Dimedrol ointment. Side effects and contraindications. Allergy ointment with Diphenhydramine - the recipe is known

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Each drug has specific indications for use. Often drugs are used by patients without medical participation. Often, such cases end in complications and the addition of additional unpleasant symptoms. That is why it is so important to consult a doctor for therapy and receive individual recommendations.

Today's article will introduce you to a drug called Diphenhydramine. From what it helps and in what situations it is necessary to use it, find out further. It is also worth mentioning the compatibility of this medication with other drugs.

Description of the drug: release form, cost and composition

The drug "Dimedrol" is produced in various forms. In the pharmacy you can buy tablets and injections. Either version of the drug is sold only on prescription. To buy a drug, you must have a prescription signed and stamped by a doctor. The drug "Dimedrol" price is quite affordable. Tablets of 10 pieces cost about 20 rubles. A pack of injections can be purchased for 30 rubles.

The drug contains the active ingredient diphenhydramine. One ampoule for injection contains 1 milliliter of solution, which contains 0.01 grams of the main component. The tablet contains 0.05 grams of this substance. So, you already know in what form and composition Dimedrol is produced. Its price has also become known. Remember that before using the drug, you must definitely study the instructions.

"Dimedrol": indications prescribed in the instructions

If you read the annotation, you can find out that the drug has an antihistamine, sedative and hypnotic effect. The last two qualities are often considered side effects from the application. But doctors use them by prescribing the drug for certain pathologies. The instructions prescribe the following indications for the use of the drug:

• allergies of various origins (hay fever, urticaria, allergic dermatoses, Quincke's edema);
• serum sickness;
• ulcer of the stomach and intestines;
• vomiting caused by seasickness or toxemia of pregnant women;
• Meniere's syndrome;
• radiation sickness;
• parkinsonism.

Scope of application: what helps the drug?

You already know in what situations the instruction recommends using Dimedrol. What else can this medication help with? If you delve into the medical use of the drug, you can find out that the range of its appointments is quite wide.

"Dimedrol" is used in allergology to eliminate acute reactions that require urgent intervention. The drug is able to relieve different types of allergies: from the common cold and skin rash to severe edema, bronchospasm or laryngospasm. The drug acts on the work of the central nervous system. It is used to eliminate spasm of smooth muscles. The drug is prescribed for increased capillary permeability. Due to its sedative effect, "Dimedrol" is used for increased excitability. The drug is used to treat bronchial asthma and similar respiratory diseases. With its help, white fever is easily eliminated. Very often, the drug "Dimedrol" is combined with other drugs. Consider in more detail the use of an antihistamine medication.

Allergy treatment

If you ask someone: “What does Diphenhydramine help with?”, The most likely answer will be: from allergies. Indeed, initially this medication was valued for its antihistamine abilities. The drug is able to eliminate even a strong allergic reaction. It is used for intolerance to certain foods (food allergies). Assign "Dimedrol" when there was an unexpected reaction to some drug. Often it is so strong that a person changes in a matter of seconds: swelling appears, the face turns red, breathing and speech become difficult. The use of "Dimedrol" in such situations is reasonable and expedient. The drug blocks histamine receptors, reduces the severity of the inflammatory process, eliminates swelling. The maximum effect occurs in a few minutes and lasts for 12 hours.

The dosage of the drug is always set individually. For adult patients, a single serving is from 1 to 5 milliliters of the solution. In chronic allergies, it is recommended to use the minimum dose. An acute reaction requires the introduction of the maximum amount of the drug. Tablets are prescribed by doctors in the amount of ½-1 pill. The frequency of use is 1-3 times a day. The duration of admission should not exceed two weeks.

white fever

Very often in medicine, a combination of "Analgin" and "Dimedrol" is used. From temperature, such a remedy is considered the most effective. Also, an antispasmodic is necessarily added to this composition. Despite the fact that "Dimedrol" has a relaxing effect on smooth muscles, this is not enough. The action is due to its components:

• "Analgin" reduces body temperature, has an analgesic effect;
• "Dimedrol" eliminates the possibility of allergies, soothes and relaxes;
• "No-Shpa" or any other antispasmodic affect the muscles and blood vessels, normalizing their work, relieving stress.

The drugs "Analgin" and "Dimedrol" from the temperature are necessary when other antipyretics are powerless. In such situations, a person often gets cold limbs: arms and legs. Less commonly, chills may occur. The thermometer level crosses the borders of 38-39 degrees, while continuing to grow, despite the use of antipyretic drugs. How to make an injection "Dimedrol" with "Analgin"? The dosage of each medication is determined by the age of the patient.

• For adults, no more than 100 milligrams of Dimedrol and one gram of Analgin are administered per injection.
• The preparations "Analgin", "Dimedrol" are prescribed to the child in accordance with age. The daily amount of drugs is calculated according to the formula 10 mg "Analgin" + 0.41 mg "Dimedrol" per kilogram of body weight.

Pay attention to restrictions

Like any medication, the drug "Dimedrol" has its own contraindications. It is not used if there is an allergy to the main active substance. It is forbidden to use the medicine for epilepsy, prostate adenoma, angle-closure glaucoma. If there is a suspicion of stenosis of the bladder neck or digestive tract, then it is imperative to conduct an examination before using the medication. When prescribing the drug, the doctor may give individual recommendations, in connection with which it will be necessary to replace the medicine with an alternative one. Do not use "Dimedrol" on your own. Due to the fact that the drug is not sold without a prescription, you most likely will not succeed. Those outlets, online pharmacies and underground bases that offer this medicine for free sale are all engaged in illegal activities and can sell you a fake.

"Dimedrol" and alcohol

Quite often you can hear about the use of this medication with alcoholic beverages. Thus, the consumer is trying to achieve hallucinations, relax, enter into euphoria. It should be said right away that all this is not only dangerous for health. Such experiments can be fatal. That is why, recently, "Dimedrol" has become sold exclusively by prescription.

