Constant delays in menstruation. Causes of delayed menstruation if not pregnant. Signs of possible problems. Possible causes of delayed menstruation

- violation of menstrual function, manifested by the absence of cyclic bleeding for more than 35 days. May be due to physiological causes (pregnancy, premenopause, etc.), as well as various organic or functional disorders. The delay in menstruation occurs at various periods of a woman's life: during the formation of menstrual function, in the reproductive period and in premenopause. A delay in menstruation for more than five days is a reason to see a doctor. Diagnosis of delayed menstruation is aimed at finding the main cause of this symptom, on which further treatment tactics depend.

Normally, menstruation comes and goes at regular intervals. In 60% of women, the cycle duration is 28 days, that is, 4 weeks, which corresponds to the lunar month. Approximately 30% of women have a cycle of 21 days, and about 10% of women have a menstrual cycle of 30-35 days. On average, menstrual bleeding lasts 3-7 days, and the allowable blood loss per menstruation is 50-150 ml. The complete cessation of menstruation occurs after 45-50 years and marks the onset of menopause.

Irregularity and fluctuations in the duration of the menstrual cycle, systematic delays in menstruation for more than 5-10 days, alternation of scanty and heavy menstrual bleeding, indicate serious deviations in a woman's health. In order to control the onset or delay of menstruation, every woman should keep a menstrual calendar, marking the day the next menstruation begins. In this case, the delay in menstruation will be immediately visible.

Delayed menstruation and pregnancy

Pregnancy is the most common cause of missed periods in women of childbearing age. The probable onset of pregnancy, in addition to the delay in menstruation, is evidenced by changes in taste and smell sensations, appetite, nausea and vomiting in the morning, drowsiness, and pain in the mammary glands. It is impossible to reject the possibility of pregnancy even in cases where there was interrupted intercourse, sexual contact during menstruation, on “safe” days or using a condom, in the presence of an intrauterine device, taking oral contraceptives, etc., since neither one method of contraception does not give a 100% contraceptive effect.

If there was a delay in menstruation, and in the previous month a woman had sexual intercourse, then it is possible to determine pregnancy using special tests. The principle of operation of all pregnancy tests (test strips, tablet or inkjet) is the same: they determine the presence of chorionic gonadotropic hormone (hCG or hCG) in the urine, the production of which begins in the body 7 days after fertilization of the egg. The concentration of hCG in the urine rises gradually, and modern, even the most sensitive tests, are able to determine it only after a delay in menstruation and not earlier than 12-14 days after the conception has occurred. It is necessary to “read” the test result in the first 5-10 minutes. The appearance during this period of time even a barely noticeable second strip indicates a positive result and the presence of pregnancy. If the second strip appeared later, then this result is not reliable. In case of a delay in menstruation, it is recommended to repeat the pregnancy test twice with an interval of 2-3 days to obtain a reliable result.

It should be remembered that while living a sexual life, a woman can always become pregnant, so you need to carefully monitor the menstrual cycle and pay attention to delays in menstruation. However, a delay in menstruation can be caused not only by pregnancy, but also by a number of very different, sometimes very serious and dangerous to health reasons.

Other reasons for missed periods

All the reasons that cause a delay in menstruation, gynecology conditionally divides into two large groups: physiological and pathological causes of delayed menstruation. In some cases, the delay in menstruation is caused by special transitional, adaptive conditions for the body, and usually does not exceed 5-7 days. However, some of these conditions are borderline, and when they worsen, organic disorders may occur, leading to a delay in menstruation as a manifestation of a particular pathology. Due to physiological reasons can be considered:

