Respiratory gymnastics in children with bronchial asthma. Breathing exercises in bronchial asthma. The benefits of breathing exercises

Asthma is a serious disease that can be treated with the use of medications, as well as a complex of breathing exercises. Correct execution technique improves the functioning of the respiratory organs.

Breathing exercises for asthma increase the elasticity of the walls of the bronchi, blood flows through the blood vessels in a larger volume, carrying a sufficient amount of oxygen. In addition, it is an effective way to prevent stroke.

If you perform therapeutic exercises correctly, then it not only helps the body fight the disease, but also has a positive effect on the body as a whole:

• metabolism returns to normal;
• the content of cholesterol decreases;
• immunity is strengthened;
• the heart works correctly, without disturbances;
• the patient's nervous system becomes more resilient, stress is relieved.

If we talk about gymnastics for breathing in general, then it is worth saying that it improves the quality of life of the patient.

From the point of view of the impact on the disease, the following positive effects of exercise can be noted:

• gas exchange in the organs of the respiratory system is normalized, and the cells receive the necessary amount of oxygen;
• with proper breathing, mucus is better removed from the bronchi;
• chest muscles become stronger and more elastic;
• stagnation of blood in the lungs is prevented;
• adhesions are prevented.

What results are achieved

Breathing in bronchial asthma is an important point that should be given great attention. If you correctly and regularly perform breathing exercises, you can achieve the desired results.

The bronchi are freed from mucus, ventilation and respiratory function of the lungs improves. Breathing properly with asthma means minimizing the frequency of asthma attacks.

Proper exercise allows you to achieve the following results:

• the severity of symptoms decreases;
• the respiratory apparatus is restored and returns to normal;
• the emotional state improves;
• the impact of stresses that exacerbate the disease is reduced;
• sleep is normalized.

In order to achieve maximum results, experts advise doing gymnastics in complete silence. Do not turn on the music, it is better to focus on the inhalations and exhalations. The main principles of classes should be regularity, correct exercise and a serious approach.

Basic rules for doing gymnastics

Breathing exercises in asthma, as well as in bronchitis, should be carried out in complete rest, without haste and regularly.

There are a number of rules for training in bronchial asthma, following which you can avoid a large load on the body and achieve a better result:

• during gymnastics, you need to breathe through your mouth. If you do not follow this rule when doing exercises for the treatment of bronchial asthma, then the contents from the nasopharynx can enter the lungs, and the exercises will not only not give the desired effect, but also harm the body;
• with an exacerbation of the disease, exercises should be performed in between attacks. If you do not follow this rule, then a severe cough and bronchospasm may occur;
• breathing should be shallow so as not to provoke an increase in the symptoms of the disease. Emotions need to be controlled;
• regularity is the main requirement for performing exercises.

Exercises are prescribed in accordance with the individual characteristics of the patient. It is necessary to follow all the recommendations given by the attending physician.

Breathing exercises techniques

There are a large number of methods for doing gymnastics for asthma. The most effective is breathing exercises according to Buteyko and Strelnikova.

Performing these two types of gymnastics for asthma is available not only to adults, but also to children.

Please note: no matter what method was prescribed to the patient, if an unpleasant sensation or cough appears during the exercises, you should definitely tell the doctor about this for further correction of the exercises. Any of the methods should not cause discomfort!

General set of exercises

Breathing exercises for bronchial asthma are performed in a complex manner. Training starts with a minimum load, which gradually increases.

The main advantage is that gymnastics does not require special devices. It is enough to be in silence and strictly follow the rules of the exercises.

The main set of exercises includes movements that are used in any technique and help normalize breathing:

