What is a medical interruption. Medical (pharmacological) abortion from A to Z. Sex after pharmaceutical abortion

Medical abortion is a gentle and gentle alternative to surgery in cases where this pregnancy is undesirable. Early terms, up to 6-7 weeks, are the best and optimal time for non-surgical termination of pregnancy using the tablet method.

So, you discovered that your period was delayed for several days, you took a test and it showed two stripes ... A wonderful event in a woman's life, but sometimes for reasons it may be unplanned at the moment. Do not rush - think it over well, discuss it with your partner, and only then make a final decision. Remember, this is your choice and only you are responsible for its consequences.

A woman can sign up and terminate a pregnancy at the clinic of her own free will only within the strictly allotted short time frame. They are clearly regulated by law and the maximum value for a medical abortion is 12 weeks. At the same time, a woman has the right to choose the best way that suits her; there are three of them:

Surgical (operational) method,
Vacuum (surgical, minimally invasive) mini-abortion,
Medical abortion (pills).

What is a medical abortion?

The essence of this non-surgical method is as follows. In the early stages, the development of pregnancy depends on the hormone progesterone. Under its action, the uterus is in a state conducive to the acceptance and development of a fertilized egg. Therefore, the use of mifegin (mifepristone), a progesterone antagonist, leads to termination of pregnancy, increased uterine contractility, cervical dilation, and promotes separation and expulsion of the fetal egg.

Of all the existing methods of terminating a pregnancy in the early stages, medication is better, because. it is done without surgery and therefore as safe as possible. For example, in 2005 The World Health Organization (WHO) has included Mifegin (mifepristone) in the list of essential medicines. But it should be borne in mind that these drugs are used only in medical institutions and under the supervision of a physician. The independent use of illegally obtained pills of unknown origin in order to terminate a pregnancy at home is fraught with very sad consequences!

Dates in weeks

Medical termination of pregnancy - up to 6 weeks
In preparation for surgical curettage - up to 12 weeks.

Medical abortion can be done only at an early stage - up to 49 days from the first day of the last menstruation or up to 42 days after its end. The non-surgical method is most effective for up to four to five weeks, while the fetal egg is weakly attached in the uterus, the woman's hormonal background has not finally changed to bear the fetus. In some cases, taking into account the results of the preliminary examination, the short terms of conception and the presence of indications, it is possible to have an urgent abortion on the day of treatment.

CONTRAINDICATIONS

suspected ectopic;
chronic adrenal insufficiency;
therapy with corticosteroid drugs;
individual pharmacological intolerance;
hemophilia, anemia II-III stage, hemorrhagic syndromes;
the use of anticoagulants (heparin);
pregnancy that occurred against the background of the IUD;
inflammatory processes of the genitals in the acute stage;
severe forms of bronchial asthma and obstructive pulmonary disease;
enteritis, colitis, gastritis, pancreatitis;
liver failure;
prosthetic heart valves, endocarditis in the past.

RESTRICTIONS FOR MEDABORTING

smoking women over 35 years old (more than 10 pieces per day),
asymptomatic uterine fibroids,
sutures on the uterus after surgical interventions,
hypertonic disease,
breastfeeding - stop for 14 days after taking the drug.

Possible Complications

The main consequence after medical abortion is the complete or partial absence of an abortive effect - from 5% to 15%, and depends on the patient's individual response to the drug. With a longer period, the number of complications increases. Of them:

from 1 to 3.5%- cases of ongoing pregnancy,
from 3 to 7.0%- incomplete expulsion of the fetal egg,
from 1 to 4.5%- bleeding requiring intervention.

OTHER POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS

painful sensations - 25-45% of cases;
moderate cramps in the abdomen;
nausea, vomiting, diarrhea;
rare cases of rash, urticaria;
rare cases of migraine, malaise;
bouts of fever, dizziness, chills;
temperature rise (up to 37.5C).

