Payroll calculation in 1s 7. Basic functionality

To start accruing taxes and withholdings, you need to check:

1C v 7.7(1) : Check:<_ _="">.-> .-> /Salaries and accounting\. Look first at “default wiring”

CHAPTER 4.

Accounting for hours worked and other accruals and deductions in the program “1C: Salary and Personnel 7.7”

Previously, you became acquainted with the main personnel orders, the journal of personnel orders. Personnel orders are the basis for making calculations. The next step in working with the 1C: Salaries and Personnel program is 7.7" is the entry of documents on accruals and deductions for employees, recording of hours worked. Many of the types of accruals and deductions discussed in the chapter require the use of advanced configuration options, therefore, when setting up the configuration, you must check the box Advanced payroll calculation capabilities.

Basic documents on accruals and deductions in the program “1C: Salary and Personnel 7.7”

The purpose of documents on accruals and deductions in the 1C: Salaries and Personnel program is to enter additional information on employees for payroll purposes. Documents can be divided into several groups:

Recording of hours worked.

Other accruals and deductions.

Group documents Time worked tracking allow you to enter additional information about the time worked by employees in cases that cannot be described in working time calendars. Input is carried out using a document Time sheet.

Accounting for hours worked with payment on a timesheet basis

Exercise. Disable staffing control. Create employees

Alekseev (payment simple time-based salary according to the report card/By days /),

Borisov (payment simple time-based salary according to the report card/By hours /).

Give them the same rate (9,700 rubles/month). Work started a few months ago.

Fill out the timesheets (HOLIDAYS and PRE-HOLIDAYS days do not need to be filled out yet).

Calculate your salary. Display payslips. The salary level was the same.

Correct the timesheet by putting a shortened pre-holiday day and a zero length of the holiday day

The result is OBVIOUSLY not correct, since shortening the pre-holiday day by one hour is established by law and according to the Labor Code cannot lead to a reduction in wages.

Figure B15: Re-opening the same timesheet

Figure B18: Re-filling out the timesheet and HOPE it will fill out automatically

Figure B19: FIASCO, the automatic filling mechanism is not working yet.

Figure B20: I had to change the timesheet manually

Figure B42: The four hours that are visible on the pre-holiday day of February 20th are the result of intermediate experiments

Figure B43: The 23rd holiday was cleared by itself, and the pre-holiday day (20th) had to be changed from 8 to 7 hours manually:

Figure B44: CORRECT salary calculation:

Find out for yourself whether there will be a difference for employees paid by the day and by the hour. So far, the answer is no, but when employees are absent from the workplace (absenteeism, illness, business trip), then in most cases the employee whose payment is considered more scrupulous (per hour) will ultimately receive less.

Normal sequence of accounting for Holidays and Pre-Holidays

Accounting for hours worked with payment on a time basis WITHOUT timesheets

Exercise. Create employees:

Ivanov2 (time-based bonus salary/By days /),

Petrov2 (time-based bonus salary/By hours /),

Indicate their other work schedule in the employment order on the card. Pay them a salary. The accrual will be made taking into account the work schedule of the enterprise as a whole.

Note. Filling out the timesheet will not affect these employees (see previous topic):

• If you try to create and fill out a timesheet, then when you try to exit it by clicking, a red message will appear indicating that the action cannot be performed.
• In this case, the timesheet will be saved as not posted.

Figure B50: Hired an employee retroactively

Figure B51: In the employees folder, you can and should look at personnel orders for any employee

Figure B54: Petrov2 has not yet been hired:

Exercise: fill out a job application for him with the same parameters as for Ivanov2, only Payment system: (time-based bonus salary/By hours /).

Figure B55: When trying to calculate payroll, an error message appears for employees hired retroactively:

Directly preparing documents for the cashier to pay salaries

Until now, none of the papers had the column “Signature in receipt of money”

Features of accounting for absence from work in a payment system calculated by days and calculated by hours

To take into account absence from work for the form of payment WITHOUT A TIMETABLE, the following applies:

<_>-> . For sick leave, the social insurance fund does not return 100% of the employee’s wages.

