What does the amniotic sac mean. When the fetal bladder is opened. How does the water break before childbirth

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Amniotomy is a type of obstetric benefit necessary to ensure the optimal course of the birth act. The essence of this benefit is to violate the integrity of the fetal bladder and the release of amniotic fluid.

Amniotomy - what is it?

Currently, amniotomy is the standard obstetric care provided to pregnant women or women giving birth by a doctor or midwife. Amniotomy leads to the outflow of amniotic fluid from the uterus and the release of numerous biologically active substances.

Amniotomy is a painless procedure, absolutely safe for the mother and fetus, if performed according to indications. However, despite the safety and simplicity of this obstetric manipulation, it is an interference with the natural course of childbirth. Therefore, an amniotomy should be performed only if it helps to eliminate any violations in the process of childbirth. It is simply not necessary to carry out an amniotomy if desired, since this simple manipulation causes pronounced effects, such as:

• Strengthening of labor activity and contractile activity of the uterus, due to which there is an acceleration of the opening of the cervix;
• Strengthening the intensity of contractions and shortening the intervals between them;
• Stopping labor bleeding with placenta previa;
• Prevention of prolapse of small parts (arms and legs) of the fetus during childbirth;
• Decreased blood pressure in the mother.

Amniotomy is a safe procedure that does not adversely affect the condition of the fetus. However, even this procedure has complications, such as prolapse of an arm or leg when amniotic fluid is rapidly drained, or bleeding when a large blood vessel is damaged, some of which runs along the surface of the bladder.

Conditions for the production of amniotomy

• Head presentation of the fetus;
• Singleton pregnancy;
• Full-term pregnancy (at least 38 - 39 weeks);
• Fruit weight not more than 3000 g;
• Correct position and insertion of the head into the entrance to the small pelvis;
• The readiness of the birth canal (the cervix is ​​smoothed, shortened, when viewed, it misses the obstetrician's finger);
• The maturity of the cervix is ​​at least 6 points on the Bishop scale;
• Normal size of the pelvis;
• The absence of scars on the uterus after various operations on the organ (preceded caesarean sections, removal of fibroids, etc.).

If at least one of the above conditions is not met, then an amniotomy cannot be performed, since this can provoke negative consequences for the fetus or mother.

Amniotomy is used quite widely, and the duration of the use of this benefit is more than one millennium, since women give birth to children throughout the history of mankind, and opening the fetal bladder is a simple and affordable manipulation. Thanks to numerous and long-term observations of the results of amniotomy, indications and contraindications, as well as the timing of this obstetric manipulation, have now been clearly established.

Amniotomy - indications for manipulation

Indications for labor stimulation are situations in which it is necessary to start labor activity against the background of its complete absence. Indications for amniotomy in childbirth include a list of situations when, in the presence of labor, it is necessary to open the fetal bladder.

So, for labor stimulation, amniotomy is indicated in the following cases:

• Gestosis. In severe preeclampsia, when the continuation of pregnancy is dangerous for both the mother and the fetus, labor induction is indicated for the purpose of urgent delivery. In this case, an amniotomy is performed to initiate labor;
• Post-term pregnancy;
• Premature detachment of a normally located placenta (PONRP);
• Death of the fetus in the womb;
• Severe chronic diseases of the mother (for example, diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, renal failure, pathology of the lungs and heart, etc.), which make it impossible to continue carrying the pregnancy due to the high risk of death of both the mother and the fetus;
• Pathological preliminary period, when a woman has preparatory contractions for several days in a row, which do not turn into regular, normal labor activity. In this situation, the woman gets tired, and the child suffers from hypoxia. The doctor opens the fetal bladder, since amniotomy in 90% of cases will lead to the development of regular labor and the birth of a normal, healthy baby over the next 12 to 18 hours;
• Rh-conflict pregnancy. With an increase in the titer of anti-Rhesus antibodies in the mother's blood, it is urgent to induce labor, since further preservation of pregnancy will lead to an aggravation of the hemolytic disease of the fetus and a deterioration in its condition. In such a situation, amniotomy is a way to induce labor.

The above indications for amniotomy are, in fact, conditions in which it is necessary to carry out labor stimulation, that is, to induce labor activity artificially, without waiting for its natural onset. Amniotomy in a large number of cases within 12 hours leads to the development of regular labor, that is, it is an excellent labor-stimulating agent. Usually, an amniotomy is performed to induce labor and wait 12 hours. If, after 12 hours, labor has not developed, then labor is stimulated with medications (Oxytocin, Prostin, etc.).

