Trichomoniasis in women: causes, symptoms, treatment, consequences. Traditional treatment of the disease. Oral trichomoniasis - symptoms and treatment

Trichomoniasis is one of the urogenital infections, which, if not properly treated, threatens to develop serious complications. In most cases, this disease is diagnosed in women, because women are more likely than men to undergo routine examinations, and also because the signs of infection are more pronounced in them.

Trichomoniasis can only be transmitted during direct sexual intercourse. The household route of infection with this infection through washcloths, wet swimwear, bed linen, and shared towels is almost impossible. For the optimal existence of the infectious agent, it is necessary that the pH level of the vaginal environment (in women) be 5.5-6.6.

Causes of trichomoniasis in women:

sexual intercourse (at the time of orgasm, Trichomonas enters the uterine cavity);

abortion (consequence) or childbirth (a natural violation of the mechanical protection of the uterine cavity due to the expansion of the muscles that close the cervix);

the period of menstruation and the period after its end (there is a change in the acidity of the vaginal environment).

Based on the duration and symptoms of the disease, there are three forms of infection:

Trichomonas carriage (the course of the disease is asymptomatic, and Trichomonas is found in the vaginal whites);

chronic trichomoniasis (minor clinical manifestations are present) - the time of the presence of the disease is 2 or more months;

fresh trichomoniasis (oligosymptomatic, subacute and acute form).

In general, in 10.5% of infected people, the infection proceeds independently, and all other cases of the disease are combined with gonorrhea, ureaplasmosis, chlamydia and other pathologies. This behavior of the infection is explained by the fact that Trichomonas is a kind of base for other microorganisms. The frequency of trichomonas carriers is 2-41%, which is associated with the degree of immunity.

Diagnosis of the disease:

immunological methods (RIFA and PCR diagnostics);

cultural method (sowing material on a special nutrient medium);

microscopic examination of the stained preparation (Romanovsky-Giemsa method, methylene blue, Gram);

microscopy of an unstained (native) smear.

With a combination of several diagnostic methods, the determinability of trichomoniasis is significantly increased.

The first symptoms of trichomoniasis after direct infection

The incubation period of the infection is 4-14 days, while the first signs of the disease begin to appear 4-5 days after the moment of infection. With trichomoniasis, the symptoms directly depend on the place of introduction and spread of the infectious agent. In most cases, the infection affects the cervix, urethra, and vagina.

The pathognomic sign of infection is the presence of copious amounts of leucorrhoea discharge from the vagina.

These secretions are yellowish or greenish in color, profuse, foamy.

In addition, vaginal leucorrhoea in the case of trichomoniasis has an unpleasant odor, which, when attached to gardnerelles, leads to a fishy odor.

Quite often, the disease is accompanied by dyspareunia (pain during intercourse).

When the infection spreads to the urethral mucosa, urination disorders (burning, pain, cramps) may appear, there are also frequent urges to urinate, which may indicate the development of urethritis.

Also, almost all patients complain of burning and itching in the vagina, its swelling and redness.

Rarely enough, but there are complaints about the presence of pain in the lower abdomen.

During a vaginal examination, hyperemia of the vaginal mucosa is observed, while vulvovaginitis is present, the cervix is ​​in a softened state and bleeds easily when the mirror is touched. In addition, the ingress of vaginal whites on the inner surface of the thighs and the skin of the perineum causes irritation of the skin and their ulceration, abrasions and sores of various sizes appear. With trichomonas cervicitis, a colposcopic conclusion is characteristic - strawberry cervix. The cervix is ​​visualized with a large number of capillary hemorrhages.

Signs of chronic trichomoniasis

The chronic form of trichomoniasis is a consequence of the neglect of the disease, or its transition from an acute form to a chronic one, due to the lack of treatment of this disease in a woman or her sexual partner. A characteristic feature of chronic trichomoniasis is the presence of periodic exacerbations and the duration of the course.

Relapses of the disease contribute to:

ovarian hypofunction;

decreased immunity (hypothermia, general diseases);

alcohol consumption;

sexual contacts;

menstruation;

non-compliance with the rules of personal intimate hygiene and other factors.

The course of trichomoniasis without exacerbation is characterized by mild symptoms. Patients complain of an increase in the number and volume of vaginal whites, a feeling of discomfort in the vagina, which intensifies at the time of sexual intercourse. The period of exacerbation of the disease has similar symptoms with the acute form of trichomoniasis.

