Astronomical observations February. Astronomical calendar. Observations of the Moon and planets

The astronomical calendar for November 2017 is no less eventful than the October one. On the eve of winter, many new constellations and objects for observation appear.

The astronomical calendar for November 2017 is no less eventful than the October one. On the eve of winter, many new constellations and objects for observation appear. For example, it will already be possible to consider in all its glory, and there is to observe.

In addition, November will be rich in all kinds of rocket launches, and some of them can be watched live.

In November, there are a lot of dates associated with various important events or people. So, on November 5, the Moscow Planetarium celebrates its 88th anniversary.

Many famous people were born in November - Edmund Halley, William Herschel, Carl Sagan, Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov, Edwin Hubble, Anders Celsius.

On November 3, 1957, 60 years ago, the Sputnik-2 spacecraft was in orbit with the first warm-blooded creature on board - it was the dog Laika. From this date, the era of crewed space flights began.

In November, the world's first stations to Venus and Mars were launched, which successfully achieved their goal - these were the Soviet Mars-1 vehicles, launched on November 1, 1962, and Venera-3, launched on November 16, 1965. Venera-3 is generally the first spacecraft in history to touch the surface of another planet.

On November 10, 1970, the famous Lunokhod-1 began its work. It is also World Science Day and World Youth Day.

On November 24, 1971, the Soviet automatic station Mars-2 touched the surface of Mars for the first time in history.

On November 12, 2014, the first soft landing of the Fila module on a comet was made for the first time - it was a sensational expedition to comet 67P / Churyumov-Gerasimenko.

Main events

The time indicated is Moscow, which differs from the world by 3 hours (UT+3).

November 6- Moon occultation of the Hyades and Aldebaran clusters in . It will be possible to observe in the European part of Russia at 06.10.

November 8 is the birthday of Edmund Halley, who was born in 1656. 361 years from this date. Halley predicted the time of the reappearance of the comet, which later received his name. This was the first proof of Newton's theory of gravity.

11th of November- on this day, only in 1572, Tycho Brahe discovered a supernova explosion in the constellation Cassiopeia. 445 years have passed.

starry sky in november

In November, the starry sky is very beautiful. The bad weather that interfered with observations in September and October is no longer there. Frosty nights and a transparent atmosphere allow you to admire almost all winter constellations during the night.

In the east, the constellation Leo appears, with its bright star Regulus. The Big Dipper begins its journey higher and higher. And in the northwest, the constellations Lyra and Cygnus lean towards the horizon.

In the southern part, Perseus is almost at its zenith, slightly lower, but also high -. In the southwest - Pegasus and Andromeda, also high above the horizon, and near it - Whale. In the southeast - Gemini and Canis Minor, below you can already observe the constellation and bright Sirius. And, of course, it rises quite high, in which there are a lot of curious objects, ranging from the red giant Betelgeuse to numerous beautiful nebulae.

moon in november

The moon in November can be observed at such a time:

• November 1 - 8 - at night.
• November 9 - 11 - after midnight.
• November 12 - 17 - in the morning.
• November 21 - 28 - in the evening.
• November 29 - 30 - at night.

planets

Different planets in November 2017 can be observed at different times.

• Saturn is in the constellation Ophiuchus.
• Neptune in the constellation Aquarius.

• Uranus in the constellation Pisces.

• Venus until November 13 in the constellation Virgo, then move into Libra.
• Mars is in the constellation Virgo.
• Jupiter - from November 12, it can be observed in the morning, before sunrise.

meteor showers

The Leonids meteor shower can be observed from 9 to 22 November. Its radiant is located in the constellation Leo, and it is generated by the remnants of comet 55P / Tempel-Tuttle. Feature - fast white meteors. The intensity of this flow varies every year. November 17 will be the maximum with an estimated intensity of 20 meteors per hour.

