How many channels are in the upper and lower teeth. How many roots does a wisdom tooth and indigenous

It is possible to correctly determine the number of canals in a tooth only with the help of an x-ray. Of course, their number depends on where the tooth is located - with a greater chewing load on the teeth in the back of the jaws and the holding system is stronger, respectively, they are larger, have more roots and channels. However, this is a variable indicator, and it does not mean that the upper or lower incisors will have only one canal, it all depends on the individual characteristics of the structures of the jaw of each person. Therefore, how many canals in a diseased tooth require filling, the dentist will be able to determine at autopsy or using X-rays.

Percentage calculation

Due to the fact that each person is individual and there are no clear norms and rules for determining how many channels in the teeth, in dentistry data on this issue are given as a percentage. Initially, they are repelled because the same teeth of the upper and lower jaws are very different from each other. If the first three upper incisors in almost one hundred percent of cases have only one canal, then with the same teeth of the lower jaw everything is much more complicated, and they have approximately the following percentage:

In the first incisor, most often there is only one canal - this is in 70% of cases from the total statistics, and only in 30% there can be two;
The second tooth, in almost equal proportion, can have both one and two canals, or rather, a ratio of 56% to 44%;
The third incisor of the lower jaw almost always has only one canal, and only in 6% of cases there can be two.

Premolars have a larger structure, there is already more pressure and load on them, so it is logical to assume that there are more channels in the tooth, however, not everything is so simple here. For example, in the fourth tooth of the upper jaw, only 9% of teeth have one canal, in 6% of cases there may even be three of them, but the rest are most often found with two. But at the same time, the next premolar (fifth tooth), which seems to be under an even stronger load, most often has one canal and only in some cases more (of which only 1% falls on three branches).

At the same time, the situation is completely different in the lower jaw - the first and second premolars do not meet three-channel at all, and most often they have only one canal (74% - four and 89% - five) and only in 26% of cases for four and 11% for five - two.

The molars are already larger and the number of canals is still increasing. Sixes of the upper jaw with equal probability can have both three and four branches. On the lower jaw, a two-channel tooth can sometimes also be found (usually not more often than in 6% of cases), but most often there are three channels (65%) and sometimes four.

Posterior molars usually have the following relationship:

Top seven: 70 to 30% three and four channels;
Bottom seven: 13 to 77% two and three channels.

The figure eight or wisdom tooth is quite unique and does not meet standards and statistics. The upper one can have a completely different structure with channels from one to five. The bottom eight is most often three-channel, however, often additional branches can be found during autopsy during treatment.

Among other things, a wisdom tooth differs from others in that its canals are quite rarely of the correct shape, often very curved and with a narrow course, which greatly complicates their treatment and filling.

Misconception

Since the tooth consists of roots and precoronal part, sometimes there is an erroneous opinion that there are as many canals in the teeth as there are roots. This is far from being the case, because the channels quite often branch and bifurcate near the pulp. Moreover, several channels can run parallel to each other in one root. There are also cases of their bifurcation at the apex, due to which it turns out that one root has two tops and this, of course, complicates the work of doctors when filling such teeth.

Given all the features of the individual structure of the teeth, dentists need to be very careful when treating and filling, so as not to miss any branch. After all, sometimes without an x-ray it is very difficult to reveal how many channels are in the teeth even at autopsy.

Treatment

The development of modern medicine and dentistry in particular today makes it possible to more often save those diseased teeth that had to be removed yesterday due to the impossibility of treatment. Root canal treatment procedure in the teeth itself is quite complex, because they are filled with soft tissue - the pulp, which contains a large number of nerve endings, blood vessels and other connective tissues. Today, this is done by a separate section of dentistry - endodontics, the development of which makes it possible to improve the condition of a person's teeth and cure even complex problems in more than 80% of cases, while preserving the tooth itself.

The goals of this treatment are:

Removal of a developing infection inside the root system;
Prevention of pulp decay or its removal;
Removal of infected dentin;
Preparation of the canal for filling (giving it the desired shape);
Increasing the effect of the action of drugs.

The complexity of such treatment of the root system is that the dentist is quite difficult to get to diseased canals and control the process. After all, if even a microscopic part of the infection is not removed, it can develop again after a while.

One of the main indicators for such treatment is the inflammatory process, which leads to damage to the soft tissues of the pulp inside the canals. Most often, various diseases such as caries and pulpitis lead to this, but canal treatment may also be needed for periodontitis.

The first symptoms of the need for such treatment are pain in the tooth or swelling of the gums. However, it should be borne in mind that in the case of the transition of the disease to the chronic stage, pain may not be observed, and the disease develops and eventually leads to tooth loss. This is why it is so important to have regular preventive check-ups with your dentist.