Complications of trichomoniasis

Chronic trichomoniasis can cause such consequences:

the formation of a malignant process in the cervix;

complications of pregnancy (antenatal and intranatal fetal death, chorionamnionitis, prenatal rupture of water, premature birth, miscarriage);

sexual disorders (anorgasmia, frigidity);

female infertility - obstruction of the fallopian tubes, chronic inflammation of the uterine appendages.

Today, researchers argue that trichomonas can cause many diseases, including: oncology of the female reproductive organs, mastopathy, allergic manifestations, and diabetes mellitus. Some of the statements are confirmed in the course of research.

Treatment of trichomoniasis

To get rid of the infection, both sexual partners must undergo treatment, even if one of them has no signs of the disease. First of all, for the period of treatment, it is necessary to abandon the use of alcohol and spicy foods. It is also necessary to observe sexual rest during the period of therapy and until laboratory confirmation of a negative result, in order to avoid reinfection.

With trichomoniasis, drug treatment in a woman should only be prescribed by a doctor, since self-medication is not allowed. Medicines should have a spectrum of action against anaerobic organisms. In other words, the use of agents belonging to the group of 5-nitroimidazoles is required. These drugs include:

"Metronidazole" and its analogues ("Ornidazole", "Ternidazole", "Tinidazole", "Flagil", "Trichopolum").

All drugs against trichomoniasis are effective only when administered internally in combination with local therapy (Metrogyl gel, vaginal). They also carry out invaginal therapy with suppositories, one per day for 7-10 days. It can be: "Betadine", "Klion-D", "Terzhinan".

A variety of treatment regimens for trichomoniasis are used:

"Fasigine" 150 mg 2 r / day for a week;

"Tinidazole" 0.5 grams - 4 tablets at once, a single dose;

"Trichopol" 0.5 grams or 1 tablet 2 r / day. The duration of the course is 7-10 days.

Treatment of the chronic stage of the disease practically does not differ from the treatment of the acute stage. In addition to antitrichomonas drugs, therapy involves taking adaptogens (aralia tincture, eleutherococcus tincture, Aloe extract), vitamins and immunostimulating agents.

Control tests after a negative response to trichomoniasis are taken for another 3 months during each menstruation.

Prevention measures

Prevention of trichomoniasis infection practically does not differ from other urogenital infections and is as follows:

passing a regular gynecological examination (at least twice a year);

compliance with the rules of intimate hygiene;

use of barrier contraceptives (condoms);

confidence in the health of the sexual partner;

the presence of a permanent sexual partner (one).

In the case of unprotected intercourse, the following drugs can be used as an emergency prevention measure for infection: Betadine, Miramistin, which reduce the risk of infection by 70%, provided that the treatment of the genital organs and washing of the vagina was carried out no later than 2 hours after intercourse.

To do this, it is necessary to introduce a solution of "Betadine" or "Miramistin" (no more than 5 ml through the urological nozzle) into the vagina or douche with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. The external genitalia must be carefully treated with an antiseptic - Miramistin or Chlorhexidine. Such procedures can only be carried out as an emergency protection, since they are not a way to protect against sexually transmitted infections.

The most common questions from patients

Do people who have successfully undergone trichomoniasis develop strong immunity?

No, Trichomonas infection can occur repeatedly.

Why is it forbidden to drink alcohol during the treatment period?

How to use vaginal suppositories during menstruation, if they are prescribed as a treatment for trichomoniasis?

If, according to your calculations, the period of menstruation will soon begin or has already begun, the use of vaginal suppositories should be postponed until they end. Suppositories can be administered only in the absence of bleeding.

Is it possible to conduct therapy for trichomoniasis during pregnancy and should it be interrupted due to the presence of such a disease?

It is necessary to treat trichomoniasis during pregnancy, while therapy will depend on the trimester of pregnancy. The doctor will prescribe the appropriate treatment option. If the pregnancy is desired, then it is not necessary to terminate it.

Trichomonas were found in the smears, but the analyzes of the sexual partner are “clean”, there are no complaints. Does he need to be treated?

Treatment of the disease must be carried out without fail for both, regardless of the results of the analyzes of the sexual partner.

Many people are interested in what pills are prescribed for trichomoniasis. With this pathology, which provokes the occurrence of inflammatory processes, the doctor prescribes medication. You cannot get rid of trichomoniasis with pills alone, so you need to undergo complex drug therapy.

