July 17 what happened this day. Foundation Day of Naval Aviation of the Russian Navy
July 17, 709 BC the first description of a total solar eclipse occurred, made by Chinese Chu Fu.
In total, about 3000 such astronomical phenomena on Earth have passed since their first observation in 709 BC. During this time, people managed to associate many superstitions with the eclipse. So, the same ancient Chinese believed that this huge dragon was trying to swallow the Sun, well, they tried to drive it away, making a big noise. By the way, the Vikings also made a lot of noise, driving away big wolves from the luminary...
Our ancestors also looked askance at eclipses: it is no coincidence that the Tale of Igor's Campaign says that a solar eclipse did not have a very good effect on the fighting spirit of the prince's squad. Even today there are many people whose hearts stop at the moment of an eclipse: isn’t this God’s punishment for our grave sins and isn’t it the beginning of the end of the world? In general, ultra-modern signs associated with a solar eclipse have already appeared. So, it is believed that on this day you should not make responsible decisions and alcohol, it is better not to drive, not to sign serious documents and not to take loans.
On this day in 1429, in Reims recaptured from the British, Charles VII was crowned on the French throne.(Joan of Arc held the banner over his head during the ceremony).
On July 17, 1453, the French defeated the British at the Battle of Castillon.(after this battle, the French troops captured Bordeaux). The battle was the last battle of the Hundred Years' War and ended with the complete defeat of the English troops. Along with this, the battle was one of the first battles in European history in which artillery played a decisive role.
July 17, 1505 Martin Luther changed his plans to become a lawyer and became a monk at the Augustinian monastery in Erfurt.
There are several explanations for this unexpected decision. One refers to the oppressed state of Luther as a result of "consciousness of his sinfulness." According to another, one day Luther was caught in a severe thunderstorm and was so frightened that he took a vow of monasticism.
On this day in 1710, the Riga garrison surrendered to Russian troops under the command of Field Marshal Sheremetyev during the Great Northern War.
On this day in 1754 King's College opened in New York. This institution of higher education had ten students and one professor. Thirty years later, the college changed its name to Columbia and then became a university. Today it is one of the largest and most prestigious universities in America.
On July 17, 1785, the Slovak adventurer Moritz Benevsky proclaimed himself Emperor of Madagascar. declaring war on France.
On July 17, 1791, a peaceful demonstration demanding the abdication of the French King Louis XVI was shot on the Champ de Mars in Paris.
On this day in 1793, Charlotte Corday, the murderer of the leader of the French Revolution, Marat, was executed in Paris. Contemporaries recalled that the 22-year-old Charlotte was "a man of a new era" - she did not think about marriage, she preferred newspapers and revolutionary literature to love stories. Once, at a dinner with relatives, a young noblewoman allowed herself unheard of impudence, refusing to drink for the king. Charlotte declared that Louis XVI is a weak monarch, and weak monarchs bring only disaster to their people.
The girl tried to meet with Marat, allegedly in order to give him a new list of "enemies of the people" who settled in Kan.
By that time, Jean-Paul Marat almost did not appear in the Convention - he suffered from a skin disease, and his suffering was alleviated only by the bath in which he was at home and received visitors.
After several appeals, on July 13, 1793, Charlotte Corday secured an audience with Marat. She took with her a kitchen knife bought in a Parisian shop.
At the meeting, Charlotte told him about the traitors who had gathered in Cana, and Marat noticed that they would soon go to the guillotine. At that moment, the girl hit Marat, who was in the bathroom, with a knife, killing him on the spot.
Korday was captured immediately. By some miracle, she was saved from the wrath of the crowd, who wanted to deal with her right at the corpse of the defeated idol.
On July 17, 1854, the first mountain railway in Europe was put into operation in Austria.
On July 17, 1907, the Russo-Japanese Agreement was signed in St. Petersburg. The agreement contained articles on respect for the territorial integrity of the parties, the independence and integrity of China, on the division of Manchuria into Russian (north) and Japanese (south) spheres of influence, on the recognition of Korea as a sphere of special interests of Japan, Outer Mongolia - Russia.
On July 17, 1917, all German names were removed from titles in Great Britain, as a result of which the ruling Saxe-Coburg-Gotha dynasty became known as Windsor.
On July 17, 1917, in the Plekhanov newspaper Unity, Russian journalist G. Aleksinsky published information that Lenin and the Bolsheviks were financed by the German government.
On July 17, 1918, in the basement of the Ipatiev House, the family of the last Emperor of All-Russian Nicholas II was shot.
At 11:30 p.m., the Deputy Regional Commissioner of Justice, Yurovsky, ordered that the royal family, with their servants, kept in the Ipatiev House, be taken to the basement. The first step to the steps was Nicholas II with the heir Alexei in his arms. His wife Alexandra Fedorovna joined him. The parents were followed by Olga, Tatyana, Anastasia and Maria, the children were followed by Dr. Botkin, the cook Kharitonov, the lackey Trupp and the maid Demidova. As soon as Yurovsky read out the decision of the Ural Council on the execution of the tsar, shots rang out. The heir was shot twice. Anastasia and the maid were stabbed to death with bayonets after the shots were fired. 80 years later, on the anniversary of the execution, the remains of the last Russian emperor, his family and associates were buried in the Peter and Paul Cathedral in St. Petersburg.
July 17, 1928 Mexican politician Alvaro Obregon, who won the country's presidential election, was killed in Mexico City during an official reception.
The president was assassinated in José do's restaurant by Leon Toral, a Catholic student who was opposed to Obregón's anti-clerical policies.
On July 17, 1936, the Spanish Civil War began. The rebellion against the republican government began on the evening of July 17 in Spanish Morocco. Quite quickly, other Spanish colonies also came under the control of the rebels: the Canary Islands, the Spanish Sahara (now Western Sahara), Spanish Guinea (now Equatorial Guinea).
According to Mola's plan, the right-wing forces were supposed to simultaneously rise up under the leadership of the troops, take control of the largest cities and overthrow the republican authorities. This idea was supported by many representatives of the Spanish generals. On June 5, Mola publishes a document with a plan for the future uprising (“Goals, Methods and Ways”), and later sets the date - July 17 at 17:00
It was also called the "parade of the vanquished". About 60 thousand captured Nazis took part in it, including 20 generals and 1200 officers, who passed under escort through the capital of the USSR. A column of 60,000 German prisoners of war was led by Friedrich Wilhelm von Paulus. The Germans were in military uniform, many in homemade shoes with wooden soles. Of the dishes, they were allowed to use only canned food cans. Hundreds of thousands of Muscovites took to the streets. In deathly silence, only the rumble of wooden soles and the jingle of cans could be heard. Sprinklers rode behind, symbolically washing away the dirt after the passage of the enemies.
On July 17, 1944, the troops of the 1st Ukrainian Front surrounded about 40,000 German soldiers in Poland.
Also on this day, the Potsdam Conference of the leaders of the USSR, the USA and Great Britain began: Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR I. Stalin, US President G. Truman, British Prime Minister W. Churchill. The Potsdam Agreements provided for the complete disarmament of Germany, the dissolution of its armed forces, the destruction of monopolies and the liquidation in Germany of all industry that could be used for military production, the destruction of the National Socialist Party, organizations and institutions controlled by it, the prevention of all Nazi and militaristic activities or propaganda in the country. The conference participants signed a special agreement on reparations, which confirmed the right of the peoples who had suffered from German aggression to compensation and determined the sources for receiving reparations. The three governments confirmed at the Potsdam Conference their intention to bring the main war criminals to justice at the International Military Tribunal.
On this day in 1955, the first Disneyland in the United States opened. The Walt Disney Empire was built in Anaheim, California. Prior to this event, there were orange groves here. The lavish opening ceremony was televised. The idea to create an amusement park for children came to Disney when he was walking with his daughters in the park. While the children rode on the carousel, the father sat patiently on the bench and waited for the daughters to get drunk. During these walks, he came to the conclusion that America really lacks a place where it would be interesting to spend time for both adults and children. And then Disney decided to create such a place himself. $17 million was spent on the construction of the first Disneyland in California, but very soon all investments paid off tenfold. Over 200 million people visited the park in the first 25 years of its existence.
On July 17, 1962, at 6:50 a.m., the Leninsky Komsomol nuclear submarine reached the Earth's North Pole. After returning, the boat was met at the pier by N. S. Khrushchev and the Minister of Defense. I. Malinovsky. As soon as the crew went ashore, the rewarding began immediately.
