Diet for colitis: a menu for various manifestations of inflammation of the large intestine. Diet for chronic colitis: general recommendations and indicative menu What can you eat when chronic colitis

Colitis is an extremely unpleasant inflammatory bowel disease, which is characterized by frequent urination and severe pain in the lower abdomen during them. In the feces of the patient, there may be particles of food that have not been digested in the digestive tract. Alas, this pathology can end very, very badly.

Where to begin?

Disappointing statistics say that chronic colitis becomes the cause of colorectal in about 25-30% of all cases. Diet for intestinal colitis is the basis of its adequate therapy. However, it should be emphasized that only a gastroenterologist should prescribe it, taking into account all indications, contraindications and individual characteristics of the patient.

The basics of nutrition for intestinal colitis are the same as for any dietary treatment table. The rules of diet therapy always imply the rejection of any products that provoke the progression of the disease, as well as the enrichment of the diet with food that can regulate the digestive processes.

In general, the diet in this case does not imply anything complicated, and even includes sufficiently high-calorie foods enriched with protein and coarse fibers (fiber).

At the same time, fats, especially animals, as well as sugar and empty carbohydrates, are sharply limited. If you have any bowel problems associated with constipation, you will also benefit from such a healthy diet.

Entry into the diet for colitis

In order to restore normal bowel function and normalize its motility, you will have to follow some nutritional rules for a certain time, until the painful symptoms of colitis stop, and the inflammation itself completely subsides. The first thing you should prepare for is the global "cleansing" event. It includes a two-day abstinence from any food (liquid - inclusive), as well as enemas. Two days you should drink enough water (at least 1.5-2 liters per day). You can also drink tea without sugar and blueberry juice (but only natural and without added sugar). You can drink dried fruit compote, especially if you suffer from stool disorders due to illness. If colitis is accompanied by diarrhea, this should not be done.

As you understand, it is necessary to get out of fasting, even such a short one, correctly. After the abstinence from food stops, introduce apples into your diet. It is advisable to eat them in a pureed form, i.e., mash them. You can also bake them in the oven (but not in the microwave!). Fruit must be peeled.

On the third day of fasting, you can slightly expand the diet, depending on your own well-being.

However, in the taboo zone, there should still be products that irritate the walls of the organ and provoke inflammatory processes.

You should not turn to those foods that significantly enhance the natural motility of the intestine - this can adversely affect its functioning at the moment. But it is very desirable to strengthen the organs of the digestive tract, and for this it is worth using mucous liquids (oatmeal decoctions, jelly, etc.). Awakening the secretion of gastric juice is not recommended, so sour vegetables and fruits should be discarded. For example, citrus fruits should be banned for you for now. After the third day of therapeutic fasting, semolina and rice should be included in your menu (again, in a pureed form). Meat puree is allowed.

But keep in mind that meat should not be classified as fatty varieties. Ideally, if it becomes a bird, especially turkey or chicken fillet.

Basic rules of nutrition for intestinal colitis

The result of numerous studies and debates among gastroenterologists and nutritionists has been the conclusion that food has little or no direct effect on the development of colitis. However, "special" food can alleviate the patient's condition if the pathology has already taken him by surprise.

You can stop not only the manifestations of the disease, but also ensure reliable prevention of its exacerbations. And for this you need to know which foods should be eaten, and which ones are better to temporarily refuse.

Fiber, in view of the many laudatory odes in its favor, is strongly associated with something extremely important for our body.