If labor has already begun, then the following conditions are indications for amniotomy:

• The absence of self-opening of the fetal bladder and the outflow of amniotic fluid during the normal course of labor against the background of cervical dilatation by 6–8 cm. ;
• Weakness of labor activity. Amniotomy in 89 - 92% of cases enhances labor activity, makes it regular and sufficient for opening the cervix and subsequent expulsion of the fetus without the use of specialized medications (for example, Oxytocin, Prostin, etc.). After amniotomy, labor activity is monitored for two hours. If it has returned to normal, then nothing else is done. If labor activity has not returned to normal within two hours after the amniotomy, then they begin to stimulate it with drugs;
• Low location of the placenta (placenta previa). This position of the placenta can provoke bleeding against the background of regular contractions. As soon as bleeding begins, it is necessary to open the fetal bladder, since the amniotomy will pass the fetal head down, which will press the ruptured vessels of the placenta and, thereby, stop the blood;
• Polyhydramnios. In this case, the uterus is overly stretched and therefore cannot contract normally, as a result of which weakness or discoordination of labor activity develops. To prevent weakness of labor, as well as prolapse of umbilical cord loops or small parts of the fetus (handles and legs) with polyhydramnios, it is necessary to do an amniotomy early when the cervix is ​​dilated by 2–4 cm;
• Low water ("flat" fetal bladder). With oligohydramnios, the membranes of the bladder tightly clasp the head of the fetus, do not put pressure on the lower segment of the uterus and disrupt normal labor activity, provoking the cessation or weakening of contractions. Therefore, with oligohydramnios, an opening of the fetal bladder is shown at the very beginning of childbirth, when the cervix opens by 2–4 cm;
• Multiple pregnancy (the fetal bladder of the next baby is opened 10-15 minutes after the birth of the previous fetus);
• Childbirth during post-term pregnancy;
• Childbirth on the background of preeclampsia;
• Childbirth with high blood pressure. Amniotomy allows you to reduce pressure, which favorably affects the further course of childbirth.

Amniotomy technique - a technique for opening the membranes of the fetal bladder

For the production of amniotomy, the woman lies down on the obstetric couch, puts her legs apart on the holders. The doctor puts on a sterile glove, inserts his fingers into the vagina and leaves them there. With the second hand, the doctor takes a small branch, which looks like a hook, with which you can hook the membrane of the fetal bladder, pull and break it. The doctor introduces the branch along the finger of the second hand left in the vagina. At the height of the contraction, when the membrane of the fetal bladder is tense and bulges along the vagina, the doctor gently hooks it, makes a puncture, then gently pulls it towards itself, thereby making a small hole in it. Then the instrument is removed from the vagina, and the finger is inserted into the hole in the fetal bladder. With a finger, the doctor gently expands the hole, slowly releasing amniotic fluid. After performing the amniotomy, the woman should lie down for at least 30 minutes, during which the fetal heartbeat should be monitored using CTG.

It is impossible to release amniotic fluid with a jet, greatly and sharply expanding the lumen in the bladder shell, as this can provoke the prolapse of umbilical cord loops or small parts of the fetus (legs or handles).

Amniotomy in childbirth - types and purpose

Currently, all types of amniotomy are used in obstetrics, depending on the specific situation, the condition of the woman in labor and the fetus. Moreover, it cannot be said that only one type of amniotomy is correct, since in different situations it is required to open the fetal bladder at different times and periods of childbirth. In other words, for each type of amniotomy, there are indications and conditions when this manipulation is necessary.

Amniotomy - contraindications for production

• Exacerbation of genital herpes;
• Incorrect position of the fetus (breech, foot presentation, oblique or transverse position);
• placenta previa;
• Presentation of the loops of the umbilical cord.