delay in menstruation caused by strong emotional or physical stress: stress, increased sports, educational loads or work loads;
delay in menstruation due to unusual changes in lifestyle: a change in the nature of work, a sharp change in climate;
delay in menstruation due to malnutrition and adherence to strict diets;
delay in menstruation during periods of hormonal changes: puberty or menopause;
delay in menstruation as a condition after the abolition of hormonal contraceptives, caused by temporary hyperinhibition of the ovaries after prolonged use of hormones from the outside. If the delay in menstruation is observed for 2-3 cycles, it is necessary to visit a gynecologist.
delay in menstruation after using emergency contraceptives containing a high dose of hormones;
delay in menstruation in the postpartum period, associated with the production of the pituitary hormone prolactin, which is responsible for the secretion of milk and suppresses the cyclic function of the ovaries. If a woman is not breastfeeding, then menstruation should be restored approximately 2 months after childbirth. When breastfeeding, menstruation is restored after weaning the baby from the breast. However, if the delay in menstruation is more than a year after childbirth, it is necessary to consult a gynecologist.
delay in menstruation caused by colds (ARVI, influenza), chronic diseases: gastritis, thyroid dysfunction, diabetes mellitus, kidney disease, and more. etc., as well as taking certain medications.

In all cases (except for those when the delay in menstruation is caused by age-related hormonal changes or lactation), the delay should not exceed 5-7 days, otherwise it is necessary to visit a gynecologist to prevent the development of serious diseases.

The pathological causes of delayed menstruation include, first of all, diseases of the genital area. This group of reasons includes:

delay in menstruation caused by inflammatory (adnexitis, oophoritis) and tumor (uterine fibroids) diseases of the genital organs. Inflammatory processes in the genitals, in addition to delaying menstruation, can be manifested by pathological discharge and pain in the lower abdomen. These conditions require emergency treatment as they can lead to serious complications and infertility;
delayed menstruation due to polycystic ovaries and related hormonal disorders. Also, with polycystic ovaries, in addition to the delay in menstruation, there is an increase in body weight, the appearance
a delay in menstruation caused by critical weight gain or loss. For women suffering from anorexia, a delay in menstruation can result in their complete cessation.

Thus, regardless of the reasons, the delay in menstruation is the basis for an urgent visit to the gynecologist.

Examination for delayed menstruation

To establish the reasons for the delay in menstruation, examinations may be required to supplement the gynecological examination:

measurement and graphical display of changes in basal temperature, which allows you to verify the presence or absence of ovulation;
determination in the blood of the level of hCG, hormones of the ovaries, pituitary gland and other glands;
ultrasound diagnostics of the pelvic organs to determine pregnancy (uterine, ectopic), tumor lesions of the uterus, ovaries and other causes that caused a delay in menstruation;
CT and MRI of the brain to exclude pituitary and ovarian tumors.

When diseases associated with a delay in menstruation are detected, consultations of other specialist doctors are prescribed: an endocrinologist, a nutritionist, a psychotherapist, etc.

Summing up the above, it should be noted that the delay in menstruation, no matter what circumstances it was caused, should not be left without the attention of a woman. A delay in menstruation can be caused by a banal change in the weather, or the joyful expectation of motherhood, or serious illnesses. If there is a delay in menstruation, a timely consultation with a doctor will free you from unnecessary worries and worries that can significantly aggravate this condition. In families where girls grow up, it is necessary to conduct their competent sexual education, explaining, among other things, that the delay in menstruation is a problem that must be solved together with the mother and the doctor.

What to do if wages are delayed and where to complain? As indicated by the Labor Code, each employee has the right to receive wages twice a month. Toward the end of the month, as a rule, they give out an advance, and at the beginning of the next - the rest of the salary. The exact dates of payments are set at each enterprise separately and are prescribed in the conditions of the internal labor schedule, if this date falls on a day off, accruals must be made the day before. If a person did not receive a salary exactly on time, this can already be considered a violation of his rights, even a day's delay is taken into account. In this case, the employee is entitled to monetary compensation. Today we will talk about what needs to be done if the employer delays wages and how to correctly write a claim for delay in wages.

