Fire dogs. Fire by Leo Tolstoy Tolstoy fire is the main idea for the reader's diary

Lev Tolstoy

It often happens that children are left in houses on fires in cities and cannot be pulled out, because they will hide and remain silent from fright, and it is impossible to see them from the smoke. For this, dogs are trained in London. These dogs live with the firemen, and when the house catches fire, the firemen send the dogs to pull the children out. One such dog in London saved twelve children; her name was Bob.

The house caught fire once. And when the firemen arrived at the house, a woman ran out to them. She cried and said that a two-year-old girl remained in the house. The firemen sent Bob. Bob ran up the stairs and disappeared into the smoke. Five minutes later he ran out of the house and in his teeth carried the girl by the shirt. The mother rushed to her daughter and wept for joy that her daughter was alive. The firemen petted the dog and examined it to see if it was burned; but Bob was rushing back into the house. The firemen thought there was something else alive in the house and let him in. The dog ran into the house and soon ran out with something in his mouth. When the people saw what she was carrying, everyone burst out laughing: she was carrying a big doll.

One of the granddaughters, Masha (she was three years old), opened the stove, heated coals into a crock and went into the hallway. And in the passage lay sheaves. The women prepared these sheaves for the tie.

Masha brought coals, put them under the sheaves and began to blow. When the straw began to catch fire, she was delighted, went to the hut and led her brother Kiryushka by the hand (he was one and a half years old, and he had just learned to walk), and said:
- Look, Kilyuska, what a stove I have blown up. The sheaves were already burning and crackling. When the passage was covered with smoke, Masha got frightened and ran back to the hut. Kiryushka fell on the threshold, bruised his nose and wept; Masha dragged him into the hut, and they both hid under a bench. Grandmother heard nothing and slept.
The eldest boy Vanya (he was eight years old) was on the street. When he saw that smoke was pouring out of the passage, he ran through the door, slipped through the smoke into the hut and began to wake up his grandmother; but the grandmother lost her sleep and forgot about the children, jumped out and ran through the yards after the people.
Masha, meanwhile, sat under the bench and was silent; only the little boy was screaming because he had hurt his nose. Vanya heard his cry, looked under the bench and shouted to Masha:
- Run, you'll burn!
Masha ran into the passage, but it was impossible to get through because of the smoke and the fire. She came back. Then Vanya raised the window and ordered her to climb in. When she climbed through, Vanya grabbed his brother and dragged him. But the boy was heavy and was not given to his brother. He cried and pushed Vanya. Vanya fell twice while dragging him to the window, the door in the hut was already on fire. Vanya put the boy's head through the window and wanted to push it through; but the boy (he was very frightened) grabbed hold of his little hands and did not let them go. Then Vanya shouted to Masha:
- Get him on the head! - and he pushed from behind. And so they dragged him out the window into the street and jumped out themselves.

It happens sometimes that in cities, children remain in houses on fires and cannot be pulled out, because they hide from fright and are silent, and it is impossible to see from the smoke. For this, dogs are trained in London. These dogs live with the firemen, and when the house catches fire, the firemen send the dogs to pull the children out. One such dog in London saved twelve children; her name was Bob.

sparrow and swallow

Once I stood in the yard and looked at the nest of swallows under the roof. Both swallows flew away in my presence, and the nest was left empty.

While they were away, a sparrow flew off the roof, jumped onto the nest, looked back, flapped its wings and darted into the nest; then he stuck his head out and chirped.

Soon after, a swallow flew to the nest. She poked herself into the nest, but as soon as she saw the guest, she squeaked, beat her wings on the spot and flew away.

The sparrow sat and chirped.

Suddenly a herd of swallows flew in: all the swallows flew up to the nest - as if in order to look at the sparrow, and flew away again.

Sparrow was not shy, turned his head and chirped.

The swallows again flew up to the nest, did something and flew away again.

It was not for nothing that the swallows flew up: they each brought dirt in their beaks and gradually covered up the hole in the nest.