On July 17, 1968, the Ba'ath Party came to power in Iraq during a coup (the July Revolution). The Ba'ath Party ruled Iraq until 2003.
On July 17, 1973, a bloodless coup d'état took place in Afghanistan, leading to the overthrow of King Zahir Shah. His cousin, General Mohammed Daoud, came to power. He abolished the monarchy in Afghanistan and proclaimed himself President of the Republic of Afghanistan. Speaking to journalists a few weeks after coming to power, M. Daud said: “Having freed ourselves from the monarchical regime, we will first of all carry out land reform, guarantee the rights and freedoms of the population, improve living and working conditions, improve the education system, and fight unemployment and lawlessness. We support the policy of détente in international tension.”
On July 17, 1975, the Soyuz (USSR) and Apollo (USA) spacecraft docked..
In 1982, at a speech at the UN General Assembly, US President Ronald Reagan called the USSR an evil empire.
On July 17, 1998, the remains, recognized as the remains of the family of Nicholas II, the last Russian emperor, were buried in the Peter and Paul Cathedral in St. Petersburg.
On the night of July 16-17, 1918, with members of his family, the last Russian Emperor Nicholas II was killed. At half past eleven on the night of July 16, the Deputy Regional Commissioner of Justice, Yurovsky, ordered that the royal family, with their servants, kept in the Ipatiev House, be taken to the basement. The first step to the steps was Nicholas II with the heir Alexei in his arms. His wife Alexandra Fedorovna joined him. The parents were followed by Olga, Tatyana, Anastasia and Maria, the children were followed by Dr. Botkin, the cook Kharitonov, the lackey Trupp and the maid Demidova. As soon as Yurovsky read out the decision of the Ural Council on the execution of the tsar, shots rang out. The heir was shot twice. Anastasia and the maid were stabbed to death with bayonets after the shots were fired. Next to the dying princess, her beloved dog Jemmy whined, the dog was beaten with a butt ... Only cook Sedov was left alive. 80 years later, on the anniversary of the execution, the remains of the last Russian emperor, his family and associates were buried in the Peter and Paul Cathedral in St. Petersburg.
It just so happened that three murders of Russian emperors are connected with these dates (or July 4-5, according to the old style). On the night of July 16, 1764, Emperor John III, who was in solitary confinement in the Shlisselburg Fortress, was stabbed to death by guards while Lieutenant Mirovich tried to free the Emperor. The fact is that Empress Catherine II gave the order to kill the “prisoner number I” when trying to free him, even if documents from the Empress were shown. Under the name of Emperor Peter III, Grand Duke Peter Feodorovich ascended the Throne on January 5, 1762 (according to the old style - December 25, 1761). His reign was short, and the story about him was filled with fiction, speculation and myths. Six months after the accession, Emperor Peter III was overthrown during a palace coup on July 9, 1762. A week later, on July 17, the former Emperor, who by that time had signed the act of abdication in favor of his wife, Empress Catherine II, died under mysterious circumstances. According to the official version, the cause was hemorrhoidal colic. However, the version about the murder of the former Emperor during a drunken quarrel by one of the conspirators, Count Alexei Orlov, is still widespread in society. So, on this day, three Russian Emperors were killed: Peter III (1762), John III (1764) and Nicholas II (1918).
On this day in 1453, near the town of Castillon, located 150 km east of Bordeaux, the last battle of the Hundred Years' War took place. In it, the French, using military cunning, utterly defeated the English detachment. After 3 months, the last British outpost on the continent, the city of Bordeaux, surrendered without a fight. Of its once huge continental possessions, Britain managed to retain (for a little over 100 years) only the port city of Calais on the French side of the Pas de Calais.
On July 17, 1850, at the Harvard Observatory, Massachusetts, director and astronomer William Cranch Bond and photographer John Adams Whipple took the first photograph of a star. It was a "portrait" of Vega, the brightest star in the constellation Lyra.
On July 17-18, 1936, an armed rebellion began against the left government of the Popular Front; On July 19, the leader of the Spanish Communist Party, Dolores Ibarruri, called for resistance and for the first time proclaimed the slogan "No pasaran!" (“They will not pass!”), which was picked up in many countries and not only by the communists.
On July 17, 1938, Douglas Kerrigan, having taken off from Brooklyn (New York), landed in Dublin, Ireland, instead of California after 28 hours of flight. According to the aviator, the error in navigation was due to technical problems with the compass and heavy cloud cover. However, as eyewitnesses testified, Kerrigan was haunted by the glory of the pilot Lindberg, who was the first to fly over the Atlantic. In 1929, Kerrigan bought a used aircraft from a junkyard and converted it for long-range flights. The authorities regularly denied the aviator's numerous applications for permission to fly across the Atlantic. In this regard, there is an opinion that Kerrigan will thus fulfill his dream, without any official papers. Thanks to the press, Douglas was given the nickname Douglas Wrong Way.
On July 17, 1939, the former Soviet plenipotentiary in Bulgaria, Fedor Raskolnikov, who spoke in France with anti-Stalin protest letters, was outlawed in the USSR; he soon died under unclear circumstances.
On this day in 1942, the first stage of the Battle of Stalingrad (defensive) began. The Battle of Stalingrad is one of the largest in the Great Patriotic War. The battle included two periods. The first - defensive - began with the Stalingrad strategic defensive operation on July 17 and lasted until November 18, 1942. The operation was carried out by the troops of the Stalingrad, South-Eastern fronts with the assistance of the forces of the Volga military flotilla. In the course of hostilities, the administration of the South-Eastern Front, five directorates of combined arms armies and two directorates of tank armies, 56 divisions and 33 brigades were additionally introduced into the composition of the Soviet troops. In the fierce defensive battles and battles that unfolded in the great bend of the Don, and then in the area of Stalingrad and in the city itself, not only was the offensive power of the enemy crushed and the main strike force of the German army on the southern wing of the Soviet-German front was bled, but conditions were also prepared for transition of Soviet troops to a decisive counteroffensive.
On July 17, 1944, a “parade of the vanquished” took place in Moscow on the Garden Ring - about 60 thousand captured Nazis, including 20 generals and 1200 officers, passed under escort through the capital of the USSR. A column of 60,000 German prisoners of war was led by Friedrich Wilhelm von Paulus. The Germans were in military uniform, many in homemade shoes with wooden soles. Of the dishes, they were allowed to use only canned food cans. Hundreds of thousands of Muscovites took to the streets. In deathly silence, only the rumble of wooden soles and the jingle of cans could be heard. Sprinklers rode behind, symbolically washing away the dirt after the passage of the enemies.
On July 17, 1945, the Potsdam Conference of the Heads of Government of the USSR, the USA and Great Britain began. From July 17 to 25 and from July 28 to August 2, 1945, a conference was held in Potsdam of the heads of government of the USSR, USA, Great Britain: Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR I. Stalin, US President G. Truman, British Prime Minister W. Churchill, which on July 28 replaced by the new Prime Minister K. Attlee. The participants in the Potsdam Conference reached an agreement on the main directions of a common policy towards Germany, considered as a single economic and political entity. In accordance with the decisions of the Crimean Conference, the Potsdam agreements provided for the complete disarmament of Germany, the dissolution of its armed forces, the destruction of monopolies and the liquidation in Germany of all industry that could be used for military production, the destruction of the National Socialist Party, organizations and institutions controlled by it, the prevention of any Nazi and militaristic activity or propaganda in the country. The conference participants signed a special agreement on reparations, which confirmed the right of the peoples who had suffered from German aggression to compensation and determined the sources for receiving reparations. An agreement was reached on the establishment of central German administrative departments (finance, transport, communications, etc.). At the conference, a system of four-sided occupation of Germany was finally agreed upon, which was supposed to serve its demilitarization and democratization; it was envisaged that during the occupation the supreme power in Germany would be exercised by the commanders-in-chief of the armed forces of the USSR, the USA, Great Britain and France, each in his zone of occupation; on matters affecting Germany as a whole, they were to act jointly as members of the Control Council. The Potsdam Agreement defined a new Polish-German border along the Oder-Western Neisse line, the establishment of which was reinforced by the decision of the conference on the eviction of the German population remaining in Poland, as well as in Czechoslovakia and Hungary. The conference confirmed the transfer to the Soviet Union of Konigsberg (since 1946 - Kaliningrad) and the area adjacent to it. At the suggestion of the Soviet delegation, the question of the fate of the German fleet was discussed at the conference, and a decision was made to divide the entire German surface, naval and merchant fleet equally between the USSR, the USA and Great Britain. At the suggestion of Great Britain, it was decided to sink most of the German submarine fleet, and to divide the remainder equally. The three governments confirmed at the Potsdam Conference their intention to bring the main war criminals to justice at the International Military Tribunal.
