Unusual phenomena in the world. Amazing in nature. Blooming desert, Chile
Most of us have only seen these natural phenomena in films or on the Discovery Channel. I present a detailed description with photographs of the most incredible natural phenomena. You can read about the phenomena that I talked about earlier by clicking here.
1. Water bloom: we looked at neon lakes in more detail
When ocean, air and temperature conditions allow, ocean phytoplankton reproduce quite quickly, creating a thick, visible layer on its surface. This phenomenon, called a water bloom, is quite unsightly during the day, but in parts of California and other places where bioluminescent nocturnal lights are present, the water bloom is a truly spectacular sight. This species of phytoplankton glows blue when agitated, turning the dark ocean into a giant lava lamp. You can watch the waves begin to glow as they hit, scattering across the sand, and the ground begins to shine under your feet, and if you dive under the water, you will see an amazing glow in all its glory.
2. Bioluminescence
Bioluminescence does not only occur in water. In late summer, an uncanny glow can be seen in many of the world's forests, where bioluminescent fungi grow on damp, rotting bark. Bioluminescence can be observed in different parts of the world, but the greatest variety is found in the tropics, where the humidity in forests encourages the growth of fungi. A new variety of glow-in-the-dark mushrooms has been discovered in Sao Paulo, Brazil. If you want to admire this phenomenon, plan to go into the forest during the wettest period and head away from light sources that can dim the faint glow.
3. Fire Rainbow
Another natural phenomenon that occurs in the summer is called a fire rainbow, which occurs when sunlight hits frozen ice crystals in cirrus clouds at high altitude. Since there is no rain during a fire rainbow, scientists prefer to call it a more accurate name: a near-horizontal arc. Since this phenomenon requires the presence of cirrus clouds, and the sun must be very high in the sky, it can be observed more often at latitudes closer to the equator. In Los Angeles, conditions allow for viewing a fire rainbow six months a year, and in London for about two months.
4. Mother of pearl clouds
For those of us far from the equator, there are still plenty of reasons to watch the sky. Pearlescent clouds are a fairly rare occurrence, but most often appear when it is still dark outside before dawn or after sunset. Because of their extremely high altitude, they reflect sunlight from below the horizon, glowing brightly to those viewing them from below. The lower stratosphere, where pearlescent clouds are located, is so dry that it often prevents clouds from forming, but the harsh cold of the polar nights allows you to see this beautiful phenomenon. You can see nacreous clouds in winter at high latitudes, such as in Iceland, Alaska, Northern Canada and very rarely in the UK.
5. Snow rollers
Snow rollers form when a thick layer of snow falls on top of the ice. At certain temperatures and wind speeds, pieces of snow can break free and begin to swirl. As they roll across the ground like winter tumbleweeds, they pick up additional snow along the way. The inner layers tend to be more fragile, allowing the wind to easily blow them away, leaving behind large, natural snow donuts. Since a certain temperature and wind speed are needed to create this effect, snow rollers are a rare phenomenon, but they can be seen in North America and the UK.
6. Basalt columns
A natural volcanic formation, the basalt columns look as if they were made by man. The hexagonal columns form naturally when a thick layer of lava cools rapidly, compressing and creating cracks in the surface of new rock. Unusual geological formations can be seen all over the world. The most striking examples of basalt columns are the Giant's Causeway in Ireland and Devil's Postpile National Monument in California.
7. Rain of animals: we looked at it in more detail
While the small town of Yoro in Honduras hosts the Rain of Fish Festival every year, actual eyewitnesses to the phenomenon are still quite few. However, in general, this phenomenon has been reported in different parts of the world for many centuries. Most cases of animals falling from the sky involved fish, frogs, or small aquatic animals, although there has been evidence of birds, mice, and even pieces of meat falling from the sky. Although this phenomenon is extremely rare, most cases are easily explained. The most obvious explanation is waterspouts, in which a whirlwind lifts small animals from the water, carrying them long distances until they land on your head. If you want to witness the rain of animals, then you should go to places close to water during large storms.
8. Wavy clouds
The newly discovered cloud formations, so-called wavy clouds (Asperatus clouds), are so rare that they were not classified until 2009. Ominous and stormy, these clouds disintegrate rather quickly before they can cause a storm. As with most wavy cloud types, these clouds form when vortices or oncoming air masses mercilessly whip up the lower layers of clouds, resulting in bizarre shapes and formations. These clouds are more common on the plains in the United States and can be observed in the morning or mid-afternoon during thunderstorms.
