The drug "Phenazepam": overdose, side effects, as well as a number of other characteristics. What to do if you have taken a large dose of Phenazepam? Medicinal reference book geotar

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About 20 years ago, the drug "Phenazepam" was very popular. It was used to eliminate problems with falling asleep, to combat convulsive syndrome, muscle tension. The abundance of side effects in the product and the emergence of a new generation of sedatives have led to the fact that the drug was used less frequently. It is usually prescribed to inpatients, and therapy is carried out under the supervision of medical staff. If you strictly follow the instructions for use and the doctor's recommendations, the medicine can give a good therapeutic effect at home.

Compound

The international name of the product - bromd- comes from its active ingredient. It is a white to off-white powder consisting of fine crystals that does not dissolve well in most liquids. Phenazepam tablets contain from 0.0005 to 0.0025 g of the substance. The auxiliary components are lactose, potato starch, povidone, calcium stearate and talc. In the composition of 1 ml of "Phenazepam" in the form of a solution are 0.001 g of the active substance, povidone, glycerol, sodium disulfite, polysorbate 80, sodium hydroxide and water for injection.

Release form

The sedative drug is represented by only two dosage forms. Other composition options are fake. Their use threatens with unexpected results, complications, serious adverse reactions.

The medication has the following forms of release:

• tablets - flat-cylindrical elements of white color with a chamfer. Phenazepam tablets with a concentration of 1 mg are additionally equipped with a risk;
• solution - liquid for intravenous or intramuscular administration. Packaged in 1 ml glass ampoules. Produced in cardboard boxes for 10 ampoules or cell packs of 5 and 10 pieces.

For hospitals, an additional option for packaging ampoules with a solution is provided. These are cardboard boxes with bars containing 50 or 100 ampoules of the drug.

pharmachologic effect

The therapeutic effect of "Phenazepam" refers it to the group of tranquilizers. It is a powerful psychotropic drug with sedative, hypnotic, anticonvulsant effects.

It can also relieve muscle tension, cause memory loss. In medicine, it is used to suppress fear, anxiety, eliminate excessive emotionality, anxiety.

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

The complex mechanism of action of a highly active tranquilizer gives it a number of features. All of them must be taken into account in the course of therapy, otherwise the risks of developing side effects or a negative reaction to treatment will increase significantly. Increased caution must be exercised not only during the use of the product as part of complex therapy, but also when it is used separately.

"Phenazepam" - what is it

The creation of the tranquilizer "Phenazepam" took place in the 70s of the last century. Today, as then, it is produced by complex chemical reactions. The product belongs to the group of benzodiazepines. In terms of its therapeutic properties, the drug is superior to other products from its series, as well as abenzodiazepine analogues. Initially, the tool was used in medicine to combat insomnia against the background of increased anxiety. Today it is prescribed in the treatment of depression, epileptic seizures. With its help, they improve the quality of sleep, facilitate the course of alcohol withdrawal.

Despite the effectiveness, the drug is used less and less. The reason is that the additional actions of "Phenazepam" can affect the patient's quality of life. A single or course intake of the drug can lead to the appearance of opposite effects - increased aggression, euphoria, a surge of positive emotions, severe drowsiness, irritability.

Is Phenazepam addictive?

The development of dependence on the drug is another reason for the refusal of its active use in medicine. Even the correct or short-term use of "Phenazepam" can cause addiction, similar to a narcotic. For this reason, taking the drug for medicinal purposes should be under the strict supervision of the attending physician, subject to compliance with dosages and schedules. The systematic use of a tranquilizer threatens with serious disturbances in the functioning of the body associated with disorders of the nervous system.

What is dangerous "Phenazepam"

The use of "Phenazepam" without the appointment of the attending physician threatens the development of side effects, the appearance of drug dependence, exacerbation of existing problems.

With regular intake of the product without mandatory breaks, the type of its effect on the body changes. At first, the drug provokes the appearance of positive emotions, but after some time, drowsiness becomes the most obvious consequence of therapy. If, against this background, we continue to use the medication, the benevolent mood is replaced by aggression, which is spurred on by negative experiences, and changes the psyche.

Failure to comply with the dosages of "Phenazepam" threatens the development of manifestations that are opposite to the desired effects. The patient begins to suffer from a decrease in the quality of sleep or its disorder, unreasonable fear, anxiety. Perhaps the appearance of hallucinations of various forms, delusional or obsessive ideas, even suicidal moods.

"Phenazepam" as a drug

In its pure form, the main substance of the drug is rarely used to obtain a narcotic effect. Its chemical activity can lead to unpredictable, dangerous consequences for the body. For this reason, people with addiction prefer to use Phenazepam. After more powerful compositions, it rarely gives a feeling of euphoria, but it is able to remove signs of drug withdrawal and facilitate the process of falling asleep. The ability to purchase a medicine according to a prescription prescribed by a doctor, and the low price make a potent drug affordable for many.

After the use of the drug as a narcotic drug, just giving it up will not be enough to return to normal life. It is best to carry out the withdrawal process under the supervision of health workers in a hospital setting. An outpatient therapy option developed by a narcologist is also allowed. There are several types of approach, but each of them is accompanied by a lot of unpleasant sensations, psycho-emotional pressure. Even after successful therapy, the risk of relapse remains forever high.

Pharmacodynamics "Phenazepam"

The therapeutic properties of the drug are due to the ability of the main substance (chemical name -epine) to have a direct effect on the central nervous system. This allows you to count on individual effects or a complex impact, depending on the specifics of the situation.

Types of drug action:

• psychotropic - stimulation of the amygdala complex of the limbic system leads to stress relief, elimination of anxiety, relief of fear and anxiety. In this parameter, the drug surpasses most analogues;
• sedative - the effect on the departments in the central zones of the brain stem calms the nervous system. This is manifested in a decrease in the brightness of the reaction to the action of stimuli. In parallel, psychomotor excitability decreases, which leads to a slowdown in the reaction rate, a decrease in activity, and a deterioration in attention:
• regulatory - affecting the functioning of the nervous system, the drug reduces the dependence of falling asleep on psycho-emotional, external, internal stimuli;
• sleeping pills - the process of falling asleep is simplified, sleep becomes deeper, longer, more productive;
• muscle relaxation - inhibition of spinal table reflexes leads to the elimination of skeletal muscle spasm.

Separately, experts highlight the potentiating abilities of the product. Depressingly affecting the nervous system, it enhances the effect of anesthesia, painkillers and sedatives. For this reason, the drug is not combined with drugs from these groups or therapy is carried out under the strict supervision of the medical staff.

What helps "Phenazepam", acting as a muscle relaxant

The ability of the product to relieve muscle tension is actively used in the treatment of convulsive activity. Taking the drug has a complex effect on the cortex, thalamus and visceral part of the brain. At the same time, a series of chemical reactions are triggered to enhance the basic effects of the item.

The listed medicinal properties, along with a decrease in psychomotor arousal, can cause inhibition of actions. Because of this, the tool is not prescribed to people whose safety and quality of work depend on the speed of reaction, attentiveness, and clarity of orientation. Sometimes taking a medication leads to muscle weakness or lethargy, which also needs to be taken into account when drawing up a therapy regimen.

