Who are special people. The life of a special sergeant is hard and unsightly. Formation of a special department

7.4. Retaliation detachments against the starving Answering the question, what is the reason for the terrible famine that befell Russia in 1932-1933, the authors S. Rybas and E. Rybas in the work “Stalin. Fate and Strategy" states: "The cause of the famine was not the excessive export of grain, but the creation

Not many people knew that the battalion had an operative of a special department, and in the common people a "special officer".
And what was he doing? Is he needed?
Judge for yourself, but in those countries where there are no state security (national security) officers in the armed forces, military coups take place, combat readiness and discipline are not at the proper level, malpractice, corruption and embezzlement flourish.
In our country, in the armed forces, Special Departments were formed on December 19, 1918. They have passed along with the armed forces of our state for 96 years and have proven themselves positively.
Not many people know that during the years of repression, 44,000 security officials were repressed.
In addition, a lot of employees died during the Second World War. And even now the principle employees of military counterintelligence are “like a bone in the throat of individual commanders.” They uphold a principled position, ensure the protection of state secrets, do not allow the plundering of military property and equipment, and abuse of official position.
I want to tell an incident that happened to me in the city of Moscow on Lubyanskaya Square, from where Myasnitskaya Street begins.
I went to B. Lubyanka and saw a woman who was collecting signatures against the restoration of the monument to F.E. Dzerzhinsky. Two young guys approached her, and she tells them that he, F.E. Dzerzhinsky, guilty of repressions in 1937.
The guys began to put their signatures, and I asked the woman: “When F.E. Dzerzhinsky? She replied that she did not know. I said that he died in 1926, since he could be guilty of the repressions of 1937. I recommended to young guys: “Before putting your signature, think about what you put it under. If you don’t know, then it’s better to pass by, then study this issue more carefully, don’t trust anyone’s word. And the woman quickly gathered her things and ran away.
This I mean that the security agencies and the Special Departments, including, have never stuck out the results of their work and achievements. They work quietly. It is not for nothing that in some garrisons the employees of the Special Departments were called "be silent, be silent."
I knew many special officers, I can’t say that they were all perfect. There are probably no perfect people. Each of us has some shortcomings.
But we tried not to violate the basic installation of F.E. Dzerzhinsky: “The Chekist must be with clean hands, cold head and warm heart. Most of the security officers in the troops speak several foreign languages, they are cultural, legally savvy, a kind of psychologists.
I personally know three foreign languages. Oleg Afanasiev said correctly, it all depends on the person.
When I arrived in Kandahar in the air assault battalion, I was told that the paratroopers do not respect cowards. And I went to all combat.
Battalion commander Dunaev Valery Nikolaevich, although at first glance he was harsh, he constantly worried about each of his subordinates. On the combat battalion commander, one or two paratroopers were attached to me.
Once two paratroopers, two brothers of Veliksa from Latvia, saved my life by covering me with their bodies when
shot. To be honest, I did not even have time to understand what happened.
The always cheerful deputy technical officer Yurilin Viktor took out and secured an armored personnel carrier - 70 for me. He made a “candy” out of it, despite the fact that there were only BMP-2s in the battalion.
I have never had problems with providing the APC with fuel, spare parts and ammunition.
Dmitry Shemyakin, deputy battalion commander for airborne training, repeatedly gave me combat training lessons during combat operations.
Once in combat, he drove me under the armor, but he himself did not have time to hide and received a head injury. I can only say a big thank you to them for the good attitude towards the employee; the combat experience that I received and which was still very useful to me; for the lessons of establishing psychological contact, both with the command and with the personnel of combat units. I never felt like an outsider or superfluous in the battalion.
You can say a lot of good things about the officers and ensigns of our battalion and write about those interesting moments that happened to all of us in combat. Yes, and ordinary paratroopers had many interesting moments in the course of military operations.
When I got to Afghanistan for the second time, I was already serving a sapper battalion. The sappers told me that going to combat as part of an air assault unit was trifles, and they suggested that I go through the mines with a probe when clearing areas of the terrain. Only after that, the sappers accepted me into their team. When serving the hospital, I had to be at the autopsy of dead servicemen in order to establish the true causes of their death.

