Paracetamol for children with high fever. Dosage of Paracetamol tablets for children: side effects, harm to the body. Features of use in children

A first aid kit for children is a must-have in every home where there is a baby. The most accessible and common analgesic and antipyretic agent, allowed from a very young age, is paracetamol. This is salvation both at high temperature and at pains of various origins.

It is on sale in the form of suppositories, sweet syrup, tablets. It is quickly absorbed, begins to act within 30-40 minutes after consumption, has a minimum of contraindications, is prescribed for children in whom hyperthermia is accompanied by convulsions.

The listed arguments are often decisive when buying, however Parents should consider the following nuances:

• up to 5 years of age in the treatment of babies, it is better to use suppositories, syrups, suspensions;
• strict adherence to dosage proportions is required in order not to expose the body weakened by the disease to the risk of excessive intoxication.

In this material, we will analyze in detail what dosage at a temperature is possible for children of different ages, how to give it correctly. This form of the drug raises the most questions. Main:

• from what age is allowed, dosage;
• how to divide a pill into parts;
• admission rules;
• what to do with an overdose.

We will consider them:

Can paracetamol tablets be given to children?

Reminder to parents: the numbers squeezed out on the tablets indicate the content of the active substance - paracetamol - in milligrams, sometimes in grams. They are written on a blister.

Available options: 200 (0.2), 325 (0.325), 500 (0.5). This makes it easier to determine the norm in the number of pieces.

The first thing to remember is that this form not used in treatment at all. The instructions indicate - with, pediatricians recommend with 5.

It is better to crush the pill or part of it into powder, dilute it with a slightly warm liquid (sweetened water, compote, tea). It is advisable to make a binding to food intake: give the medicine in an hour or two.

Experiments to create mixtures of the drug in question with No-shpa, analgin and other medicines are strictly prohibited.

Contraindications:

• individual intolerance to the main substance;
• impaired functioning of the liver or kidneys;
• blood diseases.

Paracetamol for children: dosage in tablets at a temperature

Paracetamol 200 mg

This dosage is the most convenient, since the calculation is carried out with a multiplicity of 100.

Regulated norm from 3 to 6- 150-200 mg. Pediatricians, without further ado, prescribe a pill. For thin babies, half is enough. Permissible maximum 800 mg / day (no more than 4 pieces).

For older kids ( from the age of 6) the norm is increased to 1.5-2.

If the fever does not subside, the medicine is given again. The minimum interval between doses is 4 hours.

It is strictly not allowed to use the agent in question in parallel with other drugs containing paracetamol. If you have given a pill and the fever does not subside, use other non-drug methods:

• ventilate the room;
• solder the baby with water;
• make lotions (on the forehead, armpits, inguinal region).

Paracetamol 325 mg

This option designed for children 6-12 years old. One full pill is given at a time. You don't need to share or add anything. Can be crushed into powder.

The frequency of reception is similar to that indicated above.

Moms who strictly follow the rules are interested in how to accurately calculate the dose of paracetamol for children?

Medical response: take 10-15 mg for every kilogram of body weight. For example, for 2 years, the weight norm is 11.5 kg. Hence, ≤ 172.5 mg is required. It is simply impossible to separate the required amount from the tablet. But there are suitable suppositories containing 170 mg of an antipyretic substance.

Dosage of 500 mg tablets

Such packaging is considered "adult". Teenagers from 12 years old given as a single tablet.

Positive results should not be expected immediately after taking the drug. The temperature drops after about 30 minutes - an hour, usually to 37-37.5 °.

Do not use this medicine for more than 3 days without a doctor's permission.

Attention, an overdose of paracetamol in children, what to do in such a situation?

Anxiety symptoms: arrhythmia, pallor, vomiting or severe nausea, abdominal pain. An acute attack of pancreatitis is not excluded. Usually these symptoms are noticeable almost immediately, but may occur within 24 hours after ingestion. With severe poisoning, liver failure progresses to hemorrhage, loss of consciousness. Unbearable pain in the lower back, blood in the urine signals kidney dysfunction.

Urgent hospitalization required.

If no more than an hour has passed after taking the drug, you can give activated charcoal on your own, but still take the baby to the hospital.