• Complete placenta previa diagnosed by ultrasound during pregnancy;
• Inconsistent scar on the uterus. It is diagnosed if less than three years have passed after any previous operation on the uterus (caesarean section, removal of fibroids, rudimentary horn, excision of the uterine angle, etc.);
• Two or more scars on the uterus;
• Condition of the birth canal that prevents normal childbirth (anatomical narrowing of the pelvis II, III, IV degree, deformation of the pelvic bones, tumors of the uterus, ovaries, bladder or other organs of the small pelvis);
• Severe symphysitis (inflammation of the tissues of the pubic joint);
• Large fetus (estimated body weight over 4500 g);
• Cicatricial deformities of the cervix or vagina;
• The presence in the past of plastic surgery on the cervix and vagina, suturing urogenital or intestinal fistulas;
• The presence of ruptures of the perineum of the III degree during past births;
• Breech presentation of a fetus weighing more than 3600 - 3800 g or less than 2000 g;
• Breech-leg presentation of the fetus;
• Extension of the head of the III degree according to ultrasound;
• Breech presentation of the first fetus in multiple pregnancy;
• triplets;
• conjoined twins;
• Monochorionic, monoamniotic twins (two fetuses are in the same bladder and are fed from one placenta for two);
• The presence of a malignant tumor in any organ;
• Delayed fetal development III degree;
• Myopia (nearsightedness) of a high degree with changes in the fundus;
• Kidney transplant in the past;
• Death or disability of a child during a previous birth;
• Pregnancy resulting from IVF;
• Premature detachment of a normally located placenta;
• Acute fetal hypoxia according to CTG.

Amniotomy - Complications

• Bleeding that develops if, during the opening of the bladder, a large blood vessel passing along the surface of the fetal membrane is affected;
• Prolapse of the loops of the umbilical cord or small parts of the fetus (handles or legs);
• Deterioration of the condition of the fetus, due to a sharp change in the conditions of its existence after the removal of amniotic fluid;
• Weakness or violent labor activity;
• Fetal infection.

Amniotomy - reviews

Regarding the pain during the puncture of the fetal bladder, women believe that they are insignificant or completely absent. In rare cases, women have experienced pain or discomfort during the puncture of the amniotic sac.

In the vast majority of cases, amniotomy is done without the prior consent of the woman in labor and without explaining the need for this manipulation. Some note that this fact was even hidden from them, hiding the instrument behind their backs. However, there are cases when the doctor explained in detail the need for manipulation, as it should be according to the instructions and protocols for the management of childbirth.

In general, the attitude of women towards amniotomy is positive, since they did not notice any pronounced negative consequences of this procedure. One of the main disadvantages of the manipulation of a woman in labor is the scratches on the baby's head left by the instrument.

From women who have given birth, you can hear about such a thing as a puncture of the bladder before childbirth without contractions. This procedure is called an amniotomy. Usually about 7-10% of women in labor encounter it. Many pregnant women, having heard about an amniotomy, are frightened. Having no idea about the correctness and necessity of this procedure, women set themselves up negatively.

What happens if the amniotic sac bursts before contractions?

In some cases, childbirth begins with the outpouring of water. Moreover, it can be complete or partial. According to statistics, such a deviation can occur in 12% of all women. Such a process is called

Women immediately notice this phenomenon, especially if it happens with a lot of water.

The amniotic fluid should be clear or pink and odorless. If black, brown or green is mixed with it, then this means that the feces of a newborn are in the waters. This suggests that the fetus has oxygen starvation, which requires a quick delivery. An admixture of yellow can mean the presence of an Rhesus conflict, which also requires quick action.

When the waters break at home, the woman in labor must urgently go to the hospital. In the hospital, a woman must accurately report the time of their departure.

If the body is completely ready for the birth of a child, contractions begin immediately or some time after the water breaks.

What is an amniotomy?

Amniotomy is an operation in which the amniotic sac is opened. In utero, the fetus is protected by a special shell - the amnion, which is filled with amniotic fluid. It protects the child from bumps and infection from the vagina.

If an autopsy or rupture occurs in a natural way, then the uterus begins the process of fetal expulsion. As a result, contractions develop and a child is born.

The operation to puncture the bladder before childbirth without contractions is carried out with a special device in the form of a hook at the moment of its greatest severity, so as not to affect the soft tissues of the baby's head.

Types of amniotomy

Bladder puncture before childbirth can be divided into several varieties, depending on the time of the operation:

• Prenatal. It is carried out before the onset of contractions for the purpose of labor induction.
• Early. It is performed if the opening of the cervix is ​​up to 7 cm.
• Timely. If the neck is open up to 8-10 cm.
• belated. Can be carried out at the time of expulsion of the fetus. The procedure is used to prevent hypoxia in the fetus or bleeding in the mother.

The process of childbirth does not change at all and corresponds to the natural one. The condition of the fetus is necessarily fixed using the KGT apparatus.

When is an amniotomy necessary?

