What can diabetics have for a snack. Snacks for diabetics. Glycemic index of different sandwiches

Due to the fact that modern drugs do not cause hypoglycemia, everyone decides for himself whether additional fuel is needed between main meals. Yes, snacking can satisfy your hunger, but it can also lead to consuming extra calories. If you need snacks because you are taking certain medications, it's best to work out the right diet with your doctor.

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You may need intermediate meals if:

The main meal will move in time

Need to satisfy the feeling of hunger

You are really hungry, and do not try to occupy yourself with food out of boredom or stress

This is how you reach your optimal daily calorie requirement.

First thing in the morning you do exercises

Physical activity is very intense and/or lasts more than an hour

You are prone to hypoglycemia at night

This is how you keep your sugar levels under control.

Try to keep the energy value of snacks no more than 100 - 200 calories each. To slow down the rise in blood sugar levels and get rid of the feeling of hunger for a long time, combine protein foods with a carbohydrate complex. Here are some examples of the perfect snack:

Pear and cheese

Carbs: ½ large pear

Proteins: 1 serving low-fat processed cheese

130 calories, 4.5 g fat (2.5 g saturated fat), 15 mg cholesterol, 230 mg sodium

15 g carbohydrates, 3 g fiber, 7 g protein.

Raisins and seeds

Carbs: 1 handful of raisins

Proteins: 2 tablespoons pumpkin seeds

Information about the nutrients

145 calories, 8 g fat (1.5 g saturated fat), 0 mg cholesterol, 50 mg sodium,

14 g carbohydrates, 3.5 g fiber, 5 g protein.

Toast with cheese and ham

Carbs: ½ whole grain toasted bun

Proteins: 1 slice low-fat cheese, 1 slice turkey fillet

Information about the nutrients

145 calories, 5.5 g fat (2.5 g saturated fat), 23 mg cholesterol, 267 mg sodium

12 g carbohydrates, 2.5 g fiber, 13 g protein.

Cottage cheese and carrots

Carbs: 1 medium carrot

Proteins: 150 g low-fat cottage cheese

Daily intake of vitamin A

Information about the nutrients

125 calories, 2.5 g fat (1.5 g saturated fat), 15 mg cholesterol, 455 mg sodium

14 g carbohydrates, 2 g fiber, 12 g protein.

Crackers and cheese

Carbs: 10 defatted wheat crackers

Proteins: 2 slices low-fat hard cheese

Information about the nutrients

171 calories, 8 g fat (4 g saturated fat), 15 mg cholesterol, 344 mg sodium

15 g carbohydrates, 1 g fiber, 8 g protein.

Mini sandwiches with tuna

Carbs: 3 slices whole grain rye bread + 3 cherry tomatoes

Proteins: a small can of canned tuna in its own juice (about 150 g)

Add ¼ cucumber - a light, harmless product - to keep the tuna juicy

Information about the nutrients

165 calories, 2g fat (0g saturated fat), 40mg cholesterol, 420mg sodium

17 g carbohydrates, 2 g fiber, 20 g protein.

Apple and pistachios

Carbs: 1 small apple

Proteins: 50 dried salted pistachios

Information about the nutrients

200 calories, 13 g fat (1.5 g saturated fat), 0 mg cholesterol, 115 mg sodium

16.5 g carbohydrates, 5 g fiber, 6 g protein.

Strawberries and yogurt

Carbs: ¾ cup chopped strawberries

Proteins: 170 g low-fat yogurt

Information about the nutrients

140 calories, 0 g fat, 0 mg cholesterol, 81 mg sodium, 16 g carbohydrates, 2.5 g fiber,

18 g of proteins.

mini pizza

Carbs: ½ whole grain muffins, ½ cup chopped vegetables, ketchup

Proteins: ¼ cup mozzarella

Put the pizza in the microwave, cook for 30 seconds to melt the cheese. You can add fresh basil leaves

Information about the nutrients

141 calories, 6 g fat (3 g saturated fat), 15 mg cholesterol, 293 mg sodium

14 g carbohydrates, 3 g fiber, 9.5 g protein.

For people with type 2 diabetes, a therapeutic dietary table No. 9 is provided. The purpose of special nutrition is to restore disturbed carbohydrate and fat metabolism in the body. It is logical that in the first place you need to give up carbohydrates, but this is not entirely true: the absolute rejection of carbohydrate foods will not only not help, but will also worsen the patient's condition. For this reason, fast carbohydrates (sugar, confectionery) are replaced with fruits, cereals. The diet should be balanced and complete, varied and not boring.