If you use "Dimedrol" for allergies, then for the duration of treatment you need to give up any alcohol, even beer. The combination of chemicals in one organism entails negative consequences from the digestive tract. Irritation of the gastric walls can result in gastritis or an ulcer. The drug, together with ethanol, adversely affects the liver, intestinal function. With this combination, a person develops lethargy, drowsiness, blood pressure decreases, shortness of breath and tachycardia appear. There is a high probability of intoxication and the use of four tablets of the drug entails death!

"Dimedrol" with other drugs

As it has already become known, the drug is often used with Analgin. It is also combined with other antipyretics: Paracetamol, Ibuprofen. But this combination is rarely used. Well "Dimedrol" is combined with antispasmodics: "No-Shpoy", "Drotaverine", "Papaverine" and so on. It is permissible to use an antihistamine with sorbents, antiviral, anti-inflammatory compounds and antibiotics. The following types of combinations are considered separately.

1. The drug enhances the effectiveness of drugs that affect the functioning of the central nervous system.
2. Medications that inhibit monoamine oxidase can enhance the clouding and sedative effect of the drug.
3. The use of psychostimulants causes antagonistic interaction.
4. "Dimedrol" reduces the effect of drugs used in case of poisoning to get vomiting.

If you use any cardiac drugs, hypnotics, tranquilizers, narcotic drugs, then the possibility of a combination with Diphenhydramine should be considered individually.

Side effects

The medicine "Diphenhydramine", no matter what you take it for, can cause adverse reactions. In the event of such, it is necessary to stop using the medication and consult a doctor immediately. Among the negative effects of the drug are the following:

• drowsiness, dizziness, weakness, clouding of consciousness, fainting;
• tremor, euphoria, convulsions, insomnia, mental agitation;
• increased viscosity of bronchial mucus, respiratory failure, dry mouth;
• thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia;
• decrease in pressure, decrease in urination;
• skin itching, rash, swelling.

Summarize

From the article you were able to learn about the features of the use of the drug "Dimedrol". As it turned out, it is often used in medicine. But for the appointment, the patient must have certain indications. Do not self-medicate. Seek medical attention for qualified assistance. Good luck!

Adults and children are increasingly experiencing allergic reactions. This is due to the fact that the environment is becoming more and more polluted with waste and harmful substances every day, and there are a lot of dyes and preservatives in food. They are alien to our body, and at any time can cause allergic dermatitis. In addition, people with a hereditary predisposition and weak immunity are prone to allergies.

Local treatment

Treatment of allergic dermatitis is prescribed by a doctor, depending on its type and degree of prevalence. In addition to the main treatment, local preparations are always prescribed. They are divided into the following types:

• Cream - light consistency allows the active substance to quickly penetrate the skin. It is perfectly applied to the skin, but after drying it can cause dryness and flaking.
• An ointment is thicker and more oily than a cream. It is used in cases where severe peeling occurs. Soothes the skin, nourishing it, but the active substance is absorbed more slowly.
• Lotion, gel and shampoo - used to treat dermatitis on the head.

Hormonal or not? Which one to choose?

Hormonal and non-hormonal drugs are very different from each other. And not only composition. By action, hormonal creams and ointments are more effective. But judging by the effect on the body, they are harmful to some people and children.

Preparations containing corticosteroid hormones are dangerous because they depress the adrenal glands during their long-term use.

Therefore, they are undesirable in the treatment of children. But, under the supervision of a doctor, their treatment is justified.

Benefits of treatment with corticosteroids:

• Eliminate inflammation.
• Moisturize the skin, relieve dryness and flaking.
• Prevent recurrence.

Non-hormonal creams and ointments are used to treat children from the first months of life, or in mild cases when a short course of treatment is needed. They have their downside. Their natural ingredients can cause allergies or intolerances.

They can be:

• Drying - for example, Zinc ointment, or its analogue - Cynovit, are used against rashes accompanied by a rash in the form of bubbles with liquid.
• Moisturizers - prescribed for increased dryness and flaking.
• Relieving itching. They contain antihistamines in their composition, which fight an allergic reaction at the site of its occurrence.

Hormonal ointments and creams

Only a doctor should prescribe a course of their use. With prolonged use, they can be addictive and lack the effect of treatment. With a sharp cancellation, they provoke the reappearance of dermatitis.

• Drugs with high absorbability and high content of corticosteroids. These include: Lorinden, Fluorocort, Flucinar, hydrocortisone ointment, Celestoderm. They are recommended for use in adults, against severe manifestations of dermatitis.
• Means of a new generation, with an increased effect of local action, and reduced absorption. Elocom and Advantan - these drugs are prescribed for children from 2 years of age. They perfectly relieve itching and redness, you can smear them only once a day, they are not recommended for use for more than a week.

Non-hormonal agents

Non-hormonal ointments and creams are not as effective, but are safer to use. They are based on natural ingredients.

• Zinc ointment - refers to drying agents, in addition, it relieves inflammation and has an antiseptic effect. Perfectly copes with the manifestations of allergic dermatitis in children and adults.
• Cynovit cream is one of the effective creams for dermatitis, an analogue of zinc ointment. It contains zinc pyrithione, as well as the active substance from licorice root - dipotassium glycyrrhizinate. Cynovit has an anti-inflammatory and healing effect. Vegetable oils in the cream help to cope with dryness and itching.


• Fenistil is basically a drug that has an anesthetic and antipruritic effect. It can be prescribed to children from the first months of life, especially for the prevention of scratching. It is recommended to smear this cream only at home, so that after application the treated area does not come into contact with the sun.
• Bepanten cream - heals the dermis, is not limited in use, accelerates the regeneration process. It can be used in children from the first days of life, as well as in nursing mothers. You need to smear it only on inflamed areas. In addition, it works great against scratching and flaking.
• Gistan is an antipruritic and drying drug, consisting of natural ingredients. It contains herbs of succession, lupine, milkweed, violets, veronica, as well as lily of the valley oil.

Summing up

Creams and ointments for allergic dermatitis are used only in complex treatment.

