Omeprazole time of action. Omeprazole: instructions for use. Instructions for medical use

Good afternoon, dear readers. Today we’ll talk about what omeprazole is prescribed for. I often hear from acquaintances and friends that the doctor prescribes this drug. Let's find out more about him. I give the floor to the practicing physician Ganshina Ilona Valerievna.

The modern rhythm of life, malnutrition and stress provoke digestive disorders, gastritis and stomach ulcers. Each of these conditions requires adequate drug therapy.

Such a severe pathology as gastric ulcer occurs due to the effect of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori on the gastric mucosa. With untimely treatment, the risk of a perforated ulcer increases.

The drug Omeprazole is used to suppress the growth and vital activity of this bacterium. With the advent of Omeprazole on the pharmaceutical market, the possibility of drug correction of ulcerative conditions arose.

Against the background of the characteristics of the drug, the question arises of what the remedy is prescribed for? This drug helps to suppress the excessive production of hydrochloric acid in the stomach. This quality allows you to prescribe Omeprazole for diseases associated with increased acidity in the stomach.

Compound

The active substance of this medication is 5-methoxy benzimidazole. Additional components include nipagin, glycerin, titanium dioxide, gelatin, nipazole, sodium lauryl sulfate and purified water.

The drug is available in the form of hard-coated capsules. Each capsule consists of 2 parts. Inside each capsule is the contents of a light beige color.

One cell contour plate contains 10 capsules with the active substance.

Indications for use

The drug Omeprazole is used to treat and prevent diseases of the digestive tract. The main indications for taking the drug include:

• Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum caused by bacterial agents and the use of nonsteroidal drugs.
• Therapy of the Zolinger-Ellison syndrome, which occurs with a tumor process in the stomach, pancreatic zheoez and duodenum.
• Reflux esophagitis. With this disease, acidic gastric contents are thrown into the lumen of the esophagus. With untimely treatment, the disease can be complicated by ulcers and erosions of the walls of the esophagus.
• Ulcerative lesions of the stomach, which arose under the influence of a traumatic factor and stress.
• Polyendocrine adenomatosis. The disease is characterized by tumor lesions of the endocrine glands. Most often, the parathyroid glands and pancreas are involved in the process.
• Mastocytosis (systemic). This condition is characterized by an increase in the number of mast cells in the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract, resulting in the formation of ulcers.

The drug Omeprazole has a pronounced antibacterial effect against Helicobacter pylori.

This bacterium causes gastritis and stomach ulcers in 75% of cases. Since this microorganism is able to multiply only in an acidic environment, when the acidity decreases under the action of Omerpazole, the bacterium dies.

The following symptoms lead to the appointment of this medication:

• increased gas formation in the intestines;
• from heartburn;
• belching sour;
• nausea;
• vomit;
• heaviness in the stomach and general malaise;
• stool disorders (constipation).

In addition, the drug is widely used in the complex therapy of pancreatitis, as well as to eliminate digestive dyspepsia. As a prophylactic, omeprazole is effective in preventing recurrence of peptic ulcer disease and in preventing gastric bleeding in critically ill patients. Detailed advice on what omeprazole treats can be obtained at a doctor's appointment.

Video - the latest news about the drug

With gastritis

This drug is often used for gastritis with high acidity. Such therapy avoids the progression of the disease, and prevents the development of peptic ulcer. Before prescribing the remedy, each patient needs to conduct a pH-metry of gastric juice to assess acidity.

Omeprazole treatment alleviates the general condition, eliminates heartburn, flatulence and pain syndrome characteristic of gastritis.

Instructions for use

The drug Omeprazole is used for oral administration. Capsules are recommended to be taken whole, without chewing, with plenty of water.

Most people have a question about whether to take the medicine before meals or after it? The drug can be taken with food, but the maximum effect is observed after taking on an empty stomach.

1. With exacerbation of peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, for the treatment of reflux esophagitis and drug-induced ulcers, the recommended dosage of the drug is 20 mg of the substance once a day. In severe reflux esophagitis, the standard dosage is increased to 40 mg. The course of treatment of peptic ulcer is from 2 to 4 weeks. If necessary, this period is extended to 5 weeks. Reflux esophagitis and drug-induced gastropathy needs longer treatment (4 to 8 weeks).
2. For the treatment of peptic ulcer in patients who are not sensitive to other antiulcer drugs, a dosage of 40 mg of the substance is used 1 time per day. The course of treatment is from 4 to 8 weeks.
3. For the treatment of peptic ulcer in patients with hepatic insufficiency, the recommended dosage is 10 to 20 mg once daily. It is not recommended to increase the dosage above 20 mg.
4. For the treatment of Zolinger-Elisson syndrome, it is recommended to use a dosage of 60 mg 1 time per day. In severe cases of the disease, it is permissible to increase the dosage to 80-120 mg.
5. For gastritis with high acidity, as well as for the prevention of peptic ulcer, the daily dosage is 10 mg.
6. Antibacterial therapy in identifying Helicobacter pylori, consists in taking 20 mg of the substance 2 times a day.

In some situations, the dosage of the medicinal substance is selected for each patient individually.

children

This drug is widely used in pediatric practice. It is prescribed for children over 5 years old. If the child is under 5 years of age, then Omeprazole is acceptable for appointment with Zolinger-Elisson syndrome. In this case, the dosage of the drug is selected individually.

When calculating the dosage, the weight of the child is taken into account:

• Up to 10 kg - 5 mg of the substance;
• From 10 to 20 kg - 10 mg of the substance;
• More than 20 kg - 20 mg of the substance.

During pregnancy

The drug Omeprazole is not recommended for use during childbearing and breastfeeding. It is strictly forbidden to use this substance in the 1st trimester of pregnancy, since the active components of the drug can cause fetal developmental disorders.