• Of course, sugar, jams, cakes and pastries are removed from the menu. Sugar should be replaced by analogues: these are xylitol, aspartame, sorbitol.
• Meals become more frequent (6 times a day), and portions become smaller.
• Breaks between meals should not be more than 3 hours.
• The last meal is 2 hours before going to bed.
• As snacks, you should use fruit, berry or vegetable mixes.
• Do not ignore breakfast: it starts the metabolism for the whole day, and this is very important for diabetes. Breakfast should be light but satisfying.
• When compiling the menu, choose low-fat, boiled, or steamed foods. Meat before cooking must be cleaned of fat, chicken must be removed from the skin. All foods eaten must be fresh.
• You will have to reduce the calorie content of the diet, especially if you are overweight.
• You should limit your salt intake, as well as quit smoking and drinking alcohol.
• A sufficient amount of fiber should be present in the diet: it facilitates the absorption of carbohydrates, reduces the absorption of glucose in the gastrointestinal tract, stabilizes the level of glucose in the bloodstream, cleanses the intestines of toxic substances, and relieves swelling.
• When choosing bread, it is better to focus on dark varieties of pastries, you can add bran.
• Simple carbohydrates are replaced by complex ones, for example, cereals: oatmeal, buckwheat, corn, etc.

Try not to overeat or gain weight. It is recommended to drink about 1.5 liters of fluid per day.

For overweight patients, the doctor may prescribe the therapeutic diet No. 8, which is used to treat obesity, or combine both diets, taking into account individual characteristics.

Remember: a patient with type 2 diabetes should not be hungry. Eating should be at the same time, but if in the interval between meals you feel hungry, be sure to eat fruit, gnaw carrots or drink tea: drown out hungry urges. Keep a balance: overeating for a diabetic is no less dangerous.

Diet menu for type 2 diabetes

With type 2 diabetes, a person can lead a normal life with some changes in their diet. We suggest that you familiarize yourself with an exemplary diet menu for type 2 diabetes.

• Breakfast. A serving of oatmeal, a glass of carrot juice.
• Snack. Two baked apples.
• Dinner. A serving of pea soup, vinaigrette, a few slices of dark bread, a cup of green tea.
• afternoon tea. Carrot salad with prunes.
• Dinner. Buckwheat with mushrooms, cucumber, some bread, a glass of mineral water.
• Before going to bed - a cup of yogurt.

• Breakfast. Portion of cottage cheese with apples, a cup of green tea.
• Snack. Cranberry juice, cracker.
• Dinner. Bean soup, fish casserole, coleslaw, bread, dried fruit compote.
• afternoon tea. Sandwich with dietary cheese, tea.
• Dinner. Vegetable stew, a slice of dark bread, a cup of green tea.
• Before going to bed - a cup of milk.

• Breakfast. Steamed cheesecakes with raisins, tea with milk.
• Snack. Several apricots.
• Dinner. Portion of vegetarian borscht, baked fish fillet with herbs, some bread, a glass of rosehip broth.
• afternoon tea. Portion of fruit salad.
• Dinner. Braised cabbage with mushrooms, bread, a cup of tea.
• Before going to bed - yogurt without additives.

• Breakfast. Protein omelette, whole grain bread, coffee.
• Snack. A glass of apple juice, cracker.
• Dinner. Tomato soup, chicken fillet with vegetables, bread, a cup of tea with lemon.
• afternoon tea. Slice of bread with curd paste.
• Dinner. Carrot cutlets with Greek yogurt, bread, a cup of green tea.
• Before going to bed - a glass of milk.

• Breakfast. Two soft-boiled eggs, tea with milk.
• Snack. A handful of berries.
• Dinner. Fresh cabbage soup, potato cutlets, vegetable salad, bread, a glass of compote.
• afternoon tea. Curd with cranberries.
• Dinner. Steamed fish cake, vegetable salad, some bread, tea.
• Before going to bed - a glass of curdled milk.

• Breakfast. A serving of millet porridge with fruit, a cup of tea.
• Snack. Fruit salad.
• Dinner. Celery soup, barley porridge with onions and vegetables, some bread, tea.
• afternoon tea. Curd with lemon.
• Dinner. Potato cutlets, tomato salad, a piece of boiled fish, bread, a cup of compote.
• Before going to bed - a glass of kefir.

• Breakfast. Portion of cottage cheese casserole with berries, a cup of coffee.
• Snack. Fruit juice, cracker.
• Dinner. Onion soup, steamed chicken cutlets, a portion of vegetable salad, some bread, a cup of dried fruit compote.
• afternoon tea. Apple.
• Dinner. Vareniki with cabbage, a cup of tea.
• Before going to bed - yogurt.

Recipes for type 2 diabetes

vegetable appetizer

We will need: 6 medium tomatoes, two carrots, two onions, 4 bell peppers, 300-400 g of white cabbage, a little vegetable oil, bay leaf, salt and pepper.

We chop the cabbage, cut the pepper into strips, cut the tomatoes into cubes, and the onions into half rings. Simmer over low heat with the addition of vegetable oil and spices.

Sprinkle with herbs when serving. Can be used on its own or as a side dish for meat or fish.

Soup with tomatoes and bell pepper

You will need: one onion, one bell pepper, two potatoes, two tomatoes (fresh or canned), a tablespoon of tomato paste, 3 cloves of garlic, ½ teaspoon of cumin, salt, paprika, about 0.8 liters of water.

We cut the tomatoes, peppers and onions into cubes, stew in a saucepan with the addition of tomato paste, paprika and a few tablespoons of water. Grind cumin with a crush or in a coffee grinder. Cut the potatoes into cubes, add to the vegetables, salt and pour hot water. Cook until potatoes are ready.

