At what time does ovulation occur? On what day of the cycle can you ovulate early? Does it affect conception

With a cycle of 28 days, in a normal state of the body, it occurs on the 14th day after the onset of menstruation. It is the first day of menstruation that is considered to be the countdown of a new period. In this article, we will look at the rules for calculating fertile days and methods for determining ovulation.

A cycle of 28 days is considered ideal from the point of view of science.

It's pretty easy with him. The thing is that the cycle is divided into two main phases, the first of which can vary in duration, and the second is always two weeks.

Therefore, to find out the day the egg is released, it is worth subtracting 14 from 28.

On what day of the cycle does ovulation occur? Most likely, it will burst on the 14th day after the start of menstruation, and a viable and ready-to-fertilize egg will come out of it.

Calculation of the day of ovulation using an example: menstruation was on November 20, and the next one began on December 17. Therefore, ovulation occurred on December 3rd.

For the purpose of conception, December 1,2,3 and 4 will be favorable days. This is because spermatozoa are able to maintain their activity for 2-3 days.

Perhaps they will wait until the egg is released and fertilize it. If sexual intercourse occurs after ovulation, then it is worth remembering that the egg lives for 24 hours.

Reference: If the conception did not materialize, then it will collapse in. In two weeks, the woman will begin a new menstrual cycle. In the event of a successful fertilization process, the zygote descends into the uterus, is fixed there for 6-12 days and pregnancy occurs. At the time of gestation, the baby does not produce eggs.

At the same time, you need to remember that ovulation does not always occur. There may be several cycles a year without it. With the return, their number is growing, so after 35 years there are less and less chances to conceive and give birth to a child without problems.

Methods for determining ovulation

There are many methods for determining ovulation. The most common of them are the following:

1. condition .

Feel

So, if you carefully listen to yourself, you can feel the approach or onset of ovulation.

There are eight main signs that will help you correctly determine the day of rupture of the follicle without going to the doctor:

1. . The amount and nature of secretion from the vagina varies greatly. It becomes more viscous, reminiscent of raw egg white;
2. in start to appear drawing pains, is not excluded . This discomfort is associated with the rupture of the follicular capsule and the release of the egg. Often during this period, a lady is worried about excessive gas formation;
3. appearance of blood. Sometimes it is her woman who sees together a transparent discharge;
4. . Her sensitivity increases due to hormonal changes;
5. increased sex drive. Many women say that they want to have an intimate relationship with a partner. Perhaps this is due to the fact that they are afraid to miss the moment favorable for conception;
6. change olfactory and gustatory addictions.

At the same time, not all ladies can notice these symptoms. If this situation occurs, other methods must be used.

Basal temperature

It is measured every morning, without getting out of bed, in the rectum. It is recommended to have a separate thermometer for this procedure and keep it next to the bed. All indicators must be recorded in a separate notebook or notepad, and then charted according to them. When it jumps sharply above 37 degrees, this will indicate about the onset of ovulation.

This method is free and very common, but it requires a high level of self-organization.

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It holds many mysteries. And it is sometimes very difficult for an ordinary person to deal with all of them. Therefore, in this article I want to talk in detail about the cycle. The norm and deviations will also be described later.

Understanding concepts

First of all, I want to define the concepts themselves in order to fully understand what is at stake. So, the monthly (or more correctly - the menstrual) cycle is a special physiological process that is characteristic exclusively for the female body (sexually mature person). It has a regular nature, affects mainly the reproductive system. All these processes are controlled by hormones that produce the ovaries, as well as the brain.

When does a woman's menstrual cycle begin to form? The norm is the time of puberty for a girl. This happens on average at 11-14 years. The menstrual cycle disappears in women with the onset of menopause (most often it comes at the age of 45-55). This is a normal physiological process, as a result of which a woman already becomes unable to conceive and bear a baby. The external manifestation of the menstrual cycle is spotting, or menstruation.

How to count?

Not all women know how to correctly calculate their female cycle. So, first of all, it is worth saying that it is necessary to start counting from the first day of spotting, to finish - the last day before a new menstruation. Ideally, the monthly cycle is 28 days. But this is not the case for all women. The norm is also considered a deviation from this figure in one week. That is, if a lady's cycle lasts within 21-35 days, there is nothing to worry about. If not, you should definitely consult a doctor for qualified advice. It is also important to remember that the cycle should be regular. If one month it has 25 days, and the second - 32 - this is not normal. Variations are possible within 1-3 days. Otherwise, again, you need to contact a gynecologist for advice and search for reasons.

Nuances

1. Ovulation (translated from Latin as "egg"). This is one of the processes of the menstrual cycle. At this time, the follicle ruptures, and the egg comes out of it, completely ready for fertilization.
2. Menstruation. Occurs approximately 12-15 days after ovulation. This is spotting, with which, as unnecessary (if pregnancy has not occurred), exfoliated endometrium comes out.