But it is important to know that there are two types of fiber, and each of them carries a certain benefit and risk for intestinal colitis:

• Insoluble fiber, or coarse dietary fiber that is not digested by the body, is extremely harmful in such pathologies. Their components can attach to the walls of the colon and provoke an exacerbation of colitis. Insoluble fiber is important to completely eliminate from the diet in any form of colitis. Among the "popular" foods enriched with it are grapes, apple peel, sweet corn, white cabbage, pasta, instant cereals and cereals, whole grain bread;
• Soluble fiber, in contrast to the previous one, is very useful for patients suffering from colitis. It is mandatory included in the diet for acute and chronic, as well as ulcerative and intestinal colitis. It has the unique ability to regulate intestinal smooth muscle motility, as well as soften stools and prevent long-term constipation. It can be found in the following products: potatoes, beets, boiled carrots, apples and pears (only without peel!), oatmeal, white polished rice. Soluble fiber is the basis of dietary table number 3 - a diet that is prescribed to patients with a wide variety of intestinal dysfunctions.

It is important to organize your nutrition based on this basic principle. You should also make up for the lack of animal fats by consuming pure fish oil. And even if you don’t associate this fact with the most “bitter” childhood memory, now it’s not at all necessary to drink it in its pure, as they say, “original” form.

There are special capsules made from pure fish oil, which should be taken according to the instructions for the drug. In addition, fish oil in this form is easier and faster absorbed by the body.

To restore normal bowel function, you should pay attention to the amount of dairy and sour-milk products in your daily diet. The therapeutic diet does not exclude, but limits them. With an excess of this food in the patient's diet, his condition can significantly worsen against the background of the activity of lactobacilli that reside in such food.

Therefore, the total amount of milk consumed should not exceed 100 g per day.

What foods can you eat with colitis?

• Vegetables (in particular, green leafy ones) in the form of mashed stew, mashed potatoes or cutlets without a crust (optimally steamed). It is especially worth leaning on pumpkin, zucchini, boiled cauliflower;
• Boiled fruits, as well as kissels, compotes, jams and marmalades based on them (but with a limited amount of sugar!);
• Dairy and sour-milk products - whole milk, fresh kefir, mashed cottage cheese of medium fat content, non-acidic sour cream. Natural yogurt is excluded;
• Chicken eggs - no more than one piece per day, only boiled;
• Fish and seafood (especially steamed or chopped);
• Meat (lean), especially poultry, veal or beef;
• Butter - butter, ghee or olive;
• Flour and bakery products - white and black bread, biscuit cookies, rich buns, dry biscuits, crackers.

What foods should be completely eliminated?

• Fatty fish and fatty meat;
• Smoked meats and sausages;
• Pickles and marinades;
• Canned food and semi-finished products;
• Raw vegetables and fruits;
• Mushrooms;
• legumes;
• Some cereals - millet, pearl barley, barley porridge;
• Tea with milk, carbonated drinks, coffee (both natural and instant).

As drinks, in addition to water, you can use rosehip broth, fruit compotes and jelly, phytotherapeutic decoctions (but only from herbs that do not have a pronounced laxative effect).

chronic colitis- is an inflammatory-dystrophic disease of the mucous membrane of the colon, in which its motor (motor) function, water absorption and excretion of feces are disturbed.

Characteristics of chronic colitis

In the development of chronic colitis are important acute intestinal infections (dysentery, salmonellosis, yersiniosis etc.), after which inflammatory reactions of the mucous membrane and intoxication may remain for a long time. Cause chronic colitis is often:

• irregular, unsystematic nutrition,
• abuse of spicy, fried, irritating, refined foods,
• lack of vegetables, fruits in the diet, as well as
• helminthic invasions (roundworm, pork and bovine tapeworm, etc.).

Also can cause this disease:

• toxic effects lead, mercury, arsenic, bismuth(especially if they are factors of occupational hazard),
• long-term use of some medicines (antibiotics, sulfonamides, laxatives),
• food allergy.

Chronic colitis usually occurs with recurring exacerbations, during which the patient is most concerned about pain in the abdomen, associated primarily with an increase in tone and increased motor activity (peristalsis) of the intestines.