Pharmacokinetics of "Phenazepam"

Data on the chemical and biological processes occurring in the body against the background of the use of the drug solution are not provided by the manufacturer. After entering the digestive tract of the tablet form, the drug is actively absorbed by the mucosa. It is destroyed in the liver and excreted mainly by the kidneys. Its half-life is from 6 to 18 hours, which depends on the rate of metabolic processes in the body of a particular person. The complete elimination of metabolites takes about a week. This indicator may increase with a decrease in the functionality of the kidneys or liver.

How long does Phenazepam start to work?

The rate of response of the drug depends on the type of dosage form used and the method of delivery of the active substance to the brain. With intravenous administration of the solution, the effect manifests itself after 3-5 minutes due to the instantaneous transportation of the main component with the blood stream. Intramuscular use of the drug leads to a reaction in 10-15 minutes. Taking tablets gives the slowest development of the therapeutic effect - the first manifestations occur after 20-30 minutes, they reach a peak between one and two hours.

The latest data is especially important when using "Phenazepam" as a sleeping pill. For many people with insomnia, taking one tablet of the drug with an active substance of 0.5 mg half an hour before bedtime improves the quality of rest. If this approach does not work, then it is strictly forbidden to repeat the use of the remedy or to increase the dosage on your own next time.

How long does Phenazepam work?

Regardless of the type of dosage form and the method of its administration, the therapeutic effect of the drug lasts from 6-8 to 12 hours. It doesn't last more than a day. Despite the fact that the decomposition products of the chemical compound remain in the body for several more days, they cannot cause any clinical reactions or side effects.

How long can you take "Phenazepam"

Only the attending physician can decide how long you can drink or inject Phenazepam. The timing of therapy directly depends on the type of problem, its severity, and a number of additional factors. Experts recommend limiting one-time use of the medication. If it is necessary to conduct a course based on tranquilizers, preference is given to less dangerous and aggressive products.

In situations where prolonged use of the drug cannot be avoided, they try to limit the duration of treatment to 1-2 weeks. This allows you to achieve a stable therapeutic effect, but not lead to the development of dependence. In rare cases, on the recommendation of a doctor and under his supervision, patients are given a tranquilizer for 1-2 months. After that, the drug should not be abandoned abruptly. Withdrawal from therapy is carried out gradually by gradually reducing the dose, using special medications.

Indications for the use of "Phenazepam"

The main indication for taking the drug is the need to relieve excessive excitation of the nervous system. These can be pathological conditions, the result of external factors, physiological characteristics or functional failures. Depending on the type of diagnosis, the dosage and schedule for taking the remedy can vary significantly, so the doctor should prescribe the drug.

Indications for the use of the drug:

• panic attack, which is accompanied by a feeling of inexplicable fear;
• anxiety disorders of various etiologies;
• convulsive syndrome on the background of epilepsy, traumatic brain injury, infectious disease, elevated body temperature;
• neurosis, as a result of a violation of the activity of certain parts of the brain. These conditions can be manifested by aggressiveness, irritability, a sense of anxiety. The drug is used in combination with other medicines as part of complex therapy;

• psychosis and other manifestations of pathological changes in the psycho-emotional background. Taking the medicine helps to cope with excessive excitability, aggression, reduces the potential risks of injuring yourself and others, and prevents new attacks;
• some forms of schizophrenia, which are accompanied by psycho-emotional arousal;
• VSD - a clinical picture, including an increase in blood pressure, tachycardia, extreme nervous excitability, allows the use of "Phenazepam" to stabilize the general condition of the patient;

• withdrawal syndrome against the background of refusal of alcohol, which is manifested by sleep disturbance, tremor of the limbs, irritability;
• phobias of various etiologies, for example, fear of flying in an airplane;
• sleep problems due to external causes, emotional disruptions, mental disorders;
• manifestations of hypochondria, which are accompanied by painful sensations, lead to the appearance of inadequate thoughts;
• nervous tic - with a low degree of effectiveness of less aggressive drugs;
• preparation for the operation. In this case, the drug performs two functions at once. Firstly, it relieves a person's emotional stress, allowing him to relax. Secondly, it enhances the effect of general anesthesia, eliminating problems during the procedure. Self-medication for such purposes is strictly prohibited - all manipulations must be controlled by an anesthesiologist.

It is important to understand that Phenazepam is not an antidepressant. His reception is not able to cheer up. The inhibitory effect of the main component can even aggravate the clinical picture of the pathology, provoking the development of a depressed state against the background of lethargy, drowsiness, and apathy.

Contraindications "Phenazepam"

The drug is included in the group of potent drugs, therefore, it has many prohibitions and application features. Its use leads to a change in the principle of operation of individual parts of the brain. This can lead to complications or even death.

Contraindications to taking the medication:

• coma - depression of the central nervous system threatens to aggravate the underlying disease, complicates the diagnosis;
• state of shock - accompanied by a drop in blood pressure, which under the influence of the drug can decrease even more;
• myasthenia gravis - pathological muscle weakness with such therapy is markedly enhanced;
• acute intoxication with drugs or alcohol - a combination of aggressive substances increases the risk of inhibition of the part of the brain responsible for breathing;
• some lung diseases - conditions that are accompanied by respiratory failure, under the influence of the drug may be aggravated;
• depression, suicidal tendencies - taking "Phenazepam" will aggravate the manifestations of the clinical picture, increasing the risk of inappropriate actions;
• acute attack of angle-closure glaucoma;
• pregnancy, especially its first trimester;
• breast-feeding;
• age up to 18 years;
• allergic status, increased susceptibility to benzodiazepines.

Taking Phenazepam, even in the absence of the listed contraindications, can be dangerous if special instructions are not followed. In old age, the basic therapeutic dose of the drug is reduced by 20-30%. At the time of treatment, a ban on driving vehicles is introduced. Its duration ranges from a day with a single dose of the drug to 3-4 days with its course use. The tool is not recommended to be combined with the use of coffee or other tonic drinks. In case of violation of the liver or kidneys, after a stroke, against the background of hepatitis, increased caution must be exercised.

Side effects of "Phenazepam"

The negative consequences of taking the medication can be associated not only with its effect on the nervous system, but also with malfunctions of other internal organs. Most often, the situation is limited to a decrease in physical activity, drowsiness, lethargy, and a feeling of constant fatigue.

Annotation to the drug indicates the possibility of developing such adverse reactions:

• decreased functionality of the central nervous system in the form of problems with concentration, dizziness, headache, speech depression, coordination disorders;

For other causes that can cause a headache, see

• dementia and senile dementia in people over 65;
• exacerbation of symptoms for which treatment was directed. Very rarely, this takes the form of insomnia, hallucinations, aggression, muscle spasms;
• decreased sexual desire in both sexes, erection problems in men;
• lowering blood pressure to pathological levels with initially low numbers;
• deterioration of the liver and kidneys due to the toxic effects of the main component on these organs;
• changes in the composition of the blood;
• dyspeptic disorders in the form of dry mouth, loss of appetite, constipation, diarrhea, nausea;
• allergic reactions of various types and severity;
• drug dependence by type of drug;
• weight loss;
• cardiac arrhythmias.