Phases

The phases of the menstrual cycle - that's what else needs to be said in this article. So, this issue can be approached in different ways. According to one version, there are only two phases of the menstrual cycle:

1. Folliculin.
2. Luteal (secretory, or phase of the corpus luteum).

Why is there such a division? It's all the fault of hormones, which in a certain period are dominant in the reproductive organs of the female body. You can often see information that there are two more phases of the monthly cycle:

1. phase of menstruation.
2. ovulation phase.

However, most scientists believe that it is not entirely correct to single them out in terms of hormonal levels. However, it is believed that they more clearly show the processes occurring in the ovaries and uterus. In addition, these phases are very important during pregnancy planning, so they cannot be completely excluded. All four phases will be discussed below.

First phase: menstruation

The normal cycle of menstruation begins with the first phase, which is calculated from the first day of spotting. These are the so-called menses. At this time, the previously rejected endometrium is released along with the blood. This process can also be called preparation for receiving a new egg. As for the duration, this phase has only 3 to 6 days. It ends even before the end of bleeding in women. What else is important to say when studying the cycle of menstruation? How much blood should a girl normally produce? No more than 80 ml for the entire period of menstruation. If a woman changes pads or tampons more than 10 times a day, this is a reason to see a doctor. You should also seek help if spotting has been going on for a week or more.

Possible problems

What problems can arise in this phase?

1. Amenorrhea (the prefix "a" means no). This is the complete absence of bleeding. However, this diagnosis can only be made if a similar phenomenon has been observed for six months.
2. Algodysmenorrhea (the prefix "algo" means pain). These are painful periods when a woman feels very ill. At this time, the work capacity of the lady is sharply reduced.
3. Menorrhagia. It's too much bleeding. This diagnosis can be made if a woman's menstruation lasts more than 7 days or the amount of discharge is more than 80 ml.

Second phase: follicular

We study further the monthly cycle. The norm is when the second phase in a woman lasts about two weeks after the completion of spotting. At this time, the woman's brain begins to send certain impulses, under the influence of which the follicle-stimulating hormone is actively produced, and follicles grow in the ovaries. Gradually, a dominant follicle is formed, which will be a haven in the future. At the same time, a woman's body is actively producing a hormone such as estrogen. He's working on updating the lining of the uterus. Also, this hormone affects the cervical mucus so much that it becomes immune to sperm.

Problems

Violation of the cycle of menstruation in the second phase can cause various stresses and diseases. In this case, the third phase of the female cycle will come a little later than usual.

Phase three: ovulation

This is the middle of the monthly cycle. At this point, there is a restructuring of hormones in the female body. The level of FSH, i.e., decreases significantly, but immediately there is a release of LH, i.e. Time frame of the period: three days. What happens to the female body at this time?

1. LH makes the cervix very receptive to sperm.
2. The maturation of the egg is completed.
3. The egg is released from the follicle, after which it enters the fallopian tubes and awaits conception (term - about two days).

Phase Four: Luteal

It can also be called the “yellow body phase”. After the follicle is released, it begins to actively produce the hormone progesterone, the main task of which is to prepare the uterine mucosa for implantation. At the same time, the cervical mucus dries up, and the production of LH stops. If there is a normal monthly cycle in women, then this phase lasts no more than 16 days (for a maximum of 12 days, the fertilized egg must attach to the uterus).

1. If fertilization has occurred: in this case, the egg enters the uterine cavity, is implanted, and the production of the so-called pregnancy hormone begins, which will be active throughout the entire period of bearing the baby.
2. If fertilization does not occur: in this case, the egg also dies, the production of progesterone stops. This causes the destruction of the endometrium, which entails its rejection and the onset of the first phase of a new menstrual cycle - spotting.

Cycle and conception

Every lady should know her correct menstrual cycle. After all, this is very important in that situation, if you want to prepare for the conception of a baby, or, conversely, to avoid an unwanted pregnancy. After all, as everyone knows, there are favorable and dangerous days of the female cycle. About this in more detail:

1. The maximum probability of conception is a couple of days before ovulation or at the time of the second phase of the menstrual cycle.
2. It is worth remembering that male sperm live up to seven days in the female tract, so fertilization is possible even if unprotected intercourse occurred a week before ovulation.
3. Favorable days for those who do not yet want to have children: a couple of days after ovulation. The egg has already died at this time, fertilization will not occur.

However, it should be said that it is very difficult to accurately predict ovulation. After all, the female body is not an ideal machine. If you don’t want to get pregnant, it’s best not to rely on your own calculations, but to additionally protect yourself with modern means, say, condoms.

