Carrying out inhalation with a nebulizer to a child, how long it can last. How many times a day can an adult inhale with saline How often do inhalations

One of the most common diseases in childhood are colds, SARS and other respiratory system disorders. In their treatment, inhalations are often used, using steam inhalers or various types of nebulizers for such procedures.

The use of a nebulizer is designed to quickly deliver drugs in liquid form to the child's lungs, so that recovery occurs faster.

But, before inhaling your child, each parent should find out why such a procedure is needed, in which case it can harm the baby, and also how often and for how long inhalations can be performed in childhood.

Inhalation is the most common treatment for respiratory infections

Indications for the procedure

With the help of inhalations, you can eliminate nasal congestion, dry or wet cough, runny nose, bronchospasm, sore throat. Such procedures eliminate inflammation, moisturize the mucous membrane and strengthen local immunity. Their appointment is justified when:

• SARS;
• Acute bronchitis;
• Acute laryngitis, tracheitis or sinusitis;
• Burns of the respiratory tract;
• Exacerbation of chronic tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, bronchitis or sinusitis;
• Bronchial asthma;
• Pneumonia during convalescence;
• Fungal infections of the respiratory tract;
• tuberculosis;
• cystic fibrosis;
• Emphysema of the lungs.

Are there any contraindications?

• In early childhood (for different drugs and different types of inhalation there are age limits).
• With bacterial tonsillitis or otitis media.
• With pneumonia (acute stage).
• With fever (procedures are permissible only at a temperature not higher than + 37 ° C).
• With a tendency to nosebleeds or blood in the sputum.
• In case of intolerance to the drug used for the procedure.
• In a serious condition of the child (respiratory and heart failure).

Inhalations using honey. medicines must be prescribed by doctors

How many times a day can you do inhalations?

The most common frequency of inhalations is twice a day. Many drugs are recommended to be administered by inhalation three times a day, for example, miramistin, tussamag, chlorophyllipt or berodual. If physiological saline is used for the procedure, such inhalations can be done 2 to 4 times daily.

The duration of one procedure is determined taking into account the age of the child and the type of inhalation. Young children are not advised to breathe steam or through a nebulizer for more than five minutes. For older children, inhalation is carried out for 7-10 minutes. Long procedures may make the child unwilling to continue such treatment.

About what is better to do inhalation to the baby and whether it is worth doing inhalation over the basin, see Dr. Komarovsky's program.

How many days to do inhalation: duration of the course

Depending on the drug used for inhalation, procedures are prescribed for a period of five to eleven days. For example, inhalations with lazolvan or berodual are recommended to be done no longer than 5 days, and procedures with mineral water can be carried out for a long time until the symptoms of the disease are eliminated. Inhalations with ACC injection are prescribed for no longer than 10 days.

• Using any type of nebulizer for inhalation, it should be remembered that an oil solution cannot be poured into such a device (this threatens with a complication in the form of pneumonia) or herbal decoctions (this increases the risk of clogging and breakage of the device).
• The procedure is carried out mainly in a standing or sitting position, although there are models of nebulizers that allow you to do inhalation while lying down.
• Depending on the disease, the child must breathe through a mask or through a tube. For diseases of the nasopharynx and throat, you need to inhale the medicine in the form of an aerosol through your nose, and to eliminate coughing, inhale through your mouth.
• If a child is prescribed steam inhalation, the baby should be protected from the risks of burns with hot steam. For this purpose, it is necessary to ensure that the water temperature is not higher than + 60 ° C.
• Dilute drugs with sterile saline immediately before the procedure. The remains of the diluted drug are not stored.
• After the procedure, it is important to wash the child's face, and also make sure that the baby rinses his mouth. If the child is still too small for rinsing, he is given clean water to drink.
• Drinking and eating are allowed only 30-60 minutes after the procedure. Before inhalation, you should not eat for 1.5-2 hours.

Inhalation systems are needed to deliver drugs directly to the patient's lungs. Their use speeds up recovery. Modern principles of treatment of diseases of the respiratory tract are based on the inclusion of inhalations in the therapy regimen.

The appearance of nebulizers on the market of medical equipment has expanded the scope of the inhalation method of treatment. It became possible to perform inhalation procedures for patients of different age groups, including infants. And for people suffering from bronchial asthma, bronchial obstruction and other diseases accompanied by a drop in the rate of inspiration, the nebulizer has become an assistant. The effectiveness of nebulizer therapy depends on the correct execution of inhalation, adherence to the recommended doses of the drug and the frequency of the procedure. Only a doctor can determine how often to do inhalation with a nebulizer, taking into account the individual characteristics of each patient.

Inhalations can be done for therapeutic purposes and for the prevention of inflammatory diseases of the respiratory system.

The range of diseases amenable to inhalation treatment is wide, it can be conditionally divided into groups:

1. Pathological processes accompanied by seizures and requiring immediate therapeutic support. With exacerbations of asthma and allergic diseases, the inhalation method of administering the drug is considered fundamental.
2. The second group includes diseases of the nasopharynx, bronchi and lungs of a chronic nature: prolonged rhinitis, bronchitis.
3. In the third group - acute respiratory diseases: runny nose, pharyngitis, laryngitis.
4. The fourth includes occupational diseases resulting from exposure to the human body of industrial hazards.
5. The fifth group includes diseases of the cardiovascular, endocrine, nervous and other systems.