On July 17, 1955, the first Disneyland in the United States opened. Walt Disney's $17 million empire was built in Anaheim, California. Prior to this event, there were orange groves here. The lavish opening ceremony was televised. The idea to create an amusement park for children came to Disney when he was walking with his daughters in the park. While the children rode on the carousel, the father sat patiently on the bench and waited for the daughters to get drunk. During these walks, he came to the conclusion that America really lacks a place where it would be interesting to spend time for both adults and children. And then Disney decided to create such a place himself. $17 million was spent on the construction of the first Disneyland in California, but very soon all investments paid off tenfold. Over 200 million people visited the park in the first 25 years of its existence. In 1963, Disney embarked on an even more ambitious idea - the so-called "Project X". With the help of his people, he found a suitable plot of land in Florida and bought it. At this point, construction began on a new park, which was called The Walt Disney World. It opened in October 1971. In 1983, his "Disneyland" appeared in Tokyo, and in 1992 - in Paris. Life-size Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck walk the streets of Disneyland, along with other cartoon characters and accompanied by an orchestra. Monorail, steam locomotives, horse carts or cable cars, from where you can enjoy a beautiful view of the entire territory, can be found in parks everywhere. And the parks themselves are amazingly well-groomed and clean. Now more than 14 million people visit Disneyland every year, leaving nearly $3 billion in the park.
And on that same day, also in 1955, Arco, Idaho, became the first city to have electric lighting thanks to atomic energy.
On July 17, 1969, the New York Times published an article apologizing for an article published in 1920 that ridiculed the theory of Professor Robert Goddard. In his work, the scientist argued that the flight of a rocket into space is absolutely real. The editors of the publication had to apologize after the Apollo 11 spacecraft headed for the moon.
On this day in 1976, the XXI Summer Olympic Games began in Montreal. And they began with a scandal: during the opening ceremony, in front of the English Queen Elizabeth II and 70 thousand spectators, a naked man ran onto the field. He wore nothing but a beard. The nudist rushed past the policemen shocked by his appearance straight to the main stand. This scene was broadcast live on television to many countries around the world. But the Soviet audience did not see it - censorship insured itself in time. Already on the second day after the start of the Games, a thirty-year-old fencer from Kyiv Boris Onishchenko fell into the scandalous chronicle. This craftsman decided to get any victory for himself. Secretly from everyone, he came up with an ingenious device with which it became possible to connect his sword to an electrical circuit to fix injections, which in fact were not. It is not clear what the Kiev citizen was counting on - the trick was exposed almost immediately. But this Onishchenko's trick cost the Soviet fencing team, which was one of the main contenders for victory, Olympic medals. The athlete himself was disqualified and sent back to his homeland by the next plane.
On July 17, 1986, the Leningrad-Boston teleconference program recorded on June 28 went on the air. During the conversation, an American participant in the teleconference asked the question: “In our TV advertising, everything revolves around sex. Do you have such TV advertising? The Soviet participant, Lyudmila Nikolaevna Ivanova (at that time - the administrator of the Leningrad Hotel and a representative of the public organization "Committee of Soviet Women") replied: "Well, we have sex ... (chuckle) we don't have sex, and we are categorically against it!" After that, the audience laughed, and one of the Soviet participants clarified: “We have sex, we don’t have advertising!” But the story was unstoppable. A distorted part of the phrase, taken out of context, came into use: "There is no sex in the USSR." Almost twenty years later, the heroine of the program, Lyudmila Ivanova, in an interview with the Komsomolskaya Pravda newspaper, tried to give out a distorted version of those events. But you can't argue against the recorded tape. Today she is 66 years old, she is the owner and general director of the cafe-club "Sudarynya", located in the center of St. Petersburg. By the way, M.S. Gorbachev. After all, our teleconference was broadcast not live, but on record, and it went on air only after the personal approval of the Secretary General.
On this day in 1989, the B-2 Spirit bomber, the most expensive military aircraft in the world, made its first flight in the United States (its cost was $ 1.3 billion).
NewsJuly 17, 1918 in Yekaterinburg, the last Russian emperor Nicholas II and members of his family were shot. The massacre took place in the Ipatiev House of Yekaterinburg. In addition to the king, the heir to the throne, Alexei, Empress Alexandra Feodorovna, princesses Olga, Tatyana, Anastasia and Maria, as well as Dr. Botkin, the cook Kharitonov, the lackey Trupp and the maid Demidova were killed.
At half past eleven on the night of July 16, the Deputy Regional Commissioner of Justice, Yurovsky, ordered that the royal family, with their servants, kept in the Ipatiev House, be taken to the basement. The first step to the steps was Nicholas II with the heir Alexei in his arms. Alexandra Fedorovna joined him. The parents were followed by Olga, Tatyana, Anastasia and Maria, the children were followed by Dr. Botkin, the cook Kharitonov, the lackey Trupp and the maid Demidova. There were 11 victims and executioners each. As soon as Yurovsky read out the decision of the Ural Council on the execution of the tsar, shots rang out. The heir was shot twice. Anastasia and the maid were stabbed to death with bayonets after the shots were fired. Next to the dying princess whined her beloved dog Jemmy, who was beaten with a butt ... Someone brought a few sheets. They began to wrap the dead in these sheets and take them out into the courtyard through the same rooms through which they were led to the execution. From the yard they were taken out to a car parked outside the gates of the house. All of them were transferred to a truck and put all in one. The cloth was taken from the pantry. They laid him out in a car, put the corpses on it and covered them with the same cloth on top ...
The criminal case on the murder of the royal family was opened on August 19, 1993. The case was led by the senior prosecutor-criminalist of the General Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation Vladimir Solovyov. On October 23, 1993, by order of the Government of the Russian Federation, a Commission was established to study issues related to the study and reburial of the remains of the Russian Emperor Nicholas II and members of his family. The first chairman is Deputy Prime Minister of the Government of the Russian Federation Yu. Yarov, since 1997 - Deputy Prime Minister B. Nemtsov. Genetic examinations were carried out: in 1993 - at the Aldermaston Center for Forensic Research (England), in 1995 - at the Military Medical Institute of the US Department of Defense, in November 1997 - at the Republican Center for Forensic Medical Examination of the Ministry of Health of Russia. On January 30, 1998, the government commission completed its work and concluded: "The remains found in Yekaterinburg are the remains of Nicholas II, members of his family and close people."
Two years after the start of the Battle of Stalingrad, July 17, 1944, the so-called "Parade of the vanquished" passed along the Garden Ring and other streets of Moscow. A column of almost 60,000 German prisoners of war was led by Friedrich Wilhelm von Paulus. With the remnants of his army, he surrendered at Stalingrad at the very moment when the Führer granted him the rank of Field Marshal.
In the summer of 1944, the USSR successfully carried out Operation Bagration, and the German Army Group Center was defeated. About 400,000 soldiers and officers were destroyed or captured. These losses were comparable only to those of Stalingrad. Of the 47 Wehrmacht generals who fought as corps and division commanders, 21 were taken prisoner. A good opportunity presented itself to demonstrate the successes of the USSR in the war, to raise the morale of Soviet citizens.
The operation was carried out by the NKVD, it was named after the musical comedy "Big Waltz". The prisoners were gathered at the Moscow hippodrome and the Dynamo stadium. By 11 am on July 17, they were divided into two groups and built in accordance with the ranks of 600 people (20 people along the front). The commander of the MVO troops, Colonel-General P.A., led the passage of the columns. Artemiev.
The first group (42,000 people) walked in 2 hours and 25 minutes along the Leningrad highway and Gorky street (now Tverskaya) to Mayakovsky Square, then clockwise along the Garden Ring to the Kursk railway station. Among this group were 1227 prisoners with officer and general ranks, including 19 generals who marched in orders and uniforms left by them, 6 colonels and lieutenant colonels. The second group (15,000 people) walked counterclockwise along the Garden Ring, starting from Mayakovsky Square, reaching the Kanatchikovo Station of the Okruzhnaya Railway in 4 hours and 20 minutes.