Basal temperature

We study further the monthly cycle. The norm and deviations must be known to every woman. Here I also want to talk about how you can independently identify with the phases. To do this, it is enough to trace the graph of basal temperature (as you know, this is a measurement of temperature indicators in the lady's vagina or in the rectum). In the first days after bleeding, the temperature should be kept within 37 ° C. Further, it usually decreases slightly, and then "jumps" by 0.5 ° C and is normally more than 37 ° C. At this indicator, the temperature is kept almost all the time, but a few days before the onset of menstruation, it decreases again. If this did not happen, we can say that the girl became pregnant. If the temperature has not changed at all throughout the cycle, this means that the third phase - ovulation - has not occurred.

About crashes

Modern women very often suffer from such a problem as a violation of the cycle of menstruation. What symptoms can signal this:

1. An increase in the interval between menstruation, its significant fluctuation.
2. Change of days in the cycle (deviation of more than three days in any direction).
3. Profuse or scanty bleeding.
4. The complete absence of menstruation for at least two months (unless, of course, this is a sign of pregnancy).
5. The appearance of bleeding in different phases of the menstrual cycle (not only in the first).
6. The duration of spotting is more than a week or less than three days.

These are the main problems that should alert the lady. In this case, you should definitely consult a gynecologist and find out the causes of these phenomena.

The reasons

If a woman has lost her monthly cycle, the reasons for this may be as follows:

1. Weight change - obesity or its sharp loss. Starvation, as well as the consumption of foods harmful to the body and overeating, affects the entire body as a whole, and especially the reproductive function of a lady. Accordingly, for the menstrual cycle.
2. Stress. In this state, the woman actively begins to produce the hormone prolactin, which is able to inhibit ovulation and cause a delay in menstruation.
3. Physical exercise.
4. Acclimatization. If a woman changes her stay belt - from heat to cold or vice versa, the body turns on defenses, which can affect the female cycle.
5. If a lady has lost her monthly cycle, the reason for this may be a hormonal failure (a violation of the production of certain hormones).
6. Women's diseases. The cycle can go astray if a lady has the following problems: inflammation of the uterus, pathologies of her cervix, cysts, polyps of the uterus, her appendages.
7. Taking oral contraceptives. If a woman is just starting to take birth control pills, at first, while the body is adapting, there may be certain failures. However, after a maximum of three months, if the medications are chosen correctly, a clear and normal menstruation cycle will be established.
8. Adolescence and menopause. During these periods, the female cycle may be irregular, which is not an indicator of special problems with the body. For a young girl, the first cycle of menstruation will never be an indicator that menstruation will continue in the same mode.
9. A woman will completely stop menstruating if she becomes pregnant.
10. Huge problems with the cycle will be in case of involuntary or planned abortions.

Diagnostics

If a lady started her period in the middle of the cycle or had any other problem, she should definitely seek medical advice. After all, this can be the cause of quite serious problems with the body. By what indicators will the gynecologist diagnose?

1. Questioning (obtaining complete information about the possible causes of violations).
2. Gynecological examination of the patient.
3. Taking all smears necessary for analysis.
4. Blood and urine tests.

If these procedures did not give complete answers to the questions of interest to the doctor, the lady may be assigned additional studies:

1. Ultrasound of the pelvic organs or abdominal cavity.
2. Hormone tests.
3. MRI - magnetic resonance imaging (determination of pathological changes in tissues, as well as the search for possible neoplasms).
4. Hysteroscopy (examination of the walls of the patient's uterus with a special tool).

Only a combination of these methods of studying the patient's condition can give a complete picture of the causes of her illness, which will lead to the correct diagnosis and the appointment of competent treatment.

Diseases

Above, it was said a little about what problems can arise with the female menstrual cycle and what diseases develop against this background. However, this is far from a complete list.

1. Hypomenorrhea. This is very scanty spotting.
2. Opsomenorrhea. A significant shortening of the duration of spotting in a lady.
3. Oligomenorrhea. This is an increase in the interval between the spotting of a lady.

All of these issues should cause concern. Every woman should remember that timely diagnosis and treatment of the disease is very important.

Complications

If a woman has lost her cycle (between menstruation, for example, there are different periods of time) or there are other problems with women's health, you should immediately contact a doctor for qualified advice. After all, if the disease is not diagnosed and treated in time, it can lead to serious complications, which will be extremely difficult to cope with. It is worth remembering that later detection of pathologies that cause menstrual irregularities can lead not only to the inability to become pregnant, but even to the death of a young lady.

If a woman has minor menstrual irregularities, you can try to correct the situation without the intervention of doctors. To do this, it is enough to correctly adjust your daily routine and nutrition. That is, you need to exclude all harmful foods from food, pay more attention to the consumption of fresh vegetables and fruits, as well as cereals. In sufficient quantities, the lady should also rest: at least seven hours of sleep at night, work breaks, physical activity and being in the fresh air - only these nuances can correct the female cycle with minor disruptions.