9. Green beam
The famous and elusive Green Ray is a rare meteorological phenomenon that occurs during sunrise and sunset. During these periods, the sun's light passes through large layers of the atmosphere, creating a prism effect. Of course, this explanation is not as exciting as the sea legends that surround this phenomenon. But you can consider yourself lucky if you were able to observe this phenomenon. To see the green ray, try watching the sun rise or set on the horizon on a clear day. Ocean or prairie horizons work best for this purpose. The green beam only lasts for a split second, so don't blink. In my opinion, this is very similar to the return of the soul from the other world in the movie "Pirates of the Coribus: At World's End"
10. False sun
When the sun is near the horizon and there are ice crystals in the air, you may see several light rainbow spots on either side of the sun. Always to the right and left of the sun along the horizon, these halos faithfully follow the sun across the sky. While this atmospheric phenomenon can happen anytime, anywhere, the effect is usually quite vague. When sunlight passes through cirrus clouds at the right angle, these spots become as bright as the sun. The false sun can be seen most clearly when the sun is low in the sky in colder areas where there are many ice crystals in the sky.
11.Double Rainbow
The same forces that lead to the formation of a regular rainbow can also lead to the creation of a double rainbow. Sometimes, sunlight is reflected in raindrops not once, but twice, creating a second rainbow behind the brighter first rainbow. It is best to observe this phenomenon when the sky is still dark and filled with clouds, as the dark background allows you to see the more hazy colors of the second rainbow.
12.Striped icebergs
Icebergs, as a rule, are not monochromatic. Some icebergs in the polar regions are distinguished by stripes of color, standing out among the Arctic whites and blues. When water on an iceberg melts and refreezes, dirt and other particles can become trapped between the new layers of ice, causing colored streaks to form on their surface. Icebergs may show multiple colored bands. Blue streaks appear when water gets between layers of ice and freezes so quickly that air bubbles don't have time to form. When an iceberg breaks up and falls into the ocean, algae and other materials present in the water can cause green and yellow streaks to appear.
13. Catatumbo Lightning
A rather mysterious phenomenon, Catatumbo lightning in Venezuela is known for its long duration discharges. These continuous lightning bolts can be seen from a distance and have often been noted for their ability to aid sailors in navigation. Since Catatumbo lightning appears about 140-160 nights a year, you have a good chance of seeing it. They occur mainly in one place - above the confluence of the Catatumbo River around Lake Maracaibo.
14. Gravitational wave
Waves occur not only in the water, but also in the sky. When air is pushed upward by a more stable layer of the atmosphere, it can cause a ripple effect, much like what happens when you throw a rock into a pond. For a gravitational wave to occur, there must be a disturbance in the atmosphere, such as the updraft of air from a thunderstorm. According to recent research, gravitational waves can concentrate and intensify tornadoes, so if you are lucky enough to see one, you should first take care of shelter.
15. Moeraki Boulders
The Moeraki Boulders are spherical stones that were naturally excavated from mudstone, a dense clayey rock on the New Zealand coast. People discovered these giants due to erosion, but they acquired their spherical shape for a different reason. The boulders are thought to have formed millions of years ago on the ocean floor, just as pearls formed in oysters - layers of sedimentary rocks and materials crystallized around a central core. Over millions of years, they acquired the enormous size that we can see today. Moeraki Boulders were found on the south coast of New Zealand, but they can also be seen in various areas of South America. 5 February 2014, 22:09
Volcanic lightning
The cause of ordinary lightning during a thunderstorm remains a subject of research, and the nature of volcanic lightning is even less understood. One hypothesis suggests that ejected bubbles of magma or volcanic ash carry an electrical charge and when they move, such separated areas appear. However, volcanic lightning can also be caused by charge-inducing collisions in volcanic dust.
Fire Rainbow
This colorful phenomenon can be seen during the summer season in mid-latitudes such as most of the United States. It is actually a large halo of refracted light, and, despite the name, has nothing to do with fire or a rainbow. It only appears when the sun is at an angle of at least 58 degrees above the horizon, and when there are cirrus clouds in the sky that are filled with plate-like ice crystals. The refraction of light is always parallel to the horizon, and because the arcs are so large, only sections become visible, which is why it can look like sections of clouds on fire. Fire rainbow in the sky over Florida:
Lunar rainbow.