Pain, as a rule, aching-pressive, colic-like, begins about 30 minutes after ingestion of spicy, irritating food, beer, alcohol, or before a stool. The pain is localized in the lateral sections, in the middle and lower abdomen, sometimes in the right or left hypochondrium or does not have a clear localization. It may be aggravated by jolting riding, jumping, heat treatment (paraffin, mud, hot water bottle) and after enemas, and relieved by stool and flatulence.

The most characteristic symptom of chronic colitis is stool disorders. Most often, patients suffer for a long time constipation, their stool, as a rule, is in small portions, lumpy, dense, sometimes with mucus. Less commonly observed "unstable" stool, when diarrhea is replaced by constipation. Many patients note bloating and rumbling in the abdomen, an unpleasant taste in the mouth, belching with air, irritability, headache, fatigue. Appetite is usually normal, body weight is not reduced.

With a predominant lesion rectum and sigmoid colon(proctosigmoiditis) pain occurs in the left side of the abdomen, a feeling of pressure, fullness in the rectum, mushy or hard stools several times a day without a feeling of complete emptying of the bowels. So-called "false urges" are possible, in which only gases or a small amount of mucus are released.

Treatment is prescribed by a doctor after identifying in each case the cause and mechanism of the development of the disease, for this patient is carefully examined.

The most important fundamental value in the treatment of chronic colitis belongs to diet and medical nutrition. And although the doctor prescribes therapeutic nutrition to each patient individually, patients should know the basic principles of this diet in order to more consciously participate in the healing process.

Diet for exacerbation of colitis with diarrhea

With an exacerbation of colitis that occurs with diarrhea or loose stools, nutrition should be complete and balanced in terms of protein, fat and carbohydrates. Table salt is limited to 8-10 grams per day. Food should be boiled or steamed, although baked vegetable, meat and fish dishes without a rough crust may be allowed. The patient should eat 5-6 times a day.

ALLOWED:

• yesterday's wheat bread, crackers, dry biscuits.
• Soups are prepared on low-fat meat or fish broth with well-boiled cereals (barley, rice, buckwheat, oatmeal) or finely chopped vegetables (potatoes, carrots, zucchini, cauliflower, pumpkin).
• Showing dishes from low-fat varieties of meat and poultry (beef without visible fat, veal, rabbit, chicken, turkey) - steam cutlets, meatballs, dumplings, soufflé.
• Fish should also be low-fat varieties (perch, bream, pike, cod, perch, hake, ice), boiled or steamed.
• Potatoes, zucchini, pumpkin, carrots, green peas are served pureed - mashed potatoes, steam soufflés, puddings.
• Various cereals, except for millet, are cooked in water with the addition of cream and a small amount of butter (5 g per serving).
• Also shown are steam omelettes, soft-boiled eggs (no more than two pieces a day), freshly prepared cottage cheese in its natural form or cottage cheese pudding, dumplings with cottage cheese, jelly and pureed compotes, jelly, mousses from sweet varieties of berries and fruits, jelly marmalade, marshmallows, baked apples, pears, tea, rosehip broth.
• Bay leaf, dill, parsley leaves, cinnamon are used for tolerance, butter is added to ready meals no more than 5-10 g per reception.

PROHIBITED:

• rye bread from wholemeal flour, fresh bread of all varieties, pastry and puff pastry products;
• legume soups, milk soups, cabbage soup, borscht, pickle;
• fatty meat, duck, goose, smoked meats, sausages, canned food;
• fatty, salted, smoked fish, canned fish;
• natural milk, spicy salty cheeses;
• hard boiled and fried eggs;
• white cabbage, beets, radishes, radishes, onions, garlic, beans, rutabagas, turnips, sorrel, spinach, mushrooms, horseradish, peppers, spicy sauces,
• as well as grapes, apricots, plums, ice cream, chocolate, cakes, grape, plum, apricot juices, kvass, spirits, carbonated drinks, coffee.

This diet should be followed 4-5 weeks, and sometimes for several months, until complete normalization of bowel functions (remission) is achieved.