Take my word for it, it's also very hard, especially when you knew the person. Of course, it was easier for me when servicing communications units.
During my military service in the Black Sea Fleet, for three years I became a radio mechanic of the 1st class, a radio relay operator of the 2nd class, an antenna operator of the 3rd class, a projectionist and a hairdresser. Subsequently, all this to me
very useful. Specialists have to know their units, their features, material part. Employees of the Special Department are constantly on the cutting edge of all events.
Therefore, the ability to work with people is our main task. But people are different...
In the course of communication with them, we improve our professional experience. I have always had a motto: "Live and learn". True, some guys supplement it: "... but you will still die a fool."
Of course, it is not possible to know everything, but we must strive for this. Life forces. You have to constantly fight. Therefore, an assessment can be given to a specific person, but not to a department or combat unit as a whole. The stated point of view may also be erroneous. And then what?
It's easy to offend a person, but it's hard to make him a friend.
I have always respected all military personnel serving in the Kandahar airborne assault battalion, whether they are officers, ensigns or paratroopers. In response, I received the same benevolent attitude towards myself.
I am very grateful to you dear paratroopers.

Sincerely, Specialist V.I.

P.S.
Personally, I never divide those who served in the battalion into true paratroopers and not really, and it would be stupid to do this in a unit that was conditionally recruited in a 50 to 50 ratio.
In any position there were people who, regardless of rank, are remembered either with a kind word or not.
... All the "specialists" - mechanics-drivers and gunners-operators of the BMP, medical instructors - they all came from infantry training, because the BMP is not a landing vehicle.
But nevertheless, all of us who served in the Kandahar air assault battalion are paratroopers!
... Is there a saying that there are no former KGB officers? Why should this only apply to them?
There are no former paratroopers of the Kandahar airborne assault battalion either!

Gorin Oleg

For those who served in the army, especially in officer positions, it is well known who the "specialists" are. These are representatives of the KGB (and now the FSB) in the army units. Their main task at all times was to carry out work to prevent the intelligence activities of the enemy (acting and probable) in the army. In fact, these are army counterintelligence officers.
Their activities were of a very specific nature, they quietly, inconspicuously carried out their work, using only methods known to them. They were jokingly called "shut up, shut up."
As a rule, ordinary officers of the military level became "special officers", as if, "extracted" from the troops and returned back to the army units after special training and already working there as "special officers".
They had fairly large powers, and in matters of their competence they went directly to the commanders of the units to which they were attached. The commanders were obliged to provide them with all possible assistance and assistance in solving special problems.
However, this did not in any way give the "special officers" the right to intervene in matters of combat and political training, or to command personnel of any levels and units of the military body.
I must say that they never did this, they had enough of their own worries, however, in any family there is a black sheep. Unfortunately, even in this environment there were overly ambitious or simply not smart officers who sometimes allowed their powers to be exceeded.
“Grandfather Zhenya” once told me about one such case from his life at our next meeting.