The process and stages of root canal treatment

The process of root canal treatment has a clear sequence of steps:

If the doctor has any doubts (usually this happens when the tooth is in an uncomfortable position and the instruments are difficult to access) - he placing a temporary filling, after which he sends the patient for an x-ray, according to the photo of which he checks whether he has removed all the infection and whether he has cleaned all the channels. The permanent filling is then placed about two weeks after that.

This whole procedure, of course, is not very pleasant, but it allows you to save the tooth. Its duration depends on the location of the tooth, the number of channels in it, the complexity of the developed infection and usually takes from thirty minutes to one hour. And success depends on the professionalism of the doctor and the quality of the work done by him, since it is necessary to remove all the affected pulp from the canals without leaving a drop of infection, otherwise it can develop again and seal the tooth tightly so that nothing else could get into the cleaned cavity.

After the root system treatment procedure for some time loads should be avoided on a cured tooth, moreover, you should not eat food earlier than two hours after therapy, otherwise a filling that has not completely hardened may simply fall out. However, the same thing can happen when a doctor uses low-quality preparations or performs incorrect treatment (for example, they dried out or did not dry the channels before filling).

Also, after filling the tooth for some time (up to several days) can give pain when pressed or just whine, cause discomfort, have increased sensitivity. This is usually normal, if the pain is severe, you can take painkillers. If the pain does not go away after a certain time, this can also be an indicator of poor treatment (insufficient cleaning of the infection or infected pulp, leaky filling, use of low-quality medicines or materials).

Sometimes there are cases occurrence of allergic reactions, which is also accompanied by incessant pain, sometimes there is itching and a rash on the body. It may be caused by a reaction to a drug or the material used for the filling. In this case, it must be replaced with another one that will not cause allergies.

In all these situations, it is imperative to consult a doctor as soon as possible for a second examination and prophylaxis of the teeth, in order to identify the cause of deviations from the norm.

Teeth, regardless of location, name, purpose, have the same structure: they consist of a crown, neck and root. Canals pass inside the roots, which the doctor fills with pulpitis or periodontitis. Read the article: how many canals are in the teeth - location table and useful information.

What are channels?

Each tooth has a certain number of roots located under the gum.

How many roots do teeth have? The answer to this question depends on several factors - the position of the unit, the age of the person, heredity, even race. It is known that Mongoloids have more roots than Caucasians.

The standard quantity is as follows:

Incisors, fangs - 1.
– 1-3.
Upper molars - 3-4.
Lower molars - 2.
Third molars - 3-5.

Inside the crown is the pulp - a tissue consisting of blood vessels and nerve endings. They pass into the pulp through the apical foramen at the root apex and through canals, narrow cavities inside the root. Their number is not always equal to the number of roots.
The photo shows the beginning of the root canals.

How many canals are in a tooth?

Root cavity configurations vary. There are several varieties of them. A tooth root may have two apical foramina, branching internally converging to a single foramen, or two internal cavities running parallel. The percentage of possible combinations is indicated in the table.

In the treatment of pulpitis, the root canals are cleaned and sealed.

Knowing the structure and location of the canals is important for the treatment of pulpitis. When the pulp becomes inflamed, the root cavities are subject to cleaning, therefore, before starting treatment, the doctor must have a clear idea of how many there are, how they look. This information can only be obtained with the help of an x-ray.

The structural features of the canals cause difficulties in treatment. A number of problems often arise:

the cavity is impassable for instruments (curved, branched);
in the root spaces accumulate microorganisms that are especially resistant to the action of standard antiseptics;
bacteria tend to re-penetrate through the dentinal tubules;

To overcome these problems, dentists use modern equipment and materials - endodontic motors designed for mechanical processing, fillings with strong antiseptics.

Root canal treatment

- one of the main conditions for the successful treatment of pulpitis and periodontitis. The stages of the doctor's work are as follows:

Standards for the provision of dental care do not allow simultaneous filling of the canals and the cavity of the tooth. The crown should be restored at the next visit.

The human tooth consists of a root and crown part. Each of them differs in structure and form. All teeth have a certain number of roots. It depends on the location in the dentition. The retention system is stronger in those teeth that have more loads.

But do not assume that the number of channels in the tooth corresponds to the number of roots. Very often the roots have different holes. The canal may bifurcate near the pulp. In such cases, it is quite easy to find and seal additional moves. It also happens that they are located in the same root and run in parallel.