Explanation of why the calculation result is different

Payment per week 4000 rub.

Cost of 1 day = 4000/4 days = 1000 rubles per day.

Situation: Monday - spree. Result (worked for 3 days) * (1000 rubles per day) = 3000 rubles for this week

Total for the week: 8+8+8+7=31 hours.

Situation: Monday - spree. Result Tuesday (8h) + Wednesday (8h) Thursday (7h) = 8h 8h 7h =23h

Exercise. Create an employee Polyakov2 (payment is time-based and bonus based on salary /by day/).

Calculate his salary for him.

Consider 3 days of absenteeism for him.

Re-calculate your salary.

Make your salary payment.

Payroll calculation according to tariff categories

Create employees (don't forget to create several salary categories and initially give them the same salary category):

Vasin3 (payment is simple time-based at an hourly rate),

Sidorov3 (time-bonus at an hourly rate),

The essence of tariff categories. For large enterprises, tables are created showing what kind of work a specialist can do, what category, and what should be his production rate per month (or, what is the same, how much time will be spent on producing one product). This allows you to control the counters, who otherwise could “regulate” their friends and relatives; salary, arbitrarily assigning production standards and skill levels. If a highly skilled worker performs low-skilled work, then the difference is made as a separate additional payment, which allows the head of the enterprise to see this when signing the papers and take measures to correct the situation.

When determining tariffs, it is necessary to monitor the date from which they are valid.

Exercise. Create employees (give them different salary categories than the previous ones)

Sergeev (simple time-based payment at an hourly rate),

Maksimov (time-based bonus at an hourly rate),

Manual for 1C Enterprise 7.7 Salaries and personnel

Contents of manual 1C Enterprise 7.7 “Salaries and personnel”

1. System setup. Entering initial data

1.1 Setting up the system using the startup assistant

1.3 Directories. Employees

1.3.1 Directories. Employees

1.4 Hiring

2. Calculation of real wages

2.2 Payroll

2.3 Salary calculation

2.4 Payment of wages

2.5 Taxes on phot

2.5.1 Calculation of taxes from payroll

2.5.2 Calculation of advance UST payments

3. Piecework form of remuneration 1

3.1 Tariff categories

3.2 Hiring piece workers

3.3 Prices for piece work

3.4 Brigade outfit

3.5 Individual outfit

4. Organization of the formation of personal income tax and unified social tax

4.1 Deductions for personal income tax

4.2 Tax card 1-NDFL

4.3 Individual card according to the Unified Social Tax

4.4 Reports. Tax card 1-NDFL

5. Interaction between “Salaries + Personnel” and “Typical” configuration

You can view the 1C “Salaries + Personnel” manual version 7.7 here

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Since the 1C: Salary + Personnel 7.7 configuration is included in the 1C: Integrated Delivery 7.7 software product, it is also no longer possible to buy it in any of the options (PROF or network version). The differences between the different versions of 1C: Salary + Personnel 7.7 can be seen in the table below on this page. Unfortunately, you cannot buy the basic version of 1C: Salary + Personnel 7.7, as well as the basic versions of other 1C 7.7 configurations, because Since July 2008 they are no longer produced.

Modern analogues of the 1C: Salaries and Personnel 7.7 program, which you can buy now

The 1C: Salaries and Personnel 7.7 program was withdrawn from sales and support in 2019 as an outdated version, which, in particular, does not support the ability to work with electronic signatures, Internet services, including filing reports, generating complex reports, for example, 6-NDFL, work in a client-server version, support for 64-bit operating systems, etc. Modern analogues of this program, which are its development, current and supported by 1C versions and which can be purchased now, are:

• 1C: Salaries and personnel management 8 basic version (electronic delivery) can be purchased for 7,400 rubles.
• 1C: Salaries and personnel management 8 basic version can be purchased for 8,100 rubles.
• 1C: Salaries and personnel management 8 PROF (software protection) can be purchased for 22,600 rubles.
• 1C: Salary and personnel management 8 PROF (electronic delivery) can be purchased for 22,600 rubles.
• 1C: Salaries and personnel management 8 PROF (USB) can be purchased for 27,300 rubles.
• 1C: Salary and personnel management 8 CORP can be purchased for 109,000 rubles.
• 1C: Salary and personnel management 8 CORP (electronic delivery) can be purchased for 109,000 rubles.

