Alopecia areata: causes, classification, symptoms and treatment of baldness. Where does baldness come from on the head? Causes, signs, treatment of alopecia areata

Focal (it is also alopecia) alopecia is a disease that affects both men and women with the same frequency, and is manifested by the appearance of rounded areas of skin devoid of hair. The peak incidence occurs before the age of 25 years.

Very often, a rounded bald spot on the head is an accidental finding when combing, especially for owners of long hair, since the hair falls out without any subjective sensations.

What is alopecia areata and what to do if you find such a rounded focus in yourself or your loved ones, read in our article.

In children

In children, alopecia areata is quite rare compared to other types of alopecia, and for the first time the symptoms of the disease develop most often after 3 years.

Development theories

To date, the causes of the development of the disease have not been established, therefore, scientists have developed theories according to which focal alopecia begins as a symptom of one of the diseases or conditions of the body.

There are observations according to which alopecia areata often occurs in those parents who also had episodes of localized hair loss in childhood.

In animals, a genetic pathology similar in manifestations occurs, with the consolidation of which the descendants received bald breeds of cats (sphinxes), dogs, rats, and, more recently, guinea pigs. In humans, the validity of the hereditary theory of alopecia areata is debated.

endocrine theory

According to this theory, the development of focal alopecia is associated with diseases of the thyroid gland.

Neuroendocrine theory

The disease develops as a reaction of the child's body to psychological and mental trauma. This theory is supported by the fact that alopecia areata often develops simultaneously with vitiligo.

It is believed that nervous shocks and emotional overstrain can cause disturbances in the functioning of the immune system, when one's own immune cells or immune complexes damage the skin and hair follicles in it.

The possibility of developing persistent local spasm of skin vessels under the influence of stress factors is also discussed, which leads to impaired growth and hair loss.

Theory of the impact of local infection

It has been noticed that often alopecia areata develops in those children who have foci of chronic infection in the body: often recurrent purulent otitis media, purulent inflammation of the palatine tonsils (tonsillitis), dental caries (there is also a multiplication of pathogenic bacteria), osteomyelitis and others.

How does it manifest

Usually the first manifestation is rounded foci of the skin of the scalp, on which the hair falls out completely. Such a focus may be single, but there may be multiple foci. The edges of the hearth are clear. In the diameter of the area of ​​baldness can be from 1 to 10 centimeters. The foci grow along the periphery and gradually merge.

Hair on the border with the focus of baldness is easily pulled out. This is the so-called “loose hair zone”. The skin in the bald area is not changed. It is of normal color, there may be slight redness, no peeling and crusting, hair follicles are enlarged.

Before hair loss, hair changes in a certain way. The hair breaks off at a distance of about 3 mm above the skin. The part of the hair shaft just above the skin becomes thinner and loses pigment. As a result, the fallen hair has a normal root, a thinned part at the base of the hair shaft and a normal structure of the rest of the shaft.

Outwardly, such hair is somewhat reminiscent of an exclamation mark "!". Often, simultaneously with hair loss or a little earlier, a change in the shape and structure of the nails begins. The nail plates become thin, tiny, easily exfoliate, longitudinal grooves and depressed areas appear on their surface.

With a special, ophiasis form of the disease, hair begins to fall out from the back of the head towards the temples or around the entire circumference of the head from the border of hair growth.

This form of alopecia areata and nail damage are considered unfavorable signs, indicating the intensity of the process and a high likelihood of developing malignant (universal) alopecia, when hair falls out all over the body. Malignant alopecia is practically not cured.

A poor prognosis is also found in those children who:

• the disease began in early childhood;
• episodes of baldness were accompanied by the appearance of a large number of foci of a large area or complete loss of hair on the head;
• pronounced damage to the nails began long before the appearance of foci of baldness;
• alopecia areata is combined with atopic dermatitis.

Diagnostics

The disease has practically no other symptoms, except for the appearance of foci of hair loss. Sometimes there may be a slight tingling or slight itching just before the hair loss begins.

The most common complaint is psychological discomfort from changing one's own appearance. Finding the exclamation point hair and ruling out any other conditions that may cause hair to fall out in limited areas of the skin is important to making a diagnosis. To do this, perform:

Trichogramma

At the border of the baldness zone, 25-50 hairs are pulled out and examined under a microscope to determine the structure of the hair, the stages of their growth.

Biopsy of the scalp

Taking a skin sample and histological examination of it makes it possible to exclude cicatricial alopecia in lupus or lichen planus and violent hair-pulling in such a mental illness as trichotillomania (an irresistible desire to pull out one's own hair and, quite often, eat it), skin atrophy in such a disease as Broca's pseudopelade.

Skin scraping

Usually, scrapings take exceptions to a fungal skin disease that can lead to localized hair loss. This happens with microsporia and trichophytosis. First, skin flakes are examined under a microscope to find mycelium cells in them.

If nothing can be found microscopically, then sowing is carried out on a nutrient medium, where the fungus, if present in the sample, grows and manifests itself.

General clinical examinations

A general and biochemical blood test, a stool test for worm eggs and others are prescribed to exclude the presence of anemia, diseases of the endocrine and nervous system, helminthic invasion, and local foci of chronic infection in the body.

All these studies are assigned to the patient at the discretion of the doctor only in cases where the diagnosis is unclear. In most cases, the characteristic appearance of the foci, the absence of complaints and the change in the shape of the hair make it possible to make a diagnosis already during the first visit to a trichologist.

Basic principles of treatment

In children, in the case of the first episode of patchy hair loss, treatment is not prescribed in cases where the child himself is not very concerned about changing his own appearance. The waiting tactic is justified because more than half of patients with a single focus within a year, hair growth resumes spontaneously, without any treatment.

For this period, general strengthening therapy can be prescribed: iron preparations, vitamins A, E, C, PP, group B or ready-made vitamin-mineral complexes, the amino acid methionine, phytin, riboflavin.

If hair loss traumatizes the child, several foci occur at the same time, or baldness captures the entire scalp, treatment is started immediately, without a period of waiting and observation.

For this, appoint:

• Glucotic steroids locally

Typically, corticosteroid hormones are given as a topical lotion or ointment. Usually start with a lotion, which is applied to the areas of hair loss 1 time per day in the evening. If the lotion greatly dries the skin, you can start applying the ointment. The course of treatment is three weeks, followed by a week break. Usually, to obtain a lasting effect, it is necessary to undergo 3-4 courses of treatment with corticosteroids.

