How long does it take for menstruation. Duration of menstruation: normal menstrual cycle. Video: Gynecologist on the consequences of using hormonal drugs

The reproductive system of a woman is the most complex complex of organs, which not only ensures the birth of children, but also plays an important role in the female body. The fact that all the organs of the genitourinary system of a woman cope with their functions ultimately determines both well-being and mood, and in some cases, the state of health in general.

The most common diseases affecting the female reproductive organs include, in particular, cervical ectopia, endometriosis and uterine fibroids.

Causes of cervical ectopia

Ectopia of the cervix (the term "ectopia" has long replaced the outdated term "erosion") can have a different origin. This ectopia of the epithelium of the cervix, pseudo-erosion of the cervix, erosion of the cervix, endocervicosis. In the practice of a gynecologist, there are ectopias that are traumatic in nature, but much more often specialists have to deal with ectopias of an infectious origin. Most often, viral infections (mainly human papillomavirus, HPV) become the cause of the development of cervical ectopia, less often bacteria.

Treatment of ectopia

The main difficulty in the treatment of diseases of this group is timely diagnosis: unfortunately, despite the abundance of information about the importance of regular visits to the gynecologist, many patients still miss annual preventive examinations, seeking medical help only in the later stages of the disease.

The prevalence of ectopia of the cervix

The problem of cervical ectopia is extremely common: one or another disease from this group is found in every second woman who turns to a gynecologist with complaints of discomfort, pain during sexual intercourse, bloody discharge during sexual contact (the so-called contact discharge). The latter speaks already of the neglect of the process. If the cause of ectopia is an infectious process, then the woman is concerned about the discharge.

What tests need to be done?

If cervical ectopia is suspected, a PCR test is performed to detect the human papillomavirus, as well as bacterial culture to detect staphylococcus, streptococcus, e. coli and other bacteria that can cause inflammation of the cervix - endocervicitis. Patients are also checked for the presence of cytomegalovirus infection and the herpes virus. All these tests can be performed in the network of clinics "Health", as well as transvaginal ultrasound. It is advisable for patients with ectopia to carry out an extended colposcopy with various samples to exclude malignant changes in the cervical region.

Consequences of HPV

When HPV of high oncogenic risk is detected, patients must be prescribed treatment to prevent the development of cancer. However, cervical cancer is not the only problem associated with ectopia: patients often complain of reduced fertility, libido (sex drive), so cervical disease must be treated, regardless of the presence or absence of the risk of developing cancer against the background of ectopia. If necessary, the doctors of the clinics of the Zdorovye network carry out cauterization of ectopia by electrocoagulation and pharmaceutical preparations.

Endometriosis: symptoms

Another extremely common gynecological problem is endometriosis, a condition that is clinically manifested by chronic pulling pains in the lower abdomen. The pain may be permanent. Also, endometriosis is characterized by the presence of brown spotting discharge before and after menstruation. Menstrual bleeding itself against the background of endometriosis becomes abundant and painful.

Reasons for the development of endometriosis

Endometriosis is a consequence of varicose veins of the small pelvis, circulatory disorders in the small pelvis. That is why endometriosis is often detected in professional athletes, young and practically healthy women: intense physical activity can provoke circulatory disorders, and it, in turn, lead to endometriosis.

Diagnosis of endometriosis in the clinic "Health"

To diagnose endometriosis, the Health network of clinics conducts an ultrasound examination, on which the doctor, as a rule, detects an enlarged uterus with characteristic growths.

How to prevent endometriosis?

You can prevent the development of endometriosis by limiting physical activity and refusing activities that require excessive effort. Such prevention is especially important for women whose relatives suffer from endometriosis: it has been proven that the predisposition to this disease is inherited.

For the treatment of endometriosis in the network of clinics "Health" drugs are used that relax the uterus. If endometriosis has developed against the background of inflammation, we also treat the cause of inflammation, and in the later stages of endometriosis we use hormonal drugs. However, it is better to organize treatment in such a way that there is no need to prescribe hormonal drugs.

