Why are there many clots during menstruation. What means can be used to stop heavy periods with blood clots. Video: Abundant periods with endometriosis

During menstruation, almost every woman has blood clots. They are often accompanied by prolonged and painful bleeding, but doctors believe that this is normal. However, when a woman has too strong clots during her period, this can be a sign of a gynecological disease, and how to distinguish a deviation from the norm, let's try to figure it out.

Why do clots come out during menstruation?

During the menstrual cycle, the walls of the uterus thicken in preparation for fertilization. If pregnancy does not occur before menstruation, then the endometrial layer is rejected, which is accompanied by bleeding. During menstruation, the body loses up to 250 ml of blood, but if blood loss is a larger volume, then this is considered an excess of the norm. With strong secretions, blood clots are formed, which in essence are small blood clots.

Causes of menstrual clots

If during menstruation a large number of large clots form, then this is a reason to contact a gynecologist. After the examination, the doctor will identify their cause, because there may be several possible pathologies:

bending of the uterus;
blood clots;
uterine fibroids;
endometriosis;
diseases of the pelvic organs;
abnormal development of the uterus;
hormonal imbalance;
blood clotting disorder.

Myoma

Myoma is a benign tumor that develops in violation of the hormonal background. Due to myomatous nodes, the area of the endometrium increases, so the uterus is enlarged, and during heavy periods, clots are released, the patient is worried about pain during urination or defecation. The peak of the disease comes at 35-50 years, and is usually diagnosed in women of reproductive age.

Usually, fibroids do not give pronounced symptoms and are detected during a medical examination. Vivid symptoms mean that the size of the fibroids is large, therefore, surgical intervention is required. But there are some symptoms that should alert a woman:

Prolonged and profuse menstruation.
Large blood clots with mucus.
Pain in the lower back and lower abdomen.
Violation of the function of the organs of the gastrointestinal tract or urinary tract.

endometriosis

Large blood clots can cause endometriosis, when the endometrium that lines the inside of the uterus grows too large, affecting the internal organs. The cause of dense endometriosis is multiple abortions, iron deficiency, obesity, hormonal disorders or genetic predisposition. The symptoms of endometriosis are so diverse that sometimes even the most experienced gynecologists are misled. However, there are also pronounced symptoms:

pain symptoms in the lumbar girdle or lower abdomen;
during menstruation, strong blood clots and menstrual irregularities;
infertility;
intoxication: vomiting, weakness, chills, sometimes fever.

Anomaly in the development of the uterus

Abundant periods with blood clots occur if a woman has a congenital anomaly of the uterus. This disease occurs in 2% of women, and plays a decisive role in whether they can have children. Sometimes a woman with such a pathology manages to conceive and give birth, but pregnancy and childbirth take place with complications: miscarriages are often observed at different times. Abnormal structures of the uterus:

bicornuate;
saddle;
unicorn;
with a partition;
agenesis;
complete doubling.

Saddle-shaped and bicornuate uterus are common. In the first case, the part of the organ under the upper arch does not have a convex, but a bottom squeezed inward, in which partitions are formed. With this anomaly, it is possible to bear a fetus, but partitions usually cause many problems. As for the bicornuate organ, there are 2 cavities in it, connecting in the center or near the neck. Learn more about the bicornuate uterus in the video:

Pelvic disease

Inflammatory processes in the female pelvic organs include any combination of pelvic peritonitis, endometritis, tubo-ovarian abscess, or salpingitis. Usually these diseases are sexually transmitted, but can also be formed by microorganisms of the vaginal microflora. Inflammatory processes are diagnosed on the basis of complaints and clinical examination. Treatment of diseases is carried out with the use of conservative therapy, depending on the clinical form of the disease.

Violation of the blood coagulation system

The hemocoagulation system (blood clotting) activates the fibrinogen dissolved in the blood plasma and forms fibrin thrombi in the blood vessels that stop any bleeding. Various vascular or blood diseases lead to blood clotting disorders, which manifest themselves in the form of unreasonable bruises, bleeding that does not stop with injuries or heavy periods with blood clots in women.