Doctor's treatment

If the girl still needs to seek medical help, treatment will be prescribed based on the reasons that led to the hormonal failure.

1. If the cause is stress, the patient will be prescribed sedatives.
2. If there are problems with spotting, a woman may be prescribed hemostatic drugs (to eliminate bleeding if menstruation occurs in the middle of the cycle).
3. With heavy bleeding, a lady can be infused with donor blood, plasma.
4. Surgery is possible (including hysterectomy, i.e. removal of the uterus).
5. In some cases, the girl may be prescribed antibiotics (if the cause of the failure is infectious diseases).
6. The most common methods of treatment - the appointment of hormonal drugs to regulate hormonal levels.

“The ideal female cycle (28 days) corresponds to the lunar one”, “when the Moon is in Scorpio, the cycle is broken”, “the best time for conception is ovulation when the Moon is in its initial phase ...” - such statements are very popular among women, wander around websites and astrological manuals. But it's one thing to plant cucumbers strictly according to the "lunar calendar" or start a project only when the "Moon is in Saturn". There will be no harm from this, although this is also a moot point ... But to feel sick because) that the cycle, for example, is 31 or 26 days and categorically does not coincide with the phases of the moon, is not only ridiculous, but also harmful to nervous system. And the consequences can just damage women's health - stress and neurosis lead to hormonal failure and menstrual irregularities.

To understand all this mythology, it is necessary to understand what exactly happens in the body on a monthly basis, what is the norm, and what should alert and require urgent action.

Why exactly 28?

It so happened that the childbearing function is activated in the girl's body at the moment when she does not care about this function at all. Having just put the doll aside, the girl is faced with a whole series of little-understood processes taking place in her body, which immediately begin to be vigorously discussed among her peers and with those who are older. But mothers in this situation are not always on top, because they themselves are not very oriented in this topic. Most women answer the question about the length of their menstrual cycle in approximately the same way. “About once a month, a couple of days earlier than the previous one,” is how the cycle duration of 28 days is vaguely indicated, such a cycle in most healthy women. But does this mean that a shorter or longer cycle is a manifestation of pathology? No. It is recognized that a normal menstrual cycle can be from 21 to 35 days, that is, plus or minus a week from the average of 28 days.

The duration of menstruation itself normally ranges from two to six days, and the volume of blood lost is no more than 80 ml. A longer cycle is found in residents of the northern regions, a shorter one in the south, but this is not an absolute pattern. In the menstrual cycle, its regularity is important. If a woman always has a cycle of 35-36 days, then this can be absolutely normal for her, but if he jumps (either 26 days, then 35, then 21) - this is already a violation.

Limits of the norm

In general, the menstrual cycle can vary greatly depending on the condition of the woman and the situation in which she is. Irregularity (when menstruation comes after an unequal period of time), a long cycle (more than 36 days) or a short cycle (less than 21 days) can be considered as some pathology. But, although the menstrual cycle is a clear mechanism, it can vary significantly in a normal healthy woman. And these changes are a reflection of the body's response to external and internal factors.

For some, a little stress can already lead to a delay in menstruation, while for others, severe depression is not a reason for menstrual irregularities. The menstrual cycle of one woman can adapt to the menstrual cycle of another if they exist together for a long time. This is often seen in women's sports teams or when living together in a hostel. What explains this phenomenon is not entirely clear.

Fine tuning

The menstrual cycle is not always stable. The most irregular period is the first two years after the onset of menstruation and three years before they end (menopause). Violations during these periods are due to completely physiological reasons.

The female reproductive system matures gradually and, being a complex machine, requires a period of adjustment. When a girl has her first menstruation, this does not mean that her system is mature and ready to fully work (although for some the menstrual cycle starts to work correctly from the very beginning), the functioning of this system can be compared to an orchestra, the harmonious play of all the instruments of which will create a unique sound musical work. Just as the instruments in an orchestra require a period of tuning, so all the components of the reproductive system must come to an agreement to work together harmoniously. Usually it takes about six months: for some it is more, for some it is less, and for some it may be delayed.

How the system works

The menstrual cycle is divided into three phases- menstruation, the first phase (follicular) and the second phase (luteal). Menstruation lasts an average of four days. During this phase, the lining of the uterus (endometrium) is shed. This phase lasts from the end of menstruation to an average of 14 days in a 28-day cycle (days are counted from the beginning of menstruation).

First phase (follicular)
At this stage, the growth of four follicles begins in the ovaries: a lot of small vesicles (follicles) in which the eggs are located are laid in the ovaries from birth. In the process of growth, these four follicles release estrogens (female sex hormones) into the blood, under the influence of which the mucous membrane (endometrium) grows in the uterus.