Consequences of untreated endometriosis

Untreated endometriosis can cause infertility or uterine fibroids. The latter is a fairly common complication of the nodular form of endometriosis, but can also develop as an independent disease.

Uterine fibroids: symptoms

In general, uterine fibroids is a benign tumor that occurs in the muscular layer of the uterus, the myometrium. Characteristic manifestations of fibroids are pain in the lower abdomen, intermenstrual bleeding, heavy and prolonged periods and pain during defecation.

When should you visit a doctor?

Uterine fibroids often develop in young girls, including those who have not given birth and who are not sexually active, as well as in adult women aged 25 years or more. Since it is impossible to predict the appearance of fibroids, all women, starting from the onset of menstruation, should regularly visit a gynecologist and undergo all necessary examinations, including ultrasound.

Treatment of uterine fibroids

If a fibroid is detected, we begin to observe it. Signs of active neoplasm growth are an indication for prescribing drugs, including drugs that cause a reversible condition similar to menopause. Since the growth of fibroids depends on female sex hormones, during the period of artificial menopause, it stops.

The consequences of an advanced disease

In advanced cases, the myomatous node can become necrotic and cause septic conditions, a deadly condition. But even in the absence of such serious complications, fibroids can significantly worsen the quality of life, for example, causing infertility.

How to avoid female diseases?

Prevention, diagnosis and treatment of gynecological diseases should become an integral part of the life of a modern woman who takes care of herself and values ​​her health. That is why you should not postpone a visit to the gynecologist, even if there are no reasons for concern.

Menstruation is an important process in the life of every girl, which is a sign of her readiness for reproductive function. Ignorance of the basic norms and possible violations during this period causes stress and excitement in adolescents and adult girls. To understand how many days menstruation is normal, read the information provided.

How do normal critical days in women

It is impossible to specifically answer the question of how many days menstruation lasts. It all depends on the individual characteristics of the organism. Within the normal range, the time of menstruation should not exceed 2-8 days. A deviation from this pattern may indicate serious problems. The menstrual cycle should last from 21 to 35 days. The volume of blood and fluid released during critical days is 50-80 ml.

The main signs of the onset of menstruation include:

1. Changes in skin condition (rash, redness, acne).
2. Drawing pains in lower back and abdomen.
3. Breast filling.

How to calculate the duration of the menstrual cycle

Knowing how long your period lasts, you can monitor your health. To make correct calculations, mark on the calendar the date of the first day of menstruation of the current month and the next. The number of days between them will be considered the correct number. Ideally, the cycle should be stable, but a delay of 1-2 days is acceptable and is considered the norm.

How long do girls first periods last?

The first critical days begin in adolescents aged 11-14 years. At this time, the girl will probably feel pain or other discomfort in the lower abdomen. Allocations will be both meager and plentiful. The period of spotting can be delayed for 2-8 days. In this case, the second menstruation sometimes occurs only after 2-3 months, which is considered normal. At this time, a constant cycle is established, which over time will be from 21 to 35 days. After the first menstruation, it is better to see a gynecologist.

How long are periods after childbirth or caesarean

After the conception of the baby, menstruation does not bother the woman all the time of pregnancy. The regular menstrual cycle is restored for everyone at different times. This largely depends on the hormone prolactinoma, which is produced if the baby is breastfed. If you wean the baby early from mother's milk, then the normal work of the ovaries will begin in six months. In some cases, mothers cannot breastfeed their child from birth. Then the critical days will come in 4-10 weeks.

In addition, there are a number of reasons that cause a delay in the beginning of menstruation or their unscheduled start:

• stress;
• malnutrition;
• lack of sleep;
• various diseases and disorders of the body.

After childbirth, lochia is released from the vagina - blood clots of mucus, which many confuse with critical days. The cause of their appearance is considered to be stretching and then contraction of the uterus. The first days the number of lochias is very large, but after 6-8 weeks the bleeding will stop. If after childbirth and in the absence of breastfeeding, menstruation did not appear, you should consult a doctor.

Why do periods take longer than usual?