In addition, bifurcation of the canals in the apex region is possible. Thus, the root has two tops. It is very difficult to seal such passages, but with the help of modern equipment, the chances are significantly increased.

Number of canals in a tooth

To determine their number, the dentist takes x-ray, only with his help it is possible to accurately find out such information.

The upper teeth often differ from the lower ones. The upper canines and incisors should normally have a single canal. In turn, the lower central incisor often already has two of them. As a percentage, as practice shows, in 2/3 cases there is only one channel, and in the rest there are 2. Well, the second lower incisor in about half of the cases has 2 channel cavities. The canine in only 6% of cases has one channel, in the rest it has two channels.

Next after the canines are the premolars. In the upper jaw, premolars are usually two-canal, but there are cases when there are 3 of them (in about 6% of cases). And it even happens that the premolar is single-channel (in about 9% of cases). The first premolars with 3 canals are not found on the lower jaw, in 2/3 of cases they are single-channel, in 1/3 - two-channel.

Approximately the same ratio in the second premolars. In the upper jaw, three-channel teeth are extremely rare - 1%, two-channel in 24%, and all the rest are single-channel. In the lower jaw, in most cases, the fifth teeth have one canal, and only in 11% of cases, 2.

Six on the upper jaw can have three or four channel passages, in a ratio of 1:1. But on the lower jaw, three-channel teeth are more common, sometimes two-channel, and in very rare cases even 4 branches are possible.

The sevens on the lower jaw are two-channel in 2/3 cases, and three-channel in 1/3. In the upper jaw, the channels have the same ratio, the only difference is that three-channel ones are more common, and less often - four.

The most amazing is the eighth or, as it is also called, the wisdom tooth. On the upper jaw, it can have up to 5 canal passages. On the lower jaw - up to 3, but during the treatment of the tooth, additional cavities are revealed.

The canals are very often irregular in shape, they are usually curved and have a narrow passage, which makes it difficult to fill them.

Given all of the above, it becomes clear that such dental spaces have many features, which is why the doctor must be very careful during treatment in order not to miss an additional such cavity.

Treatment

Root canal treatment is considered one of the most complex dental procedures. There is even a special branch that deals with this problem - endodontics.

The main purpose of this procedure is to treat the inner part of the tooth - the root canals, which are filled with pulp. The pulp is a soft tissue, it includes nerve fibers, lymphatic and blood vessels, connective tissue.

The procedure for the treatment of canal cavities allows you to save a tooth even in those cases in which it had to be removed relatively recently. The probability of preservation is at least 80-90%, and in other cases they resort to a surgical method - with the help of resection of the root apex or removal.

The complexity of the procedure lies in the fact that the channels are difficult to access for the dentist's instruments, and it is also problematic to visually control the course of the procedure.

Among the main indications for this type of dental treatment are inflammatory processes that lead to soft tissue damage in the canal cavities.

Diagnosis in order to establish the need for treatment is carried out using x-rays or visually.

The cause of such inflammatory processes can be various dental diseases, most often it is pulpitis or caries. Also, with periodontitis, root canal treatment may be necessary.

Symptoms, if root canal treatment is necessary, are usually as follows: toothache or swelling of the gums near a tooth. Although in the chronic form of the disease, pain may not be observed, but canal treatment will still be required.

Root canal treatment consists of the following steps:

administration of anesthesia (usually by injection into the gum near the affected tooth);
separation of the tooth from the rest of the oral cavity with the help of a coffedram (a special rubber film that is attached to the tooth with small hooks);
Opening a tooth with a drill to gain access to the inflamed pulp (on the incisors, a hole is made from the side of the tongue or palate, on the molars and premolars - on the chewing surface);
The affected pulp or its remains are very carefully removed, using a special tool, in parallel, the canals are treated with medications;
Drying the canals with special paper points;
Canal filling with various materials, usually using gutta-percha (rubber resin).

The duration of the entire treatment procedure directly depends on the complexity of the escaping clinical situation, as well as on which teeth are being treated, since all of them have a different number of channels. On average, the procedure takes from half an hour to an hour.

The success of this procedure will depend on how well the dental canals were cleaned, as well as how tightly they were sealed.

After the canal treatment is completed, the crown part of the tooth is restored using various materials, most often by filling.

In cases where the tooth crown is sufficiently destroyed, filling is carried out using dental pins. To do this, the dentist removes part of the gutta-percha from the canal in order to obtain a site for installing the pin. After that, the pin is fixed in the canal of the tooth with the help of special dental cement. After that, a filling material is adjusted around the pin, and the anatomical shape of the tooth is restored.

The filling of the crown of the tooth is carried out immediately after the canals are filled or at the next appointment.