A few minutes before cooking, add cumin and crushed garlic to the soup. Sprinkle with herbs.

Meatballs from vegetables and minced meat

We will need: ½ kg of minced chicken, one egg, one small head of cabbage, two carrots, two onions, 3 cloves of garlic, a glass of kefir, a tablespoon of tomato paste, salt, pepper, vegetable oil.

Finely chop the cabbage, chop the onion, three carrots on a fine grater. Fry the onion, add vegetables and simmer for 10 minutes, cool. In the meantime, add the egg, spices and salt to the minced meat, knead.

Add vegetables to minced meat, mix again, form meatballs and put them in a mold. Prepare the sauce: mix kefir with crushed garlic and salt, pour over the meatballs. Top with a little tomato paste or juice. Place the meatballs in the oven at 200°C for about 60 minutes.

Enjoy your meal.

Lentil soup

We will need: 200 g of red lentils, 1 liter of water, a little olive oil, one onion, one carrot, 200 g of mushrooms (champignons), salt, herbs.

Cut the onion, mushrooms, grate the carrots. We heat the pan, pour a little vegetable oil, fry the onions, mushrooms and carrots for 5 minutes. Add lentils, pour water and cook over low heat, covered for about 15 minutes. A few minutes before cooking, add salt, spices. Grind in a blender, divide into portions. This soup is very tasty with rye croutons.

Cabbage fritters

You will need: ½ kg of white cabbage, a little parsley, a tablespoon of kefir, a chicken egg, 50 g of hard diet cheese, salt, a tablespoon of bran, 2 tablespoons of flour, ½ teaspoon of soda or baking powder, pepper.

Finely chop the cabbage, dip in boiling water for 2 minutes, let the water drain. Add chopped greens, grated cheese, kefir, an egg, a spoonful of bran, flour and baking powder to the cabbage. Salt and pepper. Mix the mass and place in the refrigerator for half an hour.

Line a baking sheet with parchment paper and grease with vegetable oil. With a spoon, put the mass on parchment in the form of pancakes, place in the oven for about half an hour at 180 ° C, until golden.

Serve with Greek yogurt or on its own.

The diet for type 2 diabetes can be reviewed by the doctor, taking into account the degree of pathology, as well as the presence of additional diseases. In addition to the diet, it is necessary to follow all the doctor's prescriptions, to avoid heavy physical exertion. Only with this approach to treatment is it possible to achieve a stable and effective improvement in the patient's condition.

It is especially important for diabetics to monitor their diet, as well as the quantity and quality of calories consumed. If you feel hungry, or you have a physical activity lasting more than 30 minutes, you need to make a snack, which, on the one hand, will help satisfy your hunger, on the other hand, will not cause a jump in blood sugar levels. We present 8 tasty and correct snacks from this point of view.

nuts

Just a handful of nuts (about 40 g) is a nutritious, low-carb snack. Almonds, hazelnuts, walnuts, macadamia, cashews, pistachios or peanuts are all rich in fiber and healthy fats. Be sure to choose unsalted or lightly salted.

Cheese

Varieties that are low in fat, such as ricotta and mozzarella, are high in protein and help control blood sugar. Suitable for snacks and cottage cheese. Take about 50 g of cottage cheese, add some fruit and complete with whole grain ricotta bread.

Hummus

Yes, it has carbohydrates, but they are slowly digestible. This means that your body does not absorb them as quickly as others, and sugar in the blood will come gradually, without sudden jumps. Chickpeas in hummus contain a lot of fiber and protein, which will give a feeling of good satiety. Use it as a dip for vegetables or spread on whole grain crackers.

Eggs

Protein omelet is a wonderful high protein meal. You can also hard-boil a few eggs and store them for a quick snack.

Yogurt

Slice fresh fruit into low-calorie yogurt for a sweet, carb-free dessert or a great pre-workout snack. If you're more of a salty type, add your favorite herbs and spices and dip vegetable chunks or low-salt pretzels into the yogurt.

Popcorn

A couple of handfuls of popcorn in a sandwich bag is a healthy snack on the go. You can add a pinch of salt to crunch even more.

Avocado

Avocado is a fruit that is delicious on its own, but can be made into an even more interesting snack. Puree 3 avocados, add salsa, some cilantro and lime juice, and voila, it's guacamole. A 50g serving contains only 20g of carbohydrates.

Diabetes mellitus does not have clearly defined degrees that can be expressed by numerical indices. Usually, mild, moderate and severe degrees of the course of the disease are distinguished. But there are two varieties of this disease - the first type (insulin-dependent) and the second type (insulin-independent).

It is especially important for such patients to adhere to the rules of rational nutrition, since in this case it is the correction of the diet that is the main method of treatment.

Why diet?

In type 2 diabetes, tissue sensitivity to insulin is impaired and insulin resistance occurs. Despite sufficient production of this hormone, glucose cannot be absorbed and enter the cells in the right amount, which leads to an increase in its level in the blood. As a result, the patient develops complications of the disease that affect the nerve fibers, blood vessels, tissues of the lower extremities, the retina of the eye, etc.