A faster effect can be obtained by intradermal administration of corticosteroids. But this method of administration is available only in a medical institution in children over 10-12 years old who are ready to endure the pain of injections. Injections are repeated once every 4-6 weeks until a lasting effect is obtained. For intradermal injections, diprospan or triamcinolone acetonide can be used.

• Antralin

Anthralin is commonly used as a local irritant that causes contact dermatitis and blocks the activity of immune cells at the site of exposure. Anthralin treatment is labor intensive and requires parental supervision and close cooperation with the doctor, but it is good for those who prefer to treat at home.

• Diamincyclopropenone

This drug belongs to the group of immunomodulators, therefore it can be used only in those children who have reached the age of 12, whose baldness area is more than 30% of the scalp area and who are not helped by other methods of treatment. Diamincyclopropenone is used only in a hospital setting, where doctors have enough experience with this drug.

• Systemic use of corticosteroid hormones

In children, corticosteroid hormone preparations for the treatment of alopecia areata are ineffective and have a large number of side effects. Against the use of such drugs, one can cite the fact that after stopping the use of corticosteroids, relapse of alopecia areata may develop.

• Local phototherapy

Usually, phototherapy is used in combination with topical preparations that increase the sensitivity of the skin to ultraviolet light. But the effectiveness of this method for treatment is low. Phototherapy is best used to maintain the effect of treatment after recovery.

• Minoxidil

With prolonged use of the drug, there may be a slight increase in hair growth in the foci of alopecia, but complete restoration of the hairline does not occur. In Germany, minoxidil is generally banned for the treatment of alopecia areata in children as ineffective.

• Physiotherapy

At the stage of treatment, only one method gives good results - local cryotherapy. Usually, the course requires 20-25 sessions, which are held every other day or every day.

Sometimes the course has to be repeated. Other methods of physiotherapy can only be used after clinical recovery, as supportive procedures. Usually for this at home, you can use darsonval or a laser comb.

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Alopecia areata in women

In women, alopecia areata occurs at the age of 20-50 years, the peak of the first appearance of the disease occurs before the age of 25 years. If we talk about the reasons, then in women the neuroendocrine mechanism for the development of alopecia areata predominates in frequency.

The manifestations of the disease are identical to those in children. In adults, alopecia areata has its own classification.

By area affected:

• focal;
• subtotal: the foci grow and merge with each other, but between the areas of complete absence of hair there are islands or strips of hair separating them;
• total: complete absence of hair on the head;
• universal: head hair, eyelashes, eyebrows, pubic and armpit hair fall out.

By type of affected area:

• ophiaz: hair loss from the hairline in the occipital region and temples with spread to the top of the head;
• pseudosyphilitic: many small foci appear at the same time, several mm in diameter, which often come into contact with each other;
• cutting: hair with this form of the disease in the foci does not fall out, but breaks off at a short distance from the skin.

Separately in the classification is diffuse alopecia areata, in which hair does not fall out in separate foci with clear boundaries, but evenly over the entire head without the formation of noticeable bald spots.

Video: Female pattern baldness: causes and solutions

According to the stage of the disease:

• progression stage: there may be slight redness and burning in the focus, especially along its periphery, a zone of loose hair appears, broken hair in the form of an exclamation mark;
• stationary stage: skin of normal color or pale, there is no area of ​​loose hair;
• regression stage: over the entire surface of the focus first appear vellus hair, devoid of pigment, which is then replaced by normal pigmented hair.

To confirm the diagnosis, in addition to the listed methods of examination, a blood test for syphilis is added to exclude the syphilitic nature of the foci.

Signs of an unfavorable course of the disease in adults:

• the presence of the disease in parents or other close blood relatives;
• associated atopic dermatitis;
• the presence of an autoimmune disease;
• frequent relapses of the disease;
• ophiasis, total or universal form of the disease;
• severe damage to the nail plates;
• loss of newly growing vellus hair.

What to do if you accidentally notice a rounded bald spot:

• if there is only one focus and it does not reach three centimeters in diameter, then it is worth observing it: if the area of ​​hair loss does not expand, if new foci do not appear, then such a focus overgrows on its own within three to four months without treatment;

The foci are multiple, the foci grow and merge with each other:

• do not look for answers and recommendations for treatment on the forums (except perhaps for recommendations on choosing a specialist who should be entrusted with the treatment of your hair), you should immediately contact a trichologist;
• to pass, in addition to general clinical tests, blood from a vein for cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, mycoplasma, toxoplasma;
• donate blood from a vein for hormones of the thyroid gland, adrenal glands and pituitary gland;
• contact a psychotherapist and, if chronic anxiety is detected (you can determine acute anxiety without a psychotherapist), signs of depression, get the necessary psychotherapeutic and drug treatment.

Treatment is carried out in much the same way as in children. Corticosteroids are used locally and intradermally, locally irritating and immunomodulatory drugs. But a large role in the treatment of women is played by folk remedies that have a local irritating effect, due to their availability and the absence of side effects.

Locally irritating effect is exerted by: onion juice, mustard, red hot pepper, cognac and alcohol-containing tinctures of medicinal fruits and herbs. These products can be used in the form of masks before shampooing, and can be applied daily in the evening or twice a day to the hair roots in the form of medicinal tinctures.

Also, acupuncture and acupuncture, aromatherapy, evening primrose oil (both alone and as part of hair masks), zinc can be used from folk remedies.

In medical institutions at home, a variety of physiotherapy procedures can be used, the main of which are darsonval, low-intensity laser radiation.

It should be taken into account the fact that in some women, alopecia areata not only cannot be cured, it is not even possible to stop its progression, up to the loss of all hair on the head and body.

Baldness in men

The only difference between alopecia areata in men is the likelihood of foci of baldness in the mustache and beard area. The presence of such foci is especially unpleasant for men with dark hair, in whom, even after shaving, dark hair shines through the skin and makes bald spots noticeable.

Treatment is carried out with the drugs described above, folk remedies and methods of physiotherapy. Areas of baldness on the beard can be treated and hair regrowth can be achieved, or laser hair removal of the cheeks, mustache and chin area can be done so that the bristles do not remind you of the presence of bald spots.

Video: Alopecia areata

How to treat alopecia areata on the beard:

• treatment of any diseases that the patient has before recovery or clinically significant remission, prevention of exacerbations;
• it is undesirable to use glucocorticosteroids and immunomodulators on the face, as the risk of side effects increases;
• photochemotherapy: the use of ultraviolet radiation after applying special preparations that increase the sensitivity of the skin to UV radiation;
• the use of biogenic stimulants: hirudotherapy, the use of drugs containing leech saliva extract;
• the use of zinc and silicon preparations that improve hair growth and structure;
• locally irritating drugs: turpentine ointment, naftalan alcohol, tincture of red hot pepper, chilibuha;
here .