It was the 38th year. The situation in the Far East was extremely tense. The Japanese became quite insolent, provocations at the border became commonplace. In this situation, says Emelyan Filaretovich, the regiment was mastering the new I-16 fighters that had just been received under the rearmament program. This car was special, in it the aircraft designer Polikarpov tried to combine speed and maneuverability as much as possible, which he succeeded brilliantly, but nothing is given just like that without loss. The car turned out to be quite difficult to manage and required good flight training from the pilots.
The regiment intensively mastered the new aircraft, the flights went on daily, with maximum intensity, because there was no time for "relaxation". The command to engage in hostilities could be received at any moment.
Technology always remains technology, especially new, not quite "trimmed". Problems, of course, arose, but where can you get away from them. Once in flight, when landing at my own place, the general recalls, one landing gear wheel did not release on the plane and I had to land the car on the only other one, but everything, thank God, worked out. However, there were no serious accidents, let alone catastrophes.
On this day, one plane "bounced" during landing, i.e. after touching, he poked his nose into the ground and damaged the propeller blades. This happens, most often, when, for one reason or another, the landing gear wheels jam after landing.
The case, of course, is not pleasant, but not from the category of "state of emergency". The flights that day were led by my deputy. He informed me about the incident and I immediately hurried to the airfield. However, a few minutes earlier, senior lieutenant Krutilin, a regimental "special officer", had rolled there on a bicycle.
He was a "lad", I'll tell you Kostya, not pleasant, all the time he "poked his nose" into other people's business and tried to command not only the flight and technical staff, but even, sometimes, squadron commanders. More than once I had to carefully put it in its place, but, nevertheless, smoothing out the “sharp corners”, trying to resolve conflict situations as diplomatically as possible.
However, what happened this time pissed me off!
I found that flights have been stopped. What's the matter, I ask the deputy why we don't fly?
- Senior Lieutenant Krutilin, the deputy reports, ordered to stop flights, due to an accident on the airfield. I did not begin to conflict, I decided to wait for you.
Where is he, I ask?
- Yes, he is standing aside with his bicycle.
Send a soldier, tell him I'm calling him here.
Krutilin approached with an unleashed gait, without saying a word, showing with his whole appearance that he was the real master in the regiment.
Comrade senior lieutenant, why weren't you taught in the army how to approach and report to a senior commander when he calls you?
- And you are not my boss, so that I report to you!
Everyone was taken aback, they didn’t even expect such “greyness” from him, they looked at what I would do in response. It was clearly visible that Krutilin was provoking me to an inadequate act, so that I would break loose and do something that I had no right to do, or pass before him in front of my subordinates.
Get out of here, and without my personal permission, your foot on the airfield should not be!
- Well, you major will regret it bitterly - Krutilin, who turned white with anger and annoyance, squeezed out of himself, grabbed a bicycle and drove off from the airfield.
I gave the command to continue flying and left for the headquarters of the regiment. No one saw Krutilin again at the regiment's location, and a day later I was summoned to the commander.
Blucher had the head of the political department of the Army and the head of a special department.
Reported, as expected, on arrival. The commander greeted him and, with a gesture of his hand, invited the head of the special department to ask questions.
- Comrade major, explain why you expelled a representative of the special department from the regiment, or did you decide to catch spies in the regiment yourself?
- No way, comrades colonel, no one kicked Krutilin out of the regiment, but only from the airfield, where he, during flights, has no right to enter without the permission of the leader.
- And he did not allow him?
- He did not ask permission from the head of flights, moreover, he ordered to stop flights.
- And what, he stopped?
- Yes, before my arrival at the airfield.
- And who has the right to stop or continue flights?
- Only the flight director and personally I am the regiment commander.
- And what about Krutilin, how did he explain his actions to you?
- No way, I started to be rude in front of the personnel, so I put him out of the airfield and told him to appear at the airfield, if necessary, during flights, with my personal permission.
- So you didn't kick him out of the regiment?
- Of course, what right would I have for this, and why, I understand that spies will still have to be caught, and this is his business.
- Yes, that's for sure!
The head of the special department smiled, got up and turned to Blucher.
- Comrade commander, I have no more questions for the major.
- And I, especially, answered Vasily Konstantinovich. Do you have any questions for us?
- In working order, if you will, I replied.
- Well, that's agreed, summed up the conversation Blucher.
- May I go?
- Yes, of course, go to work.

Krutilin was removed from the regiment, a captain was sent in return, a good, intelligent officer, with whom a common language was immediately found and all issues were resolved without problems.
And fate brought Krutilin together again, already at war. He came to my regiment to ask, he did not want to go to the infantry, they say, we are old acquaintances in the Far East. Naturally, I put it there, I knew what kind of goose it was.
- Emelyan Filaretovich, well, in general, this sore subject, repressions, how did you manage to avoid all this?
- This is the 37th year, I then fought in Spain, and when I returned, everything was already gone. As you can see, even conflict situations with "special officers" were resolved objectively, no one was arrested or brought to trial "for no reason". And even more so during the war, it was necessary to fight, people died, each pilot, and even more so the commander, was on special records, without a serious reason they did not touch anyone. In my regiment and then in the division, no one was ever arrested in the line of a special department.
And what about Stalin, what was he like?
- I saw him quite close at various events several times. He was a serious person and very authoritative. There really was something unusual about him. Deeply respected. In any case, I personally have nothing bad to say about him. Well, I didn’t have to communicate, after all, the level is incomparably different. But I met with Marshal Zhukov many times. It was he who personally asked me to go to China as the chief military adviser.
- What, so already asked?
- Yes, that's right, because the work there was special. Of course, I took his request as an order, I didn’t even think about it, so it’s necessary, then it’s necessary, but this is a separate story.
Okay, let's go drink tea, Nila Pavlovna has already been waiting for us.

Kyiv. December 2011

Under the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR. Later, with the formation of special departments of the fronts, military districts, fleets, armies, flotillas and special departments under the provincial Cheka, a unified centralized system of security agencies in the troops was created. In 1934-38. military counterintelligence, as a Special, then - the 5th Department, is part of the Main Directorate of State Security (GUGB) of the NKVD of the USSR. In March 1938, with the abolition of the GUGB, on the basis of the 5th Department, the 2nd Directorate (special departments) of the NKVD of the USSR was created. Already in September 1938, the Special Department was recreated as the 4th Department of the GUGB. Subordinate - special departments (OO) in the Red Army, the Red Army, the troops of the NKVD.