Of course, these are not all the events of the astronomical calendar for November 2017, but only the main ones that can be observed on the territory of Russia with the naked eye. Some events are omitted - for example, Neptune will be occulted by the Moon on November 27, but this event can only be observed in Antarctica, so it is not mentioned here.

Astronomical calendar 2018: equinox, solstice, important dates, lunar and solar eclipses, meteor showers, comets, asteroids, planets.

Dear astronomy lovers! Astronomical calendar for 2018- a monthly periodical for connoisseurs of the starry sky. It provides detailed information on planets, comets, asteroids, variable stars and astronomical events each month. This calendar makes space as accessible as possible. View dates and events so you don't miss out on anything of interest this year.

Astronomical events in 2018

• The vernal equinox– March 20 at 21:14 (day equals night)
• Summer Solstice - June 21 at 3:06 pm (longest day of the year)
• Autumn equinox - September 23 at 06:53 (day equals night)
• Winter Solstice - December 22 at 03:22 (the shortest day of the year)
• Earth at perihelion (minimum distance to the Sun - 147,097,328 km) - January 3 at 10:07
• Earth at aphelion (maximum distance from the Sun - 152,092,472 km) - July 6 at 23:44

Important dates of the astronomical calendar 2018

• March 18 - International Day of Planetariums
• April 12 - International Day of Human Space Flight
• April 21 - International Astronomy Day
• April 22 - International Earth Day
• May 3 - International Day of the Sun
• October 4-10 - World Space Week

Moon eclipse- an event when the Moon plunges into the region of the shadow cast by the Earth. Objects in space move, so the displacement of the shadow across the lunar surface creates the phases of the moon during an eclipse. Thus, a total or partial lunar eclipse can be observed. Sometimes there is a penumbral lunar eclipse (partial overlapping of sunlight by the Earth).

Solar eclipse- a phenomenon in astronomy, when the moon overlaps the sun for an earthly observer. This event occurs only in the phase of the New Moon, when the side of the Moon turned towards us is not illuminated. There are also phases of an eclipse: total or partial. In the first version, it will be possible to observe the features of the solar corona (reminiscent of a ring).

Recall that solar and lunar eclipses are considered the most accessible astronomical events for observation. The main thing is not to forget the rules of how to observe eclipses.

January 31 We have a total lunar eclipse. At 16:50 (Ufa time) the earth satellite will start entering the planet's shadow (the start for a partial eclipse). At 17:52 the satellite will completely enter the shadow (total eclipse), and at 18:30 it will be time for the middle of the eclipse. At 19:18 the Moon will begin to exit the shadow (completion of the total eclipse), and at 20:11 the luminary will completely leave the shadow (completion of the eclipse).

February 15-16- We will not be able to observe a partial solar eclipse. The start falls on February 15 at 23:54 (Ufa time), the middle is on February 16 at 01:50. The eclipse will end at 03:46. The event can be observed from Antarctica and the southern part of South America. The maximum eclipse phase (0.6) will be available for the Indian Ocean near the Antarctic coast.

July 13- a partial solar eclipse inaccessible to us. The start is at 06:47 (Ufa time), the middle is 08:00, and the end is 09:12.

July 27/28- a total lunar eclipse that we have observed. The Moon will begin entering the planet's shadow on July 27 at 23:24 (beginning of a partial eclipse). On July 28 at 00:29 the luminary will be completely in the shadow (the beginning of the total eclipse), at 01:21 - the middle of the eclipse, at 02:12 it will begin to leave the shadow (the end of the total eclipse), and at 03:18 the satellite will finally leave the shadow ( end of eclipse).

11th August- a partial solar eclipse that we observe. The start is at 14:27 (Ufa time), the middle is 15:00, and the end is 15:33. The Moon will block in Ufa 0.1226 part of the Sun's disk.

meteor shower(starfall and star rain) - a group of meteors burning in the sky when meteor bodies fall through the Earth's atmosphere. The table below will show when to expect the arrival of the Orionids, Perseids, Leonids, Draconids, etc. meteor showers. The main thing to remember is how to observe meteor showers without missing the peak of activity.