Having a nebulizer is important for families with young children. Carrying out procedures for a child safely accelerates recovery. Inhalation therapy is a recognized technique, however, the appropriateness of its use is determined by the attending physician. Self-prescribed treatment can only complicate the situation.

We carry out the procedure correctly

Any therapeutic measures require a competent approach and compliance with the rules. Nebulizer therapy is no exception.

Before carrying out medical manipulations, hands should be thoroughly washed with soap and water to avoid the ingress of germs. Then assemble the device (connect the component parts), having previously read the attached instructions. Then fill the drug reservoir with the required dose of the solution, focusing on the divisions of the container (up to 5 ml). First, physiological saline is poured, then the required amount of the drug.

It should be immediately before inhalation. To do this, use a pipette or a sterile syringe.

Rules for inhalation with a nebulizer:

• start the procedure after an hour after eating;
• it is recommended to breathe steam without being distracted by conversations, watching TV, reading books;
• it is undesirable to smoke and drink alcoholic beverages before and after inhalation;
• in case of diseases of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx, do nasal inhalations, that is, breathe the medicine through the nose. To do this, it is better to use a facial mask or a special nozzle.

In case of tracheitis, bronchitis and other diseases of the broncho-pulmonary system, it is necessary to inhale the aerosol mist through the mouth. This should be done as follows:

• taking a deep breath of the medicinal substance with your mouth, try to hold your breath for 2 seconds;
• make a calm exhalation through the nasal cavity;
• at the end of the procedure, rinse your mouth with boiled water.

Inhalation is carried out 3 times a day for 10 minutes, for children the duration of one procedure is reduced by half. How many inhalations to do is determined individually. After that, it is not recommended to eat, drink and smoke for 15-20 minutes.

Frequency and duration

Many parents are concerned about the question: “How many inhalation procedures can a child do?”.

The scheme of such therapy and the frequency of procedures is determined by the doctor on an individual basis, taking into account the characteristics of the course of the disease, the age of the patient. On average, children are prescribed a course lasting 5-11 days. recommended for 2 to 5 minutes, can be performed up to 5 times a day.

Although the procedures are not thermal, however, it is advisable to do inhalation only in the absence of elevated body temperature.

When not to do

Despite the benefits of inhalation treatment, there are a number of limitations to its use:

• predisposition to pulmonary and nasal bleeding;
• angina of a purulent nature;
• pathology of the respiratory tract;
• violations of the heart;
• hypertension;
• acute cerebrovascular accident.

Inhalations help with acute and chronic diseases of the respiratory organs. But inhalation procedures are an addition to therapy. Comprehensive treatment, including inhalation, acts faster. How often to carry out such procedures and how long the treatment lasts is set individually for each patient. Therefore, it is advisable to first visit a doctor who will prescribe a set of therapeutic measures.

Inhalations have many advantages: they are very convenient to do at home, the procedure is quite simple and does not require special skills, and there are many medicines with which this procedure can be performed.

There are two types of inhalation - direct inhalation of the drug and inhalation with aqueous solutions. To carry out the procedure, you must purchase a special compressor or at any pharmacy. Clothing should not restrict the throat, otherwise it will. When fighting a runny nose with the help of inhalation, the vapors must be inhaled through the nose, and in the treatment of the bronchi or pharynx - through the mouth.

Before carrying out the procedure, it is necessary to read the instructions for medicines very carefully. Pregnant and lactating women with individual intolerance to the components of the drugs, as well as people with a weak cardiovascular system, should not.

Frequency and duration of inhalation

Inhalations should not be abused, it is believed that daily inhalation in the evening in order to prevent respiratory diseases will not cause much harm to the body. With the course of the disease in a severe form, inhalations are allowed to be carried out twice a day - in the morning and in the evening. The treatment cycle in this case is no more than 10 days.

The time of the inhalation procedure depends on the type of inhalation. In the treatment of certain types of acute and chronic diseases of the upper respiratory tract, it is necessary to carry out steam inhalation. This procedure allows drugs dissolved in hot air vapors to relieve swelling, getting into the respiratory organs and have a positive effect on them. Such inhalations should not be more than three minutes in duration, in order to avoid thermal burns of the respiratory tract. The procedure is repeated twice a day.

When the treatment is aimed at combating cough, inhalations with the addition of essential oils of various plants (eucalyptus or coniferous plant oil, sea buckthorn, Kalanchoe) or saline are a suitable option. This procedure is most effective if you use a special inhaler (but you can get by with improvised means). Duration of inhalation - up to 15 minutes, twice a day. Depending on the stage of the disease, the course of treatment is from 5 to 10 procedures.

It must be remembered that drugs for inhalation and its duration should be prescribed only by a qualified specialist, after a thorough examination.

Sometimes, trying to quickly get rid of or with the help of drugs, we completely forget that there are other equally effective methods of treatment. For example, such a procedure as in some cases will help faster than any cough medicine or nasal drops.

In addition, many doctors themselves recommend to their patients with , , , as well as when using inhalation to treat and alleviate the symptoms of these diseases at home. It is worth noting that there are several types on sale now. inhalers , including ultrasonic nebulizers new generation that are easy to use and efficient.

What is inhalation?