Again the swallows flew away and again flew in and covered up the nest more and more, and the hole became tighter and tighter.

At first the sparrow's neck was visible, then one head, then the spout, and then nothing was visible; the swallows completely covered it in the nest, flew away and whistled around the house.

Hares feed at night. In winter, forest hares feed on the bark of trees, field hares - on winter crops and grass, bean goose - on grains on the threshing floor. During the night, hares make a deep, visible trail in the snow. Before hares, hunters are people, and dogs, and wolves, and foxes, and crows, oh eagles. If the hare walked simply and straight, then in the morning he would now be found on the trail and caught, but cowardice saves him.

The hare walks through the fields at night without fear and makes straight tracks; but as soon as morning comes, his enemies wake up: the hare begins to hear either the barking of dogs, or the screech of sleighs, or the voices of men, or the crackling of a wolf in the forest, and begins to rush from side to side from the rhinestone. It will jump forward, be frightened of something and run back on its trail. He will hear something else - and with all his might he will burp to the side and jump away from the previous trace. Again something hits - again the hare will turn back and again jump to the side. When it becomes light, he will lie down.

The next morning, the hunters begin to disassemble the hare's trail, get confused by double tracks and distant jumps, and are surprised at the cunning of the hare. And the hare did not think to be cunning. He's just afraid of everything.

The hare lived in the winter near the village. When night came, he raised one already, listened; then he picked up another, moved his whiskers, sniffed and sat on his hind legs. Then he jumped once or twice in the deep snow and again sat on his hind legs and began to look around. There was nothing to be seen on all sides except snow. The snow lay in waves and shone like sugar. There was frosty steam above the hare's head, and through this steam large bright stars could be seen.

The hare needed to cross the high road again in order to come to the familiar threshing floor. On the high road one could hear the skids squealing, the horses snorting, the chairs in the sledges creaking.

The hare again stopped beside the road. The muzhiks walked beside the sleigh with the collars of their caftans turned up. Their faces were barely visible. Their beards, mustaches, eyelashes were sweaty, and frost stuck to the sweat. Horses pushed in collars, dived, emerged in potholes. The men overtook, overtook, overtook, beat the horses with whips. Two old men walked side by side, and one told the other how his horse had been stolen.

When the convoy passed, the hare jumped over the road and slowly went to the threshing floor. The dog from the convoy saw a hare. She barked and ran after him. The hare galloped to the threshing floor on Saturdays; hares were detained by suboi, and the dog on the tenth jump tied up in the snow and stopped. Then the hare also stopped, sat on its hind legs and slowly walked towards the threshing floor. On the way, on the greenery, he met two birds with one stone. They fed and played. The hare played with his comrades, dug frosty snow with them, ate winter and went on. All was quiet in the village, the lights were out. They only heard the cry of a child in the hut through the walls and the crackle of frost in the logs of the huts. The hare went to the threshing floor and found comrades there. He played with them on the cleared current, ate oats from the old trough, climbed up the snow-covered roof onto the barn, and through the wattle fence went back to his ravine.

Dawn shone in the east, there were fewer stars, and even thicker frosty vapor rose above the earth. In a nearby village, the women woke up and went for water; the peasants carried food from the Humen, the children screamed and cried. On the way I chose a higher spot, dug up the snow, lay down on my back in a new hole, laid my ears on my back and fell asleep with my eyes open.

The eagle built his nest on the high road, far from the sea, and brought out the children.

Once people worked under a tree, and an eagle flew up to the nest with a big fish in its claws. People saw the fish, surrounded the tree, shouted and threw stones at the eagle.

The eagle dropped the fish, and the people picked it up and left.

The eagle sat on the edge of the nest, and the eaglets raised their heads and began to squeak: they asked for food.

The eagle was tired and could not fly again to the sea; he descended into the nest, covered the eaglets with his wings, caressed them, straightened their feathers, and seemed to ask them to wait a little. But the more he caressed them, the louder they squealed.