The columns were accompanied by riders with naked swords and escorts with rifles at the ready. The prisoners were followed by watering machines, symbolically washing away the dirt from the asphalt. The parade ended by seven o'clock in the evening, when all the prisoners were placed in wagons and were sent to places of detention. Four prisoners received medical assistance.
In a report to the State Defense Committee on the letterhead of the NKVD of the USSR, L.P. Beria reported that during the procession "there were a large number of anti-fascist cries from the population:" Death to Hitler! "and" Death to fascism! "". However, according to witnesses, there were very few aggressive or anti-German attacks.
The parade made an indelible impression on Muscovites, the Soviet people and all allies, demonstrating Soviet military successes and the inevitability of an early victory. (According to Wikipedia).
Juan Antonio Samaranch was born on July 17, 1920.diplomat, former Spanish ambassador to the USSR, from 1980 to 2001 President of the International Olympic Committee. Samaranch is recognized as one of the most prominent figures of the Olympic movement of the 20th century. At the IOC session held in 2001 in Moscow, he was elected honorary president of the IOC for life. The King of Spain awarded him the title of Marquis.
The father of the future marquis founded a mattress company and quickly achieved success. When Juan Antonio turned 17, a civil war broke out in Spain. Father's factories were nationalized. Juan Antonio himself was almost arrested by the Republicans at first, and then sent to the front. Only through the efforts of his mother did he manage to avoid prison and participation in hostilities, although he still had to serve in the hospital for several weeks.
After the war, Samaranch served in the army for a year, and then continued his education. At the age of 20, he received a diploma from the School of Commerce, where he first became interested in boxing, then roller hockey. In 1943 he becomes a coach. In parallel, he begins to write notes about his favorite sport for the local newspaper, signing them with the pseudonym Klyushka. In 1946, Samaranch, as vice president of the national federation, took part for the first time in the congress of the International Roller Skating Federation. He immediately attracted the attention of the Secretary General of the International Federation, a well-known jeweler in Lausanne, Otto Mayer, who soon became the Secretary of the IOC: “I found an energetic, intelligent, attentive and dedicated person who should be part of the IOC. This is a young man from Spanish hockey, Samaranch.
The rule of Samaranch was an unconditional salvation for the IOC, which practically died during the crisis of the 1970s, when there was even a moment when no country was willing to host the games. Prior to this, all financial expenses were borne by the receiving party alone. Samaranch managed to make the Olympic Movement financially self-sustaining, managing to organize sponsorship of events and contractual television broadcasts, bringing in large sums to the IOC budget.
During the reign of the IOC, Samaranch introduced the rule of addressing him as the Chairman of the IOC, "Your Excellency." Samaranch met and escorted the chauffeured limousine everywhere and waited for the presidential hotel rooms in any city, wherever and whenever he appeared.
Developments:
555 years ago July 17, 1453 The longest war in European history, the Hundred Years War, between France and Britain ended. Near the small French town of Castillon, the last battle of the Hundred Years War between England and France took place. The French detachments, using a military trick, utterly defeated the English army, and three months later, the last British outpost on the continent, the city of Bordeaux, surrendered without a fight. Of its once huge continental possessions, Britain managed to briefly retain only the port city of Calais on the French side of the Pas de Calais.
July 17 (July 4, old style), 1916 Russian pilots won the first victory in air combat over the sea. This day is considered the date of birth of Russian naval aviation. On this day, 4 M-9 aircraft, armed with machine guns and bombs, took off from Russia's first aircraft carrier Orlitsa and conducted an air battle over the Baltic Sea with four German airplanes. Then 2 Kaiser aircraft were shot down, and 2 others fled. Our pilots returned to their aircraft without loss.
On this day in 1868 The capital of Japan was moved from Kyoto to Edo. Soon this city was renamed Tokyo, which means "eastern capital".
July 17, 1917 British King George V issued a decree removing all German titles from the names of members of the royal family. The royal dynasty, until then called Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, became Windsor. The reason for this decision of the monarch was the First World War.
July 17, 1942 in the great bend of the Don, on the distant approaches to Stalingrad, the advanced units of the 6th Field Army of the Nazi troops reached the Chir River and engaged in battle with units of the 62nd Army of the Stalingrad Front under the command of Marshal Timoshenko. The great Battle of Stalingrad began.
July 17, 1945 The famous Potsdam (Berlin) conference of the heads of the countries - victors in the Second World War began its work.
On this day in 1954 in Anaheim (California, USA), the construction of the world-famous amusement park - "Disneyland" began. Exactly one year later, on July 17, 1955, the park opened. The opening ceremony was televised.
July 17, 1968 In London, the premiere of the famous full-length animated film "The Beatles" - "Yellow Submarine" took place.
On this day in 1975 The first space docking of manned spacecraft from different countries was successfully carried out: the Soviet Soyuz and the American Apollo. Alexei Leonov and Thomas Stafford shook hands.
July 17, 1996 in the USA there was a major plane crash: a Boeing 747, which took off from New York and headed for Paris, crashed almost immediately after taking off from the airport. J.F. Kennedy. All 230 passengers died.
Birthdays:
On this day in 1714 was born Alexander Gottlieb Baumgarten(1714 - May 26, 1762), famous German idealist philosopher. It was he who coined the term "aesthetics".
July 17, 1846 was born Nikolai Nikolaevich Miklukho-Maclay(1846 - 04/14/1888), a great traveler and ethnographer, who studied the life and way of life of the Papuans of New Guinea for more than 15 years.
On this day in 1894 was born Georges Lemaitre(1894 - 20.6.1966), famous Belgian astronomer, who put forward the theory of the Big Bang, from which, according to modern views, the history of our Universe began.
In 1934 was born Donald Sutherland, famous Canadian film actor.
July 17, 1939 was born Krzysztof Zanussi, renowned Polish filmmaker.
On this day in 1945 was born Alexey Lvovich Rybnikov, famous domestic composer. Remember "Juno" and "Avos"?
Sad dates:
On this day in 1762 died Peter III(February 21, 1728 - 1762), Russian emperor. Overthrown by his own wife - Catherine II, with the help of the guards.
July 17, 1790 died Adam Smith(5/6/1723 -1790), the great English economist and philosopher.
On this day in 1912 died Henri Poincare(April 29, 1854 - 1912), famous French mathematician.
On this day in 1975 died Boris Andreevich Babochkin(January 18, 1904 - 1975), legendary actor, People's Artist of the USSR, Hero of Socialist Labor. It was he who played Chapaev in the classic film of the same name.
July 17, 1995 died Juan Manuel Fangio(June 24, 1911 - 1995), famous Argentine race car driver, 5-time Formula 1 world champion (1951, 1954-1957). Only Michael Schumacher broke the record for the number of champion titles of the master.
709 BC
The first description of a total solar eclipse by the Chinese Chu Fu
1048
The German king Henry III expelled Pope Benedict IX from Rome and replaced him with Damasius II
1429
In Reims recaptured from the British, Charles VII was crowned on the French throne (the banner over his head was held by Joan of Arc during the ceremony)
1453
The French defeated the British at the Battle of Castillon, the last battle of the Hundred Years' War (French troops captured Bordeaux after this battle)
1505
After being shaken by a terrible thunderstorm while close to death, Martin Luther changed his plans to become a lawyer and became a monk at the Augustinian monastery in Erfurt.
1570
Establishment of the Jesuit Collegium in Vilna, later transformed into a university
1710
The surrender of the Riga garrison to Russian troops under the command of Field Marshal Sheremetyev during the Northern War
1754
King's College opened in New York. This institution of higher education had ten students and one professor. Thirty years later, the college changed its name to Columbia and then became a university. Today it is one of the largest and most prestigious universities in America.