Labor is stimulated by piercing the bladder in case of situations when emergency delivery is needed. The procedure can be carried out in the absence of contractions:

• Postponed pregnancy. An ordinary pregnancy lasts 40 weeks, if it is longer, then the question of the need for obstetric care is raised. The placenta in this situation is aging and cannot perform its functions. As a result, the child suffers, experiencing oxygen starvation.
• Preeclampsia. This disease is characterized by swelling, high blood pressure, and the presence of protein in the urine. Preeclampsia negatively affects the health of the mother and fetus, so an amniotomy is needed.
• Rhesus conflict. Such a pregnancy is considered difficult, so this operation helps to stimulate labor.

If labor activity has begun, then the operation is resorted to in the following cases:

• If the contractions do not intensify, but weaken, the neck slows down the process of childbirth, and so that they do not stop, the bubble is punctured. The woman in labor is observed for 2 hours, if there is no positive dynamics, then a decision is made to resort to Oxytocin.
• Polyhydramnios. The presence of a large amount of amniotic fluid leads to the fact that the uterus cannot contract naturally.
• High blood pressure. Diseases of the kidneys and heart, gestosis contribute to an increase in blood pressure, which negatively affects the process of childbirth and the condition of the fetus.
• Flat fetal bladder. In this situation, the anterior waters are almost completely absent, which makes labor difficult, and its termination may occur.
• Low location of the placenta. This position of the placenta can lead to placental abruption and bleeding.

In some cases, there are contraindications for this procedure.

Are there any contraindications?

Puncture of the bladder before childbirth helps to facilitate the process of giving birth, but in some cases there are some limitations of the procedure. Amniotomy is not performed if:

• a pregnant woman has herpes on the genitals in the acute stage;
• the placenta has a low location;
• loops of the umbilical cord interfere with the operation;
• natural childbirth is not recommended;
• finding the fetus in oblique, transverse and pelvic presentation.

The procedure is prohibited in case of mother's heart disease, in the presence of scars on the cervix and other pathologies.

How is the bladder punctured?

Why and how is the bladder punctured before childbirth? Amniotomy is equivalent to surgery, but the presence of an anesthesiologist and a surgeon is not necessary. After a vaginal examination, the doctor will open the bladder. The procedure includes several steps:

• Before the operation, the woman takes "No-Shpu" or another antispasmodic. After exposure to the drug, the woman lies down on the gynecological chair.
• Then the specialist, wearing gloves, inserts an instrument into the vagina. The amniotic sac is hooked and pulled by the doctor until it ruptures. After that, amniotic fluid begins to pour out.
• After the end of the manipulation, the woman is in a horizontal position for 30 minutes. The state of the fetus is monitored by the KGT apparatus.

The bubble is necessarily opened in the absence of contractions, which leads to the convenience and safety of the operation.

What does a woman feel during an amniotomy?

Bladder puncture before childbirth - does it hurt or not? Any woman is afraid of such a procedure because of the possible occurrence of pain. However, in this case, no discomfort is observed, because the amniotic sac has no nerve endings.

A woman just needs to relax and take a comfortable position. All that she can feel after a properly performed procedure is only the outflow of amniotic fluid.

With muscle tension, discomfort and negative consequences can occur in the form of injury to the walls of the vagina.

Mandatory conditions

What are the conditions for a bladder puncture before childbirth? To avoid complications during the procedure, you must follow some rules. These include:

• correct presentation of the fetus (head);
• pregnancy, the term of which is at least 38 weeks;
• natural delivery and lack of restrictions to this;
• preparedness of the birth canal;
• pregnancy with one fetus.

The importance lies in the readiness and maturity of the uterus. When performing an operation, it must correspond to 6 points on the Bishop scale.

Complications and consequences of amniotomy

With an error-free puncture of the bladder before childbirth, the whole process occurs safely. But there are a few exceptions when after an amniotomy, childbirth can become more complicated. There are the following consequences:

• injury to the umbilical cord vessel, if it is attached to the sheath, which can lead to blood loss;
• the child's condition worsens;
• loops of the umbilical cord or limbs of the fetus (handles, legs) fall out;
• violation of the child's heartbeat;
• violent labor activity;
• secondary birth weakness.

There is a risk that the puncture of the fetal bladder will not lead to the desired result and labor activity will not become active. Therefore, doctors resort to the use of drugs that cause contractions. In some situations, a caesarean section is performed on a woman, because a long stay of a child without water is fraught with negative consequences.