Ranks, uniforms and insignia

The Regulations on special bodies of the GUGB of the NKVD of the USSR, announced on May 23, 1936 by the joint order of the NPO / NKVD of the USSR No. OO GUGB of the NKVD of the USSR and the Directorate for the command staff of the Red Army, employees of special bodies who had a military or special military-technical education or army command experience were granted the right to wear uniforms and insignia of the command or military-technical staff of the units they serve.

At the same time, the personnel of the central apparatus of the OO GUGB of the NKVD of the USSR and the apparatus of special departments of the UGB of the territorial internal affairs bodies, as well as persons working outside the Red Army and the Navy and their subordinate institutions, were given the uniform of the NKVD state security officers. Both before the formation of the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs, and after July 1934, operatives of special bodies used uniforms and buttonholes (in the ground forces) or sleeve patches (in the navy) of those military units or institutions to which they were attached by service.

Insignia

For employees of special departments, insignia were established by category in accordance with their position:

11th category (2 rhombuses): - heads of department, part of the OO OGPU Center; - Secretary of the OO OGPU Center; - deputies and assistants of the head of the OO regional PP OGPU/GPU; - chiefs of the OO OGPU corps, the navy of the region, groups of troops and their deputies.

10th category (1 rhombus): - employees for special assignments, detectives of the OO OGPU Center; - Heads of departments of OO regional PP OGPU / GPU, OO NKVD VO, army, navy, navy of the region, group of troops; - chiefs of the OO OGPU division, separate brigade, flotilla.

9th category (3 rectangles): - authorized public organizations of the OGPU of the Center; - assistants to the head of the department and detectives of the OO of the regional PGPU / GPU; - detectives of the OO OGPU VO, army, navy, group of troops, divisions, brigades, flotillas.

8th category (2 rectangles): - assistants to the commissioner, assistant to the secretary of the OO OGPU Center; - authorized, secretaries of OO regional PP OGPU/GPU; - authorized public organizations of the OGPU VO, army, navy, group of troops, divisions, brigades, flotillas and regiments.

The form

After the introduction of personal ranks for the GUGB in the fall of 1935, the question of the uniform arose among the leaders of the NKVD. The regulatory documents clearly noted that the employees of special bodies of the GUGB of the NKVD "were assigned the uniforms of the units they serve," it also contained a somewhat strange condition: "... and with the insignia of the GUGB." A lively correspondence began between the People's Commissariat and the Instances. The NKVD's argument was quite understandable. Finally, on May 23, 1936, the Regulations on Special Bodies of the GUGB of the NKVD of the USSR were announced, according to which the uniform and insignia of the military-political composition of the respective branches of the armed forces according to the special ranks of the state security bodies assigned to them: - 2 rhombuses - senior major of the State Security Service; - 1 rhombus - major GB; - 3 rectangles - captain GB; - 2 rectangles - senior lieutenant of GB; - 1 rectangle - Lieutenant GB; - 3 squares - junior lieutenant and sergeant GB. Thus, the special officers, in the form of the political composition of the branch of the armed forces, to which the part served by them belonged, began to have, as it were, two ranks - the special rank of the GB itself and the rank by which they were known in the unit (for example, GB major - brigade commissar). The personnel of the central office of the OO GUGB of the NKVD of the USSR and the offices of special departments of the UGB of the territorial internal affairs bodies, as well as persons working outside the Red Army and the Navy and their subordinate institutions, were given the uniform of the state security commanders. This provision remained until 1941, when military counterintelligence for a short time passed under the jurisdiction of the People's Commissariat of Defense (On the basis of the OO GUGB NKVD, the 3rd Directorate of the NPO was formed). In May-July 1941, employees of the NGO (now already 3 Directorates / departments) began to be certified in the ranks of the political staff. After the return of military counterintelligence to the NKVD (since August 1941 - the Directorate of Special Departments of the NKVD of the USSR), special officers again began to recertify for special titles of the State Security Service. However, these recertifications had no effect on the uniform.