1775
The world's first military hospital opens in the US
1783
Approved coat of arms of the city of Perm
1785
Slovak adventurer Moritz Benevski proclaimed himself emperor of Madagascar, declaring war on France
1791
A peaceful demonstration demanding the abdication of the French king Louis XVI was shot on the Champ de Mars in Paris
1793
Charlotte Corday, murderer of French Revolution leader Marat, executed in Paris
1841
The first issue of the English humor magazine "Punch" has been published
1854
Europe's first mountain railway launched in Austria
1868
Japan's capital moved from Kyoto to Tokyo
1907
Russian-Japanese agreement in St. Petersburg. The agreement contained articles on respect for the territorial integrity of the parties, the independence and integrity of China, on the division of Manchuria into Russian (north) and Japanese (south) spheres of influence, on the recognition of Korea as a sphere of special interests of Japan, Outer Mongolia - Russia
1911
Russia's first military truck rally between St. Petersburg and Moscow
1915
Germany and Austria signed a secret cooperation agreement with Bulgaria
1917
In the UK, all German names were removed from titles, as a result of which the ruling Saxe-Coburg-Gotha dynasty became known as the Windsor
1917
Peaceful demonstration of workers and soldiers shot in Petrograd
1917
In the Plekhanov newspaper Unity, the Russian journalist G. Aleksinsky published information that Lenin and the Bolsheviks were financed by the German government
1917
The commander of the Baltic Fleet, Admiral D. Verderevsky, refused to obey the order of the Provisional Government to send ships against the Kronstadt sailors
1918
The length of the Western Front reached a record length for the First World War - 856 km
1918
The United States proclaimed that the main principle of American intervention in the Far East would be non-interference in political events in Russia
1918
At night, in the basement of the Ipatiev House, the family of the last Emperor of All-Russian Nicholas II was shot.
1918
Council of People's Commissars adopted a resolution "On erecting monuments to great people in Moscow"
1919
End of the Polish–Ukrainian War
1923
The Council of People's Commissars of the USSR created the Council of Labor and Defense headed by V. I. Lenin
1928
Mexican politician Alvaro Obregon, who won the country's presidential election, was killed in Mexico City during an official reception
1929
The USSR severed diplomatic relations with China because of the conflict over the Chinese Eastern Railway
1933
After the completion of the construction of the Dneproges and the liquidation of the Dnieper rapids, the first steamer was launched on the route Kyiv - Kherson
1936
The Spanish Civil War began with a military mutiny
1938
American aircraft mechanic Douglas Corrigan flew from New York to Dublin by mistake (due to the fact that he mixed up the compass needles) instead of the intended route to Los Angeles
1939
The Soviet revolutionary and diplomat F. Raskolnikov was outlawed in absentia in the USSR
1939
Italy began expelling foreigners from Tyrol
1941
Reichsministry for the Occupied Eastern Territories established in Germany
1942
The first stage of the Battle of Stalingrad began (defensive)
1943
In Sicily, the Allies created a "military government of the occupied territories"
1944
An explosion occurred while unloading two ships with explosives in Port Chicago in the bay of San Francisco Bay, which killed 321 people
1944
57 thousand German prisoners of war were held in Moscow
1944
Troops of the 1st Ukrainian Front surrounded about 40 thousand German soldiers in Poland
1944
In Normandy, an English plane fired on the car of German Field Marshal E. Rommel (Johannes Erwin Eugen Rommel), who was injured
1944
First Canadian Army begins fighting in Normandy
1945
The Potsdam Conference of Allied Heads of State begins
1946
In Yugoslavia, the leader of the Chetnik partisan movement, Colonel Dragoljub Mikhailovich, and eight of his supporters were shot
1947
Indian ferry Randas capsizes in Indian Ocean, killing 625 people
1951
The Allies transferred 51 Ruhr coal companies to German control
1958
The Council of Ministers of Ukraine decided to reduce eight of the forty monasteries in the republic
1962
American X-15 aircraft, piloted by Robert White for the first time crossed the border of space (50 miles according to the classification of the US Air Force)
1962
At 0650 hours, the nuclear submarine "Leninsky Komsomol" reached the North Pole of the Earth. After returning, the boat was met at the pier by N. S. Khrushchev and Minister of Defense R. Ya. Malinovsky. As soon as the crew went ashore, the rewarding began immediately.
1968
The premiere of the Beatles' animated feature film Yellow Submarine took place in London
1968
During the coup (called the July Revolution in 1968-2003), the Ba'ath Party came to power in Iraq. This time, the Ba'ath Party ruled Iraq until 2003.
1972
Trials of Czechoslovak dissidents took place in Prague and Brno (until August 11)
1973
Monarchy overthrown and republic proclaimed in Afghanistan
1975
The Soyuz (USSR) and Apollo (USA) spacecraft docked
1975
75-year-old Modoc elephant, the oldest non-human mammal on Earth, dies in California
1976
XXI Olympic Games start in Montreal
1979
Nicaraguan dictator Anastasio Somoza fled to US
1979
Iraqi President Saddam Hussein promoted to field marshal
1982
Israel gave PLO fighters 30 days to leave Beirut
1986
During the Leningrad-Boston teleconference, the phrase "We don't have sex ..."
1989
Restored official relations between the Vatican and Poland
1989
The United States made the first flight of the B-2 Spirit bomber, the most expensive military aircraft in the world (its cost was $ 1.3 billion)
1992
After the Slovak deputies voted for the secession of Slovakia from Czechoslovakia and the creation of its own sovereign state, President Vaclav Havel resigned
1993
Government troops seized the headquarters of the Popular Front of Azerbaijan
1995
The European Union signed a trade agreement with Russia
1996
For unknown reasons, a plane exploded on a TWA 800 flight from New York to Paris, with 212 passengers and 18 crew members on board
1997
The American company "Woolworth" announced the closure of the last 50-cent stores in the United States
1998
Kosovo Albanians captured the city of Orahovtsi (Southwest Kosovo)
1998
Remains are buried in the Peter and Paul Cathedral in St. Petersburg, recognized as the remains of the family of Nicholas II, the last Russian emperor
2002
The Timiryazevsky Intermunicipal Court of Moscow ruled to terminate the activities of the Russkiye Vedomosti newspaper for inciting ethnic hatred
2002
Motorola announced a record $2.3 billion loss in the second quarter of this year. The result was caused by spending 3.4 billion dollars on the restructuring of the division for the production of computer chips
2002
Deutsche Telekom (DTEGn.DE) (DT), the former state-owned monopoly of the German telecommunications market, was the top gainer on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange on Wednesday. Investors reacted favorably to the resignation of CEO Sommer (Ron Sommer)
2002
In the northwestern Chinese province of Gansu, archaeologists have discovered a gigantic network of caves. It stretches over 50 kilometers among sheer cliffs on both sides of the Jinghe River and has 512 caves and 5 wells.
2002
The site Vesti.ru, which was popular at the time, ceased to exist, and now the vesti.ru domain has been transferred to the Vesti program of the RTR channel.
Born July 17
1785
Anna Petrovna Sontag (d. 1864), children's writer, memoirist
1787
Friedrich Krupp (d. 1826), German industrialist
1796
Jean Baptiste Camille Corot, French painter (d. 1875)
1797
Paul Delaroche (real name Hippolyte) (d. 1856), French painter, founder of naturalistic history painting
1808
Elizaveta Borisovna Kuhlman (d. 1825), German-born Russian poetess
1846
Nikolai Miklukho-Maclay (d. 1888), Russian traveler and ethnographer
1849
Olena Pchilka (real name Olga Petrovna Kosach) (d. 1930), Ukrainian writer, editor of the Rodnoy Krai magazine, mother of Lesya Ukrainka
1850
Anna Judic (real name Anne-Marie-Louise Damien) (d. 1911), French operetta artist
1867
Sergei Yegorovich Bodryagin (d. 1920), self-taught peasant poet
1868
Mikhail Bakhirev, Russian military leader and naval commander
1876
Maxim Maksimovich Litvinov (real name Max (Meer-Genoch) Movshevich Wallach) (d. 1951), Soviet statesman
1883
Moritz Stiller (d. 1928), Swedish silent film director
1887
Jack Conway (d. 1952), American director
1889
Erle Stanley Gardner (d. 1970), American novelist, mystery writer
1891
Boris Lavrenyov (d. 1959), Russian writer ("Forty-First", "Rift", "For Those at Sea", "Voice of America")
1894
Georges Lemaitre (d. 1966), Belgian astronomer and mathematician, author of the big bang theory that gave birth to the universe
1898
Berenice Abbott (d. 1991), American photographer
1899
James Cagney (d. 1986), American actor
1900
Marcel Dalio (d. 1983), French actor
1901
Bruno Jasensky (real name Viktor Yakovlevich Zisman), Polish and Russian Soviet writer ("A Man Changes His Skin", "Conspiracy of the Indifferent", "I'm Burning Paris")
1905
Edgar Snow, American journalist
1907
Roman Shukhevych (d. March 5, 1950), one of the leaders of the OUN and UPA
1909
Edwin Hardy Amies (d. 2003), English fashion designer
1911
Tadeusz Fijewski (d. 1978), Polish actor
1915
Vlado Bajic, People's Hero of Yugoslavia
1917
Dmitry Konstantinovich Belyaev (d. 1985), Russian geneticist
1926
Yuri Dodolev, Soviet writer
1932
Wojciech Kilar, Polish composer
1932
Yuri Alekseevich Kukin, bard, figure skating coach
1933
James Lloydovich Patterson, Russian poet and film actor, in early childhood the very pretty black baby, who in the famous movie "The Circus" is cradled in turn by representatives of the peoples of the former USSR, who came to the performance in the Moscow Circus on Tsvetnoy Boulevard
1934
Donald Sutherland, Canadian actor and producer
1934
Ryszard Filipski, Polish actor and director
1939
Valery Voronin, Russian footballer
1940
Alexander Igishev, Ukrainian director
1942
Spencer Davis, English rock musician
1945
Alexei Rybnikov, composer, Honored Art Worker of the RSFSR
1945
Valentina Shendrikova, actress
1947
Princess Camilla, heir to the British throne
1947
Mick Tucker (Michael Thomas Tucker) (d. 2002), drummer for the English rock band Sweet
1948
Luc Bondy, Swiss director
1949
Terry Butler, English rock musician, bass guitar ("Black Sabbath")
1949
Harry Bowman, American criminal, head of the illegal "Motorcycle Club" since 1970. For a long time he was on the FBI's most wanted list, was caught in 1999 and convicted in 2002.