Asteroids in 2018

Asteroid- a small space object of the solar system, orbiting around the sun. Significantly smaller in size and mass than ordinary planets. Although many may have satellites.

Your attention is presented to the table of visibility of bright asteroids for the year. With its help, it will be possible to study in detail the objects that can be considered in a particular month. The information is aimed at amateur astronomers using small instruments (the brightness of all asteroids is greater than magnitude 10). Study the calendar carefully so as not to miss the dates when a particular asteroid will approach the Earth.

Explanation of the meanings (information and abbreviations) of all values ​​in the table can be clarified in the legend below:

All derived numerical information and visibility conditions are provided for 56 degrees north latitude.

Comets in 2018

Comet is a small cosmic body that rotates in an extremely elongated orbit around the Sun in the solar system. When approaching a star, it forms a coma and a tail (created by gas and dust). The most famous representative is Halley's Comet. Below are maps of space, where you can see the routes of the passage of some comets in the sky.

Let's take a look at the comet events for this year. The table lists all cometary objects that, at their peak brightness, will exceed the mark of 14 magnitudes. Therefore, they can be observed by amateur astronomers.

Objects are listed in order of passing the perihelion mark. Plate meanings: Tperig.- point of passage of perihelion (in Moscow), q is the perihelion distance in astronomical units, P is the rotation period in years for the type of comet with a short period, Mmax- the highest brightness in this appearance and the current indicator.

All comets brighter than magnitude 14 that will be observed in 2018:

Details on the visibility of comets from the list:

• 185P/Petru– belongs to the periodic type and was observed in the fourth arrival. First seen in 2001. In 2018, with maximum brilliance, it appeared in the first days of February. At that time, its magnitude reached 11.5. It could be followed in the evening hours at a low altitude in the west. It moves along Capricorn, Aquarius, Pisces, Whale, again Pisces and Whale.
• C/2015 O1 (PANSTARRS) is a comet seen at the end of July 2015 by the PANSTARRS sky survey program. The brightness maximum (12.5) occurred at the end of March. She could be followed all night high above the horizon. In the morning she got close to the zenith. Moved along Hercules, Bootes and Ursa Major.
• C/2017 T1 (Heinze)– the maximum brightness of the comet occurred in January 2018 at a magnitude of 9.3. From December 2017 to March 2018, it was possible to follow it from mid-latitudes. Moved along Cancer, Lynx, Giraffe, Cassiopeia, Andromeda, Lizard, Pegasus and Aquarius. Visibility opened all night at the very beginning of the year, but already in February it could be observed in the morning and evening. In the last days of February - in the morning.

Route C/2017 T1 (Heinze) during visibility into small instruments:

169P/NEAT- belongs to the periodic type and visited us for the seventh time (twice before the discovery). The maximum brightness in 2018 (12.5) will fall at the end of April. However, it will disappear from view, as it will come too close to the Sun and will be blocked by its glow.

37P/Forbes- arrives to us for the 12th time and should return to the point of perihelion in 2018. It is important to note that arrivals in 1935, 1955 and 1967 were not tracked. Now its maximum brightness should reach 13.5. At a peak in mid-latitudes, it will be difficult to see the object. Search should be low above the horizon line. Choose the morning time and study the eastern side of the sky. Will move along Aquarius and Pisces.

C/2016 R2 (PANSTARRS)– presented a maximum brightness (11.3) in the first days of January 2018. She could be followed all night, except for the mark before dawn. Shown high above the horizon. Moved along Orion, Taurus and Perseus. Comet route C/2016 R2 (PANSTARRS):

66P/Du Toit- flies to us for the fourth time (in 1959 and 1988 they missed). The analysis shows that the maximum of the value (12) will fall in the second half of May. At that time, the comet would be unobservable at mid-latitudes in the northern hemisphere. Moves on Crane, Southern Fish and Sculptor.