• As a rule, with asthma, sputum and mucus accumulate inside the bronchi at night. To clean them, it is necessary, without getting out of bed, to pull the legs bent at the knees to the chest, and as soon as the legs approach the chest, you need to exhale through the mouth. At the initial stage, approximately the first 10-15 days, the exercise is repeated at least 10 times, and then the number gradually increases;
• after completing the first exercise, you need to stand on your feet, hands on your waist. You should inhale the maximum amount of air through your nose, while the stomach should be as rounded as possible. Then a sharp exhalation is made, and the stomach should be drawn in as much as possible. If the exercise is done by an asthmatic, then it is not recommended to perform it more than 10 times in one approach. If dizziness appears during execution, classes are stopped;
• "alternate breathing" - inhale alternately with the right, then with the left nostril. Constantly changing one side to the other, repeat at least 10 times;
• In order to fight asthma more effectively, it is necessary to carry out deep ventilation of the lungs. To do this, the patient sits on a chair, hands on his knees. Inhale - spread your arms, exhale - join your hands on your left knee and pull it to your chest. The same is repeated with the right knee. With complications of bronchial asthma, the exercise is done no more than 10 times;
• Asthma affects not only adults, but also children. Seating a child and making him do the exercises is quite difficult. So you can play with it. To do this, the child inhales a large amount of air through the mouth, and the exhalation should be slow. You can use a tube dipped in water through which the child will exhale. With this exercise, you need to observe that the exhalation time gradually increases.

Proper exercise is a guarantee that asthma attacks will be repeated less and less.

Breathing exercises according to Strelnikova

Strelnikova's breathing exercises are very popular not only among asthma patients, but also among doctors who recommend doing it.

Breathing exercises for bronchial asthma were developed by Strelnikova several decades ago. The main goal of the technique is not only to help the patient with asthma attacks, but also to improve the state of health in general.

In 1980, information about the technique appeared in the magazine Physical Culture and Sport, which was popular at that time, after which the technique not only became widespread, but also helped a large number of people cope with seizures during its existence.

According to the observations of doctors, the technique will help only if the patient performs the exercises twice a day. In addition to asthma, classes help improve metabolism, blood circulation, and restore the nervous system.

The technique helps with pneumonia and congestive processes in the lungs. All parts of the body are involved in gymnastics: arms, head, legs, abs, even the pelvis. In order to properly perform all the exercises, you must use the recommendations and study the technique in more detail.

How to do exercises according to Strelnikova:

• air should be inhaled only through the nose. The breath should be sharp. Do not focus on exhaling, as this is distracting;
• exhalation is carried out through the nose, while accompanied by certain body movements;
• you need to inhale the air in the rhythm of the drill step;
• all exercises are done at the expense of 8. You need to count mentally;
• You can do gymnastics standing, lying or sitting. The choice of position depends on the patient.

Examples of practical exercises

Consider a few exercises that each patient should master at the initial stage:

• "palms" - standing, feet shoulder-width apart, arms bent at the elbows. 4 sharp breaths are taken quickly. At the same time, the palms are clenched into a fist with each breath. When exhaling, the palms are voluntarily unclenched. The exercise is repeated at least 96 times. Please note - when performing this exercise, the body remains motionless, only the palms and the respiratory system work;
• "Shoulders" - the exercise is performed while standing, feet shoulder-width apart. Hands are pressed to the body at waist level and clenched into fists. With each breath, the hands seem to push something down. When inhaling, the arms return to their original position. The exercise is done in blocks: 4 sets of 12 times.

These are two exercises with which it is worth starting therapeutic exercises. Further, additional exercises are gradually added. New exercises should not be done all at once, but introduced gradually.

The full set of exercises can be viewed on Strelnikova's official website.

Please note: the proposed gymnastics is recognized as quite effective, and it is very important if the patient owns it at the time of the attack. With a strong attack, you can sit down, put your hands on your knees, bending slightly, inhale and lean back, allowing the air to escape. Repeat 2-4 times and take a break for 10 seconds.

When a child develops a disease, many doctors recommend visiting exercise therapy, but, in accordance with Strelnikova's theory, it is prohibited, since it is physical activity that can cause an attack and aggravate the disease. Therefore, the best option in the fight against the disease will be breathing exercises. Exercises with a child are best done together, turning them into a game.

Despite all the positive aspects of breathing exercises, the patient should be observed by a doctor during the training period. He will monitor the patient's condition and, if necessary, prescribe medications.

Breathing exercises according to Buteyko

Bronchial asthma can be treated with the help of breathing exercises according to the Buteyko method. The method was proposed back in 1952, but is still widely used in the treatment of the disease.

The author considers the lack of the required amount of carbon dioxide in the body to be the main reason for the appearance of bronchial asthma. Deep breathing allows oxygen to enter the body, reducing the amount of carbon dioxide.