Diet after the inflammatory process subsides (remission)

Subsequently, ALLOWED:

• dishes of varying degrees of grinding and not crushed, boiled, steamed, stewed, baked, fried without the formation of a rough crust;
• soups on low-fat meat, fish broth, vegetable broth,
• boiled and raw vegetables,
• sweet foods and drinks.

From the diet EXCLUDED only:

• individually intolerant foods, and
• alcohol, beer,
• smoked meats, canned food,
• radish, radish, swede, garlic, pepper, mustard, horseradish,
• mushrooms,
• beef, lamb and cooking fats,
• fatty and spicy sauces,
• grape juice,
• kvass,
• carbonated drinks,
• coffee.

Read also:

Features of the diet for constipation

Patients with chronic colitis constipation, which are based on decrease in tone and weakening of peristalsis colon, the diet must include foods rich in dietary fiber(vegetable fiber). contained in them cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and lignin have the ability to absorb water and increase in volume, which accelerates the passage of feces, normalizes peristalsis and bowel movements.

The most pronounced LAPTIVE ACTION possess black bread from wholemeal flour and wheat bran bread"Health", "Barvikhinsky", "Rus", as well as "Starazhytny", "Zernyshko". Stimulate intestinal peristalsis raw vegetables and fruits, especially beets, fresh and sauerkraut, carrots, turnips, pumpkins, zucchini, Jerusalem artichoke, lettuce, cauliflower, which are used in their natural form and in salads, as well as nuts, tangerines, oranges, bananas, figs, dates, prunes, dried apricots, apricots, apples, black currants in any form, fresh blackberries, viburnum, blueberries. If tolerated, the diet may include herring, lemonade, fruit drinks saturated with carbon dioxide, kvass, dill, celery, parsley, lovage, bay leaf, cinnamon.

Moderately irritate the intestines and increase peristalsis jams, honey, vegetable and fruit juices, diluted in half with water, especially beet-carrot (50 ml of juice 2 times a day, but not more than 7-10 days in a row), one-day kefir, vegetable oil (sunflower, olive, linseed).

A set of products for the day (in grams): bread - 400, meat - 100-120, fish - 110, eggs - 1-2 pieces, cottage cheese - 100, flour and cereals - 60-70, sugar - 50-60, butter butter - 30, vegetable oil - 40-50, vegetables, including potatoes - 800-1000, fruits - 150-300.

You can also use the following tips: in the morning on an empty stomach, drink 1 glass of raw water at room temperature with the addition of 10 g of sugar and a slice of lemon.

Or drink 1 glass of cold water with a tablespoon of the following mixture: mince 50 g of pitted prunes and figs, add 1 tablespoon of honey and 1 teaspoon of crushed Alexandrian leaf (senna).

In the morning and during the day, the menu may include SALADS:

• from boiled beets with the addition of dill, parsley and 1 tablespoon of vegetable oil;
• from raw carrots with fresh herbs (for 1 serving - 100 g) - 80 g of carrots, 20 g of sour cream, 0.2 g of citric acid, dill, 0.5-0.8 g of parsley, 0.2 g of salt;
• from cabbage and carrots with sour cream;
• from nettle with garlic: pour young nettle leaves for 5 minutes. boiling water, discard in a colander, chop, add a little garlic, dill, parsley, season with sour cream or vegetable oil;
• salad with oatmeal or wheat flakes: grate 2 small apples on a coarse grater, add 0.5 tsp. cinnamon, 1 tbsp. l. honey, 2 tbsp. l. flakes, mix, leave for 30-40 minutes. Apples can be replaced with 1 orange, and instead of cinnamon, add raisins, prunes or dried apricots.

It is extremely useful to enrich food with wheat bran. You should start taking bran with 1 teaspoon per day, increasing the dose to 1 teaspoon 3 times a day for a week. With good tolerance, they switch to taking 1 tablespoon of bran 2-3 times a day. The term of admission is not limited.