After the procedure

After the canal treatment process, the patient may experience toothache for some time, especially when pressing on the filled tooth, as well as general malaise and an unpleasant feeling of discomfort in the oral cavity.

In some cases, after the procedure, a few more days may increase the sensitivity of the teeth to temperature changes and chemical irritants. Therefore, it is not recommended to subject the cured tooth to strong loads. After a few days, all discomfort should disappear.

If the pain is intense enough, then you can take painkillers.

In the event that the pain does not disappear for a long time, then you need to re-contact a dentist, since there is a possibility that the treatment was not carried out correctly, and this may also be the cause of any complications.

For example, this may be a sign of an allergic reaction to the components of the material that was used for filling. In addition to pain in such cases, other signs of an allergic reaction appear: the appearance of a rash, itching. If such symptoms appear, it is necessary to establish which component caused the reaction, after replacing the filling with a new one that does not contain the allergen.

Also, if the filling was placed recently, then there is a possibility that it may fall out due to poor-quality cavity preparation. The reason for this may be that the walls of the tooth were underdried or, on the contrary, overdried. In addition, the filling is likely to be damaged during chewing if the patient neglected the doctor's recommendations and ate earlier than two hours after the procedure. Therefore, it is very important to follow all the instructions of the dentist.

Each of us at least once, but asked ourselves questions about what the cavity of a molar tooth is, how many roots and canals it has. What is their topography and anatomy? How many nerves are in the cavity of the molar located on top, and how many are in the one below? Working length of the root canal - what is it? These questions are also relevant for doctors, because the process of their treatment, restoration or removal depends on the number of canals and roots.

Introduction

In dentistry, since 1971, there has been the so-called Viola two-digit system. According to it, the units of the upper and lower jaws of a person are divided into four quadrants, each of which has 8 teeth (we recommend reading:). Quadrants in adults are numbered as 1, 2, 3 and 4, and in children - from 5 to 8 (see table). Therefore, if you suddenly hear from a dentist that you are undergoing medical treatment of root canals of 46 or 36 units, do not be alarmed.

Each unit has its own individual structure. The number of channels and roots depends on where it is located and what function it performs. From this article you will learn what a tooth cavity is and why pulpitis affects it. Also read about the concept of root canal working length. You will learn about the methods of expanding dental recesses and their medical treatment, you will see a photo of three-channel pulpitis.

How is a human tooth arranged?

This article talks about typical ways to solve your questions, but each case is unique! If you want to know from me how to solve exactly your problem - ask your question. It's fast and free!

They appear later than everyone: at 20, and at 30, and even at 40 years old. The difference in their anatomical structure lies in the number of roots, which can be from two to five. These roots are quite crooked (see photo), so they cause many problems during medical procedures, and especially during the determination of the working length, expansion of the channels and filling. The number of channels in the "eights" can reach up to five pieces.

How is root canal treatment carried out?

An important step in the process of root indentation treatment is the determination of the working length of these canals. Not everyone knows the definition of the length of the tooth root. So, the working length of the root canal is the distance from the edge of the frontal units to the apical constriction preceding the apical foramen. There are several methods for determining the working length of the root canal. The most commonly used calculation method, X-ray and electrometric methods.

Root canals are treated by endodontics. When an endodontist treats a root canal, the manipulations are carried out in the following sequence:

Diagnostic methods

The first stage of root canal treatment is diagnostics, which will help the doctor to make the correct diagnosis and decide on the method of treatment. To do this, the patient needs to undergo an x-ray to examine the part of the crown that the doctor cannot see. This procedure allows you to understand how many roots and canals the tooth cavity has. If the x-ray examination is ignored, then the cavity of the diseased tooth will have to be opened again (we recommend reading:).

Preparatory procedures

After the X-ray image of the tooth cavity is carefully studied, the diagnosis is made, and the stages of the upcoming therapy are planned, it is necessary to tell the patient about everything in detail. Next, you need to issue a documented consent to the opening and further treatment of the tooth cavity.

An important point in preparing for the treatment of root deepening is to obtain information from the doctor about the presence of allergic reactions in the patient to anesthetics. If such information is not available, then an allergy test is performed. At this stage, the chemical treatment of the instruments with which manipulations will be performed is carried out.

Anesthesia administration and anesthetic application

Before starting treatment, the patient is anesthetized the area of the jaw where the intervention will be performed. Anesthesia can be superficial and in the form of an injection. The first type of anesthesia blocks sensitivity not only in the cavity of the teeth, but also on the mucous membrane. It is usually used to numb the area where the doctor is about to inject the anesthetic.

