How to regulate the work of the sebaceous glands on the face. Nutrition for the sebaceous glands

Every girl strives to ensure that her face looks beautiful, and her skin is uniform, matte, clean. But not everyone can achieve this. Oily facial skin is becoming an increasingly common problem of modern girls. And it's not just an unpleasant greasy sheen. Oily skin is enlarged pores, a tendency to form comedones, acne, inflammation. Because of all this, you have to use a large amount of decorative cosmetics that mask defects. Under a thick layer of cosmetics, the skin fades, even more sebaceous fat is released, more and more new problems appear. To break this vicious circle, you need to act in stages. First, let's figure out why the skin of the face becomes oily.

Causes of oily skin

1. Increased activity of the sebaceous glands may be the result of hormonal changes in the body. That is why most often the skin becomes oily in adolescence - at the time of puberty. In addition, the sebaceous glands can be activated due to pregnancy, during menopause, before menstrual bleeding.
2. Sometimes the skin becomes oily due to malnutrition. A large amount of fatty, spicy, smoked and salty foods leads to malfunctions in the intestines, which will certainly affect the skin.
3. Cosmetics, oddly enough, can also be the cause of increased oiliness of the face. Poor-quality products that completely clog pores do not allow sebum to come out, which increases their production. In addition, makeup should be removed every evening, using special products that deeply cleanse the skin.
4. If the increased secretion of sebaceous fat has appeared recently, this may be due to the intake of certain drugs. Certain groups of drugs have such a side effect - the appearance of oily skin.
5. Sometimes the skin can become oily only on hot days of the year. This is a completely natural manifestation of the body - the epidermis protects itself from overdrying. In this case, you just need to take better care of your face.
6. Chronic infectious diseases, heredity, increased testosterone levels in the body, disorders in the liver and pancreas, prolonged stress and nervous experiences - all this can provoke the active work of the sebaceous glands.

To find out the true cause of this cosmetic problem, you need to analyze the quality of your life, your diet, the time when excessive oily skin appeared. Try to understand what caused this condition. You may need to see a doctor for this. In the meantime, let's talk about how to care for oily skin in order to normalize the functioning of the sebaceous glands.

Many of us try to take care of our facial skin, but we often make mistakes, due to which the condition of the epidermis becomes even more deplorable.

1. Girls with oily skin often wipe their face with alcohol-based tonics and lotions. This is fundamentally wrong. Alcohol dries out the skin, causing the pores to produce even more oil to get rid of that dryness. It is necessary to wipe the face with alcohol-containing compounds no more than a couple of times a week.
2. Oily skin types should not be exfoliated frequently. The constant removal of the keratinized layer of the skin leads to an increase in the work of the sebaceous glands.
3. Do not wash your face with hot water, this also leads to the active production of sebum. You need to wash with cool water - it will not only cleanse the skin, but also narrow the pores.
4. You should also not steam your face - this will open the already enlarged pores.
5. Use skin care products that suit your skin type. Oily cream clogs pores, causing them to clog, which invariably leads to oily skin and acne.
6. If the cause of increased fat content is hormonal, it is worth talking with your doctor about taking oral contraceptives. Their reception normalizes the hormonal background, some of them are prescribed even for men.
7. Try to eat right - less fat and starchy foods, more fresh fruits and vegetables. This will benefit not only your skin, but also your figure. To improve metabolism, drink decoctions of medicinal herbs.
8. To improve the appearance of the skin, you can use special matting wipes that can be used anywhere. In summer, do not forget to moisturize your skin with micellar water. This will save your face from an unpleasant oily sheen.

In addition, you need to monitor your face, regularly remove makeup in the evenings, use only high-quality cosmetics. By improving the quality of life and changing the principles of skin care, you can achieve good results.

Rubbing oily skin

Oily skin implies the presence of a thin layer of fat on the surface of the dermis, which casts an unpleasant sheen. To get rid of it, you need to wipe the skin with special compounds that can suppress the activity of the sebaceous glands.

One of the best cleansers for oily skin is apple cider vinegar. Dissolve three tablespoons of vinegar in a glass of water and wipe the skin with this composition several times a day. The effect of matte skin will be noticeable after a week of regular use. Store the prepared solution in the refrigerator, closed.

Herbal rubbing and washing very well help. Make a decoction of one or more herbs and wipe your face with it daily - in the morning and in the evening after removing makeup. Calendula will help get rid of acne and inflammation, the sequence will heal and dry open wounds, oak bark will suppress the activity of the sebaceous glands, nettle will put pores in order, plantain will cope with acne due to its antiseptic properties.

Another effective way to remove excess oil and narrow pores is to rub the skin with ice. In the morning, ice rubbing will invigorate the skin and relieve morning puffiness. And in the evening, ice will soothe the skin after removing makeup. Instead of plain water for freezing ice cubes, you can use herbal decoctions, cucumber water, fruit and berry juices. In addition, you only need to prepare the product once - then the finished ice cubes will always be at hand.

There are many recipes that will help you make your skin matte and velvety.