Literally translated from Latin, the name of this procedure sounds like “I breathe in”. In principle, this one word contains the whole meaning inhalation , which is a method of introducing a drug into the human body, based on the inhalation of vapors of medical devices.

The main advantage of this procedure can be considered the speed of entry of drugs into the respiratory tract, which contributes to the onset of a rapid therapeutic effect. In addition, when inhaled, the risk of developing allergic reactions is reduced, since medications reach their goal bypassing digestive system person.

It is interesting that inhalation is not only artificial, i.e. one in which specialized devices (inhalers) are used, but also natural.

In a time when there were no inhalers, people went to seaside resorts or spent more time in the forest to saturate their body with beneficial compounds present in the air.

The advantage of this method of treatment is that when inhaled, the absorption time of drugs is significantly reduced. As a result, the patient feels relief faster, since the local effect of using the inhaler occurs almost instantly.

Indications for inhalation are:

• SARS , complicated by such conditions as, pharyngitis or rhinitis , as well as complications in the form and rhinosinusitis ;
• pneumonia ;
• exacerbation of chronic forms tonsillitis, sinusitis And rhinitis ;
• exacerbation of the chronic or acute phase of the disease;
• bronchiectasis of the lungs ;
• fungal infection lower and upper respiratory tract;
• cystic fibrosis .

In addition, inhalations are used in the prevention of postoperative complications, as well as in the treatment of patients with the respiratory stage of the disease.

Among the main contraindications of this procedure are:

• heart failure ;
• pulmonary hemorrhage ;
• individual intolerance solutions for inhalation;
• pneumothorax (spontaneous, traumatic );
• bullous pulmonary emphysema .

It should be noted that in some cases it is highly undesirable to use inhalation as a method of treatment, since it can greatly aggravate the patient's condition. It is, for example, about , frontite or , as well as otitis media in children.

Often, and pneumonia doctors do not recommend using inhalers. In addition, it is not recommended to resort to this method at elevated body temperature.

There are several types of procedures:

• wet inhalation, in which the temperature of the medicinal product in the form of a solution is maintained at a constant level of 30 C;
• steam inhalation;
• thermomoist inhalation, in which the temperature of the drug cannot be higher than 40C.

It is important to remember that infants can only do wet inhalation and only with the permission of the attending pediatrician. The steam procedure is dangerous for children, since there is a high probability of burning the upper respiratory tract.

At the age of one year, heat-moist inhalations can be used to treat a child, but also only after a preliminary medical consultation. In principle, any gesture of parents aimed at treating children should be agreed with a specialist.

Inhalation, as a cough and cold medicine, helps:

• improve blood circulation of the mucous membranes of the larynx, as well as the nasal sinuses;
• liquefy the secret, which during illness is formed in the pharynx, larynx, and also in the nasal passages;
• removing the secret from the sinuses, which ultimately helps to significantly alleviate the patient's condition, since nasal congestion disappears;
• moisturize the inflamed mucous membranes of the nose and throat.

In addition, when using medicinal solutions for inhalation, such a procedure has expectorant , antibacterial , bronchodilator , decongestant , and anti-inflammatory effect . At the moment, there are two main ways of conducting inhalation.

The first is well known to many people, since it does not require any specialized devices. We think that every second person did steam inhalation at least once using a container of hot water or over a pan with freshly boiled potatoes.

The second method will require special devices - inhaler or nebulizer . A little later, we will discuss what is better than a nebulizer or inhaler, as well as what varieties of these devices you can buy and how to use them correctly.

And now let's talk about what solutions for inhalation from a cold and cough can be used at home? How to make a solution yourself and how to use it for a cough or runny nose? It is important to emphasize that before using any drug, including mixtures for inhalation, you should consult your doctor.

In addition, you should strictly adhere to the instructions for using the mixture for inhalation. This is actually very important, because any medicine can both cure and harm if it is not used correctly.

At runny nose and nasal congestion, and sinusitis

• with eucalyptus, for the procedure, an alcohol tincture of the leaves of the plant is used;
• with saline;
• with alcohol tincture of propolis;
• with alcohol tincture;
• with 0.024% aqueous solution;
• with alcohol tincture;
• with a homeopathic remedy;
• with or with 0.4% injection Dexamethasone .

It should be noted that inhalations with Dexamethasone for children, as well as with Pulmicort, are permissible only in case of real need, these drugs are classified as glucocorticoids and they contain hormonal compounds in their composition.

From cough And sore throat , as well as at asthma And bronchitis inhalations will be effective:

• With mucolytics (drugs that loosen phlegm and help clear it out of the lungs, according to Wikipedia), such as , , , , ;
• with bronchodilators, which include anticholinergics (Troventol , Trouvent , ), adrenomimetics (Terbutaline , , , , ), methylxanthines ( , Retafil , Durophyllin , Euphylong , ), combined bronchodilator ;
• with combined bronchodilators And expectorant drugs, for example, or;
• With antibiotics (Fluimucil );
• with antitussives ( , 2% solution);
• with anti-inflammatory drugs ).

Perhaps the simplest and most affordable solution that you can prepare yourself at home and use for a runny nose and cough is saline . For inhalation, you can use a ready-made saline solution purchased at a pharmacy. sodium chloride , the price of which is very democratic in comparison with other drugs used for this procedure.

And you can prepare the medicine yourself, since the composition of saline actually consists of two main components - water and salt. At first glance, surprisingly, however, sea salt, and later table salt, has been used in medicine for thousands of years.