Then the eagle flew away from them and sat on the top bough of the tree.

The eagles whistled and squealed even more plaintively.

Then the eagle suddenly screamed loudly, spread its wings and flew to the sea.

He returned only late in the evening: he flew quietly and low above the ground, in his claws he again had a big fish.

When he flew up to the tree, he looked around to see if there were people nearby again, quickly folded his wings and sat on the edge of the nest.

The eaglets raised their heads and opened their mouths, and the eagle tore the fish and fed the children.

Lesson of extracurricular reading Grade 2.

Teacher - Kildibekova I.I.

Subject: L.N. Tolstoy "Fire".

Goals: Educational - to continue acquaintance with literary genres based on the work of L.N. Tolstoy "Fire"; repeat the works of famous authors about the fire; teach selective reading.

Developing - develop oral speech, teach to reason,

develop thinking through the analysis of the actions of heroes, the ability to compare, draw conclusions; expand the horizons of students through the use of additional information and literature, interest in literature.

Educating - careful handling of fire, a friendly attitude towards each other, a culture of speech.

During the classes:

1. Organizational moment.

The bell rang for us

The lesson starts.

Try to understand everything

Lots of new things to learn.

2.Updating knowledge.

Guys, guess the riddle.

Runs, sparkles, shimmers, shimmers,

And if you touch it - it burns, bites? (Fire).

Guys, do you know how fire appeared on Earth?

Do you want to know? Egor will tell us about this (fire from lightning, how people maintained fire, the sacredness of fire). A drawing of fire on the board.

There is also a legend about the appearance of fire on earth. You can get acquainted with it in this book "Myths of Ptolemy", which can be borrowed from the school library.

Guys, do any of you know how to get fire?

(during friction, when hitting stone on stone)

Since ancient times, people have learned to make fire, considered it sacred, but why did people need it so much?

What are the benefits of fire? (children's answers)

The words are hung on the board: - warms

Illuminates

Cooking food

Well done boys.

But is fire only beneficial? (No)

And about the harm that fire can cause, you yourself will remember from the works you know.

Group work.

Each group receives its own task (an excerpt from a poem).

S.Ya.Marshak. "Fire".

Lena opened the door -

The fire jumped from the log,

Burned the floor in front of the stove

Climb up the tablecloth on the table,

Ran over the chairs with a bang,

Crawled up the curtains.

S.Ya.Marshak "The Story of an Unknown Hero".

A lot of people crowded on the panel.

People looked under the roof in alarm:

There from the window

Through the fiery smoke

hands child

Stretched out to them.

K.I. Chukovsky "Confusion".

And the chanterelles

They took the matches

Let's go to the blue sea

The blue sea was lit.

The sea is on fire

A whale ran out of the sea:

"Hey firefighters, run!!

Help, help!"

Thank you! Well done!

What do all three works have in common? (fire theme)

In what work that you read at home did you meet

The word FIRE?

Who wrote this work? (L.N. Tolstoy).

What genre does this piece belong to? (Verse, story, fable, epic), (story, it tells about an event that happened).

3. Message of the topic and purpose of the lesson.

Guys, look at the blackboard and say what will be discussed in the lesson? (We will work on the work of Leo Tolstoy "Fire" and find out if fire is always our friend).

4. Phys. Minute. Eye charger. To the music.

5. Vocabulary work.

We open our eyes. - What changed? (words appear on the blackboard).

What are we going to do now and why is it necessary?

(we will analyze incomprehensible, complex words)

LIFE

SENI

SVYASLA

SHEETS

SHALELA

How and where can you find out the meaning of these words?

Who can explain the meaning of these words?

(show sheaves, according to Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary we find the meaning of the word stunned - lost her mind from fright, great surprise)

6.Checking reading comprehension.

At home, you familiarized yourself with the content of the text. - Did you like this story?

Why is this story called "Fire"?

Who are the main characters of this work?

What is the main idea of this story?