In very rare cases, the remedy is prescribed to pregnant women. In this case, the doctor carefully selects the dosage.

Contraindications

In most cases, this drug is well tolerated by the body. People with liver and kidney failure deserve special attention.

In this case, the tool is used with caution. The official instructions for the drug contain the following contraindications:

• During pregnancy and breastfeeding;
• children's age up to 5 years (conditional contraindication);
• individual intolerance to the components of the drug.

Side effects

If the indicated dosage of Omeprazole is not observed or against the background of individual hypersensitivity, the following adverse reactions may occur:

1. From the digestive system: flatulence, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, perversion of taste sensations, dryness of the oral mucosa, stomatitis.
2. From the musculoskeletal system: muscle pain, arthralgia, myasthenia gravis.
3. From the nervous system: headache, dizziness, excessive emotional arousal, depression, encephalopathy, sleep disturbances (insomnia).
4. On the part of the skin: in rare cases, a person develops photosensitivity, alopecia, pruritus and rash.
5. Reactions of an allergic nature: against the background of taking Omeprazole, angioedema, bronchospasm, anaphylactic shock, fever, urticaria may develop.
6. Concomitant reactions: in rare cases, there may be swelling of the extremities, decreased visual acuity, excessive sweating, general malaise and gynecomastia (in men).

How long can you take

The duration of therapy with this drug should not exceed the period specified in the official instructions. The need to increase the duration of treatment is determined by the attending physician.

Continuous use of the substance should not exceed 2 consecutive months. Otherwise, the risk of developing negative consequences increases.

Analogues

If it is impossible to use this medication, it is recommended to use its analogues. Among drugs with a similar principle of action, there are:

• Helicide;
• Zhelkizol;
• pectinum;
• Promez;
• Epicurus;
• Zolispan;
• Sanpraz;
• Controloc.

If we talk about which is better, omez or omeprazole, then these medicines are absolute analogues. Each action associated with the replacement of the drug or the change in dosage must be discussed with the doctor.

About the possibility of using this substance, and how to take omeprazole, it is recommended to consult with your doctor. While taking this drug, it is necessary to pay attention to dietary recommendations and lifestyle.

If side symptoms occur, it is necessary to stop taking the drug, and consult a medical specialist for advice on how to drink omeprazole. With a long course of peptic ulcer, patients require several stages of drug therapy with omeprazole.

Today we learned from the doctor's lips about what omeprazole is prescribed for. If the article was useful to you, press the buttons of social networks, share with your friends. I wish you good health and good mood. Sincerely, Alevtina.

Read more on the blog:

• Instructions for use Omeprazole
• Ingredients of Omeprazole
• Indications for Omeprazole
• Storage conditions of the drug Omeprazole
• Shelf life of the drug Omeprazole

ATC code: Digestive tract and metabolism (A) > Drugs used in conditions related to acid disorders (A02) > Antiulcers and drugs used in gastroesophageal reflux (A02B) > Proton pump inhibitors (A02BC) > Omeprazole (A02BC01)

Release form, composition and packaging

Capsules hard gelatinous white, cylindrical shape, with hemispherical ends.

Excipients: mannitol, sugar, calcium carbonate, lactose, disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium lauryl sulfate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, methacrylic acid L30D, propylene glycol, cetyl alcohol, sodium hydroxide, polysorbate 80, povidone S-630, titanium dioxide.

The composition of the capsule shell: gelatin, titanium dioxide, methyl parahydroxybenzoate E218, propyl parahydroxybenzoate E216.

10 pieces. - blister packs (3) - cardboard packs.

Description of the medicinal product omeprazole created in 2011 on the basis of instructions posted on the official website of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus. Date of update: 05/18/2012

pharmachologic effect

Omeprazole has antisecretory and antiulcer effects.

The mechanism of action is associated with the ability of omeprazole to block the work of the "proton" pump H + /K + -ATPase. After oral administration, the omeprazole capsule dissolves in the acidic contents of the stomach and releases pellets (microgranules). Pellets enter the duodenum, where omeprazole is isolated in an alkaline environment. After absorption, with the blood flow, omeprazole enters the gastric mucosa and in the lumen of the tubules of parietal cells, where there is an acidic environment (pH<3.0), окисляется в активную форму - сульфенамид-омепразола (SA-O). SA-0 связывает SH-группы Н + /К + -АТФазы в канальцах париетальных клеток и необратимо блокирует работу фермента. Это приводит к нарушению последней стадии процесса образования соляной кислоты желудочного сока.

Omeprazole dose-dependently reduces the level of basal (fasting) and stimulated (postprandial) secretion of gastric juice. Reduces the total volume of gastric secretion, the release of pepsin. Effectively inhibits both night and day acid production.

After a single dose of 20 mg, the effect occurs within the first hour and reaches a maximum after 2 hours. Inhibition of stimulated secretion by 50% persists for 24 hours, while the level of intragastric pH> 3.0 persists for 17 hours. A stable decrease in secretion develops to 4th day of therapy. The ability of parietal cells to produce hydrochloric acid is restored 2-3 days after stopping omeprazole.

Omeprazole is concentrated in the parietal cells of the gastric glands and has a cytoprotective effect (stimulates the secretion of mucus and bicarbonates, the reproduction of epithelial cells, prevents the back diffusion of protons from the lumen of the stomach into its mucosa).

It has a bactericidal effect on Helicobacter pylori (the value of the minimum inhibitory concentration is 25-50 μg / ml), increases the susceptibility of bacteria to antibiotics and eradication therapy. Antihelicobacter combinations of antibiotics, including omeprazole, provide eradication of bacteria in at least 85%.