1950
Derek de Lint, Dutch-American actor
1952
David Hasselhoff, American film actor and singer
1954
Angela Dorothea Merkel, German politician, leader of the Christian Democratic Union party, 8th Federal Chancellor of Germany and 34th Chancellor of Germany
1954
Elena Tonunts, actress and director
1956
Mykhailo Syrota, Ukrainian politician,
1956
Brian Trotier, Canadian ice hockey player
1957
Maria Arbatova (real name Gavrilina), Russian writer and feminist
1961
Zbigniew Zamachowski, Polish actor
1963
Letsie III, King of Lesotho
1964
Heather Langenkamp, American actress
1965
Alex Winter, American actor and screenwriter
1972
Jaap Stam, Dutch footballer
1975
Ville Virtanen, pseudonym - Darude, Finnish producer and DJ
Died July 17
1399
Jadwiga, Queen of Poland
1453
Dmitry Yurievich Shemyaka, Prince of Galicia, Grand Duke of Moscow
1766
Lan Shining (real name Giuseppe Castiglione) (b. 1688), Italian Jesuit missionary and Chinese artist
1771
Alexei Grigorievich Razumovsky, Count, Field Marshal General
1790
Adam Smith (b. 1723), English economist and philosopher
1878
Aleardo Aleardi, (b. 1812) Italian poet
1907
Hector Malo (b. 1830), French writer ("Without a Family", "Romain Calbri")
1912
Jules Henri Poincaré (b. 1854), French mathematician, astronomer, philosopher
1918
Nicholas II (b. 1868), emperor of Russia
1918
Tsarevich Alexei (b. 1904), heir to the Russian throne
1920
Heinrich Dressel (born 1845), German archaeologist and numismatist
1928
Giovanni Giolitti (b. 1842), Prime Minister of Italy
1933
Steponas Darius (b. 1896), Lithuanian pilot, national hero
1933
Stasis Girenas (b. 1893), Lithuanian pilot, national hero
1959
Billie Holiday (real name Eleanor Fagan) (b. 1915), American jazz singer, critically acclaimed as the consummate vocalist and stylist that 1930s jazz gave
1961
Olga Dmitrievna Forsh (b. 1873), writer (“Dressed with Stone”, “Mikhailovsky Castle”, “Hot Workshop”, “Under the Dome”)
1967
John Coltrane (b. 1926), American jazz saxophonist who had a huge impact on the development of jazz in the 60s and 70s
1975
Konstantin Simonovich Gamsakhurdia (b. 1891), Georgian classic writer ("The Abduction of the Moon", "David the Builder"), Academician of the Academy of Sciences of Georgia, father of the former President of Georgia
1980
Delone, Boris Nikolaevich, mathematician
1981
Sergey Sergeevich Narovchatov (b. 1919), poet ("Bonfire", "Noon", "Vasily Buslaev")
1988
Fyodor Nikitin (b. 1900), actor, film director (House in the Snowdrifts, Fragment of the Empire, Come to Me, Mukhtar!, Sold Laughter)
1989
Nicolas Guillen Batista (b. 1902), Cuban poet, anti-fascist, anti-militarist ("Songs for Soldiers", "Spain", "All Mine")
1990
Valentin Pikul (b. 1928), author of popular historical novels
1995
Juan Manuel Fangio (b. 1911), Argentine racing driver, five-time Formula One world champion
1999
John Kennedy, son of US President John F. Kennedy (in a plane crash (1960-1999),
2000
Balashov, Dmitry Mikhailovich (b. 1927), historical novelist
2001
Timur Avtandilovich Apakidze, test pilot, Major General, Hero of the Russian Federation
2005
Spartak Mishulin (b. 1926), actor of the Theater of Satire and Cinema, People's Artist of Russia
2009
Walter Leland Cronkite, Jr. (b. 1916) is an American television journalist and broadcaster. He is best known as the permanent host of the CBS Evening News for 19 years from 1962 to 1981.
The history of the world, and in particular Russia, is reflected on this page in the form of the most significant events, turning points, discoveries and inventions, wars and the emergence of new countries, turning points and cardinal decisions that took place over many centuries. Here you will get acquainted with the outstanding people of the world, politicians and rulers, generals, scientists and artists, athletes, artists, singers and many others, who and in what years of them were born and died, what mark they left in history, what they remember and what reached.
In addition to the history of Russia and the world on July 17, significant milestones and significant events that took place on this July day of spring, you will learn about historical dates, about those influential and popular people who were born and passed away on this date, and you can also get acquainted with memorable dates and folk holidays in Catholicism and Orthodoxy, signs and sayings, natural disasters, the emergence of cities and states, as well as their tragic disappearance, get acquainted with revolutions and revolutionaries, those turning points that in one way or another influenced the course of development of our planet and much other - interesting, informative, important, necessary and useful.
Folk calendar, signs and folklore July 17
July 17 is the 198th day of the year (199th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 167 days left until the end of the year.
Andrew Naliva.
They came to Andrey in bulk, and the father's oats grew to half.
Buckwheat on the rise. Grain in the spikelet, do not wallow in the cold.
"Oats in a caftan, but there is no shirt on buckskin."
Iraq, Revolution Day.
Lesotho, King's Day.
Puerto Rico Riviera Day.
Russia, Naval Aviation Day.
Russia, Ethnographer's Day.
Finland, Democracy Day.
Republic of Korea, Constitution Day.
History of Catholicism on 17 July
The memory of St. Plato of Tournes;
Memory of Compiegne martyrs;
The memory of Saint Hedwig;
The memory of Alexei Rimsky;
Commemoration of Saint Cynllo;
Memory of Magnus Felix Ennodius;
The memory of Saint Marcellina;
Commemoration of the Scillian martyrs;
The history of Orthodoxy on the day of July 17
Commemoration of St. Andrew, Archbishop of Crete (740);
The memory of the Monk Martha, mother of the Monk Simeon Divnogorets (551);
The memory of St. Andrei Rublev, icon painter (XV);
Memory of the Passion-Bearers of Emperor Nicholas II, Empress Alexandra, Tsarevich Alexy, Grand Duchesses Olga, Tatiana, Maria, Anastasia (1918);
The memory of the passion-bearer of the righteous doctor Evgeny (Botkin) (1918);
Holy Hieromartyr Demetrius the Presbyter (after 1937);
Commemoration of the Martyrs of Rome: Theodotos and Theodotia 108);
Holy Hieromartyr Theodore, Bishop of Cyrene (310);
The memory of the right-believing Grand Duke Andrei Bogolyubsky (1174);
Commemoration of St. Arseny, Bishop of Tver (1409) (movable celebration in 2016);
The memory of the Monks Tikhon, Vasily and Nikon Sokolovsky (XVI);
Uncovering the relics of St. Euthymius, Wonderworker of Suzdal (1507);
Holy Hieromartyr Savva, Bishop of Gorno-Karlovatsk (1941);
Cathedral of Saints of Tver (movable celebration in 2016);
Cathedral of the Reverend Fathers of the Pskov Caves (movable celebration in 2016).