How long does labor last after a bladder puncture before childbirth? Reviews of women who have gone through this procedure are as follows:

• in women who gave birth for the first time, childbirth took place within 7-14 hours;
• in multiparous women, this can take from 5-12 hours.

Any intervention, which can be attributed to the puncture of the bladder, sometimes leads to consequences that are not always positive. Amniotomy should be carried out in compliance with all necessary conditions, which will reduce the risk of various complications. Therefore, if this procedure is necessary, women should not refuse surgery and other manipulations necessary during childbirth.

Fetal waters help the unborn baby feel comfortable in the womb, providing not only protection, but also nutrition. When the fluid becomes insufficient, a flat bladder is diagnosed before childbirth, which is considered a serious pathology.

As soon as the embryo is fixed to the endometrium of the uterus, it begins to grow into a shell, which is filled with nutrient fluid (the baby seems to float in it). With a normal pregnancy, the amount of amniotic fluid is 200 ml.

What is a flat bubble before childbirth? When the volume of fluid becomes less than normal, the membrane sticks to the head of the fetus and stretches (hence the name of the pathology). The child not only lacks nutrients, there is a lack of air. If this is not dangerous in early pregnancy, then a flat amniotic sac during childbirth can cause asphyxia.

When there is enough liquid, the birth of the child occurs naturally, the baby's place under pressure bursts, the waters flow out, and the baby is comfortably born. A flat bubble aggravates childbirth, as it becomes difficult for the fetus to put pressure on the cervical canal. This slows down the process and causes complications.

In some cases, pathology provokes placental abruption, which leads to premature birth and death of the child. Pain in the lower abdomen and constant anxiety of the fetus just indicate a lack of amniotic fluid.

Causes of pathology

Most often, a flat bubble is a consequence of oligohydramnios. In this case, the woman experiences weakness and unpleasant dryness in the mouth. It is not always possible to identify pathology in the early stages, because the amount of amniotic fluid periodically and gradually begins to differ from the norm. But in the presence of a number of factors, the development of a deviation can be suspected.

Causes of a flat membranes during childbirth:

1. diseases of the organs in the small pelvis, if they are chronic;
2. violations observed in the process of fetal development;
3. severe infections;
4. vitamin deficiency;
5. low fluid intake.

Even if the expectant mother does not have any subjective feelings that cause anxiety, she must undergo an ultrasound examination. This will allow time to determine the risk of flat bubble formation during childbirth. Based on the diagnosis of determining the degree of the problem, methods of elimination are selected.

If a pregnant woman has herpes or rubella, infection with toxoplasmosis has occurred or chlamydia has been found, this is already a reason to conduct an examination for the development of an anomaly. If timely treatment is not carried out, colds also provoke oligohydramnios.

Treatment

If studies confirm the presence of a flat bladder, and the prognosis is not encouraging, the pregnant woman is placed in a hospital at any of the terms. The most dangerous are 28-32 weeks in fetal development.

Depending on the cause of oligohydramnios, the woman is prescribed appropriate drug therapy and periodically undergoes unscheduled ultrasounds. With a moderate deviation in the amount of amniotic fluid from the norm, it is realistic to make an adjustment and bring the pregnant woman to delivery without complications.

Usually, a flat fetal bladder does not burst on its own during childbirth, which is why the body does not receive a command to start the process. If the baby still manages to be born inside the child's place, a quick response is needed to remove it from there. Otherwise, the child will suffocate due to the inability to take the first breath.

To prevent this from happening, the midwife opens the shell even at the first stage of childbirth, thereby freeing the way out. Rupture of the amniotic membrane stimulates the production of oxytocin. Under the influence of the hormone, the muscles of the uterus begin to work more actively, rejecting the child outward.

The bladder opening procedure is performed without anesthesia. There are no nerve endings in the shell, so the woman will not feel anything. But amniotomy will facilitate the course of late delivery.

home therapy

Moderate oligohydramnios is treated without hospitalization if there is no clear threat to the development of the fetus. The woman is observed on an outpatient basis, undergoing a course of appropriate therapy. First of all, drugs are prescribed to eliminate the external cause of the flat bladder.

It is necessary to establish blood circulation in the placenta, and for this, drugs such as Curantin and Avtovegil are prescribed. Mineral and vitamin complexes for pregnant women will help support the body, increase resistance to disease, and improve metabolic processes.