How to cook bran to the reception? The measured dose of bran should be poured over 1/2 cup of boiling water, insisted for 5 minutes, after which the supernatant should be drained. Bran is added to soups, cereals, salads, to cutlet mass as a filler, to dough for pancakes, buns. They can be eaten in pure form or with soaked raisins, prunes.

For those suffering from persistent constipation, the following recipe may be useful: 1 tablespoon of bran, prepared for admission, pour 150 ml of one-day kefir, leave for 30 minutes, add 1 teaspoon of vegetable oil before taking, mix. It is better to take at night.

Those who add bran to their food should drink up to 6-8 glasses of fluid a day. You can drink water, vitamin teas, dried fruit infusions (apples, raisins, prunes, dried apricots).

Sick with constipation CONTRAINDICATED:

• bread and bakery products made from premium wheat flour,
• refractory fats (beef, lamb, duck, goose),
• fried with a rough crust meat and fish,
• smoked meats, spices, spicy sauces, peppers, mustard, strong broths,
• radish, radish,
• strong tea, black coffee, chocolate,
• mushrooms,
• limited to cereals from semolina and rice cereals, legumes, garlic.

At the same time, the following is important: taking laxatives, cleansing enemas, as a rule, do not save from constipation, but, on the contrary, only increase them over time. Therefore, enemas and laxatives can be used only on the recommendation of a doctor.

Mikhail Sakovich, Associate Professor of the Department of Gastroenterology and Dietology of BelSIUV.
Magazine "Health and Success", No. 9 for 1997.

Diet for constipation

When used: chronic bowel disease (constipation) in the absence of other diseases of the digestive system.

A physiologically complete diet is shown, including foods rich in coarse vegetable fiber, which stimulates intestinal motility.

It is forbidden:

• bread made from premium flour, puff and pastry;
• limit rice and semolina;
• fat meat;
• hard boiled and fried eggs;
• smoked, canned;
• radish, radish, garlic, onion, turnip, mushrooms;
• blueberries, quince, dogwood;
• chocolate, products with cream;
• animal and cooking fats;
• spicy and fatty sauces, horseradish, mustard, pepper;
• cocoa, black coffee, strong tea, jelly, alcohol.

Menu example

Breakfast. Fresh cabbage and carrot salad with sour cream (150 g), millet milk porridge (280 g), coffee with milk (180 g).
Lunch. Fresh apple.
Dinner. Vegetable soup with butter (400 g), boiled meat (55 g), stewed beets (180 g), fruit jelly (130 g).
afternoon tea. Soaked prunes (50 g).
Dinner. Cabbage rolls from vegetables with butter (200 g), buckwheat soup with cottage cheese (200 g), weak tea (180 g).
For the night. Kefir (180 g).
All day. Rye bread (150 g), wheat bran bread (200 g), butter (10 g), sugar (40 g).

Diet for diarrhea

When used: acute and chronic bowel disease, accompanied by diarrhea.

It is necessary to reduce the calorie content of food by limiting fats and carbohydrates, and the amount of protein should correspond to the physiological norm. It is necessary to avoid chemical, mechanical and temperature irritants, products that promote fermentation in the intestines.

Allowed:

• crackers and yesterday's white bread;
• soups on low-fat meat or fish broth with the addition of mucous decoctions of cereals, fried meat, steamed meatballs;
• steam or water-cooked cutlets, minced meat with boiled rice, boiled meat;
• lean fish boiled on steam or water;
• boiled pureed vegetables;
• rice, oatmeal, buckwheat porridge on the water;
• soft-boiled eggs or scrambled eggs;
• jelly and jelly from blueberries, dogwood, quince, pears, mashed raw apples;
• limit sugar;
• green tea, decoctions of wild rose, dried berries, bird cherry, black currant, blueberries in summer (1 cup in three doses).