If wages are delayed for a long time, according to the law, this may be considered a 15-day period, the employee has the legal right to refuse to perform his duties. However, representatives of some professions do not have such a right by law to leave the workplace even after a 15-day period, this applies to civil servants, employees of state formations, workers in the life support sector, representatives of enterprises engaged in hazardous production.

Gross violations of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation threaten the employer with administrative and even criminal penalties. The issue is resolved with the help of the labor inspectorate, the prosecutor's office and the judiciary.

How to get compensation without scandal

If the salary was delayed for a short period the employee is entitled to claim compensation. Its size for each day must be at least one three hundredth of the refinancing rate in force during the period of delays in the Central Bank. As of July 23, 2016, the rate was 11 percent. Every day of delay is counted. That is, the amount of compensation is determined from the total amount of debt, to which is added another three hundredth of 11 percent for each day.

The employee's right to compensation is spelled out in the Labor Code. Companies with a good reputation always take this into account and, in the event of a delay, add the due amount to the salary. But more often people are faced with the opposite: either the employer does not know the laws well, or, and this is most likely, does not want to pay more. At the first stage, they try to resolve the problem within the enterprise. In the event of a delay and complaint from at least one person, a labor dispute commission is created, which includes representatives of the work team and the employer, the participants must be equally divided from each side. The employee’s application is registered, after which the dispute must be settled within ten days: either the employee is immediately paid the delayed salary, or, if the decision is not met, they issue a certificate, but in fact a writ of execution, which must be taken to the bailiffs.

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In addition to monetary compensation, an employee can also demand:

indexation of wages, if we are talking about constant delays for a long time and the general depreciation of money over this period;
compensation for non-pecuniary damage (only through the court).

What to do if the salary is delayed for half a month?

With a long salary delay the worker, unless he is one of those to whom this form of strike is prohibited, has the right not to go to work. Prior to this, he must notify his employer in writing. If the latter notifies that he is ready to pay for the work performed, as soon as the person returns to his work duties, the employee will need to come to work the very next day after receiving such a notice.

What to do if the problem cannot be solved within the team

Relations within the team can be very different, and it is not always possible for a person to achieve understanding from other employees or, even if there is an understanding of colleagues, to resolve the conflict with the employer through the labor commission. Therefore, you can safely apply to government agencies. Next, we will analyze where can I complain if the employer delays wages.

We contact the labor inspectorate

An appeal to the labor inspectorate or its regional branch is considered within a month. A written complaint can be submitted directly or sent by registered mail (to receive notification of receipt), today in many regions it is also possible to submit a complaint via the Internet. It is advisable to attach a copy of the employment contract and any written evidence proving the delay in payments to the complaint.

If the inspection considers the arguments fair, the specialists will send the employer an order with instructions to pay off their debt to the employee, taking into account the accumulated interest.

Do not forget to indicate in your complaint your return address, telephone number, as well as the amount of the debt and the number of days of salary delay.

This option can be considered the most convenient and most effective, since it is the labor inspectorate that deals with the issues of delayed wages and violation of the rights of workers. In addition, the inspection staff, if necessary, should help with the preparation of an application to the judicial authorities, and during the proceedings confirm the validity of the plaintiff's claims.

We contact the prosecutor's office

You can also contact the prosecutor's office by filing a complaint in writing (you can also take the application to the office or send it by registered mail). A prosecutor's check may reveal other violations, after which sanctions will be imposed on the employer.

Contact the district court

The case can go to court not only after inspections by the labor inspectorate or the prosecutor's office, although their support will not be superfluous for the employee, but also on the personal initiative of the citizen. You should apply to the court at the place of registration of the employer's enterprise.

In order for the decision to be positive, it is necessary to attach a maximum of documents and evidence of the unfair attitude of the employer to the claim:

original employment contract;
application for non-payment;
a copy of the work book;
a copy of the employment order;
certificate from the accounting department on income;
bank statements (relevant if the salary is credited to the card);
copies of pay slips;
calculation of debt (according to the version of the accounting department and according to its own version);
testimony of witnesses.