WE DO THE PILLED ABORTION WITH DRUGS:

By the way, our clinic has been carrying out medical termination of pregnancy with Mifegin (France) or Mifepristone (Russia) tablets since 2001, according to the standards approved in Moscow, with the Certificate of Conformity attached to the packaging of the drug! Recording for a medical abortion by calling the clinic or online on the website around the clock.

HOW THE PROCEDURE WORKS, STAGES

1. Preliminary part.
Since a pill abortion has time limits, as well as a number of contraindications, on the day of treatment, before starting the procedure, a woman must undergo a preliminary examination. To do this, first a gynecological ultrasound of the small pelvis is done to confirm the presence of a uterine pregnancy and its duration. This is followed by a consultation of a gynecologist relative to this method, contraindications, possible complications and variants of the course and expected results of the procedure. Inspection on the chair and delivery of recommended tests. Allowing time for a final decision.

2. Taking a drug for medical abortion.
If the decision to terminate the pregnancy early with pills is confirmed, an agreement is signed for this procedure, taking Mifegin or Mifepristone in the presence of a doctor, scheduling the intake of pharmacological support drugs and control visits to the clinic. After 36-48 hours, misoprostol derivatives are taken ("Topogin" or "Mirolut") in a dosage according to the drawn up scheme.

3. Control in dynamics.
After 3-4 days, the first ultrasound is performed to monitor the progress of the procedure. On the same day, preventive measures (dropper) can be recommended, if necessary, correction of the scheme, taking into account the results of the tests. If you are Rh-negative and your partner is Rh-positive, it is advisable to vaccinate with anti-Rh immunoglobulin to prevent Rh conflict in a subsequent pregnancy.

4. Control of the result.
After 12-14 days, a second control ultrasound is recommended to clarify the final result. If the result is positive, the Program for the Prevention of the Consequences and Complications of Pilled Abortion can be offered (see details below).

The cost of terminating an early pregnancy with pills

The price of medical abortion in Moscow in different medical centers may vary. With us, it depends on the weekly period, the chosen drug (France or Russia), as well as the option - standard or "all inclusive". If you want to know in detail which services are included in one or another option - click on the appropriate link below.

Medical termination of pregnancy is a modern and safe method. Although this procedure does not require surgical intervention, it is very important to know how it goes and what complications can occur, what the rehabilitation period looks like after taking medication.

What is a medical method

It is a non-invasive procedure for terminating an early pregnancy - it goes like a spontaneous miscarriage. Has the following benefits:

efficiency - 95%;
no risk of injury to the uterus during surgical procedures;
low risk of infection;
there is no danger of "earning" hepatitis or HIV, which can occur during surgery;
there are no health risks associated with anesthesia;
the effect on the female body is minimal, so such manipulations can be carried out even during the first pregnancy;
a low level of stress, due to which psychotraumatic situations are not created that can harm the female body.

This procedure does not require a stay in a hospital for a long time, after taking the medicine, you can go home. However, it is worth remembering that only a specialist can prescribe medications.

Since this method of abortion is quite new, many still resort to vacuum abortion, but it is worth remembering that in this case the degree of intervention in the body and the risk of complications will be higher.

Timing of medical abortion

The terms are determined by the protocol of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation dated 10/14/2015, which says that medical intervention can be carried out until the ninth week of pregnancy. However, in most European countries, the maximum period is 7 weeks.

Why are these deadlines set? It is worth noting that in the fifth week of pregnancy, human features appear in the embryo, the laying of organs and the umbilical cord begins. By the sixth week, the placenta is already formed, the organs continue to develop. At the eighth week, the fetus has a human appearance, during this period the vessels of the placenta are formed, and for this reason, taking medication during this period can cause severe bleeding.

In Russia, for medical termination of pregnancy, pills are used such as:

The average cost of the procedure is from 15,000 rubles, depending on the clinic.