364P/PANSTARRS- first seen in 2013 and flies to us for the second time. At maximum brightness, it will be possible to follow it in our latitudes. The analysis shows that the value of 10.7 will fall in mid-July. At that moment, it will move along Hydra, Unicorn, Korma, Canis Major, Dove and Cutter.

At C/2016 N6 (PANSTARRS) In 2018, two points of maximum brilliance will fall - April and November-December. In April, the value will reach 11.5, and the object can be observed all night. Look above the horizon in circumpolar sky regions. Moves along Ursa Major and Giraffe. The second peak will be slightly weaker and it will be much more difficult to notice it. It is better to focus on the second part of the night, look not too high above the horizon (south side of the sky). Moves around Hydra, Korma and Canis Major.

C/2017 T3 (ATLAS)– the maximum is expected at 10 (second half of July). However, in our latitudes, amateur astronomers will not be able to admire it. Moves on Taurus, Orion, Unicorn, Canis Major, Korma, Compass, Pump and Hydra.

C/2016 M1 (PANSTARRS)– the expected magnitude peak should get to 8.8 in the last days of June or the first of July. Small instruments at our latitudes will be able to track an object down to magnitude 9.0 (late March to early June). Search in the morning hours not too high above the horizon (southeast). Will move along the Eagle and Sagittarius. Route C/2016 M1 (PANSTARRS):

48P/Johnson– flies to us for the 11th time. The peak of magnitude (11.5) should fall in August, but during this period its visibility for mid-latitudes will not be the best. You can watch almost all night, but not in the evening. Search should be low in the southern celestial part. Moves in Aquarius and Southern Pisces.

Maximum Shine C/2017 S3 (PANSTARRS) will be in mid-August (4). Amateur astronomers will be able to observe it in the middle latitudes of the northern hemisphere from July to the first days of August. Will be visible all night in the northern part of the sky, not too high above the horizon. For that period, the value will alternate between 12-6.0. The peak will not be open to our visibility. Her route runs through Giraffe, Charioteer and Gemini.

21P/Giacobini-Zinner- opened in 1900 and observed for the 16th time. Arrivals in 1907, 1920 and 1953 missed. Analysis shows that its value may approach 7.1 in the first days of September. From the northern latitudes, it can be followed from June to November. Search high above the horizon all night (from October - in the morning). Route 21P/Giacobini-Zinner:

It will move along Cygnus, Cepheus, Cassiopeia, Giraffe, Perseus, Charioteer, Gemini, Orion, Unicorn, Canis Major and Korma.

64P/Swift-Gerels- periodic type, which in 2018 can reach a value of 10 (end of October - the first days of November). Arrives to us for the seventh time, but arrival from 1899-1963. missed. Peak brightness can be tracked all night high above the horizon. By midnight it will rise to the near-zenith sky. Moves along Andromeda and Triangulum.

38P/Stefana-Oterma- opened in 1867 and flies to us for the fourth time. The arrival in 1904 was missed. The analysis shows that the maximum value in the last days of November can reach 9.1. In September-December (2018) and January (2019), amateur astronomers will be able to track it in the second half of the night, and then throughout the night. Look high above the horizon line. Passes through Orion, Gemini, Cancer and Lynx.

46P/Wirtanen- a periodic type approaching us for the 12th time (missed in 1980). In mid-December, the peak can exceed magnitude 4. Amateur astronomers from mid-latitudes in the northern hemisphere will be able to follow from September (2018) to March (2019). Until November it is visible in the morning, then - in the evening, from the December period - all night. It is shown above the horizon line and will rise every day. Route 46P/Wirtanen:

It will pass through the Whale, the Furnace, again the Whale, Eridanus, Whale, Taurus, Perseus, Charioteer, Lynx, Ursa Major and Lesser Lion.