Due to the lack of carbon dioxide, bronchospasm develops, air intake decreases, which can lead to oxygen starvation.

Therefore, according to Buteyko, breathing in asthma should be shallow. Everyone can hold their breath, but learning to breathe shallowly is not.

The result can be seen only with regular training. The main exercises of the technique are based on reducing the supply of oxygen to the body and the accumulation of carbon dioxide:

• full breath from the chest, holding the breath for 7.5 seconds. After a pause of 5 seconds, and everything is repeated from the very beginning at least 10 times;
• breath through the nostrils alternately: 10 times one nostril, 10 - the other;
• for the lungs to work properly, it is necessary to carry out deep ventilation of the lungs. It is necessary to take 12 extremely deep breaths within 60 seconds. No more than 5 seconds are given for each breath;
• You can breathe in levels, at each level a different amount of time is allotted for inhalation. This is the so-called rare breath.

All Buteyko exercises are performed in a standing or sitting position. After class, you need to take a comfortable position and relax. You should stay in this position until your breathing is restored and becomes even.

Sound gymnastics

Sound gymnastics is indispensable for restoring the respiratory organs in asthma. Exercises include not only physical education, but also teaching proper breathing using various sounds.

The sounds that the patient makes during breathing exercises have a beneficial effect on the body and help to avoid asthma attacks.

The sound creates a vibration, which, descending into the chest, helps to relax the muscles, thanks to which the patient breathes better, and asthmatic attacks occur less frequently. In order for gymnastics to bring benefits, and not harm, it is necessary to follow the basic rules for its implementation:

• each sound exercise begins and ends with the sounds "ppf". They are pronounced with the addition of lips with a tube;
• a prerequisite is the pronunciation of the closed sound "mmm". This exercise is carried out in a sitting position, hands should be folded on your knees;
• the sound should be made by the patient on exhalation;
• the duration of the sound gradually increases from 5 to 30 seconds.

You can not start gymnastics with complex exercises. There are several steps that need to be done in sequence. At the preparatory stage, the patient learns to pronounce the sounds "o", "u", "e". When moving to the first stage, the sounds “d”, “s”, “z” are pronounced.

Sound gymnastics, like all other exercises, can be done only during the period when there are no attacks. Comprehensive treatment should include exercises associated with physical activity, breathing exercises and sound gymnastics.

Yoga breathing exercises

Breathing exercises for the treatment of asthma occupy a special place among the medical medicine of the countries of the East. Yoga allows you to do breathing exercises for asthma in full.

In this case, not only the lungs are involved, but also the entire muscles of the respiratory system, and auxiliary muscles. All yoga exercises are performed in a sitting position, legs crossed “in Turkish”.

Breathing exercises for asthma in children

Breathing exercises for the treatment of bronchial asthma in children are somewhat different from those for adults. Breathing exercises for asthma can be performed by a child from 3 years old.

Regardless of which technique was chosen as the treatment for the disease, the baby should not be forced to engage in force. Everything is carried out exclusively in the form of a game.

The main task of the parent in this process is to teach the child to breathe through the nose. Asthma exercises for children are the same as for adults. It is desirable that at the first lessons an instructor is engaged with the child, who will explain how to do gymnastics correctly.

Contraindications for gymnastics

Breathing exercises for asthma are an addition to the main treatment, but despite the fact that in most cases it has a positive effect on the body, there are situations when classes are harmful.

Therefore, breathing exercises for asthmatics should be stopped if:

• the appearance of asthma attacks during exercise;
• severe cough (dry or wet);
• development of the inflammatory process;
• thrombophlebitis;
• poor ventilation in the room. A prerequisite for the implementation of classes should be fresh air;
• with oncological diseases, gymnastics cannot be done.

Following the basic rules, it is possible in the shortest possible time not to get rid of the disease, but to reduce the frequency of attacks.

Finally

Carrying out gymnastics for bronchial asthma is an important point in the fight against respiratory diseases.

Proper organization of classes, their regularity is a guarantee that in the shortest possible time the patient will learn to breathe correctly and control his fear, which will reduce the duration of the attack.

Therapeutic physical culture is prescribed by a doctor who observes the patient for a long time.