1. Clay. Clay masks will help get rid of oiliness. Best of all, masks made of white, blue and black clay will cope with the problem. For greater effect, they can be bred not on water, but on a decoction of herbs.
2. Kefir, lemon and oatmeal. These components are widely used in the fight against the activity of the sebaceous glands. If you combine them in one mask, you get an incredibly effective remedy that will cope with even the most oily skin. Mix a tablespoon of warm yogurt with the juice of half a lemon. Add a handful of ground oatmeal to the mass to make a gruel. Apply to cleansed skin and leave on for 30 minutes. Oatmeal absorbs sebum, lemon dries and whitens the skin, kefir softens the effect of lemon and nourishes the skin with vitamins. The matte effect is noticeable after the first application.
3. starch and cucumber juice. Mix cucumber juice with starch and apply the mass on your face. Wash off with cool water after 20 minutes.
4. Egg white. Protein is another effective remedy for oily skin. It can be used as an independent tool and as part of multicomponent masks. Beat the protein with kefir and lemon juice and apply on the face, leave for 15 minutes. If you feel a slight tightness of the face after rinsing, apply a thin layer of light cream to the skin.
5. Banana. This fruit contains a lot of starch, which means it will help make your face velvety and matte. Just mash the pulp of a banana with a fork or blender, apply the pulp on your face. Hold for 10 minutes, then wash with warm water.
6. Radish and cucumber. Radish suppresses the activity of the sebaceous glands, and cucumber nourishes and moisturizes the skin of the face. Mix the crushed pulp of vegetables with a grater and apply it on your face. Vegetable juice can be stored in the refrigerator and wiped on the face daily.

Natural masks are not only effective and absolutely harmless. They are also easy to prepare, which makes them accessible to everyone.

Oily facial skin is not a reason to cover up with a huge amount of powder and create the effect of a “plastered” face. A few rules for caring for this type of skin, changing eating habits, folk recipes for masks and rubbing will help you eliminate this cosmetic defect. Use natural remedies to combat oily skin and be perfect!

Video: what to do if you have oily problem skin

Today, diseases of the sebaceous glands are the number one problem for adolescents and young people.

Acne is an inflammation of the sebaceous glands. They occur due to blockage of the duct of the sebaceous gland. In girls and boys during puberty, acne (black or gray plugs) appears on the chest, face and back. When pressed, a sebaceous secret is released from them.

Fat that stagnates in the outlet ducts of the sebaceous glands begins to decompose, which creates favorable conditions for the reproduction of microbes. Therefore, inflammation forms around the plugs (acne in the form of pustules). If they are not treated, they can grow into more painful and deeper seals, which, when opened, exude pus and leave scars. Not too pronounced acne, as a rule, disappears by the age of 20-25, and more pronounced by 30-35.

Acne treatment.Acne treatment complex, it includes both external and internal means. It is very important to follow a diet: it is necessary to give up smoked meats, fatty meats, limit the consumption of honey, sugar, eggs, jam and eat more fruits, vegetables and dairy products.

It is necessary to monitor the cleanliness of the skin, protect it from dirt and dust, use cosmetics with caution, as some ointments and creams can contribute to the development of this disease.

A good effect in the treatment of acne is the use of medicinal plants (nettle, chamomile, aloe, etc.), which are used for poultices, baths, ointments, compresses.

Seborrhea is a skin disease that is associated with dysfunction of the sebaceous glands. As a rule, it develops during puberty (at 12-18 years).

Seborrhea can be oily(with hyperfunction of the sebaceous glands) and dry(with hypofunction). With seborrhea, not only sebum secretion is disturbed, but the chemical composition of sebum and its physical properties also change significantly.

With oily seborrhea due to excess sebum secretion changes the condition and appearance of seborrheic areas of the skin (nose, cheeks, scalp, forehead, back and chin). The skin becomes rough, rough and acquires a greasy sheen. It quickly becomes dirty, as dust lingers on it quite easily. The openings of the hair follicles are slightly protruding, dilated and filled with comedones (grayish or black dots).

When squeezing the skin, a sebaceous secret is released. Hair gets greasy pretty quickly, becomes glued and shiny. Approximately by the age of 20, they begin to fall out, and by the age of 25-29 quite pronounced baldness is often observed. By the age of 30, sebum secretion, as a rule, becomes less intense. In people suffering from oily seborrhea, increased excitability, disruption of the gastrointestinal tract are noted.

With dry seborrhea, there is peeling, lack of elasticity of the skin of the back, face, chest and scalp. The sebaceous glands secrete a pathologically altered secret, which dries quickly on the surface of the skin, does not lubricate or nourish it.

Hair becomes brittle and thin, dry white dandruff appears. The reasons for such dryness of hair and skin may be endocrine and nervous regulation disorders (thyroid disease), lack of vitamins (especially vitamins of group A).

Seborrhea contributes to the development of diseases such as pustular inflammation, acne, etc.

Seborrhea treatment. A good effect in the treatment of seborrhea is provided by water procedures: showers, baths, sea baths. It is also important to eat a balanced and regular diet (consume enough fruits, vegetables, dairy products). It is necessary to abandon smoked meats, canned food, spicy and fatty foods, sweet, flour, coffee, etc.

Oily skin can be annoying, and sometimes you may feel like there's nothing you can do about it. In people with oily skin, the sebaceous glands produce too much sebum. While oily skin is linked to genetic factors, hormones, and other factors, there are several ways to take care of oily skin. To reduce the production of sebum, consult a dermatologist, the doctor will advise medications, it is also important to clean such skin regularly, and you can also try some natural remedies to reduce the production of sebum.