Are there any contraindications

This procedure has a number of contraindications. For example, you can not take drugs of this group in such cases:

if the gestational age is more than 6 weeks;
with an ectopic pregnancy;
in acute form of renal and hepatic insufficiency;
in the presence of inflammatory processes in the gastrointestinal tract;
in the presence of fibroids;
after prolonged use of corticosteroid drugs;
in case of intolerance to mifepreston.

with lactation - in this case, it must be interrupted for at least two weeks;
women over 35;
if there are scars on the uterus after surgery.

Permission to conduct a medical abortion can only be given by the attending physician, after a thorough examination of the patient.

How is the abortion procedure

If a woman decides to terminate the pregnancy, then first she goes to her gynecologist, who conducts diagnostics to confirm pregnancy, sets the term, contraindications. Also at this stage, the doctor may advise a medical interruption in case of abnormalities in the development of the fetus: if pathologies are detected or if the mother feels so well that she cannot bear the child.

If there are no contraindications to childbirth, but the woman still does not want to give birth, she is given a small amount of time to think. If the woman nevertheless decided to terminate the pregnancy, the doctor determines whether there are contraindications to this procedure.

Medical termination of pregnancy consists of several stages.

Stage one

A woman takes pills - 3 pieces (dosage - 600 mg). Moreover, throughout the entire stage, the patient must be under the close supervision of a specialist.

The duration of the stage depends on the body's response to the drug.

Ideally, it lasts no more than six hours: during this period, a woman may feel pain in the lower abdomen, spotting may appear - this is a normal reaction to the drug, since the process of rejection of the fetal egg occurs.

After the successful completion of the drug, the woman is prepared for the second stage of the procedure.

Second phase

It starts 1.5-2 days after taking the pills. And it is not necessary to go to the doctor: if you feel normal, it is enough to take pills at home. It is important to remember that in the second stage, there may be more spotting and pain, so it is worth taking a day off from work. If the pain is too strong, you can take painkillers.

An important point: you need to buy only certified medicines, since the life and health of a woman depends on it.

Actions after taking the pills

A few days after taking the medication, you need to contact a gynecologist: the doctor will examine, check whether the medicine has worked, whether there are any remnants of the fetal egg left in the body, whether rejection has occurred. In order to avoid unpleasant consequences, it is necessary to undergo a control ultrasound.

If the remains of an egg were found in the uterus, the doctor prescribes further treatment.

After 1.5-2 weeks, an examination is carried out again, an ultrasound scan is prescribed. If the ultrasound does not show results, the doctor may order a blood test to determine the level of hCG.

It is important to remember that when medical abortion is performed early, the success rate is over 95%, but if you apply later, there is a high probability of an incomplete abortion, as a result of which a vacuum will have to be performed.

After the events, several important rules should be followed:

During sexual intercourse, use contraceptives, since a new pregnancy can occur even before the start of menstruation. Moreover, it is undesirable to have sex earlier than in 2-3 weeks.
You should refrain from drinking alcohol.
Avoid visiting saunas, baths.

What could be the consequences

With such an abortion, complications usually occur in no more than 3-5% of cases, but they still happen. You need to be able to distinguish between them, because there are moderate complications, such as mild abdominal pain and rare bleeding, and serious problems that require a doctor's appointment.

For example, slight pain, fever that lasts for several hours after diagnosis, chest pain is a normal reaction of the body to medical abortion. You need to take painkillers, such as Analgin or Ibuprofen.

But if the high temperature does not decrease for six hours or more, this may indicate an infectious process. In this case, you need to urgently consult a doctor.

Although infectious complications are not typical for this form of abortion, there is a group of people who are more at risk than others:

those diagnosed with bacterial vaginosis, chlamydia;
patients who had a sexually transmitted infection less than a year ago, but there is no confirmation of a complete cure.

Recovery after an abortion

After taking the pills, the menstrual cycle is not disturbed, but when they go again, it is quite difficult to predict - the duration of the procedure also matters here (in the early stages, the cycle recovers faster).