Menu example

Breakfast. Fish steam cutlets, rice porridge on the water, mashed, tea.
Lunch. Unsalted curd.
Dinner. Soup-puree from meat, meatballs without garnish, decoction of blueberries.
afternoon tea. Sweet croutons from wheat bread, decoction of bird cherry.
Dinner. Steamed omelet, semolina porridge in meat broth.
For the night. Kissel from a decoction of dried blackcurrant fruits.
All day. Wheat bread croutons (100 g), sugar (40 g), butter (10 g).

General information about colitis: symptoms, diagnosis and treatment

Chronic colitis is an inflammation and atrophic changes in the mucous membrane of the large intestine. According to statistics, most often the disease is diagnosed in women after 30 and men after 40 years. Colitis is promoted by:

• Postponed infectious inflammation.
• Worms and protozoan infections that reduce immunity.
• Imbalance of microorganisms in the intestine.
• Intoxication.
• Long-term use of certain medications.
• Metabolism disorder.
• Lack of enzymes.
• food allergy.
• Wrong nutrition.

There are the following types of colitis:

• catarrhal.
• Erosive.
• atrophic.

Symptoms of all types of colitis are similar:

• Aching pain after eating.
• Diarrhea or constipation.
• Belching with a taste of bitterness.
• Nausea, sometimes vomiting.
• General weakness.
• Weight loss.

Often, patients have disturbed sleep, decreased appetite. In children and adolescents, the symptoms are less pronounced: the pain may be cramping and disappear after a bowel movement. There is diarrhea (often with mucus or blood), retraction of the abdomen, false urge to defecate. In infants, it is difficult to distinguish between a sign of colitis and dysbacteriosis, so a consultation with a gastroenterologist and a complete examination are necessary.

Diagnosis of the disease begins with an examination and history taking. A blood and feces analysis, an x-ray of the large intestine, and a colonoscopy are performed. Colitis should be treated depending on the cause of its occurrence. Most often there are inflammations of an infectious nature. The doctor prescribes:

• Treatment with antibiotics, taking into account the sensitivity of the microorganisms found (they can be injected or taken orally).
• Probiotics (bifidum, lactobacterin, etc.).
• Antispasmodics (drotaverine, no-shpa, etc.).
• Drugs that normalize stools (fastening or laxatives).
• If necessary, treatment with enzyme preparations is prescribed.

The appointment of a diet for chronic colitis is mandatory. All foods that disrupt intestinal motility or injure the mucosa are excluded from the diet.

Diet for colitis

The purpose of the diet is to reduce inflammation, reduce the intensity of putrefactive and fermentation processes, normalize bowel function, and ensure normal nutrition.

Diet for chronic intestinal colitis:

• It has a reduced energy value: you need to consume 200g of carbohydrates, 70g of proteins, 60g of fats.
• Chemical, thermal and mechanical irritants are excluded. Dishes should be crushed and grated. Watch the temperature of food: 50-55 degrees is recommended, too hot or cold food irritates the intestinal mucosa.
• Heat treatment is required. It is better to cook meat, fish, vegetables steamed or in the oven, boiled dishes are also useful. But you will have to forget about fried or stewed until crispy for a while.
• Nutrition in chronic colitis should be complete. It is necessary to include in the menu foods rich in vitamins A, B, PP.
• Do not prescribe enzyme preparations or vitamins for yourself - only a doctor can do this.
• You need to eat little by little, 5-6 times a day. Small portions will not damage the thin and inflamed walls of the large intestine.
• No more than 10 g of salt, 20 g of sugar and 15 g of butter are recommended per day.
• Train yourself to eat at the same time. The stomach will work according to the schedule, produce hydrochloric acid and juice in the right amount, which means that the digestion process will improve, and the load on the intestines will decrease.
• When switching to solid foods, chew the pieces thoroughly. You will not only grind food, but also carry out primary processing with saliva: the enzymes that it contains begin to break down food already at the beginning of the journey.
• Give up eating on the go and biting: it is harmful not only for the intestines, but also for the figure.
• Do not forget about the drinking regimen: the daily consumption rate is at least 1.5 liters of liquid.
• With colitis of the intestine with constipation, the peristalsis of the colon is weakened. The diet should be enriched with foods with vegetable fiber. They contain cellulose, pectin, lignin, perfectly absorb water and increase in volume, which means they accelerate the passage of feces. With colitis with constipation, it is useful to eat black bread, raw vegetables and fruits and greens.
• With diarrhea, you need to reduce the calorie content of food, limiting the amount of carbohydrates and fats.