Saline - this is an indispensable medical tool that is used for therapy, for example, as a dropper for dehydration or as a replacement for blood in emergency cases, because it is the mixture of salt and distilled water that is close in composition to blood plasma.

In addition, saline is considered an effective antimicrobial agent, it is also diluted with drugs to the desired concentration and used to wash contact lenses.

Remarkably, with a runny nose, you can not only breathe saline through an inhaler, but also use it to wash the sinuses.

There are several options for the composition of saline (more precisely, the proportions of water and salt), each of which is best suited for a particular purpose. However, according to doctors, when conducting nasal inhalations at home, any variant of the composition of the drug can be used.

Although it is still desirable to use a 0.9% solution for this procedure sodium chloride . As we said above, saline is ideal for washing the nose when runny nose at home, it is used for inhalation with sore throat , at pharyngitis , at obstructive bronchitis , at tracheitis And laryngotracheitis , as well as in inflammatory processes in the lungs and bronchi in the acute and chronic stages.

Saline solution can be used alone or in combination with other drugs. For example, inhalations with saline and , , , , , , , and other mucolytic drugs will help thin the mucous secretion in the respiratory tract, as well as its rapid separation and excretion from the body.

As a result, it will facilitate breathing, reduce the intensity of coughing and stop the inflammatory process. When coughing, you can mix with saline such expectorants , decongestants And antiseptics of natural origin as honey, tincture of calendula and propolis, decoctions of chamomile, licorice root or St. John's wort, essential oils of lemon balm, eucalyptus, mint and others.

If you are tormented by a runny nose and nasal congestion, then sea buckthorn oil, Kalanchoe or aloe juice (if there is no allergy), tea tree, eucalyptus or geranium oil, propolis tincture, as well as drugs such as , , , And .

Similar effects to saline can have Rizosin , Aqua-Rinosol , , , as well as alkaline or non-carbonated mineral water, such as Borjomi.

Inhalation with saline solution for children

Physical solution for inhalation for children can be used, since this product contains components that are safe for the child - salt and water. However, do not forget about the prescribed dosages for children. In addition, it is important to understand that the effect of saline depends on the type of inhaler.

With steam inhalation, the drug can only affect the upper respiratory tract, and using a nebulizer, the lower parts of the respiratory system can also be cured. About how to carry out and how many times a day you can do the procedure, as well as how much saline to pour into an inhaler for a child, it is better to ask a pediatrician.

After all, only a specialist can prescribe competent treatment depending on the type of disease. Inhalations with saline solution are not forbidden even for infants, however, it must be remembered that the temperature of the solution for children under three years old should not be more than 30 C, from three to four years - no more than 40 C, for a child aged four years and older - 52 C.

It is believed that saline for cough inhalation for children can be used up to two times a day when performing the procedure on a child under the age of two years; up to three times a day if the baby is between two and six years old and up to four times if your child is over six years old. Moreover, the duration of inhalation in the first two cases should not exceed a maximum of three minutes, and from the age of six, a child can breathe saline for up to ten minutes.

Inhalation with soda

soda solution - this is another type of widely available and really effective mixtures for inhalation. It is noteworthy that when it is used, there is a direct effect on the mucous membranes of the nasopharynx. Steam warms and moisturizes the mucous membranes, and also kills harmful microbes that cause disease.

Soda diluted in water (sometimes sea or table salt is also added) will give a positive result if a person has wet or dry cough , bronchitis , runny nose, and laryngitis .

Baking soda has a mucolytic effect, which helps thin the secretion and remove it from the respiratory tract.

After several inhalations with soda, a person will notice a positive effect, it will become really easier for him to breathe, because the medicinal solution improves bronchial patency and helps reduce the intensity of coughing.

Solution for inhalation Ambrobene It is considered one of the most effective means, which has a minimum of contraindications and a maximum of useful properties. This affordable mucolytic agent can be used both independently and in combination with other drugs, for example, with saline .

Ambobene will be an indispensable tool for tonsillitis , bronchitis , as well as for strong runny nose or coughing at cold . Included in the drug ambroxol hydrochloride helps clear phlegm from the respiratory tract, thus relieving coughing. This drug is recommended for inhalation, since it is this way of using it that reduces the risk of side effects.

The drug bypasses the digestive system and is immediately "transported" to the bronchi with the help of an inhaler. The medicinal effect of Ambrobene will be noticeable after one procedure. The attending physician will help you choose the right dosage of the drug, without prior consultation with whom you should not carry out inhalation in order to avoid side effects such as vomiting, excessive salivation, an allergic reaction in the form of a rash and shortness of breath, and nausea.

In addition, Ambrobene has the following contraindications:

• components of the drug;

What is the best inhaler?

We talked about what to do with inhalations and discussed the most popular solutions for the procedure. Now let's talk about what are inhalers and how to choose the most suitable device for inhalation. And also: how to make an inhaler at home, if there was no special device at hand.