Some effects develop immediately after taking the product, others are the result of course therapy. The decision on the advisability of further use of the drug is made by the doctor based on the signs of positive dynamics of the main treatment, the severity of adverse reactions.

"Phenazepam" - instructions for use, dosage

The inhibitory effect of the active substance of the drug on the nervous system can lead to the development of serious complications. Only if you follow the schedule of admission and select the appropriate therapeutic doses of "Phenazepam" for a particular case, you can count on a pronounced therapeutic effect with minimal risks of negative consequences. Despite the presence of detailed instructions for the product, therapy is recommended to be carried out according to an individual plan.

Tablets "Phenazepam" - instructions for use

The elements are intended for oral consumption. They are swallowed with a small amount of clean water. Depending on the diagnosis, 1.5-5 mg of the active substance is shown per day, divided into 2-3 approaches. A single dose of the drug taken at night should be more than the standard daily dose. Regardless of the type of disease and the goals of therapy, the maximum daily dose of the drug is 10 mg of the main component. To avoid a negative response from the digestive system, the medication should be drunk 30-60 minutes after eating.

• sleep problems - 30 minutes before going to bed, 0.25-0.5 mg;
• neurosis, psychopathy, similar conditions - at the initial stage, the daily dose is 1.5-3 mg. Within 2-3 days, it is gradually increased to 4-6 mg;
• increased anxiety, fears, abnormal motor activity - initially the daily dose is 3 mg of the active substance. It is increased depending on the severity of the therapeutic effect;
• epilepsy - from 2 to 10 mg per day;
• withdrawal syndrome on the background of alcohol dependence - from 2.5 to 5 g per day;
• increased muscle tone - from 2 to 6 g per day;
• VSD - the first 4-5 days, 0.5-1 mg per day. If there are no side effects, the daily volume is increased by 2 times.

Solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration - instructions for use

The drug in the form of a solution is intended for intramuscular, as well as intravenous drip or jet administration. The method of application is selected by the doctor, depending on the patient's condition, the required speed of action of the drug. Single, average daily and maximum doses are similar to those recommended for the tablet form.

Universal dosages of the drug in the fight against various conditions:

• panic attacks, excitation attacks, anxiety - 3-5 mg in the initial stages of the pathology, 7-9 mg with a severe clinical picture;
• convulsive seizures - the starting dose is 0.5 g, it increases depending on the severity of the positive dynamics;
• muscle hypertonicity against the background of diseases of a neurological nature - 0.5 mg up to 2 times a day;
• alcohol withdrawal - the daily volume is selected individually and ranges from 2.5 to 5 mg of the active substance;
• preparation of the patient for surgery under general anesthesia - 3-4 mg of the component is very slowly administered intravenously.

The course of drip or injection therapy should be no more than 2 weeks. In extreme cases, it is doubled, but only under constant medical supervision. After achieving stable positive dynamics, patients are usually transferred to tablets.

Consequences of an overdose of "Phenazepam"

Exceeding therapeutic doses of the drug is dangerous to human health and life. For this reason, it can only be taken under medical supervision. The medicine is stored in places inaccessible to children. Even a slight overdose of "Phenazepam" and its analogues can lead to the development of bright side effects that usually affect the activity of the nervous system. In the list of possible symptoms include drowsiness, speech problems, inhibited reaction, tremor of the extremities, dizziness against the background of a drop in blood pressure, bradycardia.

A significant excess of the permissible dose of the product can lead to death. Usually it becomes a consequence of respiratory or cardiac arrest due to inhibition of the centers in the brain responsible for these functions. The volume of the lethal dose of the drug is individual. Also, the indicator depends on the method of taking the medicine - intravenous administration is characterized by increased risks. The likelihood of human death increases when the product is mixed with alcoholic beverages.

Attempts to cope with the consequences of an overdose of "Phenazepam" on their own threaten to worsen the situation. When warning signs appear, an ambulance should be called immediately. The specialist will introduce to the victim one of the original antidotes of the drug in order to neutralize its effect. The preparations "Anexat" or "Flumanesil" are able to block receptors, due to the irritation of which the pharmacological action of the tranquilizer is ensured. Additionally, symptomatic therapy is carried out, aimed at restoring the work of the heart and lungs, preventing coma.

Interaction

The increased chemical and biological activity of "Phenazepam" should be taken into account when conducting complex therapy. The simultaneous use of drugs with products that affect brain activity can lead to unexpected consequences. In some cases, this increases the likelihood of side effects, overdose.

The results of combining the drug with other drugs:

• nootropics ("Fenibut") - mutual enhancement of properties and effects, requiring a reduction in therapeutic doses;
• antidepressants ("Fluoxetine", "Amitriptyline") - the hypnotic and sedative effects of the tranquilizer are enhanced;
• tranquilizers ("Afobazol") - mutual enhancement of properties;

You can find detailed instructions for "Afobazol" in this

• anticonvulsants ("Finlepsin") - the anticonvulsant activity of both products increases;
• sedatives ("Corvalol") - mutually reinforcing hypnotic and sedative effects;
• narcotic analgesics ("Tramadol") - the analgesic effect becomes more pronounced;
• sleeping pills ("Sonapaks", "Donormil") - a multiple increase in pharmacological actions;
• hypotensive ("Capoten") - blood pressure decreases even more actively;
• antiviral ("Zidovudine") - the toxicity of the product intended to combat pathogens increases;
• stimulants (drugs with caffeine) - the strength of the tranquilizer is reduced.

In the case of some drugs, the interaction of chemical components does not manifest itself in any way. In particular, "Phenazepam" does not affect the effectiveness of most antibiotics, while its properties are also not affected.

Terms of sale

The drug is listed B. It cannot be purchased at a pharmacy without a prescription written by the attending physician in Latin.

Storage conditions

The product must be kept out of the reach of children and protected from sunlight. The air temperature should not exceed 25°C.

Best before date

The medicine must be used within 3 years from the date of manufacture. After that, its therapeutic effect decreases, and toxicity increases.

How to replace "Phenazepam"

Pharmacies offer a lot of benzodiazepine derivatives that act as analogues of Phenazepam. At the same time, a significant part of these products is less dangerous for the patient, despite the similarity of action, the presence of contraindications and adverse reactions. The most common are: "Nozepam", "Diazepam", "Lorafen", "Grandaxin". Also, the doctor may offer the patient Phenobarbital or Atarax.

It is necessary to be able to distinguish the analogue of "Phenazepam" from its synonym. The latter include "Fenzitat", "Fezanef", "Phenorelaxan", "Elzepam" and a number of other drugs. All of them have a similar active ingredient, but are available under different trade names.

"Phenazepam" and alcohol

The simultaneous use of drugs with alcohol is dangerous for human health and life, regardless of the volume of the components. Their combination increases the toxicity of each other, increases the risk of adverse reactions, leads to inhibition of the activity of the vital centers of the central nervous system. Even in minimal doses, such a complex of substances causes dizziness, increased fears, sweating, confusion. In some cases, people have hallucinations, there is a tendency to suicide.