The Trichomonas bacterium affects the genitourinary system of both men and women (including), and children. If treatment is not started in time, the disease can become chronic, change into another form, there will be a threat of miscarriage, premature birth or infertility.

How is trichomoniasis treated?

It is required to consider the features of the treatment of trichomoniasis. The disease can be eliminated by complex therapy, which usually includes:

Treatment involves both sexual partners being tested and taking medication. Reception of drugs should be continued until the symptoms of trichomoniasis disappear and the laboratory examination does not give a negative result.

On average, the course of treatment is 7-14 days with a possible repetition in a month. This is typical for patients who have had a relapse of the disease.

For men, trichomoniasis treatment is prescribed for a period of 8 to 12 days, but this period is always extended, since complications often occur or the prescribed drug is not suitable, demonstrating its inefficiency. Men are required to take tests, and even if the results are negative, they still have to undergo treatment. From oral medications, men should drink the following medications:

1. Metronidazole.
2. Nimorazole.
3. Ornidazole.
4. Ternidazole.
5. Tinidazole.

Topical preparations

Topical preparations that can cure pathology are available in the form of ointments, gels and creams. For example, this is Rosex cream, which is produced in France, and Rozamet ointment / cream, manufactured in Croatia.

Additionally, other drugs can be prescribed to protect the liver during therapy (hepatoprotectors), antibiotics that are effective in eliminating other infections and bacteria mixed with Trichomonas, immunomodulators (Viferon-3, Immunal, Cycloferon, Kagocel). In order to anesthetize and eliminate itching, antispasmodics, analgesics are prescribed that can relieve discomfort, as well as adaptogens, which can be: ginseng, aloe, eleutherococcus.

For sure to carry out sanitation, completely empty the bladder, rinse the genitals, take a hygienic shower twice or thrice a day. The effectiveness of treatment for trichomoniasis is assessed 7 days after the main therapeutic measures have been completed. To do this, men must pass tests for a laboratory test, sowing on the microflora, a smear, and be diagnosed by PCR.

It is forbidden to test on your own new drugs that appear in the pharmacy all the time. Otherwise, a person is able to harm his health for a long period. It is better to carry out regular preventive measures that will help avoid infection of the genitourinary system.

Prevention

Among the main measures it is worth highlighting the following:

1. Avoid promiscuity.
2. Use condoms and other methods of contraception.
3. Have sexual intercourse with a regular and healthy partner.
4. Regularly visit your doctor, take tests to detect infections in the genital tract and organs in time.
5. If you have unprotected sexual intercourse or use a low-quality condom, consult a doctor to prescribe preventive medications.

It is necessary to use bactericidal agents to treat the genitals. These are, for example, Betadine, Miramistin and Chlorhexidine.

- a disease that occupies a leading position among many STDs. According to statistical calculations, women suffer from this disease many times more often than gonorrhea or syphilis.

The source of infection is protozoa. The inflammatory process begins on the mucous membrane of the vagina. This disease is the cause of many diseases of the genitourinary system.

Treatment of trichomoniasis in women should be carried out by a qualified specialist. Since immunity to this disease is not developed, infection can occur at any time.

If this problem is left without any attention and the necessary course of treatment is not carried out, then complications and chronic diseases cannot be avoided.

Trichomonas vaginalis is mobile, due to this it can penetrate into the urethra, causing inflammation. Microorganisms die under the influence of direct sunlight, when heated and dried. In the absence of a favorable environment, they can remain viable for several hours.

Infection, most often occurs through sexual contact, in order to get infected in a different way, you need to regularly neglect all the rules of personal hygiene.

From the moment you get the infection until the first signs appear, a lot of time can pass, up to 1-2 months. Most often, they begin to appear already on the 10th day.

Sometimes, any changes and discomfort do not torment a woman at all. She is only a carrier of the disease, can infect sexual partners.

However, women are rare carriers.

Sometimes people learn about such an ailment only after a routine medical examination. And while the woman did not know about it, she could infect other people.

This proves once again the importance regular check-ups at the gynecologist especially during an active sexual life.

When the disease began its development, the following symptoms are observed:

• Yellow or green discharge, which also has an unpleasant odor. Foam is formed, this is what you should pay attention to, because this symptom will be a characteristic difference;
• Feeling of itching and discomfort on the external genitalia;
• Pain and cutting sensations when urinating;
• Frequent urination;
• Redness of the vestibule of the vagina, sometimes swelling appears;
• Sexual intercourse is painful;
• Weak pain in the lower abdomen.