Most patients with type 2 diabetes are overweight or even obese. Due to a slow metabolism, the process of losing weight does not proceed as quickly for them as for healthy people, but it is extremely necessary for them to reduce weight. Normalization of body weight is one of the conditions for good health and maintaining blood sugar at the target level.

What to eat with diabetes in order to normalize tissue sensitivity to insulin and lower blood sugar levels? The daily menu of the patient should be reduced in calories, and contain mostly slow, not fast carbohydrates. Doctors usually recommend diet number 9. At the stage of losing weight, the amount of fat in dishes should be reduced (it is better to give preference to fats of vegetable origin). It is important for a diabetic to get enough protein, as it is a building material and contributes to the gradual replacement of adipose tissue with muscle fibers.

Rational nutrition improves the sensitivity of tissues to insulin and normalizes the regulation of blood sugar levels.

The main goals of the diet for type 2 diabetes:

• weight loss and reduction in body fat;
• normalization of blood glucose levels;
• maintaining blood pressure within acceptable limits;
• lowering the level of cholesterol in the blood;
• prevention of severe complications of the disease.

A diet for type 2 diabetes is not a temporary measure, but a system that must be followed constantly. This is the only way to keep blood sugar at a normal level and maintain good health for a long time. In most cases, just switching to proper nutrition is enough to keep diabetes under control. But even if the doctor recommends that the patient take hypoglycemic pills, this by no means cancels the diet. Without nutrition control, no medical methods will bring a lasting effect (even insulin injections).

Healthy natural foods help maintain normal blood sugar levels and control blood pressure

Food preparation methods

In type 2 diabetes, it is desirable for patients to prepare food in gentle ways. The best types of cooking are culinary processes such as steaming, boiling and baking. Fried foods can only be eaten occasionally by diabetics, and it is preferable to cook them in a small amount of vegetable oil, or even better, on a grill pan with a non-stick coating. With these cooking methods, the maximum amount of vitamins and nutrients is preserved. In finished form, such dishes do not burden the pancreas and other organs of the digestive tract.

You can also stew dishes in your own juice, while choosing only low-calorie and low-fat foods. It is undesirable to add store-bought sauces, marinades and a large amount of salt to food. To improve the taste, it is better to use permitted seasonings: greens, lemon juice, garlic, pepper and dried aromatic herbs.

Meat

Meat is a very important source of protein for diabetics because it contains essential amino acids that cannot be produced by the human body. But choosing it, you need to know certain rules so as not to accidentally harm your health. First, the meat must be dietary. For sick people, chicken, turkey, rabbit, and lean veal are best. Secondly, it must be perfectly fresh, the presence of a large number of veins and muscle films is not allowed in it, since they are digested for a long time and can create a feeling of heaviness, slowing down the intestines.

The amount of meat in the diet should be limited, but at the same time, the daily dose should provide a person with a sufficient amount of protein. The distribution of proteins, fats and carbohydrates is selected individually for each patient by the attending physician. It depends on many factors - weight, body mass index, age, anatomical features and the presence of concomitant diseases. Properly selected ratio of calories and nutrients ensures the normal supply of the body with energy, vitamins and minerals.

Prohibited types of meat in diabetes:

• goose;
• duck;
• pork;
• mutton;
• fatty beef.

Patients should not eat bacon, smoked meats, sausages and rich meat broths. It is allowed to cook soups with poultry meat, but the water must be changed after the first boil. You can not cook soup on bone broth, because it is hard to digest and creates an extra load on the pancreas and liver. The skin should always be removed from poultry during the cooking process so that excess fat does not get into the dish. It is always better to give preference to fillet and white meat, in which there is a minimum amount of connective tissue and fatty streaks.

It is desirable to replace animal fats with vegetable fats to the maximum. Olive, corn and flaxseed oils are considered the most beneficial for diabetic patients.

Fish

Fish must be present in the diet of a diabetic patient at least once a week. It is a source of healthy proteins, fats and amino acids. Eating fish products helps to improve the condition of bones and muscles, and also contributes to the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. The most useful fish allowed, according to the rules of the diet, for diabetics is lean fish, which is cooked in the oven or steamed.

Diabetics can eat tilapia, hake, pollock, tuna, cod. It is also advisable to periodically include red fish (trout, salmon, salmon) in your diet, as it is rich in omega acids. These biologically active substances protect the body from the development of cardiovascular diseases and help reduce the level of "bad" cholesterol.

Patients should not eat smoked and salted fish, because it can cause problems with the pancreas, as well as provoke the appearance of edema and the development of hypertension. Since type 2 diabetes usually develops in middle-aged and older people, the problems of high blood pressure are relevant for many of them. The use of very salty foods (including red fish) can provoke pressure surges and worsen the condition of the heart and blood vessels.

When cooking fish, it is better to add a minimum amount of salt to it, replacing it with other spices and seasonings. It is desirable to bake it without adding oil, since this product itself already contains a certain amount of healthy fats. In order for the fillet not to be dry, it can be cooked in the oven in a special plastic sleeve. Fish cooked in this way contains more moisture and has a melting texture.

Diabetics are prohibited from eating white fish of fatty varieties (for example, pangasius, notothenia, herring, catfish and mackerel). Despite the pleasant taste, these products, unfortunately, can provoke the appearance of extra pounds and cause problems with the pancreas. Low-fat fish and seafood is a healthy natural source of vitamins and minerals that are perfectly absorbed by the body.