It is strictly forbidden to use the drug for falling asleep on the background of alcohol intoxication. Medicinal sleep threatens with complications in the form of choking with vomit, retrograde amnesia, involuntary emptying of the bladder and intestines. Against this background, there is a high risk of respiratory arrest or an asthma attack. Even in the case of timely provision of medical care to the victim, there is a possibility of irreversible changes in his brain.

"Phenazepam" during pregnancy and lactation

The use of the product for the treatment of pregnant or lactating women is possible only for medical reasons with the permission of a doctor and if it is impossible to choose a less dangerous analogue. The effect on the body of the fetus of the active substance of the drug threatens the child with malformations when used in the first trimester. In the last weeks of the term, the aggressive component is capable of provoking the suppression of important parts of the central nervous system in the child's brain. In a newborn, this will manifest itself in the form of muscle weakness, weakened reflexes, hypothermia, and breathing problems. Long-term use of a tranquilizer by a pregnant woman threatens to develop physical dependence on the drug in a child.

The active ingredient of the drug is able to penetrate into breast milk, so it is not compatible with lactation. Once in the child's body, the substance partially decomposes, accumulating in the tissues. This leads to the development of a pronounced sedative effect, which provokes a lack of body weight in the baby due to lack of appetite.

Not a single VSDshnik passed by this drug! Phenazepam is the most famous broad-spectrum tranquilizer with a hypnotic effect.

It is difficult to find a person who has problems falling asleep, has long been familiar with vegetative-vascular dystonia, or sometimes experiences panic attacks, who is not familiar with Phenazepam. Mostly take this remedy one-time, during a panic attack or insomnia, less often phenazepam take courses, even less often - constantly. This magic pill has its pros and cons. Let's understand a little what the drug is Phenazepam.

Phenazepam. Description. Indications for appointment

Anxiolytic agent (tranquilizer) of the benzodiazepine series. It has an anxiolytic, sedative-hypnotic, anticonvulsant and central muscle relaxant effect.

The anxiolytic effect is due to the effect on the amygdala complex of the limbic system and manifested in a decrease in emotional stress, weakening anxiety, fear, anxiety.

The sedative effect is due to the effect on the reticular formation of the brain stem and nonspecific nuclei of the thalamus and manifested by a decrease in symptoms of neurotic origin (anxiety, fear).

It practically does not affect the productive symptoms of psychotic genesis (acute delusional, hallucinatory, affective disorders), rarely there is a decrease in affective tension, delusional disorders.

The hypnotic effect is associated with inhibition of the cells of the reticular formation of the brain stem. Reduces the impact of emotional, vegetative and motor stimuli that disrupt the mechanism of falling asleep.

Anticonvulsant action implemented by enhancing presynaptic inhibition, suppresses the spread of the convulsive impulse, but the excited state of the focus is not removed. The central muscle relaxant effect is due to the inhibition of polysynaptic spinal afferent inhibitory pathways (to a lesser extent, monosynaptic ones). Direct inhibition of motor nerves and muscle function is also possible.

Indications for appointment: Phenazepam is prescribed for various neurotic, neurosis-like, psychopathic and psychopathic conditions, accompanied by anxiety, fear, increased irritability, emotional lability (instability). The drug is effective for obsessions, phobias (fear), hypochondriacal syndromes (depressed state due to fear for one's health), including those resistant (resistant) to the action of other tranquilizers, it is also indicated for psychogenic psychoses, panic reactions, etc., as it relieves state of anxiety and fear. Phenazepam in terms of sedative (calming effect on the central nervous system) and mainly anti-anxiety effect is not inferior to some antipsychotics (drugs that have an inhibitory effect on the central nervous system and do not cause a hypnotic effect in normal doses).

Phenazepam is also used to stop (remove) alcohol withdrawal (a condition that occurs as a result of a sudden cessation of alcohol intake). In addition, it is prescribed as an anticonvulsant and hypnotic. By the strength of the hypnotic action, it approaches eunoctin.

Phenazepam. Instruction

Assign phenazepam inside in the form of tablets. On an outpatient basis (outside the hospital), adults are prescribed 0.00025-0.0005 g (0.25-0.5 mg) 2-3 times a day. In a hospital (hospital) the daily dose can be increased to 0.003-0.005 g (3-5 mg); in the treatment of epilepsy, the daily dose is from 0.002 to 0.01 g (2-10 mg).
To stop alcohol withdrawal, 0.0025-0.005 g (2.5-5 mg) per day is prescribed. For sleep disorders, take 0.00025-0.001 g (0.25-1 mg) 20-30 minutes before bedtime. Sometimes the dose is increased to 0.0025 g (2.5 mg). The maximum daily dose should not exceed 0.01 g.

Side effects: Possible side effects are the same as for Elenium and Seduxen. It should be borne in mind that due to the high activity of phenazepam, ataxia (impaired coordination of movements), drowsiness, muscle weakness, dizziness can be more often observed.

Contraindications: Severe myasthenia gravis (muscle weakness), severe liver and kidney dysfunction, pregnancy.

Release form: Tablets of 0.0005 and 0.001 g (0.5 and 1 mg) in a package of 20 pieces.

Attention! Before using Phenazepam, you should consult your doctor!

Special instructions: phenazepam and alcohol

In the process of treatment, patients are strictly prohibited from using ethanol. The efficacy and safety of the drug in patients under 18 years of age has not been established. With renal / liver failure and long-term treatment, it is necessary to monitor the picture of peripheral blood and "liver" enzymes. Patients who have not previously taken psychoactive drugs "respond" to the drug at lower doses, compared with patients who took antidepressants, anxiolytics, or who suffer from alcoholism.

withdrawal syndrome. addictive

Like other benzodiazepines, it has the ability to cause drug dependence with long-term use in high doses (more than 4 mg / day). With a sudden cessation of administration, a "withdrawal" syndrome may occur (depression, irritability, insomnia, increased sweating, etc.), especially with prolonged use (more than 8-12 weeks). If patients experience such unusual reactions as increased aggressiveness, acute states of arousal, fear, suicidal thoughts, hallucinations, increased muscle cramps, difficulty falling asleep, superficial sleep, treatment should be discontinued.

During the period of treatment, care must be taken when driving vehicles and engaging in other potentially hazardous activities that require an increased concentration of attention and speed of psychomotor reactions.

Phenazepam. Reviews

My personal experience in the treatment of Phenazepam is limited to just a few doses of the drug in the minimum dosage (1 / 4-1 / 2 tablets) and only as a last resort. I remember taking a couple of times when I could not sleep and one, in my opinion, once when I felt that I was having a panic attack. As a sleeping pill, phenazepam did not help me much, although the dosage must be taken into account here. I was somehow afraid to take a whole pill (although even doctors all as one say that it is absolutely safe and taking phenazepam for a week will not cause addiction), prejudice and fear of addiction worked. In my case (periodic insomnia), you will begin to be afraid of everything that can subsequently worsen the already, to put it mildly, not very good environment. But phenazepam removed the impending PA. Or maybe the effect of self-hypnosis worked ... But for me it doesn’t make much difference what worked there, the main thing is that it didn’t cover! :)

I know that very many riders periodically "dabble" with phenazepam both as an anxiety reliever and as a sleeping pill. Reviews about the drug, own observations are very interesting. Especially in occasion of a dosage and a withdrawal syndrome. Leave your comments!