Inhaler - This is a specialized device that is designed to introduce medicines into the human body using a procedure such as inhalation. There are the following types of devices:

• steam inhaler - a device for steam inhalation, in which the therapeutic effect is achieved by evaporating the drug and inhaling it with steam;
• a compressor inhaler is a device equipped with a compressor that forms an aerosol cloud from a medicinal solution;
• an ultrasonic inhaler or nebulizer is a device that can also spray a medicinal solution for inhalation in the form of an aerosol, but not due to the built-in compressor, but using a special ultrasonic emitter;
• a saline inhaler is a device that, under the influence of which, particles of saline based on sea salt enter the lower and upper respiratory tract of a person;
• a mesh inhaler is an electronic mesh device that forms an aerosol cloud from a medical device by passing it through a vibrating membrane.

Steam inhalers

These are the simplest and most widely used devices for inhalation. It is noteworthy that this particular type of device can be easily replaced at home with a container of hot water and get a similar therapeutic effect.

More importantly, steam models are much cheaper than other types of inhalers, in addition to being easy to operate. As they say, even a child can handle them.

It is also important to emphasize that for inhalation using a steam inhaler, you do not need to buy special medicines at the pharmacy, such as for a nebulizer. For the procedure, you can use various decoctions and infusions of medicinal herbs, of course, if there is no allergy to them.

Another important advantage of this variety can be considered that during steam inhalation, the sinuses warm up. However, this device has a number of disadvantages, for example, a steam inhaler for children is far from always suitable.

Often parents ask the question of whether it is possible to do inhalations at a temperature for children. So, elevated body temperature is a contraindication to the use of a steam inhaler, and you should not use the device in the presence of vascular diseases.

Another important negative point can be considered the impossibility of using many specialized medicinal solutions for steam inhalation, which cannot be dispensed with in the treatment of a number of serious diseases of the respiratory system of the body. The principle of operation of a steam inhaler is very simple.

As we said above, it can be replaced with a container of hot water, into which a medicinal solution is added and the steam is inhaled, covering the head with a towel. So in the main compartment of the steam inhaler, a solution for inhalation is poured. The mixture is heated to a certain temperature, evaporating, the steam rises through the tube and the person inhales it through the oral cavity.

The simplest inhaler models do not involve the regulation of the temperature of the solution, which excludes the possibility of their use for the treatment of young children. However, in more advanced models, you can choose the heating temperature of the mixture for inhalation and such steam cough inhalers for children are acceptable for use.

They will help answer the question of which inhaler is better reviews of people who have already tested certain models of the apparatus on themselves. Perhaps the most popular is the Chamomile steam inhaler, which is produced by the Berdsk Electromechanical Plant (RF). We think that this device is familiar to many from early childhood.

Currently, you can buy a steam inhaler Camomile-3. This third-generation device has become an indispensable assistant for many, and not only in the treatment of diseases of the upper respiratory tract. The steam inhaler is also suitable for use in home cosmetology.

In accordance with the instructions for use, this steam device can be used:

• for the treatment of colds with the help of inhalation using decoctions and infusions of medicinal herbs;
• to improve the skin of the face and neck;
• for aromatherapy;
• for indoor air humidification.

The following solutions for inhalation are suitable for a steam inhaler:

• saline (a mixture of table or sea salt and water);
• soda (a mixture of soda and water, you can add salt);
• saline;
• decoctions of medicinal herbs based on pharmacy fees of calendula, chamomile, sage, licorice, plantain and others;
• essential oils.

It is important to emphasize that which children's inhaler is better, it is advisable to ask a pediatrician. Not all types of steam inhalers are suitable for children. As we mentioned above, for each age it is worth choosing the appropriate type of inhalation (steam, wet, thermo-moist) and, accordingly, the device for this procedure.

Let's talk about how much an inhaler costs. The price will depend on the manufacturer, as well as on the functionality of the device. For example, a steam inhaler WN -18 "Miracle Steam" from B. Well (Great Britain) will cost an average of 3,000 rubles, and the domestic "Chamomile" is half the price.

Inhalation with a nebulizer

Nebulizer - This is a specialized device for inhalation, based on the use of a dispersed ultra-small spray of highly active medicinal substances, which enter the patient's respiratory tract through a mouthpiece (breathing tube) or mask. This type of inhalers is considered more progressive and effective.

It's all about how the device works. Since the device forms an aerosol cloud from the drug for inhalation with a nebulizer, its vapors penetrate into all parts of the respiratory system, which makes it possible to treat a wide range of diseases using the procedure. In addition, medications for the nebulizer are quickly absorbed and hit right on target, i.е. into the upper or lower respiratory tract without getting lost along the way in the nasal cavity.

What is the best nebulizer?

Before answering this question, it is worth understanding what devices are, as well as what their strengths and weaknesses are. So, there are the following types of nebulizers:

