentration on the outside of the cell membrane), but also suppresses the function of the vagus nerve, leads to pronounced changes in protein and carbohydrate metabolism, reduces the uptake of glucose by the heart muscle, inhibits anaerobic glycolysis, reduces saturation myocardial oxygen.

With extrasystole, usually 0.1 g is prescribed 4-5 times a day; with good tolerance, the dose can be increased to 0.2 g per dose. After the disappearance of extrasystoles, in order to avoid relapse, apply 0.1-0.05 g 2-3 times a day for one week or more.

With increased sensitivity to the drug (idiosyncrasy), pregnancy, pronounced decompensation, prescribing quinidine is contraindicated.

Due to the fact that 90% of the drug is excreted by the kidneys, therapeutic doses in case of insufficiency of kidney function may be toxic.

With prolonged use of quinidine, thrombocytopenia occasionally develops (even with bleeding), hemolytic anemia, and therefore it is necessary to do control blood tests.

Another quinidine preparation is quinidindurules, quinidine bisulfate enclosed in an insoluble porous matrix. When such a tablet (durula) is taken orally, the active substance gradually dissolves and is absorbed evenly along the digestive apparatus, which ensures a constant concentration of the drug in the blood for about 12 hours. It is produced in tablets (durula) of 0.2 g. The daily dose ranges from 0 .4 to 1.2 g, supporting - 0.2-0.6 g.

Of the drugs of quinine-like action, novocainamide, aymalin, pulse-norm, xicaine, trimecaine, difenin, ethmozine, mexitil and disopyramide deserve attention.

The most important pharmacological feature of novocainamide is its ability to reduce the excitability and conductivity of the heart muscle and suppress the formation of impulses in ectopic foci of automatism. It has an effect similar to quinidine, but weaker than the latter by about 6 times. Like quinidine, procainamide increases the refractory period of the atrial and ventricular myocardium, lengthens the time of impulse conduction. The transmembrane potential changes in the same way as with the introduction of quinidine.

Novocainamide is prescribed intravenously and intramuscularly (5 ml of a 10% solution) and inside 0.5-1.0 g 3-4 times a day. More effective with ventricular than with supraventricular extrasystoles.

In renal failure, the drug should be administered with caution. Side effects are possible: nausea, vomiting, fever, leukopenia, lymphadenopathy, lupus erythematosus syndrome, convulsions, atrioventricular and intraventricular conduction disorders, with increased sensitivity - eosinophilia, urticaria, agranulocytosis.

The drug should not be prescribed for heart blockade, sudden sclerotic changes in the heart and blood vessels, severe heart failure.

Aymalin (arithmal, gilurithmal, tahmalin) is an alkaloid found in some types of rauwolfia. The antiarrhythmic effect of the drug is due to a decrease in the rate of depolarization and a slowdown in the time of repolarization of myocardial cells, as well as a lengthening of the absolute and relative refractory periods and an increase in the time of impulse conduction. Aimaline, like quinidine, has a membrane-stabilizing effect and inhibits ion exchange through the cell membrane of the muscle fiber, making it difficult for potassium to leave the cell and sodium to enter the cell.

The drug has a high therapeutic efficacy in atrial and ventricular extrasystoles (in 90% of cases), arrhythmias caused by cardiac glycosides.

Aymalin practically does not reduce blood pressure and does not increase the effects of heart failure, which compares favorably with beta-blockers, quinidine and novocainamide. This allows it to be widely used in myocardial infarction. The negative property of aymalin is its rapid excretion from the body. Assign intravenously and intramuscularly, 2 ml of a 2.5% solution in threatening conditions with polytopic or group extrasystoles during heart surgery, catheterization or myocardial infarction. In other cases, patients take Aymalin in tablets of 0.05 g up to 4-6 times a day.

In violation of atrioventricular and ventricular conduction, Aymalin is contraindicated.

On the basis of aymalin, a complex preparation pulse-norm is produced, consisting of 0.03 g of aymalin, 0.025 g of spartein sulfate, 0.05 g of antazoline hydrochloride, which has antiarrhythmic, antihistamine and local anesthetic properties, and 0.005 g of phenobarbital. The main active principle is aymaline, the effect of which is enhanced by other components of the pulse rate.

The drug is effective in the treatment of patients with persistent extrasystole. Side effects are not very pronounced, so the pulse rate is prescribed for patients with myocardial infarction. Basically, the drug is used for planned antiarrhythmic therapy.

At the beginning of treatment, the drug is prescribed 2 tablets 3-4 times a day, and then for a long time 1 tablet 2-3 times a day.

This group of drugs includes xicaine (lidocaine hydrochloride). According to the mechanism of action and structure, it is similar to novocainamide, it has, like novocaine, an anesthetic effect. With the introduction of xicaine, the excitability and conduction of the ventricles is suppressed, and the refractory period is lengthened. The action occurs 1-1.5 minutes after intravenous administration and stops after 10-20 minutes.

Administered intravenously in drops of 0.25-0.5 g (not more than 0.3 g per 1 hour) with ventricular extrasystole. The daily dose should not exceed 0.75 g.

Xicaine can also be administered intramuscularly every 10-20 minutes, 0.2-0.25 g under constant ECG monitoring.