Planets in 2018

In 2018, wonderful visibility opens up on the planets of the solar system. Find out when and how to observe Mars, Venus, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. Study the dates of their approach to the Earth and the features of their orbit around the Sun.

elongations Mercury reached 4 morning (in January, April, August and December) and 3 evening (in March, July and November). Its removal from the Sun will not exceed 27 degrees.

Behind Venus it is better to observe in the second half of the year (August 17 - evening elongation of 46 degrees, and October 27 - lower confluence with the Sun). There is a beautiful view of Mars, because July 27 falls at a great opposition (in Capricorn) with a maximum observed diameter of more than 24 arcseconds. Jupiter(in Libra and Scorpio) shows itself to the maximum in the first part of the year with opposition on May 9th. Saturn(in Sagittarius) - the first half of the year at the confrontation on June 27. Uranus(in Pisces and Aries) and Neptune(in Aquarius) act as autumn planets, because their confrontation with the Sun falls on October 24 and September 7.

If we consider 14 conjunctions of planets in 2018, the closest (less than 5 arc minutes) will be 2 cases: Venus and Uranus (March 29), as well as Mars and Neptune (December 7). Less than 1 degree: Mars and Jupiter (January 7), Mercury and Saturn (January 13), Venus and Neptune (February 21), Mercury and Neptune (February 25), Mercury and Jupiter (November 27) and Mercury and Jupiter (December 21) ).

Falls for 2018 5 moon occultations major planets in the system: for Mercury twice (February 15 and September 8), once for Venus (February 16), Mars (November 16) and Saturn (December 9). An occultation for Jupiter, Uranus and Neptune is not in sight. The next sequence for Jupiter starts on November 28, 2019. Uranus ended in 2015 and will only start on February 7, 2022. At Neptune, the start will not be until September 1, 2023.

Moon occultations the brightest stars are in Aldebaran (Alpha Taurus). The series began on January 29, 2015 and will last until September 3, 2018. In 2018, Aldebaran had 9 more covers. Regulus (Alpha Leo) falls 5 times (twice in March). It ends on April 24 and will start again on July 26, 2025.

brightest asteroid this year will be Vesta. The value at the point of opposition (June 20) will reach 5.3m (in Sagittarius). That is, the object can be observed without instruments. In the last days of January, Ceres (in Cancer) will reach magnitude 6.9m. On November 17, Juno will enter into opposition to the Sun at a brightness of 7.4m (Eridanus).

Amateur astronomers can look at comets: P/Giacobini-Zinner (21P), P/Stefan-Oterm (38P), P/Wirtanen (46P) and PANSTARRS (C/2016 M1), whose expected brightness should exceed 10m. It is possible that comet P/Wirtanen (46P) can be observed without instruments at night in the December sky.

Among meteor showers the best visibility is to be expected from the Lyrids, Perseids, Draconids, Leonids and Geminids.

Planet configurations:

• January 2 - standing of Uranus (5.7m);
• April 18 - merger with the Sun;
• August 7 - standing of the planet (5.7m);
• October 24 - opposition of Uranus (5.6m).

The best conditions for the visibility of the planet fall on autumn days.

IN January Uranus can be observed in the first half of the night, in the western part of the sky in the territory of Pisces. The value changes from 5.7-5.8.

• IN February days the object is visible in the west in the first half of the night, and then in the evenings in Pisces at magnitude 5.8.
• IN March the magnitude of Uranus is held at 5.8. You can observe the planet in the evening just after sunset in Pisces.
• IN April-May Uranus hides in the sun and is not visible. In the last days of May, the planet begins to appear in the morning sky not high above the horizon line (east). Moves in Aries near Pisces territory.
• IN June shown in the morning hours before dawn, not high above the horizon (east). Moves in Aries with brilliance 5.8.
• IN july period the planet is visible in the second half of the night in the eastern part of the sky. Will be in Aries with magnitude change between 5.8-5.7.
• IN august will continue to move in Aries and will be shown almost all night, except for the evening hours in the east. The magnitude is 5.7.
• IN September the planetary brightness gradually increases - from 5.7 to 5.6. Uranus is in Aries and is available to observers throughout the night. Appears after sunset.
• October- a favorable period for observation. The planet can be monitored all night. Look high above the horizon in Aries. The magnitude will reach 5.6.
• IN november Uranus is also shown throughout the night, except for a short time period at dawn. Advances in Aries near Pisces at magnitude 5.6.