Alopecia areata in children resembles Broca's pseudopelade in its symptoms. The skin in the lesions is also even and smooth, with a natural shade. See photos of this type of baldness.

If treatment for alopecia areata is ineffective:

• always remind yourself that even if you lose your hair, you feel good and can do your usual things: work, meet people, play sports;
• alopecia areata does not affect life expectancy;
• there are many other people who live with such a problem;
• you can value yourself not only for the amount of hair on your head and body;
• use sunscreen;
• use goggles to protect your eyes from the sun and dust if your eyebrows and eyelashes are missing;
• apply an ointment with antimicrobial and antiviral action if hair falls out in the nostrils;
• choose a wig or a stylish headdress to reduce the impact of hair loss on appearance;
• permanent makeup will help to mask the absence of eyelashes, which in this case can also be used in men;
• to mask the lesions on the beard, you can use the same tattoo that is used by women to correct the shape of the eyebrows;
• if the foci of baldness are small, they can be masked with a special spray or mascara, matched to the tone of the hair.

Today on the site Koshechka.ru we will talk about a disease that causes a lot of inconvenience to many men and women:. And also about how you can deal with it, including folk methods.

Alopecia areata

The meaning of alopecia areata lies in the fact that the body, for certain reasons, begins to take hair follicles in different parts of the body for foreign formations and reject them. It most often occurs on the head. And in a more advanced stage, it also affects the nails. Its significant difference from other types is that the place of hair loss has an oval or round shape.

This type of alopecia deals a serious blow to the psychological state. Many people experience severe mental discomfort during the onset and treatment of the disease, try to isolate themselves from others and loved ones, and may become depressed. That is why it is so important not only to be attentive to your hair, but also, at the slightest suspicion, immediately consult a doctor.

Alopecia areata causes hair loss in "islands" anywhere on the head

Alopecia areata: causes

The causes of alopecia have not been thoroughly studied to date, however, factors that can provoke its appearance have been identified.

• Alopecia areata is most likely to develop if someone in your family has had it before.
• A large amount of stress, lack of sleep, malnutrition and other negative factors can cause this disease.
• Acute viral infections as well as various chronic diseases can also be the culprit if you develop alopecia areata or alopecia areata.
• Disorders or disturbances in the work of the autonomic and endocrine systems.
• Any skin fungal diseases can also provoke the appearance of alopecia areata.
• Any disruption in the functioning of the immune system can also cause its development.
• Also in medical practice, there are often cases when alopecia develops after trauma: closed injuries (bruises), open injuries and injuries (cut or lacerated wounds).

Alopecia areata: treatment

I would like to note right away that the treatment is selected strictly individually, since each person may have different factors provoking alopecia. So, for example, if a person is very worried about the disease and has problems with the endocrine system, then he is prescribed sedatives, restores the endocrine system and treats alopecia areata at the same time. Basically, the drugs for treatment are the same, but only an experienced doctor can notice the difference and change the drug if necessary, or prescribe additional procedures.

In addition to various creams, ointments, tinctures and lotions that improve blood microcirculation, promote cell regeneration and various procedures, drugs that improve cell nutrition, vasodilators, various vitamin complexes and much more are used as needed.

Alopecia areata: treatment at home

Pay special attention to the fact that folk methods can only speed up the healing process, but they cannot be regarded as a complete treatment ....

• The most effective herbs for treating alopecia areata are burdock and nettle. Mix 30 g of burdock roots and 70 g of nettle leaves. Pour a glass of boiling water and put in a water bath for fifteen minutes. After that, the resulting mixture should be cooled at room temperature and filtered. The volume of the resulting broth should be brought with boiled water to 200 ml. After that, you can rinse and wash your hair with it as your hair gets dirty.
• Mix 15g of plantain leaves, 15g of burdock root, 10g of medicinal calendula flowers, 10g of peppermint, 15g of St. This infusion should be drunk half a glass thirty minutes before meals three times a day.
• Alopecia areata in women: first aid treatment. Washed hair in a day or two should be wiped with a 40% solution of sodium thiosulfate, and after an hour - with a 5% solution of hydrochloric acid. When applying the second solution, the cotton must be changed periodically, as a reaction occurs and sulfur falls on the head. For treatment, it is necessary to do such procedures every evening for 6-7 days without washing your hair. And on the 7th-8th day, wash your hair with "baby" soap and rinse your head with boiled water with vinegar (1 tablespoon per 1.5 liters of water). With such cycles, you need to treat your hair for two months, then you can take a month break and repeat everything again. If the result is positive, only supportive treatment can be left and carried out for a week in spring and autumn, or 1-2 treatments per month.
• Alopecia areata in women treated in this way. Mix a tablespoon of lemon juice, onion, garlic, mayonnaise with a teaspoon of honey and apply the resulting mixture on your head four hours before washing your hair. Wet hair should be wrapped with a film and a warm towel for thirty minutes. Then you can wash your hair. If the smell of the mixture persists after washing, then you can add perfume, cologne or vinegar to the rinse water.

Bruslik Maria - especially for Koshechka.ru - a site for lovers ... into yourself!

Sudden baldness can frighten both a woman and a man. The loss of density or the appearance of whole bald spots for no apparent reason signals the start of focal alopecia, which can result in a complete loss of hairline. Find out what provokes the disease and whether it is possible to stop its development.

What is alopecia areata

Alternative names are alopecia areata or alopecia areata. Any of the words fully reflects the main condition of baldness: hair loss occurs locally, in round areas. The surface of the head in these places is absolutely smooth. If you do not observe the process, you might think that the hairy areas have been shaved, although the edges are not always even. The disease affects even young children, is characteristic of both sexes, but is more common in men.

Forms of the disease

Foci of nested alopecia can appear only at a specific point, gradually increasing in number around it, or they can be located in an arbitrary order. The same applies to the intensity of fallout, speed, area affected. Focusing on all these factors, doctors deduced 6 forms of alopecia areata:

• diffuse - characterized by a general decrease in density only along the scalp;
• local - is a focal loss of hair bundles in the classical sense, starting from the crown;
• subtotal is characterized by the absence of more than 40% of the scalp;
• ophiasis - nested hair loss along the marginal line of their growth, or foci are localized on the back of the head or temples;
• total form of nested alopecia - implies the complete absence of the scalp;
• universal - affects eyebrows, eyelashes, body hair, nail plates.

stages

Pathology can develop according to the following scenario:

1. Active, which is initial, is characterized by hyperemia of the scalp, edema may be present. Hair on the border of the area of ​​baldness is easily removed if you pull on them, they have broken thinned ends.
2. At the stationary stage, hyperemia and edema disappear, the focus looks exactly the same. This may be followed by another active stage, in which new points of baldness will appear.
3. Regression does not always occur. It is characterized by the appearance of new hair on the affected area, but with a loss of pigmentation - complete or partial.
4. With total alopecia, a dystrophic change in the nail plate is possible: a wavy free edge, longitudinal furrows, dotted depressions over the entire area.