Analogues

These are medicines belonging to the same pharmaceutical group, which contain different active substances (INN), differ from each other in name, but are used to treat the same diseases.

• - Tablets 500 mg
• - Substance-powder
• - Concentrate for solution for infusion
• - Nasal drops
• - Tablets 250 mg

Indications for the use of the drug Phenazepam

Neurotic, neurosis-like, psychopathic and psychopathic and other conditions (irritability, anxiety, nervous tension, emotional lability), reactive psychoses and senesto-hypochondriac disorders (including those resistant to the action of other anxiolytic drugs (tranquilizers), obsession, insomnia, withdrawal syndrome (alcoholism, substance abuse), status epilepticus, epileptic seizures (of various etiologies), temporal and myoclonic epilepsy.

In extreme conditions - as a means of facilitating overcoming feelings of fear and emotional stress.

As an antipsychotic agent - schizophrenia with hypersensitivity to antipsychotic drugs (including febrile form).

In neurological practice - muscle rigidity, athetosis, hyperkinesis, tic, autonomic lability (sympathoadrenal and mixed paroxysms).

In anesthesiology - premedication (as a component of introductory anesthesia).

Release form of the drug Phenazepam

tablets 0.5 mg; blister pack 10, carton pack 5;
tablets 0.5 mg; blister pack 25, carton pack 2;
tablets 0.5 mg; jar (jar) polymer 50, cardboard pack 1;
tablets 1 mg; blister pack 10, carton pack 5;
tablets 1 mg; blister pack 25, carton pack 2;
tablets 1 mg; jar (jar) polymer 50, cardboard pack 1;
tablets 2.5 mg; blister pack 10, carton pack 5;
tablets 2.5 mg; blister pack 25, carton pack 2;
tablets 2.5 mg; jar (jar) polymer 50, cardboard pack 1;

Compound
Tablets 1 tab.
bromd0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2.5 mg
(in terms of 100% substance)
excipients: lactose (milk sugar); potato starch; povidone (Kollidon 25); calcium stearate; talc
in a blister pack 10 or 25 pcs.; in a cardboard pack 2 (25 pcs.) or 5 (10 pcs.) packs; or in polymer cans of 50 pcs., in a cardboard pack 1 can.

Pharmacodynamics of the drug Phenazepam

Anxiolytic agent (tranquilizer) of the benzodiazepine series. It has an anxiolytic, sedative-hypnotic, anticonvulsant and central muscle relaxant effect.

Enhances the inhibitory effect of GABA on the transmission of nerve impulses. Stimulates benzodiazepine receptors located in the allosteric center of postsynaptic GABA receptors of the ascending activating reticular formation of the brain stem and intercalary neurons of the lateral horns of the spinal cord; reduces the excitability of the subcortical structures of the brain (limbic system, thalamus, hypothalamus), inhibits polysynaptic spinal reflexes.

The anxiolytic effect is due to the effect on the amygdala complex of the limbic system and is manifested in a decrease in emotional stress, weakening anxiety, fear, anxiety.

The sedative effect is due to the effect on the reticular formation of the brain stem and nonspecific nuclei of the thalamus and is manifested by a decrease in the symptoms of neurotic origin (anxiety, fear).

It practically does not affect the productive symptoms of psychotic genesis (acute delusional, hallucinatory, affective disorders), rarely there is a decrease in affective tension, delusional disorders.

The hypnotic effect is associated with inhibition of the cells of the reticular formation of the brain stem. Reduces the impact of emotional, vegetative and motor stimuli that disrupt the mechanism of falling asleep.

The anticonvulsant effect is realized by enhancing presynaptic inhibition, suppresses the spread of the convulsive impulse, but the excited state of the focus is not removed. The central muscle relaxant effect is due to the inhibition of polysynaptic spinal afferent inhibitory pathways (to a lesser extent, monosynaptic ones). Direct inhibition of motor nerves and muscle function is also possible.

Pharmacokinetics of Phenazepam

After oral administration, it is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, Tmax - 1-2 hours. It is metabolized in the liver. T1 / 2 - 6-10-18 hours. Excreted mainly by the kidneys in the form of metabolites.

Use of the drug Phenazepam during pregnancy

During pregnancy, the use is possible only for health reasons. It has a toxic effect on the fetus and increases the development of congenital malformations when used in the first trimester of pregnancy. Admission at therapeutic doses in later pregnancy may cause CNS depression in the newborn. Chronic use during pregnancy can lead to physical dependence with the development of withdrawal syndrome in the newborn. Children, especially at a younger age, are very sensitive to the CNS depressant effects of benzodiazepines.

Use immediately before or during labor may cause respiratory depression, reduced muscle tone, hypotension, hypothermia, and poor suckling (sluggish baby syndrome) in the newborn.

Contraindications to the use of the drug Phenazepam

Coma, shock, myasthenia gravis, angle-closure glaucoma (acute attack or predisposition), acute alcohol poisoning (with weakening of vital functions), narcotic analgesics and hypnotics, severe COPD (possibly increased respiratory failure), acute respiratory failure, severe depression (may manifest suicidal tendencies) I trimester of pregnancy, lactation, children and adolescents under 18 years of age (safety and efficacy have not been determined), hypersensitivity (including to other benzodiazepines).

Side effects of the drug Phenazepam

From the side of the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system: at the beginning of treatment (especially in elderly patients) - drowsiness, fatigue, dizziness, decreased ability to concentrate, ataxia, disorientation, gait instability, mental and motor reactions slowdown, confusion; rarely - headache, euphoria, depression, tremor, memory loss, impaired coordination of movements (especially at high doses), mood depression, dystonic extrapyramidal reactions (uncontrolled movements, including the eyes), asthenia, myasthenia gravis, dysarthria, epileptic seizures (in patients with epilepsy); extremely rarely - paradoxical reactions (aggressive outbursts, psychomotor agitation, fear, suicidal tendencies, muscle spasm, hallucinations, agitation, irritability, anxiety, insomnia).

On the part of the hematopoietic organs: leukopenia, neutropenia, agranulocytosis (chills, hyperthermia, sore throat, excessive fatigue or weakness), anemia, thrombocytopenia.

From the digestive system: dry mouth or salivation, heartburn, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, constipation or diarrhea; abnormal liver function, increased activity of hepatic transaminases and alkaline phosphatase, jaundice.

From the genitourinary system: urinary incontinence, urinary retention, impaired renal function, decreased or increased libido, dysmenorrhea.

Allergic reactions: skin rash, itching.

Local reactions: phlebitis or venous thrombosis (redness, swelling or pain at the injection site).

Others: addiction, drug dependence; decrease in blood pressure; rarely - visual impairment (diplopia), weight loss, tachycardia.