It is useful for diabetics to eat boiled seafood. Shrimp, squid and octopus are high in protein, vitamins and phosphorus

The diet for type 2 diabetes is based on a predominance of plant foods in the diet, so vegetables in any form should be an important part of the food that sufferers eat. They contain very little sugar, and at the same time they are rich in fiber, vitamins and other valuable chemical elements. The most useful vegetables for diabetes are green and red. This is due to the fact that they contain a large amount of antioxidants that prevent the formation of harmful free radicals. Eating tomatoes, cucumbers, sweet peppers and green onions can increase human immunity and improve digestion.

The following vegetables are also useful for patients:

• cauliflower;
• Jerusalem artichoke;
• pumpkin;
• onions and blue onions;
• broccoli;
• radish;
• zucchini and eggplant.

Beets are also very useful for diabetics, as they contain amino acids, enzymes and slow carbohydrates. There is no fat in this vegetable at all, so its calorie content is low. Beetroot dishes have anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties, increase immunity and strengthen the walls of blood vessels. Another important property of beets for diabetics is the smooth regulation of intestinal motility, which helps to avoid constipation and a feeling of heaviness in the stomach.

A balanced diet for type 2 diabetes allows even potatoes to be included in the diet, but this vegetable should not be fundamental when choosing and cooking dishes. It contains a lot of starch and has a relatively high calorie content (compared to other vegetables), so its amount should be strictly limited.

In order for vegetables to bring only benefits to the body, they must be properly prepared. If vegetables can be eaten raw, and a diabetic has no problems with digestion, it is better to use them in this form, since this preserves the maximum amount of useful elements, vitamins and minerals. But if the patient has concomitant problems with the gastrointestinal tract (for example, inflammatory diseases), then all vegetables must be subjected to preliminary heat treatment.

It is highly undesirable to fry vegetables or stew them with a lot of butter and vegetable oil, as they absorb fat, and the benefits of such a dish will be much less than the harm. Fatty and fried foods not only disrupt the functional activity of the pancreas, but also often cause a set of extra pounds.

Vegetables cooked with excess oil are high in calories and can raise blood cholesterol levels.

Fruit

Some patients, after being diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, try to eliminate all fruits from the diet, leaving only sour, green apples and sometimes pears in it. But this is not necessary, since most fruits have a low glycemic index and contain a small amount of carbohydrates and calories. For diabetics, all fruits and berries with a low and medium glycemic index are useful, because they contain a lot of vitamin, organic acids, pigments and mineral compounds.

Patients can eat such fruits and berries:

• apples;
• pears;
• tangerines;
• oranges;
• grapefruits;
• apricots;
• plums;
• currant;
• cherry;
• cranberries;
• raspberries.

Forbidden fruits for type 2 diabetes are melon, watermelon and figs because they have a high glycemic index and are high in sugar. For the same reason, it is undesirable for patients to consume such dried fruits as dates and dried figs.

Peaches and bananas can be present in the diet of a diabetic, but it is advisable to eat them no more than once or twice a week. For daily use, it is better to give preference to plums, apples and citrus fruits, because they help improve digestion and contain a lot of coarse fiber. They contain a lot of vitamins and minerals that are necessary for the well-coordinated, full-fledged work of the whole organism.

Fruit is a healthy and tasty treat that can help you overcome cravings for forbidden sweet foods. Patients who regularly eat fruits find it easier to follow a diet and daily routine.

Cereals and pasta

What can patients eat from cereals and pasta? There are a lot of allowed products on this list, from which you can cook delicious and healthy dishes. It is cereals and pasta that should be the source of slow carbohydrates that the patient needs for brain function and energy. Doctor-recommended products include:

• buckwheat;
• oats that require cooking (not instant cereal);
• bulgur;
• peas;
• durum wheat pasta;
• Wheat groats;
• unpolished rice;
• millet.

It is highly undesirable for diabetics to eat white rice, semolina and instant oatmeal. These products are high in carbohydrates, calories and few biologically valuable substances. By and large, these cereals simply saturate the body and satisfy the feeling of hunger. Excessive consumption of such cereals can lead to weight gain and problems with the digestive system.

But even allowed cereals need to be properly cooked and eaten. It is best to cook porridge in water without adding oils and fats. It is preferable to eat them for breakfast, as carbohydrates should provide the patient with energy for the whole day. These simple recommendations should always be remembered, since properly selected and cooked cereals will only bring benefits and will not harm human health.

With type 2 diabetes, you need to eat fractionally. It is advisable to break the daily diet into 5-6 meals

What should be given up?

Patients with type 2 diabetes should completely exclude such dishes and foods from the diet:

• sugar and products containing it;
• fatty dishes prepared using a large amount of vegetable or butter;
• smoked meats;
• semi-finished products and fast food;
• marinades;
• salty and spicy hard cheeses;
• bakery products from premium flour.

You can not make exceptions to the rules and occasionally use something from the prohibited list. In type 2 diabetes, the patient does not receive insulin injections, and the only chance to keep blood sugar at a normal level is to eat right, while observing other recommendations of the attending physician.