Hormonal imbalance in the body

Hormones are produced by the ovaries, pituitary gland, adrenal glands, pancreas and thyroid gland. The totality of all hormones is responsible for women's health. If the body lacks any type of hormones, then the following deviations begin:

failure of the menstrual cycle, as well as blood clots and heavy discharge during menstruation;
sudden weight loss or vice versa, overweight;
indigestion;
swelling of the mammary gland;
development of tumors;
prostration.

There are many reasons for hormonal imbalance. For example, in adolescents, this is a temporary physiological process associated with the development of the body. And in women, hormonal storms occur after childbirth, after a missed period or after a miscarriage, during pregnancy, during menopause, or during breastfeeding. Also, the cause of hormonal failure easily becomes malnutrition, bad habits or chronic fatigue.

When should you visit a doctor?

If you are planning a pregnancy, then blood clots during your period should be a cause for concern. The appearance of clots indicates the impossibility of the fetal egg to attach to the uterus. If during menstruation not only clots appeared, but also aching pain in the lower abdomen, then you need to visit a gynecologist in any case: whether you are planning a pregnancy or not.

Treatment

Treatment of gynecological pathologies involves the correct diagnosis. The examination includes MRI, ultrasound of the pelvic organs, laboratory and cytological studies. If the diagnosis does not show anything serious, then the doctor will prescribe iron-containing drugs that will restore the low level of hemoglobin from blood loss during menstruation. In other cases, either conservative treatment or surgical intervention is prescribed if the situation is especially neglected.

The nature of menstruation depends on many factors: general health, individual characteristics of the body, age-related changes in hormonal levels. With various diseases of the reproductive system, significant deviations from the norm occur. It is important to pay attention to the appearance of unusual signs in time. If menstruation is heavy, with clots, there are accompanying symptoms that cause discomfort, this indicates a serious pathology. But at the same time, clots in menstrual flow can be normal.

If there are few of them, and the volume of menstruation does not exceed 80-100 ml, then, most likely, the formation of clots is caused by natural causes. Normal periods last no more than 5-6 days and are not too painful, and the discharge does not have an unpleasant odor.

The appearance of clots in normal secretions can occur in the following cases:

In the uterine cavity there are adhesions, scars that disrupt the outflow of mucus and menstrual blood. Stagnant blood coagulates and is sometimes excreted from the uterus in the form of lumps.
There are congenital disorders of the shape or position of the uterus (for example, the bend of the cervix, the presence of partitions in the cavity), which contributes to the formation of blood clots.
The blood has an increased viscosity (this condition occurs, for example, with insufficient fluid intake, the predominance of protein products in the diet, with diseases of the liver, kidneys, and blood vessels).
The woman sits or lies for a long time. Blood and mucus accumulate and thicken, and on rising there is a copious discharge with lumps of mucus.
Blood clotting increases as a result of taking medications - coagulants (for nosebleeds, for example) or hormonal drugs. This helps to reduce the duration and intensity of bleeding, but leads to the formation of blood clots in the secretions.
A contraceptive coil is installed in the uterine cavity, which contributes to the formation of blood clots in the menstrual blood.
A woman has an interruption of a just-begun pregnancy (at 1-2 weeks). After a short delay, abundant long periods appear with clots of unevenly exfoliated endometrium.

The norm is the appearance of lumps during the first menstruation after an abortionwhen the secretions may contain remnants of the fetal egg. The hormonal shift that occurs in the body after an abortion and childbirth is the reason that menstruation becomes plentiful. Hormones also affect the production of enzymes that regulate blood clotting.

At various periods of a woman's life, associated with a natural change in the hormonal background (development of the reproductive system, the onset of sexual activity, menopause), deviations in the nature of menstruation are also possible. Scanty discharge may alternate with abundant. The appearance of lumps is explained by a change in the structure of the mucous membranes.

The appearance of deviations in the nature of menstruation is facilitated by hypothermia, malnutrition, and bad habits.

Addition: Alcohol increases blood viscosity. After its accumulation in the blood, menstruation may contain large blood clots.