Second phase (luteal)
Shortly before the 14th day of the cycle, three follicles stop growing, and one grows to an average of 20 mm and bursts under the influence of special stimuli. It is called ovulation.

The ovum is released from the ruptured follicle and enters the fallopian tube, where it waits for the sperm. The edges of the burst follicle gather (like a flower closing at night) - this formation is called "yellow body".

The second phase lasts until the onset of menstruation - about 12-14 days. At this time, the woman's body is waiting for conception. In the ovary, the "yellow body" flourishes: formed from a bursting follicle, it sprouts with vessels and begins to secrete another female sexual hubbub (progesterone) into the blood, which prepares the uterine mucosa for the attachment of a fertilized egg.

If pregnancy does not occur, then the "yellow body", having received a signal, turns off its work, the uterus begins to reject the already unnecessary endometrium. And menstruation begins.

If the schedule of the menstrual cycle goes astray

The normal cycle in healthy women may vary: if one is enough for 10 days for the maturation of the follicle, then the other needs 15-16. But when deviations from the norm occur, doctors talk about ovarian dysfunction. They are manifested by various violations of the cycle.
The most obvious signs:

• irregular menstruation;
• increase or decrease in standard blood loss (normally, the volume of menstrual blood loss is 50-100 ml);
• the appearance of bloody discharge between menstruation;
• pain in the lower abdomen on premenstrual days and in the middle of the cycle;
• violation of the maturation of the egg (its symptoms are infertility or miscarriage).

Alarms

• Breaking the cycle Especially if before that it was stable, it often causes concern, but not in all cases it is necessary to sound the alarm. If you have recently experienced a strong nervous shock, then most likely this is a one-time violation and there is nothing wrong with that. If there is no menstruation for a very long time (and the pregnancy test is negative), then you should consult a doctor. If the menstruation came earlier and does not end in any way, this is also a reason to hurry up for an examination. If menstruation has become very frequent (several times a month), it is not necessary to delay it - immediately go to the doctor.
• early menopause This is one of the very common female fears, especially at a young age. In fact, this fear is exaggerated, since early menopause is very rare. There are cases when menstruation stops even for a long time, and this may turn out to be only a temporary failure, after which they can resume on their own, for example, after a good rest.
  Basically, early menopause is caused by rare congenital and systemic diseases, the consequences of treatment (chemotherapy, radiation therapy for cancer) and other non-standard conditions. Early menopause, as a rule, is manifested by the cessation of menstruation and the appearance of symptoms of insufficiency of female sex hormones (hot flashes, irritability, insomnia, etc.). There is no prevention for this disease.
• Painful periods and PMS For some reason, it is generally accepted that feeling unwell during menstruation is in the order of things. Pain, nausea, migraines during menstruation are abnormal phenomena. This condition is called dysmenorrhea and requires treatment. Even if these phenomena are expressed insignificantly, they can and should be corrected. Dysmenorrhea is primary (most often at a young age), when it is most likely due simply to the immaturity of the reproductive system, and secondary, when it is a reflection of a number of serious gynecological diseases. The same applies to premenstrual syndrome (PMS). These are not personality traits that everyone needs to put up with, but a disease that has not fully understood causes, a whole list of symptoms and specific treatments. If you have such problems, see your doctor.

What to do?

If we are not talking about diseases, but only about some common problems in setting up the menstrual cycle, then such cycle disorders are solved by taking hormonal contraception. The reproductive system needs rest, and hormonal contraception, "turning off" it for a while, takes over the work: the entire period of taking the contraceptive is a period of rest. Then, after its cancellation, the system starts working again and, as a rule, cycle failures disappear.

The main task of the female body

The body can adapt and rebuild as much as it likes, but the final reproductive function is formed only when a woman fulfills her main task intended by nature. That is, when she endures, gives birth and feeds a child. Pregnancy is the only purpose for which the reproductive system is generally provided in the body. Only after the first full-fledged pregnancy, which ended in childbirth, and the period of breastfeeding, the reproductive system matures completely, since during this period all the functions provided by nature are realized. After pregnancy, all the not fully "unpacked" properties of the female body finally begin to work in full force. This affects both the psycho-emotional and sexual spheres, which has a beneficial effect on the intimate life of a woman.

After 35 years

Over time, the reproductive system, which on average is assigned to exist in working condition for 38 years (from 12 to 51), is limited only to regular menstruation. In addition, with age, many women develop a whole history of gynecological and general diseases, all this begins to affect the state of the reproductive system, and this manifests itself in menstrual irregularities. Inflammation, abortion, gynecological surgery, overweight or underweight can also cause problems.