Steps

Medicines

Preparations with retinoids. If you have oily, acne-prone skin, then you should probably see a dermatologist and discuss retinoid treatment. This type of medication is used to treat acne and excess sebum. Preparations with retinoids are both in the form of tablets (isotretinoin) and in the form of creams or gels (tretinoin, adapalene, tazarotene). Oral retinoids are often more effective than creams or gels. However, it is likely that the doctor will prescribe creams or gels, as they have fewer side effects compared to pills.

Androgen inhibitors. Excess sebum production can be caused by excess androgenic hormones. If the skin is oily because of this, then the doctor will prescribe androgen inhibitor drugs, such as spironolactone or cyproterone. These medications help reduce the amount of sebum produced by the body. Preparations can be both oral and topical.

Contraceptive drugs with estrogen. If you are a girl and suffer from excessive sebum production, then you can try taking hormonal contraceptives. In some cases, they help make the skin less oily, however, in other girls, they only exacerbate the problems. Ask your doctor if this option will work for you.

• Contraceptive drugs reduce the amount of androgens in the body, and this, in turn, reduces the production of sebum.

1. Light therapy and laser therapy. Light therapy and laser therapy are often used to reduce sebum production. Photodynamic therapy and diode laser therapy can reduce sebum production by the sebaceous glands. Many dermatologists recommend light or laser therapy along with other treatments. But remember that some medications can make your skin sensitive to light, so laser therapy may not be right for you.

   • Light and laser therapy may be good options for those who cannot use medication, such as pregnant women. These treatments are non-invasive and fairly safe.
   • Multiple treatments are often required for best results, and they can be quite expensive.

2. Do not use rough materials for washing. A lot of people think that rubbing the skin will get rid of fat better, but in fact, this can aggravate the skin condition. Do not use sponges or washcloths. Scrubbing the skin with such materials damages the skin and makes it more oily. Do not use such rough products, and if you want, use only soft materials.

   Adjust skin care measures as needed. The production of sebum depends on the season. Hormone levels also fluctuate every week or every month. All this can affect the production of sebum. If you notice that your skin has become more oily than usual, then start washing with an oily skin cleanser more often.

   • You can use toners or make clay skin masks if your skin has become more oily. Apply toners or masks only to oily areas of the face or body. These products are very drying to the skin.
   • For example, in summer the sebaceous glands can produce more secretion than in winter. And this means that you need different means for washing in winter and summer.

   Folk remedies

   1. Make an egg white mask. Periodically arrange a "spa day" for yourself and make an egg white mask - this will help reduce sebum production. Egg whites are a natural remedy that absorbs sebum. To make a mask, mix egg white with honey. Add some flour to make the mask into a paste-like consistency. Apply the mask to the face or parts of the body where excess sebum is produced.

      • Wash off the mask with warm water after 10 minutes.

   2. Make masks out of baking soda. Baking soda masks help reduce skin secretion. Mix baking soda with water in a ratio of 3:1. Then apply the resulting paste on your face with light massage movements and leave it on the skin for about five minutes. After that, rinse with warm water and dry your face.

Update: December 2018

The condition of the skin depends on the hormonal background, hygiene habits of a person, the level of immunity and heredity. Inflammation of the sebaceous glands is the most common disease of the dermis, which develops due to the negative impact of these factors. In the medical literature, this condition is referred to as "acne" or "acne", for most people the more familiar word is "pimples". However, regardless of the name, this disease affects the appearance of a person, can reduce his self-esteem and repel other people from him. Therefore, its elimination is a priority for most patients.

You can learn detailed information about the causes of acne, prevention, methods of correct and effective treatment from this article.

Fundamentals of anatomy

Almost the entire surface of the body is covered with sebaceous glands. These are small formations that produce sebum, with short and branched excretory ducts. A particularly large number of them are located around the hair - on average, there are 7-9 glands around one hair follicle. Also, in most people, their accumulation can be found in the following areas of the body:

• Face. Separately, it should be noted the skin around the lips, forehead and cheeks;
• Back, especially in its upper half;
• Neck and chest;
• Armpits;
• Member and labia minora;
• Skin around the nipples.

Acne can occur anywhere on the body, but these areas are the most commonly problematic. A person has only two places where acne cannot form. These are the palms and feet. In these places, the skin has a special structure - it has a thickened epidermis, there are no sebaceous glands and hair follicles.

Why acne occurs

The causes of inflammation can be divided into 4 main groups: hormonal changes, increased dryness of the skin, excessive production of sebum and infection. In some cases, one person may have several causes of the disease. At the same time, it is important to eliminate each of them in order to obtain the optimal effect from the treatment.

It is also important to consider heredity as a factor in the development of acne. Scientists have proven that parents with severe acne in the present or past, children are more susceptible to this disease. Knowing this fact, it is possible to carry out preventive measures in a timely manner, correcting the condition of the dermis.

Restructuring of the hormonal background

The amount of sebum produced is most affected by the ratio of sex hormones in the blood of a person. Of fundamental importance are:

1. Androgens(testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, DHEA-S). Male hormones lead to increased work of not only sebaceous, but also sweat glands. Therefore, an increase in their concentration can lead to acne;
2. Progesterone. This is the "hormone of pregnancy", which is intensively produced in women after the middle of the menstrual cycle and immediately after conception. Causes swelling of the excretory duct, which leads to stagnation of sebum;
3. Estrogens(estrone, estriol, estradiol). These substances relieve swelling and restore the patency of the excretory ducts of the glands, somewhat reduce their secretion. A lack of estrogen can also cause acne.