For surface anesthesia, the following drugs are used:

Opening of a molar tooth

What is the opening of the cavity of the tooth? In order to remove the pulp and clean the root canals, the dentist needs to provide good access to them. The opening of the tooth cavity can be started immediately after turning the caries and removing sawdust from the dentin. The process of opening the cavity of the tooth begins with the smallest bur, after which a large spherical one is used.

Canal treatment

Canal treatment is divided into mechanical (scraping out the contents with special tools) and chemical (drug treatment of root canals with disinfectants injected with a thin needle). To date, the following scheme of drug treatment of the root canal is used: sodium hypochlorite is applied after the use of each instrument and the completion of mechanical cleaning, then hydrogen peroxide, and after it - distilled water. Drug treatment of root canals is carried out immediately after the opening of the tooth cavity is completed.

filling

The final stage of root canal treatment is hermetic filling of the cavity. Root recesses are filled with a special filling material (usually gutta-percha). The filling helps the tooth stay strong and does not allow pathogenic bacteria to penetrate into its cavity.

Filling the cavity of the tooth is:

temporary;
permanent.

During temporary filling, the tooth cavity is filled with a non-hardening paste that has healing properties. This type is used in cases with advanced three-channel pulpitis or periodontitis.

If there is not a single sign that there is inflammation in the cavity of the tooth, then the removal (for example, the 6th) is not carried out, and a permanent filling is installed. In this case, no consequences.

Prevention of root canal diseases

For an ideal “order” in the oral cavity, it is necessary:

take good care of her;

Root canals are a complex system requiring special treatment methods. The main problems are their large number, tortuosity, as well as difficulties with access, especially when it comes to third molars. How many canals are there in a tooth, what are they for and what are their features?

What are root canals?

The tooth consists of three parts - neck, root, crown. The main task of the root is to hold the tooth in the hole hidden by the gum. There can be several roots - from one in the incisors, canines, to 4-5 in the third molars. The determining factor is chewing load: the higher it is, the stronger the fastening should be. The number also depends on age, genetic factors, even race: it is known that the Mongoloids have more of them.

The length of the root is affected by the size of the tooth, but they necessarily reach the alveoli - a source of nutrients. Inside the roots there are openings - channels through which the vessels and nerves of the pulp pass, located in the root and crown parts.

Number of canals in a tooth

The number of channels is not always equal to the number of roots. In fangs, for example, there is one root, and there can be two canals, they run parallel to each other. In addition, one hole often bifurcates. Another feature is a strong twist or narrowing, which greatly complicates the treatment.

The average number of canals in each anterior and molar tooth is reflected in the table. Percentages are the probability of certain combinations.

"By eye" the dentist cannot determine the number of channels and the features of their location, for each person these parameters are individual. The exact value can only be known with the help of an x-ray.

Wisdom tooth

The complexity of wisdom teeth treatment is due to several factors:

Often they erupt incorrectly because they do not have enough space in the already formed jaw.
Often, eights do not erupt completely. Under the "hood" covering them, bacteria accumulate, which leads to inflammation.
The brush does not reach hard-to-reach places, so caries is a frequent occurrence.

Caries not cured in time develops into pulpitis, requiring root canal treatment. Due to the fact that they are many (especially if it is a maxillary tooth), they are uneven and difficult to pass, endodontic treatment of third molars is difficult.

Features of treatment

An understanding of the topography is necessary for the correct determination of endodontic treatment, which involves cleaning and filling the canals. Typically, dentists are guided by the following principles:

X-ray diagnostics is mandatory, 4 pictures are taken - diagnostic, determining the length, filling control, evaluation of the quality of work.
Channels are considered accessible if they are bent by 25 degrees.
25-50 degrees - difficult curvature.
With a curvature of more than 50 degrees, instrumental access is not possible.

The last case, when processing with dental instruments is excluded, as a rule, applies to wisdom teeth both above and below. If one channel can be expanded, then curing three or more in this case is an almost impossible task. In this regard, eights are usually removed, not treated.

Number of roots and canals in human teeth

Many people often ask the question - how many roots does a molar have? This issue is relevant for most doctors. Because the complexity of many medical procedures depends on the number of roots, ranging from treatment, restoration and ending with removal. After birth, each person begins to grow milk teeth from about 8 months, which should have 20 pieces by the age of 3. Then, after 6-7 years, dairy units are replaced by indigenous ones, which should already increase by almost 1.5 times - 32. At the same time, dairy ones can have only one root, but indigenous ones grow with several roots.