Bronchial asthma is a dangerous and very unpleasant disease. But it refers to those diseases that can be cured and the course of which can be slowed down. The correct regimen, competent treatment, breathing exercises for asthma, special physical exercises can greatly facilitate the life of an asthmatic and contribute to his recovery. This is especially true for children, who are often diagnosed with allergies by doctors, hoping that with the right treatment, the child will be able to recover and live a full life without medication.

Features of the disease

Bronchial asthma proceeds as a bronchial allergy, but is not situational, but chronic. Aggravations occur against the background of allergen blooms, malnutrition, but most often they begin with respiratory diseases such as colds and flu, and it is especially difficult for asthmatics who live in cold, humid climates.

In children, asthma sometimes occurs due to liver damage, which somehow affects the occurrence of an allergic reaction, an allergy, in turn, affects bronchospasm. Therefore, an asthmatic attack is possible against the background of malnutrition - spicy, fatty, salty, confectionery, chips can provoke an asthmatic attack. And long-term medication, smoking, alcohol also affect the functioning of the bronchi and can become an important factor influencing the onset of the disease.

Another important factor is the climate. Humid, cold climate is not a sentence, but the occurrence of even the slightest cold immediately leads to an exacerbation of the disease. And in the cold season, an asthmatic can seriously suffer from the disease, taking a lot of medicines. And vice versa, a dry warm climate, with fresh air saturated with salts or coniferous resins, greatly facilitates the course of the disease, or even in such conditions a person stops getting sick. Therefore, if possible, you need to organize spa treatment. Unfortunately, places with a good climate are not cheap - this is the southern coast of Crimea, Egypt, California, but you can find cheaper places - salt lakes, a significant array of coniferous forests, preferably pine.

Particularly dangerous places for asthma patients are the lowlands of large rivers, where there is high humidity, dampness, and frequent morning fogs. Therefore, when changing the climate, try to first try to live in new places, experiencing how the terrain will affect the respiratory system. The importance of climate and air conditions suggests that breathing exercises are best done outdoors if it is good for asthmatics, and in ventilated enclosed spaces if outside air can provoke an attack. For example, you should not practice outdoors during the abundant flowering of herbs and trees, especially in the heat, fresh, but humid and cold air is also undesirable for breathing.

The treatment of asthma must be approached comprehensively, then the disease recedes. Well, do not be too deluded by the possibility of a completely drug-free treatment. It is necessary to quickly get out of acute conditions with the help of medications that relieve symptoms, repeated attacks and improvement of the condition can be avoided with the help of hormonal devices. But the body needs to be strengthened and forced to get out of a painful state on its own. Therefore, consult a doctor and do regular and breathing exercises, gradually and evenly harden, lead a healthy lifestyle and you can not only live in peace, but also fully recover.

The Benefits of Exercise

Heavy exercise is often contraindicated in certain forms of asthma. But it must be taken into account that the conduct of a passive life, lack of physical activity leads to a deterioration in the general condition of the body. And vice versa, loading yourself with simple, but regular exercises, a person not only feels good, but generally improves his health. In the body, all organs are interconnected, and the improvement of the condition of some leads to an improvement in the work of other internal organs.

Breathing exercises in bronchial asthma may not always drastically change the course of the disease, but it is an additional safe exercise that can be done outside periods of exacerbations of the disease. Exercise is in addition to conventional treatment and helps to mitigate attacks and is the prevention of complications.

The purpose of the exercises is to train the respiratory organs.
Training is best done outdoors if the weather is comfortable. In dusty rooms that are not ventilated, you can not do exercises. Classes should be abandoned, or their complexity should be reviewed, in the following cases:

• after a strong cough, bronchospasm, asthma attacks, this is especially true of Strelnikova's gymnastics, which offers sharp breathing through the nose;
• weather conditions are far from comfortable - it can be both frost and heat, as well as strong wind, rain, fog;
• you have recently had a choking attack, severe cough or spasms;
• after strong physical exertion, in which shortness of breath occurs;
• if the bronchi are weakened by illness, you should refrain from exercising even for some time after recovery; this is especially true for children who often suffer from respiratory diseases;
• bad mood, feeling unwell, get yourself in good psychological shape and then do it;
• activities for children should be done in a playful way, and watch them so that an attack does not start.