Exchange (upgrade) 1C: Salary and Personnel 7.7

If you are going to buy 1C: Salary and Personnel 7.7, We draw your attention, that the exchange (upgrade) of local versions of 1C: Enterprise 7.7 programs, for example, to network versions of these 1C: Enterprise 7.7 programs from 07/01/2008 no longer possible. However, any versions of 1C:Enterprise 7.7 programs can be replaced according to the upgrade scheme with the corresponding 1C:Enterprise 8 programs. 1C:Salary and Personnel 7.7 programs of any version can be replaced, for example, with the 1C:Salary and Personnel Management 8 program.

Comparison of different versions of 1C: Salary and Personnel 7.7. How does the PROF version differ from the network version? What is the difference between different versions of the 1C: Salary and Personnel 7.7 program?

A comparison of the capabilities of different versions of the program is given in the following table

Please note, that the exchange (upgrade) of local versions of 1C: Enterprise 7.7 programs, for example, to network versions of these 1C: Enterprise 7.7 programs from 07/01/2008 is no longer possible.

Functionality of the 1C program: Salaries and personnel 7.7

The program "1C: Salary and Personnel" (1C ZiK 7.7) is designed for calculating wages and personnel records; it can be used both in self-supporting enterprises of the Russian Federation and in organizations with budgetary funding. It allows you not only to automate payroll calculations, but also to organize employee records, register official movements, and receive statistical information on personnel. The versatility of the system allows you to implement any approach to solving these problems and receive any reporting documents.

Various features supported by configuration

Immediately after installing the system, you have the opportunity to start calculating payroll. You can already:

• issue employment orders;
• issue orders for promotions;
• enter and calculate sick leave;
• calculate vacations of various types and draw up vacation notes;
• introduce one-time or long-term additional payments and allowances;
• issue orders for the payment of bonuses to both departments and individual employees;
• carry out recalculations "retrospectively";
• calculate a variety of additional payments from an additional payment to the salary to a bonus “for length of service”;
• maintain the staffing table of the enterprise;
• receive standard reports and forms for submission to tax and other authorities;
• make interpayments of wages;
• make partial payment of wages;
• deposit amounts not issued according to payroll statements;
• take into account wage debts from previous periods;
• formalize dismissal with calculation of vacation compensation and severance pay;
• much more...

The standard configuration provides the ability to use all the functionality included in the configuration step by step. For example, you can start working with the program without using all the configuration features, and later move on to using all the features.

All necessary reports and documents

The program will allow you to use all the richness of Windows design capabilities when preparing reports and standard documents based on calculation results. You can create, for example, the following documents:

• Personnel documents:
• Order for admission (form T-1);
• Order of dismissal (form T-8);
• Regulatory documents:
• Payroll;
• Tax calculation;
• Documents registering payment for unworked time:
• Sick leave;
• Accrual of vacation (form T-6);
• Documents registering long-term deductions:
• Enterprise loan;
• writ of execution;
• Documents registering payment for time worked:
• Outfits;
• Civil contracts;
• You can also create reports such as:
• Time sheet (form T-13);
• Pay slips;
• Settlement and payment statements (forms T-49, T-51, 13-FO, 15-FO);
• Salary summary;
• Report on expenses from the Social Insurance Fund;
• Summary of writs of execution;
• Code on transferring wages to banks;
• Average number of employees;
• Reports on staffing (including form T-3);
• Consolidated reporting for budgetary organizations (according to forms 14-BUDZH and 14-SV);
• Summary transactions report;
• Registers of tax accounting of labor costs for profit tax purposes;
• In addition, the following tax reporting is available:
• Certificate of income of an individual (form 2-NDFL);
• Information on the income of individuals on magnetic media;
• Tax card for accounting of income and personal income tax (form 1-NDFL);
• Reports for personalized accounting in the Pension Fund (form ADV-1 and individual information about the insured person, form SZV-3);
• Information for personalized accounting in the Pension Fund on magnetic media;
• Calculation of advance payments for insurance premiums and compulsory pension insurance;
• Individual card for insurance premiums;
• Applications of individuals to the Tax Inspectorate for obtaining a TIN.