In addition to them, the doctor may prescribe antihistamines and anti-inflammatory drugs. Means for external use are divided into hormonal and non-hormonal. They are prescribed depending on age, type of allergic dermatitis and its severity.

lechimsmelo.ru

Dimedrol (Dimedrolum) is a domestic anti-allergic agent that has been used in medical practice for more than fifty years. The drug belongs to the first

generation of antihistamines, and, despite the abundance of modern drugs, still finds its application.

Now Diphenhydramine is used more often in inpatient treatment (im) for the relief of allergic reactions, as well as in the composition of the "triad" (analgin 2ml-50%, papaverine hydrochloride 2ml-2%, diphenhydramine 1ml-1% - they are taken into one syringe, injected in / m, slowly), indications for the appointment of which is pain, fever. Diphenhydramine tablets are prescribed quite rarely due to side effects and lack of effectiveness.

Release form of the drug: tablets, powder (0.02; 0.05 g), ampoules with a 1% solution, syringe tubes, suppositories (for children), gel for external use.

How does Diphenhydramine work?

It has antiallergic, antihistamine, hypnotic, antiemetic effect. By blocking histamine receptors (H1), it prevents the development of allergic reactions, spasms of smooth muscles, reduces vascular permeability, eliminates tissue swelling, hyperemia, and itching. It has an antispasmodic, local anesthetic effect, slightly lowers blood pressure. Causes a hypnotic (sedative) effect.

The maximum concentration after the use of Dimedrol inside - after 1-3 hours. Metabolism occurs in the liver cells. Penetrates into the brain tissue, placenta, excreted in breast milk. Duration of therapeutic action - 4-6 hours.

Indications for use

• Vasomotor rhinitis, hay fever, allergic conjunctivitis, acute iridocyclitis;
• Food allergies, itchy dermatoses, urticaria, angioedema (Quincke's edema);
• Serum sickness, capillary toxicosis;
• Complex therapy of bronchial asthma, anaphylactic shock, radiation sickness;
• "Premedication" before surgical treatment;
• With sleep disorders, parkinsonism, chorea, seasickness, Meniere's syndrome.

How is Dimedrol prescribed?

The method of application, according to the annotation, will depend on the age of the patient. Adults appoint Dimedrol inside 1-3 times a day, 30-50 mg, the duration of admission is 10-15 days. The maximum daily dosage is 250 mg, a single dose is 100 mg. In case of sleep disturbance - 50 mg 30 minutes before bedtime. When motion sickness give 25-50 mg with an interval of 4-6 hours.

Children 2-6 years old are given 12.5-25 mg (maximum 75 mg / day), children 6-12 years old - 25-50 mg with an interval of 6-8 hours (maximum 150 mg / day). Intramuscularly appoint 50-250 mg, the daily maximum dosage is 150 mg, a single dosage is 50 mg. Diphenhydramine gel is applied to the affected skin several times a day.

Side effects and contraindications

Patients may be disturbed by general weakness, decreased attention, drowsiness, impaired coordination, headache, excitability, tinnitus, lowering blood pressure, tachycardia, anemia. There may also be nausea, dry mouth, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, allergic reactions.

Diphenhydramine is contraindicated:

• With intolerance to the drug;
• When breastfeeding, pregnancy;
• Ulcer of the stomach and duodenum;
• Angle-closure glaucoma;
• prostatic hypertrophy;
• Bronchial asthma;
• Stenosis of the neck of the bladder;
• Do not prescribe Diphenhydramine for children under 2 years of age;
• During treatment, do not drink alcohol, refrain from driving vehicles.

Overdose symptoms

Difficulty breathing, dry mouth, flushing of the face, excitation or depression of the central nervous system may occur, and convulsions may develop in children. It is necessary to induce vomiting, wash the stomach, prescribe enterosorbents (for example, activated carbon, Enterosgel, Polysorb, Laktofiltrum). Symptomatic treatment is recommended.

Is it possible to prescribe Diphenhydramine during pregnancy, lactation?

During pregnancy, breastfeeding Diphenhydramine is not used. The risk of complications for the fetus and newborn is high. New generation antiallergic drugs have fewer side effects, but they can only be taken after consulting a doctor.

Are there analogues of Dimedrol?

Tavegil, Suprastin, Pipolfen, also used to stop allergic reactions, have similar pharmacological properties. The cost of analogues is much higher than the price of Dimedrol, but there are fewer side effects when using them.

Antiallergic drugs of the second and third generation: Zirtek, Erius, Cetrin, Claritin, Loratadin, are distinguished by better tolerance, duration of action, do not cause drowsiness. Their price is higher than the cost of Dimedrol.

Synonyms

Diphenhydramine, Benadryl, Allergan B, Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride, Allergival, Diphenhydramine, Restamin, Diabenil.

How to store Dimedrol?

List B. Storage in a dark, dry place. Do not use after the expiration date. The storage period is 5 years.

The price of the drug

You can buy Diphenhydramine by prescription (List B). The average cost of a medicine in a pharmacy chain:

• Dimedrol, 10 tab. 50 mg each (packing) - 4 - 7 rubles;
• Dimedrol, ampoules No. 10, 1% -1 ml (packing) - 20 - 24 rubles.

Home — Preparations

neboleem-net.ru

Antihistamines are substances that inhibit the action of free histamine. When an allergen enters the body, histamine is released from the mast cells of the connective tissue that are part of the body's immune system. It begins to interact with specific receptors and cause itching, swelling, rashes and other allergic manifestations. Antihistamines are responsible for blocking these receptors. There are three generations of these drugs.

• 3rd generation antihistamines

1st generation antihistamines

They appeared in 1936 and continue to be used. These drugs reversibly bind to H1 receptors, which explains the need for a large dosage and high frequency of administration.

Antihistamines of the 1st generation are characterized by the following pharmacological properties:

reduce muscle tone;

have a sedative, hypnotic and anticholinergic effect;

potentiate the effects of alcohol;

have a local anesthetic effect;

give a quick and strong, but short-term (4-8 hours) therapeutic effect;

long-term use reduces antihistamine activity, so every 2-3 weeks the funds are changed.