Video: Why blood clots form during menstruation

Causes of pathological heavy menstruation with clots

Abundant and prolonged discharge of blood during menstruation can cause iron deficiency anemia. A large loss of blood leads to a decrease in hemoglobin levels, that is, to a lack of oxygen supply to the cells of the body. Symptoms of this dangerous condition are dizziness and headache, loss of strength, pallor, and low blood pressure. This inevitably affects the production of hormones, as well as the work of the hematopoietic organs, which leads to a violation of the uniformity of the composition of monthly secretions, the appearance of clots in them.

Pathological heavy periods with clots can be a symptom of various hormonal disorders and diseases of the reproductive organs.

Signs of pathology

The fact that abundant menstruation of a heterogeneous consistency are pathological can be judged by the following signs:

In addition to increased blood loss during menstruation, bleeding or brown spotting is observed in the intervals between them.
Periods come too often (cycle duration less than 21 days) or too late (later than 35 days). It is possible to alternate long and short cycles.
Blood loss is 100-150 ml or more.
The duration of menstruation is 8 or more days.
Blood secretions have a pungent odor, they contain impurities of purulent mucus.
Menstruation is accompanied by severe pain in the lower abdomen.

Only after a gynecological examination and ultrasound, the doctor will be able to say what caused heavy periods.

Diseases that cause abnormal menstruation

The appearance of thick impurities in the menstrual flow may be due to the abnormal development of the endometrium, which is updated with each menstrual cycle. The reason for their formation is also damage to tissues and blood vessels, the formation of obstacles to the exit of secretions from the uterus.

Myoma of the uterus. This benign tumor develops in the muscles of the uterine wall, can grow in the direction of its outer membranes. If it fills the uterine cavity, then various cycle disorders occur. The cause is compression and damage to blood vessels, stretching of the uterus. The tumor blocks the exit from the cavity to the neck, which leads to the formation of blood clots. Abundant periods with blood clots, as well as an increase in the abdomen and pulling pains below the navel are characteristic signs of fibroids.

hyperplasia of the endometrium. The result of a hormonal failure in the body, as well as damage to the endometrium during an abortion or curettage, is a violation of its development and structure. The mucous membrane thickens, swells, its uneven exfoliation occurs. At the same time, dense particles appear in menstruation. Increased blood loss from broken vessels.

Endometriosis. The disease is associated with an increase in the volume of the endometrium inside the cavity, its germination in the tubes and ovaries, neck, and peritoneal area. In this case, all processes of the menstrual cycle are violated. Menses become profuse, come irregularly, contain particles of destroyed tissues.

Polyps in the cavity and cervix. These neoplasms are growths on the inner walls. They are easily injured when the endometrium leaves the uterus during menstruation. The volume of bloody secretions increases, they contain particles of collapsing tissues.

Cervical erosion. Damage to the mucous membranes in the area of the cervical canal and at the entrance to the vagina leads to the appearance of sores and microcracks in this area. The cause of cervical erosion is its damage during childbirth, abortion, curettage of the uterine cavity. The wounds may fester. Bacteria easily penetrate the internal genital organs, causing inflammation. All this leads to a violation of the cycle and the appearance of heavy periods with clots.

Infectious diseases of the genital organs. They lead to the occurrence of inflammatory processes that cause a violation of the structure of the uterine cavity. In addition, microorganisms secrete substances that, entering the bloodstream, can change its acidity and viscosity. This causes the formation of clots.

Warning: Heavy bleeding with clots can be a sign of cancer in the uterus. Therefore, if there is a clear malaise with clots in menstruation, it is necessary to immediately undergo a gynecological examination.

The cause of pathological discharge during menstruation may be improper metabolism, diabetes mellitus, disruption of the pituitary gland, thyroid gland and other organs of the endocrine system.

Video: Abundant periods with endometriosis

What to do with menstruation with clots

If there are obvious signs of pathology, then you need to contact a gynecologist. You may need to consult an endocrinologist, an oncologist. If the blood loss is too great, there are large clots, and the discharge is bright red, you need to call an ambulance. Uterine bleeding can sometimes be stopped only by complete removal of the endometrium. It is unacceptable to self-medicate, use home remedies to stop bleeding.