There are moments in the lives of people of both sexes when hormonal changes are the norm. In this case, the formation of acne is a temporary effect and does not require special treatment, except in cases of infection. However, when changing the amount of sex hormones against the background of the disease, it is necessary to carefully approach the issues of therapy. In this case, it may be necessary to consult not only a general practitioner, but also a gynecologist, andrologist or endocrinologist.

To distinguish the disease from the norm, it is necessary to know the periods when hormonal changes occur. These include:

Above were listed the conditions in which the occurrence of acne is considered a variant of the norm. In all other cases, the appearance of acne should be considered a sign of the disease.

Increased dry skin

A fairly common cause of inflammation of the skin glands is their blockage with horny scales. With excessive dryness of the skin in a person, its surface layer begins to quickly exfoliate. These particles of the epidermis can close the sebaceous ducts and lead to the formation of acne.

Many factors influence the degree of moisture in the skin. The most important of them are:

• Age over 40. Over the years, the body's ability to restore is inevitably depleted. It is more difficult for the cells of the dermis to retain the required amount of moisture and trace elements, so it must be additionally moisturized with the help of cosmetics;
• Climate. This term refers not only to weather conditions, but also to the surrounding microclimate: indoor temperature, air humidity, the use of gadgets to control temperature.
  • Negative influence renders dry and frosty air, low air humidity, the use of air conditioners, heat convectors, heat guns, etc.;
  • positive influence has warm and humid air (optimal is sea), air humidifiers for rooms. If it is necessary to use thermal elements or air conditioners, it is recommended to combine them with air humidifiers.
• Hot bath or shower. The surface of the skin in a healthy person is protected by a lipid layer that prevents it from drying out. High temperature water destroys this natural defense, which can be a factor in acne;
• Hygiene products. Using ordinary soap to wash the skin of the face or intimate areas can cause its increased dryness. Since the protective layers of the dermis are more vulnerable in these areas, it is necessary to use special lines of hygiene products to care for them, for example: milk or face wash, micellar water, tonic lotion, intimate hygiene soap and others.
• Skin diseases such as allergic dermatitis, psoriasis, eczema, etc.;
• Endocrine diseases, for example: diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome / disease.

In the treatment of inflammation of the sebaceous glands, the identification of harmful factors is of great importance. Therapy may not bring any effect for a long time if the cause of acne formation is not identified and eliminated.

Excess sebum production

At the moment, only three reasons are reliably known that can enhance the work of the glands: an increased content of androgens (described above), certain foods and the disease "seborrhea". In the course of research by domestic doctors, it was determined that products with a high content of fatty acids have the greatest harm to the skin. These include:

• Chocolate and cocoa;
• Nuts;
• Some types of cheese: feta cheese, suluguni, pigtail cheese and other pickled cheeses;
• Fatty meats (veal, beef, lamb, etc.) and products of their processing.

Carbonated and caffeinated drinks can also become a factor in the development of acne. Some scientists believe that the substances contained in them also increase the production of fat.

The next significant factor is the disease, the only sign of which is the presence of oily skin. Until now, scientists have not identified the causes of seborrhea. It is believed that this disorder is inherited and develops under the influence of adverse factors (described above).

Joining the infection

Microorganisms are the main cause of inflammation. When certain bacteria penetrate the skin, immune processes are activated, pus is formed, and surrounding tissues are damaged. Against the background of an unfavorable course of the disease, bacteria can spread to neighboring areas and contribute to the formation of large conglomerates of acne.

At the moment, the role of only one type of microbe in the development of acne has been proven - Propionobacterium Acne (Latin name - Propionibacterium acne). That is why in the treatment of patients with this disease, antimicrobials of local or general action are necessarily used.

Appearance and symptoms

Basically, there are two groups of acne. The first includes acne that occurs only due to blockage of the excretory ducts. The second option develops with a combination of inflammation with the closure of the mouth of the gland. They must be distinguished from each other, since the tactics of treatment depend on this. Each of the species has its own characteristic features, such as appearance, soreness and density when palpated.

To determine your acne variant, it is enough to use the information from the table below:

After determining the type of acne, it is also necessary to find out the severity of the disease. Only then can the optimal treatment option be determined. It is strongly recommended to consult a dermatologist for this purpose, as self-treatment can lead to incomplete recovery from the disease and irreversible damage to the skin.

The severity of the disease

To find out how severe the disease is, it is enough to determine the nature of acne and count the number of these elements. Currently, there are the following criteria for pathology:

• Light degree. A person has only non-inflammatory elements or the number of papules, pustules less than 10;
• Moderate course. The number of papules and pustules is from 10 to 40;
• Severe illness. Papules and pustules in total more than 40 (all over the body) or the presence of indurative, conglobate acne is noted.

It should be noted that any severity of acne is treated at home. However, the more severe the pathology is, the higher the risk of irreversible skin damage.

Treatment

Therapy of any form of the disease is recommended to be carried out under the supervision of a general practitioner or dermatovenereologist, who will determine the optimal tactics. The treatment regimen for blockage of the sebaceous glands is determined by the severity of the disease and the cause that caused the development of acne. In cases where it is not possible to find out the cause, the doctor is guided solely by the severity of the disease.