With a sharp decrease in the dose or discontinuation of the intake, a withdrawal syndrome (irritability, nervousness, sleep disturbances, dysphoria, spasm of the smooth muscles of the internal organs and skeletal muscles, depersonalization, increased sweating, depression, nausea, vomiting, tremor, perception disorders, incl. hyperacusis, paresthesia, photophobia; tachycardia, convulsions, rarely - acute psychosis).

Dosage and administration of Phenazepam

inside. The average daily dose is 1.5–5 mg, it is divided into 2–3 doses, usually 0.5–1 mg in the morning and afternoon, and up to 2.5 mg at night.

The maximum daily dose is 10 mg.

For sleep disorders - 0.5 mg 20-30 minutes before bedtime.

For the treatment of neurotic, psychopathic, neurosis-like and psychopathic conditions, the initial dose is 0.5-1 mg 2-3 times a day. After 2-4 days, taking into account the effectiveness and tolerability, the dose can be increased to 4-6 mg / day.

With severe agitation, fear, anxiety, treatment begins with a dose of 3 mg / day, quickly increasing the dose until a therapeutic effect is obtained.

In the treatment of epilepsy - 2-10 mg / day.

For the treatment of alcohol withdrawal - 2-5 mg / day.

In neurological practice for diseases with muscle hypertonicity - 2-3 mg 1-2 times a day.

In order to avoid the development of drug dependence, during the course of treatment, the duration of the use of phenazepam is 2 weeks (in some cases, the duration of treatment can be increased to 2 months). When the drug is discontinued, the dose is reduced gradually.

special instructions
With renal / liver failure and long-term treatment, it is necessary to monitor the picture of peripheral blood and the activity of liver enzymes.

In patients who have not previously taken psychoactive drugs, there is a therapeutic response to the use of Phenazepam® at lower doses, compared with patients taking antidepressants, anxiolytics or suffering from alcoholism.

Like other benzodiazepines, it has the ability to cause drug dependence with long-term use in high doses (more than 4 mg / day). With a sudden cessation of administration, a "withdrawal" syndrome may occur (including depression, irritability, insomnia, increased sweating), especially with prolonged use (more than 8-12 weeks). If patients experience such unusual reactions as increased aggressiveness, an acute state of arousal, a feeling of fear, suicidal thoughts, hallucinations, increased muscle cramps, difficulty falling asleep, superficial sleep, treatment should be discontinued.

Influence on the ability to drive vehicles and control mechanisms. During the period of treatment, care must be taken when driving vehicles and engaging in other potentially hazardous activities that require an increased concentration of attention and speed of psychomotor reactions.

Overdose of Phenazepam

Symptoms: severe depression of consciousness, cardiac and respiratory activity, severe drowsiness, prolonged confusion, decreased reflexes, prolonged dysarthria, nystagmus, tremor, bradycardia, shortness of breath or shortness of breath, decreased blood pressure, coma.

Treatment: symptomatic therapy, gastric lavage, administration of activated charcoal, control of vital body functions, maintenance of respiratory and cardiovascular activity. Hemodialysis is ineffective.

Specific antagonist: flumazenil (in a hospital setting) - IV 0.2 mg (if necessary, up to 1 mg) in 5% glucose solution or 0.9% sodium chloride solution.

Interactions of the drug Phenazepam with other drugs

With simultaneous use reduces the effectiveness of levodopa in patients with parkinsonism.

May increase zidovudine toxicity.

There is a mutual enhancement of the effect with the simultaneous use of antipsychotic, antiepileptic or hypnotic drugs, as well as central muscle relaxants, narcotic analgesics, ethanol.

Inhibitors of microsomal oxidation increase the risk of developing toxic effects of Phenazepam®. Inducers of microsomal liver enzymes reduce its effectiveness. Increases the concentration of imipramine in the blood serum.

With simultaneous use with antihypertensive agents, it is possible to increase the antihypertensive effect. Against the background of the simultaneous appointment of clozapine, it is possible to increase respiratory depression.

Overdose

Special instructions for taking Phenazepam

Use with caution in hepatic and / or renal insufficiency, cerebral and spinal ataxia, a history of drug dependence, a tendency to abuse psychoactive drugs, hyperkinesis, organic brain diseases, psychosis (paradoxical reactions are possible), hypoproteinemia, sleep apnea (established or suspected ) in elderly patients.

With renal and / or liver failure and long-term treatment, it is necessary to monitor the picture of peripheral blood and the activity of liver enzymes.

In patients who have not previously taken psychoactive drugs, there is a therapeutic response to the use of phenazepam at lower doses, compared with patients taking antidepressants, anxiolytics or suffering from alcoholism.

Like other benzodiazepines, it has the ability to cause drug dependence with long-term use in high doses (more than 4 mg / day). With a sudden cessation of administration, a withdrawal syndrome may occur (including depression, irritability, insomnia, increased sweating), especially with prolonged use (more than 8-12 weeks). If unusual reactions occur in patients such as increased aggressiveness, acute states of arousal, fear, suicidal thoughts, hallucinations, increased muscle cramps, difficulty falling asleep, superficial sleep, treatment should be discontinued.

In the process of treatment, patients are strictly prohibited from using ethanol.

The efficacy and safety of the drug in patients under 18 years of age has not been established.

In case of overdose, severe drowsiness, prolonged confusion, decreased reflexes, prolonged dysarthria, nystagmus, tremor, bradycardia, shortness of breath or shortness of breath, decreased blood pressure, coma are possible. Gastric lavage, activated charcoal are recommended; symptomatic therapy (maintenance of breathing and blood pressure), the introduction of flumazenil (in a hospital setting); hemodialysis is ineffective.

Influence on the ability to drive vehicles and control mechanisms

During the period of treatment, care must be taken when driving vehicles and engaging in other potentially hazardous activities that require an increased concentration of attention and speed of psychomotor reactions.

Storage conditions of the drug Phenazepam

List B.: In a dry, dark place, at a temperature not exceeding 25 ° C.

Shelf life of the drug Phenazepam

Phenazepam belongs to the ATX classification:

N Nervous system

N05 Psycholeptics

The drug "Phenazepam" is a tranquilizer from the group of benzodiazepine derivatives. It has anticonvulsant, muscle relaxant, anxiolytic and hypnotic effects. The mechanism of functioning of this medication is based on a decrease in the excitability of certain brain centers and inhibition of their interaction with the cerebral cortex. Its maximum concentration is reached several hours after consumption. The half-life of Phenazepam varies between 6 and 10 hours. It is metabolized in the liver and excreted through the kidneys.

The main active ingredient of this medication is an anxiolytic substance -epine. Due to its presence in the drug, Phenazepam relieves the tension of the smooth muscles of the internal organs, has a calming effect on the human body, having an inhibitory effect on the central nervous system. As a result, impulses begin to be transmitted more slowly, brainstem receptors are activated, and neurons become less sensitive.

Due to the fact that this drug is one of the strongest tranquilizers, it should never be taken on its own without medical supervision!

The dose of this medication depends on your condition and is determined individually by your doctor.