The bulk of 1st generation antihistamines are fat-soluble, can overcome the blood-brain barrier and bind to the H1 receptors of the brain, which explains the sedative effect of these drugs, which is enhanced after taking alcohol or psychotropic drugs. When taking medium therapeutic doses in children and high toxic doses in adults, psychomotor agitation may be observed. Due to the presence of a sedative effect, 1st generation antihistamines are not prescribed to persons whose activities require increased attention.

The anticholinergic properties of these drugs cause atropine-like reactions, such as tachycardia, dryness of the nasopharynx and mouth, urinary retention, constipation, visual impairment. These features can be beneficial in rhinitis, but they can increase airway obstruction caused by bronchial asthma (sputum viscosity increases), exacerbate prostate adenoma, glaucoma and other diseases. At the same time, these drugs have an antiemetic and anti-swaying effect, reduce the manifestation of parkinsonism.

A number of these antihistamines are included in combination products that are used for migraines, colds, motion sickness, or have a sedative or hypnotic effect.

An extensive list of side effects from taking these antihistamines makes them less likely to be used in the treatment of allergic diseases. Many developed countries have banned their implementation.

Diphenhydramine is prescribed for hay fever, urticaria, sea sickness, air sickness, vasomotor rhinitis, bronchial asthma, allergic reactions caused by the administration of medicinal substances (for example, antibiotics), in the treatment of peptic ulcer, dermatoses, etc.

Advantages: high antihistamine activity, reduced severity of allergic, pseudo-allergic reactions. Diphenhydramine has antiemetic and antitussive effects, has a local anesthetic effect, due to which it is an alternative to Novocaine and Lidocaine in case of their intolerance.

Cons: unpredictability of the consequences of taking the drug, its effects on the central nervous system. It can cause urinary retention and dry mucous membranes. Side effects include sedative and hypnotic effects.

Diazolin

Diazolin has the same indications for use as other antihistamines, but differs from them in the features of the effect.

Advantages: a mild sedative effect allows it to be used where it is undesirable to have a depressing effect on the central nervous system.

Cons: irritates the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract, causes dizziness, impaired urination, drowsiness, slows down mental and motor reactions. There is information about the toxic effect of the drug on nerve cells.

Suprastin

Suprastin is prescribed for the treatment of seasonal and chronic allergic conjunctivitis, urticaria, atopic dermatitis, Quincke's edema, itching of various etiologies, eczema. It is used in parenteral form for acute allergic conditions requiring emergency care.

Advantages: it does not accumulate in the blood serum, therefore, even with prolonged use it does not cause an overdose. Due to the high antihistamine activity, a rapid therapeutic effect is observed.

Cons: side effects - drowsiness, dizziness, inhibition of reactions, etc. - are present, although they are less pronounced. The therapeutic effect is short-term, in order to prolong it, Suprastin is combined with H1-blockers that do not have sedative properties.

Tavegil in the form of injections is used for angioedema, as well as anaphylactic shock, as a prophylactic and therapeutic agent for allergic and pseudo-allergic reactions.

Advantages: It has a longer and stronger antihistamine effect than Diphenhydramine, and has a more moderate sedative effect.

Cons: can itself cause an allergic reaction, has some inhibitory effect.

Fenkarol

Fenkarol is prescribed when addiction to other antihistamines appears.

Advantages: it has a weak sedative effect, does not have a pronounced inhibitory effect on the central nervous system, has low toxicity, blocks H1 receptors, and is able to reduce the content of histamine in tissues.

Cons: less antihistamine activity in comparison with Diphenhydramine. Fenkarol is used with caution in the presence of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular system and liver.

2nd generation antihistamines

They have advantages over first generation drugs:

there is no sedative and anticholinergic effect, since these drugs do not cross the blood-brain barrier, only some individuals experience moderate drowsiness;

mental activity, physical activity do not suffer;

the effect of the drugs reaches 24 hours, so they are taken once a day;

they are not addictive, which allows them to be prescribed for a long time (3-12 months);

when you stop taking the drugs, the therapeutic effect lasts about a week;

drugs are not adsorbed with food in the gastrointestinal tract.

But antihistamines of the 2nd generation have a cardiotoxic effect of varying degrees, therefore, when they are taken, cardiac activity is monitored. They are contraindicated in elderly patients and patients suffering from disorders of the cardiovascular system.

The occurrence of cardiotoxic action is explained by the ability of 2nd generation antihistamines to block the potassium channels of the heart. The risk is increased when these drugs are combined with antifungal drugs, macrolides, antidepressants, grapefruit juice, and if the patient has severe liver dysfunction.

Claridol and Clarisens

Claridol is used to treat seasonal as well as cyclic allergic rhinitis, urticaria, allergic conjunctivitis, Quincke's edema and a number of other diseases of allergic origin. It copes with pseudo-allergic syndromes and allergies to insect bites. Included in the complex measures for the treatment of itchy dermatoses.

Benefits: Claridol has antipruritic, antiallergic, antiexudative effects. The drug reduces capillary permeability, prevents the development of edema, relieves spasm of smooth muscles. It does not affect the central nervous system, has no anticholinergic and sedative effect.

Cons: occasionally after taking Claridol, patients complain of dry mouth, nausea and vomiting.

Clarotadine

Clarotadine contains the active substance loratadine, which is a selective blocker of H1-histamine receptors, on which it has a direct effect, avoiding the undesirable effects inherent in other antihistamines. Indications for use are allergic conjunctivitis, acute chronic and idiopathic urticaria, rhinitis, pseudo-allergic reactions associated with the release of histamine, allergic insect bites, itchy dermatoses.

Advantages: the drug does not have a sedative effect, is not addictive, acts quickly and for a long time.

Cons: undesirable consequences of taking Clarodin include disorders of the nervous system: asthenia, anxiety, drowsiness, depression, amnesia, tremor, agitation in a child. Dermatitis may appear on the skin. Frequent and painful urination, constipation and diarrhea. Weight gain due to disruption of the endocrine system. The defeat of the respiratory system can be manifested by cough, bronchospasm, sinusitis and similar manifestations.