In the treatment of duodenal ulcers for 4 weeks, scarring of the ulcer occurs in 93% of patients, in the treatment of gastric ulcers for 8 weeks, this figure is 96%, scarring of peptic ulcers of the esophagus is achieved in 90% of patients.

Pharmacokinetics

After oral administration, it is rapidly and almost completely absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Bioavailability is 30-40% due to the effect of "first pass" through the liver. After administration at a dose of 40 mg, Cmax in plasma is 1.26 ± 0.41 μg / ml and is reached after 1.38 ± 0.32 hours. With repeated injections, due to inhibition of one's own metabolism, the absorption of omeprazole increases, and its bioavailability increases.

In the blood, it is 95% bound to plasma proteins (albumin, acid α1-glycoprotein). V d is 0.2-0.5 l / kg.

Metabolized in the liver with the participation of cytochrome P450 CYP2D19 with the formation of 6 inactive metabolites:

• hydroxyomeprazole, sulfide and sulfonic derivatives of omeprazole. The R-enantiomer of omeprazole acts as an inhibitor of its own metabolism, reducing the activity of CYP2D19. In the European population, 3-5% of people have defective CYP2D19 genes and slowly metabolize omeprazole. In the Asian population, the proportion of slow metabolizers is 4 times higher.

It is excreted mainly by the kidneys in the form of metabolites (72-80%) and through the intestines (18-23%). The total clearance is 7.14-8.57 ml / min / kg. The elimination half-life in people with normal liver function is 0.5-1 hour, with chronic liver failure it can increase up to 3 hours. In chronic renal failure, the elimination of omeprazole decreases in proportion to the decrease in creatinine clearance.

Elderly patients may slow down the metabolism of omeprazole and increase its bioavailability.

Indications for use

• peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum (treatment and prevention of recurrence);
• eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori in infected patients with gastric and duodenal ulcers (only as part of combination therapy);
• peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum associated with the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), stress ulcers (treatment and prevention in patients at risk of their occurrence);
• reflux esophagitis;
• gastroesophageal reflux (including symptomatic);
• Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.

Children:

Children over 1 year old and weighing at least 10 kg:

• treatment of reflux esophagitis;
• symptomatic treatment of heartburn and acid regurgitation in gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Children over 4 years of age:

• duodenal ulcer caused by Helicobacter pylori (as part of complex therapy).

Dosing regimen

It is recommended to take the capsules in the morning, preferably before meals, by swallowing whole with half a glass of water, without chewing or crushing the capsule. For patients with swallowing disorders or children, you can open the capsule and take the contents, after mixing it with a small amount of non-carbonated water or a slightly acidic liquid (fruit juice, applesauce), washed down with a small amount of water. The contents of the capsule are mixed with liquid immediately before use or no more than 30 minutes before taking the drug.

Dosage in adults

Treatment of duodenal ulcer in the acute phase

The recommended dose is 20 mg/day. The course of treatment averages 2 weeks. In cases where complete scarring does not occur after the first course of taking omeprazole, a second two-week course of therapy is usually prescribed. In case of duodenal ulcer resistant to therapy, 40 mg / day is prescribed; scarring occurs within 4 weeks.

Prevention of exacerbations of duodenal ulcer

Treatment of gastric ulcer in the acute phase

The recommended dose is 20 mg/day. The course of treatment averages 4 weeks. In cases where, after the first course of taking the drug, the ulcer has not completely healed, a repeated 4-week course of treatment is usually prescribed, during which a cure is achieved. With gastric ulcer resistant to therapy, the drug is prescribed at 40 mg / day; healing usually occurs within 8 weeks.

For the prevention of exacerbations of gastric ulcer

Elimination of Helicobacter pylori in gastric ulcer

It is possible to use different treatment regimens with the choice of antibiotics for a particular patient. Selection should be made in accordance with national, regional and local resistance data and treatment guidelines.

When conducting "triple therapy":

Omeprazole 20 mg + clarithromycin 500 mg + amoxicillin 1000 mg each taken twice daily for one week, or

Omeprazole 20 mg + clarithromycin 250 mg or 500 mg + metronidazole 400 mg (or 500 mg or tinidazole 500 mg) each taken twice daily for one week, or

Omeprazole 40 mg + amoxicillin 500 mg + metronidazole 400 mg (or 500 mg or tinidazole 500 mg), each taken 3 times a day for one week.

After the elimination of Helicobacter pylori, further treatment of gastric ulcer in the acute phase should be carried out according to the standard treatment regimen. In cases where the test for Helicobacter pylori remains positive after therapy, the course of treatment can be repeated.

Treatment of NSAID-related gastric and duodenal ulcers

The recommended dose is 20 mg/day. Most patients heal within four weeks. In cases where, after the first course of treatment, the ulcer has not completely healed, a repeated 4-week course is usually prescribed.

To prevent NSAID-related gastric and duodenal ulcers in patients at risk(age over 60 years, history of stomach and duodenum, history of gastrointestinal bleeding) the recommended dose is 20 mg / day.

Treatment of reflux esophagitis

The recommended dose is 20 mg/day. Most patients heal within 4 weeks. In cases where, after the first course of treatment, the ulcer has not completely healed, a repeated 4-week course is usually prescribed. In patients with severe reflux esophagitis, a dose of 40 mg / day is recommended, the course of treatment is an average of 8 weeks.

For long-term treatment of patients with healed reflux esophagitis (in remission), 10 mg / day is prescribed as long-term maintenance therapy. If necessary, the dose can be increased to 20-40 mg.

For symptomatic treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease, the dosing regimen is set individually. Assign 10-20 mg / day. The course of treatment is 4 weeks. If after the end of therapy the symptoms do not disappear, it is recommended to change the treatment regimen.