Causes of baldness

The etiology of the disease is still not scientifically established. Doctors suggest that an autoimmune disorder of the hair follicle becomes a provocateur of alopecia areata, in which the reception of the papilla of the follicle is damaged. As the affected areas increase, the immunity indicators of the cells of the whole organism suffer, and the hormonal background is affected. Nested alopecia occurs due to a violation of the hair growth and development cycle: premature telogen (resting stage in the life of the follicle) immediately ends in loss. Hair that is in anagen (development) breaks off.

Possible causes of patchy alopecia:

• prolonged stress, which is a provocateur of most diseases, often associated with SARS;
• hereditary predisposition, often transmitted from parents - androgenetic alopecia in women manifests itself according to this principle;
• seborrheic alopecia - can lead to the development of alopecia areata.

First signs

Nested alopecia is characterized by an unpredictable course, in which one or more areas of a clean scalp first appear, and then they suddenly overgrow, as if the disease had regressed. It takes up to six months to return to the original state, during which a person can assume that he is healthy. However, another development of events is also possible: while the first foci are overgrown, new ones appear on the surface of the head, much distant from the old ones. Changing points of baldness can last for several years, while the relapse changes its strength, passing through all forms of alopecia.

• According to data from specialists, alopecia in children does not manifest itself in a total form - it immediately turns into a universal one, since the child has a higher relationship between the scalp and the body. With nested hair loss on the head, they also disappear on the body.
• Alopecia nesting in all stages is characterized by the following symptoms: itching, hyperemia, wounds. A bald spot at the initial stage is single, only 20% of cases have 2 or more areas at once.

How is patchy baldness treated?

It is useless to buy cosmetic preparations that promise to restore the density and health of hair without finding out the cause of the disease. If a doctor has diagnosed patchy baldness, no hair growth spray or alopecia remedy will help until the source is addressed. Given that the exact cause of patchy alopecia has not been established, but is presumably based on internal cellular changes, the chances of a complete and permanent cure are negligible. What do doctors suggest?

Methods of modern medicine

To determine how the treatment of alopecia according to the nested type will be carried out, it is necessary to undergo a diagnosis. It consists of dermatoscopy, testing for fungal bacteria and blood sampling. The latter analysis especially carefully reveals the presence of viruses that provoke syphilis or lupus, as possible factors contributing to baldness.

Medical treatment

Corticosteroid hormones are recognized as the most effective substance against alopecia. Their maximum concentration is supplied to the body through injections, which leads to the activation of the follicles and the growth of new hair. The disadvantage of the method is that the result is short-lived, and the therapy itself is not suitable for the treatment of a universal or total form - it works only in small areas. The total form is treated with tablets, but they have a large number of side effects.

Corticosteroids can be in the form of an ointment - this is the only effective activator of hair growth. The remedy well inhibits the activity of immune cells, but, like injections, it gives results only on mild forms of alopecia. After completion of the course of treatment, withdrawal syndrome occurs with hair loss. The most famous drug of this block is Clobetasol, which is rubbed into the scalp 2 times a day.

Massage and physiotherapy

To combat alopecia, phototherapy has become widespread, in which areas of baldness are irradiated with ultraviolet light. The probability of restoring the health of follicles is more than 60%. However, the safety of UV rays is questionable, long-term treatment provokes skin cancer. Alternatives:

• photochemotherapy;
• cryomassage using paraffin;
• darsonvalization;
• electrophoresis.

Surgery

In the last stages, alopecia areata is almost impossible to treat, so hair transplantation becomes the only way out. However, this method also cannot be considered universal: exacerbation of nested alopecia will lead to the loss of new, implanted bulbs. If the cause of alopecia is not established, you risk even after an expensive operation to end up with the same result.

Folk remedies

Given the lack of guarantees for drug treatment, home methods to stop alopecia and start hair growth do not lose their relevance. The most popular of them:

• Nicotinic acid, as an antispasmodic, relieves follicle hypoxia, so it can be recommended as a remedy for baldness. The contents of the ampoule opened before the procedure are rubbed into the skin every day.
• Onion juice in tandem with pepper tincture treats alopecia areata at an early stage. They are applied with a mask for half an hour. To eliminate the smell, cosmetic clay is added.
• Massaging with coarse sea salt helps in the treatment of patchy baldness that has developed from seborrheic.

Video: what causes patchy alopecia

Alopecia areata (baldness) can appear in women at any age, but the first signs are often observed at 15-35 years of age. Many manage to get rid of the disease in a year or several years, but sometimes the disease becomes chronic, aggravated regularly. Focal alopecia does not harm the overall health of the body, but is a cosmetic defect. The disease becomes especially dangerous when it becomes severe. Baldness automatically causes disturbances in the mental state, provokes the onset of depression, which worsens the course of the disease.

Alopecia areata in most cases develops under the influence of an autoimmune mechanism. The body's defenses can misrecognize hair follicles, confusing them with foreign tissue. In patients with severe alopecia areata, immunoglobulins are often detected in the structure of follicles, pathologies of immunoglobulins in plasma and a lack of immunity are diagnosed. Women with dark hair color suffer more from this disease.

Factors affecting the onset of the disease:

1. hereditary predisposition. In many cases, symptoms of alopecia areata can be seen in close relatives.
2. Prolonged viral activity in the body.
3. The presence of chronic infectious processes.
4. Hair loss can be affected by sinusitis, tonsillitis. In some cases, caries and other dental problems have an effect.
5. Long-term influence of stress factors.
6. Pathology of the endocrine system.

If alopecia areata occurs under the influence of hormonal imbalance, disorders in the activity of the organs of the endocrine system are additionally diagnosed.

Pathologies in the functioning of the vegetative system, due to which there are obvious pathologies of microcirculation. There is a spasm in the capillaries and arteries, the number of capillaries decreases, an increase in blood viscosity is diagnosed. If the processes of blood circulation are greatly slowed down, the disease can quickly become chronic, worsen the appearance of a person.