Definitions of treatment tactics

There are several areas of acne therapy - diet, cosmetic procedures (daily skin care), the use of topical drugs and systemic treatment. Diet changes are indicated for all patients. For the rest of the nuances, there are the following recommendations for the selection of the volume of therapeutic measures:

Diet

It has been proven that a small change in diet can significantly reduce the number of acne. The exclusion of certain products allows you to reduce the secretion of the sebaceous glands and eliminate one of the risk factors for acne.

• It is recommended to exclude: carbonated drinks, cocoa, nuts, pickled cheeses (brynza, suluguni, etc.);
• Should be limited: chocolate, meat with a high content of fatty acids (veal, pork, lamb and others), coffee.

Cosmetic skin care

Elimination of acne must necessarily include this component of therapy. It is needed to increase the moisture of the skin and reduce flaking - this will help reduce the likelihood of blockage of the glands. For optimal results, the following hygiene guidelines must be observed:

1. Problem areas of the skin should be washed 2 times a day. More frequent or less frequent care can negatively affect the condition of the skin;
2. Water for procedures should be used at room temperature, as large temperature changes cause severe peeling of the epidermis;
3. After washing, the skin should be blotted with a soft towel, and not rubbed with it;
4. It is necessary to abandon the use of alcohol-containing lotions, sharply alkaline or acidic agents. Their pH (acidity) should be neutral or slightly deviate from this value (pH = 7±1.5);
5. Scrubs should not be used, as mechanical irritation of the dermis can increase the production of sebum;
6. For additional moisturizing of the skin, you can use Physiogel or Cetafil cream, 1-2 times a day. According to national guidelines, these products are optimally suited for the complex treatment of acne.

The selection of daily care products is carried out with the help of the attending doctor. As already mentioned, for this purpose, you can use both general cosmetic lines (Nivea, Dove, etc.) and specialized products (Aisida, Xemoz, and others).

Local therapy

This treatment method consists in applying drugs to problem areas of the skin. At the moment, there are several groups of drugs for topical use. These are antiseptic and keratolytic (exfoliating) substances, preparations with vitamin A and combined agents. The standard treatment regimen involves the use of one pharmacological drug from each group, or a drug with a combined effect.

Preparations with retinoic acid

This group has a complex effect on the dermis - they reduce the activity of the inflammatory process, prevent the excessive formation of horny scales and weaken the sebaceous glands. Currently, Adapalen (Differin) is considered the optimal pharmacological preparation. It is highly effective and easy to use, but it acts rather slowly - the first effects of its use develop after 4-6 weeks.

Adapalene is available in the form of a gel and cream, applied once a day, at bedtime, at the end of hygiene procedures. After that, the face is not wiped and not moisturized. The average course duration is 3 months.

Antimicrobial treatment

Medicines from this group should be prescribed in the presence of inflammation of the sebaceous glands, that is, when papules, pustules, conglobates and other elements occur. At the moment, dermatologists recommend using one of the following antibacterial agents:

It is necessary to apply any antibacterial drug 2 times / day after washing on clean, dry skin. He needs to give time to act for 20-30 minutes. During this time, do not wipe or wet the skin.

Combined drugs

This group was developed by pharmacologists for the convenience of patients. The presence in one "bottle" of several active ingredients allows you not to buy several drugs, but to limit yourself to one. Also, combined products are easier to use - one application of them allows you to have a complex effect on the dermis.

Here are the most common and effective combinations:

General treatment methods

This method of therapy is resorted to only in severe stages of the disease or on an individual basis with moderate severity (for example, with the ineffectiveness of local treatment). The main goals when using drugs with a systemic effect are the elimination of harmful microbes, the reduction of desquamation of the epidermis, or the elimination of the causes of the disease.

Antibiotic therapy

Acne pathogens show the least resistance to two groups of antibiotics - tetracyclines and macrolides. These groups include different drugs, from which it is necessary to choose one that is best suited for a particular patient. This task for the attending physician - it is strongly not recommended to prescribe treatment on your own.

At the moment, in order to eliminate purulent inflammation of the sebaceous glands, the following antibiotics are widely used:

During therapy, the following principles must be observed:

1. The minimum course of therapy is 10 days. This duration prevents the formation of resistance in bacteria to the antibiotic, which will allow in the future to conduct a second course in case of recurrence of the disease;
2. You should not interrupt the course of antibiotics, except in cases of intolerance;
3. In the presence of concomitant pathologies (diabetes, atrial fibrillation, thrombosis of arteries or veins, etc.), the dose and type of antimicrobial agent must be agreed with the doctor, since drugs can affect each other;
4. Alcohol should be completely avoided while taking medications, as the combination can lead to severe liver damage.

Retinoic acid preparations

According to modern recommendations, for the treatment of severe forms of acne, only one pharmacological preparation from this group is used - Isotretinoin (Acnecutane, Roaccutane). It reduces the work of the sebaceous glands throughout the body and reduces the peeling of the epidermis. Despite its high efficiency, retinoic acid has a large number of side effects. Of these, dyspeptic disorders (nausea, loose stools, abdominal pain), weakness, dizziness, and decreased performance are most often manifested in patients.

It is important to note that it is only used for severe acne resistant to other therapies. Isotretinoin absolutely contraindicated during pregnancy, at the time of its reception, a woman needs to take care of adequate contraception.