Number of roots in each tooth

Often the root is located in the area under the gums, below the surface of the neck and its size is about 70% of the total volume of the organ. The number of chewing organs and the roots present in them is not the same. In dentistry, there is a special system by which the number of roots is determined, for example, at the sixth unit at the top or a wisdom tooth.

This image shows the side of the upper and lower dentition, which shows the number of roots that each tooth has.

So how many roots do adults have? This indicator is different for each person, it depends on various reasons - on heredity, on size, on location, on age and race of a person. For example, representatives of the Mongoloid and Negroid races have one more roots than representatives of the Caucasian race, and they also grow together quite often.

This system applies to adults. But as for children's milk teeth, their root system has some differences. Many people think that dairy plants do not have bases, and they grow without them, but this is not so. Usually the first teeth appear already from the root system, each unit usually has one base, which completely dissolves at the time of loss. Therefore, many believe that they do not exist at all.

How many channels

The root canal system is the anatomical space within the root of a tooth. It consists of a space at the crown connected to one or more main canals at the root of the tooth.

Features of the number of channels:

There may be some differences between the upper and lower organs. Usually in the region of the incisors and canines of the upper jaw, there is one channel;
The central bottom rows can have two recesses. But almost 70% have only one, and already in the remaining 30% - two;
In the region of the second incisor of the lower jaw, in almost 50% of cases, adults have two canals, in 6% of situations the canine has only one recess, and in the rest it has similar properties to the second incisor;
Dental unit number 4, which is also called the premolar, which is at the top, has three depressions. But a three-channel fourth premolar occurs only in 6% of cases, in the rest it has one or two depressions;
A similar fourth premolar, which is located below, has no more than two, but in most cases there is only one;
The upper fifth premolar can have a different number of recesses. In 1% of cases, there are units with three channels, in 24% - two, and in other cases there is one recess;
The lower fifth premolar meets one canal;
The sixth upper organ has the same ratio of depressions - three or four;
From below, sixes are sometimes found with two channels, in almost 60% of cases with three, they can also be with four;
The upper and lower seventh tooth has three canals in 70% of cases, and 4 in 30% of cases.

How many canals does a wisdom tooth have?

How many can a wisdom tooth have? This is a difficult question, because this organ has a very unusual structure. If it is located at the top, then it can have four, and sometimes even five channels. If this tooth is in the bottom row, then usually it has no more than 3 recesses.
In most cases, during eruption and already at the moment of full growth, the figure eight delivers unpleasant sensations and severe discomfort. To clean it, it is recommended to use a special brush, which is designed for hard-to-reach places. Typically, a wisdom tooth has narrow recesses that have irregular shapes. This property causes severe difficulties in performing medical procedures. Often, when improper eruption or other pathological processes occur, the complete removal of the figure eight is performed.

The wisdom tooth is the last to erupt, as if it is fighting for a place in the jaw, often shifting the dentition and bringing discomfort. The roots of the tooth have a swirling, intertwined shape, therefore, the canals of the tooth may not always be treatable.

What is the nerve for?

How many canals in the teeth, location table and detailed description

What are channels?

Each tooth has a certain number of roots located under the gum.

The standard quantity is as follows:

Incisors, fangs - 1.
Premolars - 1-3.
Upper molars - 3-4.
Lower molars - 2.
Third molars - 3-5.

Inside the crown is the pulp - a tissue consisting of blood vessels and nerve endings. They pass into the pulp through the apical foramen at the root apex and through canals, narrow cavities inside the root. Their number is not always equal to the number of roots.

The photo shows the beginning of the root canals.

How many canals are in a tooth?

In the treatment of pulpitis, the root canals are cleaned and sealed.

The structural features of the canals cause difficulties in treatment. A number of problems often arise:

the cavity is impassable for instruments (curved, branched);
in the root spaces accumulate microorganisms that are especially resistant to the action of standard antiseptics;
bacteria tend to re-penetrate through the dentinal tubules;

To overcome these problems, dentists use modern equipment and materials - endodontic motors designed for mechanical processing, fillings with strong antiseptics.

Root canal treatment

Filling the cavities inside the root is one of the main conditions for the successful treatment of pulpitis and periodontitis. The stages of the doctor's work are as follows:

Definition of length. The doctor removes the pulp and, using special finest instruments, measures the length. In good clinics, the process is controlled by an apex locator, a device that displays the moment the tool reaches the root apex.
Processing for expansion, preparation for filling. The procedure is done manually or using an endodontic handpiece.
Medical treatment using disinfectants administered through a thin needle.
Filling with gutta-percha material. The pin is selected according to the size of the expanded space, it is filled with paste, the pin is installed and fixed.
X-ray quality control.
Removal of excess, installation of temporary fillings.