Forms

Alopecia areata occurs in one of the following forms:

1. Local. Foci of severe hair loss with oval contours are revealed.
2. ribbon-like. It is one of the most unfavorable forms of the course of the disease. The pathological focus, where hair practically does not grow, flows from the back of the head to the temples, resembling the shape of a ribbon.
3. Subtotal. Initially, it manifests itself as small lesions, which women often successfully mask. In the future, the course of the disease worsens, as the foci of its distribution increase, merge.
4. Total. Approximately uniform hair loss is observed over the entire area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe head, loss of eyelashes and eyebrows is possible.
5. Universal. The focus of hair loss is observed throughout the body. This disease can develop over decades, affecting new areas. It is possible to grow hair in places where they previously fell out, while the appearance of new pathological foci is observed. Sometimes there are short remissions, which in most cases end in relapses. The most striking negative symptoms a person experiences in the first months of the disease, in the future periods of exacerbation are more easily tolerated.
6. Alopecia areata. It is characterized by an accelerated pathological process in which the nail plates are involved. It is a complicated form of the disease, difficult to treat.

On a note! Usually, the disease only affects the scalp. Significant hair loss is not always noticed, obvious changes are noticeable in less than 10% of patients. If the disease proceeds in a malignant form, the symptoms of the disease may gradually change.

Signs and stages

Depending on the symptoms of the disease, the following stages are distinguished:

1. progressive. There is swelling of the skin in places where there is an almost complete absence of hair. Usually there is a slight hyperemia, you can notice inflammation. Patients complain of severe itching, possibly a tingling and burning sensation. Too short hair is observed near the place of complete baldness. Accelerated hair loss is detected in areas near the foci of baldness. Usually, patients notice this symptom when combing, but sometimes it manifests itself when touching the hair. Hair follicles have a dystrophic shape, which indicates a pathological condition.
2. subacute. It is characterized by a rarer occurrence of foci of inflammation, which quickly pass, are replaced by others. Perhaps the complete absence of inflammatory reactions. The skin in areas of baldness becomes paler, there are no zones in which the hair is short.
3. Regression. In places of complete baldness, hair growth with a refined structure is observed. Usually they have a light color, then pigmentation twitches. As they grow, their appearance will improve.

If alopecia areata passes in a mild form, nail dystrophy practically does not manifest itself. Mild signs are observed in no more than 20% of patients. Nested and universal forms are characterized by dystrophic lesions of the nails in almost all patients. Nails become more fragile, their ribbed structure is observed. There is a wavy pattern around the edges.

On a note! Doctors talk about the chronic course of the disease if the characteristic symptoms appear for six months or longer.

Treatment

To get rid of alopecia areata, complex measures are used, which consist not only in medication, physiotherapy, and, if necessary, surgical therapy, but also in providing all possible psychological assistance to the patient. It is important to have a complex effect on the entire body, as well as the use of drugs that normalize hair growth processes at the local level.

Conservative treatment

Often the progression of alopecia areata can be stopped even in the severe stages of the disease, using modern medications. The tasks of drug therapy include not only the gradual stop of hair loss, but also the acceleration of their growth, even in large foci of hair loss.

One of the most popular conservative drugs is Spironolactone. Sold in the form of tablets. With a course of treatment, you can completely stop hair loss. If the disease is detected in the initial stages, use the drug for a month according to the instructions. When pronounced foci of hair loss are observed, the course of treatment is 3 months or longer.

When alopecia areata is detected, doctors often prescribe Minoxidil. The drug is available in a liquid configuration. This drug is distributed to foci where hair is completely absent. It must be applied twice a day. The course of treatment is 3 months no longer. This drug allows you to normalize the condition of the follicles, provides a rapid growth of hair.

If the disease was discovered recently, it is advisable to use Finasteride. This drug allows you to get rid of small pockets of hair loss. To get a pronounced result, you must use this drug 2 times a day. The dosage is selected after consultation with the attending physician. When prescribing the drug in the wrong dose, the symptoms of the disease may worsen. An overdose is unacceptable, as it can provoke thinning of healthy hair, accelerating their loss.

On a note! When used correctly, the drug shows high efficiency, allows you to completely cure diseases, but is contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation.

Popular drug Cimetidine. It is characterized by antiandrogenic properties, which is why it is prescribed exclusively for the treatment of baldness in women.

Video - Why women go bald

Topical preparations

When alopecia areata is detected, it is necessary to accurately identify the cause of the disease in order to conduct competent treatment. In some cases, doctors pay attention to several factors obtained when taking a patient's history. Features of treatment depend on the form, stage of the disease. To quickly get a positive effect, topical preparations are used.

Often doctors advise using specialized shampoos. The most popular of them are Fitoval, Rinfoltil, Alerana. Companies often provide separate lines of grooming products designed for people of different genders. When choosing a suitable cosmetic product, you need to pay attention to the type of hair for which a particular option is intended. Shampoos are used to accelerate hair growth, improve the structure of follicles. Often in the composition of cosmetics are various vitamins, extracts from medicinal plants.

On a note! Pay attention to the presence of such important components as poppy seed oil and lecithin. The first is necessary to normalize the structure of the hair, accelerate the processes of regeneration. Also, this component allows you to get rid of dandruff, a positive effect on the appearance of hair. Lecithin helps to improve the hair structure by accelerating metabolic processes.

Ointments are often used for the complex treatment of alopecia areata. In the initial stages, appoint Fluorocort. It belongs to the group of glucocorticoids, which is why it should be used with caution, under the supervision of a physician. The ointment acts on the structure of blood vessels, increasing their permeability. The drug is applied to the foci, on which there is almost complete hair loss. Medicinal components accelerate the supply of nutrients to the follicles, which normalizes the process of hair growth. The ointment is distributed to the affected areas in a small layer.

It is necessary to use the remedy 2 times a day. If the treatment of baldness begins in the last stages of the disease, you can use the ointment in the form of a compress. To note a positive result, it is necessary to conduct a course of treatment, which is at least 3 weeks. On the recommendation of a doctor, it is often increased. With regular use of the ointment, side effects sometimes appear that are unpleasant for patients, but do not always carry a great danger.

Itching, hyperemia, and other symptoms of skin irritation may occur. It is undesirable to use the ointment for fungal diseases, a relative contraindication to use is pregnancy. You can not use the drug in the presence of hypersensitivity to certain components. When symptoms of alopecia areata are detected, women are often prescribed topical ointments.

On a note! Helps with mild disease Ultralan, Locacorten. If baldness extends to most of the head, help Locoid, Flucinar.