Sample menu for the day

It is better to make a menu for the day in advance, calculating its calorie content and the ratio of fats, proteins and carbohydrates in dishes. Table 1 shows the calorie content and chemical composition of some foods that are allowed with diet No. 9. Guided by these data, the recommendations of the attending physician and the composition, which is always indicated on the packaging of products, you can easily create a diet with optimal energy value.

Table 1.

A sample menu for the day might look like this:

• breakfast - oatmeal, a slice of low-fat cheese, whole grain bread without yeast;
• snack - nuts or an apple;
• lunch - vegetable broth, boiled chicken breast or turkey, buckwheat porridge, berry juice;
• afternoon snack - allowed fruit and a glass of rosehip broth;
• dinner - steamed fish with vegetables or low-fat cottage cheese, a glass of compote without sugar;
• a snack before bedtime - 200 ml of low-fat kefir.

The diet of a type 2 diabetic can be truly varied and delicious. The lack of sweet foods in it is compensated by healthy fruits and nuts, and fatty meat is replaced by dietary options. A big plus of this menu is that it can be cooked for the whole family. Restriction in fats of animal origin and in sugar is useful even for healthy people, and in diabetes it is a prerequisite for maintaining normal health for many years.

Last update: April 30, 2019

Type 1 diabetes is caused by a malfunction of the pancreas. Damaged cells cannot provide the body with insulin, so the patient has to inject it additionally. The main thing with this type of disease is to correctly calculate the rate of the drug. If you do this correctly, then the need to adhere to strict rules in food disappears. It is enough for diabetics to eat rationally, like ordinary people who care about health and figure.

The importance of proper nutrition for effective treatment

Thus, with type 1 diabetes, there are practically no serious culinary restrictions. The only strict contraindication- these are products containing a lot of sugar: honey, confectionery, sweets, sweet fruits, muffins, etc. Also, when compiling a diet, physical activity and the presence of other diseases should be taken into account. This should be taken into account when calculating the daily menu.

Why is it so important?

Diabetics should take a certain amount of insulin before each meal to maintain vigor and normal performance. Lack or overdose can cause a sharp deterioration in well-being and provoke complications.

The daily diet should include 50-60% carbohydrates and about 20-25% fats and proteins. Doctors often advise avoiding fat, spicy and fried foods. These are valuable recommendations for those patients who, in addition to diabetes, have impaired functions of the digestive system. Recent studies show that fats and spices have no effect on glycemic fluctuations. But with the use of carbohydrates you need to be careful.

They differ in how quickly they are absorbed by the body. The so-called "slow" carbohydrates are absorbed within 40-60 minutes and do not cause sharp jumps in sugar levels. They are found in starch, pectin and fiber and are found in fruits and vegetables.

Simple, fast-digesting carbohydrates are processed in 5-25 minutes and contribute to a rapid increase in glucose levels. They are found in fruits, honey, sugar, molasses, beer and other alcoholic beverages, as well as all sweet foods.

For the correct selection of the dose of insulin, you need to plan your menu in the so-called bread units (XE). 1 unit is 10-12 g of carbohydrates. That is how many of them are in a slice of bread 1 cm thick. It is recommended to take no more than 7-8 XE at a time.

The question arises: how many XE do diabetic sweets contain And how many can you use?

Characteristics and types of sweeteners

They are divided into low- and high-calorie. The latter are almost equal in calories to regular sugar, but after them, glycemia does not increase so much. However, both types cannot be used uncontrollably. There are norms, the observance of which guarantees a normal state.

We offer you to get acquainted with the list of sweeteners. The maximum dose of the substance per 1 kg of body weight is indicated in brackets:

• saccharin (5 mg)
• aspartame (40 mg)
• cyclamate (7 mg)
• acesulfame K (15 mg)
• sucralose (15 mg)

Stevia sweets are now widely used. This is a natural low-calorie sweetener, which is a real find for diabetics with a sweet tooth.

With high-quality compensation for diabetes, it is allowed to consume up to 50 g of sugar per day. This perfectly motivates to take into account XE and insulin doses more carefully and relieves psychological stress.

How to be if you really want "real" sweets?

• Consume them chilled.
• Give preference to goodies that also contain proteins, fiber, fat and slowly digestible carbohydrates, for example, fruits, berries, buns, ice cream, protein cream.
• Eat sweets after meals, not on an empty stomach

Diet guidelines for type 1 diabetics

Let us immediately note that the frequency of nutrition and the amount of XE must be agreed with the doctor ohm. The schedule depends on the type of insulin used, the time of introduction into the body.

It is necessary to limit fried, spicy, fatty foods and spices in the diet for problems with the kidneys, liver and other digestive organs.