Allowed and prohibited products

• Pureed porridge (rice, oatmeal buckwheat).
• Slimy rice water, low-fat broths.
• Fresh curd.
• Boiled meat (chicken, veal), lean fish.
• Kissels, water without gas, weak tea without sugar, rosehip broth.

After the disappearance of the symptoms of exacerbation, you can go to the treatment table 4B. The diet lasts from 2 to 4 months until bowel function is fully restored. The menu here is more varied:

• It is allowed to add turkey, rabbit meat.
• Vegetable soups with buckwheat and rice groats.
• Unsharp cheese.
• Soft-boiled eggs or steamed scrambled eggs.
• Well boiled vermicelli.
• Vegetables (potatoes, pumpkin, cauliflower, zucchini, carrots).
• Sour cream, butter and vegetable oil.
• Biscuits, stale white bread croutons.

Treatment table 4B is indicated for patients with colitis in remission. This is a complete, but the most sparing diet. You can eat fruits, drink juices, add lean ham, herring, spices, dried fruits, rye bread to the menu. Introduce new dishes in small portions. If unpleasant symptoms appear, return to the 4B diet.

From the diet completely excluded:

• Fatty meats (lamb, duck, pork).
• Fatty fish.
• Canned food, smoked meats, marinades, purchased sauces, including mayonnaise.
• Fresh milk, salty and spicy cheeses.
• Fried and hard boiled eggs.
• Legumes, cabbage, onions, turnips, radishes, beets, spinach, sorrel, mushrooms and rutabaga.
• Plums, apricots and grapes.
• Sweets and pastries, rye bread, fresh white bread.
• Carbonated drinks, kvass, coffee and alcohol.

Is a strict diet. With colitis during an exacerbation, it is recommended to pay special attention to catering.

Why does colitis occur and how does it proceed?

The most common cause of colitis is malnutrition. Violation of the regimen, eating junk food, and alcohol abuse do not have the best effect on the condition of the intestines. In addition, colitis can develop due to intestinal infection or helminthic invasion. Also, this disease often occurs when:

• prolonged use of antibiotics and abuse of laxatives;
• surgical interventions or injuries in the abdominal cavity;
• food allergies;
• frequent stress.

It should be noted that the course of colitis at the initial stage is not too pronounced. Unpleasant sensations are not permanent, but occur episodically and may alternate with each other. That is why people often neglect unpleasant symptoms without seeking medical help. So colitis flows into a chronic form with periodic exacerbations. To normalize the condition, you need a healthy diet. With colitis during an exacerbation, food should be sparing.

Main symptoms

Acute or accompanied by a number of unpleasant symptoms. The most common include the following:

• pain sensations that are localized in the lateral part of the abdomen (usually increase before a bowel movement or after eating harmful foods);
• bloating, accompanied by a feeling of fullness;
• frequent belching and flatulence;
• nausea and vomiting;
• violation of the chair;
• mucous and spotting during bowel movements;
• bitterness in the mouth in the morning;
• accompanying symptoms in the form of headache and physical weakness.

The principles of proper nutrition pin

Compliance with some mandatory rules requires a diet for colitis. During the period of exacerbation, as well as in order to prevent it, the following principles should be followed:

• you need to eat often and little by little (in total there should be about 6 meals during the day);
• food must be chewed thoroughly (each piece should have at least 30 jaw movements);
• every time before eating, it is advisable to eat a small peeled apple;
• refusal of solid and dry food;
• it is unacceptable to eat too hot or too cold foods;
• abundant fluid intake.