Hormonal correction

This procedure is carried out only as prescribed by a gynecologist. It is indicated for women who have a hormonal disorder confirmed by laboratory methods. For this purpose, various drugs can be used, depending on whether a woman is planning a pregnancy in the next 6 months or not.

If there are no plans to conceive, hormonal contraceptives are usually recommended, in the form of pills, applicators, vaginal rings, implants, etc. When planning pregnancy, it is possible to use "cyclic hormone therapy" - estrogen in the first phase of the cycle and progesterone after the middle of the menstrual cycle.

Elimination of acne during pregnancy

This is a rather complex issue that has not been finally resolved to date. The fact is that before prescribing the drug to a pregnant woman, full-fledged clinical trials should be carried out on this particular group of people. However, pharmacological companies and independent associations of doctors are wary of conducting these experiments, because of the likelihood of complications in the fetus or mother. Therefore, no topical preparation has been confirmed to be safe.

Nevertheless, the accumulated experience of domestic doctors allows the following scheme to be used for the treatment of pregnant or breastfeeding women:

1. Diet, with the exclusion of all products that increase the production of sebum (chocolate, nuts, fatty meats, etc.);
2. Daily hygiene care for affected skin, using moisturizing funds;
3. It is possible to use azelaic acid preparations, but only with the permission of a dermatologist, gynecologist or therapist;
4. In severe purulent acne, Josamycin may be prescribed after the 14th week of pregnancy.

Regardless of the gestational age, it is forbidden to use retinoic acid preparations (both local and systemic) and tetracycline antibiotics. These drugs have a pronounced side effect on the development of the fetus.

Prevention

Measures to prevent the development or reduce the intensity of acne are recommended to start from puberty (13-15 years). It is at this time that the period of activity of the sebaceous glands begins, which can lead to the formation of acne. Preventive measures are quite simple, they include:

• A diet aimed at reducing the production of sebaceous secretion;
• Daily washing, using moisturizing cosmetic lines;
• Prevention of excessive drying of the skin (from exposure to temperatures, dry air, chemicals, etc.).

FAQ

Question:
How to suspect the presence of a hormonal disorder in a woman as the cause of acne?

First of all, you should pay attention to the regularity of the menstrual cycle. Also, very heavy or scanty discharge, the presence of spotting between periods, male pattern hair growth (along the midline of the abdomen, on the back, in the chin area, on the cheeks or under the nose) are also considered a pathological sign.

Question:
Can you pop pimples on your own?

No, because this procedure leads to an increase in the inflammatory process. Also, the possibility of pus entering the bloodstream and the development of a severe infection (sepsis or meningitis) is not excluded.

Question:
Why is it impossible to dry the skin with inflammation of the sebaceous glands on the face?

At the same time, its peeling intensifies, and the horny scales close more of the excretory ducts of the sebaceous glands. Accordingly, the number of comedones, milia and other acne elements increases in a person.

Question:
Can physical therapy be used to treat acne?

Indications for physiotherapy are quite limited - this is the presence of comedones or milia in a limited area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe body. However, its effectiveness has not been proven in scientific studies. Physiotherapy contraindicated with inflammatory acne (papules, pustules, conglobates, etc.), as it leads to increased blood supply to tissues and aggravates inflammation.

Question:
Are there any features of the treatment of blockage of the sebaceous glands in a child?

Acne in newborns, in the vast majority of cases, resolves on its own and does not require therapy. Most often, teenagers face this problem. The treatment regimen for children older than 8 years is carried out in the same way as for adults. If the child is younger, it is necessary to abandon retinoic acid preparations and the use of systemic antibiotics (except for Josamycin).

Oily skin is a problem that many people suffer from. It provokes an annoying shine, the appearance of acne. To eliminate oily facial skin, drying cosmetics are usually used, the manufacturers of which promise a quickly achievable effect.

However, they will provide a stable result, provided that the cause of oily skin is eliminated. Therefore, the first step in solving a dermal problem is the normalization of the sebaceous glands.

Signs and origin of oily skin

Oily skin is the result of an overproduction of fat by the sebaceous glands. These glands are located under the surface of the skin.

Sebum is a substance made up of fats. It's not too bad as it protects and moisturizes the skin and keeps the scalp shiny and healthy.

Too much sebum, however, can lead to oily skin, leading to clogged pores and blackheads.

It is not uncommon for the occurrence of comedones (black dots), cysts of fatty glands,. The skin is also similar to orange peel, as pores stand out on it.

An undeniable advantage for people with oily skin is that wrinkles begin to appear later.

The epidermis, shiny from greasiness, is an unpleasant phenomenon for its owners. Due to the excessive work of the fatty glands on the skin, a rough, porous texture with an unhealthy tone and a greasy sheen is formed, the surface of the skin can also be overdried, like parchment.

Genetics, hormonal changes, or even stress can increase sebum production.

The oily cover on the face is localized in the T-zone: forehead, chin and nose. On the body, the greasy epidermis is located on the back and chest. The properties of oily skin are also manifested on oily hair on the head.