Lomilan is indicated for allergic rhinitis (rhinitis) of a seasonal and permanent nature, skin rashes of allergic origin, pseudo-allergies, reactions to insect bites, allergic inflammation of the mucous membrane of the eyeball.

Benefits: Lomilan is able to relieve itching, reduce the tone of smooth muscles and the production of exudate (a special fluid that appears during the inflammatory process), prevent tissue edema already half an hour after taking the drug. The greatest efficiency comes in 8-12 hours, then subsides. Lomilan is not addictive and does not adversely affect the activity of the nervous system.

Cons: adverse reactions are rare, manifested by headache, fatigue and drowsiness, inflammation of the gastric mucosa, nausea.

LauraGeksal

Advantages: the drug has neither anticholinergic nor central action, its intake does not affect the attention, psychomotor functions, working capacity and mental qualities of the patient.

Cons: LoraGeksal is usually well tolerated, but occasionally it causes fatigue, dry mouth, headache, tachycardia, dizziness, allergic reactions, cough, vomiting, gastritis, liver dysfunction.

Claritin

Claritin contains an active ingredient - loratadine, which blocks H1-histamine receptors and prevents the release of histamine, bradycanin and serotonin. Antihistamine effectiveness lasts a day, and therapeutic comes after 8-12 hours. Claritin is indicated for the treatment of allergic rhinitis, allergic skin reactions, food allergies, and mild asthma.

Advantages: high efficiency in the treatment of allergic diseases, the drug is not addictive, drowsiness.

Cons: cases of side effects are rare, they are manifested by nausea, headache, gastritis, agitation, allergic reactions, drowsiness.

Rupafin

Rupafin has a unique active ingredient - rupatadine, which is distinguished by antihistamine activity and a selective effect on H1-histamine peripheral receptors. It is prescribed for chronic idiopathic urticaria and allergic rhinitis.

Advantages: Rupafin effectively copes with the symptoms of the allergic diseases listed above and does not affect the functioning of the central nervous system.

Cons: undesirable consequences of taking the drug - asthenia, dizziness, fatigue, headache, drowsiness, dry mouth. It can affect the respiratory, nervous, musculoskeletal, and digestive systems, as well as metabolism and skin.

Zyrtec

Zyrtec is a competitive antagonist of the hydroxyzine metabolite, histamine. The drug facilitates the course and sometimes prevents the development of allergic reactions. Zyrtec limits the release of mediators, reduces the migration of eosinophils, basophils, neutrophils. The drug is used for allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma, urticaria, conjunctivitis, dermatitis, fever, pruritus, angioedema.

Benefits: effectively prevents the occurrence of edema, reduces capillary permeability, relieves smooth muscle spasm. Zyrtec does not have anticholinergic and antiserotonin effects.

Cons: improper use of the drug can lead to dizziness, migraine, drowsiness, allergic reactions.

Kestin blocks histamine receptors that increase vascular permeability, causing muscle spasms, leading to an allergic reaction. It is used to treat allergic conjunctivitis, rhinitis and chronic idiopathic urticaria.

Advantages: the drug acts an hour after application, the therapeutic effect lasts for 2 days. A five-day intake of Kestin allows you to maintain an antihistamine effect for about 6 days. Sedative effects are practically non-existent.

Cons: the use of Kestin can cause insomnia, abdominal pain, nausea, drowsiness, asthenia, headache, sinusitis, dry mouth.

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New antihistamines, 3rd generation

These substances are prodrugs, which means that when they enter the body, they are converted from their original form into pharmacologically active metabolites.

All 3rd generation antihistamines do not have a cardiotoxic and sedative effect, so they can be used by people whose activities are associated with a high concentration of attention.

These drugs block H1 receptors, and also have an additional effect on allergic manifestations. They have high selectivity, do not overcome the blood-brain barrier, so they are not characterized by negative consequences from the central nervous system, there is no side effect on the heart.

The presence of additional effects contributes to the use of 3rd generation antihistamines in the long-term treatment of most allergic manifestations.

Gismanal is prescribed as a therapeutic and prophylactic agent for hay fever, allergic skin reactions, including urticaria, and allergic rhinitis. The effect of the drug develops within 24 hours and reaches a maximum after 9-12 days. Its duration depends on the previous therapy.

Advantages: the drug has practically no sedative effect, does not enhance the effect of taking sleeping pills or alcohol. It also does not affect the ability to drive a car or mental activity.

Cons: Gismanal can cause increased appetite, dry mucous membranes, tachycardia, drowsiness, arrhythmia, QT prolongation, palpitations, collapse.

Trexil is a fast-acting, selectively active H1 receptor antagonist derived from buterophenol, which differs in chemical structure from analogues. It is used in allergic rhinitis to relieve its symptoms, allergic dermatological manifestations (dermographism, contact dermatitis, urticaria, atonic eczema,), asthma, atonic and provoked by exercise, as well as in connection with acute allergic reactions to various irritants.

Advantages: no sedative and anticholinergic effect, no effect on psychomotor activity and well-being of a person. The drug is safe to use in patients with glaucoma and prostate disorders.

Telfast is a highly effective antihistamine drug, which is a metabolite of terfenadine, therefore, it has a great similarity with histamine H1 receptors. Telfast binds to them and blocks them, preventing their biological manifestations as allergic symptoms. Mast cell membranes are stabilized and the release of histamine from them is reduced. Indications for use are angioedema, urticaria, hay fever.

Advantages: does not show sedative properties, does not affect the speed of reactions and concentration of attention, heart function, is not addictive, highly effective against the symptoms and causes of allergic diseases.

Cons: rare consequences of taking the drug are headache, nausea, dizziness, very rarely there is shortness of breath, anaphylactic reaction, skin flushing.

The drug is used to treat seasonal allergic rhinitis with the following manifestations of hay fever: skin itching, sneezing, rhinitis, redness of the mucous membrane of the eyes, as well as for the treatment of chronic idiopathic urticaria and its symptoms: skin itching, redness.