Channel processing tools.

Standards for the provision of dental care do not allow simultaneous filling of the canals and the cavity of the tooth. The crown should be restored at the next visit.

Treatment is not an easy task. Often it entails complications:

- Injury in the region of the apex of the tooth root: damage to the walls with instruments, inaccurate removal of the pulp, penetration of antiseptics into the tissues surrounding the apex.
- Poor fillings: fillings do not reach the end of the cavities, so bacteria in these areas continue to multiply. This is evidenced by pain, swelling of the gums.
- The filling material penetrates beyond the apex.
- Root perforation due to a doctor's error or curved canals that are difficult to treat.

The most common way to correct errors is refilling, which involves re-opening the cavities. To avoid this, you need to carefully consider the choice of a clinic and a doctor who will treat pulpitis. The best option is to prevent the development of the disease, observing the rules of hygiene, visiting a doctor for preventive purposes.

Cohen S., Burns R. Endodontics. E-book, 8th edition, 2007.
Borovsky E.V. Therapeutic dentistry. Moscow, 2003.

How many channels are in the upper and lower teeth

Percentage calculation

In the first incisor, most often there is only one canal - this is in 70% of cases from the total statistics, and only in 30% there can be two;
The second tooth, in almost equal proportion, can have both one and two canals, or rather, a ratio of 56% to 44%;
The third incisor of the lower jaw almost always has only one canal, and only in 6% of cases there can be two.

Posterior molars usually have the following relationship:

Top seven: 70 to 30% three and four channels;
Bottom seven: 13 to 77% two and three channels.

Wisdom tooth

Misconception

The goals of this treatment are:

Removal of a developing infection inside the root system;
Prevention of pulp decay or its removal;
Removal of infected dentin;
Preparation of the canal for filling (giving it the desired shape);
Increasing the effect of the action of drugs.

The process and stages of root canal treatment

The process of root canal treatment has a clear sequence of steps:

Prevention after treatment

In all these situations, it is imperative to consult a doctor as soon as possible for a second examination and prophylaxis of the teeth, in order to identify the cause of deviations from the norm.

Number of roots and canals in human teeth

Most of the oral cavity is occupied by organs whose main function is chewing and grinding food into smaller pieces. This contributes to its full digestion and better absorption of nutrients. A tooth is an organ that has a characteristic shape and consists of several parts. The outer visible part is called the crown in dentistry, the inner part is called the root. The element connecting the crown and the root is the neck.

An interesting fact is that, unlike a crown, a tooth may have more than one root. How many roots a tooth has, as a rule, depends on the location and purpose of the organ. In addition, the hereditary factor affects its structure and the number of roots. Finally, the situation can be clarified only with the help of an x-ray.

The article provides detailed information on how many roots the frontal, lateral chewing teeth, as well as the figure eight, or the so-called wisdom tooth, have. In addition, you will be able to find out what is the purpose of the tooth root, why chewing units need nerves. The advice of dentists given in the following material will help prevent the development of dental diseases.

The number of roots in human teeth

The tooth root is located in the inner part of the gum. This invisible part makes up about 70% of the entire organ. An unequivocal answer to the question: how many roots a particular organ does not have, since their number is individual for each individual patient.

Factors affecting the number of roots include:

organ location;
the degree of load on it, functional features (chewing, frontal);
heredity;
patient's age;
race.

Additional Information! The root system of representatives of the Negroid and Mongoloid races is somewhat different from the European one, it is more branched than, in fact, more roots and channels are justified.

Dentists have developed a special system of numbering teeth, thanks to which it is almost impossible for even a non-specialist to get confused in the units of the upper and lower dentition. To understand the principle of numbering, it is necessary to mentally divide the skull in half vertically. The first are the incisors - the frontal units of the upper and lower rows on the right and left. There are two of them on each side: central (No. 1) and side (No. 2). Further, fangs or so-called triplets follow. Four (#4) and five (#5) are the first and second premolars. And also these teeth are called small molars. All of the above units are united by the fact that they have only one "back" of a cone-shaped shape in both the upper and lower rows.

The situation is somewhat different with the first, second and third molars, we are talking about tooth No. 6, 7 and 8. The upper six and seven (large molars) are endowed with three roots, however, in the wisdom tooth located on top, as a rule, also 3 grounds. In the sixth tooth and in the 7th lower row, there is usually one root less than in the upper counterparts. The exception is the bottom eight, in this tooth there may even be not three, but four roots. This feature should be taken into account during the treatment of a four-canal tooth.