The normal development of the fetus depends on the woman herself. In this situation, the expectant mother is recommended to observe bed rest, not to strain physically and completely abandon bad habits.
The transition to a balanced diet is important - healthy foods will not allow the body to fail. You should not be limited in liquid, observing the consumption rate established by the doctor.

It is forbidden to rely on folk recipes with a flat bubble, they will not help. It is allowed to use some of them in the treatment of external factors, as concomitant with the main therapy, after agreement with the supervising physician. No self-treatment.

A flat bubble is a rare phenomenon, observed in only 6% of pregnant women. To exclude an anomaly, a woman should undergo regular examinations. During the observed problem, it is easy to correct in the early stages and then you will not have to resort to early opening of the amniotic membrane.

4 Sep 2018

What is the amniotic sac and everything about it

The amniotic sac is where your baby lives for the entire nine months. It is protected from all kinds of germs and viruses. Therefore, many mothers do not understand why it is necessary to open it, if during childbirth I will leave the water myself. Let's do a little consultation on this topic.

The opening of the amniotic sac in medicine is most often called in one word - amniotomy. This is a medical term that doctors often use in practice.

There are several types of amniotomy.

1.Premature
2.Early
3.Late

Premature opening of the bladder occurs at different stages of pregnancy. The purpose of this action is to stimulate labor activity. In this way, doctors prevent all sorts of negative consequences that have every chance of starting.

Medical indications

In order to perform such actions, appropriate medical indications are necessary.

1. In the case when drug treatment does not give results. In order not to sacrifice the health and life of the mother and child, doctors are forced to resort to such measures.

2.Chronic diseases of the mother. For example, serious problems with the heart, pressure, kidneys, diabetes.

3. When, according to the terms, a woman should already give birth, but there are no contractions. True, today such prerequisites are used less and less. Since, many experts are for the process to start without outside interference.

4. Aging of the placenta. Most often, this happens when the expectant mother overwears the baby.

5. As well as other reasons that may cause concern for the health of two people.

Options for the development of the amniotic sac

Early amniotomy is used already in the process of labor. Here is a list of indications for when to apply bladder piercing.

1. High water.
2.Inferiority of the bubble.
3. Weak labor activity.

If the girl has polyhydramnios, the uterus is constricted due to the huge amount of excess fluid. Due to weak uterine contractions, doctors are forced to pierce the amniotic sac. There are many reasons why a woman has polyhydramnios. It can be infectious diseases, inflammatory processes in the body and much more.

Low water is also a reason for amniotomy. When the volume of the anterior waters is less than the norm, the bubble ceases to carry out its processes qualitatively and at full strength. It takes a flat shape, dangles sluggishly and is not able to help the opening of the uterus.

If a woman cannot give birth for a long time, then by opening the bladder, labor activity is accelerated. When the bladder is punctured, a substance called prostaglandin flows out of it. It is it that activates uterine contractions and enhances its activity.

The last option, when you have to intervene and pierce the amniotic sac, is a belated form.

This happens when the cervix has fulfilled its function and opened, and the fetal bladder is unchanged. As a result, childbirth is delayed. Due to the density or elasticity, the bubble does not open. At best, this interferes with the movement of the child. At worst, it threatens the baby with asphyxia.

A formation such as the fetal bladder is a natural layer of fluid that is enclosed in a membrane. Its main function during pregnancy is to protect the fetus from various kinds of infections, as well as injuries. It is the fetal bladder that ensures the comfortable development of the fetus in the uterus.

What is a flat fetal bladder and how is it characterized?

The diagnosis of "flat membranes" is made when the volume of the so-called anterior waters is less than 200 ml. With this violation, the walls of the bladder are pulled directly on the baby's head. As a result, there is no pressure on the cervix at the time of delivery, so the process of childbirth is delayed. The uterus is poorly reduced, because. its tone in this violation is reduced. In severe cases, placental abruption can occur, which is fraught with a fatal outcome for the baby.

What causes a flat amniotic sac to develop?

Having figured out what a flat fetal bladder means, it is necessary to say what leads to the development of such a violation.

The reasons for the development of a flat fetal bladder are quite numerous. Both the natural features of the pregnancy process and its complications can lead to this violation. The most common causes of this disorder are:

In order to help the woman in labor and speed up the birth process, a flat fetal bladder is usually pierced. This contributes to the release of the hormone oxytocin, which increases uterine activity, causing contractions of its smooth muscles.

During the procedure, the pregnant woman does not feel any pain, because. the fetal bladder has no nerve endings.