Advantages- when taking the drug, side effects characteristic of antihistamines do not appear: visual impairment, constipation, dryness of the oral mucosa, weight gain, a negative effect on the functioning of the heart muscle. The drug can be purchased at a pharmacy without a prescription, no dose adjustment is required for the elderly, patients and renal and hepatic insufficiency. The drug acts quickly, maintaining its effect during the day. The price of the drug is not too high, it is available to many people suffering from allergies.

Flaws- after some time, addiction to the action of the drug is possible, it has side effects: dyspepsia, dysmenorrhea, tachycardia, headache and dizziness, anaphylactic reactions, taste perversion. Dependence on the drug may form.

The drug is prescribed for the appearance of seasonal allergic rhinitis, as well as for chronic urticaria.

Advantages- the drug is rapidly absorbed, reaching the desired one within an hour after ingestion, this action continues throughout the day. Its reception does not require restrictions for people operating complex mechanisms, driving vehicles, and does not cause a sedative effect. Fexofast is available without a prescription, has an affordable price, and is highly effective.

Flaws- for some patients, the drug brings only temporary relief, without bringing a complete recovery from the manifestations of allergies. It has side effects: swelling, increased drowsiness, nervousness, insomnia, headache, weakness, increased allergy symptoms in the form of itching, skin rash.

The drug is prescribed for the symptomatic treatment of hay fever (hay fever), urticaria, allergic rhinitis and allergic conjunctivitis with itching, lacrimation, conjunctival hyperemia, dermatosis with rash and rashes, angioedema.

Advantages– Levocitirizine-Teva quickly shows its effectiveness (after 12-60 minutes) and during the day it prevents the appearance and weakens the course of allergic reactions. The drug is rapidly absorbed, showing 100% bioavailability. It can be used for long-term treatment and for emergency help with seasonal exacerbations of allergies. Available for the treatment of children from 6 years.

Flaws- has side effects such as drowsiness, irritability, nausea, headache, weight gain, tachycardia, abdominal pain, Quincke's edema, migraine. The price of the medicine is quite high.

The drug is used for the symptomatic treatment of such manifestations of pollinosis and urticaria as skin itching, sneezing, inflammation of the conjunctiva, rhinorrhea, Quincke's edema, allergic dermatoses.

Advantages– Ksizal has a pronounced anti-allergic orientation, being a very effective remedy. It prevents the onset of allergy symptoms, facilitates their course, and has no sedative effect. The drug acts very quickly, maintaining its effect for a day from the moment of administration. Ksizal can be used to treat children from 2 years of age, it is available in two dosage forms (tablets, drops) that are acceptable for use in pediatrics. It eliminates nasal congestion, the symptoms of chronic allergies are quickly stopped, it does not have a toxic effect on the heart and central nervous system.

Flaws- it is not recommended to drive vehicles during treatment with Xyzal due to a pronounced sedative effect. The remedy may exhibit the following side effects: dry mouth, fatigue, abdominal pain, pruritus, hallucinations, shortness of breath, hepatitis, convulsions, muscle pain.

The drug is indicated for the treatment of seasonal hay fever, allergic rhinitis, chronic idiopathic urticaria with symptoms such as lacrimation, cough, itching, swelling of the nasopharyngeal mucosa.

Advantages- Erius acts exceptionally quickly on allergy symptoms, can be used to treat children from one year old, as it has a high degree of safety. Well tolerated by both adults and children, it is available in several dosage forms (tablets, syrup), which is very convenient for use in pediatrics. It can be taken for a long time period (up to a year) without causing addiction (resistance to it). Reliably stops the manifestations of the initial phase of the allergic response. After a course of treatment, the effect of it persists for 10-14 days. Overdose symptoms were not observed even with a fivefold increase in the dose of Erius.

Flaws- side effects may occur (nausea and vomiting, headache, tachycardia, local allergic symptoms, diarrhea, hyperthermia). Children usually have insomnia, headache, fever.

The drug is intended for the treatment of allergic manifestations such as allergic rhinitis, and urticaria, marked by itching and skin rashes. The drug stops such symptoms of allergic rhinitis as sneezing, itching in the nose and in the sky, watery eyes.

Advantages– Desal prevents the appearance of edema, muscle spasm, reduces capillary permeability. The effect of taking the drug can be seen after 20 minutes, it lasts for a day. A single dose of the medicine is very convenient, two forms of its release are syrup and tablets, the intake of which does not depend on food. Since Desal is taken to treat children from 12 months of age, the syrup form of the drug is in demand. The drug is so safe that even a 9-fold excess of the dose does not lead to negative symptoms.

Flaws- occasionally, symptoms of side effects such as increased fatigue, headache, dryness of the oral mucosa may occur. Additionally, side effects such as insomnia, tachycardia, the appearance of hallucinations, diarrhea, and hyperactivity are manifested. Allergic manifestations of side effects are possible: itching, urticaria, angioedema.

4th generation antihistamines - do they exist?

All claims by advertisers positioning drug brands as “fourth-generation antihistamines” are nothing more than a publicity stunt. This pharmacological group does not exist, although marketers include not only newly created drugs, but also second-generation drugs.

The official classification indicates only two groups of antihistamines - these are first and second generation drugs. The third group of pharmacologically active metabolites is positioned in pharmaceuticals as "H 1 histamine blockers of the third generation."

For the treatment of allergic manifestations in children, antihistamines of all three generations are used.

Antihistamines of the 1st generation are distinguished by the fact that they quickly show their healing properties and are excreted from the body. They are in demand for the treatment of acute manifestations of allergic reactions. They are prescribed in short courses. The most effective of this group is Tavegil, Suprastin, Diazolin, Fenkarol.

A significant percentage of side effects leads to a reduction in the use of these drugs for childhood allergies.

Antihistamines of the 2nd generation do not cause sedation, act for a longer time and are usually used once a day. Few side effects. Among the drugs in this group, Ketotifen, Fenistil, Cetrin are used to treat manifestations of childhood allergies.