We are almost used to the usual rainbow. A lunar rainbow is a much rarer phenomenon than a rainbow that is visible in daylight.
A lunar rainbow can only appear in places with high humidity and only when the Moon is almost full. Appearing at the opposite end of the sky from the Moon, they usually appear completely white due to the faint coloring, but long exposure photography can capture the true colors, as in this photo taken in Yosemite National Park, California:
Discoid clouds
Discoid (lenticular, lenticular) clouds are a term that denotes a rather rare natural phenomenon, reminiscent of the notorious “flying saucer”. Such clouds form on the crests of air waves or between two layers of air. A characteristic feature of these clouds is that they do not move, no matter how strong the wind is. The air flow sweeping over the earth's surface flows around obstacles, and at the same time air waves are formed. They usually hang on the leeward side of mountain ranges, behind ridges and individual peaks at an altitude of two to fifteen kilometers.
Another example of such a cloud:
Monarch Butterfly Migration
This is one of the most beautiful sights on the planet. Thousands of bright orange moths in a single impulse can cover an impressive distance, flying from Canada to Mexico and back. Perhaps one of the most interesting facts about the migration of butterflies is that during the migration three or four generations of insects are replaced. Despite this, a colony of Monarch butterflies is able to cross the Atlantic, and few can boast of such achievements.
False sun or parhelium
A light round spot on the firmament on one side or both sides of the solar disk. Most often this is a luminous ring formed around a light source, but sometimes the shape of the parhelium can be different, sometimes they take the shape of a pillar, a cross, and sometimes they look like a rainbow. This amazing phenomenon occurs due to the refraction of light in ice crystals at an altitude of 5-10 km; it is the location of the crystals that determines what the parhelium will look like.
Tubular clouds
They are rare, mainly in tropical latitudes and are associated with the formation of tropical cyclones. The cells are usually about one and a half kilometers in size.
Underwater icicles
When the surface of the sea freezes, for example around the north and south poles, the process occurs in such a way that pockets of particularly cold and salty seawater remain on the underside of the ice. This salty mixture is denser than the seawater underneath and tends to sink slowly to the bottom. Now, due to the cold, the cold water below the salty mass freezes around it as it sinks, causing a giant icicle to appear beneath the surface of the ice. This phenomenon was first discovered in 1960.
Green beam
It is considered to be a rare optical phenomenon: lasting from 1-2 seconds to 5 minutes, manifesting itself in the form of a flash of green, less often blue, light at the moment the solar disk disappears beyond the horizon (usually the sea). Many peoples of the world have a legend according to which, if someone sees the “Green Ray” at sunset, he will find an eternally happy and rich destiny, which will bring him nothing but joy in life.
Supercell thunderstorm
Supercell thunderstorms are relatively rare and typically occur in the central United States during the spring, but pose the greatest threat to human health, life and property. Formed by a huge rotating thundercloud 10-15 km high and about 50 km in diameter and creating extreme weather phenomena: tornadoes, heavy winds, large hail.
pillar of light
The reflection of light by ice crystals with almost perfectly horizontal flat surfaces creates a strong beam. The light source can be the Sun, the Moon, or even artificial light. An interesting feature is that the pillar will have the color of that source. In this photo taken in Finland, the orange sunlight at sunset creates an equally orange gorgeous pillar:
"Morning Glory"
The natural phenomenon "Morning Glory" is very rare in nature. The clouds gather into a kind of thunderstorm collar, which is located at an altitude of 1-2 kilometers above the ground. The length of these clouds can reach 1000 kilometers. Similar clouds can be found in Russia, Europe, the USA, and also in other places on our planet. And only in Australia near Cape York does Morning Glory constantly form in the spring. This atmospheric phenomenon is being actively studied by specialists around the world, but to date its nature has not been fully elucidated. There are many assumptions on this topic. One of them is that these are sleeping tornadoes, another is that these are spiral arms of cyclones, and still others are that they are a squall gate that appears before a thunderstorm. But the problem is that such clouds often appear in clear weather.