Physiotherapy treatment

Many are given to completely get rid of alopecia areata using a properly selected set of physiotherapy. This method of treatment is characterized by relative safety, acts locally, improves blood circulation, nourishes the skin. Many procedures bring a positive effect, virtually eliminate the risk of relapse, and can be used at any age. The selection of the optimal method of treatment is carried out by a trichologist. With alopecia, electrophoresis, cryotherapy, ultrasound therapy, heat treatment, and massage are highly effective.

The main treatment methods:

Alopecia areata can bring a lot of unpleasant consequences for the life of the patient. To eliminate the disease, it is necessary to use complex therapy in a timely manner. If the disease is in advanced stages, surgical hair transplantation is performed along with other medical methods. With a timely visit to the doctor, the implementation of the prescribed therapy, you can completely get rid of the disease, eliminating the onset of serious consequences for life.

From this article you will learn:

What types of alopecia exist

What are the stages of alopecia areata in women

What are the causes of alopecia areata in women

How to diagnose alopecia areata in women

How is alopecia areata treated in women?

What are the ways to accelerate hair growth after alopecia areata in women

What are the preventive measures to prevent alopecia areata in women?

Alopecia areata in women (baldness) is a problem that can happen at any age, but the primary signs are often observed in the female half at 15–35 years old. Most people eliminate this disease in one year or several years, but it happens that the disease becomes chronic, then it worsens constantly.

Focal alopecia does not affect the health of the body as a whole, but is a cosmetic defect in aesthetic terms. If the disease becomes severe, the consequences can be dangerous.

How does alopecia areata manifest in women?

Alopecia areata already by its name explains that the defeat of this disease occurs locally, and not throughout the entire scalp. Alopecia nesting type is characterized by the formation of one or more foci of a round or oval shape. The skin at the site of the formation of a bald patch does not differ in color, does not itch, and there are no rashes on it.

In most cases, alopecia areata in women does not bring discomfort. The initial period of the disease is characterized by very rapid and abundant hair loss in a particular area. If the disease is concentrated in a small area of ​​the head, then it usually goes away on its own and does not require therapy. If there is a formation of several bald patches at once or a relapse occurs, then it is necessary to consult a doctor.

In men, women and even in children, the disease manifests itself in the same way: there is a continuous loss of hairs in a certain area. Several bald patches can form, and if not treated appropriately, they can grow and connect.

The main symptoms of the disease:

a smooth surface of the skin, on which in some cases a barely noticeable fluff is visible;

there is an inflammatory process at the site of hair loss;

the bald area becomes oval or round;

very rarely there is itching at the site of hair loss;

the affected skin turns red, wounds form on it;

the hairs become very brittle and from this places are formed, as if they had been shaved.

Alopecia areata and other types of baldness

The photo of alopecia areata in women, presented below, demonstrates the stages of development of this disease.

Alopecia areata in women manifests itself in one of the following forms:

Local. Areas of the oval contour are revealed, on which abundant hair loss occurs.

Ribbon-like. It is one of the most unfavorable forms of the disease. Painful focus, on which almost no hair grows, runs from the occiput to the temples and resembles the shape of a ribbon.

Subtotal. At the initial stage, it is expressed by small lesions, which women carefully hide. But after some time, the disease progresses, the foci become larger, connected.

Total. It is a uniform hair loss over the entire surface of a woman's head, and loss of eyelashes and eyebrows can also be observed.

Universal. Hair loss occurs all over the body. This form of the disease can develop over decades, affecting new and new zones. It happens that hair grows in previously bald places, but at the same time, new pathological foci are formed. From time to time, short-term remissions occur, which almost always end in relapses. A woman suffers unpleasant sensations in the first months of the disease, then during an exacerbation they are practically absent.

Alopecia areata. The pathological process of hair loss occurs very quickly, moreover, the nail plates are involved in it. This type of disease is a complicated form that is difficult to cure.

Stages of alopecia areata in women

There are the following phases of the disease:

Phase #1. Progressive. It is characterized by swelling of the skin in places where there is almost no hair. Hyperemia is almost always manifested, inflammation may appear. Patients complain of severe itching, tingling and burning sensations. Near the place where complete baldness occurred, there are very short hairs.

There is an accelerated hair loss in areas adjacent to the bald patches. In most cases, women notice this sign of baldness while combing, but it happens that it is detected by touching the hair. The hair follicles are dystrophic, indicating problems.

Phase #2. Subacute. This stage is characterized by the rare appearance of foci of inflammation, which are quickly replaced by others. Inflammatory reactions may not be at all. In places of baldness, there is a pale skin, the absence of zones with a small length of hair.

Phase #3. Regression. On bald patches, hair grows, which have a fine structure. In most cases, they are light, then pigmented. There is an improvement in appearance as they grow.

If alopecia areata in women is mild, there is no deformation of the nails. Signs of mild dystrophy of the nail plate are observed in less than 20% of affected women.

Nesting and universal forms affect the nails in almost all patients. They become more fragile, ribbing appears in the structure, a wavy pattern along the edges.

We can talk about the chronic course of the disease if typical symptoms appear for six months or more.

Causes of alopecia areata in women

The origin of alopecia areata in women and the reasons for its occurrence are almost impossible to establish exactly. However, there is a list of factors that can affect the onset of this disease:

Heredity. Everyone knows that many diseases are transmitted in this way. If there was a tendency for profuse hair loss in the male line, the likelihood of baldness in their children is also high.

autoimmune processes. The case when the cells of the immune system itself block hair growth or destroy them. However, the therapy that is used does not give positive results, so this reason has not yet been proven.

Infectious diseases. Severe illnesses that a woman has suffered can cause hair loss in all parts of the body. Various fungal infections of the skin can also cause this deviation.

Stress. There are patients whose bald patches began to appear as a result of a moral shock.

Injuries and cuts. There are cases when a person, hitting his head, damages his hair and severely injures their follicles, which can subsequently shed hairs.

Diagnosis of alopecia areata in women

In most cases, an experienced specialist, having examined a woman, can immediately determine the type of alopecia. To confirm the diagnosis, he can use a dermatoscope. In any case, the first step is to take a scraping in the areas of loss of curls in order to exclude lichen and other similar diseases. If a woman has signs of other diseases, for example, lupus or syphilis, then in this case a blood test is also needed.

After passing the tests, you also need to undergo an examination with related specialists to exclude diseases accompanied by alopecia areata:

a neurologist - to exclude the influence of psychological trauma and nervous stress;

at the endocrinologist - in order to lower the influence of the thyroid gland;

at the pediatrician - to exclude pneumonia, chickenpox, helminthiases;

at the gastroenterologist - omit beriberi, gastroduodenitis.

Alopecia areata in women cannot be completely cured on their own at home. Treatment can only be prescribed by a trichologist after establishing the cause of baldness.