The first menstruation can go in 1-2 months, but also a lot depends on the condition of the patient. If after 60 days the menstruation has not gone, you should definitely consult a gynecologist for advice.

Despite its effectiveness and minimal complications, medical abortion is not an ideal solution, since any intervention in the internal environment of a person can have consequences. To avoid them, you should think about contraception and family planning in advance.

Why does it occur, at what time does the pipe burst? More about this in our material.

The most gentle way to conduct an abortion is medical abortion. It is practically safe for the health and emotional state of a woman. For its implementation, drugs are used that provoke the expulsion of the fetal egg to the outside.

What is a medical abortion?

The term "farmabort" is used to denote the artificial termination of a pregnancy that has begun with the use of medications. The method completely excludes surgical intervention. During this procedure, the patient takes pills in the presence of a doctor. Under the action of the components of this drug, the death of the embryo occurs. This concludes the first stage of medical abortion.

After a certain time, the woman takes another drug. Its components provoke an increase in the contractile activity of the uterine myometrium. As a result, the rejected fetal egg is expelled outward, an abortion occurs. This procedure has a number of advantages over other methods (scraping,):

no trauma to the uterus;
quick recovery of the menstrual cycle;
low risk of complications;
does not require anesthesia.

Medical termination of pregnancy - timing

Answering the question of a woman, how long a medical abortion can be carried out, doctors call 6-7 weeks. Pharmabort can be carried out no later than 42-49 days from the moment when the first day of the last menstruation was celebrated. At the same time, the effectiveness of this procedure decreases over time, and the likelihood of complications increases.

Doctors call the optimal time for a medical abortion up to 4 weeks. The fetal egg does not have time to securely fix itself in the uterine wall, therefore it is better and faster rejected and released. In addition, the hormonal background has not yet been fully established, the restructuring of the body has not been completed, so it will be easier for him to return to the previous state, before pregnancy.

Medical termination of pregnancy - contraindications

The main indication for such termination of pregnancy is the desire of the woman herself. However, not all pregnant women and not in all cases can undergo medical abortion. In addition to the time frame indicated above, there are other contraindications to the implementation of the medabort:

allergic reactions to medications in history;
liver failure;
adrenal insufficiency;
pathological bleeding;
active inflammatory process in a woman's body;
pulmonary tuberculosis;
suspicions of;
oncological processes;
lactation process;
implementation of corticosteroid therapy;
blood coagulation disorders.

How is a medical abortion performed?

Talking about how the pharmabort goes, the doctor explains the stages of the procedure. Previously, a woman needs to undergo a small examination, which is prescribed on the day of treatment:

ultrasound of the uterus;
smear on microflora;
blood test for syphilis.

After receiving the results, the exact time is assigned when the medical abortion will be performed, the terms of which are indicated above. During a second visit, the doctor re-talks with the woman, clarifies the seriousness of her intentions, whether she has changed her mind. Then the patient is given a drug that she drinks in the presence of a doctor. Under the action of the drug, the growth of the endometrium stops, and the muscle layer begins to contract. The woman is observed for 2-3 hours, after which she leaves the clinic.

The patient is given a tablet of another drug that stimulates uterine contractions. Take it after 36-48 hours, as directed by the doctor. Under the action of the drug, the dead embryo is expelled outward. Only after this medical abortion is considered complete. A woman fixes spotting.

Medical termination of pregnancy - drugs

A woman, even if she wishes, cannot independently carry out a pharmacist - pills for its implementation are not sold in the pharmacy chain. When performing a medical abortion, drugs are used with a high content of hormones, so they are issued by a doctor in a medical institution. To carry out medical termination of pregnancy, the following groups of drugs are used:

Antigestagens- suppress the action of natural progestogens at the receptor level. The representative of this group is Mifepristone, Mifegin. For pharmaceutical use 600 mg of the drug.
Prostaglandins- increase the contractility of the uterine myometrium. More often from this group, Mirolut is used. 400 mg of the drug is prescribed. It is taken 36-48 hours after the antigestagen.