• Convection is the most common type of device, during which an aerosol cloud is continuously formed. Medicines enter the human body when inhaling, and when exhaling, the aerosol enters the external environment. As a result, about 70% of the generated drug vapors are lost.
• Venturi nebulizers are devices that are activated by inhalation, i.e. the aerosol is constantly formed, as well as during the operation of a convection nebulizer, but it is released only when the person takes a breath. The main advantage of this type can be considered a reduction in the loss of vapors of the inhaled drug solution inhaled by the patient, which contributes to an increase in the effectiveness of therapy using a neulizer and a reduction in the operating time of the device.
• Breath-synchronized nebulizers are dosimetric devices that form an aerosol cloud only during inhalation, which makes it possible to significantly save the medicinal solution for inhalation.
• Jet or compressor devices are devices that convert drugs that are liquid in consistency into a fine cloud of aerosols using oxygen or air. Such devices consist of a compressor, which acts as an aerosol cloud generator and an atomizer. The compressor type of inhalers differs from other devices not only in technical characteristics (the presence of a compressor that produces an aerosol cloud from a medicinal solution for inhalation), but also in application features. Many people wonder what medicines can be used with a compressor inhaler. After all, for a steam device, in principle, there are no specialized medical devices for inhalation. In the case of a compressor apparatus, everything is much simpler. There are simply no taboos for this versatile inhaler. This means that, using it for inhalation, you can safely use it as traditional herbal preparations , saline or soda solution , as well as drugs that have mucolytic , bronchodilators , antitussives , anti-inflammatory And antiseptic properties. It is important to emphasize that in the case of properly selected medicines, it is compressor inhalers that bronchial asthma , at tracheitis , at tuberculosis , at chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (Further COPD ) and in many other respiratory diseases can give a stable and rapid therapeutic effect. This type of inhaler is safe for children of any age. True, not all compressor inhalers are suitable for the use of oil-based preparations and essential oils. It's all about the design features of the devices. However, there are universal devices that are “not afraid” of medicines of any composition.
• Ultrasonic nebulizers are devices that use ultrasound, namely the energy of high-frequency vibrations of piezocrystals, to convert the mixture for inhalation into vapors. In comparison with the compressor device, the ultrasonic one wins due to silent operation, portability, as well as the constancy and uniformity of the particles of the aerosol cloud. However, these models have a number of significant shortcomings. For example, during the operation of an ultrasonic nebulizer, the chemical structure of the drug used for inhalation may be destroyed due to an increase in temperature. As a result, therapy with such a modified medical agent may be ineffective. It is also important to note that not all nebulizer solutions are suitable for use in an ultrasound device, for example, viscous oily drugs or suspensions.

So, it is advisable to conclude which nebulizer is better based on the reviews of people who have tried various types of devices on themselves, and taking into account the above information on technical characteristics, as well as on the main minuses and pluses of the devices.

You need to think about which compression, ultrasonic or conventional convection nebulizer is better, as well as choose such a device for home use, taking into account its average price and manufacturer. How much does a nebulizer cost?

The price of the device depends on its type, as well as the country of manufacture. On average, a nebulizer with a standard set of functions will cost 2500-3000 rubles, there are also more budget models for 1500-2000 rubles, produced by not so well-known companies. The cost of specialized or children's models in the form of animals, for example, can start from 3500-4000 rubles.

Solutions for inhalation for nebulizer

Before using any appliance, including nebulizer , you should carefully read the instructions for its use. To carry out inhalation correctly, you need not only to know how to use the device, but also what can be poured into the nebulizer from medicines in order to get the expected therapeutic effect.

Let's talk in more detail about which medications are suitable for use as solutions for nebulizer inhalers for coughs and other respiratory diseases. We will answer the question of how to breathe with a cold through a nebulizer.

Medicines for inhalation for cough and runny nose

As we have repeatedly repeated above, inhalations for rhinitis effectively help both to relieve the unpleasant symptoms of the disease and to cure the very cause of the disease. Experts believe that the use of an inhaler with special solutions for a cold solves several important problems.

The device moisturizes the mucous membranes of the nose, makes the secretion less abundant and viscous, which helps to remove it from the body, eliminates itching in the nasal passages, reduces swelling and softens the crusts, which often prevent small children from sleeping and eating peacefully.

There are enough recipes for inhalation with a nebulizer for a cold, for which both drugs and traditional medicine are used.

Perhaps the most common prescription for a runny nose for children and adults is inhalation with mineral water, saline, salt or soda.

Mineral water or saline is the same weak alkaline or saline solution (sodium chloride), but only already prepared in the right proportion suitable for inhalation.

Soda solution, to which sea salt is often added, will also do a great job with a runny nose. They can rinse the sinuses or use through a nebulizer. It is worth noting that in modern pharmacies there is already a ready-made solution for inhalation of sodium bicarbonate or "Soda-buffer" on sale, the dosage of soda in which is adjusted to a milligram.

However, this solution must also be diluted with saline, otherwise the medicine cannot be used in a nebulizer. To enhance the therapeutic effect, medicinal herbs (chamomile, sage, eucalyptus leaves, plantain, bay leaf, mint, St. John's wort) and essential oils are added to the soda solution. Inhalations with chamomile or eucalyptus oil help not only with the common cold, but also with other respiratory diseases.

With a runny nose, you can use immunostimulating drugs containing. For example, it is well suited for inhalation with a nebulizer. Antibacterial and antiseptic preparations ( Fluimucil , , , , ) will be effective at runny nose and at sinusitis .

Also in the nebulizer, you can use such anti-inflammatory drugs How or Malavit. As indicated in the instructions for use of Rotokan and Malavit, the composition of medicines includes mainly plant components, for example, calendula extract, chamomile, yarrow, Siberian cedar resin, oak bark and others.

Therefore, these drugs can be used only if a person does not have an allergy. In addition, at runny nose inhalations with propolis (tincture) and eucalyptus (extract), which also have anti-inflammatory properties, will effectively help.

Some hormonal drugs, such as , or Kromhexal , it is also permissible to use in a nebulizer when rhinitis .