The menstrual cycle, as well as the density of secretions during critical days, depends on many criteria, including the general condition of the woman's body, its individual characteristics and age-related changes in hormonal balance. With any, first of all, one should be wary of various ailments of the genital area. If clots appeared during menstruation, the discharge became more abundant, in addition, discomfort and other unpleasant symptoms arose, then their causes in most cases will be pathological. If large seals of the uterine mucosa in menstrual flow appear without additional signs, then this may well be a variant of the norm.

In this article, we will just get comprehensive information about why blood clots come out during menstruation, what it is in principle, and for which symptoms you should not panic, and in which cases a gynecologist's consultation is necessary.

How are periods

It is customary to call the period between the rules, that is, the time from the beginning of one period to the beginning of others. Normally, it can last 28-31 days. In all women, the duration of the menstrual cycle is purely individual and may differ with age. At a younger age, the cycle is more regular, because it is controlled by the sex hormones produced in the body.

The beginning of the cycle is characterized by the maturation of the follicle and the renewal of the inner mucous layer of the uterus, while pieces of tissue (endometrium) and menstrual blood come out for three to seven days. The next period of the menstrual cycle is accompanied by compaction of the endometrium and preparation of the follicle for rupture, this is the so-called proliferation phase, which lasts until the middle of the cycle, that is, until the follicle ruptures and the egg is released.

For some time, the germ cell is in the fallopian tube in anticipation of fertilization, but if there were no favorable conditions, and conception did not occur, then the production of sex hormones decreases, and the uterus begins to reject the inner membrane. Thus, menstruation begins, and with it a new menstrual cycle. Normally, during menstruation, no more than 200 ml of blood with particles of the endometrium and mucous tissue should be released.

During menstruation, the body increases the production of special enzymes that slow down blood clotting and act as an anticoagulant. If , then an insufficient amount of such enzymes is not able to cope with its task, which is why large clots appear. If a piece of endometrium up to 0.1 m long comes out with a glandular structure and a maroon hue and with a metal smell, then in this case it is not gentle to worry. If there is a temperature, pain syndrome or huge clots, such discharge is very dangerous and requires immediate contact with a gynecologist.

Normally, large clots should not cause concern for a woman in such cases:

age up to 18 years;
if more than a month has not passed since the birth of the baby;
if in the recent past there was an abortion, miscarriage, gynecological surgery or uterine curettage;
when using intrauterine methods of contraception;
with a congenital abnormal form of the uterus.

When clots, is it normal?

In the absence of pathological processes, the secretions of regula have a mucous uniform consistency and a dark red hue. A variant of the norm can be small blood clots during menstruation and pieces of the uterine epithelium, but only in cases where the total amount of discharge during the period of menstruation does not exceed 80-100 ml, there are no painful sensations, an unpleasant odor, and their duration does not exceed a week.

Consider why menstruation goes in clots in the absence of additional pathological symptoms:

menstrual blood coagulates and leaves the uterus in lumps in cases where there are scars and adhesions inside the organ that prevent the normal outflow of secretions;
the cause of clots during menstruation can be congenital bends or partitions in the uterus or its neck;
if a woman violates the drinking regimen, protein products predominate in her diet, or diseases of the kidneys, liver or blood vessels are diagnosed, then the blood may have increased viscosity, which can cause clots in the regulation;
clots during menstruation occur in women who are in the same position for a long time. Blood accumulates, becomes thicker, and when you change your posture, blood clots come out;
coagulant drugs, as well as hormonal agents that reduce the duration and intensity of bleeding in the body, such as nasal ones, can also cause the formation of blood clots during menstruation. As a side effect, during menstruation, due to these medications, blood clotting increases, and menstruation goes in pieces;
the intrauterine device, which serves as a method of contraception, can also cause menstruation with blood clots;
if a spontaneous abortion occurs in the first weeks of pregnancy, then after a short delay, bleeding appears with clots, which represent an unevenly separated endometrium;

It is quite normal when clots are observed in the discharge, this may mean that the remnants of the fetal egg come out. Also, the cause of abundant regulation after an abortion or childbirth is hormonal imbalance. In addition, hormones regulate the production of enzymes that are responsible for blood clotting.