How to understand that the farmabort was successful?

Complications are possible with any medical procedure, so women are often interested in doctors about how to understand that a medical abortion has failed. In order to exclude possible violations, after 14 days a woman should visit the clinic and undergo a control ultrasound. The doctor must make sure that the fetal egg, its remnants have completely left the uterine cavity. Examine the organ itself, determining the size. In a woman, the doctor specifies the nature of the discharge, the presence and severity of the pain syndrome. Often, after a pharmaceutical abortion, the test is positive - this is due to an altered hormonal background.

Menstruation after pharmaceutical abortion

Normally, menstruation after a pharmaceutical abortion comes in 28–30 days. Taking abortive drugs practically does not affect the hormonal background of a woman, so menstruation is not disturbed. However, in some cases, there is a change in the volume of secretions: they can be scarce or excessively abundant. So, a small amount of discharge after medical termination of pregnancy may be due to:

Small opening of the cervix during the abortion process - fragments of the fetus cannot normally come out, accumulating in the uterine cavity.
Incomplete abortion - the fetal egg is not completely rejected, and the fetus continues to develop.

Within 2-3 days, bleeding is observed after pharmaceutical abortion. Normally, it lasts up to 10-14 days. The fertilized egg is separated in parts, so the discharge lasts a long time. Their volume exceeds the number of menstrual. You need to be careful about the volume, making sure that they do not go into. Signs of such a complication are:

a large amount of blood secreted from the vagina - in half an hour the sanitary pad (“maxi”) is completely saturated;
pain in the lower abdomen;
dizziness;
skin blanching;
increase in the number of heartbeats;
lowering blood pressure.

Sex after pharmacist

After the pharmacist is carried out, what cannot be done and what rules to follow - the doctor explains to the woman. At the same time, special attention is paid to intimate life. Doctors do not recommend women to have sexual intercourse until the spotting stops. Otherwise, there is a high risk of infection of the reproductive system. On average, the period of abstinence should be 2-3 weeks from the moment of abortion.

Pregnancy after pharmaceutical abortion

Properly performed pharmaceutical abortion does not affect the reproductive function. after such an abortion is possible already a month later, in the next menstrual cycle. Given this fact, doctors strongly recommend protection. Often women regret their deeds and wish to become pregnant again. In addition, there are cases when the interruption was carried out for medical reasons, so a woman wants to quickly get pregnant again.

The reproductive system needs time to recover, so you should refrain from planning a pregnancy for 6 months from the moment the medical abortion was performed. During this period, doctors recommend using. In this case, it is better to give preference to mechanical (condom), since the use of hormonal agents can affect the hormonal background.

It is desirable, and sometimes the circumstances do not give the right to choose and you have to go for an interruption. If, for any reason or indication, a woman decides not to carry a pregnancy, then an abortion is best done as early as possible. Until a delay of no more than 10-14 days, doctors recommend terminating a pregnancy with medication, that is, with the help of special pills.

Medical abortion: the essence of the method

Drug interruption of an unplanned pregnancy occurs strictly up to 15-20 days of delayed menstruation, and preferably as early as possible. The advantage of the method is the absence of surgical manipulations in the uterine cavity, which is much easier for the patient physically and mentally.

How is a medical abortion performed? After examining the woman on the chair and setting the exact doctor, based on the body weight and individual characteristics of the patient's body, gives her 2 tablets to take orally. After 24-36 hours, the woman should take 2 more tablets. The first dose of the drug affects the production of the hormone progesterone, the so-called pregnancy hormone. Against the background of taking pills, the production of progesterone stops, nutrients do not enter the uterine cavity, and the fetal egg dies inside the mother's body. The second dose of the drug causes uterine contractions, which leads to the expulsion of the fetal egg and its membranes from the body through menstrual bleeding.