Various systems and forms of remuneration

In the 1C Salary and Personnel 7.7 program, payroll can be calculated using various systems (including on a commission basis) and forms of remuneration.

After installing the program, depending on your needs, you can use or not use advanced payroll capabilities. If your organization does not use specific forms of payment, then you do not need to use advanced payroll capabilities.

If you do not use the advanced payroll capabilities, only the simplest forms of remuneration are available when calculating wages - a simple time-based salary and hourly rate, as well as time-bonus based on salary and hourly rate.

Listed below are all systems and forms of payment provided for in the 1C Salary and Personnel 7.7 program:

• Simple time-based salary (by day);
• Simple time-based salary (by the hour);
• Simple time-based at an hourly rate;
• Time-based bonus on salary (by day);
• Time-based bonus based on salary (hourly);
• Time-based bonus at an hourly rate;
• Time-based by salary, by day, “from the reverse”;
• Direct piecework;
• Piece-bonus;
• Piece-progressive;
• Indirect piecework;
• Chord;
• On a commission basis (salary plus a percentage of revenue);
• On a commission basis (percentage of revenue);
• On a commission basis (percentage of revenue, not less than salary);
• Simple time-based salary (by day) according to the time sheet;
• Simple time-based salary (by the hour) according to the time sheet;
• Simple time-based at an hourly rate according to the time sheet.

The 1C Salary and Personnel 7.7 program allows you to register the hiring, dismissal and movement of employees, automatically create standard forms of personnel orders and receive reports on employee personnel data.

Automation of personnel records and staffing

The 1C Salary and Personnel 7.7 program allows you to maintain the staffing table of an enterprise, including a list of departments and the official composition of each department.

Using a staffing table will allow you to:

• Carry out automatic verification of compliance of personnel documents (such as employment orders and personnel transfers) with the completed staffing table. For example, when hiring, the system will check whether the number of staff for a given department and position corresponds to the data of the next order.
• Carry out automatic calculation of official allowances. If, when filling out the staffing table, you specify job allowances (up to three pieces), this will lead to the fact that in addition to the main accrual according to the salary form, the employee will be accrued bonuses according to the staffing table. In this case, the program will automatically track both changes in the employee’s position and department, as well as in the list of allowances from the staffing table. For example, if an employee’s position has changed during the month, then from the moment the position is changed, those job allowances that correspond to the new position will be accrued. On the other hand, if during the month there was no movement of an employee (neither the unit nor the position occupied was changed), but at some point the composition of allowances changed according to the staffing table, from that moment allowances will be accrued according to the new conditions.

Using the 1C Salary and Personnel 7.7 program does not require the mandatory use of both the concept of staffing and the concepts of department and position. For a small enterprise that has not established the practice of maintaining a staffing table, it is quite enough to simply maintain a list of employees without comparing the department, position and salary assigned to employees with the staffing table. Moreover, you don’t have to specify a department or position for the employee.

Taking into account the specifics of budgetary organizations

The program allows you to calculate wages not only in self-supporting organizations, but also in budget ones. The program provides for specific accruals inherent in budgetary organizations, such as a bonus for length of service, bonuses for working with classified materials, etc.

In the 1C Salary and Personnel 7.7 program, the ability to calculate bonuses for length of service has been implemented. An organization may use several scales of bonus percentages depending on length of service.