A change in the duration of the menstrual period may indicate a number of serious diseases. There are several reasons for this problem. The main ones include:

• daily stress;
• climate change;
• hormonal disorders;
• alcohol;
• smoking;
• malnutrition;
• great physical activity.

If you are worried about how long your period lasts, you should definitely consult a doctor. Delaying treatment can lead to the following problems:

• improper functioning of the ovaries (over time, it will develop into infertility);
• cyst formation;
• tumors in the organs of the genitourinary system.

What to do in case of violations of the cycle

If there is a failure in the menstrual cycle, this indicates problems in the functioning of the organs of the genitourinary system. The result of such a violation can be serious consequences, so it is better to immediately contact a gynecologist for advice. In addition, sometimes the question of how long menstruation lasts is raised by women when there is an ectopic pregnancy, cysts or tumors. Treatment should be carried out under the supervision of a physician. To restore the cycle, you need to establish the main causes that could cause the problem:

• infectious diseases;
• hormonal disorders;
• inflammatory processes.

Video: how many days are menstruation normal

They appear during puberty, and then repeat monthly throughout the entire reproductive age up to 50 or even more years. After that, it’s still impossible to say exactly which woman has it, because during the first two years the hormonal background is normalizing, and therefore. But at an older age, a woman already clearly knows how many days menstruation comes.

The regularity of the menstrual cycle is a sign of the health of the woman's reproductive system, therefore, in case of delays or too frequent onset of menstruation, the cause of such a violation should be immediately ascertained.

In this article, you will find out what interval between periods is the norm, whether there is an acceptable deviation in the duration of the cycle, and why there are short or long breaks between the rules.

How the cycle is calculated

The most incorrect way to calculate the arrival time of the next critical days by calendar date is that it is very often used by inexperienced young girls. For example, menstrual flow began on January 3rd, and the lady is expected to have her next period on February 3rd, and is very surprised when she starts bleeding a little earlier.

In fact, the cycle is not tied to a specific date, it is characterized by a certain duration, which is individual for each woman, and the countdown of a new cycle starts from the first day of the next regulation. The number of days that have passed from the beginning of the previous menstruation to the beginning of the current one is just the length of the cycle. This parameter can vary within 21-35 days, the main thing is that menstruation should be at regular intervals.

If the duration of the cycle in each month is different, and at the same time the woman feels discomfort or even sharp pains in the lower abdomen, she should definitely consult a specialist.

How many days between periods is normal?

No specialist will give a specific answer to the question of what interval between periods is considered the norm. This interval is individual for each representative of the fair sex. The average frequency of the onset of regulation is 28 days, just such a cycle is artificially formed using contraceptive hormonal drugs. In life, not every woman can boast of perfect health and a cycle duration of 28 days.

Experts allow a deviation in this indicator of +/- 7 days, that is, with a minimum cycle duration, menstruation begins every 21 days, and the maximum interval between the regulations, which can be considered the norm, is 35 days. During this period, a woman's reproductive system must go through many important processes aimed at preparing the body for a possible pregnancy and gestation:

• the dominant follicle matures;
• the follicle ruptures and a mature egg is released;
• a layer of the endometrium sufficient for the implantation of a fertilized egg is prepared;
• a corpus luteum is formed that secretes pregnancy hormones.

Each of the processes listed above must be complete and complete, otherwise there are violations of the menstrual cycle - it is shortened or lengthened. With single failures, you should not panic, but if your periods begin to come irregularly in each cycle, then you need to seek medical help.

Normally, the intervals between the regulations can be unstable in adolescents, in women during the period of withering of reproductive function, after childbirth and when taking certain medications. If the cycle is broken, but all these factors are absent, then the cause may be pathological. In addition, you should worry if or, as well as if their duration is too shortened or lengthened.

The following factors can change the interval between critical days:

• sudden weight loss or weight gain before the start of the cycle, unbalanced diet, alcohol, bad habits;
• stressful situations can increase the break between regulations;
• increased physical or psycho-emotional stress;
• climate zone change;
• abortion, surgery.