Remember the main thing:

• you can’t reduce the heat with the “strongest” remedy, you need to use only approved drugs and in a suitable form;
• temperature up to 38.5 ° is not brought down, the body must fight itself;
• do not risk the health of babies, even a one-time increase in the dose is fraught with irreversible consequences.

If we talk about the most popular antipyretic drugs, then Paracetamol is mentioned first of all. Such a medication is considered safe even for infants (it is given from the age of three months), it is available in various forms and is well tolerated by most young patients. When and in what dose can Paracetamol be used to treat a child of 5 years old and which form is preferable, can the drug pose a danger to the health of a preschooler and what analogues can it be replaced with - you will find answers to these and other questions in our article.

When is it prescribed and how does it work?

Paracetamol (the main substance of the drug with the same name) has the ability to influence the centers located in the brain that regulate the perception of pain and the level of body temperature.

The drug acts on nerve cells by blocking specific enzymes, resulting in its analgesic and antipyretic effect. Such properties affect the indications for the use of Paracetamol:

• First, the drug is used at elevated temperatures. Usually, doctors advise giving Paracetamol if the thermometer exceeds +38.5 degrees. But in some cases, the drug is prescribed at a lower figure, for example, if the temperature has risen in response to a vaccination or the child has a neurological pathology, due to which there is a risk of seizures.
• Secondly, the drug is prescribed for pain, the intensity of which is assessed as medium or low. Paracetamol helps with headaches, sore throats, various injuries, and so on.

The anti-inflammatory effect of Paracetamol is very weak, therefore, if it is necessary to combat active inflammation, such a drug is often replaced with analogues from the group of nonsteroidal drugs, for example, Voltaren or Nurofen.

Instructions for use

Suspension

Most often, 5-year-old children are prescribed a liquid form of Paracetamol, represented by a sweet strawberry or orange suspension.

Such a tool is available in glass bottles of 100-200 grams, and for accurate dosing, the box additionally has a measuring 2-sided spoon or a plastic syringe with divisions. The amount of paracetamol in such a medicine (per 5 ml of the drug) is 120 mg.

The suspension is praised for its simplicity and ease of use, and most five-year-olds swallow this medicine without any difficulty. However, in addition to paracetamol and water, this form contains additional ingredients (sucrose, propylene glycol, gum, etc.), to which some babies develop allergies.

If Paracetamol in suspension is prescribed for a child with fever or pain, the following nuances are taken into account:

• the medicine is given after meals (after about 1-2 hours);
• it is not necessary to dilute the drug with water, but it is desirable to drink with fever so that the child receives more liquid;
• frequency of use - from 1 to 4 times a day;
• the suspension should be given with a pause of at least 4 hours;
• dosage is calculated by weight (10-15 mg / kg - single, 60 mg / kg - maximum daily);
• duration of use at temperature - 3 days, with pain - up to five days.

Candles

Paracetamol in suppositories is in demand for the treatment of 5-year-old children no less than a suspension. Such a medicine is produced in different dosages, and parents call its main advantage a simple composition, because in addition to paracetamol, the candle contains only a fatty base, and there are no dyes, flavors and other chemical compounds in this form.

Suppositories are prescribed in such situations:

• if the child cannot swallow the suspension due to vomiting;
• if the child has intolerance to the auxiliary components of liquid Paracetamol.

Since this medicine begins to act somewhat later than the suspension, candles are often placed before bedtime if it is necessary to prevent a rise in temperature at night. At the age of 5, a drug with a dosage of 250 mg is usually used.

Pills

The solid form of Paracetamol, according to the instructions for the tablets, is contraindicated in children under 6 years of age. However, in some cases, the use of such a medicine is permissible, for example, if it is not possible to give a suspension, and there are only tablets at home.

In this case, the dosage of the tablet should be clarified with the doctor in order to prevent its excess. The tablet is given to the child to swallow and drink with water, but if there are difficulties with this, the medicine in the dose prescribed by the pediatrician can be crushed into powder, mix in a spoon with water and give the baby in this form.

Can it hurt?