For some standard reports, especially when calculating payroll in budgetary organizations, it is important to take into account accrued amounts by category of employee positions. In the proposed configuration, the following composition of employee job categories is adopted:

• Managers;
• Specialists;
• Other employees;
• Workers;
• Scientific and pedagogical workers.

In the 1C Salary and Personnel 7.7 program, it is possible to calculate the amounts of salary and allowance for military personnel and civil servants. This functionality is provided by specialized personnel documents and types of calculations.

The most characteristic feature of calculating the salary of civil servants (including military personnel) is the presence of a salary, consisting of the official salary and an allowance for the qualification category (for military personnel - salary according to military (special) rank), the presence of allowances, the percentage of which is calculated based on from a certain experience.

There are certain differences in the calculation of some additional payments; in particular, some additional payments are accrued in the current month for the past month. In addition, the monetary allowance of military personnel has specific features when taxed by the personal income tax and the unified social tax. All these features are taken into account in the program.

For personnel records of military personnel in the 1C Salary and Personnel 7.7 program, the following specific documents are used:

• Order for enrollment in the unit lists;
• Order to exclude a unit from the lists;
• Order on personnel transfer of a military personnel.

Payment of accrued allowances to military personnel in the 1C Salary and Personnel 7.7 program is formalized using special pay slips.

Elena SHLIFER

The most complete accounting and calculation of wages is automated in the 1C: Salary and Personnel program. It is in it that various types of accruals and deductions from wages are implemented. This program is suitable for organizations with a complex remuneration system.

However, there is another option. Often, small organizations already use the 1C: Accounting program to maintain accounting and tax records. If the company has a small staff and a simple remuneration system, it is quite possible to keep track of wages in the standard version of the 1C: Accounting 7.7 program.

Our task is to help the reader understand how suitable this program is for the purposes of maintaining payroll records in his or her organization.

Let us list the main features when accounting for wages in the standard configuration of “1C: Accounting 7.7 edition 4.5”.

Personnel records with maintenance of basic documents:

• employment order;
• order on personnel changes;
• order to change salaries;
• dismissal order.

• basic salary;
• additional types of income.

• according to writs of execution;
• Personal income tax.

Reporting:

• tax card 1-NDFL;
• certificate of income of an individual 2-NDFL;
• individual UST registration card;
• declaration of insurance contributions to the Pension Fund;
• declaration on the unified social tax;
• report on the use of insurance contributions for compulsory social insurance against accidents at work;
• payroll statement for funds of the Federal Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation (form 4-FSS of the Russian Federation);
• FSS insurance premiums for temporary disability (Form 4a-FSS of the Russian Federation).

• formation of tax accounting registers.

Regional coefficient (not to be confused with the northern surcharge!). The filling format is as follows: for example, with a value of 15% (increase), 1.15 is filled.

The deduction limit for calculating personal income tax is 20,000 rubles. (implemented only through Constants).

Payroll accounting is carried out in an external program - “no” (i.e., do not check the box) (in General settings).

Use a regressive scale of UST rates (“yes” or “no”) - through Constants.

Is the organization provided with a benefit for paying the unified social tax in accordance with clause 1.2 of Art. 239 NK - through Constants.

We remind you that according to this clause, public organizations of disabled people are exempt from paying taxes; institutions created to achieve educational, cultural, medical and recreational, physical education, sports, scientific, information and other social goals (for more details, see the Tax Code of the Russian Federation).

Use regressive rates of insurance contributions to the Pension Fund - values ​​“yes” or “no” - through Constants.

Let's consider the basic provisions for accounting for wages in the configuration in accordance with the listed capabilities.

Personnel records

The “Employee is a tax resident” checkbox determines the rate and procedure for calculating personal income tax. The income of residents is taxed at a rate of 13%, non-residents - at a rate of 30%. Individuals who are tax residents of the Russian Federation include individuals who are actually on its territory for at least 183 days in a calendar year.