If, in addition to changing the interval between periods, a woman feels bloating, nausea, dizziness, or any other unpleasant symptoms, this may be a sign of inflammatory or infectious diseases, endometriosis, polyps, fibroids, or cancerous tumors in the reproductive organs.

The interval between ovulation and the next regulation

The length of the interval between periods in most cases is determined by the moment when ovulation occurs. An indicator of the norm is the release of the egg from the dominant follicle on the 14th day after the start of the regulation. If the cycle is 28 days, then 14 days should also pass from ovulation to the next period, but a minimum delay of 1-2 days is allowed.

If a woman is characterized by the arrival of menstruation every 28 days, but for some reason ovulation occurred earlier, for example, on days 11-12, then menstruation will also come earlier on days 25-26. A similar situation may occur after the successful completion of the treatment of any pathology. Similarly, the body shows that it has recovered and is ready to bear offspring. Rest in a hot climate zone or on mineral waters can reduce the duration. If your period comes a little earlier than usual, there is no need to panic, it is important that the cycle does not become less than 21 days.

The second, luteal phase from ovulation to the arrival of the next regulation lasts exactly 14 days, but the first part of the cycle is too influenced by various factors, which leads to both slow and rapid maturation of the egg, and this entails a lengthening or shortening of the cycle as a whole . With age, the interval between periods increases, and closer to it it can reach up to 40-48 days, this is not a pathology if the figure is approximately the same from month to month.

small loop

Ovulation is a very complex process for which the body prepares in advance, so immediately after menstruation, a new ovulation cannot occur. It takes a certain time for the follicle to mature, for this reason the first 8-10 days of the cycle are conventionally considered safe for pregnancy. It is on this principle that the calendar method of protection is based.

But the female body is a very subtle mechanism that can be affected by almost any factor, so it is difficult to predict what impact a lifestyle change or another quarrel with superiors at work will have on the range between periods. In theory, conception can occur on the 7th-8th day of the cycle, when conditions are created for the rapid maturation of the egg, and such cases do happen, especially when the normal duration of the cycle, due to the individual characteristics of the body for a woman, is less than 21 days.

A minimal break between periods can occur during adolescence and during menopause, as well as due to hormonal imbalance. For example, when the level of progesterone increases significantly, the egg may not ripen at all. The follicular phase, which usually takes 2 weeks, can be reduced to 7 days. Most often, when the period between periods becomes less than 21 days, the absence of ovulation is detected. It is possible to diagnose such an anomaly on ultrasound, which is carried out in different phases throughout the month.

Big cycle

If a woman's period occurs every 28-35 days, there is no need to worry, this cycle length is a variant of the norm. A large gap between the regulation is observed in cases where the length of the follicular phase increases. Most often, this phenomenon is explained by the peculiarities of the hormonal background, in which the body needs more time for the maturation of the follicle and the release of the egg.

If menstruation comes after more than 35 days, you should consult a doctor, as this may be a sign of pathology. Closer to the interval between periods can really increase, but gradually. This is due to changes in the process of egg maturation due to the withering of the reproductive function of the ovaries.

If they occur in women of reproductive age, then a diagnosis of "" can be made. This is a condition in which menstruation occurs after 40 days or more, caused by the exhaustion of the ovaries. Such a pathology requires mandatory treatment. Additional symptoms of the disease are acne on the face and back, as well as an increased level of testosterone, which inhibits the process of egg maturation. The menstrual flow itself with oligomenorrhea is very scarce and more like a daub.

Endocrine diseases that lead to impaired secretion of hormones by the hypothalamus, pituitary gland and thyroid gland can increase the duration of the interval between critical days. If a woman is of reproductive age and still plans to have children, she should definitely find out the reason for both lengthening and shortening the duration of the cycle, and undergo treatment for the detected pathologies.

To determine how many days menstruation comes, you need to know what their frequency is. Also of no small importance is the age of the woman and the state of her health. Even after childbirth, the restoration of the monthly cycle is an individual process.