3rd generation antihistamines for children include Gismanal, Terfen and others. They are used in chronic allergic processes, since they are able to stay in the body for a long time. There are no side effects.

Erius can be attributed to newer drugs.

Negative consequences:

1st generation: headache, constipation, tachycardia, drowsiness, dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention and lack of appetite;

2nd generation: negative effect on the heart and liver;

For children, antihistamines are produced in the form of ointments (allergic reactions on the skin), drops, syrups and tablets for oral administration.

Antihistamines during pregnancy

In the first trimester of pregnancy, it is forbidden to take antihistamines. In the second, they are prescribed only in extreme cases, since none of these remedies is absolutely safe.

Natural antihistamines, which include vitamins C, B12, pantothenic, oleic and nicotinic acids, zinc, fish oil, can help get rid of some allergic symptoms.

The safest antihistamines are Claritin, Zirtek, Telfast, Avil, but their use must be agreed with the doctor without fail.

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Description of the drug

This medicine blocks histamine P1 receptors, reduces spasms of smooth muscles that are caused by histamines. The drug "Dimedrol", instructions which is quite simple and clear to every person, has an antispasmodic effect and is successfully used in allergic bronchospasms.

The pharmaceutical preparation has an antispasmodic effect, lowers blood pressure. When taken orally, it is rapidly absorbed. "Dimedrol" can be excreted in breast milk, which has a sedative effect on the baby. The effect of the drug is from 4 to 6 hours, it is excreted from the body during the day.

Release form:

• "Dimedrol" in ampoules 1%.
• Pencils.
• Candles with "Dimedrol" at 0.001, 0.005, 0.02 and 0.015 grams.
• "Dimedrol" in drops.
• The drug is in syringe tubes.
• Gel for external use.
• Tablets of 0.02 and 0.05.
• Sticks with "Dimedrol" 0.05 grams.

Instructions for use "Dimedrol"

The use of "Dimedrol"- a thing of a purely personal nature, and the doctor should prescribe the dosage. The exception is the gel, which should act externally - it must be applied to the patient on the affected areas with a thin layer 2 times a day. Below is how to use the drug "Dimedrol", but in no case should the dosage be exceeded - for an adult it is 250 grams per day. Adults are prescribed from 30 to 50 mg of the pharmaceutical preparation, which must be applied 2 times a day. If the patient suffers from insomnia, it is necessary to consume 50 grams of the pharmaceutical immediately 20 minutes before going to bed. children must be administered with extreme caution:

• If a child is 2-6 years old - 12.5-25 mg during the day, but not more than 75 mg per day.
• 6-10 years - 25-50 mg per day, but not more than 150 mg per day.

"Dimededrol", the dosage for children when using candles is:

• Up to 3 years - 5 mg.
• If a child is 8 to 14 years old - 20 mg.

Analogues

Dimedrol analogues are drugs that have fewer side effects, but their price is much higher. If the patient intends to use drugs that have similar pharmaceutical properties, then these may be:

"Erius".

"Claritin".

"Loratadin".

"Zyrtec".

"Tsetrin".

All of the above drugs are better tolerated by patients, do not have such properties as drowsiness, and have a long-term effect.

Indications for use

"Dimedrol" is prescribed if the patient has urticaria, an allergy to flowering plants, dermatoses (itchy), conjunctivitis caused by allergies, acute iridocyclitis, angioedema, motion sickness and motion sickness. Also, the drug has a sedative effect, so it is prescribed for people with insomnia. "Dimedrol" can be used for ulcers and gastritis. "Dimedrol" - allergy pills, so it is widely used for allergies to flowering plants, dermatosis, conjunctivitis caused by allergies.

Side effects

• Decreased performance, severe fatigue.
• Dizziness and tinnitus.
• Severe irritability, tremor.
• Decreased attention, impaired coordination.
• Euphoria.
• Violation of vision.
• Convulsions, epileptic seizure.
• Tachycardia.
• Low BP.
• thrombocytopenia.
• Nausea.
• Vomit.
• Diarrhea.
• Early menses.
• Difficulty urinating.

The side effects of "Dimedrol" also include allergic reactions, chills and sweating.

Contraindications

• Prostate hypertrophy.
• Stenosing ulcer.
• Pyloroduodenal obstruction.
• Glaucoma.
• Stenosis of the neck of the bladder.

Contraindications "Dimedrol"- this is a serious thing, so you should carefully read the instructions, as well as consult a doctor before use.

Overdose

If the above rules are not followed and the daily doses of the drug are exceeded, an overdose of Dimedrol may occur, and it will entail the following symptoms:

• Severe dryness in the mouth.
• Redness of the skin, especially the face.
• Shortness of breath.
• Confusion of consciousness.
• Seizures.
• Fatal outcome.

In case of an overdose, it is urgent to rinse the stomach, drink activated charcoal and take the patient to the hospital for further treatment.

Application during pregnancy

"Dimedrol" during pregnancy, as well as during breastfeeding is contraindicated, as it can cause complications in the fetus.

Price

The drug "Dimedrol", the price of which ranges from 1.54 rubles to 2392.74 rubles, has different manufacturers, as well as different forms of release.

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Many people face the problem of allergies. Some undergo complex therapy prescribed by a doctor and soon feel completely healthy, others resort to self-medication, which does not always help. Finding the right drug is not easy. Sometimes a talker can replace traditional antihistamines.

Medicinal properties and composition

It contains simple components, for example, glycerin and talc, but the medicine is not inferior in effectiveness to modern medications.

Any allergy medications are selected by a specialist depending on the stage of the disease, its symptoms and characteristics of the body. Some, due to certain factors, are not suitable for every patient. The composition of the talker allows you to prescribe it not only to adult allergy sufferers, but also to children. Moreover, each case is considered unique, and the components of the drug may vary depending on the recommendations of the attending physician.

In addition to water, oil and alcohol, white clay, glycerin, zinc oxide and talc can be added to the mash - all these ingredients have a positive effect on the skin. Such a simple composition quickly fights the first manifestations of the disease.

Consider in the table how the individual components of the drug work.