If the regularity of the cycle disappears completely, then this is an occasion to consult a doctor. Regularity is the main indicator of the normal functioning of the reproductive system. Sometimes it happens that the measured cycle suddenly changes, becomes shorter while maintaining its regularity (example: for many years it was 30 days, then it changed to 26 days). Such changes are more often observed closer to 40 years. This is not a reason to panic, but simply a reflection of the fact that your reproductive system will also change with age, just like you.

Culprit of violations - lifestyle

Violations of the menstrual cycle a couple of times a year can occur even in the absence of any pathology. But nothing affects this area so negatively as mental and mental overload, stress, enhanced sports training, extreme weight loss, frequent illnesses, smoking, alcohol and drugs. Against this background, quite often, menstruation stops for a long time. And the reason is very simple, one might say, there is a simple biological expediency in this - in extreme conditions of life and when, for health reasons, a woman cannot bear healthy offspring, the reproductive function is turned off until better times. Not without reason, during the war, most women stopped menstruating, this phenomenon was even given a special term "wartime amenorrhea".

Well deserved rest

The extinction of the reproductive system occurs in much the same way as its formation. Menses become irregular and delayed. The ovaries react sluggishly to brain impulses, respectively, the cycle is delayed. If ovulation occurs periodically, then the resulting "yellow body" does not work well, which is why menstruation either starts earlier, or, conversely, lasts a long time. As a result, menstruation stops, and if they are absent for more than six months, it is necessary to conduct an examination, do hormonal tests and ultrasound. This will help determine the onset of menopause with a greater degree of probability.

And yet, it is important to follow a simple rule: if you undergo a preventive examination by a gynecologist at least once a year, and in case of violations, do not postpone a visit to the doctor, you will almost certainly be able to avoid serious gynecological problems.

Discussion

"The menstrual cycle of one woman can adapt to the menstrual cycle of another if they exist together for a long time." This is true, and not nonsense. There is an exchange of some substances and the cycles of women coincide.

"The menstrual cycle of one woman can match the menstrual cycle of another if they exist together for a long time."

The article is crazy!

Comment on the article "28 days: myths and realities of the menstrual cycle"

Delayed menstruation - why does it happen? Causes of delayed menstruation. A delay in menstruation can be caused by various things. Menstruation has become much more abundant.

Discussion

I have such a phenomenon happens after a sharp climate change, physical activity and diets. Surely only a gynecologist can tell.

I don't want to upset you, but it looks like it. Perhaps for a long time there will be such an indefinite period

weird periods. Medical questions. Planning for pregnancy. first menstruation after childbirth. The strangest thing is that when they came out (sorry for such details), then ...

Now the first menstruation after cleaning, they go very plentifully. I didn't have this before. Please tell me what to do? is it possible to drink hemostatic? Thank you.

Discussion

Tell me, please, after a frozen pregnancy, 2 months have passed, everything was cleaned up normally!

Hi everyone and thank you so much for your advice.
The night and morning passed quietly, there is no such heavy bleeding anymore))))))))))))))))))))))))

monthly every two months. ... I find it difficult to choose a section. Menstruation once every 2 months is of course not very good, but it does not interfere with pregnancy either - just less chances of getting pregnant.

Discussion

hormonal imbalance most likely.
no climate change? maybe you were very nervous?
correctly, the girls advised - ask the doctor to prescribe tests for hormones and from there already solve the problem, if it happens.

Get started with hormone testing

menstruation ahead of time. medical problems. Planning for pregnancy. menstruation ahead of time. Girls, hello. Help with advice, maybe someone had it like that ... We ...

Ovulation is the period when the female body is maximally ready for conception. In order for the chances of the birth of a new life to be high, it is important to know exactly the date of ovulation. Unfortunately, even with an “ideal”, 28-day cycle, the process of an egg leaving the follicle may differ in different women, because menstrual cycles are a very difficult phenomenon. They start and end at different times, and the duration and onset of the fertile moment can vary under the influence of various factors:

• stress and anxiety;
• level of physical activity;
• hormonal background of a woman.

Regardless of the regularity of the cycle or the frequent change of dates, it is important to accurately monitor when ovulation occurs. This is important not only for those who are planning the birth of a child, but also for fans of the calendar calculation as a method of contraception.

What is the process of ovulation?

The process of release of a mature egg from the follicle is a certain period of the menstrual cycle, which is called the “ovulation phase”. During this period, the egg, ready for conception, leaves the follicle, breaking it, and descends into the fallopian tube. This is accompanied by hormonal changes in the body, in particular, increased levels of estrogen and luteinizing hormone. The latter is responsible for fertilization at the time of the fusion of the sex cells of a woman and a man.