Menstruation with large clots can characterize various periods in a woman's life, such as the onset of puberty, the first sexual experience, or the onset. During these periods of time, there may be an alternation of meager and abundant secretions. If large clots come out after the daub, it means that there is a change in the structure of the mucous membranes.

In menstrual flow, pieces of blood may appear after hypothermia of the body, with physical exhaustion and the presence of bad habits.

Pathological causes

There are pathological causes of menstruation with blood clots, consider the most common of them.

Hormonal failure due to diseases of the thyroid gland, adrenal glands, brain and pituitary gland. In this case, the regularity of the cycle may be disturbed, as well as menstruation with brown clots.
Uterine fibroids is a benign tumor, which is accompanied by disruptions in the menstrual cycle and large blood clots during regular periods.
Endometrial hyperplasia is a pathological growth of the inner uterine layer caused by arterial hypertension, excessive body weight, diabetes mellitus and hormonal disruptions. This disease is characterized by the presence of black clots in the regulation.
Menstruation with clots can also appear with endometrial polyposis, when there is a point growth of the inner uterine layer, and with this disease there are severe pains in the lower abdomen.
Menstruation with pieces can go with endometriosis, a pathological growth of the inner layer of the uterus beyond its limits. In such cases, the critical days drag on for a longer period, become irregular and painful, and also more abundant.
With blood pathologies that disrupt its coagulability, menstrual flow can clot in the uterine cavity.
The appearance of clots in the regulation is accompanied by infectious diseases, and body temperature may also rise with them. An example is SARS, influenza.
Genetic abnormalities in uterine development. These include intrauterine septa, bends, one or two-horned uterus, etc. The reason for the formation of large clots is the stagnation of secretions in the uterine cavity, the shape of which is changed. Usually with such pathologies.
With an ectopic location of the fetus, brown clots are released during menstruation against the background of fever and severe pain in the lower abdomen.
Infectious diseases of the pelvic organs cause inflammation in the uterine cavity, which changes the structure of its inner layer. Bacteria also poison the blood with products of their vital activity, which change the viscosity and acidity of menstrual flow, causing the formation of clots.
Malignant tumors can cause not just regular, but heavy bleeding, therefore, if a general malaise appears against the background of the release of large clots during menstruation, you should immediately go to a specialist.
Stagnation of blood in the uterus and copious clots in menstrual flow can cause varicose veins of the small pelvis.
An excess of vitamin B.

Any of the above reasons for the appearance of clots in menstrual flow is a reason to visit a gynecologist.

Signs of pathologies

If a woman during menstruation usually has a homogeneous consistency, and at the onset of the next regulation a large clot came out, this should alert her anyway. But there are signs, in the manifestation of which you should immediately seek help from a doctor:

if there is not only menstruation with clots, but also dark smearing or white curdled discharge between critical days;
with a too short or too long menstrual cycle, when, than after 21 days or less often than after 35. It is also abnormal when the cycle is irregular and long intervals alternate with short ones;
when it exceeds 150-180 ml;
if menstruation lasts more than 8 days;
if menstruation is too dark, rotten or rotten fish, and also contains impurities of pus or white discharge;
if there is severe, unbearable pain in the lower abdomen.

In such cases, it is possible to determine why the pieces come out during menstruation only after a gynecological examination and ultrasound of the pelvic organs. If necessary, the doctor may prescribe other tests and studies.

Treatment

If menstruation comes with clots of bright scarlet color, and at the same time there is a huge blood loss, you should immediately call for emergency care. This may not be menstruation, but uterine bleeding, which is eliminated by the complete removal of the endometrium.

In the presence of secretions in the form of clots, what you definitely do not need to do is self-medicate and use folk remedies to stop blood loss. Only a doctor can determine the cause of abnormal discharge and prescribe adequate treatment. In some cases, an additional consultation with an endocrinologist may be necessary if the gynecologist suspects the presence of hormonal disorders in the body. And the presence of neoplasms in the uterine cavity may require a visit to an oncologist.

When using conservative therapy, the task is to compensate for the lack of iron in the body caused by large blood loss. For this, vitamins and a special diet are prescribed, in which foods with a high iron content predominate in the diet. Bed rest is also indicated and medication may be prescribed to stop bleeding.