IN december the planet is open for observation all night, except for the morning hours. Look high above the horizon in the southern and then western sky. Uranus transition from Aries to Pisces, where it will last until the beginning of the February days of 2019. The value will change from 5.6-5.7.

When are eclipses and starfalls expected and where can they be observed? Sputnik Georgia has compiled a detailed calendar of astronomical events in 2017 so that you do not accidentally miss these breathtaking phenomena and can admire them to your heart's content.

eclipses

Among the many bright astronomical events in 2017, the main one will be a total solar eclipse. A solar eclipse is observed when the Moon falls into the field between observers from the Earth and the Sun, as if blocking itself.

At the moment of a solar eclipse, the Moon itself is not visible - it seems that a certain dark object closes the Sun from us. During a total eclipse, the solar corona, stars and planets that are close to the Sun are visible.

Flickr/Greta Ferrari

According to scientists, a total solar eclipse will take place on August 21 at 18:26 UTC or at 22:26 TBS. According to astronomers, the total phase of the eclipse will last from 1.4 to 2.4 minutes. This is the 22nd eclipse of the 145th Saros (the period after which solar and lunar eclipses repeat again in the same sequence).

The region of its best visibility falls in the middle and subtropical latitudes of the northern hemisphere. The eclipse will peak at a point with coordinates: 37 degrees north latitude and 87.7 degrees west longitude. The width of the moon's shadow on the earth's surface will be 115 kilometers.

Residents of Canada, the USA, South and Central America, as well as Western Europe and West Africa will be able to see the celestial phenomenon. The phenomenon, which for the first time in the last 40 years will be able to fully observe the inhabitants of the United States, has already been called the Great American Eclipse.

Unfortunately, the inhabitants of Eurasia, including Georgia, will not be able to see this astronomical phenomenon. Private phases can only be recorded by residents of the Chukotka Peninsula, where the Moon will only slightly touch the Sun.

In August, scientists and amateur astronomers will be able to observe another cosmic event of the year - a paired lunar eclipse. The maximum phase of the eclipse will come on August 7 at 18:21 UTC or at 22.21 TBS.

© photo: Sputnik / Maxim Bogodvid

The moon will be partially in the cone of the shadow region of the Earth, which means that it will be possible to talk about a partial lunar eclipse. Observers will be able to see only that part of the Earth's satellite that will be in the penumbra at this moment. Scientists explain that a partial and total solar eclipse is observed from the Moon at this time.

This astronomical phenomenon can be observed in Eurasia, Africa, Madagascar, Australia and Antarctica, practically on all continents except America.

Starfalls

Starfall is an unusually beautiful phenomenon that everyone wants to see and, accordingly, make a wish.

The constellation Lyra has been giving us a stunning sight for several centuries - the spring Lyrid meteor shower, which is expected from April 16 to 25. In 2017, the peak of the meteor shower will be on April 21, and the total intensity will be about 20 meteors per hour.

Starfall Aquarids earthlings will be able to observe as usual in the first days of May. Its radiant is located in the constellation Aquarius. They reach the peak of their activity on May 4-6, although they begin much earlier - almost immediately after the passage of the Lyrids. Aquarids are best seen in the southern hemisphere - at the peak of activity, the meteor shower reaches 60 meteors in one hour.