• For sleep disorders, it is recommended to take 0.5 of the drug half an hour before bedtime.
• For the treatment of epilepsy, doctors advise drinking 2-10 mg of the drug per day.
• With fear and anxiety, treatment begins with a daily dosage of 3 mg with a further gradual increase.
• In order to cure psychopathic conditions, doctors recommend drinking the medicine at a dose of 0.5 - 1 mg several times a day. After 2-4 days, the dosage can be increased to 4-6 mg per day.
• In the treatment of alcohol withdrawal, you need to use 2-5 mg per day.

It is important to know that the maximum allowable daily dosage of the drug is 10 mg. In order to avoid drug dependence on Phenazepam, the duration of treatment should not exceed two weeks. Cancellation of this drug should be carried out gradually.

What are Phenazepam tablets prescribed for?

This medication is prescribed in such cases as:

• psychopathic and neurotic states;
• reactive psychosis;
• prevention of emotional instability and fear;
• sleep disorder and autonomic dysfunction;
• myoclonic and temporal epilepsy;
• tics and hyperkinesis;
• muscle stiffness, etc.

Contraindications to the use of Phenazepam include the following phenomena:

• to whom;
• myasthenia gravis;
• closed-angle glaucoma;
• hypersensitivity to medicinal components;
• acute respiratory failure;
• the first trimester of pregnancy and the entire period of lactation;
• childhood;
• liver and kidney failure;
• tendency to take alcoholic beverages and psychotropic drugs;
• organic diseases of the brain.

If you notice at least one of the above phenomena, stop using this medication and consult a doctor!

Remember not to combine this drug with other medicines to avoid unpredictable reactions. Doctors recommend being extremely careful with drugs that suppress the functioning of the central nervous system and inform them about all the drugs taken!

Phenazepam is a fairly common drug in medicine, which is used mainly to affect the central nervous system ( CNS) person. According to the medicinal effect, it belongs to the group tranquilizers, as it inhibits the activity of many nerve centers. Thanks to this, many different effects are achieved.

Most often, phenazepam is used to achieve the following effects:

• Sedative. Sedation is a calming effect in various excited states. It is he who is often needed in psychiatry.
• Anticonvulsant. An anticonvulsant or anticonvulsant effect is needed to quickly relieve a patient's convulsive syndrome. Otherwise, there is a danger of violation of vital functions ( cessation of breathing or heartbeat, irreversible organ damage). To relieve seizures in practice, it is more often used not phenazepam, but other drugs from its group. The anticonvulsant effect is important for providing urgent care for convulsive syndrome.
• anxiolytic. This effect is similar in action to a sedative. It consists in eliminating anxiety states, strong feelings. This is also often applied in psychiatry.
• Muscle relaxant. This effect involves the relaxation of most of the muscles in the body. It is often used in anesthesiology to prepare the body for surgery. However, in phenazepam, this muscle relaxant effect is relatively weak.
• Hypnotic. High doses of phenazepam give a pronounced hypnotic effect. It is also often used in psychiatry to calm violent and agitated patients.

Phenazepam is one of the most potent benzodiazepines. Potentially, it can cause quite a strong addiction in the future and, as a result, a withdrawal syndrome. In most countries, the sale of phenazepam without a prescription is prohibited due to high health risks if used incorrectly. It is also prohibited to transport this drug across the border without accompanying documents ( a certificate from a doctor stating that the passenger needs the drug).

Pharmacological group of phenazepam

Along with phenazepam, the group of benzodiazepines includes the following drugs:

• diazepam;
• lorazepam;
• alprazolam;
• clonazepam;
• midazolam etc.

After consultation with a doctor or pharmacist, phenazepam can be replaced by the following analogues(drugs with the same active ingredient):

• phenorelaxan;
• phezaneph;
• fezipam;
• elzepam;
• tranquezipam.

How do you spell phenazepam in Latin?

The mechanism of action of the drug phenazepam

The effect of taking phenazepam is achieved through the following mechanisms:

• a decrease in the activity of the subcortical structures of the brain;
• stimulation of GABA receptors ( reduces the conduction of nerve impulses);
• weakening and inhibition of spinal reflexes;
• effect on the amygdala one of the brain structures) reduces emotional experiences, anxiety, fear, etc.;
• inhibition of cells of the reticular formation ( one of the brain structures) reduces irritation of the nervous system and facilitates the process of falling asleep;
• influence on nonspecific nuclei of the thalamus ( one of the brain structures);
• engine braking ( motor) impulse ensures the cessation of convulsions and muscle relaxation.

How much phenazepam is found in blood and urine?

It should be noted that in some diseases of the liver or kidneys, the period of complete elimination of the drug from the body may increase slightly. This is due to the fact that it is the liver and kidneys that "neutralize" phenazepam and contribute to its excretion in the urine. In severe disorders in the work of these organs, the drug is not prescribed precisely because it will not be excreted from the body for a long time.

Indications for the use of phenazepam

Most often, phenazepam is prescribed for the following diseases and pathological conditions:

• reactive psychoses;
• pathological irritability;
• increased anxiety;
• nervous breakdowns;
• unreasonable mood swings ( emotional lability);
• withdrawal syndrome ( breaking) after stopping the use of alcohol or drugs;
• some disorders of the autonomic nervous system;
• nervous tics;
• in some convulsive conditions;
• in some forms of schizophrenia;
• in some forms of epilepsy;
• panic states;
• some phobias;
• for premedication ( medical preparation) before surgery.

Does phenazepam help with fears and panic attacks?

It should be noted that in all these cases, phenazepam is not the drug of choice, since its effect on the body will be complex. There are anxiolytics with a narrower spectrum of action, the use of which will be safer and more effective. However, in the case of the patient's susceptibility to phenazepam, it can be prescribed in the form of a rather long course of treatment. Of course, the patient should be regularly monitored by a specialist.

Contraindications to the use of phenazepam

All contraindications can be divided into relative and absolute. Relative contraindications mean that the harm to health will be moderate, and the drug can be used if the doctor, for example, does not have access to its analogues, and the patient's condition will greatly worsen without taking phenazepam. Absolute contraindications categorically exclude the use of phenazepam, since a sharp deterioration in the patient's health will most often create a direct threat to life or cause irreversible damage.

Contraindications to the use of phenazepam

Is it possible to use phenazepam during pregnancy and lactation (feeding)?

In the II and III trimesters, the use of phenazepam is possible, but not desirable. During this period, the risk of birth defects decreases, but the health of the child is still at risk. The risk of various complications during pregnancy increases. Taking the drug on the eve of childbirth can lead to the fact that the child will have breathing problems after birth. However, the use of phenazepam during pregnancy is permissible for health reasons ( if taking the drug can save the life of the patient, and doctors do not have safer means).

During breastfeeding, phenazepam can be excreted from the mother's body in small amounts with milk and thus enter the child's body. Even these negligible doses can affect his health. Therefore, during lactation, the use of phenazepam is also not recommended.

Can I drink alcohol and phenazepam?

Since phenazepam can potentially inhibit vital processes ( breathing and heartbeat), its reception along with alcohol is simply life-threatening. The degree of danger is directly proportional to the dose of alcohol and the drug. In the case of regular use of phenazepam for a long time, alcohol should not be consumed throughout the entire course of treatment. Only after a gradual decrease in the dose, and then the complete withdrawal of the drug, you can drink alcohol. In most cases, it is better to discuss the time of their use and the dose with your doctor in advance.