Sometimes, to relieve severe itching and discomfort, experts advise adding 5 ml of Dimedrol to the mash. This component will relieve unpleasant symptoms and reduce the number of rashes.

Indications

Doctors advise using a talker in the following cases:

These signs are a signal of an allergy in the body. If it cannot be eliminated with traditional medications, you can try talker therapy, effective at any age.

Instructions for use

As a rule, the use of the drug at home does not cause any difficulties in people with allergies. The duration of treatment depends on the characteristics of the body and the patient's well-being. Only a specialist, based on laboratory data, can select and adjust the dosage of the drug, determine the timing of its use.

The drug is applied to the skin 1-2 times a day, in difficult cases - more often. Step-by-step instructions for its use are as follows:

The tool helps to eliminate the external picture of the disease, remove the inflammatory process in the dermis, but it cannot overcome its cause. Therefore, with the help of a talker, they achieve an improvement in this state, but it is realistic to prevent its development mechanism only from the inside.

You can buy the drug at a pharmacy. This does not require a doctor's prescription. The cost in Russia is 30-100 rubles, in Ukraine the price starts from 10 hryvnia. In addition, you can purchase all the necessary ingredients and make the drug at home on your own. There is nothing difficult in this.

How to cook a talker yourself?

For a home-grown drug that is no less effective for allergies, you need to purchase 90% ethyl alcohol, distilled water, white clay in powder, Anestezin medicine and zinc oxide. The last ingredient is sometimes not easy to get, so it is replaced with baby powder - ordinary talc, which does not affect the effectiveness of the future medication - the drying and astringent effect will not get worse.

Everyone can cope with the manufacture of talkers at home. To do this, take 40 ml of alcohol and water and combine them in one container. 1 ml of Anestezin and 30 g of undiluted clay and zinc oxide are added to the resulting solution. The components are thoroughly mixed, the dishes are tightly closed and the mixture is stored in this form between uses.

If it is necessary to enhance the therapeutic effect of the drug, add one more ingredient - Dimedrol, not more than 5 ml. A chatterbox enriched with this remedy starts to work faster and stronger, in a short time removing any reactions of inflammation and irritation on the skin. Edema and itching will disappear quickly due to the stabilization of the lymph flow in the affected tissues.

With allergic rashes, the dermis should not be exposed to changes in ambient temperature. For example, it is important to avoid baths, saunas, hypothermia, etc.

If you take the treatment with all responsibility, then in the near future you can be sure that the talker really helps. The composition of the home remedy has much in common with the pharmacy.

Use in expectant mothers and children

Allergy talker can be used in childhood, during pregnancy and lactation. The drug consists of gentle ingredients that cannot adversely affect the developing fetus.

But do not get involved in self-medication. Experiments with medicines at home are unacceptable if there are no indications for this, noted by a specialist. The therapeutic course of such a serious disease as an allergy should be controlled by a doctor.

Since in the absence of the expected effect or deterioration of the patient's condition, urgent assistance may be required. That is why even such a simple drug as a talker, despite its harmlessness, is better to use as directed by a specialist.

Side effects and contraindications

The drug does not cause undesirable reactions from the body. The exception is individual hypersensitivity to individual components of the therapeutic agent.

There are also no bans on the use of the talker. The only thing that experts recommend is to be careful when using expectant and nursing mothers, as well as children under 14 years of age.

Analogues

If the pharmacy and home-made chatter does not work and the allergic disease continues to progress, you should consult a doctor for an appropriate examination and prescription of complex antihistamines. As a drug substitute, experts recommend modern drugs - Zirtek, Telfast and much more.

Self-medication can be harmful to your health.
It is necessary to consult a doctor, and also read the instructions before use.

Dimedrol lmp: instructions for use

Compound

Active substance:

Diphenhydramine hydrochloride - 10 mg.

Excipients:

Lidocaine hydrochloride, urea, ethyl alcohol, trometamol, carbomer, methyl parahydroxybenzoate, purified water.

Description

Opaque gel from white to slightly grayish color.

pharmachologic effect

Dimedrol (diphenhydramine hydrochloride) is a first-generation Hi-histamine receptor blocker with pronounced antihistamine activity. Diphenhydramine reduces itching, swelling, hyperemia. Diphenhydramine also has anti-allergic and local anesthetic effects. The excipient lidocaine hydrochloride is a local anesthetic that reduces the pain associated with itching.

Pharmacokinetics

Diphenhydramine is well absorbed by the skin, the therapeutic effect is felt after 15 minutes. Most of diphenhydramine is metabolized to diphenylmethoxyacetic acid and excreted from the body in the urine within 24-28 hours.

Indications for use

Itching of the skin and mucous membranes of various origins: allergic skin reactions, solar and thermal burns of the 1st degree, insect bites, urticaria, eczema accompanied by itching, chicken pox.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to the active substance and / or to any excipient. Do not use to relieve itchy eyes. The relationship between diphenhydramine and exacerbation of porphyria (Porphyria) has been proven, therefore diphenhydramine is not recommended for patients with this disease.

Pregnancy and lactation

Use during pregnancy and lactation only after a thorough study of the possible risk factor and after consultation with a doctor.

Dosage and administration

Apply the gel in a thin layer on the itchy surface and massage into the skin. The duration of the drug is not more than 7 days. If longer use is needed, consult a physician.

Side effect

In some cases, skin-irritating and sensitizing (allergenic) effects on the skin or mucous membranes (redness, inflammation) are possible. In such cases, stop using the gel.

Overdose

There is no information on cases of overdose.

Interaction with other drugs

Application features

DIMEDROL LMP gel 1% is for external use only.

After applying the gel, you can not apply an occlusive dressing. Avoid getting the gel in the eyes, because. the gel is irritating. If this happens, rinse eyes with plenty of warm water.

Use in children aged 2 months to 2 years under the supervision of medical personnel. Use in children with chickenpox, only with the permission of a doctor.

Influence on the ability to drive vehicles and control mechanisms

The gel does not affect the ability to drive vehicles and operate machinery.

Precautionary measures

Release form

Storage conditions