Treatment of Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome

In Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, the dosage regimen is selected individually and treatment is continued according to clinical indications for as long as necessary. The recommended starting dose is 60 mg/day. All patients with severe disease, as well as in cases where other therapeutic methods have not led to the desired result, should be effectively monitored and more than 90% of patients are maintained on a dose of 20-120 mg / day. In cases where the daily dose of omeprazole exceeds 80 mg, the dose should be divided into two doses per day.

Dosage in children

Clinical experience with omeprazole in children is limited. . Treatment should be under the supervision of a specialist.

In case of severe reflux esophagitis resistant to other types of therapy, children over 2 years of age weighing more than 20 kg are prescribed 20 mg / day (equivalent to about 1 mg / kg / day). The duration of treatment is 4-8 weeks. Children aged 1 to 2 years are prescribed at a dose of 10 mg / day. At the same time, the contents of the capsule are poured into 50 ml of drinking water, after mixing, half of this volume of liquid is measured and given to the child to drink. The dose may be increased to 40 mg 1 time / day, if necessary.

For the treatment of duodenal ulcer caused by Helicobacter pylori, children and adolescents, the choice of treatment regimen should be made in accordance with national, regional and local guidelines regarding bacterial resistance, duration of treatment (usually 7 days, but sometimes up to 14 days) and appropriate use of antibacterial agents.

Children weighing 15-30 kg: omeprazole 10 mg + amoxicillin 25 mg/kg + clarithromycin 7.5 mg/kg body weight, each drug 2 times a day for one week.

Children weighing 31-40 kg: omeprazole 20 mg + amoxicillin 750 mg + clarithromycin 7.5 mg/kg body weight, each drug 2 times a day for one week.

Children weighing over 40 kg: omeprazole 20 mg + amoxicillin 1000 mg + clarithromycin 500 mg, each drug 2 times / day for one week.

Special populations

In patients with impaired renal function and elderly patients (over 65 years of age), dosage adjustment is not required.

In patients with impaired liver function, the dose should not exceed 10-20 mg / day.

Side effects

The most common adverse reactions (1-10% of patients) are headache, abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea, flatulence, nausea, and vomiting. In rare cases, the following, usually reversible, side effects may occur.

From the side of the digestive system: dry mouth, taste disturbance, stomatitis, transient increase in the level of "liver" enzymes in plasma; in patients with previous severe liver disease - hepatitis (including with jaundice), impaired liver function;

From the nervous system: dizziness, agitation, drowsiness, insomnia, paresthesia, depression, hallucinations;

From the musculoskeletal system: muscle weakness, myalgia, arthralgia.

From the system side hematopoiesis: leukopenia, thrombocytopenia;

From the side of the skin: itching;

Allergic reactions: urticaria, angioedema, bronchospasm, interstitial nephritis and anaphylactic shock.

Others: hypomagnesemia, visual disturbances, peripheral edema, increased sweating, fever, gynecomastia;

Contraindications for use

Hypersensitivity to omeprazole or any excipients, children under 1 year of age (body weight less than 10 kg). Omeprazole, like other proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), should not be co-administered with nelfinavir.

special instructions

Before starting the use of omeprazole, the presence of a malignant process should be excluded (especially with gastric ulcer), since treatment, masking the symptoms, may delay the correct diagnosis.

The drug contains lactose, therefore patients with congenital galactose intolerance, lactase deficiency or malabsorption of glucose-galactose should not use this drug.

There have been reports of the development of symptomatic and asymptomatic hypomagnesemia in patients taking proton pump inhibitors for at least 3 months, in most cases after 1 year of therapy. Serious side effects include tetany, arrhythmias, and seizures. Most patients required magnesium salts and discontinuation of proton pump inhibitors.

Patients in whom long-term use of proton pump inhibitors or concomitant use of digoxin, or other drugs that can cause a decrease in magnesium levels (for example, diuretics), it is necessary to determine the concentration of magnesium in the blood serum before starting the use of proton pump inhibitors and periodically during use .

Pregnancy and lactation. The results of a number of studies have demonstrated that omeprazole does not adversely affect pregnancy or the health of the fetus / newborn, so omeprazole can be used during pregnancy after a thorough analysis of the risk-benefit ratio of the drug.

Omeprazole is excreted in breast milk, however, when using the recommended therapeutic dosages, it does not adversely affect the child.

Influence on the ability to drive vehicles and control mechanisms

Reception of omeprazole does not affect the patient's ability to drive a vehicle or other operator activities.

Overdose

Omeprazole has low toxicity. When used in doses up to 270 mg / day, omeprazole did not cause the development of intoxication. In patients with severe hepatic insufficiency, when administered at extremely high doses, confusion, blurred vision, drowsiness, dry mouth, headache, nausea, tachycardia, and arrhythmias may develop.

There is no specific antidote. Assistance measures include drug withdrawal, supportive and symptomatic therapy aimed at eliminating the disorders that have arisen. Hemodialysis is not effective enough.

drug interaction

With simultaneous use with antacids, no clinically significant interactions were noted.

Slows down the absorption of drugs, which depends on the pH-ampicillin, itraconazole, ketoconazole, iron preparations.

It slows down the elimination and enhances the effect of drugs metabolized by cytochrome CYP2D19 - warfarin, diazepam, phenytoin.

Clarithromycin and omeprazole, when used together, mutually increase the concentration of each other and enhance the anti-Helicobacter pylori action.

Enhances the hematotoxic effect of chloramphenicol, thiamazole (Merkazolil), lithium preparations.

Co-administration of omeprazole and clopidogrel leads to a decrease in the therapeutic effect of clopidogrel.