In severe situations, in the presence of internal partitions, neoplasms or pathologies of the endometrium, surgical intervention, such as curettage or hysteroresectoscopy, may be necessary. The most radical method of treatment, which is used at the very last moment, is the complete removal of the uterus and appendages. This technique is used for malignant tumors in a neglected state, mainly for women who have already left the reproductive age.

Thus, if critical days are accompanied by the appearance of clots that do not bring pain or discomfort, then this may well be a variant of the norm. If the discharge is too large and accompanied by pain, pungent odor and temperature, do not waste time that can be used for treatment, but immediately consult a doctor. Preventive gynecological examinations will allow timely detection of a disease of the reproductive system and prevent its development.

It happens that in women, in addition to menstruation, discharge in the form of blood clots appears in a certain period, they are able to react to this in different ways. Some take this symptom for granted, others go to gynecology so as not to expose their body to any danger. You should not worry if you find rare blood clots.

Get an examination by a gynecologist to find out the likelihood of a connection between the symptom that has appeared and other diseases.

During the period of menstruation, if you notice blood clots once, this is not a reason for unrest. It's just that in the uterus, the epidermis detaches from its walls - a process of physiology provided for by nature. During menstruation, blood clots are released during the formation of a pathological septum.

There may be a bend in the cervix, which is an obstacle to the natural exit of blood. As a result, blood clotting occurs in the inside of the uterus, which becomes clots. Under this circumstance, it is especially important that they not only accumulate in the inner part, but subsequently come out.

Deviations

The deviation presented above is able to detect the gynecologist during the standard examination of the patient. If it turns out that the doctor does not detect such an anomaly, and clotted discharge will be repeated during menstruation, this can indicate anemia. It can also talk about itself with menstrual flow of an abundant nature. Under this circumstance, a woman should be attentive to the amount of blood excreted from the body.

There is nothing difficult in determining the mass of secretions. In one day, it should be 80 g. To quantify the contents of a sanitary napkin, you should find out its weight while it is not used, and then determine its weight with menstrual contents. As a result, sum all the values obtained per day, this will be the desired weight. Which will also make it clear what is the likelihood of anemia.

Menses with clots

There are cases when menstruation with the release of clots is the cause of anemia, based on a lack of iron in the body. As a result, we can talk about iron deficiency anemia. If we take into account scientific studies, then the allocation of clots is somehow associated with a lack of iron. So when iron deficiency is normalized, then there will be no more blood clots during menstruation. Just do not use iron-containing preparations at the first appearance of clots.

What answer can be given to women who are concerned about the release of clots during menstruation? Ladies should not forget that during active actions, blood from the vagina enters more intensively and in large volumes. And during a relaxed state, sitting or lying down, the exit process slows down. This is what creates anxiety for a woman when she gets up very quickly from a lying state. If in such cases there is a release of clots, then this is the norm. Great importance should be attached to clotted blood when they are accompanied by pain.

The formation of menstrual clots is abundant. The emerging situation is not even iron deficiency anemia, it is much more dangerous. Watching menstrual flow, you need to pay attention to this.

The important features are:

Pain in the abdomen, causing anxiety;
The highlights change color;
The occurrence of an unpleasant odor;
Profuse menstrual flow of blood.

During a medical examination: colposcopy, ultrasound, examination with a mirror, when the above signs are absent, but there are clots, then adenomyosis can be diagnosed in gynecology.

When a woman discovers a brown discharge with clots, it makes her worry. Unrest is insignificant if brown discharge during menstruation appears when menstruation is just beginning, or when they are already ending. But if such discharge is menstruation itself or during menstruation, then immediately contact a gynecologist. The cause of this irregularity in the menstrual cycle may be an infection or the presence of an ectopic pregnancy. In addition, it will not be superfluous to take tests for hormones in the body, this can exclude the presence of hormonal failures.

Even when there is a pregnancy, brown menstruation with clots is possible. The cause of their occurrence is a hematoma, which is formed in the area of the internal pharynx. If a pregnant woman does not lift the slightest weight, she may be able to bear her child until the very end of her pregnancy. But we should not forget that brown discharge should not be plentiful. So if they increase, see a doctor immediately.