Appealing to the Supreme Court

If the salary was accrued, but it did not reach the employee, you can apply to the justice of the peace with a request to issue a court order, that is, an executive document, according to which the plaintiff will be required to issue an unpaid salary. The order is issued within 5 days after the request.

How to write a claim

How to write a claim for delayed wages? The issue of non-issuance of part of the money may be relevant not only in case of delays, it often arises when an employee quits and wants to receive compensation due to him for a vacation that he did not use. In this case, the claim is written in the name of the head and may look something like this:

Director of Taxi LLC

Ivanov Ivan Ivanovich

from Petrov Petr Petrovich,

(specify position)

Claim

I, Petrov Petr Petrovich, worked at Taxi LLC from 01/01/2015 to 07/23/2016 as a driver, which confirms the employment contract concluded between me, Petrov Petr Petrovich, and the director of Taxi LLC Ivanov Ivan Ivanovich, as well as entry in the work book dated 01/01/2015.

I performed my duties responsibly, however, for the period from 06/01/2016 to 07/23/2016 I was not paid, which indicates a violation of Article 22 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.

On the basis of Order No. 43478 dated July 23, 2016, I was fired under Article 80 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.

The amount of unpaid wages to me at Taxi LLC amounted to: for June 2016 - 18 thousand rubles, for July 2016 - 14 thousand rubles, and in total - 32 thousand rubles.

Based on Article 114 of the Labor Code, every employee has the right to annual paid leave, but I did not use this right this year and did not receive compensation for this, the debt is 14 thousand rubles.

Employers who delay the payment of wages to their subordinates are liable before the law on the basis of Article 143 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. I believe that the management of Taxi LLC violates and does not comply with the laws.

Based on this, I require:

To give me a salary in the amount of 32 thousand, funds for the vacation that I did not use in the amount of 14 thousand, and also to reimburse the expenses that I spent on the services of a lawyer in the amount of 5 thousand rubles, and in total to pay 51 thousand rubles.

Please send your answer to the following address: Vladimir, Levitan street (we indicate the exact address).

In case of incomplete satisfaction of all my legal requirements, and even more so in case of refusal, I will have to contact the Labor Inspectorate for the city of Vladimir, the prosecutor's office, and also file a lawsuit in court. I will additionally demand compensation for material damage and compensation for non-pecuniary damage. You will also be responsible for all of my legal costs.

08/01/2016 Signature

What is the responsibility of the employer

For violation of the Labor Code, employers are usually held administratively liable. In case of delays in payments, they may face the following penalties:

up to five thousand rubles for officials;
up to five thousand rubles or suspension of activities for 90 days for individual entrepreneurs;
for legal entities, fines can reach up to fifty thousand rubles, they can also be banned from operating for 90 days.

In special cases, the amount of fines can be increased up to 500 thousand rubles.

Employers can also expect criminal penalties with heavy fines (up to half a million), a three-year prison term and deprivation of the right to hold certain positions during the same period. This is the case if they do not pay their wages in full for at least two months. If, for at least three months, the employer pays part of the salary, but less than half, he can be fined only 120 thousand rubles and imprisoned for one year. But it is rather difficult to bring to justice those persons who for a long period of time pay their employees more than half of the monthly salary.

If the salary is issued according to the sulfuric or black scheme, it will be much more difficult to prove the fact of non-payment in the authorities, so try to immediately agree with the employer that all payments will be made officially.

If several people are experiencing delays at work, it is best to work together. Collective applications in all bodies are considered faster and often lead to positive results.

Delayed periods happen to every woman. For small deviations(up to 5 days) it is considered the norm. But regular fluctuations in the schedule and a longer period should alert.

You can talk about the norm when there are no periods due to pregnancy. In all other cases, it is necessary to find out the cause and, if necessary, start treatment.

What is the menstrual cycle?