The detail “Deduction for one child” indicates the amount of the standard tax deduction for one child provided when calculating personal income tax (300 rubles if the child is raised by two parents, and 600 rubles if the child is raised by one parent and the employee’s annual income on an accrual basis has not reached 20 000 rub.).

Let us remind you that when entering data, you must fill in all fields for the correctness of further calculations and filling out reports. Particular attention must be paid to periodic details, setting the required date when entering new details or changing existing ones. It should be noted that the document “Order on Personnel Changes” allows the accountant to more clearly see and timely reflect changes in personnel in the relevant operations. Previously, such changes to an employee could only be made manually and seen through the details history. The “Dismissal Order” document has a fairly simplified form: the program prompts you to select an employee and the date on which he was fired. In the document form window there is a line “Comment” - this is a comment for the accountant; such data does not appear in the order. The reason for dismissal will have to be entered manually on the screen directly in the form of the document before printing it (but the data will not be saved in memory) or directly in the printed document.

Printed forms of orders T-1, T-5, T-8, starting with the release of program 459, are given in accordance with the new unified forms approved by Resolution of the State Statistics Committee of Russia dated January 5, 2004 No. 1.

Payroll

In order to reflect income not subject to personal income tax, you must indicate the type of accrual corresponding to income with code 0000 “Income exempt from taxation in accordance with Art. 217 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation.”

For the correct calculation of personal income tax, the chronological sequence of entering regulatory documents into the information base is important. In particular, the “Payroll” document should be entered before the “Month Closing” document.

The sequence of entering regulatory documents is described in more detail in the Configuration Guide, in the “Generation of financial results” section (menu Tools ® Guide).

For each type of accrual, a separate “Payroll” document must be generated. Accounting entries are generated in accordance with the data specified in the “Employees” directory (for the basic salary) or entered independently into the statements.

Thus, the accountant can enter sick leave, bonuses, vacation pay and other types of accruals with the corresponding accounting correspondence. However, calculations for these and other types of accruals will have to be done manually.

Payment of wages is made in a separate document “Payment of wages” with the formation of a payroll. In addition, payments can also be made through the cash register using cash receipts.

Accounting for deductions from wages

When entering data for a new employee or from the moment of starting accounting in the program, the user must correctly set in it the start date of tax calculation - this is the date of hiring.

Example

Employee Petrenko was hired on 08/09/04. He enjoys a discount when calculating personal income tax as an individual - 400 rubles, and also has one child (300 rubles). Employee salary - 4000 rubles. Income since the beginning of the year (from the previous place of work) amounted to 15,000 rubles.

When entering data into the “Employees” directory, on the Initial data tab, you must enter the start date for tax accounting in the program - 08/09/04.

The date 07/31/04 will lead to benefits in the amount of 1400 rubles (400 + + 300) 5 2, i.e. double benefits), and accordingly the personal income tax amount will be calculated incorrectly. Income from the beginning of the year is also entered to take into account the possibility of applying personal income tax benefits.

To record the income of employees, the DFL program account (“Income of individuals”) is intended, which has sub-accounts: DFL.1 “Income related to activities not subject to UTII” and DFL.2 “Income related to activities subject to UTII.”

You can generate a report on your account using the standard method. Turnovers in the DFL account determine the basis for calculating personal income tax and payroll taxes. Movement in the account occurs automatically when posting the “Month Closing” document.

Other deductions (for example, deductions based on writs of execution) are made through manual operations or through created standard operations. The calculation is done manually.

Accounting for single social tax

The calculation of the Unified Social Tax and the formation of accounting entries is carried out through the document “Month Closing”. Accounting entries are generated for each employee and type of tax.

Let us note once again that if in the “Types of accruals (payments)” directory the accountant did not mark some accrual (for example, sick leave) as the basis for calculating the unified social tax, then the tax on this accrual will not be calculated.

In accounting, the unified social tax and contributions to the Pension Fund are reflected by entries from the credit of accounts 69-2-1, 69-2-2 or 69-2-3 to the debit of the accounts accounting for the corresponding costs.