Blood clots also occur in the postpartum period. But they end after three weeks or, in some cases, after a month. If this does not happen, you will have to deal with the elimination of the placenta that remains after childbirth. Contraceptives or the result after the establishment of the "spiral" may contribute to this sign. For a woman, this should mean that this form of pregnancy prevention is extremely unsuitable for her, and it must be removed from the uterus.

One of the reasons when a woman has menstruation, which go in clots after sexual intercourse, may be erosion. For clarification, you should contact the gynecology, due to which it will be possible to find out the presence or absence of other diseases in the genitourinary system.

These include pathologies of the uterus, such as:

endometrial hyperplasia- this is the growth of uterine tissue due to dysfunction of the sex glands. There are several varieties of this disease, and they can lead to endometrial cancer. And as a result - the likelihood of infertility. Symptoms include abnormal bleeding between periods, long periods of two to three weeks, heavy menstrual periods, anemia, and obesity. Be aware that smeared discharge indicates polyposis, and blood shows the presence of glandular hyperplasia and adenomatosis. Endometrial hyperplasia can affect both young women of reproductive age and older menopausal women.
uterine fibroids- a benign tumor of the smooth muscles of the uterus, which regulates the growth of sex hormones. It occupies about a quarter of gynecological diseases of women who go to the doctor. Women 30-50 years of age suffer most from this disease. Symptoms include heavy menstrual periods, pain in the lower abdomen and lower back, and bleeding between periods.
Polyp- benign growth on the mucous membrane. Polyps can be the result of an infection resulting from chronic inflammation, which is an abnormal response to an increase in estrogen and a buildup of blood vessels in the cervical canal. What causes it is not always possible to say with certainty. There is an asymptomatic origin of polyps.

Symptoms include vaginal bleeding:

Between periods;
After intercourse;
After the menopause.

A polyp in the cervix can be inflamed, but rarely can become infectious. Then there is a yellow or white discharge from the vagina. A polyp in the cervix is usually seen in women over the age of twenty who have had multiple pregnancies. Polyps are most often first discovered during the next examination by a gynecologist. Standardly, one polyp develops, but sometimes two or three can be found. Elimination of the polyp can occur during a gynecological examination with special forceps, if it is transparent and does not bleed. Bleeding is removed surgically and under general anesthesia.

Endometriosis is a disease in which endometrial cells (the lining of the uterus) grow outside the uterus, on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, intestines, bladder, or other abdominal organs. The first signal to see a doctor will be manifestations as the release of blood clots. If you start this process, it can contribute to infertility. To determine endometriosis, a thorough examination and high-class equipment are necessary; fortunately, such equipment is available in gynecology. Also, one of its manifestations is pain during menstruation and after it ends.

Depending on which area is affected, the treatment of this disease will depend. Sometimes the doctor prescribes a course to restore the balance of hormones to the patient, which often turns out to be ineffective. In such circumstances, specific surgical interventions are used. During the operation, endometriosis nodes are removed, and as a result, there is a high probability that everything will work out, including menstruation.

Diverse phytopreparations are intensively used in the treatment of the nodes described above. In addition, it does not hurt to use them if the clotted secretions have increased in abundance, due to which anemia has manifested itself. Before the onset of menstruation, approximately two or three days in advance, decoctions of cinquefoil, yarrow or nettle should be taken. It is necessary to apply 50 g of one of the decoctions in three approaches per day. Including water pepper or red viburnum is suitable for this procedure.

Any changes during menstruation cause anxiety in women. Almost everyone has experienced such a phenomenon as blood clots during menstruation. The reasons for this can be different - from completely harmless to serious diseases that require the intervention of doctors.

What happens during menstruation?

Every month, regardless of a woman's desire, her uterus prepares to receive a fertilized egg. Under the influence of hormones, the inner layer of the uterus - the endometrium - begins to thicken. If pregnancy does not occur, the level of hormones decreases, the blood supply to the mucous membrane of the inner surface of the uterus stops, the endometrium is rejected and excreted through the genital tract. Thus, menstrual flow is a complex mixture of blood, mucus, endometrial particles, and vaginal cells.