The concept of menstruation

When not fertilized by sperm, it breaks down within a few days. The renewal of the entire system of childbearing begins. Menstruation (menstruation) begins. They represent such a period of the monthly cycle when blood discharge comes out of the vagina. Together with the blood, old cells of the endometrium of the uterus and the corpus luteum come out.

During menstruation, the surface layer of the uterus is updated, a new layer of the endometrium is lined. They look like small gelatinous clots that come out with the blood. First, there are highlights of bright red color. They are quite plentiful. But from the middle of menstruation, the discharge gradually darkens, becoming brown at the end. The intensity of the outgoing blood decreases every day.

In general, during this period, approximately 40-60 milliliters of blood comes out per day. But its amount can vary from more to less, and depends on the characteristics of the body of each woman. The duration of the period when menstruation occurs is about 5-7 days. The day of the onset of menstruation in gynecology is considered the day of the beginning of a new monthly cycle.

Menstrual cycle and menstrual irregularities

The monthly cycle and menstruation are different concepts. The monthly cycle is the period during which the maturation, development and release of the egg into the fallopian tube for fertilization occurs. On average, it can last 21-35 days. Menstruation is included in this cycle and is about 5-7 days. For girls who have just started their period, “these days” may be longer.

In this case, the menstrual cycle has not yet been established. It is necessary that at least 2 years pass so that it coincides with the average terms. The menstrual cycle can fluctuate in women after 45. This may mean the onset of menopause.

The reasons for the "jumps" of the monthly cycle in women are:

• diseases of the genitourinary system;
• taking certain drugs;
• hormonal changes;
• violation of ovulation;
• premenopausal period.

In some cases, the flow of menstruation may be atypical. Violations can be:

1. Amenorrhea. Periods are absent for a long time, then they go and are absent again. With the exclusion of pregnancy and the onset of menopause, this may indicate serious health problems.
2. Mecorrapia. Menstruation lasts more than 7 days or is too heavy. In the second case, the woman has to repeatedly change the gasket within an hour. May indicate a serious illness.
3. Dysmenorrhea. Before the onset of menstruation, a woman experiences severe pain in her back, abdomen, chest.
4. Irregular periods, when the moment of their onset "jumps". The menstrual cycle is 21 to 30 days. Usually they are harbingers of the onset of menopause, when the balance of hormones is disturbed.
5. dystrophic disorder. Psycho-emotional disorder occurs before menstruation. A woman can be especially irritable, or withdraw into herself, a state of depression sets in.
6. Bleeding between menses. Bloody discharge indicates serious disorders in the body.
7. Early menses. The time interval between them is shorter than 21 days. Usually the cause is a violation of ovulation of the egg due to insufficient levels of the hormone progesterone.

In girls, the body begins to rebuild from the age of eight. The process of becoming a woman is different for every girl. It usually depends on heredity. “These days” start to go at the same age as mom.

They come at about 11-14 years old, but sometimes they start early. For example, they started at the age of 8. And also later - at the age of 16. The reason is hormonal imbalance.

The following symptoms indicate that the girl has:

• breast enlarges;
• hair begins to grow on the body;
• the first discharge from the vagina appears.

Resumption of menstruation after childbirth

The vast majority of women stop their periods when they become pregnant.

If a woman breastfeeds after childbirth, they usually do not resume during this entire period.

The reason is the production of the hormone prolactin by the body of a nursing mother. It suppresses the increase in hormones that are responsible for the onset and flow of menstruation. The more the baby breastfeeds, the more prolactin. When the child is on mixed or artificial feeding, the level of the hormone drops sharply. The monthly cycle resumes.

In women whose babies are mixed-fed, menstruation should begin, but pregnancy does not occur during the entire feeding period.

Artificial cycle change

A change in the monthly cycle leads to a shift in the time of the onset of menstruation. In some cases, women may need to bring or delay the onset of menstruation. If not often, then this can be done using folk remedies or medications. For example, if during the week before the probable beginning of "these days" you drink an infusion of nettle or burnet, the monthly cycle shifts. Menstruation will resume no earlier than in 3 weeks.