The combined use of omeprazole and digoxin can lead to an increase in the bioavailability of digoxin by 10%. Cases of digitalis intoxication have been described. Caution should be exercised when co-prescribing drugs, especially in elderly patients.

The drug Omeprazole instructions for use defines it as an antiulcer agent, a hydrogen pump blocker. The drug is produced in Russia, Hungary, Israel and Ukraine. Doctors prescribe this drug for the treatment of heartburn, gastritis, peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum.

What Omeprazole helps with, the prices of tablets and capsules 10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg, injections in pharmacies, real reviews of doctors and patients, as well as analogues for replacement will be presented in the annotation.

Forms of release and composition

Omeprazole is produced by various manufacturers (Teva, Stada (Stada), Gedeon Richter, Zentiva, Lekpharm, ProMed, Farmex, Vokate, Darnitsa, KMP, Akrikhin, Health, Ozone, Farmak, Astrapharm) in the following forms:

• Transparent capsules filled with white granules. The package contains official instructions, as well as a different number of capsules for internal use - 10, 30, 60, 100 or 120.
• Powders for dilution and production of sterile solutions for injections. Each original package contains 1 bottle and instructions for use in Russian.

The main component that is part of the medical product is the chemical compound Omeprazole (with the international name Omeprazole). One dose may contain a different amount of active active substances, depending on the form of release:

• 10, 20 or 40 mg capsules;
• 40 mg powder for injection.

Indications for use

What do omeprazole capsules help with? The medicine is prescribed for the following diseases:

• Zolinger-Elinson syndrome;
• NSAID-gastropathy (ulcerative process, which is a consequence of the potentiated intake of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs);
• Systemic mastocytosis;
• Stress ulcers of the digestive tract;
• Erosive and ulcerative esophagitis;
• Ulcer of the stomach and 12 duodenal ulcer;
• Polyendocrine adenomatosis;
• Recurrent peptic ulcers of the stomach and intestines.

Instructions for use of Omeprazole: dosages and rules of administration

Omeprazole is taken orally with a small amount of water. The capsule cannot be chewed. Simultaneous intake with food does not affect the effectiveness of the drug.

• Destruction of Helicobacter pylori (eradication of Helicobacter pylori): daily dose - 40 mg (in 2 doses), course duration - 7 days in combination with antibacterial drugs;
• Pancreatic adenoma ulcerogenic: the dose is selected based on the initial level of gastric secretion; the average initial daily dose is 60 mg, later it is increased to 80-120 mg (in 2 divided doses);
• Lesions of the gastrointestinal tract of an erosive and ulcerative nature associated with the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: daily dose - 20 mg, course duration - 1-2 months;
• Reflux esophagitis (with anti-relapse purpose): daily dose - 20 mg, course duration - up to six months;
• Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum (for anti-relapse purposes): daily dose - 20 mg;
• Erosive and ulcerative esophagitis and exacerbation of gastric ulcer: daily dose - 20-40 mg, course duration - 1-2 months;
• Exacerbation of duodenal ulcer: daily dose - 20 mg (if necessary, in resistant cases - up to 40 mg), course duration - 14-28 days;

Methods of application of injection forms

The drug is administered intravenously by performing slow infusions. The contents of the vial should be shaken beforehand and diluted first in 5 ml, then in 100 ml of Na chloride (0.9%) or Glucose (5%).

The recommended dosage for one administration per day is 40 mg of Omeprazole (1 vial). In some pathologies, a large dose is required, which can be 60-80 mg per day. In such cases, 2 infusions are recommended. The duration of therapy is determined by the doctor.

How to drink the drug: before or after meals

Omeprazole, which has other names (omez, ultop, gastrosol), is a capsule in a soluble shell. They must be swallowed whole, without chewing, so it is allowed to drink the medicine with a sufficient amount of liquid.

Omeprazole: what treats, how long to take? Before or after a meal?

According to the manufacturer's instructions - this should be done before meals, preferably half an hour. Regardless of the reason for missing the next dose of the medicine, it is strongly not recommended to double the next dose taken.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics

Omeprazole is an antiulcer drug, an inhibitor of the enzyme H+/K+-adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-phase.

The active component of the drug is a specific proton pump inhibitor that inhibits the activity of H, K and ATPase ions in the parietal cells of the stomach. This substance reduces the production of hydrochloric acid, blocking the final stage of its secretion, regardless of the nature of the stimulating factor. Inhibition of maximum acid secretion by 50% continues throughout the day.

Side effects

Side effects of the drug appear as:

• Digestive system disorders (abdominal pain, stool disorders, nausea, vomiting, increased activity of liver enzymes, flatulence, taste disturbance, stomatitis, dry mouth, liver dysfunction, patients with previous severe liver pathology may develop hepatitis).
• Skin disorders (photosensitivity, skin rashes, pruritus, alopecia, erythema multiforme exudative).
• Hypersensitivity reactions: bronchospasm, fever, angioedema, urticaria, anaphylactic shock, interstitial nephritis.
• Gynecomastia, general malaise, peripheral edema, visual impairment, hyperhidrosis, the formation of benign glandular (glandular) cysts in the stomach (the pathology develops with prolonged use of the drug as a result of suppression of HCl secretion and is reversible).
• Violations of the function of the hematopoietic organs, the symptoms of which are leuko-, pancyto-, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis.
• Violations of the function of the musculoskeletal system (myalgia, arthralgia, myasthenia gravis).
• Dysfunction of the NS: in patients with concomitant severe somatic pathologies, dizziness, headaches, depression or agitation are possible; in patients with previous severe liver disease - encephalopathy.

Contraindications

According to the annotation to Omeprazole, the use of the drug is contraindicated in:

• pregnancy;
• Hypersensitivity to the ingredients of the drug;
• The period of breastfeeding.