The Capricornida meteor shower can be observed from the end of July until September 15th. The meteor shower, named after the constellation Capricorn, peaks around July 29th. Capricornids are not too intense - at the maximum their activity reaches 5 meteors per hour. However, the Capricornid meteors are considered among the brightest, so observers can really enjoy.

The Perseids are one of the most popular meteor showers that will delight us from August 10 to 20. Usually its peak falls on August 12-14. The Perseids are pieces of the tail of the comet Swift-Tuttle, which approaches our planet about 1 time in 135 years. The last time this happened was in December 1992. At the peak of their intensity, the Perseids show up to 100 meteors per hour.

© photo: Sputnik / Vladimir Astapkovich

In October, the Earth passes into another meteor shower - the Orionids, which is expected on the 16th-27th. The radian of this stream is in the constellation of Orion. This is a relatively weak meteor shower - the average intensity of the Orionids reaches 20-25 meteors per hour, which reaches its maximum on October 21-22.

From September 7 to November 19, earthlings will be able to watch the Taurids meteor shower. This is the common name for the two meteor showers that give rise to meteor showers - northern and southern. Both of these meteor showers have a low intensity, no more than 5 meteors per hour, but these meteors are very large and bright, and therefore are clearly visible in the autumn night sky.

Through the Leonids, a meteor shower known for its bright and abundant outbursts, the Earth passes annually on November 15-22. The radian of this meteor shower is in the constellation Leo and its maximum usually falls on November 17-18. During the peak period, no more than 10 bright meteors per hour can be observed in the sky.

The last chance to make a wish in 2017 is given by the Ursida meteor shower, which takes effect on December 17 and lasts about 7 days. The Ursid radian is in the constellation Ursa Minor. The last meteor shower of the year reaches its peak on December 20-22. The intensity of the Ursids is low, with up to 10 "shooting stars" or less per hour.

The material was prepared on the basis of open sources.

the moments and conditions of visibility of phenomena are given for Novokuznetsk, local time (UT+7)

Planets in October

Mercury- not visible.

Venus(–3.8 m) - visible in the morning above the eastern horizon.

Mars(+1.8 m) - visible before sunrise, not high above the eastern horizon.

Jupiter- not visible.

Saturn(0.6 m) - visible in the evening, low above the southwestern horizon.

Uranus(5.7 m) - available for observation all night in the constellation Pisces.

Neptune(7, 8m) – available for observation until morning in the constellation Aquarius.

Meteor showers in October

Draconids. Start of activity - October 6, end - October 10. The maximum activity falls on October 8 (zenithal hourly number - up to 90). Avg. speed - 20 km / s. Radiant coordinates: α = 17 h.5; δ = +54° (the nearest bright stars are β Draconis).

Orionids. Start of activity - October 2, end - November 7. The maximum activity falls on October 21 (zenithal hourly number - 20). Avg. speed - 66 km / s. Radiant coordinates: α = 06 h.3; δ = +16° (the nearest bright stars are γ Gemini).

On the evening of October 9, the Moon will pass through the Hyades open star cluster and then once again cover Aldebaran (α Taurus, 0.9 m). In Kuzbass, coverage will begin October 10 V 00 h 18 m local time when the moon is in phase 0,80 will cover the star with the bright edge of the disk in the region of the Bunsen crater. moon height 28.7° . The opening will take place in 01 h 09 m , when the star appears due to the damaged edge of the lunar disk in the region of the Atlas crater.

Mercury (m= - 0.3) appears in the evening sky in the second half of the month after sunset in the west. It is visible very low above the horizon in the constellation of Aquarius, and since February 22 in Pisces. The best visibility of Mercury comes at the end of the month, since on February 27 it will be at its greatest eastern elongation - at the maximum angular distance from the Sun - 18 degrees.

Venus (m= - 4.2) the brightest star shines in the morning in the southeast low on the horizon. By the end of the month, its visibility deteriorates somewhat. If in the first days of February it rises almost three hours earlier than the Sun, then at the end of the month it rises by an hour and a half.