Additional Information! Many people mistakenly believe that their children's temporary milk teeth do not have "roots". This is absolutely not true. There are reasons, and their number can reach up to three, with their help, the chewing organs of babies are attached to the jaw. By the time the milk units are changed to permanent "roots", they disappear, as a result of which the parents have the opinion that they did not exist at all.

How many canals are in the teeth

Immediately it should be noted that the number of channels does not have to correspond to the number of roots. These concepts are not identical. It is possible to determine exactly how many channels in a tooth using an x-ray.

So, the upper incisors, as a rule, are endowed with two or three channels, in some cases it may be one, but branched in two. It all depends on the characteristics of the root system and genetic predisposition. The lower central incisors are predominantly single-channel, in 70% of cases, the remaining 30% have two recesses.

Lower lateral incisors in most cases, they are endowed with 2 channels, however, like the lower fangs. Only in rare cases canines located on the lower jaw are two-channel (5-6%).

The distribution of recesses in the remaining units of the dentition is carried out according to the following scheme, from which you can find out how many canals each tooth has:

upper first premolar - 1 (9% of cases), 2 (85%), 3 (6%);
bottom four - 1, less often 2;
upper second premolar (No. 5) - 1 (75% of cases), 2 (24%), 3 (1%);
the lower 5 is predominantly single-channel;
upper first molar - 3 or 4;
lower first molar - 3 (60% of cases), less often - 2, extremely rarely - 4;
top and bottom seven - 3 (70%), 4 - in other cases.

How many canals does a wisdom tooth have

Eight or the so-called third molar is somewhat different from other units of the dentition. To begin with, it should be noted that not all people have it, which is associated with genetic factors.

This organ, in addition to its inconvenient location, which causes discomfort during oral hygiene, has other differences. So, the upper third molar is the only unit, the number of channels of which can reach 5. It is worth noting that this is extremely rare, basically, a three- or four-channel wisdom tooth. The bottom eight has no more than 3 recesses.

Eight is often the cause of the development of dental pathologies. For example, the incorrect position of the third molar can contribute to the disruption of the growth of neighboring units. In such cases, it needs to be removed. If the figure eight does not bother and does not hurt, it is not necessary to pull it out. The indication for removal is only the presence of pain and the negative impact of the third molar on other units of the row.

So that there are no problems with the eight, dentists advise adhering to the following oral care rules:

due to the inconvenient location of the figure eight, it is necessary to use a special brush;
owners of the third molar should visit the dentist for a routine examination at least 2 times a year.

Why does a tooth have a nerve

A feature of the recess in the tooth is the presence of branched nerve endings in it, grouped into branches. The number of nerve endings directly depends on the number of roots and canals.

Purpose of dental nerves:

influence the development and growth of dental units;
thanks to the nerves, the organ is sensitive to external influences;
the dental nerve makes the chewing organ not just a bone, but a living unit of the oral cavity.

To prevent the development of dental pathologies is possible only if you follow the advice of qualified doctors and follow the rules of oral hygiene.

do not abuse the rules of hygiene, brush your teeth only in the evening and in the morning. More frequent exposure to tooth enamel contributes to its erasure;
hygiene procedures should be carried out half an hour after eating;
use rinses to destroy the microbes remaining in the mouth after brushing;
cleaning should be carried out for at least 3 minutes, performing circular movements.

Main Rule- in case of detection of the first signs of the disease, you should immediately consult a dentist. This will help prevent further development of pathology and save teeth.

How many channels are in the upper and lower teeth. How many roots does a wisdom tooth and indigenous

Percentage calculation

Misconception

Treatment

The process and stages of root canal treatment

What are channels?

How many canals are in a tooth?

Root canal treatment

Number of canals in a tooth

Treatment

After the procedure

Introduction

How is a human tooth arranged?

How is root canal treatment carried out?

Diagnostic methods

Preparatory procedures

Anesthesia administration and anesthetic application

Opening of a molar tooth

Canal treatment

filling

Prevention of root canal diseases

What are root canals?

Number of canals in a tooth

Wisdom tooth

Features of treatment

Number of roots and canals in human teeth

Number of roots in each tooth

How many channels

How many canals does a wisdom tooth have?

What is the nerve for?

How many canals in the teeth, location table and detailed description

What are channels?

How many canals are in a tooth?

Root canal treatment

How many channels are in the upper and lower teeth

Percentage calculation

Wisdom tooth

Misconception

The process and stages of root canal treatment

Prevention after treatment

Number of roots and canals in human teeth

The number of roots in human teeth

How many canals are in the teeth

How many canals does a wisdom tooth have

Why does a tooth have a nerve

Video: tooth anatomy