Menarche, or the first menstruation, appear mainly at 12-15 years old. Then for about 2 years regulation of hormone levels and cycle setting. At this time, deviations are possible in the form of an earlier onset or delay in bleeding. They may also be absent for a certain period of time.

The monthly cycle is counted from the beginning of one menstruation to the beginning of another. In normal health duration these time periods should be the same. Their average duration is 28 days, but a gap of 21-35 days is also considered normal.

At the beginning of the cycle estrogen levels rise. The thickness of the mucous membrane of the uterus increases significantly (up to 10 times). It becomes soft and juicy as new lymphatic and blood vessels form in it. In fact, the preparation of the ideal bed for the attachment of the embryo is underway.

In the ovary at this time occurs the process of egg maturation. Approximately in the middle of the cycle, it enters the cavity of the fallopian tubes. Coming ovulation phase, at which conception becomes possible. If it does not happen, then the preparation of the bed is in vain, and rejection of the thickened juicy uterine mucosa occurs. This cycle is repeated monthly.

What factors can lead to a delay?

It should be recalled that a monthly delay of 4-5 days is considered the norm. The reasons for delayed menstruation can be different, we will consider the main ones. Diagnosis of a particular case is carried out at the reception by a gynecologist.

Ovarian dysfunction

In fact, the delay of menstruation is a dysfunction. This is the concept of a general plan, which means violation of the production of hormones by the ovaries. Its cause may be problems with the organs of the endocrine system - in particular, the thyroid gland. Therefore, first of all, it is recommended to study the hormonal background.

stress

This factor can provoke not only a delay, but also the cessation of menstruation. A constant state of nervous excitement provokes hormonal imbalance. A stressful situation can be a lack of time, problems at work, at home, an exam, conflicts, prolonged mental stress, etc.

Physical exercise

Heavy physical work often leads to a failure of the monthly cycle. In principle, overwork is also a stress for the body, provoking malfunction of all systems, including endocrine. The way out in this case is a change of work, lifestyle, normalization of the working day.

climate change

This situation, when the menstrual cycle is disrupted when moving, is familiar to many women. Its occurrence is due not only to a change in the climatic zone, but also to the fact that at the same time, the lifestyle and diet also change. Holidays at sea often have a negative effect on the female body due to excess ultraviolet radiation and iodine.

Weight problems

Delayed menstruation may be due to deviations in body weight from the norm. Dramatic weight loss provokes hormonal disruptions, which result in significant fluctuations in the monthly schedule.

To determine the normal mass, the so-called BMI (body mass index), dividing the weight by the squared growth rate. Above 25, we can talk about obesity. If the indicator is less than 18, then there is a lack of body weight. With a not very long delay (5-10 days), weight normalization is often sufficient to regulate the cycle.

intoxication

The cause of violations is long-term intoxication of the body as a result of:

smoking;
frequent use of alcohol;
drug addiction;
work in hazardous production;
living in ecologically unfavorable areas.

The way out in such cases is to eliminate the risk factor.

Heredity

Often, the tendency to delay is inherited, which is due to hormonal characteristics. Therefore, it should be clarified whether the mother or grandmother of the patient had any such problems. Perhaps their reason lies in a genetic disease.

Gynecological factors affecting the delay in menstruation

Diseases

Menstruation is often delayed due to the presence of female pathologies:

inflammation in the organs of the reproductive system;
uterine fibroids;
endometriosis;
adenomyosis;
a malignant tumor in the cervix or body of the uterus.

In these cases, the only solution to the problem is treatment of the underlying disease.

Miscarriages and abortions

Artificial termination of pregnancy is a real hormonal shock for the body, which is preparing for the bearing of the fetus: it has to cancel urgently all started processes and rebuild again.

In addition, when scraping significantly damage to the lining of the uterus which very often provokes complications leading to the failure of the monthly cycle. It generally returns to normal after a few months. For more prolonged disturbances and the presence of discharge, a medical consultation is necessary.