Possible side effects: dizziness, drowsiness, lethargy, diplopia, confusion, muscle twitching, disorientation, euphoria, respiratory depression, convulsions and hypotension.

In terms of chemical properties and pharmacological effect, trimecaine is close to xicaine. In addition to the quinidine-like action, it has a local anesthetic. As an antiarrhythmic agent, 0.15-0.3 g (2-3 ml of 0.5 and 1% solution) up to 1 g per day is used intravenously in a stream and drip. Trimecaine is most effective in ventricular extrasystole (in 76-81.4% of cases), somewhat less effective in atrial extrasystoles (in 68.7-75% of cases).

The same group of drugs includes difenin, the total effect of which as an antiarrhythmic agent is due to the depression of myocardial fibers.

Assign mainly inside in tablets (0.1 g each) 4 times a day, together with phenobarbital (0.02 g each), which helps to reduce the toxic properties of difenin. Applied with supraventricular and ventricular extrasystoles, intoxication with cardiac glycosides, extrasystoles that occur during anesthesia, cardiac catheterization, coronary angiography, after heart surgery.

Side effects: dizziness, agitation, fever, difficulty breathing, nausea, vomiting, tremor, ataxia, etc. In diseases of the liver, kidneys, cardiac decompensation, difenin is contraindicated.

Etmozin is a relatively new antiarrhythmic drug, similar in mechanism of action to quinidine, it also gives a moderate coronary dilating, antispasmodic and M-anticholinergic effect. Unlike quinidine, which depresses all functions of the heart, etmozine slightly slows down the conduction of the heart muscle and has almost no effect on myocardial contractility. Atrial and ventricular extrasystoles are best treated with ethmosin, especially as a result of digitalis intoxication.

Assign in tablets of 0.025 g 3 times a day. With good tolerance (absence of dyspeptic phenomena), the dose should be increased: for the relief of atrial extrasystole - up to 0.2-0.3 g per day, ventricular - up to 0.4-0.6 g per day (in tablets of 0.1 g ). The duration of treatment is at least 7-15 days (if necessary, up to 4-6 weeks). The drug can also be administered intramuscularly (2 ml of a 2.5% solution diluted in 1-2 ml of a 0.25-0.5% novocaine solution) and intravenously (2 ml of a 2.5% solution diluted in 10 ml of an isotonic solution sodium chloride or in 10 ml of 5% glucose solution) slowly over 3-4 minutes.

In severe violations of the conduction of the heart muscle, functional inferiority of the liver and kidneys, ethmozine is contraindicated.

Mexitil is a new antiarrhythmic drug, similar in chemical properties and pharmacological action to xycaine. Suppresses ventricular extrasystoles, including those resistant to xicaine, quinidine, novocainamide and other drugs. As an antiarrhythmic drug, it is more active than etmozin, but much more toxic than the latter.

Assign drip intravenously (0.25 g in 100 ml of 5% glucose solution) or jet (in the same dose), followed by inside (an average of 0.2-0.25 g every 6-8 hours).

Disopyramide (ritmodan) has a quinine-like effect, eliminates both supraventricular and ventricular extrasystoles. Does not slow down normal and slow sinus rhythm, so it can be used for bradycardia.

Ritmodan can be used to treat extrasystole in myocardial infarction. Assign 1 capsule 3 to 6 times a day.

Relative contraindications to its use are a violation of atrioventricular and intraventricular conduction.

As with tension extrasystoles, beta-blockers (anaprilin and its analogues inderal and obzidan, oxprenolol or trazikor, visken), ornid, amiodarone, verapamil (isoptin) and cardiac glycosides are widely used for extrasystoles of various origins.

Of course, it is difficult for a doctor to navigate in such a number of antiarrhythmic drugs. When choosing a drug, it is necessary to take into account the nature of the disease, concomitant lesions, the cause of extrasystole (functional vagal or sympathetic, associated with hypokalemia, arising from damage to the heart muscle and the influence of extracardiac nerves, etc.), localization and severity of extrasystole, etc. When taking into account all these factors, you can always choose the 2-3 most appropriate antiarrhythmic drugs for emergency care and active treatment of extrasystolic arrhythmias.

In cases of group, polytopic, frequent extrasystoles that disrupt hemodynamics and are dangerous for the possibility of transition to paroxysmal tachycardia, atrial fibrillation and ventricular fibrillation, the doctor's tactics when prescribing antiarrhythmic drugs should be the same or almost the same as with an attack of paroxysmal tachycardia. In addition, one should choose drugs with the most pronounced and rapid antiarrhythmic effect, administer them parenterally rather than orally, and follow the order of injections. So, novocainamide, beta-blockers, verapamil (Isoptin), amiodarone, aimalin, xicaine (lidocaine), trimecaine against the background of potassium salts or panangin are most often used, cardiac glycosides are often prescribed simultaneously. With persistent extrasystole, quinidine and other drugs are used.

Simultaneously with the symptomatic treatment of arrhythmias, a comprehensive treatment of the underlying disease is carried out.

Prof. A.I. Gritsyuk

"Emergency care for extrasystole, drugs, treatment regimens" section