How to treat trichomoniasis in women and what is the duration of therapy will be determined only by the attending physician, don't try to solve the problem on your own.. This is fraught with horrific consequences and a protracted course of the disease.

Diagnosis of trichomoniasis

Before starting treatment, be sure to disease diagnosis. The gynecologist uses the following methods to conduct the study:

1. Questioning the patient to find out about the presence of past diseases of the genitourinary system, about possible diseases of the sexual partner;
2. Initial examination of the condition of the external genital organs to determine the presence of redness or swelling;
3. Examination with a special gynecological mirror to carefully examine the condition of the walls of the vagina, cervix;
4. Bimanual examination of the appendages and uterus.

Indications for analysis:

• acute inflammation and chronic infections of the genitourinary system;
• spontaneous miscarriage and infertility;
• pathological course of pregnancy;
• partner has an STD.

If the presence of the disease is suspected, the following tests are prescribed:

• general analysis of blood and urine;
• smear analysis;
• PCR study;
• determination of drug sensitivity.

Diagnosis and further treatment of trichomonas in women includes an assessment of the signs of the disease at the time of testing.

How to cure a disease

It does not matter if characteristic symptoms are present, treatment is prescribed for each patient with this diagnosis based on the results of tests and examination by a doctor.

Drugs are prescribed only after a complete examination and an accurate diagnosis.. Otherwise, from such ineffective treatment, antibiotics may not work with further treatment.

The acute form of the disease is more effectively treatable than the disease in the chronic form.

When trichomoniasis affects the organs of the reproductive and urinary systems, a complete sanitation of the vagina, urethra, and cervix is ​​carried out.

The most effective drug for the treatment of this disease is Metronidazole. The substance is capable of destroying the simplest microorganisms.

The scheme of treatment of trichomoniasis in women in several forms with the drug Metronidazole:

In case of intolerance to the drug, the patient is prescribed tinidazole and ornidazole.

• Tinidazole is prescribed for 7 days, 1 tablet 2 times a day.
• Ornidazole is used 1 time for the whole time, in the amount of 2 g.

Sometimes there is a need to prescribe alternative medicines, such as:

• Application nitazol It is carried out in the form of tablets, vaginal suppositories and a special spray. The course of treatment lasts up to 2 weeks. Inside in the form of tablets take 100 mg. substances, 3 times a day. 2 times a day, it is necessary to insert suppositories into the vagina, and also treat with a spray. After the introduction of the drug into the vagina, it is desirable to be in a supine position for 20-30 minutes. The main feature of this medication is that such therapy is repeated 2-3 months after the end of menstruation;
• Introduction into the vagina 250 mg. osarsola 2 times a day;
• Reception furazolidone required in the amount of 2 tablets, 4 times a day, the general course is 3 days.

Therapy during pregnancy

During pregnancy, the body of women undergoes multiple changes, including a decrease in immune functions, which in turn provokes the development of unwanted microorganisms. A woman may be infected for the first time or be a carrier of the disease.

Microorganisms do not have a detrimental effect on the fetus, however, any inflammation of the genital organs leads to the possibility abortion getting an infection in the womb.

The development of microorganisms creates an aggressive environment that is unacceptable for bearing a fetus. Due to this, the destruction of the fetal membranes occurs, which in some cases led to development of pathologies or fetal death.

Treatment with metronidazole can be carried out only from the 2nd trimester of pregnancy.

Treatment regimen for a pregnant woman:

1. The introduction of vaginal suppositories with metronidazole, 1 time per day, preferably at bedtime, the general course is 7 days;
2. Ornidazole in the amount of 1.5 mg., once.

IMPORTANT! In addition to the 1st trimester of pregnancy, there is a danger of prescribing these drugs a few weeks before delivery.

During pregnancy, only the attending physician can decide how to cure trichomoniasis in women. Because in each case, therapeutic measures will be different.

Quick Treatments

If there is a need to quickly get rid of the infection, metronidazole is prescribed in the form of injections or droppers, 500 mg, 3 times a day, for 7 days.

In the chronic form of the disease, there is a need for immunotherapy. The introduction of a vaccine such as Solkotrikhovac is prescribed. Such therapy improves antibacterial processes. When conducting a full course, the disease does not occur within 1 year.