Medical abortion is most suitable for young girls who have never given birth, as well as young mothers who have had a caesarean section in the recent past. Of course, abortion, even with the help of pills, always poses a threat to the woman's body, but nulliparous patients, as well as mothers after cesarean section, cannot be manipulated in the uterus with surgical instruments or vacuum suction. Such actions can injure the uterine mucosa, which in nulliparous women will lead to inflammatory processes and infertility in the future, and in women after caesarean section, to possible damage to the scar and further massive internal bleeding.

Any woman who decides to have an abortion is reluctant to go to the doctor, especially young girls who are afraid of moralizing and condemnation. Having learned about the possibility of terminating a pregnancy with abortive pills, many patients go to do everything at home without going to a doctor. It is absolutely impossible to do this:

Firstly, the dose of the drug is selected by the doctor strictly individually - someone needs more medicine, someone needs much less.
Secondly, the body can react unpredictably to taking the drug, which is fraught with complications from the cardiovascular and respiratory systems.
Thirdly, not all women are suitable for medical interruption, which can cause incomplete abortion and the development of purulent inflammatory processes and peritonitis. Abortive pills are taken only under the supervision of a doctor, after about 5 hours the specialist can let the woman go home and be recommended to come for an examination after 2 days.

Medical abortion: drug choice

There are not so many drugs for medical abortion, they are all analogues of Mifepristone and have many names:

mifeprex;
Miropriston;
Mifegin.

The drugs are a progesterone antagonist, that is, they block the production of this hormone and increase the sensitivity of the uterus to prostaglandins, substances that enhance the contractile function of muscle fibers. Mifepristone must be taken in combination with prostaglandins (20-30 hours after Mifepristone tablets), since it is thanks to these substances that the fetal egg, together with the membranes, is expelled from the uterine cavity.

There are also drugs for emergency postcoital contraception, but their action is based on the prevention of pregnancy through hormonal failure. To interrupt an already ongoing pregnancy, drugs of this group are not suitable.

Pros and cons of a pharmaceutical board

Termination of pregnancy at any time does not pass without a trace for the female body, however, if we compare the pharmacist with other types of removal of the fetal egg from the uterine cavity, then a number of pros and cons of the procedure can be distinguished.

The advantages of medical abortion are:

Minimal risk of complications in the form of bleeding and damage to the uterine mucosa;
Does not develop;
Possibility of implementation for nulliparous women and young mothers after caesarean section;
Psychological aspect - pharmabort is perceived by patients more easily;
Outpatient regimen - a few hours after taking the first dose of pills, the patient can go home, while after the surgical removal of the embryo from the uterus, the woman needs to stay in the hospital for several days.

Disadvantages of medical abortion:

Incomplete removal of the fetal membranes - occurs when the dose of the drug is incorrectly calculated or the use of abortion pills at a gestational age of more than 4-5 weeks;
Continuation of pregnancy - occurs extremely rarely, only in 2% of cases;
Individual intolerance to the drug - nausea, vomiting, malfunctions of the cardiovascular system;
Hormonal failure in the body.

Pain after medical abortion

After an abortion with pills, the body needs time for the reproductive system and endocrine glands to restore their work. After taking pills with an abortive effect, the patient may experience pain of various localization:

Pain in the lower abdomen- caused by contraction of the uterus and the expulsion of the fetal egg and membranes from the body. If abdominal pain is accompanied by fever and discharge of pus from the vagina, you should immediately seek help;
Pain in the mammary glands- During pregnancy, a woman's mammary glands become highly sensitive, increase in size, engorged and hurt. After taking abortion pills, reverse changes and restructurings occur in the body, so for some time the pain in the chest will persist. As a rule, with the onset of menstruation, all unpleasant phenomena disappear;
Pain in the ovaries- abortion pills cause serious hormonal changes in the body and the organs of the reproductive system, in particular, the ovaries, are the first to react to changes. Pain in the ovarian region after taking abortion pills is due to their increase in size and increased inhibition of the production of the pregnancy hormone.