Moving stones in Death Valley
This mysterious natural phenomenon is observed in Death Valley National Park, California. Scattered among this bare space are boulders - seemingly ordinary ones, ranging in size from a soccer ball to half a ton in weight. And these stones tend to change their location, leaving visible traces of their movement.
Fire tornado
A fire tornado is probably the most beautiful and graceful phenomenon associated with fire, which is created by the vertical forces of a vortex. Apart from its amazing beauty and magically bright forms, the fire tornado is also very dangerous and destructive. It occurs in areas where a tornado starts from fire or burning forest while wind speeds often exceed 100 mph. This phenomenon is very rare, and its appearance is as magnificent as it is tragic. Fire tornadoes are real attractions for extreme sports enthusiasts and photographers.
Immiscible waters of the seas
The Strait of Gibraltar connects the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. The waters seem to be separated by a film and have a clear boundary between them. Each of them has its own temperature, its own salt composition, flora and fauna. Earlier, in 1967, German scientists discovered the fact of non-mixing of water columns in the Bab el-Mandeb Strait, where the waters of the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea, the waters of the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean converge.
And perhaps the most beautiful thing is Northern lights, although it is not at all rare in polar latitudes.
Among the most unusual natural phenomena there are the most terrible ones that pose a real danger to humans. A top list has been compiled from such terrible phenomena. In addition, we know about the most terrible natural phenomenon on the planet.
Top most terrible and unusual natural phenomena
All over the globe, natural phenomena occur from time to time that cannot be called familiar. We are talking about unusual, terrible natural anomalies. They are dangerous to people. The reassuring fact is that such events happen infrequently.Brainicle or "Finger of Death"
In the Arctic, very unusual icicles hang underwater, posing a danger to the inhabitants of the ocean floor. Science has already figured out the formation of such icicles. Salt from glaciers rushes to the bottom in narrow streams, freezing the sea water around it. After a few hours, such a stream, covered with a thin ice crust, begins to resemble a stalactite.The “finger of death”, having reached the bottom, continues to spread further along the bottom. This structure is capable of destroying unhurried living organisms in fifteen minutes.
"Bloody Rain"
Such a terrible name for a natural phenomenon is completely justified. It was observed in the Indian state of Kerala for a month. Bloody rains terrified all local residents. 
It turned out that the reason for this phenomenon was a waterspout, which sucked red algae spores out of reservoirs. Mixed with rainwater, these spores fell on people in the form of bloody rain.
"Black Day"
In September 1938, an inexplicable natural phenomenon occurred in Yamal, which remains unsolved to this day. Suddenly the day became as dark as night.Geologists who witnessed this phenomenon described it as sudden darkness with simultaneous radio silence. Having launched several signal flares, they saw that very dense clouds were hanging close to the ground, not allowing sunlight to pass through. This eclipse lasted no more than an hour.
"Black Fog"
A fog with this name envelops London from time to time. It is known that it was recorded in 1873 and 1880. At that time, almost nothing was visible on the streets; people could only move by holding onto the walls of houses. 
On days when black fog shrouded the city, the mortality rate of its inhabitants increased many times. This is due to the fact that it is extremely difficult to breathe in such fog, even wearing a thick gauze bandage. The last time a “deadly” fog visited the British capital was in 1952.
Fire tornadoes
The top most terrible natural phenomena include fire tornadoes. It is known that tornadoes themselves are very dangerous, but if they are associated with fire, their danger increases sharply. 
These phenomena occur in places of fires, when scattered fires unite into a single large fire. The air above it heats up, its density decreases, because of this the fire rises upward. This pressure of hot air sometimes reaches hurricane speed.
Ball lightning
There is no person who has never heard thunder or seen lightning. However, we will talk about ball lightning, which is a discharge of electric current. Such lightning can take different forms.Ball lightning most often looks like red or yellow fireballs. They disprove the laws of physics by appearing completely unexpectedly in the cabin of a flying airplane or inside a house. Lightning floats in the air for several seconds, after which it disappears without a trace.
Sandstorm
An impressive, but extremely dangerous natural phenomenon is a sandstorm. The sandstorm demonstrates the power and strength of Mother Nature. Such storms occur in deserts. If you get caught in a storm, you can die by suffocating on sand. 