Blood clots during menstruation are normal

Such a phenomenon during menstruation does not always indicate the presence of pathology. It is possible that menstruation is normal, and you should not worry. As you know, these days there is a death and withdrawal of the endometrium, which becomes loose and thick during the cycle. That is, the menstrual flow itself is not liquid, since it consists not only of blood, but also of the tissues of the inner lining of the uterus and glandular secretions. In addition, their consistency and color change every day.

Usually, during menstruation, blood clots come out immediately, as soon as a woman gets out of bed after sleeping or from a chair after a long sitting. This is due to the fact that the blood in the uterus, when lying or sitting, stagnates and begins to coagulate, forming clots. As soon as the woman gets up, they go outside, and this is not a deviation from the norm.

In order for menstrual flow to come out more easily, special anticoagulant enzymes inhibit blood clotting. If the bleeding is heavy, the enzymes cannot do their job and some of the blood coagulates in the vagina. That's why it comes out in clumps.

The reasons

One of the reasons for the appearance of large clots in menstrual flow is endometrial hyperplasia.

Possible causes of blood clots during menstruation are various diseases and conditions. These include the following:

Hormonal imbalance. In case of malfunction of the endocrine glands, the cycle is disturbed, which is manifested by strong brown discharge with clots during menstruation.
Myoma of the uterus. This is a benign tumor in which there is a violation of the menstrual cycle. In this case, the discharge, as a rule, is abundant, the blood can come out in large clots.
hyperplasia of the endometrium. With this pathology, the inner layer of the uterus grows, which may be due to hypertension, obesity, diabetes, hormonal imbalance. In this case, dark large clots come out during menstruation.
Polyposis of the endometrium. With this disease, the inner layer lining the uterine cavity grows, similar to the formation of polyps. In this regard, menstruation with blood clots is possible, pain may appear in the lower abdomen.
For a month after giving birth, a woman may experience huge clots that come out with the blood, which is normal. You need to consult a doctor if the temperature rises: it is possible that fragments of the placenta remain in the genital organ.
Intrauterine device. If there is a foreign body in the uterus during menstruation, blood clots may be released.
Endometriosis. It is characterized by the growth of the endometrium outside the inner layer of the uterus. At the same time, periods become painful, longer, irregular, and the amount of blood released increases.
Violation of the functioning of the blood coagulation system. It begins to coagulate in the cavity of the reproductive organ, since the factors that prevent hemocoagulation do not work.
Clots can appear during the period of infectious diseases, accompanied by fever, for example, with SARS.
Malformations of the uterus. As a rule, they are genetically determined. These are pathologies such as an intrauterine septum, a bend of the uterus, a double or unicornuate uterus, and others. The formation of clots with such anomalies is explained by the fact that the exit of menstrual blood from the uterus is difficult due to the pathological structure of the organ, and coagulation begins in its cavity. In women with such defects, menstruation is usually quite painful.
Ectopic pregnancy. With this pathology, brown discharge, high fever, severe abdominal pain are possible.
Abundant discharge of blood with clots can be observed in infectious diseases of the pelvic organs.
The cause of such secretions may be an excess of vitamin B in the body.

When to see a doctor?

If large clots appear during menstruation, you should consult a gynecologist, especially if the discharge is heavy, prolonged and accompanied by pain

You should not worry if menstruation occurs regularly, there are no pains or they are moderate.

It is necessary to go to the gynecologist about clots during menstruation in such situations:

Menstruation lasts more than a week, the discharge is profuse.
Pregnancy is planned and attempts at conception are being made. In this case, the discharge may indicate that the egg was rejected and a miscarriage occurred.
Discharge during menstruation contains large clots with an unpleasant odor.
A woman experiences severe pain during menstruation. This may be a sign of inflammatory processes or hormonal disorders.

Finally

Small clots that come out during menstruation are normal. Each woman is very sensitive to any changes occurring in the body, and will immediately notice if the nature of the discharge has changed. If the bleeding is heavy, the clots are large, there are a lot of them, moreover, they are accompanied by painful sensations that were not previously observed, you must definitely make an appointment with a gynecologist and be examined.