In some patients, as a result of taking Paracetamol, allergies or other side effects appear, for example, in rare cases, the drug causes negative symptoms from the gastrointestinal tract, and with long-term use, it affects hematopoiesis. Overdose of the drug is also dangerous, since an overdose can damage the child's liver and cause encephalopathy.

It is important to know that the symptoms of liver damage do not occur immediately, but 12 hours after taking a very large dose of Paracetamol or later. And if a child accidentally took a lot of medicine, it certainly needs to be shown to the doctor, despite the normal state of health.

If, after an overdose, the baby has vomiting, abdominal pain and other symptoms, you should immediately seek medical help.

lytic mixture

If a child has a very high temperature that poses a health risk, doctors bring it down with a mixture of several drugs called lytic.

The main component of such a mixture is an antipyretic, which can be either Paracetamol or Analgin or another drug for fever. It is complemented antihistamine, for example, give a child Suprastin.

If the baby has cool limbs and pale skin, such a fever is called pale, and a third component is included in the lytic mixture. This antispasmodic helping to expand the peripheral vessels. The most commonly used drug is No-shpa.

Parents should remember that the use of this combination of drugs in children with high fever without medical supervision is not recommended. The pediatrician will not only determine the correct dosage of each of the drugs, but also make sure that there are no contraindications.

Analogues

You can replace Paracetamol for pain or high fever with another medication that has the same active substance, for example, Efferalgan or Panadol.

Also, children are allowed to give ibuprofen preparations (the most popular medicine is considered Nurofen), and other drugs with a similar therapeutic effect are used only in cases where it is impossible to give the child a safer remedy.

In the next video, Dr. Komarovsky will talk about how to take paracetamol for children.

Children's Paracetamol should be present in the parents' first aid kit, it is not known when it may be needed. This is a universal drug, which is an antipyretic and analgesic. Pediatricians prescribe Paracetamol to children, the dosage in tablets must be strictly observed.

The composition of the drug

Paracetamol in the blaster has a white color, a flat-cylindrical dragee. It is produced in two dosages. How many mg in one tablet? One unit contains 200 mg and 500 mg. The drug is released without a prescription, a preliminary consultation with a doctor is required. Additional composition of Paracetamol tablets:

• potato starch;
• lactose;
• gelatin;
• stearic acid.

The tablets do not dissolve in water, before giving the baby it is better to simply crush, give it to drink with plenty of water.

At what temperature is the medicine given, is it possible for children?

What helps Paracetamol? The drug is prescribed at a temperature not lower than 38 degrees, which appeared for various reasons (flu, infection, virus, post-vaccination reaction).

Can I give paracetamol tablets to my child? Parents in the process of education are faced with diseases that cause fever. Before answering the question, let's study the effect of the drug on the children's body. The drug blocks the enzyme cyclooxygenase, which is involved in the synthesis of archidonic acid, which causes an increase in temperature. Paracetamol quickly reduces the temperature, therefore it is in demand. The minimal occurrence of side effects allows you to give medication to children.

Important! From what age do they give the drug to children? The official annotation (instruction for use) indicates: the medicine is started to prescribe to children from 6 years.

However, doctors have developed their own scheme for the use of the drug, following which the medication can be given even to newborn babies. The main thing is that the dose of Paracetamol for children in tablets should not be exceeded, especially if the patient is under two years old.

Dosage and scheme of application

Small children are prescribed Paracetamol 200 mg. When prescribing medication, doctors mainly look at the patient's weight. A single dosage of Paracetamol in tablets for children weighing 10 kg or more is ½ pill, which is released at 0.2 g.

Table: drug regimen

Consider the example of how to give medicine to children. For example, a 7-year-old child was prescribed to drink Paracetamol. This means that a single dose is approximately 200 mg, that is, 4 pills per day with a dosage of 200 mg.

How many Paracetamol tablets can I take per day? The amount is calculated based on the weight of the patient. The optimal single dose for children of two years of age is 100 mg, which means that ½ tablet is given at one time, which equals 100 mg x 4 \u003d 400 mg. A two-year-old child can be given 2 tablets per day.

How to take medicine? If the patient can swallow the pill, go ahead. If it cannot, it is necessary to crush, give the baby, quickly drink plenty of water. Very young children will have to dissolve with milk (water, juice), the medicine does not dissolve completely, grains remain. Therefore, it is better to pour the tablet into a tablespoon, add milk, give it to the baby. Repeat several times, you must drink all the contents in a spoonful of medicine.