The intravenous form of the drug is not prescribed for children under 18 years old, capsules up to 2 years old, and children weighing up to 20 kg. It is not recommended to treat PUD caused by Helicobacter pylori in children under 4 years of age. It should not be taken if you are allergic to the components of the drug or in case of its acute intolerance.

Children, during pregnancy and lactation

Omeprazole is prescribed during pregnancy in case of urgent need, taking into account the excess of benefits and effectiveness over the likely risks. There are no research results that indicate a negative effect of the drug on the body of the expectant mother and fetus.

Omeprazole has the ability to penetrate into breast milk. There are no accurate data on the safety of the drug when breastfeeding (HB) a child during lactation in the mother.

For kids

Capsules in pediatrics are prescribed for children over 5 years old with a weight of at least 20 kg.

The standard dose for a child is 20 mg / day. If necessary, it can be doubled. Treatment, depending on the diagnosis, lasts from 2 to 8 weeks.

H. pylori eradication therapy in children over 5 years of age should be carried out with extreme caution and under constant medical supervision. The course of treatment is 1 week, if necessary - 2 weeks.

If the weight of the child is from 30 to 40 kg, he is given Omeprazole (0.02 g), (0.75 g) and Clarithromycin (7.5 mg / kg) twice a day. If the child's weight is more than 40 kg, a single dose of Amoxicillin is 1 g, Clarithromycin is 0.5 g. The treatment regimen is the same.

Experience with the use of omeprazole for intravenous administration in pediatrics is limited.

Drug Interactions

Omeprazole is able to enhance the inhibitory effect of drugs that affect the hematopoietic system.

Increases concentration and reduces the excretion of indirect anticoagulants, diazepam and phenytoin.

Omeprazole is able to reduce the absorption of ketoconazole and itraconazole, iron salts and ampicillin.

Does not interact with amoxicillin, metronidazole, diclofenac, theophylline, lidocaine, cyclosporine, estradiol, caffeine, propranol, quinidine and concomitantly used antacids.

Application features

Before carrying out therapy with the use of omeprazole, it is necessary to exclude the presence of malignant processes in the patient, since the drug can mask the symptoms of oncological diseases, thereby preventing the diagnosis.

Dose adjustment is not required for elderly patients or those who suffer from impaired renal function.

For patients with severe liver damage, the drug is prescribed per day at a dosage of not more than 20 mg.

Prices in pharmacies

For reference: the average price of Omeprazole in Moscow:

• capsules 20 mg No. 14 cost from 22 rubles;
• 40 mg No. 28 - from 153 rubles;
• powder 40 mg No. 1 - from 182 rubles. for domestic and from 556 rubles. - foreign.

Vacation and storage conditions

The drug belongs to group B, it must be stored in places inaccessible to the child, no more than 3 years from the date of issue. The storage location must be protected from direct sunlight. The maximum temperature at which Omeprazole retains therapeutic qualities is + 25 ° C. Released by prescription.

Similar funds

Complete analogues of Omeprazole:

1. Gastrozole;
2. Demeprazole;
3. Zhelkizol;
4. Zerocide;
5. Zolsser;
6. Vero-omeprazole;
7. Crismel;
8. Losek;
9. Losek Maps;
10. Omez Insta;
11. Omezol;
12. Omecaps;
13. Omeprus;
14. Omephez;
15. Omizak;
16. Omipiks;
17. Omitox;

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H + -K + -ATPase inhibitor. Antiulcer drug

Active substance

Omeprazole (omeprazole)

Release form, composition and packaging

Capsules gelatinous, with a white body and a yellow lid; the contents of the capsules are spherical microgranules, coated, white or white with a creamy tint.

10 pieces. - cellular contour packings (3) - packs of cardboard.

pharmachologic effect

Omeprazole is an antiulcer drug, an inhibitor of the enzyme H + /K + -adenosine triphosphate (ATP) -phase. Inhibits the activity of H + / K + - adenosine triphosphate (ATP-phase (H + / K + -adenosine triphosphate (ATP) -phase, it is also a "proton pump" or "proton pump") in the parietal cells of the stomach, thereby blocking the transfer of ions hydrogen and the final stage of the synthesis of hydrochloric acid in the stomach.Omeprazole is a prodrug.In the acidic environment of the tubules of parietal cells, omeprazole is converted to the active metabolite sulfenamide, which inhibits the membrane H + / K + - adenosine triphosphate (ATP) -phase, connecting to it due to the disulfide bridge This explains the high selectivity of the action of omeprazole specifically on parietal cells, where there is a medium for the formation of sulfenamide.Biotransformation of omeprazole into sulfenamide occurs quickly (after 2-4 minutes).Sulfenamide is a cation and is not absorbed.

Omeprazole suppresses basal and stimulated by any stimulus secretion of hydrochloric acid at the final stage. Reduces the total volume of gastric secretion and inhibits the release of pepsin. Omeprazole has a gastroprotective activity, the mechanism of which is not clear. It does not affect the production of the internal factor of Castle and the rate of transition of the food mass from the stomach to the duodenum. Omeprazole does not act on acetylcholine and histamine receptors.

Omeprazole capsules contain coated microgranules, gradual release and onset of action of omeprazole begins 1 hour after ingestion, reaches a maximum after 2 hours, persists for 24 hours or more. Inhibition of 50% of maximum secretion after a single dose of 20 mg of the drug lasts 24 hours.