It is possible to reduce the level of the tarragon hormone in the body and thereby delay the onset of "special" days with the help of pharmacy oral contraceptives or gestagens.

To, you need to drink medicinal herbs. But in everything there should be a measure. Abuse of such drugs can lead to serious disorders in the body.

How many days should monthly discharge be normal? This question worries not only girls who first encountered menstruation, but also quite adult women. It is most often asked when they come to an appointment with a gynecologist.

The amount and nature of the discharge is individual for each woman. But there are certain criteria by which you can clearly distinguish the normal course of the cycle from gynecological diseases.

The menstrual cycle in girls

Girls reach puberty earlier than boys. The day on which the first menstruation occurs is called menarche - it indicates the functional maturity of the ovaries. Despite the fact that the hormonal background of the girl is ready for the onset of pregnancy, the genital tract and uterus mature after a few years. Only by the age of 18 is a normal girl ready for pregnancy and the birth of her first child.

The first year after menarche, the cycle is set when the body adapts to changes in hormonal levels.

At this time, there may be various changes in the nature of menstruation, which should not be mistaken for a serious illness. It is better to teach the girl the rules of personal hygiene and explain the need to correctly calculate the duration of the cycle by day.

When does menses start?

There are certain time frames when the first menstruation (menarche) comes in normal. If they occur before the age of nine, then this indicates precocious puberty. At the first discharge at the age of over 15 years, we can talk about primary infertility against the background of hormonal disorders.

How long do menses last for girls? By the first menstruation, one should not judge the cycle - it will be fully established within a year. The next discharge may appear only after a few months. But usually the duration is set immediately and ranges from 21 to 35 days. This period includes the time of menstruation itself - normally from 3 to 7 days.

Preparing for the first period

The time of maturation of the reproductive system in girls depends on various factors. It all depends on the individual level of hormones - only under their influence the development of the reproductive system begins:

1. Heredity strongly affects the timing of menarche and the duration of the cycle. How many days do your mothers and grandmothers have their periods? If you ask them well, you can find many similarities between the course of your menstrual cycles. And do not forget the female relatives from the side of the father.
2. The climate of the place of residence and nationality also determine the timing of the first menstruation. In warm southern regions, especially coastal ones, people get enough solar heat and trace elements. This allows you to speed up your metabolism by increasing the level of certain hormones. Therefore, the work of the sex glands begins a little earlier, and their maturity normally occurs by the age of 13.
3. The level of physical activity affects metabolism. With adequate loads, the girl's body begins to develop faster. Therefore, active and vigorous girls rarely have problems with the course of the menstrual cycle.
4. Proper nutrition and the absence of chronic diseases do not distract the girl's body from the processes of growth and development. He receives enough nutrients and vitamins for the timely maturation of the ovaries. The most dangerous stress in adolescence, when girls begin to limit themselves in food and activity.

A favorable combination of all these factors ensures the timely appearance of the first menstruation. There are no problems with them in the future - they become regular not only in duration, but also in character.

Changes in the girl's body

An increase in sex hormones occurs much earlier than menarche. The signal for the beginning of maturation is given by the brain - special substances begin to be released there that accelerate the growth of the ovaries. A sign preceding the first menstruation is a slight swelling of the mammary glands and labia majora:

• Under the influence of female sex hormones - estrogens - the growth of the egg and the inner lining of the uterus begins. But estrogens are present in the blood from birth. Their effect before puberty on these organs is minimal due to the blockade of special receptors.
• Due to a sudden surge of hormones, the inner layer of the uterus with the first egg is rejected. Since the system is still immature, the duration of menstruation is usually short - up to three days.
• Menarche occurs at night - at this time, the level of all hormones changes. You can’t call them abundant either - a small amount of blood is released, which has a smearing character.
• Clots in the discharge are normally absent, but the blood is quite dark and thick. Girls are usually frightened at the first menstruation, when underwear and bedding gets dirty.