Important! Temperatures below 38 degrees should not be brought down. The body must fight infection. How to take, read the article.

How many tablets of paracetamol to drink at a temperature will tell the pediatrician, but be guided by table number 1, which contains the exact dosage in accordance with the age of the patient.

How quickly does an antipyretic help?

How long does the drug take to work? The effect of the drug occurs after 30 minutes. In some cases, the temperature begins to drop after an hour. Parents need to be patient. Komarovsky recommends that during this period, you can rub the child with a solution of vinegar and water, so the temperature will begin to fall faster.

How long does the active substance last? The time of action of the drug is from 4 to 6 hours. But sometimes the temperature can rise much faster, in this situation it is necessary to give the child a medication that lowers the fever with another active substance or call an ambulance for the doctor to give an intramuscular injection.

What happens if you take more pills than you should

Due to the hindsight of parents, many children find where the pills are hidden. Sometimes they even think of trying them. What happens if you drink 10 Paracetamol tablets at a time? The answer is known to all, of course, an overdose will occur. The active substance paracetamol is safe if the dosage is correctly calculated. Ten tablets is 2000 or 5000 mg of the active ingredient. Plus, keep in mind that they also contain additional substances that are unsafe for health in large quantities.

Important! The use of 10 tablets threatens with toxic damage to the liver.

And the child may also have toxic hepatitis, which eventually turns into cirrhosis. The consequences of taking 10 tablets can be fatal for a child. As for the restoration of the liver after Paracetamol, you will have to undergo more than one course of treatment, which will include not only drugs, but also droppers, possibly even a blood transfusion.

As you can see, Paracetamol is dangerous for newborns, school-age children and adolescents, if the dosage is not observed, especially when taking a large amount of the active substance. That is why pharmaceutical factories that produce medicines write in the instructions that the drug be stored out of the reach of children.

In case of an overdose, the following symptoms may appear: nausea, vomiting, dizziness, loss of consciousness, impaired renal function, pallor of the face, urticaria, skin rash (appears first on the cheeks), sharp pain in the abdominal cavity, Quincke's edema.

Medicine shelf life

The shelf life of Paracetamol tablets is 3 years from the date of issue. The date of manufacture must be indicated on the packaging. If you buy one plate, be sure to ask the pharmacist how much time is left before the expiration date, or better, ask them to show you the package from which they take the tablet plate. Not all pharmacies care about the health of patients, and many simply forget to look at the date of manufacture, not suspecting that they sold an expired drug to the patient.

The antipyretic drug is stored in a dry, dark room, the temperature of which should not be below 15 and above 25 degrees.

The cost of the drug in pharmacies in Russia

For the drug Paracetamol, the price in Russia may differ, depending on the place of purchase, the manufacturer and the dosage of the active substance. The cost of an antipyretic agent 500 mg No. 10, the manufacturer of which is Pharmstandard-Leksredstva JSC, is 6 rubles. Tablets 200 mg No. 10 cost from 2 to 6.20 rubles. Again, it all depends on the pharmacy and the manufacturer.

Paracetamol belongs to non-narcotic analgesics, therefore it is used as an effective antipyretic and analgesic drug at any age.

The drug does not help in the treatment of the pathological process, but only relieves its clinical manifestations. Parents can use the medication as an emergency aid for a baby with severe hyperthermic syndrome until the arrival of a qualified specialist or as prescribed.

Basic drug dosages

The answer to the question of how much Paracetamol to give a child of 10 years old depends on the form of release of the drug. The general rule is the frequency of taking no more than 4 times a day, and the daily maximum dose for a baby of these years is 2 grams .

Taking the drug should not last more than 3 days, in cases of home treatment of the child.

According to the pharmacy instructions, a single dose of Paracetamol for a 10 year old child is:

• children take syrup at the rate of 10-15 mg / kg of body weight - a single dose(in the box with the medicine there is a measuring spoon that simplifies the process);
• suppositories with 330 mg of paracetamol in each are used no more than 4 pieces per day, it is possible to put 2 suppositories at a time, it is better at night, since the action of suppositories is slower;
• tablets containing 500 mg of the drug are drunk 1 piece at a time.