Painkillers and No-shpa during and after medical abortion

Pain in the abdomen after taking pills with an abortive effect resembles pain during menstruation. It is highly undesirable to take No-shpu or other drugs with antispasmodic and analgesic effects to reduce pain. Although these pills relieve spasm, they also negatively affect the contractility of the uterus, and this is fraught with incomplete removal of the membranes from the body. You can reduce pain in the lower abdomen after a medical abortion by lying on your stomach. In this position, clots move out of the uterus faster and more productively, which in itself reduces pain. If the pain is excessively strong and the woman cannot tolerate it, you should consult a gynecologist for advice, perhaps the dose of the medicine was incorrect.

Is it possible to get pregnant after pharmacological abortion?

Pharmacological abortion creates a situation in the body similar to spontaneous miscarriage. In the next 28-35 days, the body recovers and menstruation begins. If a woman during this period will have sex and not use contraceptives, then the onset of a new pregnancy is highly likely. In order not to risk your health and again not face a difficult choice, you should carefully protect yourself in the next 3-6 months after a medical abortion.

Is it possible to drink alcohol after a pharmaceutical abortion?

After taking pills with an abortive effect, a woman should not drink alcohol, as alcohol can adversely affect the pharmacological effect of the drug. The combination of Mifepristone tablets with alcohol is fraught with incomplete abortion and the development of inflammatory processes in the uterus.

Sex after pharmacological abortion

After taking pills with an abortive effect, a woman, as well as after any other type of abortion, should refrain from intimate relationships for the first 14 days. As soon as the discharge stops and the doctor confirms that there are no particles of membranes left in the uterus, the couple can resume sexual relations, but contraception should be used to avoid another unplanned pregnancy.

Breastfeeding after pharmacological abortion

If a woman is forced to make a pharmaceutical abortion against the background of lactation, then after taking abortion pills, the child cannot continue to breastfeed. The active ingredients of the pills can penetrate through breast milk into the child's body, and since studies on the safety of the drug for children have not been conducted, medical termination of pregnancy and continued feeding of the child incompatible.

Medical abortion: description of the procedure, consequences, recovery

Medical abortion is the termination of pregnancy with the help of drugs, without gynecological intervention. It is carried out at the request of a woman, for a fee, according to the accepted scheme and only in clinics licensed to carry out this procedure. Now in Russia there are quite a few of them.

When is the procedure possible?

How long a medical abortion is done is described in official medical documents - this is 6 weeks, in Russia. Moreover, the period is considered from the first day of the last menstruation.

Specifically, from the day of conception (often ovulation), no more than 4 weeks should pass. It's 2 weeks late period. But the sooner the procedure is performed, the greater the chance of success.

How early to find out that pregnancy has come? You can take a blood test for hCG 1-5 days before the start of a delay in menstruation. Or do a home test, but always with high sensitivity. There are test strips that show the correct result even 5 days before the start of a missed period. Moreover, their cost is small, about 50 rubles.

However, be prepared for the fact that before the start of a delay in menstruation, even if the hCG level confirms that you are pregnant, no one will give you an abortion. Neither medical nor surgical. It is necessary that an ultrasound confirm the presence of a fetal egg in the uterus. And before the start of the delay, it is not yet visible there.

How abortion pills are carried out and its disadvantages

A woman needs to find a clinic where this procedure is performed and make an appointment with a gynecologist. After confirming the uterine pregnancy and the appropriate time for the procedure, he will tell you how the medical abortion works in the early stages and issue an informed consent, which the patient must sign.

Next, she will be given a drug that she must take in the presence of a doctor. It is advisable to stay in the clinic for a couple of hours after this, but in practice, women are usually quickly allowed to go home, since the medicine is well tolerated and rarely gives side effects. These medical abortion pills are called mifepristone. After taking them, a very small number of women immediately begin to miscarry. Most people don't feel better. But there may be spotting, bloody discharge from the vagina.