Class rules

When practicing, you must adhere to the following rules:

Exercises

With the help of breathing exercises, the mucous membrane is freed from sputum, breathing becomes normal, the lungs are better ventilated, bronchospasms become less frequent, the muscles responsible for the respiratory process are strengthened, the person learns to control the body, as a result of which attacks become less frequent, which means that the patient does not experience constant stress , which in itself can be a cause of exacerbation.

To make training more effective, You can spend under cheerful music for children and calm for adults. With asthma, you need to stick to diet number 5, give up alcohol and smoking. Be careful with medications - chronic medication, even for allergies, can lead to an exacerbation of the disease, especially hormonal medications. Therefore, after weakening the exacerbation, strengthen the body, try to make it recover as quickly as possible in a natural way.

Sometimes they say that you can not keep pets in the house. The dog is an exception, because if a child has asthma and was given a puppy, she will walk with him a lot, thinking less about her illness. Such physical activity, together with fresh air, will contribute to the recovery of the child. Of course, in order to keep a cat or a dog in the house, you need to make sure that pets are not a source of serious allergies.

Respiratory gymnastics is an auxiliary in the treatment, so it can be combined with physiotherapy procedures - inhalations, massage, electrophoresis. But after the procedures associated with heat, you need to pause for more than an hour. You should not get carried away with gymnastics, exercises, Strelnikova's breathing exercises, you need to strengthen the body in many ways and it will soon work normally.

It is necessary to limit access to allergens, but you should not exclude them altogether. It is necessary that the body gets used to them and gradually stops responding to them. Some allergens, such as grass pollen, cannot be completely eliminated. Harden the body, gradually strengthening, and the disease will recede.

With bronchial asthma, people often have to give up physical activity, as it can cause an attack of the disease.

But doctors say that reasonable and feasible physical activity does not harm the health of asthmatics, they help to cope with shortness of breath and suffocation that occur during an attack. Therefore, breathing exercises in bronchial asthma have a positive effect on the patient's body, reducing the frequency of attacks and facilitating their course.

It should be remembered that breathing exercises are not a replacement for traditional treatment with drugs, but an addition. The exercises that we will tell you about in this article will help alleviate the condition of asthmatics, but besides that, they are a good method of preventing various complications that can occur against the background of bronchial asthma.

What is bronchial asthma - definition of the disease, symptoms and methods of treatment

Bronchial asthma is called, which occurs due to bronchial hyperreactivity. The bronchi in asthmatics are very sensitive to various environmental influences, as a result of which they spasm.

Due to the large amount of mucus, swelling and spasm, the wall of the bronchus becomes thicker, and the lumen narrows. As a result, abnormal gas exchange with the environment is not ensured, and attacks of suffocation, wheezing, shortness of breath and coughing occur. Most often they appear at night or early in the morning. Attacks can pass by themselves, or after taking special medications.

A provoking factor can be not only an allergen, but also stress, fear, inhalation of dust, chemical fumes.

Symptoms of the disease:

1. Attacks of dry cough in the morning or at night.
2. Whistling rattling in chest.
3. Thick, standing out after an attack.
4. Shortness of breath with predominant difficulty in exhalation.
5. Lack of air.
6. Congestion in the chest.
7. Suffocation.

During an attack, a person tries to sit down, resting his hands on a table or chair. This makes it easier for him to breathe.

The symptoms of bronchial asthma listed above can occur when exposed to some provoking external factors. These include:

• Allergens(products, medicines, dust, plant pollen, animal hair). Diagnosed.
• Inhalation of cold air.
• Exposure to household chemicals(washing powders, perfumes, varnishes, cleaning products and so on).

Internal factors include

• hereditary predisposition(Close relatives have bronchial asthma or suffer from any form of allergy).
• Overweight(because of this, the diaphragm is located higher and does not provide sufficient ventilation of the lungs).
• gender(in childhood, boys are more likely to get asthma, and in adulthood, the disease is most often diagnosed in women).