Side effects

The drug is taken with great care and only with the permission of a doctor by children who have problems with the kidneys and liver. Paracetamol does have a toxic effect on these organs, but only if there are predisposing factors in the form of illness, additional triggers and long-term use.

Paracetamol for a child of 10 years old can be unpleasant in terms of the appearance of some side effects:

• rashes and itchy skin due to allergic reactions;
• nausea, vomiting and pain in the upper abdomen due to toxic effects on the liver;
• changes in the functions of the central nervous system (irritability and excessive vigor may be replaced by severe drowsiness);
• pain in the lumbar region (renal colic);
• decrease in the contractile function of the heart (decrease in the frequency and strength of the heartbeat).

In any situation the dose of Paracetamol should not exceed the therapeutic, since overdoses are very dangerous for the human liver. If parents have the opportunity to show a sick baby to a doctor as soon as possible, then it is better not to use medicines once again that can hide important symptoms of the disease.

Article verified
Anna Moschovis is a family doctor.

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An increase in temperature in a child indicates the development of an inflammatory process in the body. Perhaps it is all the fault of childhood infections or acute respiratory infections, cutting teeth or a vaccination made the day before. In any case, the high temperature gives the little patient a lot of anxiety and plunges his parents into a panic.

There are many antipyretics on the market today. The most popular among them for many decades has been the time-tested children's Paracetamol in the form of syrup or suspension. If you follow all the recommendations described in the instructions they can bring down the temperature even in babies a few months old. In this review, you can learn more about the features of the drug.

The composition and action of the drug

Paracetamol-based antipyretics are used throughout the world. The active active substance stops the formation of an enzyme (cyclooxygenase), which causes an increase in temperature and pain. The cupping of this enzyme occurs in the central nervous system. As a result, the fever quickly subsides and the pain goes away. The gastric mucosa does not suffer. The blocking of cyclooxygenase in the central nervous system is associated with such a feature of Paracetamol as the absence of an anti-inflammatory effect. Therefore, the use of the drug is meaningless for pain caused by inflammatory processes - muscle and joint pain, as well as pain as a result of injury to the ligaments and tendons.

Children's Paracetamol should not be taken in parallel with other medicines containing paracetamol - otherwise there is a high risk of overdose.

The drug in the form of syrup and suspension today can be bought at any pharmacy. You don't even need a prescription for this. This also indicates the relative safety of the remedy.

Paracetamol begins to act after 30-40 minutes.

The price of a bottle of suspension with a capacity of 100 ml is 60-80 rubles, a bottle of 200 ml costs about 120-150 rubles. 50 ml of syrup cost about 50 rubles. 100 ml - 80 rubles.

Indications

Paracetamol syrup for children and Paracetamol suspension are forms of the drug created especially for the smallest patients. Liquid viscous consistency is very convenient for babies to take. And if tablets containing paracetamol are allowed only for children who have reached the age of 12, then the suspension can be saved from the heat of crumbs who are only a month old (under the supervision of pediatricians and in age-appropriate dosages).

Indications for admission are:

• increased body temperature in a child(up to 38.5°C or, as recently recommended by experts in the field of pediatrics, up to 38.9°C);
• mild or moderate pain: headaches and toothaches, neuralgia, pain during teething.

You can bring down the temperature with medicines if the thermometer shows 38.5 ° and above.

A high temperature can be dangerous in itself - for example, provoke convulsions. In some cases, it is necessary to bring down the temperature urgently -. And antipyretics are designed to alleviate the condition of patients in such situations.

An important point - children's Paracetamol does not cure, but only relieves the symptoms of the disease. Heat and pain indicate the course of a pathological process in the body. These signs indicate that you need to call a doctor who will examine the baby and prescribe treatment.

Release form

On the shelves of pharmacies, the medicine is found in different forms:

• tablets in dosages of 200, 325 and 500 mg;
• capsules;
• syrup (120 mg/5 ml and 125 mg/5 ml);
• suspension (120 mg/5 ml);
• suppositories (candles for adults and children, differing in size and dosage).

Tablets and capsules are commonly prescribed for teenagers and adults. The dose is selected by the doctor in accordance with the state of health and weight of the patient. Children's forms - syrup, suspension and suppositories.

Candles are administered rectally, their absorption occurs in the intestine. The method of application is described in detail in the instructions for the tool. The advantages of such a drug:

• the absence of sugar, flavors and dyes in the composition, which is especially important for allergic children;
• a longer effect compared to other forms of the drug, although it will take longer to wait for the onset of the suppositories;
• long shelf life - 2 years, and open syrup can be stored for only a month.

Differences between syrup and suspension

Syrup and suspension are forms of children's Paracetamol that have much in common with each other:

• identical action;
• similar consistency;
• the same dosage (5 ml of the product contains 120 mg of the active substance);
• pleasant fruity aroma and sweetish taste with typical bitterness (various flavors are available: raspberry, strawberry, orange);
• similar containers (vials or bottles of dark glass with a tightly screwed cap with a volume of 100 or 200 ml).

The syrup should not be given to children under 2 years of age.

The main differences are observed in the compositions. Suspension does not contain sugar, while refined sugar is an ingredient in syrup - parents of diabetic children need to know about this. Besides syrup contains alcohol therefore, it is not suitable for treating babies under two years of age.

Dosage

Details on the dosage and features of taking Paracetamol in the form of syrup and suspension can be found in the attached instructions for use (). It lists the doses of admission depending on age. But a more significant point is the weight of the patient. If a child at 7 years old weighs only 15-16 kg, respectively, the dose recommended for the previous age group will be the norm for him.

So, the age norms for taking Paracetamol syrup for children are as follows:

• 2-6 years - 5-10 ml;
• 6-12 years - 10-20 ml;
• adolescents from 12 years old - 20-40 ml.

Suspension dosages:

• 1-3 months - 2 ml;
• 3 -12 months - 2.5-5 ml;
• 1-6 years - 5-10 ml;
• from 6 years - 10-20 ml.

The recommended amount of paracetamol is 10 mg per 1 kg of body weight. That is, an individual single dose for a child weighing 24 kg is 240 mg of the active substance. 5 ml of syrup or suspension contains 120 mg of paracetamol. Accordingly, the patient needs to take approximately 10 ml of liquid (these are 2 measuring spoons).

Reception features

Measure the liquid with a convenient spoon, a cap with markings or a special syringe that comes with the bottle. It is recommended to take the remedy no earlier than an hour or two after eating. A prerequisite is to take it with plenty of water.

It is impossible to dilute the medicine with water, but it is necessary to drink it.

You can not drink the medicine more often than once every 4 hours. The duration of treatment is a maximum of 3-5 days. According to the reviews of experienced mothers, Paracetamol in the form of syrup and suspension acts in 15-20 minutes, sometimes you have to wait a little longer.

Contraindications

Suspension (and syrup) Paracetamol has a number of contraindications. It is strictly forbidden to take the drug to patients with serious diseases of the kidneys, liver and blood. Do not prescribe it to babies up to 1 month (age restriction of syrup - from 2 years).

As is the case with all other medicines, a contraindication to taking the remedy is the child's personal intolerance to its individual components. If, after the baby drank the medicine, he showed signs of an allergic reaction (from a banal rash to a life-threatening Quincke's edema), it is obvious that the drug is not suitable for him.

Follow the dosage and the baby will quickly recover.

Symptoms of an overdose are manifested through:

• pallor;
• nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain;
• increased sweating;
• pain in the liver (begins in a day or two).

A significant overdose due to the development of acute liver failure can lead to coma and death.

To determine the degree of overdose and adequate treatment, you need to consult a doctor. Pre-medical actions - gastric lavage (effectively no later than 4 hours after the incident) and the intake of activated charcoal.

Analogues

Paracetamol has analogues - Efferalgan, Kalpol and others. The funds have similar composition and effectiveness. But the prices for these drugs vary: naturally, foreign ones are more expensive than domestic ones. The properties are similar to Paracetamol Nise and Nurofen. They contain completely different ingredients. Means have a large number of contraindications and side effects, but provide a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect.

Paracetamol analogue: Panadol is a remedy for fever and pain.