There are rules for maintaining good health:

• take no more than 7-8 XE with meals. Otherwise, an increase in glycemia is possible and an increase in the rate of insulin will be required. A single dose of this drug should not be more than 14 units
• carefully plan the menu, as insulin is administered before meals
• distribute XE into three meals and two small snacks. Intermediate snacks are not required, they depend on the mode of each person.
• introduce afternoon snacks and second breakfasts into the regimen if there is a risk of hypoglycemia several hours after eating

With five meals a day, XE can be distributed in this way:

breakfast - 6
second breakfast - 2
lunch - 6
afternoon snack-2.5
dinner - 5

Diet menu for the week

Monday

Breakfast. Any porridge, with the exception of semolina or rice in the amount of 200g, about 40g. hard cheese 17%, a slice of bread - 25 gr. and tea without sugar. You can not deny yourself a cup of morning coffee, but also without sugar.
2 Breakfast. 1-2 pcs. biscuit cookies or bread, a glass of unsweetened tea and 1 apple.
Dinner. Salad of fresh vegetables in the amount of 100g., a plate of borscht, 1-2 steamed cutlets and a little stewed cabbage, a slice of bread.
afternoon tea. Not more than 100 gr. fat-free cottage cheese, the same amount of fruit jelly, which should be prepared using sweeteners and a glass of rosehip broth.
1 dinner. A little boiled meat and vegetable salad (100g each)
2 Dinner. A glass of kefir with the smallest percentage of fat content.
Total calories consumed No more than 1400 kcal

Tuesday

Breakfast. Omelet, consisting of 2 proteins and yolk, a slice of boiled veal (50g.) And 1 medium tomato and a cup of tea without sugar.
2 Breakfast. Bifidoyogurt and 2 pcs. biscuit cookies or bread.
Dinner. Mushroom soup with vegetable salad and chicken breast and a slice of baked pumpkin, a slice of bread.
afternoon tea. Liquid yogurt and half a grapefruit.
1 dinner. 200 g of stewed cabbage and boiled fish with a tablespoon of 10% sour cream, tea without sugar.
2 Dinner. A little less than a glass of kefir with a medium-sized baked apple.

Wednesday

Breakfast. 2 cabbage rolls with boiled meat, a slice of bread with a spoonful of sour cream (no more than 10%), tea or coffee without added sugar.
2 Breakfast. 3-4 sugar-free crackers and a glass of sugar-free compote.
Dinner. A plate of vegetarian soup with vegetable salad, 100g. fish and the same amount of boiled pasta.
afternoon tea. A cup of fruit tea and 1 medium sized orange.
1 dinner. 1 serving of cottage cheese casserole, 5 tablespoons of fresh berries and a tablespoon of 10% sour cream. From liquid - rosehip broth (250 gr.)
2 Dinner. Scan of low-fat kefir
Total calories consumed Do not exceed the norm of 1300 kcal

Thursday

Breakfast. Chicken egg and a bowl of porridge (not rice or semolina), 40 gr. hard 17% cheese and a cup of tea or coffee (required without sugar).
2 Breakfast. A little more than half a glass of low-fat cottage cheese, half a pear or kiwi, a cup of unsweetened tea.
Dinner. A plate of pickle and 100 gr. stew, the same amount of stewed zucchini, a slice of bread.
afternoon tea. A cup of tea without sugar with 2-3 unsweetened cookies.
1 dinner. 100 gr. chicken and 200 gr. green beans with a cup of unsweetened tea.
2 Dinner. A glass of 1% kefir and a medium-sized apple.
Total calories consumed Less than 1400 kcal

Friday

Breakfast. A glass of bifidyogurt and 150 gr. defatted cottage cheese.
2 Breakfast. A sandwich with 17% hard cheese and a cup of unsweetened tea.
Dinner. Baked or boiled potatoes with vegetable salad (1:2), 100g. boiled chicken or fish and half a glass of fresh berries.
afternoon tea. A piece of baked pumpkin, 10 gr. dried poppy seeds plus a glass of unsweetened compote or a decoction of dried fruits.
1 dinner. A plate of vegetable salad with lots of greens, 1-2 steamed meat patties.
2 Dinner. A glass of fat-free kefir.
Total calories consumed 1300 kcal maximum

Saturday

Breakfast. A small piece of lightly salted salmon, a boiled egg, a slice of bread and a fresh cucumber. From liquid - a cup of tea without sugar.
2 Breakfast. Cottage cheese with berries (up to 300g.)
Dinner. A plate of borscht and 1-2 lazy cabbage rolls, a slice of bread and a tablespoon of 10% sour cream.
afternoon tea. Bifidoyogurt and 2 biscuits.
1 dinner. 100gr. fresh peas, boiled poultry, stewed vegetables (you can eggplant).
2 Dinner. A glass of 1% kefir.
Total calories consumed 1300 kcal

Sunday

Breakfast. A plate of buckwheat porridge with a slice of veal ham and a cup of tea without sugar.
2 Breakfast. 2-3 sugar-free cookies and a glass of rosehip broth, a medium apple or orange.
Dinner. Mushroom borsch with two tablespoons of 10% sour cream, 2 steamed veal cutlets, 100g. stewed vegetables and a slice of bread.
afternoon tea. 200gr. fat-free cottage cheese with plums
1 dinner. 3 pieces of baked fish, 100 gr. lettuce (can be from spinach), 150g stewed zucchini.
2 Dinner. Half a glass of yogurt.
Total calories consumed 1180 kcal

Benefits of a low carb diet

Scientific studies have shown that strict dietary restrictions, which were introduced by official medicine a few years ago, do not bring results, and can even harm. This disease does not allow you to control blood glucose without insulin, and a special diet will not help to cure. Therefore, to improve well-being and prevent complications choose a low-carb diet rich in proteins and healthy fats.