A sandstorm occurs due to strong air flow. At least forty million tons of sand and dust are transported annually from the Sahara Desert to the Nile Basin.
Tsunami
A natural phenomenon such as a tsunami is a consequence of an earthquake. Having formed in some place, a large wave moves at tremendous speed, sometimes reaching thousands of kilometers per hour.Once in shallow water, such a wave grows ten to fifteen meters. Having washed ashore at great speed, the tsunami takes thousands of lives and causes a lot of destruction.
The website has detailed information about other large and destructive waves.
Tornado
A funnel-shaped flow of air is called a tornado. Tornadoes occur more often in the United States, both over water and over land. From the side, a tornado resembles a cone-shaped cloud pillar. The diameter can be tens of meters. The air moves inside it in a circle. Objects that fall inside also begin to move. Sometimes the speed of such movement reaches one hundred kilometers per hour.
Over the past decade, earthquakes have killed seven hundred and eighty thousand people. Shocks occurring inside the earth lead to vibrations of the earth's crust. They can spread over vast areas. As a result of the most powerful earthquakes, entire cities are wiped off the face of the earth and thousands of people die.
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The rainbow can be fiery, the sun can be false, the rain can be fishy, the clouds can be pearlescent, and the desert can be blooming. Ordinary people see these amazing natural phenomena in stories on the Discovery Channel or in feature films. Only a few lucky people get to see them with their own eyes.
The fire rainbow is one of the TOP 15 amazing natural phenomena on earth. It appears when the sun is at a high altitude and its rays illuminate ice crystals. This happens in the summer - where there are cirrus clouds and latitudes located near the equator. Residents of Los Angeles are luckier - they can see a fiery rainbow for almost six months.
Amazing physical phenomena of nature also occur in areas far from the equator. Pearlescent clouds appear in polar latitudes in winter, when temperatures drop to abnormal levels. It is difficult to see them because they are located at an altitude of 15-30 km from the ground. What is unusual is that they shimmer with all colors after sunset and decorate the evening sky.
The blooming Atacama Desert in Chile is another natural phenomenon that happens once every 7-10 years. For the first time, the Atacama blossomed after a heavy rainfall that turned into a flood. Moisture turned out to be life-giving for plant seeds.
It rains:
- shower;
- blind;
- drizzling;
- summer;
- mushroom;
- thunderstorm;
- fishy
Fish rain is a phenomenon for meteorologists, although cases of its occurrence are periodically recorded in different countries. In Honduras it falls every May-July. The small town of Yoro even hosts an annual themed festival.
Stormy skies, gusty winds, pouring rain - the bad weather rages for several hours. When the rain subsides, thousands of live fish remain on the ground. Scientists explain this by the force of the wind, which lifts fish from the depths of the sea and moves them several kilometers.
Parhelium is the scientific name for this optical phenomenon. It is formed in the air at sunrise or sunset and is the reflection of multiple solar rays in ice crystals. The human eye perceives it as bright spots located on both sides of the sun and moving along the horizon synchronously.
Scientists have been unable to explain the physics of this natural miracle for several decades. Weighty stones move independently along the bottom of the lake in Death Valley.
The researchers were not able to see the movement process, but the fact is a fact. The stones move several meters along a complex trajectory, leaving deep marks, turning over on their sides and tumbling.
The Maldives is deservedly called a paradise resort. Here even the beaches glow at night. The secret of the glow is the phytoplankton that washes up on the shore and shimmers blue in the waves. Beaches in the Maldives often glow; to be sure to see them, you need to choose moonless nights. The picture is unforgettable.
The northern lights are also amazing in nature, painting the dark sky yellow, red, blue and other colors in 2-3 seconds. During the aurora, the street is as bright as day.
The best place to see the Northern Lights is in Lapland, where wildlife thrives and the air is clear and unpolluted by city buildings or distorted by street lighting. When the solar wind (charged particles) is attracted to the Earth's magnetic pole, a multi-colored glow appears.
Fragile butterflies with black and orange plumage live in North America. Every year, monarchs migrate to California and Mexico to escape the cold. While walking through Californian parks, you can observe a unique picture - bushes and trees covered with cute birds. Mexicans associate monarchs with the souls of the deceased - this is due to the fact that butterflies fly to the country on All Souls' Day.