You can quickly cure trichomoniasis using the methods of traditional medicine in conjunction with drug therapy.

Folk methods of treatment

Leaves of bird cherry, calendula, celandine in an equal ratio of 20g each, brew with 1 cup of boiling water.

Let the herbs brew for 20 minutes, after which the cooled solution can be used to douche the vagina or urethra.

When infected from pets, it is necessary to prepare tincture of calendula:

Take 60 grams of calendula flowers, pour alcohol and let it brew in a dark, cool place for a week. Take a small amount of this remedy by mouth 30 minutes before meals.

Preventive measures

By following the rules of prevention, sexually transmitted diseases can be easily avoided.

• Use barrier methods of contraception in case of accidental sexual contact;
• Have regular sex life with only one partner. Every six months to undergo a joint examination;
• Observe all the necessary norms of hygiene of the genital organs;
• If you find the first signs of the disease, immediately contact a specialist.

Conclusion

There are many effective ways to treat Trichomonas in women. Still, it is better to prevent the formation of infection than to treat the consequences.

Every woman is obliged to carefully monitor the condition of her genitourinary system.

However, some people may not be treated for STDs for years, or may not know about them at all. In this case, there is a risk of developing infertility, as well as malignant tumors.

In contact with

Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted disease that is characterized by inflammatory processes occurring in the genitourinary system. The causative agent of the disease is Trichomonas vaginalis, infection occurs through sexual contact. Often occurs in conjunction with gonorrhea, chlamydia, candidiasis, mycoplasma.

If the patient does not receive the necessary treatment, then trichomoniasis goes from acute to chronic. This can cause infertility, prostatitis, complications during childbearing and childbirth, often leading to infection of the fetus, and sometimes to its death.

Features of the treatment of trichomoniasis

For a complete recovery, both partners must be treated at the same time, and during treatment it is necessary to refuse sexual intercourse. Treatment is carried out by a venereologist, gynecologist and urologist, it should be carried out regardless of the stage of the disease. Antibodies are produced, but this does not mean that it is impossible to get sick again, since the protection of antibodies is quite low.

One course of treatment is usually 30 days. After that, it is necessary to conduct tests again, and initially they make a provocation with an injection of Pyroginal to temporarily reduce immunity. If the patient is not completely cured, trichomonas are again found in the smear.

The provocation can be caused in another way - by taking alcohol along with spicy dishes, which also quickly lowers immunity. Unfortunately, one course of treatment is rarely enough, just during this period, trichomonas pass into a latent form (they do not multiply and do not develop). However, their presence undermines the general condition of the body and reduces immunity, which threatens a pregnant woman with premature birth.

It may take from one and a half to three years to completely get rid of the presence of Trichomonas, and this is provided that both partners are treated, do not drink alcohol and do not have sex.

Repeated courses of treatment are determined by the doctor based on the specific situation, having studied the tests. The repeated course of therapy is 14-30 days, after which the treatment is stopped, and regular tests are carried out. If the presence of trichomoniasis is confirmed again, a new course is prescribed.

The disease can be considered cured if the diagnosis does not reveal Trichomonas in both partners. The microflora of the genital organs is normalized; for this, a vaccine containing lactobacilli bacillus is preliminarily prescribed. In some cases, immunomodulating agents are used (to increase immunity).

If a person carefully follows all the doctor's instructions, the disease completely disappears, and the duration of this directly depends on how quickly specific measures were taken to cure the disease after the disease. However, we should not forget that immunity against re-infection is not formed, and with frequent changes of partners, re-infection is not excluded.

Treatment regimens

Treatment is mandatory for anyone who has Trichomonas, regardless of the presence of symptoms. The appointment of treatment is strictly individual, it depends on age, gender, concomitant diseases, the presence of an allergy to drugs, and previous illnesses. Moreover, a complete examination is mandatory beforehand in order to make an absolutely correct diagnosis.

Incorrectly prescribed treatment will not only be ineffective, but can also lead to the development of a chronic form of the inflammatory reaction, as well as to the resistance of pathological microorganisms to antibiotics.

The most easily treated trichomoniasis in the acute form, when moving to the chronic stage, the treatment will be longer and more difficult. In pregnant women, treatment is prescribed only from the fourth month.