On the part of the mother at this time, it will be necessary to calm the child and communicate with him in a confidential atmosphere. It is necessary to explain the issues of personal hygiene of a woman, as well as the rules for calculating the duration of the cycle.

Mother's actions during the first menstruation

The main activities relate to psychological preparation. The mother is the only close person who can simply and clearly talk about her experience. A woman should take a look at what kind of discharge during menarche - they should be dark red in color and fairly uniform.

They start with personal hygiene issues - for the period of menarche, you can use ordinary sanitary pads.

According to them, the volume of blood is estimated - when it goes from 2 to 3 per day, then this is the norm. Exceeding this indicator or meager spotting is not always a sign of illness - it can be an individual feature of the body. It is worth paying attention to the well-being of the girl - the disease usually worsens it.

End the conversation by explaining how to calculate the duration of the menstrual cycle. The first day is the beginning of the menarche, and the calculation of regularity begins with it. The following discharge may occur in two months - during the year the body adapts to the changes.

menstruation in women

How long do menses last for girls? In the reproductive age, the reproductive system normally comes into a state of full readiness for pregnancy and childbirth. This means that the duration and regularity of the cycle become constant. This flow can be broken only by severe shocks in a woman's life - stress or illness.

In some gynecological diseases, both the normal duration of menstruation and their nature may change.

Usually there is a shortening in time - menstruation lasts less than 3 days. Irregular discharges are also common - there can be an interval of up to 6 months between them. If it is more than normal, then we can already talk about the infertility of a woman.

With age, the hormonal activity of the ovaries gradually fades away. This happens under the influence of general aging of the body. The possibility of childbearing is reduced, so menstruation changes its character, and then disappears.

Changes in a woman's body during menstruation

When sexual function is fully formed under the influence of estrogens and other hormones, cyclic maturation of eggs occurs. This process is controlled by the brain and ovaries - there is an alternate increase in their activity. Thus, adequate preparation of the body for a possible pregnancy is achieved:

1. Under the influence of estrogens and progestins, the egg and endometrium, the inner layer of the uterus, mature.
2. If pregnancy does not occur, then all these formations must be removed. This is done for their constant renewal - "old" cells accumulate defects in themselves.
3. There is a jump in brain hormones, and the endometrium is removed by destroying the underlying vessels. Therefore, menstruation is accompanied by a slight bleeding.

Changes in the system of blood and immunity provide a quick cessation of the expiration of secretions and the beginning of recovery of the mucosa.

Menstruation is normal

Despite the rapid recovery of the uterine mucosa, the discharge continues from 3 to 7 days. This is due to the peculiarities of menstrual blood - it almost does not clot.

If this property was not there, then clots formed inside the uterus and vagina, which would make it difficult for the outflow of secretions. The nature of menstruation:

• A little blood is released during the entire menstruation - from 20 to 60 ml. And the maximum amount falls on the first day.
• It should be homogeneous - not contain dense clots. But there may be streaks, as the discharge contains mucus and tissue particles.
• Its color varies from dark red to brown.
• Menstruation may be accompanied by a change in well-being - dizziness, weakness, heaviness in the lower abdomen.

The amount of discharge is individual for each woman and is determined through the amount of hygiene products spent per day.

If it seems to you that the discharge is too scarce or plentiful, consult a gynecologist for advice.

Hygiene during menstruation

Its rules must be learned from adolescence - this will help the mother, and then the local gynecologist. Keeping the genitals clean is necessary for as long as the days of menstruation. Many people forget about this, because in the last days the flow of blood is not so plentiful.

But it is at this time that there is a high risk of microbes entering and developing inflammation.

Water procedures always come first - washing should be done up to three times a day. Special tools are not required - use warm boiled water and special soap (intimate). In terms of general procedures, a shower is preferable, since a bath and a bath can increase blood flow.

Only after washing use hygiene products - pads or tampons. Their number depends on the volume of secretions - normally two per day is enough. Nowadays, there is a wide variety of them - in size and absorbency.

It is also worth replacing these funds in a timely manner - menstrual blood is a favorable environment for the reproduction of bacteria.