What are its benefits?

• carbohydrate intake per day does not exceed 30 g, therefore, a lot of insulin is not required
• Glycemia is stable, since slow-digesting carbohydrates and small portions of medications do not provoke sugar “jumps”
• stability of blood glucose levels prevents complications
• normalizes cholesterol levels
• the diet is as close as possible to the diet of a healthy person, which allows the patient to reduce stress

The main principle of such nutrition: limiting "fast" sugars. The rest of the products can be eaten without restrictions!

Delicious recipes

Salad "Russian"

200-300 g white fish fillets, 300-340 g potatoes, 200-250 g beets, 100 g carrots, 200 g cucumbers, vegetable oil, salt, spices. Put the fish in salted water and boil with spices. Then take it out of the water and let it cool. Cut into small slices. Boil vegetables, peel, cut into small cubes or sticks. Mix all the ingredients of the dish, add salt, spices, season with oil.

Salad "Vitamin"

200 g onions, 350-450 g unsweetened apples, 100 g sweet peppers, 350 g fresh cucumbers, 1 tsp. dried mint, olive oil, 300 g tomatoes, 1 tbsp. l. lemon juice, salt. Peel onions and apples, cut into medium-sized cubes. Dip the tomatoes in boiling water, dip in cold water and remove the skin and cut into pieces. Grind pepper and cucumbers. Mix everything, pour a little whipped mixture of lemon juice and oil, salt, sprinkle with dried mint.

Italian soup with tomatoes

300 g beans, 200 g carrots, 2 celery stalks, 150-200 g onions, 3 cloves of garlic, 200 g zucchini, 500 g tomatoes, 5-6 tbsp. l. sunflower oil, bay leaf, basil, oregano, salt and pepper. Soak the beans until they swell, and boil until fully cooked. Vegetables - garlic, half a carrot, 1 stalk of celery, onion - cut and cook broth from them. Add salt and spices. Remove skin from tomatoes. Heat oil in a saucepan, fry the remaining chopped onion, garlic, then add tomato slices. When the vegetables are stewed, add 300 ml of broth, sliced ​​\u200b\u200bzucchini, celery and the remaining carrots. When the vegetables are almost ready, add the beans and cook for another 20 minutes. Serve with fresh herbs.

Turkey pasta soup

500 g turkey, 100 g onion, 2 tbsp. l. butter, 100 g carrots, 150-200 g pasta, 300-400 g potatoes, pepper, salt to taste. Rinse the turkey meat, pat dry and cut into small pieces. Put the meat in a saucepan, pour in cold water and put on fire. Cook until the turkey is done. Remove foam regularly. After 20 minutes, pour out the first broth and collect new water. Continue cooking the meat, salt at the end of cooking. Strain the finished broth and put it on fire again, boil, add onions, pasta, carrots and cook until tender. Throw the turkey meat into the soup, let it boil. Garnish the finished soup with parsley or dill.

Chicken thighs stewed with carrots and onions

4 chicken legs, 300 g carrots, 200 g onions, 250 ml cream (up to 15%), black pepper, vegetable oil, cloves, salt. Cut the chicken legs into pieces, fry in hot oil until golden brown. Peel the onion, finely chop. Grate carrots or cut into thin slices. Add vegetables, spices to meat, salt and pepper. Pour the cream over the chicken legs and simmer for about 20 minutes under the lid. Serve with boiled buckwheat.

diet chocolate

200 g butter, 2-3 tbsp. l. cocoa, sweetener of your choice. Melt the butter in a saucepan, add cocoa and cook, stirring, until the mass is smooth and homogeneous. Pour sugar substitute into chocolate, mix. Divide the mixture into molds and place in the freezer. If desired, you can add pieces of dried apples, nuts, seeds, a pinch of pepper or dry mint to chocolate.

We offer you to familiarize yourself with the list of products that you can and which doctors advise against eating. Please note that only the attending physician can give an exact list of recommended dishes.

You can include in the menu:

• Mushroom, vegetable soups, hated broths, okroshka, cold drinks
• lean meat
• Bread, both from wheat and rye flour, with bran
• Boiled or baked fish
• Milk and dairy products
• Almost all cereals, except rice, semolina and corn
• Vegetables can be eaten boiled, raw or baked. Potatoes - based on your carbohydrate intake
• Unsweetened fruits and berries, jellies, compotes, marshmallows, marshmallows, sweets with sweeteners
• Teas, including herbal teas, as well as decoctions of wild rose, blueberries, strawberries, unsweetened juices

Do not abuse:

• Concentrated broths
• Fatty meat and fish
• Sweet dough products
• Salty and very fatty cheeses, sweet curds, heavy cream
• Marinades and pickles, sweet fruits, dried fruits
• Confectionery, carbonated drinks with sugar

Take 10-15 minutes a day to think over the menu for tomorrow, and you are guaranteed to feel good and cheerful!