Until February 1941, military counterintelligence officers directly in the units wore the uniform of the served branch of the military with insignia of the political composition (the presence of political staff sleeve stars and the absence of state security sleeve insignia) and were called either special state security ranks or political ranks. The personnel of the 4th department of the Main Directorate of State Security of the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs of the USSR (from September 29, 1938 to February 26, 1941 performed the functions of military counterintelligence) wore uniforms and insignia of state security and had the title of "Sergeant of the State Security - General Commissar of the State Security "- special titles of state security. In the period from February 1941 to July-August 1941, military counterintelligence officers also wore the uniform of the service branch with the insignia of the political composition and had only the rank of political staff. Employees of the central office (3rd Directorate of the NPO) in the same period wore the uniform of the State Security Service and special titles of the State Security Service (Head of the 3rd Directorate of the NPO, Major GB A. N. Mikheev, Deputy Head - Major GB N. A. Osetrov, and so on) . On July 17, 1941, with the formation of the Department of Special Departments of the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs of the USSR, counterintelligence officers in the troops switched to special ranks of the State Security Service (but they also probably used the ranks of political staff). The uniform remained the same - the political staff.

On April 19, 1943, on the basis of the Directorate of Special Departments of the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs of the USSR, the Main Directorate of Counterintelligence "Smersh" was created with its transfer to the jurisdiction of the People's Commissariat of Defense of the USSR. Former special officers passed into the subordination of the People's Commissar of Defense. In this regard, almost all of them were awarded general army ranks, that is, without the prefix "state security" in their personal ranks. May 3, 1946 GUKR "SMERSH" NGOs of the USSR were reorganized again into the NGO MGB.

Functions of special departments

The functions of the Special Department of the NKVD (head, deputy, detectives) included monitoring the political and moral state of the unit, identifying state criminals (traitors, spies, saboteurs, terrorists, counter-revolutionary organizations and groups of people conducting anti-Soviet agitation, and others), conducting an investigation on state crimes under the supervision of the prosecutor's office and refer cases to military tribunals.

From the beginning of the war to October 1941, special departments and detachments of the NKVD troops detained 657,364 servicemen who had fallen behind their units and fled from the front. In this mass, 1505 spies and 308 saboteurs were identified and exposed. As of December 1941, special departments arrested 4,647 traitors, 3,325 cowards and alarmists, 13,887 deserters, 4,295 spreaders of provocative rumors, 2,358 self-shooters, and 4,214 people for banditry and looting.

see also

In the late 70s - early 80s of the 20th century, the functions of special departments serving military units on the Soviet-Turkish border, rather unofficially, included the function of blocking breakthroughs from the border deep into Soviet territory within the border zone. The operations were carried out in direct connection with the border groups pursuing from the border. In these operations, which do not have official confirmation, the most active part was taken by privates and sergeants of the so-called security departments of special departments, who, at times, came into fire contact with violators who managed to overcome border barriers and go deep into the territory of the USSR up to 5-7 km. Operations of this nature have never been made public and may not have been documented for the simple reason that the frontier is unbreakable. Thanks to the officers of the special departments of military counterintelligence, the soldiers and sergeants of the security departments had a very high individual combat training, allowing them to operate effectively not only as part of small, 3-5 people, mobile groups, but also individually.

Notes

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See what "Specialist" is in other dictionaries:

Employee, individualist Dictionary of Russian synonyms. Specialist noun, number of synonyms: 2 individualist (3) ... Synonym dictionary

special officer- Special Specialist, a, m. Employee of the Special Department (for example, in the army, in the security agencies); about any person who behaves in a special way. Why don't you drink, special officer or what? Pour him a penalty as a special officer ... Dictionary of Russian Argo

special officer-, a, m. An employee of a special department, a special unit. ◘ I order you, the special officer shouted, and no joke to me. He clicked the shutter. Zhitkov, 1989, 188. Special officers and tribunals got out of prison, zealously took up the search for the capture of the rebels: they caught on ... Explanatory Dictionary of the Language of Soviet Deputies

M. razg. An employee of a special department dealing with issues of political reliability and state security (in the USSR). Explanatory Dictionary of Ephraim. T. F. Efremova. 2000... Modern explanatory dictionary of the Russian language Efremova

special officer- especially ist, but ... Russian spelling dictionary

BUT; m. An employee of a special department in a military unit, at an enterprise, etc., dealing with the protection of state secrets ... encyclopedic Dictionary

special officer- a; m.; unfold An employee of a special department in a military unit, at an enterprise, etc., dealing with the protection of state secrets ... Dictionary of many expressions

special officer- special / ist / ... Morphemic spelling dictionary

especially- App. to the special…

specialty- a, f. shows some kind of special, individual rice, peculiarities ... Ukrainian glossy dictionary

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