What is FIRE? (this is a disaster, the death of nature, people)

The dictionary gives such an explanation of this word - unintentional ignition of objects through negligence, due to careless handling of fire.

What happened in the story?

And who is to blame for this?

What was this girl's name?

7. Work on the content of the text. Selective reading.

Find the answer in the text and read it.

Why did Masha do this?

(she was bored, interested, curious) a mark is put for reading.

How did the children behave when the fire started? Read out. Grade.

What was wrong with the kids?

(wake up grandma and run out of the house)

Let's find a passage that tells about the heroic deed of Vanya's older brother. Read out. Grade.

8. The result of the lesson.

All the stories of Leo Tolstoy necessarily teach us something. What did this story teach?

What conclusion did you make for yourself? Guys' answers.

When can fire become not a friend, but an enemy, and on whom does it depend?

Do you know what number to call in such a situation?

Who will come to our aid?

firefighter phone picture 01

Why do we have to turn to people of this profession,

you will see now.

STAGE (two students)

D.-What should we do? M.- What would you do?

Oops, I think I figured it out!

(pulls matches out of pocket, tries to light them)

Let's make a fire with you.

D. - That's great! Let's! Light up, fire up!

An adult appears.

Vzr.- Oh, what are you doing?

Well, what are you shouting, is it a fire?

Vzr. “If I don’t stop you in time, the fire cannot be avoided!”

Oh oh oh! Because of some tiny match, a fire? Well, you made me laugh!

Vzr. - Yes! - Really, guys!? We know that matches are not a toy. When we are careless with fire, it becomes our enemy! Choral reading of the last phrase.

Many thanks to our artists. Evaluation.

Reflection. Continue the offer

I found out…..

I understand….

I thought...

I like it….

I wanted….

In the next lesson, we will continue to study the work of Leo Tolstoy and talk about the play "Love those who offend you."

Are you interested in the title? Do you want to know what this play is about?

How is the play different from other literary genres?

9. D.Z. pp.72-74 chit. Write down and find an explanation for difficult words. Pick up proverbs.

In the harvest, the men and women went to work. Only the old and the young remained in the village. A grandmother and three grandchildren remained in one hut. Grandmother fired up the stove and lay down to rest. Flies landed on her and bit her. She covered her head with a towel and fell asleep. One of the granddaughters, Masha (she was three years old), opened the stove, heated coals into a crock and went into the hallway. And in the passage lay sheaves. The women prepared these sheaves for the tie. Masha brought coals, put them under the sheaves and began to blow. When the straw began to catch fire, she was delighted, went to the hut and brought her brother, Kiryushka, by the hand (he was one and a half years old, and he had just learned to walk), and said: “Look, Kilyuska, what a stove I blew up.” Sheaves were already burning and crackling. When the passage was covered with smoke, Masha got frightened and ran back to the hut. Kiryushka fell on the threshold, bruised his nose and wept; Masha dragged him into the hut, and they both hid under a bench. Grandmother heard nothing and slept. The eldest boy, Vanya (he was eight years old), was on the street. When he saw that smoke was pouring out of the passage, he ran through the door, slipped through the smoke into the hut and began to wake up his grandmother; but the grandmother went dazed and forgot about the children, jumped out and ran through the yards after the people. Masha, meanwhile, sat under the bench and was silent; only the little boy was screaming because he had hurt his nose. Vanya heard his cry, looked under the bench and shouted to Masha: "Run, you'll burn!" Masha ran into the passage, but it was impossible to get through because of the smoke and the fire. She came back. Then Vanya raised the window and ordered her to climb in. When she climbed through, Vanya grabbed his brother and dragged him. But the boy was heavy and was not given to his brother. He cried and pushed Vanya. Vanya fell twice while dragging him to the window, the door in the hut was already on fire. Vanya put the boy's head through the window and wanted to push it through; but the boy (he was very frightened) grabbed hold of his little hands and did not let them go. Then Vanya shouted to Masha: “Drag him by the head!” - and he pushed from behind. And so they dragged him out the window into the street and jumped out themselves.