To date, several metronidazole treatment regimens have been developed:

With individual intolerance to this drug, the following are prescribed:

1. Tinidazole and Ornidazole on a tablet 2 times a day for 7 days.
2. Nitazol (Aminitrozol) - the drug is available in the form of tablets, aerosol and vaginal suppositories. Tablets - 3 times a day, duration - 2 weeks. Vaginal suppositories and aerosols are used every 12 hours, and after application the patient should lie down for half an hour. Treatment according to this scheme lasts 90 days with breaks for the duration of menstruation.
3. Osarsol (Acetarsol, Vaginal, Spirocid) are used as 2 times a day for 20 days.
4. Furazolidone - 3 times 2 tablets for three days.

Sometimes a Klion-D treatment regimen is prescribed, which includes miconazole and metronidazole. This drug has shown to be very effective in the treatment of fungal and bacterial infections in the genitourinary system. Suppositories are inserted into the vagina 1 piece at bedtime for 10 days.

When choosing a treatment regimen, be sure to consult a doctor and follow the instructions clearly. Complex therapy with antitrichomonas drugs is also used.

Local treatment

In the presence of complications and the chronic form of trichomoniasis, symptomatic agents are prescribed together with ointments and gels. If the disease occurs together with other infections (chlamydia, gonococci, candida, ureplasma), antibiotic treatment is also added.

The use of local therapy is necessary for contraindications to metronidazole or if the patient is intolerant to it. Contraindications are anomalies in the nervous system and in blood clotting.

Women are advised to make tinctures of sage and chamomile herbs for douching, tampons and baths. Men need to inject a solution of silver nitrate (0.5 ml of solution per half liter of water) or ethacridine lactate (0.5 ml of solution per liter of water) into the urethra. The water must be boiled.

Applications of 1% mefenamic acid and Betadine suppositories have proven themselves well. In the absence of complications, antiprotozoal drugs are prescribed - they have a detrimental effect on Trichomonas. When antibiotic therapy is carried out, it is necessary to restore the vaginal microflora to avoid dysbacteriosis. For this, it is recommended to use Acilact, Ginolact, Vagilak, Gynoflor.

Immunotherapy and home treatment

Immunotherapy is used in the chronic stage of the disease or in the resistance of Trichomonas to drugs. Solkotrikhovak is a vaccine from dead lactobacilli, which contribute to the production of antibodies to Trichomonas, increasing the effectiveness of antibacterial agents. Do three injections every 14 days, which provides protection for a year.

Non-specific immunotherapy:

1. The use of Pyrogenal to activate the immune system.
2. Autohemotherapy - the introduction of the patient's own blood taken from a vein.
3. Lactotherapy is characterized by intramuscular or subcutaneous administration of sterilized milk.
4. Ultrahigh frequency therapy.
5. Electrophoresis of therapeutic drugs through the vaginal electrode.

After the approval of the doctor, you can supplement the main treatment with traditional medicine. The following recipes are considered effective:

In case of trichomoniasis, one should not fall into despair, since the disease is treated, the main thing is not to self-medicate, but strictly follow the instructions and recommendations of the attending physician.

Urogenital trichomoniasis, or trichomoniasis, is caused by Trichomonas vaginalis (Trichomonas vaginalis). In most cases, the pathogen enters a person sexually, especially through casual sexual contact. There are known cases of infection through personal belongings that have already been used by a previously infected person.

Trichomonas is a microorganism belonging to the type of Protozoa, capable of all the main life types of organization: movement, reproduction, metabolism, nutrition, etc. The shape of a microbe resembles a pear in its appearance, but is constantly changing due to movement and the encounter of obstacles. The usual size of Trichomonas vaginalis is up to 20 microns, sometimes individuals up to 35 microns come across.

Note:larger forms are characteristic of the chronic stage of the disease.

The causative agent of the disease feeds by phagocytosis. Reproduction proceeds by longitudinal or multiple division. Trichomonas is able to move into an immobile stage, resistant to adverse environmental conditions, since the active form is very sensitive to changes in temperature parameters of habitat. Sunlight is also detrimental to the microbe.

The chemical composition of the medium (acidic, neutral, slightly alkaline) is well tolerated by the pathogen.

Trichomonas vaginalis lives in the human genitourinary system. When penetrating, it does not always cause clinical manifestations of the disease, since immunity successfully resists it. In this case, we are dealing with Trichomonas carriers.

Inflammation of the urethra - trichomoniasis, occurs with increased activity (virulence) and weakening of the body. The latter include hypothermia, severe illness, malnutrition.