This happens for the following reasons:

1. Genetically embedded. Under these circumstances, the epidermis is oily throughout life.
2. Adolescence. Teenagers are familiar with the manifestations of oily skin, which by the age of 25-30 becomes combined.
3. Intensive work of fatty glands. This is associated with an inherited disposition to oily skin, disturbed processes in the gastrointestinal tract (cholecystitis, colitis, constipation), hormonal changes. The basis for the excessive productivity of fat on the skin surface is the diet (addiction to spicy, fatty, starchy foods, alcohol, soda), labor activity when the temperature is exceeded, being in a room smoky with cigarettes, under UV radiation.
4. Hormonal. This happens during sexual development and the 2nd phase of the menstrual cycle. There is a hormonal failure during menopause, pregnancy, stress. It also occurs due to treatment with hormones or their abrupt use, prolonged use of oral contraceptives.
5. Disorders in the work of the endocrine system. This occurs when, with hypothyroidism, both dryness of the skin and oiliness of the epidermis on the face are noted.

Reduced immunity also affects the appearance of the sebaceous surface of the epidermis.

7 diseases that cause oily skin

The doctor will be able to find out for what reason the patient has oily skin on his face. Because the sebaceous epidermis also appears in patients:

• diabetes mellitus;
• cachexia (exhaustion);
• obesity;
• with tumors, polycystic ovaries;
• hyperandrogenism;
• hypertrichosis;
• with liver disease.

Illiterate hygienic care with the use of aggressive cleansing of the skin surface with cosmetics containing alcohol contributes to the appearance of excess fat on the skin.

It can also cause the use of scrubs, regular degreasing of the epidermis, the consumption of fatty creams, etc.

Do not rely only on your own knowledge. It is better to trust a dermatologist who will determine the cause of excessive greasiness on the surface of the skin. This will save you from serious health problems.

What to do if the skin of the face is oily? How can you help yourself?

10 rules for oily skin

It is necessary to adhere to the rules aimed at the prevention of diseases of the oily surface of the skin. Here is their list:

1. Exclude (limit) the consumption of fatty and fried foods. It is better to say no to salty and smoked, pickled and sweet foods. Preferred on the menu are dishes from low-fat fish and white meat, vegetables and fruits, bran.
2. Cosmetics are chosen with a reduced lipid content and one in which antibacterial and antiseptic substances are represented by ethanol up to 10%.
3. Do not touch your face with unwashed hands.

It is preferable to purchase hypoallergenic cosmetics that include plant extracts to soothe sensitive and irritated skin.

All care products should be selected with the mark “for combination or oily skin”.

It is also important to follow these rules:

1. Choose the right wash (gel or foam, milk is best avoided). Under the ban - the use of soap, washcloths, hot water.
2. Once every 7 days, use ordinary peeling, facial cleansing (for example,).
3. Use UVA and UVB UV protection cream all year round (e.g. Bioderma AKN).
4. Do not mix with foundation, reduce its use to two times a week.
5. Decorative cosmetics should be chosen wisely, for example, powder with minerals.
6. It is permissible to resort to home masks no more than 1-2 times in 7 days. For procedures, white, green, blue clay, apples, kiwi, lemon juice are used. A positive result is achieved with a mask of mushy fresh potatoes.
7. Lotions with sea salt work effectively. They are performed once every 7 days, taking 500 ml of melt water and 1 tsp for a solution. salt. Withstand the remedy for 5-10 minutes.
8. Moisturize your skin only with creams and serums for combination or oily skin.
9. Consider products with retinol. Vitamin A supplement speeds up cell turnover, making it one of the best ways to fight aging. It also works wonders for acne. Differin has recently become available over the counter without a prescription.
10. Sauna trips help.

Green Pharmacy (5 Healing Herbs)

How to get rid of the problem at home? It is advisable to treat the sebaceous skin with herbaceous plants.

The presence in them of flavonoids, tannins, saponins (nitrogen-free and alkali-free organic natural substances), silicic acid, plant hormones and trace elements have a positive effect on the sebaceous epidermis.

1. Chamomile is a natural antiseptic with anti-inflammatory action. Its extract is able to cleanse and soften the skin surface on the face, restore elasticity and smoothness.
2. Salvia officinalis has a bactericidal, soothing, regenerating power. Calendula officinalis has the ability to heal, restore damaged epidermis.
3. The bark of oak (birch) is famous for its antiseptic and tannic qualities. Violet tricolor extract is aimed at cleansing, stimulating metabolic processes and ridding the body of harmful substances.
4. Green tea extract has the role of an antioxidant, which reduces the effect of free radicals on the skin.
5. An extract from the dandelion root increases the protective forces of the body, helps in the vital activity of the liver, gallbladder, kidneys. The plant extract is involved in the release of the body from metabolic products, which has a positive effect on the surface of the skin.

Effectively acting on the oily dermis grass, each patient selects individually. Replace water when washing infusions of herbs from chamomile, mint, nettle, lime blossom.

Oils for oily skin

Oil formulations are used instead of night cream. They are applied in a thin layer on a clean skin surface.

Oils act on pores clogged from dirt and hard fat, streamline the production of fat, and affect cell regeneration.

What oils to use? Here is their list:

1. Hazelnut in its pure form or as part of other oils. The surface of the skin under the influence of the product is cleansed, smoothed and restored, the pores are tightened.
2. Grape seeds, after which the surface of the dermis looks moisturized and without noticeable pores.
3. Berries, buds, black currant leaves - the product is endowed with an antibacterial property, the skin after it becomes elastic, the tone increases.
4. Sesame seeds, affecting the normalization of the functioning of the sebaceous glands, narrowing the pores.
5. Nuclei of almonds, coping with cleaning pores, irritated red spots.
6. Tea tree leaves - oily composition saves from acne and normalizes the condition of the dermis.
7. Lavender restores dullness to the skin, acts on the dermis with an anti-inflammatory effect.