Hormonal contraception

Contraceptives taken by a woman contain a large amount of hormones that regulate the cycle and adjust it to the medication regimen. Refusal of tablets can cause a rather large delay in menstruation, since violations can persist for several more months before final normalization of hormonal levels.

Emergency contraception is especially dangerous. The intake of a huge dose of hormones can lead to a fundamental disruption of the reproductive system. Such methods of protection can be used in exceptional cases.

polycystic ovary syndrome

The disease is diagnosed on the basis of characteristic changes in appearance, which are the result of increasing testosterone levels. They are identified during examination of the patient. It:

excessive male pattern hair;
increased oiliness of the skin and hair;
excess weight.

However, these signs do not always indicate for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): they may be due to genetic or national characteristics. For example, in Asian women, small antennae are not uncommon: their appearance is not accompanied by a violation of the cycle and is not due to a pathological process.

An advanced form of PCOS can become cause of infertility. Treatment is carried out with the help of oral contraceptives, which restore normal hormonal levels.

Medication

The active phase of the menstrual cycle is often delayed due to prolonged use of medications. The most dangerous in this sense are considered:

corticosteroids;
anabolics;
antidepressants;
antiulcer drugs;
hormonal agents;
diuretic medicines.

Climax

At a certain age (from 45 years old), the cause of the failure of the monthly cycle is often the beginning of the climax. Women themselves can feel the changes taking place in the body:

Irregularity of menstruation and decrease in their intensity;
increased sweating;
dry skin;
hot flashes;
the appearance of excess weight;
nervous tension.

All these signs indicate a decrease in the level of female hormones and the gradual fading of reproductive function.

Are delayed periods dangerous?

The very fact of delayed menstrual bleeding does not pose a threat. The danger lies in the cause of constant delays in menstruation. Therefore, when they appear, it is necessary to undergo a comprehensive examination.

For example, if menstruation is regularly delayed due to a high level of prolactin in the blood, the cause may be the formation of a microadenoma in the brain. Lack of treatment in this case leads to irreversible consequences.

Untreated inflammatory processes in the organs of the reproductive system, diseases of the uterus and ovaries increase the likelihood of infertility.

If the cause is endocrine disorders, then, in addition to the failure of the monthly cycle, they also provoke the failure of almost all organs and systems.

Even if there are no visible reasons for concern and the delays are only related to with a change in the regime of the day or a holiday spent at sea, with their periodic appearance and duration, it is necessary to undergo an examination.

In the office of gynecologists, it is often heard: “I have a delay in menstruation every month, what does this mean?”. All women from time to time have minor deviations in the timing of the onset of menstruation. The reasons for the constant delays in menstruation are different: from harmless features of physiology, the body's reaction to external factors to diseases that require intervention. We will figure out in which case you should not worry, and when you need to rush to the doctor.

What is considered a delay

The normal menstrual cycle lasts 21-35 days, often with errors in different directions up to a week, with a bleeding duration of 3-7 days. A delay in menstruation for 5 days is not considered critical: you need to do a test to exclude pregnancy and carefully monitor the nature of the bleeding.

The duration of the cycle is calculated from the first day of menstruation to the day of the start of the next regulation. It is convenient to mark the beginning of the cycle in a special application every month - by analyzing the information, you can notice a violation in time and sound the alarm.

Permanent delays in menstruation are caused by both a small failure and a violation of the state of the hormonal background or other pathologies.

Reasons for constant delays

Cyclic fluctuations are a common occurrence that happens many times in every woman's life.

Why there are constant delays in menstruation:

Natural causes - puberty, pregnancy, breastfeeding, pre-menopause, cycle without ovulation.
Pathological causes - gynecological problems, hormonal imbalances, abortion, miscarriage, certain medications, withdrawal of hormonal drugs, sudden weight fluctuations, low or too high body mass index, excessive physical exertion, stressful situations, climate change, exposure to toxic substances or toxins, chronic diseases and SARS.