Types of bronchial asthma:

1. allergic. It occurs upon contact with an allergen. A variant of allergic asthma is atopic asthma. It occurs in early childhood with increased sensitivity to household factors (cleaning products, washing powders, and so on).
2. Non-allergic. It occurs under the influence of various factors that are of non-allergic origin, for example, hormonal changes in women during the menstrual cycle. One of the varieties of non-allergic asthma is aspirin asthma, which occurs when intolerance to Aspirin, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and all yellow drugs.
3. Mixed asthma. It combines the signs of the first two types of the disease.

Depending on the severity of the course, asthma is:

1. Bronchial asthma of an intermittent (intermittent) course of a mild degree. It is characterized by rare attacks.
2. Bronchial asthma persistent (permanent) mild. Attacks appear at least once a week, but not more than once a day.
3. Bronchial asthma persistent moderate. Seizures occur more than once a week. However, they greatly affect performance.
4. Bronchial asthma persistent severe. It is characterized by constant attacks throughout the day, which often occur at night.

Why breathing exercises are effective

The goal of breathing exercises is to create calm, shallow and shallow breathing, since deep breaths irritate the receptors in the bronchi, which leads to the onset or intensification of an asthma attack.

During exercise, the elasticity of blood vessels increases, and this reduces the risk of stroke. The walls of blood vessels are cleared of cholesterol plaques, activity at the cellular level and immunity increase, blood microcirculation is restored, and metabolic processes improve.

It is used not only for asthma, but also.

During gymnastics, the body self-purifies itself from negative factors that can provoke the appearance or worsen the course of this disease.

Strelnikova's technique

Breathing according to Strelnikova is a gymnastics method that was created by Alexandra Nikolaevna Strelnikova as a way to restore a singing voice.

But besides this, breathing exercises can be used for pneumonia, bronchitis, bronchial asthma, rhinitis, sinusitis, neurosis, skin diseases, disorders of the musculoskeletal system, disorders of the genitourinary system.

The benefits of exercises according to Strelnikova

Breathing exercises according to Strelnikova are necessary in the following cases:

1. To activate the blood supply and lymphatic supply.
2. To improve the drainage functions of the focus of inflammation of the lungs.
3. To protect against stagnant changes.
4. To normalize lung ventilation.
5. To provide respiratory excursion of the diaphragm.

It is worth noting that breathing exercises will be much more effective if combined with therapeutic chest massage.

Breathing according to Strelnikova is based on proper breathing. Here, special attention is paid to the breath. It should be energetic and noisy, but at the same time smooth. You need to inhale through the nose and exhale through the mouth.

Starting loads during inflammation

Breathing exercises in bronchial asthma should be carried out according to the law of slow loads.

If you do not follow the principles of this law, then you can exacerbate the inflammatory process.

Gymnastics should be done daily for ten minutes. The procedure begins with a light charge. Exercises with an extended breath can be done with abundant sputum. This gymnastics is allowed to be done only after the symptoms of intoxication have decreased, in the absence of heart disorders. Do not exercise at temperatures above thirty-eight degrees.

First, all exercises are done lying down. To limit the mobility of the chest, it is necessary to improve local blood supply and accelerate the outflow of lymph in order to speed up the process of resorption of exudate.

Complex in a state of rehabilitation

Rules for increasing the load

Increasing the load during breathing exercises should be gradual. This should be done after receiving positive dynamics during the exercise.

The duration of exercise should not exceed fifteen minutes a day, regardless of its rhythm and speed.

Breathing exercises also have contraindications: glaucoma, high myopia, high blood pressure, epilepsy, heart disease. Therefore, you can do exercises only after consulting a specialist.

Video

This video will show you how to do breathing exercises.

conclusions

Thanks to respiratory gymnastics during bronchial asthma, the surface of the mucosa is cleared of sputum, the lumen of the respiratory tract increases, the work of the respiratory apparatus is restored, muscle tissues and the diaphragm are strengthened, and so on. But the most important thing is that a person’s condition is greatly facilitated, and their frequency and intensity gradually decrease.

Regularly performing the exercises in this article will not only help reduce the frequency and severity of attacks, but will also have a good effect on overall health. If you follow all the recommendations for doing breathing exercises, if you follow the doctor's recommendations, the disease will gradually disappear, and good health will return soon.

But remember that you can not self-medicate bronchial asthma, because the condition may worsen significantly or there will be a spasm of the bronchus and an asthma attack.

Read about an equally dangerous disease called.