Celebration in honor of the Galata Icon of the Mother of God.
Catholic: Alexis, Henrietta, Julia, Euphrasia, Catherine, Constance, Louise, Magnus, Maria, Martha, Marcellina, Plato, Teresa, Felix, Cynllo, Charlotte, Jadwiga.
Orthodox: Alexandra, Alexei, Anastasia, Andrei, Arseny, Asklipiada, Vasily, George, Dmitry, Donat, Evfimy, Maria, Mark, Martha, Mening, Michael, Nikolai, Nikon, Savva, Tatyana, Tikhon, Theodore, Theodot, Theodotia, Theophilus.
What happened in Russia and the world on July 17?
Below you will learn about the history of the world and Russia on July 17, the events that took place in different historical time periods and periods, starting from prehistoric times BC and the emergence of Christianity, continuing with the era of formations, transformations, times of discovery, scientific and technical revolutions, as well as interesting middle ages to modern times. Below are reflected all the significant events of this day in the history of mankind, you will learn or remember those who were born and left us in another world, what events took place, what made it so special for us to remember.
History of Russia and the world July 17 at VIII century BC
709 BC e. - The first description of a total solar eclipse by the Chinese Chu Fu.
History of Russia and the world July 17 in the XI century
1048 - King Henry III of Germany expels Pope Benedict IX from Rome and replaces him with Damasius II.
History of Russia and the world July 17 in the XV century
1429 - In Reims recaptured from the British, Charles VII was crowned on the French throne (Jeanne d'Arc held the banner over his head during the ceremony).
1453 - The French defeated the British at the Battle of Castillon, the last battle of the Hundred Years' War (after this battle, French troops captured Bordeaux).
History of Russia and the world July 17 in the XVI century
1505 - After being shocked during a terrible thunderstorm, when he was on the verge of death, Martin Luther changed his plans to become a lawyer and became a monk at the Augustinian monastery in Erfurt.
1570 - Establishment of the Jesuit college in Vilna, later transformed into a university.
History of Russia and the world July 17 in the XVIII century
1710 - The surrender of the Riga garrison to Russian troops under the command of Field Marshal Sheremetev during the Great Northern War.
1754 King's College opens in New York. This institution of higher education had ten students and one professor. Thirty years later, the college changed its name to Columbia and then became a university. Today it is one of the largest and most prestigious universities in America.
1775 - The first military hospital in the world is opened in the USA.
1783 - the coat of arms of the city of Perm was approved.
1785 - Slovak adventurer Moritz Benevsky proclaimed himself emperor of Madagascar, declaring war on France.
1791 - A peaceful demonstration demanding the abdication of the French king Louis XVI is shot on the Champ de Mars in Paris.
1793 - Charlotte Corday, murderer of French Revolution leader Marat, executed in Paris.
History of Russia and the world July 17 in the XIX century
1841 - The first issue of the English humor magazine Punch was published.
1854 - The first mountain railway in Europe was put into operation in Austria.
1868 - The Japanese capital is moved from Kyoto to Tokyo.
History in Russia and the world July 17 in the XX century
1902 - Willis Carrier proposes the first air conditioner.
1907 - Russian-Japanese agreement in St. Petersburg. The agreement contained articles on respect for the territorial integrity of the parties, the independence and integrity of China, on the division of Manchuria into Russian (north) and Japanese (south) spheres of influence, on the recognition of Korea as a sphere of special interests of Japan, Outer Mongolia - Russia.
1911 - Russia's first rally of military trucks between St. Petersburg and Moscow.
1915 - Germany and Austria signed a secret cooperation agreement with Bulgaria.
1917 - In the UK, all German names are removed from titles, as a result of which the ruling Saxe-Coburg-Gotha dynasty began to be called Windsor.
1917 - A peaceful demonstration of workers and soldiers was shot in Petrograd.
1917 - In the Plekhanov newspaper "Unity" Russian journalist G. Aleksinsky published information that Lenin and the Bolsheviks were financed by the German government.
1917 - The commander of the Baltic Fleet, Admiral D. Verderevsky, refused to obey the order of the Provisional Government to send ships against the Kronstadt sailors.
1918 - The length of the Western Front reached a record length for the First World War - 856 km.
1918 - The United States proclaimed that the main principle of American intervention in the Far East would be non-interference in political events in Russia.
1918 - At night, in the basement of the Ipatiev House, the family of the last Emperor of All-Russian Nicholas II was shot.
1918 - The Siberian Republic was proclaimed.
1918 - Council of People's Commissars adopted a resolution "On the erection of monuments to great people in Moscow."
1919 - the end of the Polish-Ukrainian war.
1923 - The Council of People's Commissars of the USSR created the Council of Labor and Defense, headed by V. I. Lenin.
1928 - Mexican politician Alvaro Obregon, who won the presidential election, is killed in Mexico City during an official reception.
1929 - The USSR severed diplomatic relations with China due to a conflict over the CER.
1933 - after the completion of the construction of the Dneproges and the liquidation of the Dnieper rapids, the first steamship was launched along the route Kyiv - Kherson.
1936 - The Spanish Civil War began with a military mutiny
1938 - American aircraft mechanic Douglas Corrigan flew from New York to Dublin by mistake (due to the fact that he mixed up the compass needles) instead of the intended route to Los Angeles.
1939 - The Soviet revolutionary and diplomat F. Raskolnikov was outlawed in absentia in the USSR.
1939 - Italy began expelling foreigners from Tyrol.
1941 - Reichsministry for the Occupied Eastern Territories established in Germany.
1942 - The first stage of the Battle of Stalingrad (defensive) began.
1943 - In Sicily, the Allies set up a "military government of the occupied territories".
1944 - While unloading two ships with explosives in Port Chicago, an explosion occurred in the bay of San Francisco Bay, which killed 321 people.
1944 - 57 thousand German prisoners of war were held in Moscow.
1944 - Troops of the 1st Ukrainian Front surrounded about 40,000 German soldiers in Poland.
1944 - In Normandy, an English plane fired on the car of German Field Marshal Erwin Rommel, who was injured.
1944 - The First Canadian Army began fighting in Normandy.
1945 - The Potsdam Conference of Allied Heads of State begins.
1946 - In Yugoslavia, the leader of the Chetnik partisan movement, Colonel Dragoljub Mikhailovich, and eight of his supporters were shot.
1947 - The Indian ferry Randas capsizes in the Indian Ocean, killing 625 people.
1951 - The Allies transferred 51 Ruhr coal companies to German control.
1958 - The Council of Ministers of Ukraine decided to reduce eight of the forty monasteries in the republic.
1962 - American X-15 aircraft, piloted by Robert White, crossed the frontier of space for the first time (50 miles according to US Air Force classification).
1962 - At 6 hours 50 minutes, the nuclear submarine "Leninsky Komsomol" reached the North Pole of the Earth. After returning, the boat was met at the pier by N. S. Khrushchev and Minister of Defense R. Ya. Malinovsky. As soon as the crew went ashore, the rewarding began immediately.
1968 - The premiere of the Beatles' animated feature film "Yellow Submarine" took place in London.
1968 - During the coup (in 1968-2003 it was called the July Revolution), the Ba'ath Party came to power in Iraq. This time, the Ba'ath Party ruled Iraq until 2003.
Tu-134 landing on the Ikshinskoye reservoir
1973 - The monarchy is overthrown in Afghanistan and a republic is proclaimed.
1975 - The Soyuz (USSR) and Apollo (USA) spacecraft docked.
1975 - In California, the 75-year-old Modoc elephant, the oldest mammal (excluding humans) on Earth, died.
1976 - The XXI Olympic Games began in Montreal.
1979 - Nicaraguan dictator Anastasio Somoza fled to the United States.
1979 - Iraqi President Saddam Hussein is promoted to the rank of field marshal.
1981 - In Kansas City, Missouri, two suspended galleries collapsed at the Hyatt Regency hotel, killing 114 people and injuring 216.
1982 - Israel gave PLO fighters 30 days to leave Beirut.
1986 - During the Leningrad-Boston teleconference, the phrase "We don't have sex ..."
1989 - Official relations between the Vatican and Poland are restored.
1989 - The B-2 Spirit bomber, the most expensive military aircraft in the world, made its first flight in the United States (its cost was $ 1.3 billion).