Diet number 4

What is the correct diet for colitis during an exacerbation? Specialists in the field of gastroenterology recommend adhering to a special menu. It is also known as Diet #4. It is characterized by the following features:

People suffering from chronic or acute colitis are advised to follow the so-called diet number 4. It includes food that not only does not harm the intestines, but also helps to maintain its functional state. So, a diet for colitis during an exacerbation involves the use of the following products:

• dairy products;
• slimy soups based on low-fat broth;
• white meat and fish, steamed or boiled;
• rice, semolina or oatmeal cooked in water;
• kissels and jelly based on fruits and berries;
• boiled eggs or scrambled eggs;
• rosehip decoction;
• fresh fruits and vegetables in grated form;
• hard cheeses (unsalted);
• cinnamon as a condiment.

Prohibited Products

A number of restrictions are characterized by a diet for colitis during an exacerbation. The list of prohibited foods is as follows:

• sausage and sausages;
• onions and garlic, as well as hot spices and spices;
• apricots and plums in any form;
• black bread;
• fresh bread and other flour products (especially baking);
• borsch;
• milk soups;
• alcoholic drinks;
• pickled and smoked products;
• whole milk;
• carbonated drinks;
• fried foods;
• coffee and chocolate;
• pasta;
• rich broths;
• fatty varieties of fish and meat;
• pearl barley;
• peas, beans and other legumes;
• concentrated juices.

Approximate menu for the day

The most important point of treatment is a diet for colitis during an exacerbation. Nutrition should be balanced and light. The approximate menu for the day is as follows:

• for breakfast, you need to eat oatmeal on the water and cottage cheese (both grated dishes), as well as drink unsweetened tea;
• followed by a snack of dry blueberries;
• for lunch, it is recommended to eat light chicken broth with semolina, steam meatballs, as well as rice porridge on the water and jelly;
• dinner consists of a steam omelette, grated buckwheat porridge and tea;
• a couple of hours before bedtime, you can drink fruit or oatmeal jelly.

Diet depending on the type of colitis

The diet for colitis during an exacerbation largely depends on what symptoms the disease accompanies. So, based on the manifestations of the disease, nutrition can be as follows:

Diet for colitis during an exacerbation: nutrition and recipes

Having dealt with the list of recommended foods, it is important to combine them into healthy, and most importantly, delicious dishes. Soft, enveloping and light textures should be the basis of a colitis diet during an exacerbation. We decided to present the recipes in the form of a table.

Nutrition while improving

With colitis of the intestine during an exacerbation, it contributes to a fairly rapid improvement in the condition. As a result, the diet gradually begins to expand.

So, it is permissible to eat not only boiled and steam, but also baked dishes (be sure to remove the crust). The following can be gradually added to the list of allowed products:

• ripe tomatoes and potatoes in limited quantities;
• products made from lean dough (buns, pies with cottage cheese, fruit, egg or meat);
• pasta as an additive to soups;
• ripe fruits and berries, peeled and pitted;
• weak coffee;
• sweets such as marshmallows, marshmallows, marmalade, preserves and jams.

As the condition improves, it is recommended to expand the diet by eating small amounts of sausages, vegetable oil and other forbidden foods. This is not systematic, but only aimed at ensuring that the intestines are ready to process any food.

Prevention of colitis

The best prevention of gastrointestinal diseases is the right diet. With colitis during an exacerbation, it is important to eat healthy food. But it is better to prevent the problem than to treat it later. That is why it is recommended to always adhere to the principles of proper nutrition. It is also worth remembering that nervous tension and stress can lead to a sharp deterioration in the condition. That is why it is important to avoid negative emotions and bad moods.

Forget about bad habits (smoking and alcohol). And drink antiviral drugs and antibiotics strictly as prescribed by the doctor, while taking medications that protect the stomach and intestines.