To fix the problem, an integrated approach is required, including:

adjustment of immunity;

providing a local irritant effect, which is aimed at increasing blood microcirculation;

the use of physiotherapeutic methods of therapy;

antiviral drugs.

To completely get rid of alopecia areata requires a course of treatment that lasts at least two months. Usually, patchy alopecia completely disappears after six months - this time is enough for the hair to grow back.

Women prone to frequent nervous shocks, in the treatment of alopecia areata, must necessarily use sedatives and B vitamins.

Medical treatment alopecia areata consists of:

Reception of immunomodulators;

The use of local remedies that dilate blood vessels and improve blood circulation;

Reception of a complex of vitamins.

Immunomodulatory drugs are mandatory for use in any case, for any reason of the disease. If alopecia areata in women appeared due to an infection or fungus, then the use of specialized drugs is additionally indicated.

Improving local circulation is an important measure for hair restoration. Having determined the causes of baldness, the doctor can prescribe drugs that have vasodilating properties: nicotinic acid, pepper tincture. In addition, specialized serums and lotions can be prescribed, which must be rubbed into the bald patch.

The most widely known drugs that are used to regenerate the structure and quality of hair:

tablets "Pantovigar", "Minoxidil", "Nutrikap";

vitamins "Vitrum Beauty", "Merz";

funds "Folten Pharma".

Vitamin complexes for hair in the treatment of alopecia areata in women are also prescribed by a doctor without fail. The dosage is calculated by a specialist based on the cause of the disease and the patient's intake of additional drugs. Reception of vitamin complexes is the easiest way of medicinal treatment. In this case, vitamin B6 must be present.

Physiotherapy with alopecia areata also effectively fights foci of baldness in women.

Physiotherapy methods make it possible to:

Expand blood vessels and increase blood supply to the roots;

Raise local immunity;

Activate inactive hair follicles.

The course of treatment includes 10-15 procedures, which should be carried out daily or every other day.

Physiotherapy treatment is of several types:

cryotherapy of hair;

electrophoresis;

darsonvalization;

iontophoresis;

galvanization;

It is possible to choose the appropriate method of physiotherapy only after establishing the cause of baldness.

Cryotherapy based on the use of liquid nitrogen for local freezing of defective areas of the scalp. It works pointwise, but along the entire diameter of the bald spot. At the same time, during the procedure, the walls of blood vessels are strengthened, blood circulation improves and dormant bulbs are activated. This method is completely painless.

Cryotherapy is able to effectively cope with alopecia areata in women in a short period of time. The only drawback of this treatment is the destruction of the hair structure. This happens under the influence of nitrogen - healthy hair loses water and becomes brittle, so this method of treating alopecia areata should be carried out in combination with additional measures to nourish and strengthen curls.

Electrophoresis and iontophoresis- two similar methods of physiotherapy treatment based on the impact of current. In this case, a medicine is applied to the bald patch, which, together with current pulses, penetrates into the deeper layers of the epidermis. Usually, doctors use nicotinic acid, which is known for its ability to dilate blood vessels and increase blood circulation.

Galvanization is also based on current exposure, but with this method, the scalp is heated. As a result of the formation of heat, metabolic processes in skin cells are accelerated, blood circulation returns to normal and the functioning of the thyroid gland improves.

The most affordable and no less effective method for eliminating alopecia areata in women is darsonvalization. Its main advantage is accessibility, because darsonvalization can be carried out independently at home. The device "Darsonvalya" is sold in any pharmacy. The set includes nozzles made of glass of various shapes and purposes. To eliminate focal alopecia in women, a nozzle in the form of a fungus is needed.

The darsonvalization procedure is simple: you need to connect the device to the network and perform a massage with a fungus nozzle for 10 minutes. The drug helps to restore hair follicles and activate blood circulation. The course of treatment is 15 procedures.

scalp massage, done by a professional , also contributes to the successful elimination of baldness. The procedure should be carried out exclusively in the office of a specialist. The duration of the massage is about half an hour, while the doctor has an effect on the focus of baldness and the cervical-collar zone.

Contraindications: the presence of oncological and infectious diseases, pacemakers, pregnancy.

If all methods of dealing with alopecia areata in women do not bring positive results, then the patient may be prescribed hair transplantation. This is a surgical method that is used in a severe form of the disease. Such operations are carried out exclusively in specialized medical centers. You can learn more about alopecia areata in women, its treatment and reviews from any available information sources.

Ways to accelerate hair growth after alopecia areata in women

There are various ways to restore hair after alopecia areata in women. Let us consider in more detail with the help of what folk remedies treatment takes place.

Aloe juice

Aloe juice is endowed with biologically active substances and is a strong stimulant. Getting it is not difficult at all: you need to cut a few leaves, wash them, then cut into pieces of any shape and knead. The resulting juice must be rubbed into the scalp and left for 2 hours, then rinse your head with warm water. It must be remembered that the most effective is the remedy that was prepared from a plant that has reached the age of three.

Nicotinic acid for hair

The principle of action of nicotinic acid (using the example of nicotinic acid for hair from Renewal):

Activates dormant hair follicles;

Stops hair loss;

Endowed with a keratin-restoring effect.

As a result of applying nicotinic acid to the scalp, the following processes occur that affect hair growth:

vessels of the peripheral network become wider;

blood circulation improves;

the supply of oxygen and trace elements to the hair follicles is accelerated;

internal metabolic processes in the hair roots are faster.

All of these processes stop massive hair loss and are a stimulus for the growth of new ones. A secondary effect of nicotinic acid is its participation in maintaining healthy hair pigmentation.

Mask with Panthenol

D-Panthenol is a pharmaceutical product containing a substance that in a woman's body passes into pantothenic acid (vitamin B5). D-Panthenol is endowed with a restorative effect, is used for the rapid healing of burns, cuts, bedsores, and is also an assistant for patients who suffer from dermatitis, furunculosis and other skin diseases.

D-Panthenol exists in the following forms: shampoo, cream, ointment, spray and gel. The last two types are widely used as scalp masks that help accelerate hair growth. Spray or gel, for example, should be applied to the roots of wet clean hair and left for 10-15 minutes, then rinse. Processing the hair along the entire length allows you to smooth them and eliminate static electricity.

The use of D-Panthenol is limited for people who suffer from bronchial asthma, because spraying a spray can provoke an attack. Also, the active substance of D-Panthenol can penetrate the placental barrier, so pregnant women are allowed to apply it only to very small areas of the skin.

Rinsing with cold water. The action of contrasting temperatures has a positive effect on the blood supply to the scalp and activates dormant hair follicles. So it is recommended to rinse your hair with cool (but not cold!) Water. You can carry out this procedure after washing your hair, applying a mask or conditioner.