As for when conception can occur at the time of the release of the egg, it is difficult to predict anything here. The menstrual cycle can sometimes change in an individual woman. It is believed that the most common cycle is 28 days, when ovulation occurs at the equator of the cycle, however, fluctuations from 21 to 35 days are acceptable. The most difficult thing is for women with constant changes in the cycle, because then it is impossible to know which days are suitable for conception.

According to a common statement, ovulation usually occurs 14 days before menstruation. So, with a 28-day cycle, it should occur two weeks after menstruation. Unfortunately, such a schedule is not accurate, and the day of ovulation can occur both on the 10th day of the cycle, and 20 days after the end of menstruation. In order to prevent failures in the calendar, it is worth carefully monitoring the symptoms of the body, as well as using other methods of determination.

How long is the ovulatory period? The moment when the egg is most receptive to conception is 24 hours from the onset of the ovulatory period. However, a high probability of becoming pregnant remains 2-3 days after the egg has left the follicle.

Sometimes girls may not ovulate at all. There may be several reasons:

• Gynecological diseases;
• postpartum period;
• recent abortion;
• Strong stressful situations.

It should be understood that the female body is a rather fragile system that can fail under the influence of the above factors. The cessation of menstruation does not mean that the egg does not mature. If your periods are gone, and the reason for this is not pregnancy or the postpartum period, you should immediately consult a doctor. The cause may be a cyst, severe stress, or a sexually transmitted disease.

Why track ovulation?

It is important for every woman to know on what day her egg matures. There are many reasons and life aspects in which this is necessary.

With irregular periods, tracking ovulation will help to avoid surprises in the form of “red days” that have begun at the wrong time. This is especially necessary with an irregular monthly cycle, after an abortion, as well as polycystic or endometriosis.
The ovulation period is the most fertile for a woman. If you want to get pregnant, you need to know which days are most likely to conceive a child.

Women who do not want to become pregnant, who are sexually active, often take control of the days of the cycle in order to avoid an unplanned pregnancy. If you do not make love during the fertile phase, then the risk of seeing two stripes on the test this month will be significantly reduced.

Physiological signs of ovulation

Can a woman independently determine the beginning of the release of a mature egg? You can determine favorable days for conception by physiological signs:

1. Increased sensitivity of the breast. On ovulatory days, women's nipples swell a little, the breasts harden and become more sensitive. Pain in the lower abdomen. The beginning of the process is evidenced by unpleasant, "pulling" sensations in the lower abdomen. These sensations last as long as the days of ovulation.
2. Increase in basal body temperature. The release of the egg from the follicle is accompanied by a slight increase in temperature, which will help to accurately determine ovulation.
3. Improvement of skin, hair and nails. In the middle of the cycle, nails and hair become stronger, and the skin is cleansed, small pimples disappear.

To confirm the onset of ovulation by 100%, it is better to do a test using a pharmacy indicator test, since information based on calendars and subjective sensations may not be accurate.

What causes late ovulation?

The situation is quite common: a cycle of 28 days, when menstruation occurs much later than 2 weeks after the end of menstruation. Many women begin to consider late ovulation as a deviation from the norm or a sign of a serious illness. It is worth understanding that 1 month of observations is not enough to set up late ovulation. If, for three or more months, ovulation can begin later than after 18 days, there is reason to talk about late maturation of eggs.

A shift in the timing of the maturation of female germ cells is not necessarily a symptom of the disease; this occurs for a number of other reasons:

• chronic fatigue, nervous tension;
• hormonal changes;
• infectious diseases;
• before the onset of menopause;
• the period after abortion and miscarriage, as well as after childbirth.

Is it possible to get pregnant with late ovulation?

With signs of a late release of the egg from the ovary, you should not immediately panic. This symptom is not a mandatory sign of infertility, and pregnancy with late ovulation will not affect the development and birth of a healthy baby. The only exceptions may be infectious diseases or hormonal imbalances, so it is extremely important to do something as important as seeing a doctor. If necessary, undergo treatment.

You can detect late maturation of eggs using an ultrasound examination, analyzes of pituitary gland indicators, or using rapid ovulation tests. Usually, determining ovulation is most relevant for women who are planning a pregnancy soon. If any problems are found, complex treatment is required to eliminate the cause of this phenomenon.

If the delayed release of the egg is one of the symptoms of hormonal disorders or infectious diseases, this phenomenon is often accompanied by other complaints. These are hair loss, an increase in body fat in the waist area, the appearance of acne, irregular periods and a change in their nature, as well as discharge during the middle of the cycle. Having found several of the above symptoms, you should see a doctor for the necessary tests and prescribe therapy.

What to do if ovulation does not occur at all?