The most amazing phenomena for some countries are considered ordinary in other countries. One of them is sandstorms that occur in the deserts of Africa and Asia and other areas suffering from moisture deficiency. Gusts of wind pick up sand, lift it to a height and carry it tens of kilometers away. There is something mystical about this, especially if you observe sandstorms in the area of the Egyptian pyramids.
A blue moon is rare; Canadians experience it when the air is excessively humid or smoky. The last time the unusually colored moon appeared in the sky was during the forest fires and remained there for about a week. At times its color changed to red or blue.
Every second day there is a thunderstorm with discharges lasting up to 10 hours. Over a year there are more than a million lightning strikes, they can be seen from 400-500 km away. This natural phenomenon can be observed in South America - in the place where the Catatumbo River flows into the lake. The area in the area is swampy, with a high methane content. Scientists believe that gas accumulating in the atmosphere fuels lightning.
The outline is the shadow of a huge bear, although bears are not found in the mountains of the American state of North Carolina. This unique phenomenon can be observed twice a year – in October-November and February-March. It is not surprising that tourists from different countries come to America to see the unusual shadow. She only appears for 30 minutes.
Why the eye? From a bird's eye view, this geological formation looks like a huge eye. Its dimensions are truly enormous - more than 50 km in diameter. Astronauts at one time navigated by it because the eye of Africa stood out against the monochromatic sandy background of the Sahara.
In Indonesia, at an altitude of 2.6 km, there is a volcano called Kawa Ijen. It is unique with blue lava - the result of burning sulfur.
The blue flame is visible from afar - it rises up to 5 meters. But to see this miracle of nature, tourists will have to make a difficult trek along volcanic rocks and then descend to the center of the crater. The road to the blue volcano will take about 3 hours.
20. Lunar rainbow.
We are almost used to the usual rainbow. A lunar rainbow is a much rarer phenomenon than a rainbow that is visible in daylight. A lunar rainbow can only appear in places with high humidity and only when the Moon is almost full. The photo shows a moonbow at Cumberland Falls in Kentucky.
19. Mirages
Despite their prevalence, mirages always evoke an almost mystical sense of wonder. We all know the reason for the appearance of most mirages - overheated air changes its optical properties, causing light inhomogeneities called mirages.
Usually, halos occur when there is high humidity or severe frost - previously, a halo was considered a phenomenon from above, and people expected something unusual.
17. Belt of Venus
An interesting optical phenomenon that occurs when the atmosphere is dusty is an unusual “belt” between the sky and the horizon.
16. Pearl clouds
Unusually high clouds (about 10-12 km), becoming visible at sunset.
15. Northern lights.
Appears when high-energy elementary particles collide with the Earth's ionosphere.
14. Colored Moon
When the atmosphere is dusty, high humidity, or for other reasons, the Moon sometimes appears colored. The red Moon is especially unusual.
13. Lenticular clouds
An extremely rare phenomenon, appearing mainly before a hurricane. Opened just 30 years ago. Also called Mammatus clouds.
12. St. Elmo's Fire.
A fairly common phenomenon caused by increased electric field strength before a thunderstorm, during a thunderstorm and immediately after. The first witnesses to this phenomenon were sailors who observed St. Elmo's lights on masts and other vertical pointed objects.
11. Fire whirlwinds.
They often form during fires - they can also appear over burning haystacks.
10. Mushroom clouds.
They also form over places with elevated temperatures - over forest fires, for example.
9. Light pillars.
The nature of these phenomena is similar to the conditions that cause the appearance of a halo.
8. Diamond dust.
Frozen water droplets scattering the light of the Sun.
7. Fish, frog and other rains.
One of the hypotheses explaining the appearance of such rains is a tornado that sucks out nearby bodies of water and carries their contents over long distances.
A phenomenon that occurs when ice crystals fall from clouds that do not reach the surface of the earth, evaporating along the way.
Hurricane winds have many names. They arise when air masses move from the upper layers to the lower ones.
4. Fire rainbow.
Occurs when sunlight passes through high clouds.
3. Green beam.
An extremely rare phenomenon that occurs at sunset or sunrise.
2. Ball lightning.
There are many hypotheses explaining the origin of these phenomena, but none have been proven yet.
1. Optical flashes and jets
Only recently discovered due to their short existence (less than a second). Occurs when hurricanes occur.