We talked about what inhalations to do with a cold, now we’ll figure out how to breathe through a nebulizer with dry cough , at sore throat or when bronchitis . Let's start with the fact that rhinitis, cough or sore throat weakly alkaline and saline solutions are effective, which are easy to prepare and accessible to most.

In order to prepare such a mixture for inhalation, you need to have water (preferably distilled), sea or table salt or baking soda on hand. Ready-made analogues of the above described means can be considered saline or mineral water. For inhalation, you can use ready-made breast fees sold in a pharmacy.

However, with them, as with other herbal medicines, you need to be extremely careful. Do not resort to the help of infusions or decoctions of medicinal herbs if a person has an allergy. With a strong suffocating cough, inhalations with Lazolvan , the dosage of which the attending physician will help you choose, with a dry cough - Beroduali , , , which are drugs that dilate the bronchi.

If the cough is dry and barking, then inhalation in a nebulizer with , , , , as well as with . Propolis and calendula effectively stop the inflammatory process that accompanies a dry cough. With a wet cough in a nebulizer, use , , Furacilin .

In addition, inhalations with, as well as with slightly alkaline and saline solutions, will be effective.

Inhalation at laryngitis should be done an hour or two after eating. Within half an hour after the procedure, it is better to refrain from talking, and you should not smoke, drink or eat. At laryngitis during inhalation, it is worth inhaling through the mouth, and exhaling, on the contrary, through the nose.

If several drugs are prescribed, then they should be used in the following sequence:

• first - bronchodilators ;
• after 15 minutes - expectorants ;
• in custody - anti-inflammatory or antiseptic drugs.

Inhalations for bronchitis

Depending on the type of disease, the doctor prescribes certain drugs. Inhalations for bronchitis at home can be done only after consulting a specialist.

The procedure is usually prescribed drugs such as:

• Miramistin , Dioxidine And Chlorhexidine – A antiseptic agents designed to fight the viral nature of the disease;
• Ambroxol , Lazolvan, Ambrobene - mucolytics, which help to remove and thin sputum;
• Derinat - immunomodulator;
• , extracts of tea tree, fir, sage, calendula, eucalyptus oil - natural anti-inflammatory agents;
• Tobramycin , Gentamicin , , ACC - antibiotics that kill harmful bacteria;
• Ventolin , Berotek or Berodual - bronchodilators, drugs that dilate the bronchi;
• Xylometazoline , Naphthyzin , Oxymetazoline (nasal drops) - vasoconstrictors are used for pronounced swelling of the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract;
• hormonal agents.

Effective drugs for inhalation with bronchitis in children, only a pediatrician can prescribe. However, one cannot ignore such safe methods of treating bronchitis at home as inhalations with saline, saline, soda and slightly alkaline solutions.

Procedures with the above remedies will help moisturize the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract, which will reduce pain. In addition, they effectively thin and remove mucus.

Inhalations for pharyngitis

Pharyngitis is a disease that affects the lymphoid tissue and mucous membranes of the pharynx. The cause of the disease can be both the inhalation of polluted or too cold air, and the pathogenic effect on the body of harmful microorganisms. Depending on the causative agent of the disease, the doctor selects drugs for treatment pharyngitis .

Antibiotics with pharyngitis in adults or children, it is prescribed if the development of the disease was provoked by the bacteria of staphylococcus, streptococcus or pneumococcus. Antiviral drugs and immunomodulating agents are effective if pharyngitis occurs against the background of influenza or other types SARS .

For the treatment of the disease, not only the drug method is used. At pharyngitis rinses are effective, as well as inhalations. At home, you can use simple devices for steam inhalation (tanks with a solution for inhalation and hot water) or specialized devices.

Solutions for inhalation with pharyngitis:

• soda or saline solution;
• saline;
• infusions and decoctions of medicinal herbs (calendula, St. John's wort, chamomile);
• essential oils and extracts (sage, oak bark, eucalyptus, pine, mint, juniper);
• herbal preparations (, Malavit , Tonsilgon );
• antiseptic drugs ( Fluimucil , Miramistin , Dioxidine ).

Inhalation with a nebulizer is a method of therapy for diseases of the respiratory organs. The method is carried out using a special device and preparation solutions. It is considered more effective than standard oral medication. Nebulizer sessions are suitable for both adults and children. However, it is better to be prescribed by a doctor. Here are general recommendations on how to do inhalation with a nebulizer for a child and an adult correctly and for how many minutes.

How many minutes to do inhalation

The duration of the session depends on the diagnosis, the age of the patient and the characteristics of the solution.

Kids time:

• babies under 5 years old - from 2 to 5 minutes;
• children from 5 years old - 5-7 minutes;
• adolescents from 12 years old - 5-10 minutes.

It is better to start the first inhalations from 1-2 minutes, increasing the time every day. Especially if the baby is 2-3 years old.

Fact: exceeding the norm for the duration of the session complicates the disease, and does not cure it.

For babies, they do not recommend longer than 7 minutes. For many children, it is difficult to stay in the same position for a long time. From a long session, the child may get tired, which will cause him to dislike further treatment. It is possible to divide the procedure into two parts: the first 2-3 minutes - carry out, the next 2-3 minutes - through the nose. In total, you get 4-6 minutes in a row.

How many times a day do inhalations

The number of procedures per day is also prescribed by the doctor.

Some drugs are indicated for use three times a day. These include:

• miramistin;
• berodual;
• tussamag;
• chlorophyllipt.