So that when posting the document “Closing the month” the calculation of the unified social tax and contributions to the Pension Fund is carried out in accordance with the described methodology, in the constant “Procedure for calculating the unified social tax”, indicate “2” (menu Operations ® Constants). It should be noted that the order of the Ministry of Taxes and Duties of the Russian Federation dated 01.02.02 No. BG-3-05/49 “On approval of the form of calculation for advance payments for the unified social tax and the Procedure for filling it out” (approved by order of the Ministry of Taxes of Russia dated 26.03.03 No. BG-3-05/134), which is referred to by the 1C: Accounting program, is not valid.

Reporting

Reporting for submission to the Ministry of Taxes and funds is generated through the menu Reports ® Regulated.

Tax accounting

1. ZiK is still alive and regular configuration updates are released. This is good news. However, there are not always rules for exchanging with other configurations.
2. Briefly about the essence of payroll calculations. I'll be as brief as possible. Everything is done in the end to obtain a “payslip” report - this is a report showing how much has been accrued and withheld for each employee, and the “Accruals Settlement” report is an analogue of a payslip, but summarized for all employees.There are generally two types of settlement movements - accruals and deductions. Accrual - this can be “salary”, “bonus”, various allowances. Deductions are professional contributions, income tax, etc. Deductions also include the payment of wages. As a result, simple arithmetic: initial debt + accruals - deductions = final debt (balance). Salaries are usually calculated monthly.
3. From a technical point of view, there are two periods in wages - the “settlement period” and the “action period”. Just remember this.
4. In ZiK, for normal calculation it is necessary to “open a period”, or “make a transition to a new period”. In this case, all movements in old periods become available only for viewing, and it is no longer possible to correct the calculation results in the usual way. That is, before the start of a new billing period, for example, when we want to calculate the salary “for January”, we need to make sure that “January of this year” is “open”.
5. If you suddenly need to adjust the records of an old period, you need to remember this. There are two types of edits: a) retroactive edits, when we simply correct the records of an old period because they differ from our paper records. This is the only reason why the calculation is corrected retroactively. b) corrections for the current period, when it is discovered that the calculation of the previous period was incorrect, but everything matches the papers, and the reporting has already been submitted and signed. That is, it is impossible to edit retrospectively, therefore, in the current period, corrective records of the previous period are made. For example, in January we make an adjustment “for December of that year.” To correct it “retroactively”, check whether the old period is still open, or whether a “change to a new month” has already been made. If the old period is open, everything is clear, we adjusted it, and moved on. If the period is “closed”, then you can open it in the standard way, but this is fraught with serious consequences - the records of the old period being opened will be marked as “not calculated”, and they will have to be recalculated. This is very bad, since the accountant often and haphazardly makes adjustments to calculations (and then does not remember this), as a result of which recalculation cannot be done just like that - manual adjustments will be lost. Use the “Soft Rollback” treatment to go to the old period, and then “roll back” to the current period. For example this one
6. You cannot correct the base of calculation types and accruals if they have already been used (this applies to secondary calculation types such as “Bonus”, etc.). This is important for calculations “on average” - all sorts of sick leave, vacation pay, “downtime”, etc. After this, all this will begin to be considered incorrectly, taking into account adjustments. If it turns out that the database was configured incorrectly, it is better to create a new type of calculation, and “close” employees’ accruals for the old type of calculation and add them a new created type, which is already configured “correctly in a new way.”
7. Directory "Employees". If an employee was fired and is rehired, you cannot create a new directory element, you must use an existing one (this is a feature of ZiK 7.7, in 8 versions it’s the other way around), otherwise there will be errors when submitting reports. The only acceptable and correct option when duplication is needed is to accept the same employee, already working, for a position as a part-time employee. Then two elements should appear in the directory. If you look from a technical point of view, the main employee will have the “Main Element” field filled in - a link to himself, and the part-time employee will have the “Main Element” field filled in - a link to the main employee. Use the employee input assistant. If an employee is duplicated, it will not be possible to submit reports for the year. We'll have to write the processing.