1992 - After the Slovak deputies voted for Slovakia's secession from Czechoslovakia and the creation of its own sovereign state, the country's President Václav Havel (Václav Havel) resigned.
1993 - Government troops captured the headquarters of the Popular Front of Azerbaijan.
1995 - The European Union signed a trade agreement with Russia.
1996 - For unknown reasons, an airplane flying TWA 800 from New York to Paris exploded with 212 passengers and 18 crew members on board.
1997 - The American company Woolworth announced the closure of the last 50-cent stores in the United States.
1998 - Kosovo Albanians captured the city of Orahovac (Southwest Kosovo).
1998 - The remains, recognized as the remains of the family of Nicholas II, the last Russian emperor, are buried in the Peter and Paul Cathedral in St. Petersburg.
History of Russia and the world July 17 - in the XXI century
2002 - The Timiryazevsky Intermunicipal Court of Moscow issued a decision to terminate the activities of the Russkiye Vedomosti newspaper for inciting ethnic hatred.
2002 - Motorola posted a record $2.3 billion loss in the second quarter of this year. The result was due to spending $3.4 billion to restructure the computer chip business.
2002 - Deutsche Telekom (DTEGn.DE) (DT), the former state-owned monopoly of the German telecommunications market, became the top gainer on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange on Wednesday. Investors reacted favorably to the resignation of CEO Sommer (Ron Sommer).
2002 - In the northwestern Chinese province of Gansu, archaeologists discover a giant network of caves. It stretches over 50 kilometers among sheer cliffs on both sides of the Jinghe River and has 512 caves and 5 wells.
2002 - The site Vesti.ru, which was popular at the time, ceased to exist, and now the vesti.ru domain has been transferred to the Vesti program of the RTR channel.
2012 - As a result of the erosion of the natural embankment, Maashey Lake ceased to exist.
2014 - Boeing 777 crash (Amsterdam - Kuala Lumpur), which led to the death of 298 people, the cause is being investigated.
The history of July 17 - which of the greats was born
Born celebrities of the world and Russia on July 17 in the XVIII century
1785 - Anna Petrovna Sontag (d. 1864), children's writer, memoirist.
1787 - Friedrich Krupp (d. 1826), German industrialist
1796 - Jean Baptiste Camille Corot, French painter (d. 1875)
1797 - Paul Delaroche (real name Hippolyte) (d. 1856), French painter, founder of naturalistic historical painting.
Born with I am a celebrity of the world and Russia July 17 in the XIX century
1808 - Elizaveta Borisovna Kuhlman (d. 1825), Russian poetess of German origin
1846 - Nikolai Miklukho-Maclay (d. 1888), Russian traveler and ethnographer
1849 - Olena Pchilka (real name Olga Petrovna Kosach; d. 1930), Ukrainian writer, editor of the Rodnoy Krai magazine, mother of Lesya Ukrainka.
1850 - Anna Judic (real name Anna-Marie-Louise Damien) (d. 1911), French operetta artist.
1868 - Mikhail Bakhirev, Russian military leader and naval commander.
1876 - Maxim Maksimovich Litvinov (real name Max (Meer-Genoch) Movshevich Wallach; d. 1951), Soviet statesman.
1883 - Moritz Stiller (d. 1928), Swedish silent film director
1887 - Jack Conway (d. 1952), American director.
1889 - Erle Stanley Gardner (d. 1970), American author of detective stories
1891 - Boris Lavrenyov (d. 1959), Russian writer ("Forty-First", "Rift", "For Those at Sea", "Voice of America").
1894 - Georges Lemaitre (d. 1966), Belgian astronomer and mathematician, author of the big bang theory that gave birth to the universe.
1898 - Berenice Abbott (d. 1991), American photographer
1899 - James Cagney (d. 1986), American actor
1900 - Marcel Dalio (d. 1983), French actor
Born celebrities of the world and Russia on July 17 in the XX century
1901 - Bruno Yasensky (real name Viktor Yakovlevich Zisman), Polish and Russian Soviet writer ("A Man Changes His Skin", "Conspiracy of the Indifferent", "I'm Burning Paris").
1905 - Edgar Snow, American journalist
1911 - Tadeusz Fijewski (d. 1978), Polish actor.
1915 - Vlado Bajic, People's Hero of Yugoslavia.
1917 - Dmitry Konstantinovich Belyaev (d. 1985), Russian geneticist.
1920 - Juan Antonio Samaranch, a prominent Spanish politician and businessman, the seventh president of the International Olympic Committee (1980-2001).
1926 - Yuri Dodolev, Soviet writer.
1927 - Igor Simonov, People's Artist of the RSFSR.
1932 - Wojciech Kilyar, Polish composer.
1932 - Yuri Alekseevich Kukin, bard, figure skating coach.
1933 - James Lloydovich Patterson, Russian poet and film actor, in early childhood the same pretty black baby who, in the famous movie "Circus", is cradled in turn by representatives of the peoples of the former USSR, who came to a performance at the Moscow Circus on Tsvetnoy Boulevard.
1935 - Donald Sutherland, Canadian actor and producer
1939 - Valery Voronin, Russian footballer
1940 - Alexander Igishev, Ukrainian director.
1940 - Alexandra Nazarova, Russian actress
1963 - Letsie III, King of Lesotho.
1975 - Ville Virtanen, pseudonym - Darude, Finnish producer and DJ.
Born celebrities of the world and Russia on July 17 in the XXI century
Died on July 17 - famous people of Russia and the world
1399 - Jadwiga, Queen of Poland.
Which of the famous people of the world and Russia died on July 17 in the XV century
1453 - Dmitry Yuryevich Shemyaka, Prince of Galicia, Grand Duke of Moscow.
Which of the famous people of the world and Russia died on July 17 in the XVIII century
1766 - Lan Shining (real name Giuseppe Castiglione) (b. 1688), Italian Jesuit missionary and Chinese artist
1790 - Adam Smith (b. 1723), English economist and philosopher
1959 - Billie Holiday (real name Eleanor Fagan) (b. 1915), American jazz singer, critically acclaimed as the unsurpassed vocalist and stylist that jazz of the 1930s gave.
1961 - Olga Dmitrievna Forsh (b. 1873), writer ("Dressed with Stone", "Mikhailovsky Castle", "Hot Shop", "Under the Dome").
1967 - John Coltrane (b. 1926), American jazz saxophonist who had a huge impact on the development of jazz in the 60s and 70s.
1975 - Konstantin Simonovich Gamsakhurdia (b. 1891), Georgian classic writer ("The Abduction of the Moon", "David the Builder"), Academician of the Academy of Sciences of Georgia, father of the former President of Georgia.
1980 - Delaunay, Boris Nikolaevich, mathematician.
1981 - Sergei Sergeevich Narovchatov (b. 1919), poet ("Bonfire", "Noon", "Vasily Buslaev").
1988 - Fyodor Nikitin (b. 1900), actor, film director ("House in the Snowdrifts", "Fragment of the Empire", "Come to Me, Mukhtar!", "Sold Laughter").
1989 - Nicolas Guillen (b. 1902), Cuban poet, anti-fascist, anti-militarist ("Songs for Soldiers", "Spain", "All Mine").
1995 - Juan Manuel Fangio (b. 1911), Argentine racing driver, five-time Formula One world champion
2000 - Balashov, Dmitry Mikhailovich (b. 1927), historical novelist.
Which of the famous people of the world and Russia died on July 17 - in the XXI century
2001 - Timur Avtandilovich Apakidze, test pilot, major general, Hero of the Russian Federation.
2005 - Spartak Mishulin (b. 1926), actor of the Theater of Satire and Cinema, People's Artist of Russia.
2009 - Walter Leland Cronkite, Jr. (b. 1916), American television journalist and broadcaster. He is best known as the permanent host of the CBS evening news for 19 years from 1962 to 1981.
The history of July 17 - what significant happened in Russia and in the world ...
July 17, like any other day of the year, is individual and remarkable in its own way, it has its own history in Russia and in each individual country of the world, which you learned about in this material. We hope you liked it and you learned more, expanded your horizons - after all, knowing a lot is useful and important!
Any day of the year is remembered and distinctive in its own way, including this one - we hope you were interested in learning its history, because you learned more about it, events and people who were lucky enough to be born on July 17, to get acquainted with what he left us with you as an inheritance after yourself.