After 36-48 hours, the woman should take another drug - Misoprostol. Again, this should by standards take place in the clinic, under the supervision of a doctor. And after taking this drug, after 20-30 minutes, severe cramping pains and bleeding begin. During this time, the woman should be in the clinic. If she vomits, this is one of the side effects of misoprostol and may need to be taken more. Usually, within the next 2-3 hours, a fetal egg also comes out. True, it may not be noticed, since there will be many clots. As soon as the pain subsides a little, the woman is allowed to go home.

After 7-10 days, it is necessary to do an ultrasound to make sure that there are no complications during early termination of pregnancy, and they consist primarily in incomplete miscarriage. If particles of the fetal egg remain, or it continues to develop, vacuum aspiration is suggested. Even if the woman has already decided to leave the child. The fact is that due to the use of "Misoprostol", those severe spasms that it causes, the child develops numerous malformations, such as defects in the skull, foot (horse foot), etc. And these are not all possible consequences of medical abortion. A frequent complication is severe and prolonged bleeding. By the way, this complication after vacuum aspiration is observed much less frequently. The woman is forced to take hemostatic drugs. All this limits her ability to work.

Medical abortion also has contraindications:

ectopic pregnancy;
allergic reaction;
prolonged use of glucocorticoids;
adrenal, hepatic and renal insufficiency and some others. For example, a doctor may refuse this service if a woman has a large myomatous intramuscular node, since active uterine contractions that occur after taking Misoprostol can lead to tumor necrosis.

Restoration of the cycle, sexual life, contraception and new pregnancy

Discharge after medical abortion lasts about 10-14 days, more than during normal menstruation, or even after surgical termination of pregnancy. At the same time, it is possible to determine whether the uterus has completely cleared of the membranes only by the results of ultrasound. If yes, the menstrual cycle will be restored quickly. So, menstruation after a medical abortion in the early stages usually begins after 28-35 days. In this case, ovulation may already be in the middle of this cycle, so it is very important to immediately start using reliable contraception. Many are also interested in when it is possible to have sex after a medical abortion, after how many days. Doctors recommend only after the complete cessation of discharge, that is, after 10-14 days. But we will focus on the issue of contraception.

Modern doctors recommend for women living with one permanent sexual partner, an intrauterine system (spiral) or oral contraceptives (hormonal pills). In this case, the spiral can be installed directly on the days of bleeding after an abortion. The main thing is that by that time there are no fetal membranes left in the uterus. That is, you need to do an ultrasound, and if everything is fine, you can talk with your doctor about which intrauterine system is best for you, buy and install it. Intrauterine systems are installed in the last days of menstruation, when the cervical canal is ajar, so that the procedure is easier and painless.

Oral contraceptives can be started within the first 5 days after a miscarriage. Strictly according to the instructions. Then the contraceptive effect will be good and will come quickly (how fast depends on the day of the cycle on which the drug was taken). In addition, hormonal contraceptives will help restore hormonal levels. Doctors often prescribe them after an abortion to take them for at least three months, or even before the start of pregnancy planning, if there are no contraindications to the pills.

Is it possible to terminate a pregnancy in this way on your own without going to a doctor

Many women and this option of abortion is not entirely satisfied. Expensive... And again, you need to go to the doctors. Therefore, they try to independently purchase drugs that, in their opinion, should “help”. Since there are no drugs necessary for medical abortion in the free market, they buy what is available. And this is Oxytocin. It is sometimes used for incomplete abortions or to increase labor pains. But in early pregnancy, this drug alone will not help in any way. It will only lead to very painful uterine contractions, possibly bleeding. But it is very unlikely that a miscarriage will occur, especially a complete one. And the remains of the membranes in the uterus is a direct threat of blood poisoning.

For this reason, in order to avoid severe complications, you should not cause a miscarriage on your own at any time.