8. ZiK uses a lot of details that change over time - periodic details. Often an accountant experiences difficulties with his work because of them. You should use the "History" button.
9. The global module is huge. It's very easy to get confused. You should install OpenConf for ease of working with the configuration. Due to the large number of global lines, debugging modes can also slow down. To debug the globalizer, you should not use breakpoints, but set stubs of the “Warning” type, and then proceed to debugging.
10. Do not debug long-running modules on the production base when users are working via RDP, since all users will also experience a stop in their code (they will feel stuck).
11. To calculate transactions, a dynamic scheme is used, that is, transactions are calculated anew each time the “Report on transactions” or “Upload transactions” is launched. In the global book, the “Glav Transactions for the Period” procedure is responsible for calculating transactions. It is large and only a professional can make changes to it.
12. On large databases, the “Period Postings” can work for hours, which irritates accountants. There is a simple optimization method; only a few lines are changed, which allows you to speed up the work several times. This is described in one of the articles. Additional technical specifications are used. A typical algorithm does this: Salary Accounting TableNNP.Unload(Salary Accounting TableNNP); You need to add the required number of lines to the statement of work, and only then copy the lines to the statement of work, without completely unloading and loading.It’s described here, although the article has been undeservedly forgotten and abandoned.
13. Tax calculation. The “personal income tax” tax is calculated immediately when calculating wages, but there is also the “social tax”, which is calculated separately.
14. To store records of calculations, there is a “Calculation Journal”. There are two main ones - “Salary” and “Insurance Contributions”. There is also “Additional”, where management salaries are sometimes considered.
15. To set up accounting entries, use the “Accounting template” attribute for the employee. You can also not specify it; in this case, set up a “posting template” for the department in which the employees work. Or if the posting is standard for all employees, we use the “Default posting” constant
16. Sometimes it is not clear whether personal income tax has been calculated correctly or not. It is important that personal income tax is calculated on an accrual basis throughout the year, so you need to look at the period from January to December. There are also complex cases - for example, the previous period may be included in the calculation, for example, “in December of last year, vacation was accrued for January of the current year.” For ease of control, you can use useful reports on accruals on an accrual basis, or reports such as “pay slip from the beginning of the year,” etc.
17. Also for insurance premiums, control can be done using summary special reports. To control insurance premiums, it is important to remember that there is a percentage scale, and you can check whether the tax has been calculated correctly by simply multiplying the base by the percentage. However, you need to keep track of “from what base the accrual came from.” You can also find out the database by running special reports that are not included in the standard ZiK and are written by independent developers. For example, this report:
18. Sometimes the calculation journal becomes so tangled for an employee that the accountant cannot make an automatic calculation, and he cannot correct the entries (sometimes the system blocks manual adjustments). To solve this problem, download the “Calculation Journal Editor” processing. For example this one: . Of course, you need to make a copy before using it. A beginner or even an average developer will not be able to write an analogue of this processing, since a clear understanding of working with the calculation log programmatically is important. This processing allows you to do whatever you want with the calculation log.
19. When making changes to Zik, remember that this is a “Calculation” component; you do not need to add a chart of accounts and operational accounting registers there, since the customer may not have licenses for them. For those working with 8.x versions, this may not be trivial, and I have seen such solutions.
20. In service\parameters, enter the date representation in 4-digit form “11/19/2014”, not “11/19/14”. Then avoid confusion with different grandparents born in the 40s, 50s
21. When making calculations, ZiK works with tables of values, as well as (!) nested tables of values ​​within tables of values, especially when calculating taxes. It is useful to find and download some kind of processing for 7.7 like “View Table of Values”. You can, of course, use the “Select Row” method, but this is not suitable for viewing large or nested technical specifications. If anyone knows a good viewing processing, write, I will attach a link. I myself have been using the “PreviewTSZ” processing for a long time, but I couldn’t find it on the IS.