The frequency of sessions for children is from 1 to 2 times a day. If the patient is one or two years old - 1 time per day.

If the solution is used physiologically, inhalations are carried out 2 to 4 times a day.

How many days to do inhalation: duration of the course

The duration of inhalation therapy varies depending on the pathology and the drug.

The classic duration of an adult course is from 5 to 11 days. Sometimes an adult needs 14-20 days, but rarely.

The standard term for children is from 3 to 6 days.

Inhalations with the addition should not be carried out for more than 5 days. Inhalations using ACC should not last more than 10 days. Sessions with the use of mineral water can take the maximum time - up to the disappearance of the manifestations of the disease.

Tip: The optimal children's period is 3-4 days.

Examples of drugs and dosages:

• With dry cough, berodual is prescribed. For one session, you need 40 drops of medicine (for adults and adolescents), at the age of 6 to 12 - 20 drops, up to 5 years - 10 drops. In time, it does not take more than 10 minutes. The drug is diluted with three milliliters of saline. Inhalation procedures are done 3 times a day for up to 5 days.
• When the cough is wet, lazolvan or ambrobene is prescribed. The drugs are diluted with saline in equal proportions. Babies under 2 years old - one milliliter of funds, from 2 to 6 years old need 2 ml, older and adults - 2-3 ml. The number of sessions - 1-2 times a day. The course lasts 5 days.
• With bacteriobronchitis, furatsilin is taken. One inhalation requires 4 ml of the product. Do in the morning and at bedtime for 5 days.

How much time to do inhalation should be determined by the doctor.

How to conduct an inhalation session

Inhalation with a nebulizer requires compliance with a number of rules:

• Wash your hands thoroughly before the procedure. Soap must be used.
• First of all, saline solution is poured and only then - the drug. Refuel - only with sterile syringes and needles.
• The nebulizer cup must be tightly closed, the mouthpiece must always be in a straight position and point up or down.
• The mouthpiece is placed in the mouth. The lips fit tightly to the device so that the entire volume of the drug reaches the lungs.
• You need to breathe through your mouth until all the drug is finished. You can use a nose clip. The mask is good for the child. In the treatment of nasopharyngeal and throat diseases, the drug is inhaled through the nose and exhaled through the mouth. To avoid coughing.
• The container in which the medicine was was washed with water and dried in air until the next session.
• Inhalation is done with a liquid whose temperature does not exceed 56 degrees. Otherwise, a burn may occur.
• You can eat and drink only after an hour or half an hour after inhalation. Also, you should not eat 1.5-2 hours before inhalation.
• According to the recommendations of doctors, after the procedure, you should not talk for 15-20 minutes.

As a rule, the procedure is carried out in a sitting position or standing. However, there are options for nebulizers that make it possible to carry out inhalations while lying down.

Tip: after each session, sterilization of the device is required. All the details are boiling.

It is advisable to boil all parts of the nibulizer at the end of each inhalation. Especially if several people use the inhaler. Otherwise, bacteria that like a humid environment will begin to multiply rapidly.

What diseases can inhalation help with?

Why the nebulizer is more effective than other methods:

• the drug gets to its destination faster - directly into the respiratory tract;
• sprayed solution covers almost the entire surface of the mucosa;
• the drug is absorbed into the blood faster, accelerating recovery;
• microbes during inhalation leave the body faster, improving the care of sputum and mucus.

In what cases are nebulizer inhalations indicated:

• for the prevention of pathologies of the upper respiratory tract;
• for the treatment of nasopharyngeal edema, runny nose, SARS, acute respiratory infections, etc.;
• with tracheal and laryngeal diseases (laryngitis, tracheitis, pharyngitis);
• with asthma, pneumonia and other inflammations of the lower respiratory tract, bronchi or alveoli;
• for the treatment of allergic symptoms associated with sneezing, coughing, runny nose and sore throats;
• in the prevention of operational consequences associated with damage to the respiratory organs;
• to prevent problems with the respiratory organs after surgery.

Do not use an inhaler if you have:

• an allergic response to the components in the solution;
• elevated temperature (more than 37.5 degrees);
• weakness of blood vessels in the nasal passages;
• polyp formations in the respiratory tract;
• heart attack or stroke less than 8 months before therapy;
• heart failure;
• cerebral atherosclerosis of vessels;
• pulmonary insufficiency of the third severity;
• arterial insufficiency;
• pleurisy;
• pulmonary inflammation in severe form;
• arrhythmia.

Especially inhalations should be avoided with pulmonary bleeding and recurrence of pneumothorax.

• newborns should undergo the procedure exclusively at the hospital under the supervision of a specialist;
• the temperature should also be no higher than 37.5 degrees;
• a small child should be calm. If he is naughty, inhalation is done only after he calms down.

In addition, the nebulizer is not suitable for oil inhalation. This can lead to oil pneumonia. The fact is that the oil settles in the lungs, without affecting the upper respiratory tract.

Thus, the nebulizer is a useful and effective device that is indispensable for pathologies of the respiratory system. However, its application requires compliance with a number of rules, so that later you do not have to be treated for complications. The period of application of inhalations depends on the specific disease and the age of the patient. Therefore, you should not self-medicate - you should definitely consult a doctor. Only with well-chosen dosages can therapy be effective.