Rinsing with apple cider vinegar

With the constant use of apple cider vinegar, there is an increase in hair growth, an increase in their elasticity, the appearance of shine, and easier combing. Also, adding acid to the rinse water helps to completely remove detergent residue.

You can get a very good hair rinse by dissolving apple cider vinegar in cool water in a proportion of 1 tbsp. a spoonful of vinegar to 1 liter of water. The resulting product is also used to fix hair color. To this end, brunettes and brown-haired women are recommended to supplement each liter of the solution with a glass of rosemary decoction, and blondes - a decoction of chamomile.

You should not wash off such a natural rinse from your hair: apple cider vinegar is not endowed with a sharp, obsessive aroma. Hair treatment with vinegar rinse is carried out once every two weeks. It is most effective to use homemade vinegar.

When choosing apple cider vinegar in the store, you must adhere to the following rules:

The bottle must be made of dark glass;

The strength of vinegar should not exceed 6%;

The presence of sediment at the bottom of the bottle is welcome (a sign of the naturalness of the product);

When shaking the bottle, the formation of foam should be observed (the sooner it disappears, the better the product);

Indication on the label as part of only apple cider vinegar (no additives).

Protein mask

Egg white nourishes the scalp, accelerates hair growth and prevents the onset of alopecia areata in women. Preparation of the mask: beat the whites of two eggs into a weak foam, then apply the resulting mass to the entire surface of wet hair. To increase efficiency, you can wrap your head in a towel. After 10 minutes, wash off the mixture with water at room temperature. Make a mask should not be more than once a week. A positive result is observed after 3-4 procedures.

Egg-cognac mask

It strengthens the scalp and hair roots. Preparation: take 2 eggs and 30–40 ml of cognac. The mixture should be lightly beaten, then rubbed into the scalp, and after 15 minutes, rinse with cool water. Adding two teaspoons of olive oil to this mask will make your hair manageable and supple.

Mask with essential oils

A mixture of equal parts of essential oils of jojoba, rosemary, lavender, thyme and almond, which is diluted with any vegetable oil in a ratio of 1:10, has a positive effect on hair follicles. This mask is applied to the head and kept for two hours. To completely remove this composition, you will need a well-foaming shampoo.

spice mask

Ginger, cinnamon, mustard and hot red pepper activate hair growth by heating the scalp and stimulating peripheral blood flow.

The following compositions have the greatest effect: a mixture of alcohol tincture of red pepper and vegetable oil in equal proportions (oil can be replaced with a liquid concentrate of vitamin A or E); pepper tincture, which is diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 2; two tablespoons of dry mustard powder mixed with an identical amount of water, one egg yolk and two tablespoons of sugar.

For dry hair, you can add one tablespoon of vegetable oil or fatty yogurt to the mask; colorless henna with a pinch of cinnamon; a mixture of one glass of kefir, two teaspoons of vegetable oil, two yolks and a quarter teaspoon of dry ground ginger root.

All masks that have spices in their composition, in varying degrees, but cause a burning sensation. This effect is typical for formulations with red pepper and dry ginger. The irritating sensation of heat from mustard masks is directly proportional to the amount of sugar added to them (the more sugar, the higher the pungency). For this reason, these products should be selected, focusing on individual tolerance, they should be applied exclusively to the hair roots.

All of the above methods are aimed at treating alopecia areata in women at home.

Is it possible to completely cure alopecia areata in women

It is quite difficult to completely get rid of alopecia areata in women. The etiology of the disease is very important. For example, temporary hair loss due to beriberi or a fungal infection is completely cured in a short time. In the presence of a hereditary form of alopecia or baldness, which is caused by stress, it is very difficult to overcome the disease, even using drugs.

In general, alopecia areata does not affect a woman's ability to work, the psychological factor plays an important role. Many people, due to the disease, lead a closed lifestyle, which puts even more psychological pressure on a person and leads to an aggravation of the pathology.

In order to avoid such problems, it is necessary to carry out the prevention of alopecia areata.

Prevention of alopecia areata in women

If you notice excessive hair loss, make an appointment with a trichologist and find out the cause. The best prevention of alopecia is to eliminate the cause of hair loss, especially when it comes to the appearance of signs of internal diseases. Stress can lead to alopecia, so timely consultations with a psychologist, when necessary, as well as taking sedatives are very important.

Refusal of low-quality shampoos and balms, which contain aggressive chemical elements that contribute to hair loss, can also be considered the prevention of alopecia areata. A very good preventive measure is weekly rubbing castor or burdock oil into the scalp immediately before washing it.

If there is a problem of hair loss, it is not recommended to do styling with a hairdryer, curling iron, hot tongs, you should not use curlers that weaken the hair follicles. Sharp changes in temperature that occur when leaving the room on the street without a hat negatively affect the hair. A significant role in the prevention of alopecia areata in women is played by proper nutrition on a regular basis, thanks to which the follicles are provided with all the necessary vitamins and microelements.

To prevent increased alopecia, B vitamins should be consumed at regular intervals, as well as mineral complexes that contain iron, zinc, calcium, it is not recommended to use hot styling products, use a comb with rounded teeth.

A good prevention of focal alopecia is a regular massage of the scalp, which enhances blood microcirculation, as well as periodic courses of special therapeutic strengthening shampoos.

Measures to prevent alopecia areata in women should be taken during pregnancy and (with a genetic predisposition) during adolescence.

For workers in the chemical industry and other hazardous industries, the prevention of alopecia is very important, since there is a possibility of damage to the scalp with the formation of scar tissue, because the follicles can no longer work in this place.

How do preventive measures against baldness work? Prevention of hair loss is based on strengthening the hair follicles that are capable of producing healthy hair, as well as preventing damage to the scalp from the outside.

One of the main measures to prevent alopecia areata in women is the general improvement of the body, because the well-established work of the digestive system helps to supply the hair roots with vitamins and minerals, the psychological stability of a woman ensures the normal functioning of the nerve endings that are adjacent to the hair follicles, and the health of the cardiovascular system determines energetic microcirculation of blood in the scalp.

Hair loss tends to increase in the spring, when the scalp is too tired from heavy and tight hats, and the body suffers from a lack of vitamins and minerals. In addition, a weakened immune system exacerbates most of the internal pathologies that can provoke the development of alopecia areata in women.

For this reason, with the advent of spring, it is recommended to take care of your hair and scalp as much as possible, not to do traumatic perms, dyeing, regular hot styling, eat well and use multivitamin complexes.

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