A constant delay in menstruation for more than 10 days, if it is not associated with natural age-related causes, may indicate a pathology - this requires close attention and medical care

Physiological causes

A constant delay in menstruation is usually due to reasons associated with age-related and functional changes in the reproductive system.

Puberty. After the onset of menarche in adolescents, the cycle is set up to two years, so it can be irregular - either shorten or linger. This is normal, no need to worry.

Pregnancy. Before the invention of ultrasound and testing for hCG, missed periods were considered a relatively reliable sign of pregnancy. Nowadays, if there is such a possibility, a home test will clarify this issue on the first day of delay with an accuracy of 80-90%.
Menstruation after childbirth and lactation. When breastfeeding, menstruation does not occur for 7-18 months. Prolactin, which stimulates milk production, inhibits ovulation.
Premenopause and menopause. The function of the reproductive system gradually weakens. WHO declares the end of childbearing age at 49 years. After 40, the nature and duration of the cycle changes.
anovulatory cycle. Researchers don't know why almost every woman has cycles without ovulation some months. During these periods there is a delay.

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Pathological causes

Most often, menstruation is constantly delayed for the following reasons:

Due to stress, the delay in menstruation is the most common. Nervous shocks, chronic lack of sleep, constant point negative impacts, troubles in the family and at work, passing exams, financial difficulties and uncertainty about the future - all this is perceived by the body as a signal to postpone conception: the work of the hypothalamic-pituitary system is upset, which leads to a decrease in production luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormones.
Rapid weight loss or gain. Adipose tissue takes part in the metabolism of sex hormones and acts as a depot. With dramatic weight fluctuations, the production of hormones does not keep pace with the increase or loss of adipose tissue. With a passion for diets, a deficiency of one or more essential elements inevitably occurs, which leads to cycle disorders. A very difficult situation is anorexia. In this case, menstruation completely stops due to the threat of life.
Too intense physical activity. In professional athletes and women doing hard work, delayed menstruation is a typical problem.
Changes in climate and time zone. Holidays in a hot country in January or frequent business trips contribute to menstrual irregularities. As well as prolonged exposure to the sun.
Abortion, miscarriage, hysteroscopy. During surgery, the layer of the endometrium is removed, it needs time to recover.

Less common and more serious causes of changes in the timing of menstruation:

Taking medication. With long-term use of antidepressants, corticosteroids, diuretics, psychotropic and some other drugs, side effects are common, delay in menstruation is one of them.
Cancellation or intake of hormonal drugs. If a woman took oral contraceptives for several years, her sex hormones were not produced by her. After the abolition of hormonal drugs, it takes 2-3 months to return to your rhythm. When taking emergency contraceptive drugs (Postinor, etc.), even a single one, there is a real blow to the delicate system of producing your own hormones, so there may be a delay.
. A dangerous condition requiring immediate hospitalization.
Chronic diseases. Chronic gastritis, diabetes mellitus, diseases of the urinary system, breast cancer affect all organs and systems of the body.
SARS. Despite the apparent frivolity of this disease, its consequences are severe.
The presence of gynecological diagnoses, such as: salpingo-oophoritis, cervicitis, endometrial hyperplasia or hypoplasia, uterine polyp, endometriosis, endometritis, impaired follicle maturation, neoplasms (uterine fibroids, cysts, cervical cancer), ovarian disease (polycystosis, corpus luteum cyst, resistant syndrome ovaries or their premature exhaustion) causes disturbances in the normal cycle.
Hormonal disorders: hyperprolactinemia, hypothyroidism, pituitary or adrenal adenoma, ovarian dysfunction - always affect the duration of the cycle.

For many accountants, delays at work are considered almost the “norm”. Sometimes, indeed, force majeure occurs: at the end of the reporting period, it is necessary to “tamp down” the data received at the last moment. But if you have to regularly stay up late at the office, it's time to sound the alarm - and change the situation. How to do this without ruining relations with management?