Apply hazelnut oil (50% of the mix) with the addition of 10% of other selected oils. If you take essential oils (from sandalwood, rosemary, juniper, bergamot, grapefruit, cedar), add 1-2 drops to the base oil composition.

Beauty treatments for oily skin

What to do if the skin is oily and acne appears? To eliminate the problem of greasiness of the skin, it is permissible to include the following measures:

• the use of scrubs (from almonds, apricot, salt, clay, etc.), this will even out and cleanse the skin;
• use (milk, pyruvic, trichloroacetic, glycolic, etc.), this will lower the pH, regulate the production of fat and reduce the fat content of the dermis;
• consumption of masks (mud, clay, based on seaweed), and this will disinfect, soothe the skin surface and remove excess fatty formations.

Question answer

Of course, oily skin also needs regular moisturizing. With this type of skin, fat interferes with the normal respiration of cells, clogging of pores occurs, and even collagen production worsens. That is why it is important to clean the skin surface, and then do not forget to moisturize it.

To do this, you can use special special napkins. They gently wipe the face, which removes excess sebum without spoiling the make-up. It is also worth carrying powder with you, which after a while you can hide the flaw.

This is because after using a paper towel, a person immediately throws it away. But the towel often remains too wet, and this is an ideal breeding ground for bacteria. As a result, they get on the skin surface, which, especially on oily skin, can lead to inflammation.

TOP-5 treatment methods

Skin with excessive oiliness, prone to peeling, requires additional treatment prescribed by a dermatologist or cosmetologist.

The course of treatment is determined by a specialist after receiving the results of a blood test (for glucose, hormones), familiarization with hereditary predisposition, anamnesis, etc.

The skin surface is cured of greasiness and hardware measures:

1. . The beam induces photochemical transformations in the dermis. During the sessions, the epidermis is smoothed, updated and regenerated. Its elasticity and tone change for the better.
2. Microdermabrasion of the dermis. Based on the action of an abundance of microscopic particles. They will polish the skin without pain, eliminate wrinkled manifestations, narrow pores, and reduce stretch marks.
3. Iontophoresis. It acts on the sebaceous dermis. As a result, blood flow to it, nutrition and microcirculation improve. The treatment restores the skin surface due to the deep diffusion of nutrients, eliminates oiliness.
4. Cavitation (ultrasonic) peeling. The shock wave cleanses the skin without pain, eliminates excess sebum from the pores of the hair follicles, cleans the keratinized dermis.
5. Based on mechanical vibrations. The procedure achieves massage, destruction of fibrous tissue, lymphatic drainage (removal of excess fluid). The technique does not allow clogging of hair follicles with fat, reduces skin rashes and irritable manifestations on the dermis.

Darsonvalization with a pulsed high-frequency current affects the skin with vacuum electrodes. As a result, the skin dries up, nutrition and tissue repair are enhanced.

Which method of treating oily dermis is suitable for a particular patient, the doctor decides at the appointment.

10 medications that normalize fat metabolism

After visiting a dermatologist at home, it is possible to use medications that include the following active ingredients:

• azaleinic acid, as an antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and exfoliating agent for the skin;
• zinc, which has a keratolytic orientation;
• sulfur with the ability to block the production of fat by the sebaceous glands;
• , dexpanthenol, used in the recovery process at the end of physiotherapy, for cleaning, regulating metabolic processes in the cells of the dermis;
• adapalene, as a prophylactic substance against the formation of comedones and inflammation on the skin surface;
• benzoyl peroxide for exfoliation of the keratinization of the dermis and renovation of the cellular structure;
• copper, which regulates the production of sebum;
• isotretinoid with a splitting effect on the stratum corneum and suppression of the synthesis of fatty formation;
• bacteriocins and pyocyanins are products of metabolic processes in microorganisms that increase the immunity of the epidermis and are involved in recovery;
• vitamins PP and group B, which positively affect the dermis, blood supply and fat metabolism in it.

Drug therapy against the fat content of the dermis at home is carried out, adhering to the doctor's recommendations.

Expert opinion

Anna Avaliani

practicing cosmetologist

Reducing your dietary fat intake will not make much of a difference. Be sure to use special products during washing, just water will not be able to thoroughly cleanse the skin. But do not overdo it, as it can lead to excessive degreasing or overdrying.

Aisha Baron

plastic surgeon

For washing, use gels, foams suitable for skin type, cold water. Use tonics, and before applying cosmetics, moisturize the skin with a cream. Also, don't forget to use sunscreen. Daily clean the skin in the evening from dirt, cosmetics. And again apply the cream, only at night. These are simple rules, but they will help maintain the beauty of your skin.

Proper care and a healthy lifestyle will eliminate excessive oiliness of the skin. It makes the surface of the dermis attractive, relieves acne, greasy shine. At the same time, it is not difficult to preserve the visual youth of the face.

To do this, you should follow simple rules, take care of your skin. If you can’t solve the problem of excessive fat content on your own, you should consult a doctor.