Note:in an isolated form, trichomoniasis is not so common. Usually several infections are combined at the same time (,).

Where does Trichomonas live in the body?

The clinical picture of trichomoniasis lesions is nonspecific. Manifestations of urethritis are the same for different types of pathogen (gonococcus, chlamydia, Trichomonas).

Immunity to trichomoniasis does not develop.

The incubation period (from infection to manifestations) lasts an average of 10 days, sometimes up to a month.

Symptoms of trichomoniasis in men

The patient complains of symptoms of urethritis:

• pain during urination;
• increased urge to urinate;
• the appearance of secretions (mucous, watery, foamy, purulent) from the urethra;

The trichomoniasis process can spread to:

• the prostate gland;
• seminal vesicles;
• epididymis;
• bulbourethral glands;
• paraurethral ducts;
• foreskin glands;
• bladder;
• renal pelvis;
• skin of the head of the penis (balanoposthitis);
• foreskin.

The most common complications of trichomoniasis are inflammation of the prostate (prostatitis) and inflammation of the epididymis (epididymitis).

With the development of trichomoniasis in women, characteristic complaints appear:

Often along the way there are genital warts.

The pathological process develops in:

• urethra;
• cervix;
• glands of the vestibule of the vagina;
• uterine cavity;
• fallopian tubes.

In the glands of the vestibule of the vagina, the excretory ducts overlap due to edema, and a “false” abscess is formed.

If the disease affects the cervix (), then swelling of the cervix occurs, accompanied by copious discharge. Erosion often occurs.

Note: the chronic variant of the disease is asymptomatic, or with a "blurred" picture.

Methods for determining the disease, laboratory diagnostics

The diagnosis of trichomoniasis is made on the basis of a comprehensive examination of the patient, including:

• collection of patient complaints;
• inspection data;
• laboratory diagnostics.

Trichomoniasis does not give any specific manifestations. The symptoms are the same for most. Therefore, in the diagnosis of primary importance are the data of laboratory studies.

Laboratory diagnosis of trichomoniasis

Native preparations are being studied to determine live Trichomonas. A drop of human excreta is placed on a microscope slide with two drops of saline. A cover slip is placed on the mixture and analyzed under a microscope.

Detection of Trichomonas should be carried out as soon as possible after sampling, to prevent exposure to high or low temperatures, drying, as under these conditions, microorganisms quickly die.

Important:a specific feature of Trichomonas is their movement. At the same time, one can observe rocking, jerky jerks,

If the patient does not have pathogens in the analysis, but with severe clinical symptoms, an additional variant of microscopy is performed: the first stream of urine is subjected to centrifugation, and after the appearance of threads, flakes, crumbs in it, these elements are selected with a pipette. In them, it is often possible to detect and identify the pathogen.

It is necessary to observe the temperature regime of the study:

• keep the test tube with the material in a glass of warm water;
• use a warm glass slide.

The detection of pathogenic Trichomonas is facilitated by the use of staining methods for biomaterials.

In cases of asymptomatic course, a culture method can be used.

It is necessary to be treated both in the case of existing complaints and without them, but when a pathogen is detected, since an asymptomatic carrier can be a source of infection.

Prophylactic therapy for carriers is also necessary to avoid disease recurrence in asymptomatic treated patients.

Antibiotics and sulfa drugs used to treat most urogenital infections are ineffective against trichomoniasis.

In therapy, Metronidazole (Flagyl, Trichopolum) is used. Developed schemes for taking the drug depending on the form of the disease.

Note:in 90-98% of cases, it is possible to achieve recovery after a course of treatment for trichomoniasis.

To alleviate inflammatory processes, a local effect is applied by washing the urethra with solutions of silver nitrate, mercury oxycyanide, ethacridine. Then Osarsol with Boric acid and Glucose is introduced into the canal.

Effectively manifests itself Hexamethylenetetramine, Levomycetin with Boric acid. These formulations are injected into the urethra and into the vagina.

Treatment of trichomoniasis is supplemented by the use of Tinidazoda, Nitasol.

The criterion of cure is considered to be negative laboratory tests with repeated repetitions within 2 months.

Physiotherapeutic procedures can be applied until the discomfort disappears completely.

It is important to remember that trichomoniasis is sexually transmitted, so the best way to protect against infection is to keep the relationship clean. Casual, promiscuous sex never ends well for health.