"Know your limits"

It hardly makes sense to raise a fuss if you stay at work no more than 1-3 days a month at the close of the reporting period. No matter how well the financial service is organized in the company, at the end of the month you still have to urgently carry out business transactions of the last days or correct something before reporting. Some of your colleagues will bring you the primary document late, somewhere in the calculations an error will be found, etc.

In this case, linger, but be sure to voice the revisions in front of the management (chief accountant or director). If your company follows the TC, feel free to put extra hours on the payroll, even if colleagues do not.

Don't stay "default"

In many companies, it is "accepted" to linger in the accounting department. As a rule, in such a company, the chief accountant will not even ask you to stay (because he understands that by doing so he will break the law) - “just” fifteen minutes before the end of the working day will give you a big task that needs to be completed “yesterday”.

Be careful, this is a trap. It turns out that you decided to stay at work “on your own”, therefore, the employer does not owe you anything. This means that you will have no reason to ask for reciprocal concessions, not to mention payment.

What is the opposite of this? Pretend that you don't "understand" the hints: "Okay, I'll start today, and I'll continue tomorrow." If delays are silently expected of you, just silently go home until you are directly asked to stay for processing. As soon as the boss voices his request, this will give you the opportunity to "bargain" or refuse a dubious honor.

Avoid details

You shouldn't feel guilty about leaving work on time. The company hires you for an 8-hour worker - and pays you a salary for exactly that many hours. Accordingly, your workload cannot exceed this rate. If the employer's accounting process is not properly organized or the volume of tasks is calculated, then this is the employer's problem, not yours.

Therefore, in no case do not explain why you are leaving "so early" when all the other employees are "sitting up to the stop." If others show (inappropriate) curiosity, get off with a short and uninformative answer. "Already leaving?" - the colleague asks with displeasure, envying you because she herself did not dare to do the same. “Yes, we must run. Till tomorrow." - you answer calmly and kindly, without going into details and without explaining exactly where and why you need to run like that.

You to me - I to you

Try to compensate for processing. Even if your company does not comply with the Labor Code, and you do not receive additional payments, ask the manager for something else in exchange for your delays. Ask for a long lunch, ask for "personal days", kindergarten fees, a ticket, etc.

At first, it doesn't matter if the compensation is appropriate for the time spent - it's much more important to teach management to think that your extra effort should be rewarded and not considered the "norm".

Third party

In some companies, you will be forced to stay late, threatened with dismissal, deprivation of bonuses, etc. This is done in the expectation that the employee will be afraid to go into direct conflict, fearing the consequences. If you do not want to spoil relations with the director or chief accountant, then when refusing him, do not refer to your rights or the law - in a company where the Labor Code is not observed, such an argument will sound simply ridiculous.

Instead, find (or think of) a third party or "objective" reason, such as:

Husband won't let me stay late at work
“I need to pick up and feed the child, otherwise he will remain hungry”
“then the last train will leave, and I won’t be able to get home”
“I paid for a fitness club, and if I miss it, this money will not be returned”

In this case, be sure to emphasize that you would like to stay and help, but "circumstances" do not allow you.

Complicate the “detention process”

If you are explicitly asked to stay "for free" and refuse to compensate for overwork in any way, make this process difficult for the manager. Perhaps it is customary in your company to violate the rights of employees and elementary common sense. Perhaps regular delays in accounting have long become the norm for your colleagues. But if you think that by allowing yourself to be exploited, you can make a career, then most likely you are mistaken. If you silently agree, the boss will take your delays for granted, and, even worse, will no longer respect you: people do not respect those who do not know how to refuse.

Take a closer look at your management and those employees who have recently been promoted - with a high probability there will be very few among them who are constantly late at work. Why? It is precisely where the most stringent requirements are imposed on employees that only those who stand out from the obedient majority and know how to protect their interests are promoted and promoted.

The main thing is to do it correctly and avoid a categorical refusal.

Phipps Tatiana

Career Consulting Studio