A single dose per day provides a rapid and effective inhibition of day and night gastric secretion, reaching its maximum after 4 days of treatment. In patients with duodenal ulcer, taking 20 mg of omeprazole maintains pH=3 inside the stomach for 17 hours. After stopping the drug, secretory activity is completely restored after 3-5 days.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption is high. Bioavailability of 30-40% (with liver failure increases to almost 100%), increases in the elderly and in patients with impaired liver function, renal failure has no effect. TC max - 0.5-3.5 hours.

Possessing high lipophilicity, it easily penetrates into the parietal cells of the stomach. Communication with proteins - 90-95% (albumin and acid alpha 1-glycoprotein).

T 1/2 - 0.5-1 h (with liver failure - 3 h), clearance - 500-600 ml / min. Almost completely metabolized in the liver with the participation of the CYP2C19 enzyme system, with the formation of 6 pharmacologically inactive metabolites (hydroxyomeprazole, sulfide and sulfonic derivatives, etc.). It is an inhibitor of the CYP2C19 isoenzyme. Excretion by the kidneys (70-80%) and bile (20-30%) as metabolites.

In chronic renal failure, excretion decreases in proportion to the decrease in creatine clearance. In elderly patients, excretion is reduced.

Indications

- peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum (in the acute phase and anti-relapse treatment), incl. associated with Helicobacter pylori (as part of combination therapy);

- reflux esophagitis (including erosive).

- hypersecretory conditions (Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, stress ulcers of the gastrointestinal tract, polyendocrine adenomatosis, systemic mastocytosis);

- gastropathy caused by taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Contraindications

- childhood;

- pregnancy;

- lactation period;

- hypersensitivity.

FROM caution: renal and / or liver failure.

Dosage

Inside, capsules are usually taken in the morning, without chewing, with a small amount of water (just before meals).

At exacerbation of peptic ulcer, reflux esophagitis and gastropathy caused by NSAIDs- 20 mg 1 time per day. For patients with severe reflux esophagitis, the dose is increased to 40 mg 1 time per day. The course of treatment for duodenal ulcer - 2-4 weeks, if necessary - 4-5 weeks; with gastric ulcer, with reflux esophagitis, with erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract caused by taking NSAIDs - within 4-8 weeks.

Reducing the symptoms of the disease and scarring of the ulcer in most cases occurs within 2 weeks. Patients who do not have complete scarring of the ulcer after a two-week course should continue treatment for another 2 weeks.

Patients resistant to treatment with other antiulcer drugs are prescribed 40 mg per day. The course of treatment for duodenal ulcer - 4 weeks, for gastric ulcer and reflux esophagitis - 8 weeks.

At Zollinger-Elisson syndrome- usually 60 mg once a day; if necessary, the dose is increased to 80-120 mg / day (the dose is divided into 2 doses).

For prevention of recurrence of peptic ulcer- 10 mg 1 time per day.

For eradication of Helicobacter pylori use "triple" therapy (for 1 week: omeprazole 20 mg, 1 g, clarithromycin 500 mg - 2 times a day; or omeprazole 20 mg, clarithromycin 250 mg, metronidazole 400 mg - 2 times a day; or omeprazole 40 mg 1 time per day, amoxicillin 500 mg and 400 mg - 3 times a day)
or "double" therapy (for 2 weeks: omeprazole 20-40 mg and amoxicillin 750 mg - 2 times a day or omeprazole 40 mg - 1 time per day and 500 mg - 3 times a day or amoxicillin 0.75-1.5 g - 2 times a day).

At liver failure appoint 10-20 mg 1 time per day (with severe liver failure, the daily dose should not exceed 20 mg); at kidney dysfunction and at elderly patients correction of the dosing regimen is not required.

Side effects

From the side of the digestive system: diarrhea or constipation, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, flatulence; in rare cases - increased activity of liver enzymes, taste disturbances, in some cases - dry mouth, stomatitis, in patients with previous severe liver disease - hepatitis (including jaundice), impaired liver function.

From the nervous system: in patients with severe concomitant somatic diseases - headache, dizziness, agitation, depression, in patients with previous severe liver disease - encephalopathy.

From the musculoskeletal system: in some cases - arthralgia, myasthenia gravis, myalgia.

From the hematopoietic system: in some cases - leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, pancytopenia.

From the side of the skin: rarely - skin rash and / or itching, in some cases, photosensitivity, erythema multiforme exudative, alopecia.

Allergic reactions: urticaria, angioedema, fever, bronchospasm, interstitial nephritis and anaphylactic shock.

Others: rarely - visual disturbances, malaise, peripheral edema, increased sweating, gynecomastia, the formation of gastric glandular cysts during long-term treatment (a consequence of inhibition of hydrochloric acid secretion, is benign, reversible).

Overdose

Symptoms: confusion, blurred vision, drowsiness, dry mouth, nausea, tachycardia, arrhythmia, headache.

Treatment: symptomatic. Hemodialysis is not effective enough. There is no specific antidote.

drug interaction

May reduce the absorption of esters, iron salts, itraconazole and ketoconazole (omeprazole increases the pH of the stomach).

Being inhibitors of cytochrome P450, it can increase the concentration and reduce the excretion of diazepam, indirect action, phenytoin (drugs that are metabolized in the liver through cytochrome CYP2C19), which in some cases may require a reduction in the doses of these drugs. May increase plasma concentrations of clarithromycin.

What is Omeprazole used for? You will find the answer to this question a little further. In addition, you will learn about the composition of the presented medication, how it should be taken and in what doses.

General information about the medicinal product

What is the drug "Omeprazole", what is it prescribed for and in what form does it go on sale? Such a drug is a synthetic antiulcer drug that reduces the secretion of the stomach glands.

Release form and composition of the product

This medication is sold in the form of capsules. They contain such an active ingredient as omeprazole, in an amount of 20 mg. All capsules are placed in a blister of 7 or 10 pieces. One carton may contain 1, 2, 3 or 4 blisters.