In some cases, ovulation can not only occur with a delay, but also not come at all. For women planning a pregnancy, this can be both a great hope and a big disappointment. Since the absence of ovulation is the main sign of pregnancy. But it may indicate the course of chronic diseases. If for some reason ovulation has not occurred, you should do the following:

• Take a test to make sure you're not pregnant.
• Make an appointment with a specialist to accurately determine the causes of this phenomenon with the help of tests and the appointment of complex therapy.
• If ovarian dysfunction is detected, you should not be nervous - stress will only make it worse.
• HCG injections will help to significantly increase the likelihood of becoming pregnant in the absence of the ovulatory phase.
• One of the most radical ways is to stimulate ovulation with the help of Clomifel citrate. Before using the product, you should consult with your doctor. Ovulation induction has a number of contraindications, such as fever, pregnancy and lactation.

Delayed ovulation with a 28-day cycle is not at all a serious pathology, and it is quite possible to get pregnant in this case. However, it is undesirable to ignore this feature, since late ovulation can be a sign of a serious illness. You can increase the chances of conceiving and giving birth to a healthy child by giving up bad habits and minimizing the level of stress in life. This will help to correct the cycle in the absence of serious diseases. Do not forget about the timely determination of ovulation with the calendar planning method, and this will help to avoid unwanted pregnancy or see the cherished two stripes.

Pregnancy is a wonderful state. And even better - the realization that a baby is about to appear in the house. You can bring the long-awaited moment closer by finding out the exact day of ovulation.

Calculation of the day of ovulation with a cycle of 28

We will immediately consider an independent calculation, including its advantages and disadvantages.

But a girl can become pregnant a few days earlier or later, because the sperm cell lives in the woman's body for several days, and the fertilized egg lives for a day.

If the cycle is not regular, then you should not rely on calculations. In addition, ovulation is early, timely, late.

With an independent miscalculation, an excellent assistant is an ovulation test, which can be purchased at any pharmacy.

If we talk about online miscalculations, then it is simpler and better than the independent calendar method in that the program gives out such dates:

• day of ovulation;
• probable days of conception;
• "useless" days;
• for those to whom the sex of the child is important, the periods of "boy" and "girl" are emphasized.

The way to use the online calculator is very simple: you need to enter the date of the first day of menstruation, the duration of menstruation (for example, 3 days), the duration of the cycle - in our case, 28 days. Then the "calculate" button is pressed.

Everything, enough, is elementary. But this test is not suitable if the cycle is not regular or ovulation is not on time (early or late).

The doctor determines the day of ovulation by ultrasound diagnostics. This method is mainly used by those girls whose cycle is broken, that is, there are difficulties with independent and computer miscalculations.

Early ovulation on a 28 day cycle

Early maturation of the egg is explained by:

• hormonal disruptions;
• malnutrition;
• stress;
• traumatic sex;
• abuse of alcoholic, narcotic substances;
• heavy physical labor;
• change of residence;
• overwork;
• postpartum period and inflammatory processes.

Signs of early ovulation are similar to those of normal ovulation:

• pain in the lower abdomen and bloating;
• breast swelling and pain;
• change in the consistency of vaginal discharge;
• mood swings;
• increased libido.

Early ovulation is not as scary as it might seem at first glance, although it all depends on the reasons for its occurrence. By eliminating the factor, the problem is eliminated.

Late ovulation with a 28 day cycle

If the early maturation of the egg is a frequent case, then later it refers to almost single situations. Harbingers of late ovulation are more serious than in the previous version:

• infectious diseases of the genital organs;
• abortions;
• miscarriages;
• postpartum period;
• menopause;
• hormonal dysfunction.

Now it is clear that in order to treat late ovulation, it is necessary to eliminate its source.

As for the symptoms, everything is determined at the individual level - each woman is different.

Does re-ovulation occur?

Usually the formula is: 1 cycle = 1 ovulation. But there are known exceptions, to be exact:

• before menopause;
• stop taking hormonal drugs;
• increased sexual desire, which is more common in women in the absence of regular relationships.

As it has already become known, no one is immune from re-ovulation. But relying on her, even if she has come, is not recommended, since the mature egg cell most often dies during this period.

Without ovulation

Some women throw tantrums when they find out that during the entire period from menstruation to menstruation, she did not have cell maturation. It's too early to sound the alarm if anovulation (lack of ovulation) happened 2 to 3 times a year. This happens even in a healthy body.

If anovulation is more than four times a year, then this is a serious reason to see a doctor.

Anovulation is typical for: menopause, pregnancy, taking certain medications; hormonal disorders, infertility.

Be that as it may, every girl who has reached reproductive age (even if she is virgin) should visit a gynecologist at least twice a year. A preventive examination will allow you to avoid a number of problems in the future, and also at the time of the conversation with the doctor, the girl is able to find all the answers for herself. In addition, ultrasound determination of ovulation in a medical institution is the surest way.