At what age can children take phenazepam?

If a child takes the standard adult dose of phenazepam, there is a high risk of overdose or serious side effects. The most severe of them are severe impairment of consciousness, breathing, heartbeat, and coma. The problem is that smaller doses can produce the same effect ( because the child's body is more sensitive). That is why this drug is not prescribed to children.

Can phenazepam be administered to diabetic patients?

The fact is that with diabetes, some internal organs can be damaged. The pathology of these organs can change the effect of taking phenazepam. For example, in diabetic nephropathy, the drug will be more slowly excreted from the body, therefore, its effect may be longer and more toxic. The risk of overdose and side effects increases.

Instructions for use of the drug phenazepam

Tablets are washed down with a small amount of liquid. Synchronization of taking pills with food is not of fundamental importance. Most often, phenazepam is taken at night to avoid the side effect of daytime drowsiness. Ampoules with a solution are sold in a ready-to-use form. The solution is drawn into a syringe and injected into a muscle or vein. After the introduction or use of phenazepam, it is recommended to stay at home and not engage in work that requires a high concentration of attention or physical activity.

Shelf life of the drug phenazepam

Why is an expired tranquilizer phenazepam dangerous?

Dosage and method of using phenazepam

Approximate dosages of phenazepam for various pathologies

In most pathologies, the average single dose is 0.5–1 mg, and the average daily dose is 1.5–5 mg ( broken down into several steps). The maximum daily dose is 10 mg, in rare cases it may be slightly exceeded.

All dosages are approximate, since each specific pathology requires one or another effect ( and it depends on the dose of the drug). Patients should strictly adhere to the dose prescribed by their doctor. Self-administration of the drug without consulting a doctor is dangerous even in subtherapeutic doses ( less than the minimum indicated in the table).

How long does the course of treatment with tablets and injections (injections) of phenazepam last?

If we are talking about neuroses, psychoses, epilepsy and some other diseases in which a course of phenazepam is really needed, then it lasts an average of about two weeks. During this time, if taken correctly, patients do not have time to develop dependence on the drug and there will be no withdrawal syndrome. In some cases, the duration of the course can reach 1 - 2 months ( at the discretion of the doctor), but then the drug will have to be canceled gradually.

Is it possible to overdose phenazepam (poisoning)?

An overdose of phenazepam can be recognized by the following symptoms and signs:

• severe confusion and disorientation;
• depression of the heart ( weak pulse, slow heartbeat, etc.);
• respiratory depression ( shallow, rare breathing);
• weakening of reflexes ( knee, elbow, etc.);
• severe drowsiness;
• lowering blood pressure;
• dizziness, tinnitus, nausea;
• involuntary trembling in the limbs ( tremor);
• rapid involuntary pupillary movements vertically or horizontally).

In the event of an overdose of phenazepam, the patient must be urgently taken to the hospital. The main treatment is gastric lavage and the use of sorbents ( activated carbon, etc.). Hemodialysis to remove the drug from the blood usually does not give a sufficient effect. It is possible to prescribe flumazenil ( already in the hospital). Also, if necessary, support breathing and heartbeat.

How many milligrams ( mg) Phenazepam should be taken for sleep?

What is the difference between phenazepam in tablets and phenazepam in injections ( in injections)?

Tablets, entering the body, pass through the esophagus and stomach, and only in the intestines the drug is absorbed into the circulatory system. The passage of the upper gastrointestinal tract takes some time, so phenazepam will act more slowly. When administered intramuscularly ( usually in the gluteal muscle) the drug enters the bloodstream faster, and the time of onset of the effect is reduced. The fastest effect is achieved with intravenous administration, since the solution enters directly into the bloodstream. It is also noted that the faster the effect of the drug, the shorter it lasts.

It should be noted that phenazepam in injections is somewhat more likely to cause side effects and the risk of overdose if the dose is incorrectly selected is higher. Therefore, mostly doctors try to prescribe pills ( especially if long-term use is required). Intravenous administration can be single in emergency situations. For example, phenazepam may be administered to a patient under anesthesia for high blood pressure if other agents fail. It is also preferable to give an injection for a panic attack or an attack of epilepsy. In any case, the attending physician will prompt the correct way to use the drug for a specific pathology.

Possible side effects of phenazepam

When using phenazepam, the following side effects may occur:

• Skin rash and itching. Most often, these symptoms are a sign of intolerance to certain components of the drug and are a form of an allergic reaction.
• Drowsiness, fatigue and apathy. They are manifestations of a sedative effect and are quite common. Because of these side effects, phenazepam is not recommended for use by drivers, dispatchers and representatives of other specialties requiring increased attention during work.
• Headache. It is a fairly common side effect, but does not appear regularly and not in all patients.
• Depression, depression. They are the result of depression of the central nervous system. These symptoms may accompany the patient throughout the course of treatment. With a tendency to suicide, they try not to prescribe the drug.
• Coordination disorders. Can be expressed in instability, uncertainty of gait, unusual movements. This side effect occurs rarely and mainly in the treatment of high doses of the drug.
• Clouding of consciousness and memory impairment. They are a consequence of CNS depression and are quite common during treatment.
• Tremor (involuntary trembling in the limbs). It is observed very rarely. In patients with epilepsy, the drug may cause a seizure.
• Libido disorders (increase or decrease in sex drive). It is explained by the effect on certain zones in the central nervous system.
• Urination disorders. Both urinary retention and incontinence can be observed.
• Disorders at the level of the gastrointestinal tract ( gastrointestinal tract) . Violations can be varied and affect the work of various organs. They are explained by intolerance to the drug or impaired innervation of smooth muscles that control the work of the gastrointestinal tract. There may be drooling or dry mouth, heartburn, vomiting, or abdominal pain. During treatment, the patient may suffer from constipation or, conversely, diarrhea ( indigestion).
• Dysmenorrhea. In women, long-term use may cause menstrual irregularities.
• Lowering blood pressure. Rare side effect.
• Weight loss. May occur against the background of long-term use of the drug due to lack of appetite and disorders of the gastrointestinal tract.
• visual impairment(double vision, lack of clarity, blurred vision). It is noted rarely, mainly when taking high doses of the drug.
• Congenital malformations. Occur in children if the mother took the drug during pregnancy in the first trimester.

Very rarely, when using phenazepam, so-called paradoxical side effects occur ( opposite to the main action of the drug). For example, an attack of psychosis or severe arousal is possible.

In general, it should be noted that most of the side effects listed above appear only on the background of long-term use or after changing the dosage during the course of treatment. If you follow the prescription of the attending physician, the likelihood of these disorders is greatly reduced.

Does phenazepam cause hallucinations?

Is it possible to take phenazepam in old age?

The price of the drug phenazepam

Is it possible to buy phenazepam in an online pharmacy with delivery ( Moscow, Saint Petersburg)?

Online pharmacies that can deliver phenazepam

Which doctor prescribes phenazepam?