Pharmacological action of the drug

The drug "Omeprazole" reduces the secretion of the glands of the stomach. It is a prodrug and acts regardless of the type of irritant. According to patients, this remedy is able to have an antisecretory effect during the first 2 hours after administration. In people with duodenal ulcer or gastric ulcer, each time it decreases by 80% within 24 hours.

Medication "Omeprazole" from what is prescribed? Indications for use

As you know, this drug is very often included in the combined therapy of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, and more precisely for the treatment of:

• ulcers and erosion of the stomach and duodenum, as well as for the prevention of their recurrence;
• NSAID-induced gastropathy;
• reflux esophagitis;
• hypersecretory conditions (for example, polyendocrine adenomatosis, systemic mastocytosis, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, stress ulcers of the gastrointestinal tract).

What else are Omeprazole capsules prescribed for? As part of complex therapy, this drug, as well as its analogues, is used to destroy Helicobacter pylori in duodenal ulcer and stomach ulcers. Among other things, such a drug is used during general anesthesia to prevent aspiration of the acidic contents of the main digestive organ into the respiratory tract.

Contraindications to the use of the drug

Now you know what Omeprazole is taken from. But before using this medication, you should definitely consult a doctor. After all, such a drug has its own contraindications. So, the drug "Omeprazole" is undesirable to take during lactation, in childhood, as well as with increased sensitivity to its excipients or active substances.

Take with extreme caution

Tablets from the stomach "Omeprazole" should be taken with extreme caution and only under the supervision of an experienced specialist during childbearing, as well as in case of renal and hepatic insufficiency.

Methods of application and dosage of the drug

It is advisable to take the medication "Omeprazole" in the first half of the day. It is best to do this in the morning, regardless of the meal. The dosage of this drug is prescribed only by a doctor based on the diagnosis:

• With a duodenal ulcer, it is recommended to take 1 capsule 1 time per day. It should be especially noted that the decrease in the severity of the signs of the disease occurs quite quickly. In most patients, ulcer scarring occurs within the first 2 weeks of therapy. For those who have not been helped by such treatment, it is advisable to extend it for another 14 days.
• With a duodenal ulcer that is resistant to therapy, this medication is prescribed 2 capsules once a day. In this case, scarring occurs within 4 weeks.

• With a stomach ulcer, 20 mg of the drug should be taken once a day. The decrease in the severity of the symptoms of the disease occurs, as a rule, rather quickly. In most patients, ulcer scarring occurs within the first 4 weeks of therapy. If such a course of treatment has not brought results, it is advisable to continue it for another 28 days.
• With a stomach ulcer that is resistant to therapy, such a drug is prescribed 40 mg once a day. Scarring of ulcers occurs within 8 weeks.
• With reflux esophagitis, doctors usually prescribe such a drug in the amount of 1 capsule once a day. Reducing the severity of symptoms of the disease occurs fairly quickly. In most people, a positive result of therapy is observed within the first 4 weeks, and in a smaller number of patients - after about 8 weeks. Patients with a severe course of a disease such as reflux esophagitis, as well as for heartburn, Omeprazole is prescribed in an amount of 40 mg once a day.
• When caused by Helicobacter pylori, this medication is prescribed 2 capsules twice a day for 7 days in combination with antibacterial drugs.
• The drug "Omeprazole" from gastritis and with erosive lesions of the gastric mucosa should be taken 20 mg once a day for 4-7 weeks.

Side effects of the drug

The most common disorders of the gastrointestinal tract that are observed after taking the drug "Omeprazole" include the following:

• constipation or diarrhea;
• dryness of the oral mucosa;
• flatulence;
• nausea;
• stomach ache;
• taste disorder;
• disruption of the liver;
• stomatitis;
• vomit;
• hepatitis that develops with previous liver disease.

Among other things, the uncontrolled drug "Omeprazole" can cause other side effects:

• thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, leukopenia, pancytopenia, encephalopathy;
• arthralgia, myalgia, myasthenia gravis;
• increased sweating;
• gynecomastia;
• visual impairment;
• interstitial nephritis, fever, anaphylactic shock, urticaria and angioedema;
• photosensitivity, exudative erythema multiforme, skin rash, itching and alopecia;
• general malaise.

If the drug "Omeprazole" is taken in cases where the underlying disease of the gastrointestinal tract is accompanied by severe somatic abnormalities, the patient may develop severe headaches, dizziness, depression and excessive agitation.

Overdose

It is not recommended to take this drug more than the prescribed dose to avoid overdose. Indeed, in this case, the patient can observe a strong development of drowsiness, arrhythmia, confusion, blurred visual perception, severe headaches, nausea, dryness of the oral mucosa and tachycardia.

Drug analogues

Today, there are quite a few analogues of the drug "Omeprazole". Among them, the following funds can be noted: "Omeprazole Sandoz", "Romesec", "Omecaps", "Promez", "Omeprus", "Omeprazole-Akri", "Omeprazole-Akos", "Omefez", "Omitoks", "Ocid ”, “Sopral”, “Omizak”, “Omeprazole-N.S”, “Ultop”, “Omeprazole-Richter”, “Helicid”, “Omipiks”, “Omeprazole-FPO”, “Ulkozol”, “Pleom-20 "," Cisagast "and" Omeprazole-Stada. What are these funds for? All these medicines are indicated for gastric juice. Take them for the treatment of the digestive tract should only be prescribed by a doctor.

The price of the drug

The drug "Omeprazole" is a cheap drug. So, for 20 capsules of the drug you will have to pay only 20-35 Russian rubles.

Storage conditions

This drug should be stored at room temperature. It is not recommended to use Omeprazole after the expiration date (24 months).