Mars (m= - 1.0) bright yellow star shines in the evening high above the horizon in the southwest. Visible in the constellation Pisces, after February 12 - in the constellation Aries. Comes in around 2 am.

Jupiter (m= - 2.0) as a very bright star it is visible in the morning low above the southern horizon in the constellation Ophiuchus above and to the right of Venus. By the end of the month, its visibility improves, every day it rises earlier: at the beginning of the month at six in the morning, at the end at half past four.

Saturn (m= + 0.6) rises before dawn: at the beginning of the month an hour before the Sun, at the end - two hours. Before dawn, it is visible low above the horizon in the southeast in the constellation Sagittarius: until February 18, below and to the left of bright Venus, after February 18 - above and to the right, located on the ecliptic between Jupiter and Venus. February 18 at 18:54- Conjunction of Venus and Saturn. Venus will pass 1.1˚ north of Saturn.

Moon passes near Saturn on February 2nd, near Jupiter on February 27th. Moon phases:
new moon - February 5 at 2:03;
first quarter - February 13 at 3:26;
full moon - February 19 at 20:53;
last quarter - February 26 at 16:27

Astronomical calendar for 2019

All events are listed in Ufa time

Astronomical events:
Spring equinox - March 21 at 02:57 (day equals night)
Summer Solstice - June 21 at 20:53 (the longest day of the year)
· Autumn equinox - September 23 at 12:49 (day equals night)
· Winter Solstice - December 22 at 09:18 (the shortest day of the year)
Earth at perihelion (at the minimum distance from the Sun - 147,099,591 km) - January 3 at 07:21
Earth at aphelion (at the greatest distance from the Sun - 152,104,015 km) - July 5 at 04:28

Significant dates:
10th of March – International Planetarium Day
12th of April – International Day of Human Space Flight
April 22 – International Earth Day
May 3 – International Sun Day
May 11– International Astronomy Day
30 June– International Asteroid Day
October 4 - 10 – World Space Week
October 31 – dark matter day

Eclipses of the Sun and Moon:

6th January- partial solar eclipse, invisible to us. The eclipse will begin at 04:34 Ufa time, the middle of the eclipse will be at 06:41, and the eclipse will end at 08:48. It will be observed in East Asia and in the Pacific Ocean.

January 21- a total lunar eclipse, visible here, but the inhabitants of Bashkortostan will not see it completely, since the Moon will go below the horizon before the total eclipse begins (in Ufa at 09:30). The eclipse will begin at 08:34 Ufa time - the Moon will begin to enter the earth's shadow (the beginning of a partial shadow eclipse). At 09:41 the Moon completely enters the earth's shadow (the beginning of the total eclipse), at 10:12 the middle of the eclipse will come, at 10:43 the moon begins to emerge from the earth's shadow (the end of the total eclipse), at 11:50 the moon completely leaves the earth's shadow (end of eclipse).

July 2/3- a total solar eclipse, invisible to us. The eclipse will begin on July 2 at 21:55 Ufa time, the middle of the eclipse will be on July 3 at 00:23, the eclipse will end at 02:50.

July 16/17- a partial lunar eclipse, visible from us. The penumbral eclipse will begin on July 16 at 23:43. At 01:01 Ufa time, the Moon will begin to enter the Earth's shadow (the beginning of a partial shadow eclipse). At 02:30 the maximum eclipse will come - 0.65 of the Moon's disk will enter the Earth's shadow (in Ufa). At 03:59 the Moon will come out of the earth's shadow (the end of the eclipse).

December 26- a partial solar eclipse, visible to us, it will begin at 09:39 Ufa time, the middle of the eclipse will come at 09:43 - the Moon will close 0.13 part of the solar disk in Ufa. At 09:58 the eclipse will end.

Bright meteor showers: