Professional dog trainer. Dog training at home: teaching basic commands. Teaching the dog to follow commands

Has a small "bell" appeared in the house? He jumps funny, biting the surrounding objects, ruffles slippers and tries to climb onto the sofa? It's time to start training so that the grown pet does not allow itself such liberties. Dog training is essential. Do not think that the puppy is still small and unintelligent. You need to start educating him as early as possible, and you can do it yourself at home.

Dog training at home has three important goals:

The pet must recognize the leader in the owner, which means that he will know his own status.
A person gets to know a pet well, and in the most critical situations knows what to expect from him and how to behave.
A trained dog is a socially adapted pet that can get along well not only with people, but also with other animals.

Before training, the owner must clearly articulate for himself what he wants to get as a result of the lesson. Use as a motivational subject can be deterrents or rewards. The maximum return can be achieved if the dog gets what he wants immediately, in the first seconds, after the command is executed. There should be no hitches, which means that everything should be prepared in advance.

The containment methods include:

Using items that can get the dog's attention. In most cases, these are things that make sharp sounds - whistles, a bunch of keys, a rattle from a tin can with pebbles, etc.
In case of non-compliance with actions, the dog loses the attention of the owner. She is sent to the place without the usual stroking and praise, in a strict voice.

Pet restraint methods can be used on older puppies over 4 months old. If the dog is unbalanced, then this method should not be used either.

It is noted that ignoring a pet is a more effective technique than physical impact - a dog often perceives spanking as game elements.

Training is a rather laborious task, and tired of the process, you can motivate yourself by the fact that teaching a dog to behave appropriately is much easier than correcting inappropriate behavior.

Training for training

If we talk about where to start, then the answer is obvious - with yourself. The pet owner must understand that training is not a leisure activity caused by every minute desire, but painstaking, everyday work. Therefore, you need to clearly plan the schedule, allocating time for classes. At this time, no cases should be assigned, and nothing should distract from the process.

For the first lesson, you need to prepare a collar, a leash and your pet's favorite treat. As a last resort, you should not choose food from your own table. Suitable for these purposes. For especially fastidious dogs, you can purchase special snacks at the pet store designed for training.

It is better to start training in a place familiar to the pet so that it is not distracted by foreign objects. If the terrain is uncharted for the puppy, then you need to give some time to develop the territory.

Another condition must be observed - during classes there should not be strangers nearby, this will greatly complicate the task and constantly distract the puppy.

Required Commands

Among the main commands that are the basis of all further skills, the following can be distinguished:

Nickname training. The pet must not only know its own name, but also be able to instantly respond to it. This is a guarantee of excellent obedience, both at home and on the run. To achieve success, you need to pronounce the nickname more often, putting as many positive emotions into your voice as possible. As soon as the dog reacted to his own name, he automatically earned a reward.
Team " !". At the initial stage, you can use this command only for positive moments - while inviting your pet to eat, walk or play. This will allow the dog to perceive it as something good and strengthen the command in the mind. Later, during training, the reaction to the command needs to be corrected. The pet will have to not only approach the owner, but sit at the feet. During normal walks, you can simply call the puppy, for no reason, and treat him with a treat. Not only will this speed up the learning process, but it will also help distract your dog from eating street waste, making it easier for him to forego questionable food in favor of a tasty treat.
Concentration of attention. Any dog should depend on the owner. If the owner left, the pet should follow. This skill must be instilled in the puppy from the first days. To do this, you need to use a useful exercise:

The puppy needs to be let off the leash and given some time to play. The owner must move away, at least 10 meters, and stand in half a turn. The dog will definitely notice the absence of the owner and will run to look. Having found, the pet will show emotions of joy and will look into the eyes, looking for approval. After two or three seconds, you need to praise the puppy and treat it with a treat. After some time, the exercise is repeated, only in this case, a little more time should elapse between the moment when the dog came up and received praise.
Later, you can complicate the task - the owner must turn away from the pet when the dog runs up. In this case, the puppy will be patient and will faithfully sit, wait for eye contact to be established and he will receive the expected approval. After that, the dog must be praised. These exercises will allow the puppy to learn how to execute the command "come to me!" while focusing on the owner. At this moment, the pet does not pay attention to strangers, but expects a reaction from the owner.

Teaching a pet to a place. If we are talking about an adult dog, then there is practically no chance of accustoming to a place. As for puppies, they are quite trainable. You do not need to encourage the free movement of the pet around the apartment. It is necessary to prepare a special place (bed, house, pillow, etc.) and introduce a new family member to it. Little puppies, like any children, tend to fall asleep where they played. Therefore, it is worth every time to take the sleeping baby to the place. You should not instill negative memories of the place in your pet, so all unpleasant procedures (scratching, nail trimming, etc.) must be carried out outside this place. You can provide comfort for a four-legged friend - lay something soft and pleasant, put your favorite toys next to it. The dog must learn that this is the safest and most comfortable place in the whole house.

All this is the basis of a trusting relationship between a person and a dog. But there are still a lot of useful commands that the pet will have to learn:

« !» - will allow you to pick up any object picked up on the street or dropped in the house from the pet. A trained dog will have to obey, despite the increased interest in the subject.
« !» - a useful command when walking, with or without a leash.
« !» - an excellent remedy when a rather large pet shows excessive joy.
Learn to ;
and much more.

Expert opinion on puppy training:

Basic rules of training

There are a number of immutable truths that must be taken for granted:

Primary classes should be short - 10-12 minutes, at least twice a day.
Any lesson should begin with the consolidation of previously acquired knowledge.
The dog absorbs the material worse immediately after eating, after sleep and later in the day.
As a punishment, you can not use physical violence, only voice. The reproachful “Bad”, “Ai-ai” will be quite enough.
The command must be pronounced once, maximum twice, clearly, in a loud voice.
It is necessary to praise the pet, even if he did something, in the opinion of the owner, insignificant.

And most importantly, you need to practice every day so that the pet better remembers what has been passed and learns more knowledge and skills. Adhering to certain rules and recommendations of qualified dog handlers, the dog will grow up well-mannered and trained.

Before you start raising a four-legged friend, many owners think about what kind of training to choose - individual or in a group. And one, and the second type of training, of course, has its advantages. However, in order to feel the tangible results of training, it is necessary to take both personal and group classes.

Depending on what kind of “career” you are planning for your dog in the future, take an obedience course so that the dog is easy companion dog for a family, or train a dog General training course(OKD) and prepare him for passing the standards, or engage in sports training and participate in competitions, or show your pet at various exhibitions- Specialists of the Canine Center "Smart Dog" will help to draw up an individual training plan for your pet, taking into account all its features.

What are the benefits of private lessons?

Of course, the main advantage of individual lessons always remains that training sessions take place at home and at a convenient time for the owner of the dog. At the same time, the cynologist deals exclusively with you and your dog, trying to teach him obedience as soon as possible. The instructor explains in detail the psychology of the dog, answers all your questions and trains you and your pet, using an individual approach, taking into account the breed qualities and character traits of the dog. Therefore, if you have many questions about raising a dog, it is better to start with individual lessons and then - for sure! - Take classes in a group.

Benefits of group training sessions.

Such activities give the dog the opportunity to visit a new environment and communicate with their relatives, which is extremely important for the proper development of the pet.

In group classes, the socialization of the dog takes place. Here she learns to react correctly to other dogs and strangers; such negative traits in behavior as aggression and cowardice are removed.

Being engaged in a group, the pet learns to clearly follow the commands of the owner, regardless of the environment (people, dogs) and conditions (for example, passing vehicles).

Group lessons help to develop self-confidence in the dog, which is very important for a successful result.

Who needs to be in a group?

Group classes provide an opportunity to find new communication and exchange of information not only for owners, but also, first of all, for pets. In addition, if you wish to take the full course OKD or UGS (Guided City Dog) and pass the test, then, in this case, you can not do without group classes, because delivery of standards involves the work of the dog in a group. Sports training also involves group training in order to teach the dog to accept commands exclusively from the owner.

In any case, no matter what type of training you decide to do, classes on the playground in a group will be useful for your pet.

How are group classes going?

Classes are held 1-2 times a week on weekends at training grounds in Moscow. The duration of one lesson is 1-1.5 hours - the main lesson with a repetition of the material covered and the study of a new task, + 30 minutes, during which the instructor gives answers to questions. Payment for classes is made once a month according to the subscription system (for 4 classes). Missed classes are non-refundable.

During the first lesson, the instructor gets acquainted with the owners and their pets, tells why training is needed, about the types of training and the psychology of the dog. Then there is the study of basic commands and the development of skills. At the end of the session, the instructor answers questions from the participants.

The further program of the course is developed taking into account the wishes of the group members. The main areas of work of the group are:

Dog obedience training;

Socialization of dogs;

Correction of unwanted behavior;

Building the right relationship in a pair of "owner-dog".

After the main obedience class, those who wish can continue teaching the puppies the first skills of protective guard service (the so-called "nipper"). From an early age, your puppy will learn to protect you and your property from intruders. This activity is paid extra.

For training sessions in a group there are no restrictions on breeds and ages.

If you know that your dog may show aggression towards others, then it is necessary to bring him to class only in a muzzle (for medium and large breeds).

During estrus, dogs can also attend group classes - the owner will not miss useful information, and other dogs are taught not to react to estrus bitches and not be distracted from the owner's commands. This is especially important for those who are planning a further show or competition career for their pet. However, it is also important for everyday life. You can be sure that your male will not run away on a walk after a female in heat.

I would like to note that group training is a great way to diversify the life of pets. Group training sessions with our specialists will help your dog not only develop and adapt to the world around him correctly, but also gain new experience and positive emotions.

Proper development of your dog - only 750 rubles for one lesson!

A dog, regardless of the characteristics of the breed and size, needs education and training, that is, training. For serious breeds (German Shepherd, Alabai, Rottweiler or Boerboel), training is mandatory, otherwise the dogs will be socially dangerous and uncontrollable, which can lead to negative consequences. Also, decorative animals must be trained in the simplest dog literacy, so as not to be a burden for the owners and others.

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Necessary conditions for effective learning

Not only the result of the classes is important, but also the process during which the relationship between the owner and the pet should become stronger, become more trusting and friendly. Therefore, you should pay attention to the following points:

It is necessary to start the simplest training from scratch and at home during a game that brings pleasure, then the necessary commands are easier to assimilate and consolidate.
Dogs are individual: what one can easily master, another may not do right away. You should not compare animals and be disappointed, draw a conclusion about the intelligence of your pet based on one moment in training.
Train the animal when it comes from a walk in a good mood. Against the background of positive emotions, with rewards in the form of treats, dogs achieve the desired results faster. Harsh treatment and physical punishment will not inspire trust and obedience.
Commands should be unobtrusively continued in everyday life.
The correct actions of the dog must be encouraged with a treat.

To make the puppy more willing to try to get food as a reward, it is recommended that all classes be carried out before feeding.

Raising and training a puppy

Education precedes and accompanies training and has no age restrictions. You can train and train a dog at home, both 2-month-old and adult. At almost any age, the animal is quite trainable.

But the most effective way to start raising a pet is in childhood. As soon as the puppy began to move independently around the house, then along the way there is a need for certain rules of behavior. Like training, educational moments should be carried out from the very beginning with the help of rewards, not punishments.

It is recommended to start classes at home. This territory has already been repeatedly examined by the puppy, it is well known to him, so there will be no distractions in the form of new smells and unfamiliar animals. When the skills are fixed, you can continue training on the site and complicate the task.

Highlights of education and typical mistakes

Dogs (even domestic ones) are pack animals and they obey the laws of life in a pack, think in categories that are often incomprehensible to the owner. Due to human misunderstanding, confusion arises in the dog's mind, which results in the wrong behavior of the animal, which causes both people and the dog to suffer.

Absolute obedience to a person in everyday situations

The correct behavior of the pet is in the following provisions:

Never allow a pet to be present when people eat, and do not feed the dog from the table.
Do not allow sleeping in a person's bed or occupying his chair.
Do not play games of tug of war or rag toys.

In a flock, dominant individuals always eat first and the best. The rest are waiting to be allowed to eat what's left. Such a principle is not a humiliation for the animal, but a simple rule that everyone obeys. This maintains order in the flock. The leaders themselves choose their own rookery, no one dares to encroach on it. Nobody takes anything from the leader's property. This is perceived as a rebellion and is strictly suppressed.

Mistakes in training:

Begging a dog during the owner's meal is bad not only because it bothers people. It damages the psychology of the animal, which gets what it wants on demand. This in the mind of the pet means that the main thing is not the owner, but the dog.
Permission to sleep on the bed, or permission to take away a toy, produces a similar result.

Choosing a decision when performing various actions

A puppy, like an adult dog, does not have the right to make decisions and act according to its will: bark, howl, show aggression towards animals or people, leave the owner, etc. All decisions in the pack are made by the leader (owner). Subordinates must obey, disobedience is unacceptable. The exception is rare cases when a dog is taught to act quickly in extreme situations without waiting for a human command (teaching Newfoundlands to rescue drowning people, etc.).

A dog that behaves according to its preferences is always a burden to others: it barks and howls when it wants to, threatens to attack or runs away. The owner should take the position of the dominant and not allow the pet to encroach on power in any situation.

The position of the dog and the owner when moving

When moving, a person dominates, because only he has the privilege of being the first to enter the door, the first to meet guests, the first to leave the house.

This is also confirmed by observations of the life of pack animals. Only the leader has the right to be ahead of the pack. He will not give up his place to anyone, because he is responsible for what can happen.

If a person follows a dog, it automatically takes responsibility for everything that happens (including the person). Therefore, she herself has to make decisions and act according to her choice.

The successful upbringing of a dog depends entirely on the owner, he must understand the dog's psychology and use it in training. If you ignore the pack instincts of the dog, it is very easy to form a nervous animal with a spoiled character and a disturbed psyche, since the dog cannot bear the share of responsibility that an unreasonable or careless owner places on it.

Dogs, like other animals, have such a genetic program of instincts that, when used correctly, practically does not fail. The owner can upset the program by ascribing to the four-legged human feelings and desires, which animals do not actually have.

Basic commands

For a small puppy (2-3 months old) that was recently brought into the house, the first learned commands will be standard phrases. In parallel with the beginning of education, the puppy should get used to the collar and leash. At an older age, about 5-6 months old, large breed dogs are taught to respond calmly to a muzzle.

The basis for the successful assimilation of commands by a pet is the development of the ability to obey a person. Teams are fixed in stages.

Nickname

In order for a dog to learn to respond to its name (nickname), it is necessary:

When feeding, when stroked, caressed, call the name of the dog. The voice should be even and pleasant. In a pet, this word will be associated with pleasant actions.
You can’t call a dog by its name when you need to scold it in a stern voice. At the same time, it is necessary to accustom the dog to the collar.

"To me!"

What you need to do so that the dog learns the command "come":

When the owner calls the pet to feed it, you must say the command. The puppy came up, you need to encourage a treat.
When the command is assimilated at home, it should be continued to consolidate it under more difficult circumstances - on the street, where there are many distractions.
If the puppy does not respond to the command, do not insist and yell at the pet. In such cases, you need to continue learning at home again and persistently consolidate the result with treats.

With disobedience and persistent repetition of the words of the command, the pet will have a causal relationship between his behavior and the command: "to me" will mean for him "do whatever you want." Frequent repetition of words will be fixed in the mind of the dog with its behavior. In cases where the words "to me" are already incorrectly fixed, the phrase must be replaced with another, synonymous one, for example: "here", "to". For a pet, there is no difference what word is pronounced. It is important for him that this word promises to receive a treat.

"Place!"

At first, this means that the puppy must go to his bed, his resting place. When the owner calls the puppy by name to the place allotted for him, then he should put a treat on the litter and praise the dog. This can be done several times during the day. When the puppy has learned the command well, it should be complicated: the pet must remain in place until he is allowed to leave. If the puppy stays in one place, he will receive a reward in the form of a tasty piece.

With successful mastering, you need to achieve such a result that any place indicated by the owner will become the place where the dog should sit and wait for the owner or permission to leave. The transition to a more complex stage of learning is possible only when the previous one is perfectly mastered.

"Beside!"

Even a 3-month-old puppy can be taught to walk nearby and not tear the leash, if everything is done correctly:

This command is worked out with certain tools. They serve as a collar and leash.
The dog is required to simply walk alongside, and not rush with all his might to the side and not create discomfort for the owner and everyone around. The animal must walk quietly next to the owner's left foot half a length behind, with the leash hanging freely without the slightest tension. To work out this command, you will need to put on a ring or a "Controller" leash over or instead of a regular collar. It is a thick cord with a clip-regulator for tight fastening around the pet's neck. The "controller" is attached above an ordinary collar, below the ears, where the dog has sensitive points.
It is necessary to ensure that the dog is not ahead of the person, but is slightly behind. When pulling the leash forward or to the side, you should make a sharp and short jerk up.
If the dog walks calmly and correctly, you need to say "next" and reward with a treat. A sharp jerk of the leash in case of incorrect behavior will create discomfort for the dog, and after several similar actions, it will understand that after pulling the leash, unpleasant sensations will follow, and with a calm movement there will be a reward in the form of a treat.

A common mistake of the owners is the incorrect use of the command: when the dog pulls on the leash, he hears the word "near!", which the animal associates with his behavior. Therefore, this command (in the understanding of the dog) means pulling on the leash.

"Fu", "no!", "No!"

When trying to pick up food from the ground or perform some other action that should be stopped, the command "no!" is given. You can use another short word that is pronounced in a confident and stern tone. When teaching this command, clicking with a clicker (a special keychain with a clicking button) or fingers works well, this distracts the dog from the intention to do something and draws attention to the owner. If the dog is on a leash, then a sharp jerk of the leash up and the word "fu!" will help. or not!"

Experienced cynologists do not recommend even beating a puppy or dog for disobedience with a twig or a newspaper. Punishment is opposed to food rewards and repeated practice of skills.

"Sit!", "lie down!"

Options for sound signals for the command can be "sit!", "down! "In order for the dog to learn how to perform them, you should:

Offer your puppy a treat that requires him to tilt his head up. At this time, the owner gently presses the pet's lower back and sits him down. If the dog sits down, give him a treat.
In order for the puppy to lie down from a sitting position on the “down” command, he again needs to be offered food, at some distance from his muzzle (it will be more convenient to reach it while lying down). The owner should again help him lie down and only then give food as a reward.

After a few training sessions, the dog will understand what needs to be done to receive the reward and will act without human assistance. Be sure the animal must remain for several seconds in a given position, waiting for permission to other actions. Later, you can work out these commands only with the help of gestures, without voice.

"Stand!"

In order for the dog to learn to follow the command, you must:

When pronouncing the word "stand!" from a sitting or lying position, lift the puppy under the stomach, and hold the collar with the other hand. The dog must rise in place, without moving forward. After that, the animal receives a treat.
For a more perfect working out of the command, it is necessary to pause (starting from 3 seconds and bringing the pause time to 15) and reward the dog with a treat only after the sustained time.
With clear execution, they switch to a complicated form - giving a command with a gesture. You should also gradually increase the distance between the pet and yourself (up to 10-15 m).

"Give!"

The command is very similar to the "no!" command, as it restricts the dog from doing the desired action. To take away from the puppy an object in which he is interested, he should be offered something more attractive: a favorite treat. You should not take away by force and at the same time pronounce the word of the command. The dog itself must voluntarily give what the owner requires. The stimulus for this is your favorite food. At first, the puppy gives away the toy for food, and when the skill is fixed through repeated repetition, the dog can be encouraged with words and caress.

"Aport!"

The development of this difficult team also begins with the game:

1. First, you should work out the “give!” command so that the dog gives the brought object to the owner.
2. While playing with a stick or toy with the owner, the dog tries to take possession of the object. At the moment of the greatest interest of the animal, the owner throws the object of the game away from him and says "fetch!". The pet runs after the toy, tries to find it and take it.
3. The owner calls him and demands to execute the command "give!"

If the dog does not run after the thrown object, the owner runs up to him with the dog and repeats the word of the command. At the slightest success in studies, the dog should receive a reward. But gradually the task should become more difficult, since only with a clear execution of the command from the first time does the animal receive a reward.

Ideally, the dog should, on command, find an abandoned object, bring it to the owner, run around it from behind, go to the left leg, sit down and then give it back. Experienced trainers find it difficult to teach this command, because not every dog will be able to learn how to perform it perfectly.

"Voice!"

Do not immediately give the treat to the pet, it is better to show the food and hold it in front of the dog. She will start begging for it by barking. At this time, the owner repeats the command "voice!". Promotion is carried out necessarily after its implementation.

If the dog silently asks for a treat, does not give a voice, you can ask another family member to demonstrate in front of the animal what is required to receive a reward. Usually after 2-3 times the command becomes clear to the pet.

"Give me a paw!"

This command is useful for cutting nails and for entertaining guests. The treat is given to the dog to sniff and clamped in a fist in front of its nose. The dog may begin to scrape his fist with his paw. At this time, the words of the command are repeated and food is given to the animal.

"Face!"

There is no need to practice this kind of action in decorative dogs or in all others that do not belong to service dogs. Small breeds are more likely to show aggression towards strangers on their own initiative and without a request from the owner. The command is considered difficult and is usually practiced with an instructor or assistant, who must be dressed in a protective suit.

Algorithm for processing the command "face!":

1. A stranger approaches the owner with a dog and inflicts sensitive, but not painful, blows on the back of the pet.
2. When the dog gets angry, the stranger gives him some soft object to grab, something like old clothes.
3. When the animal grabs an object with its teeth, the owner pronounces the command "face!" and encourages the dog.

In addition to these commands, you can teach the dog to others: "walk!", "Forward!", "Barrier!", "Crawl!", "Guard!" (at the discretion of the owner). But achieving perfect execution of a standard set of commands is not easy.

Classes on the site with an instructor

This is the right decision for inexperienced owners or for difficult breeds to train. When choosing an instructor, one should be guided not only by the recommendations of several acquaintances or a club, but it would also be good to look at the work of this person directly on the site before contacting him.

Serious and correct training requires the presence of the owner along with the dog and trainer. Staying a pet on overexposure with a cynologist during training is possible if the dog is being prepared for patrol and search service in the police.

Training with a specialist is especially recommended for dogs of large breeds intended for security guard and search service. Also, the advice of an experienced cynologist will be required by the dog owner himself, especially regarding his own behavior in raising a pet.

Features of training different breeds

Education and training of different breeds has its own characteristics: for service dogs it is obligatory to pass a general and special training course (from 6-8 months) on the site with an instructor, for hunting breeds (from 1-3 months) there is a special set of commands with skills development in in the forest or in the field, for decorative breeds (from 3-6 months) it is enough to educate at home.

How to train dogs of various breeds:

Name of breeds	Features of training and education
Security and sentry: rottweiler, german shepherd, alabai	With general education and training, guard dogs are taught special commands that are needed when guarding and patrolling the territory. These commands include: "Listen!". A wary dog should listen carefully to extraneous sounds. "Track!". The dog must take the trail and follow it. "Protect!". The dog is obliged in the absence of a person to prevent strangers from entering its territory. The skill is practiced together with the helper, who plays the role of a stranger and provokes the dog to defensive actions.
Hunting: spaniel, shorthaired pointer, terrier, jack russell terrier, husky, husky	Up to 6-8 months with a dog, they are engaged in the education and development of standard commands. After six months, special training begins: training, which consists in chasing hounds, training huskies, baiting burrows and greyhounds, in the ability to get an object out of the water and bring it to the owner. An important exercise for hunting dogs is endurance. After executing the command, the animal does not immediately receive a reward in the form of a treat, but after a few seconds, and the owner, during such an artificial pause, moves away from the dog by several meters. Also, hunting dogs are taught not to be afraid of shots and loud sounds.
Decorative: spitz, pug, chihuahua, japanese chin	In addition to basic commands, small dogs can be taught to know the names of all family members. This technique is worked out simply: 1. The dog is brought to the person and his name is called, after that the person gives the dog a treat. 2. After a few exercises, the pet will remember which word is attached to which person, and will unmistakably go to the family member named by name to get a treat. You can also teach to close the door on command, bring slippers, stand on your hind legs, imitate a dance
Shepherd and cattle: alabai, labrador	After learning the basics of training, a grown puppy is taught to animals so that the herd is not afraid of dogs, and the dogs do not attack the herd. In teaching shepherd work, special commands are needed: "Drive!"(when driving out of the paddock or moving forward through the pasture). "Circle!"(when collecting scattered animals). "Forward!"(to level the edge of the herd). "Quiet!"(slow down pace). The shepherd or trainer works out these exercises directly near the herd on free pasture. All the correct actions of the dog are necessarily encouraged with a treat.

The question of how to train a dog worries many pet lovers. In this case, the main thing is to be patient and strictly follow the recommendations. In addition, dog training at home involves working with your own pet, which can make the task more difficult. Indeed, for a dog, the owner is like a mother for a child - you can be capricious with her. But if a person can cope with this and show not only tolerance, but also rigidity, he will be able to train a dog of any breed in the future.

The question of how to train a dog is of concern to many pet lovers.

Easily trained breeds

All animals, like people, have their own individual character, so if you undertook to train a dog at home, it is best to start with the breed, whose representatives are distinguished by their complaisant character and diligence.

Best trainable:

german bear- the character is good-natured, calm, but you need to start working with it from a very young age, otherwise it will grow uncontrollable.
Italian Canne Corso- there will be no problems with him either - he has an excellent memory, but he does not have good contact with other breeds.
basset hound- a cheerful hunter, quickly finds a common language with children. In addition, the animal is strong and hardy.
Russian black terrier- only a strong, strong-willed person can work with him, the animal has an appropriate character. But if such a specialist was found, then the dog will carry out all his commands with ease.
FROM maltese there will be no problems either, he studies easily and willingly, but because of his small stature and weak body he quickly gets tired.
German Shepherd– you can’t find a more devoted dog, a temperate, Nordic character, but at the same time a wonderful nanny. The commands are carried out easily, and most importantly, with pleasure, because the “German” loves to work.

Commands for the general course of training

Training for a dog begins from early childhood - from 1 month. How to train a puppy from 3 months and will be discussed further.

All of these commands are very important, you can not skip any. And they must be pronounced exactly as it is written in the manual.

In this case, the main thing is to be patient and strictly follow the recommendations.

A little later, after the dog has passed the entire course of mandatory commands, you can train it with any other, but the base must be unchanged:

"To me"– this team will be with the animal throughout its life.
"Ugh"- sometimes this command will help save not only your slippers, but also the life of the dog itself. After all, it is not known what the pet was going to pick up on the street, maybe a poisoned piece of bait.
"Beside"- this command will sound every day during the walk.
"Excerpt"- often this command is skipped, but, nevertheless, it is the basis on which the rest of the orders are based.
"Sit"– a team is needed every day in a variety of situations.
"Lie"- the command is not very popular, but it is performed by the pet with pleasure.
"Stand"- This team is hard to teach, but necessary.
"Give"- a command for any dog is important, but especially for service dogs. Small breeds on this command will give you a stick or a ball, and the service ones will release the captured criminal on it.
"Aport"- the team is needed for service dogs, according to which she begins to search the premises. Ordinary breeds of animals with the help of this command are forced to simply run.
"Place"- this team is more likely to maintain the authority of the owner, and not for the dog to go to the place. The fact is that the "place" is where the owner indicated, and not where the animal likes to sleep.
"Face"- team for service breeds. But you can’t use it until the pet learns to unquestioningly follow the rest of the owner’s instructions. A service dog is a kind of weapon, and if a person does not know how to handle it, then it becomes dangerous. So no "fas" until the dog learns complete obedience.

In order for the pet to learn better material, you can use a treat during training as a stimulus.

Dog training: first steps (video)

Obedience training

How to teach a dog commands? The learning process can be divided into several stages. Firstly, it is necessary to start learning teams at home at home, in a calm environment. When you are sure that the puppy being trained has mastered all the material, you can transfer the classes to the street.

It will be a surprise for the owner that in an open place, where there are many irritants that distract the dog, she does not follow a single instruction. So you will have to start all over again. But things will go faster - the base is already there!

On the street before training, which should last 30-40 minutes, let the animal run. A slightly tired dog will obey better. You need to do at least 3 times a week.

Before pronouncing the command, you need to draw the dog's attention to yourself by calling it by name. All commands must be duplicated with gestures. This is important so that in the future, instructions can only be given by gestures.

Teaching the dog to follow commands

To teach your dog to follow instructions, you need to guide him with your hands and a leash at first. You should not try to teach the dog several commands in one training session. Having achieved the implementation of one, in the next lesson you can teach the next. In the future, the commands are combined, but in random order. That is, you can not accustom the animal to perform a certain sequence - mix them. Commands must be pronounced in a harsh, loud voice.

Be sure to ensure that the dog complies with the command maximum on the second repetition. If that doesn't work, you need to pause and try again. You can not repeat the instruction 3-4 or more times.

So:

"To me". Stand where the dog can see you. It is necessary to draw attention to yourself by calling her by name. Show a treat in your hand and say "come to me!". When the animal approaches, give it a treat and praise with your voice, making its timbre softer. Repeat the exercise, gradually moving away from the animal further and further.
"Ugh". To do this, you need to take a treat. Put it in front of the dog and say "fu!". If the puppy tries to pick up the food, say “fu” again and slap him in the face with your palm. It is not necessary to hit hard, the main thing is to emphasize your disapproval of the behavior of the pet. You can beat with a fly swatter or a newspaper rolled into a tube, but there is a danger of teaching the dog to be afraid of this particular object. Repeat the command until the dog learns to ignore the treat when you tell it to. After he has ignored the treat, you can pick it up and give the dog from the palm of your hand. Having learned this trick, your pet will never eat anything on the street and, at your command, will release any object from its mouth.
In order to teach your dog the “near” command, you will need to put on a collar with a leash. Having said “next!”, with the help of a leash, bring the animal to your left leg, at the same time slapping it with your left palm, and position it so that its head touches your leg. When he is in this position, give the puppy a treat. It is critical for a service dog to follow this command, bypassing the owner in a circle in a clockwise direction, so it will be easier for her to take the right place. Help the dog with this leash. A mongrel can not be taught to bypass the owner in a circle. She should just walk up and stand on the left side.
Team training "sit" is also duplicated by a gesture - the palm rises to the level of the chest from itself, at the same time the command "sit!" is given. No need to hit the dog on the rump. To give it the right position, you just need to press with two fingers on the base of the pelvic bones where the spine departs from them, in humans this place is called the lower back. The dog will be uncomfortable with this pressure and will instinctively sit down. After the command is completed, give the treat while encouraging the dog with your voice.
On command "lie!" the palm falls parallel to the ground. In order for the dog to take the correct position, press your finger between his shoulder blades, moving away from painful pressure, he will lie down. Give him a treat and praise.
"Excerpt" at its core, it is the ability of the dog to remain in the position indicated to it by the owner. It can be sitting, standing, lying down. Make the animal perform one of these commands and try to get him to maintain this position for 5-10 seconds. Some coaches add the "wait!" command. Or just duplicate the executed command. Alternate "exposure" with other commands, gradually increasing the interval. After the dog has spent the allotted time in the specified position, give it a treat and praise. Ideally, the pet should be in the indicated position for up to 30 minutes. Without "hold" the dog will leave the specified position at its own discretion, and this is wrong.
"Give" performed in conjunction with the exercise "fetch", but for a start it is possible without it. You can train with the help of your favorite toy, let the dog take it in his teeth. After that, reach out to her hand and command "give!". To get the puppy to release the item and give it away, distract the animal with a treat. Praise your dog after following the instructions. In order to strengthen the skill, while eating a pet with the words "give!" take the bowl from him. He must meekly let you do it. If he growls and shows aggression, suppress his urge by pressing your hand on his back in the area of \u200b\u200bthe shoulder blades. Press the dog to the floor and hold it until he stops resisting. This must be done so that the dog understands who is the boss in the house. This knowledge will remain with him for life, such an understanding is especially important if the dog is of a large breed.
Dog training for the “fetch” command should take place on the street. To do this, take a special toy or hardwood stick and throw it forward with the words "fetch!". The instinct of the animal will tell you to grab the toy. When this happens, call the dog to you and on command “give!” make him release the object from his mouth. Give treats and praise. The training of service dogs follows approximately the same algorithm, only they are looking for a certain object. Small dogs are usually not trained in the "fetch" command.
"Place". The command is necessary in order to indicate the dog to its place in a particular case. It can be in any room or outdoors. "Place" is the area where she must wait for the owner. This exercise is taught in conjunction with the "excerpt" command. If the dog left the indicated place, punish him without permission. It is not necessary to beat with your hands, as dog handlers say - you will beat off your hands, because the body of a dog is less sensitive to pain than a human one. Better in a strict voice, order "place!" and reinforce the words with a blow of the leash. After following the instructions, praise and give a treat.
"Fas!" This command is best taught to the dog after you have achieved complete obedience from him, and it is best to do this in a special training center. There, as a rule, there is the necessary equipment - protective suits and bandages. In addition, in this case, you will need the help of a volunteer assistant. Training should begin when the dog has grown and grown stronger physically. Approximately 10-12 months.